Ndi mtundu II matenda ashuga, kodi kuchotsera insulini kuyandikira kwambiri?

Mu matenda a shuga a mtundu woyamba, ndizosatheka kukana insulin mu jakisoni. Ngakhale pakukhululuka kapena kukonzekera ukwati, madokotala amalimbikitsa ma microdoses a mankhwalawo kuti matendawo athe kutha kuwongolera. Ndikwabwino kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala omwe amatsanzira kupanga kwa insulin. Ndi mtundu wa 2 wodwala, chithandizo chovuta chimathandiza wodwalayo kupewa jakisoni wokhazikika.

ZOFUNIKA KUDZIWA! Ngakhale odwala matenda ashuga kwambiri amatha kuchiritsidwa kunyumba, popanda opaleshoni kapena zipatala. Ingowerenga zomwe Marina Vladimirovna akunena. werengani zonena zake.

Kodi ndizotheka kukana jakisoni wa insulin ndi matenda a shuga 1?

Njira iliyonse yamatenda a metabolic m'thupi la munthu imatengera kuchuluka kwa insulin. Hormoni iyi imanyamula glucose kudzera mu zimagwira ma cell, ndikupereka zakudya zama cell. Chifukwa chake, ndikusowa kwa mahomoni, ntchito ya ziwalo zonse imalepheretseka. Kuperewera kwa shuga kumayambitsa kufa kwa maselo. Mtundu woyamba wa matenda ashuga umabweretsa kutayika kwathunthu ndi kapamba wakuthekera kwa kupanga kwachilengedwe kwa mahomoni. Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha kubadwa kwa majini, kusokonekera kwa ma virus, kapena kuwononga ma cell a beta. Pankhaniyi, shuga amawonjezeka mofulumira, ndipo kupewa jakisoni wa insulin kumabweretsa kukula kwa chikomokere cha hyperglycemic ndi kufa kwa wodwalayo.

Shuga amachepetsedwa nthawi yomweyo! Matenda a shuga m'kupita kwa nthawi angayambitse matenda ambiri, monga mavuto amawonedwe, khungu ndi tsitsi, zilonda zam'mimba, zilonda zam'mimba komanso matenda otupa! Anthu amaphunzitsa zinzake zowawa kuti azisintha shuga. werengani.

Mankhwala a insulin ndiye maziko a matenda a shuga 1. Kuchotsa zoopsa zomwe zimachitika m'magazi m'thupi chitha kubayitsa mahomoni.

Jakisoni wokhazikika sangachiritsidwe matenda ashuga; insulin ndi gawo la mankhwala obwezeretsa. Makina a chitukuko cha matenda samasiya zosankha kwa odwala: simungathe kupita ku insulin mu mtundu woyamba wa matenda ashuga. Komabe, chifukwa cha zakudya zosankhidwa bwino komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse, kuchepa kwa tsiku ndi tsiku kwa mankhwalawa kumatheka.

Kukwatira

Nthawi zina odwala amakhala ndi nthawi ya chikhululukiro, chotchedwa tchuthi cha ukwati. Chifukwa cha jakisoni wokhazikika, kupanga insulin yachilengedwe kumabwezeretsedwa kwakanthawi mu kapamba. Anthu omwe ali ndi mbiri yochepa ya matendawa amakhala ndi lingaliro lolakwika kuti matendawa adapangidwa molakwika kapena kuti matendawa adayamba chifukwa cha mankhwala azitsamba kapena mphamvu zina "zamatsenga". Tsoka ilo, ziwonetserozi sizingalembedwe. Ndi matendawa, zolakwika zachipatala ndizopezeka kawirikawiri kwambiri, ndipo machitidwe akuwonetsa kuti zozizwitsa sizichitika. Munthawi imeneyi, simuyenera kusiyiratu jakisoni: Kusunga Mlingo wocheperako kumathandizira kufooketsa njira ya autoimmune yowonongera maselo a beta. Izi zimapangitsa kuti zaka zoyambirira zizilamulira matenda.

Wochedwa insulin

Jakisoni wowirikiza amakhumudwitsa odwala, komabe, ngakhale akupanga mankhwala a nthawi yayitali, tikulimbikitsidwa kusankha njira ya chithandizo momwe makonzedwe a insulin amafanana ndi kupanga kwachilengedwe. Kuphatikiza apo, pankhaniyi, kuwerengera mlingo umodzi ndikosavuta. Ndizosatheka kwenikweni kusiya kapena kusiya kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Kuwerengera Mlingo ndi kusankha kwa mankhwala kumachitika ndi dokotala, poganizira magawo a matenda, zaka, kuchuluka kwa katundu.

Kodi ndingapeze matenda ashuga a 2?

Matenda amtunduwu amapita patsogolo pang'onopang'ono. Kupanga kwa insulin mu mtundu 2 wa shuga kumatha kukhala kwabwinobwino, komabe, ma cell receptors samvera insulin ndi shuga, popanda kuphwanya nembanemba, amakhala ndi magazi. Kufunika kwa jakisoni wa mankhwalawa ndi mtundu wachiwiri wa shuga kumachitika nthawi zina:

Ndi kuwonjezeka kwa shuga, amayi oyembekezera amatenga jakisoni wa mahomoni.

• matenda ashuga osawerengeka
• mimba
• kuwonda msanga
• machitidwe
• sitiroko
• ketoacidosis,
• matenda oopsa.

Zinthu Zakusintha

Pazidziwitso zonsezi, mankhwala a insulin amatha kutha pomwe pakukhazikitsa metabolism ya carbohydrate. Pachifukwa ichi, mankhwala othandizira amathandizidwa, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi pafupipafupi komanso bwino. Ngati mkati mwa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi kuyezetsa magazi kwa glycated hemoglobin kukuwonetsa mulingo woyenera, izi zimagwira monga chizindikiro chosiya kubayitsa.

Kodi mungachite bwanji?

Sizingatheke kusankha pawokha pakubaya kwa jakisoni wa mahomoni - izi zimakonda kukhala chifukwa cha kukula kwa hyperglycemic coma ndi kufa kwa wodwala. Kubwereranso pamapiritsi kumachitika ndi kuchepa kwakadontho. Njirayi imachitika moyang'aniridwa ndi dokotala, pomwe kuyesedwa kwa ma laboratory kumachitidwa kawiri m'miyezi 6. Zotsatira zawo ziyenera kuwonetsa kuchepa kwa 1.5%.

Kuletsa kudya kwambiri kumathandiza kuchepetsa shuga. Chakudyacho chimasankhidwa poganizira kuphatikizidwa kwa kusintha kwadzidzidzi kwa shuga m'magazi. Mwa izi, zakudya zomwe zimakhala ndi otsika glycemic index zimasankhidwa popanda kupereka machulukitsidwe komanso zofunikira. Kutumiza kukula kumathandizidwanso. Kuchuluka kwa tsiku ndi tsiku kwamadzi akumwa komwe kumakhala pafupifupi malita 1.5.

Wodwala yemwe akuyesetsa kudumphira insulin ayenera kusuntha. Katundu aliyense wosasamala amasankhidwa - kusambira, yoga, Pilates, kuyenda. Zochita zosachepera mphindi 150 pa sabata ziyenera kukhala zofunikira. Zothandiza kwambiri kupuma ntchito komanso kupuma. Njira yokhayo yolumikizidwa ingasinthe jakisoni wa insulin.

Kodi kagayidwe ndi chiyani?

Munthu wamba nthawi zambiri amasokoneza chimbudzi ndi kagayidwe. Chifukwa chake, polankhula za metabolism yofulumira, anthu ambiri amatanthauza chopondera chakudya chilichonse, komanso kuchepa kwa kagayidwe - kusakhalapo. Izi si kwenikweni kagayidwe! Metabolism imakamba za momwe zimachitika m'selo. Zakudya zitatu zazikulu zomwe zimalowa mu membrane wa khungu ndi magazi - magazi, mapuloteni ndi mafuta - ziyenera kupeza cholandirira chawo, ndiko kuti, malo pa membrane wa khungu komwe angagwirizanitse ndikulowa. Izi zimachitika mosiyanasiyana - kuphatikizika, kuphatikizika, apoptosis ndi ena. Zimalowa mu cell, zinthu zimasweka, kupereka mphamvu zawo. Zakudya zomanga thupi ndi zinthu zake zomangira, zimakumbidwa mkati mwa selo ndikupanga. Mu mawonekedwe a metabolites, khungu "limawaponyera" iwo. Njira imeneyi imatchedwa metabolism.

Metabolism imachitika pazifukwa zingapo. Chifukwa chofala kwambiri chimalumikizidwa ndikuwoneka pa ma membrane a cell cell a zinthu zina zotchedwa ma polima. Amatenga malo a glucose, mapuloteni, mafuta. Pankhaniyi, shuga "sapeza" malo ake. Ma polima omwewo, poizoni, zinthu zina zowola (metabolites) zomwe sizinachotsedwe m'thupi, zimatenga malo a insulin.

Insulin ndi yofunika kuti mutsegule njira ya glucose mu cell. Uli ngati kiyi, cholandirira ndi khomo, chatsekedwa. Glucose "adayenda" pakhomo ili, "adachipeza", akufuna kulowa m'khola, koma osakwanitsa mpaka kiyi udalowe ndikutsegulidwa. Kiyi, yomwe imayikidwa pakhomo, ndi insulin.

Kwa glucose, pali ma receptor awiri, masamba awiri ophatikiza. Cholandirira insulin ndi chochepa kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri, poyizoni woyamba, "dothi", poizoni yemwe ali m'magazi, amakhala ndi insulin. Kenako insulin imapangidwa, koma osalowa mu "keyhole" yake. Kukana insulini kumayamba, i.e. palibe glucose samva insulini.

Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani mu cell? Selo sililandira glucose, yomwe ndiyofunikira, makamaka kwamanjenje - popanda glucose, sangakhaleko kwa mphindi zingapo. Selo imatumiza chisonyezo kudzera mu kulumikizana kwa neuroendocrine, ndiko kuti, kudzera m'madzi a mthupi, ziwalo zam'mimba kupita ku ubongo "Ndili ndi njala." Ubongo umalimbikitsa masisitimu, kumverera kwa njala, insulini imabisikanso kwambiri.

Pakakhala insulin yochuluka kwambiri, glucose amalowa mu cell. Chifukwa chake, ndi mtundu II shuga mellitus, insulin yambiri. Insulini, pokhala homoni ya catabolic (yowononga), nthawi zina imaphwanya shuga kunja kwa cell kukhala madzi ndi mafuta. Madzi amakhalabe pa nembanemba ya khungu, akumachepetsa mphamvu yake, ndipo mafuta amapita kumalo osungirako. Chifukwa chake, mtundu wachiwiri wa shuga umayendera limodzi ndi kunenepa: osavuta, koma metabolic.

Kunenepa kwambiri kwa metabolism kumasiyana ndi kunenepa kwenikweni mwakuti mafuta enieni amapangidwa, omwe adutsa gawo la kusiyanasiyana ndipo ali michere yofunika, acid. Amasintha mwachangu kwambiri, amatenga nawo gawo pamagulu a mahomoni. Mafuta amawaika m'malo olemera a estrogen. Mwa amuna ndi akazi, izi ndi gawo lofanana: chifuwa, chiuno, m'mimba. Mwamuna amakula pachifuwa pake, m'chiuno mwake mumakhala kuzungulira. Matupi a mkazi amawonjezeka, cellulite imawoneka. Kunenepa kwambiri kwa metabolism kumadziwika ndi m'mimba "metabolicabdomen" chifukwa mafuta amayikidwa pamimba.

Selo silipeza glucose wokwanira, ndipo insulin imapangidwa zochuluka. Ngati njirayi imatenga nthawi yayitali, ndiye kuti zosungirazo zatha. Kenako insulin nayonso imatha, imakhala yaying'ono - awa ndi boma la matenda osawerengeka a shuga. Palibenso kukana insulin, ndipo matenda a shuga a Type II nawonso amalumikizana ndi matenda a shuga a mtundu II. Ndizovuta kwambiri kuchiza matenda ashuga oterewa, ngakhale kuti insulin yakunja imayenera kuperekedwa, komanso sizithandiza, chifukwa kukana kwa khungu kumakhalabe.

Pamodzi ndi shuga wambiri, mtundu wachiwiri wa shuga umakhala ndi zovuta zina za metabolic. Iye, monga lamulo, samangokhala yekha. Pali ma insulin, glucose, mapuloteni, ndi mafuta ochulukitsa pa membrane wa cell. Mwa wodwala, mwachitsanzo, pali kuphwanya kwamphamvu kwa mapuloteni, kenako mapuloteni samalumikizana mu cell, koma amaphatikizidwa. Pa kusweka, makulidwe amtundu wa protein, lactate (lactic acid) ndi uric acid amapangidwa. Uric acid mu mawonekedwe a makhiristo amayikidwa mu mafupa, gout kapena nyamakazi ikukula, ndipo lactate imayikidwa m'misempha, kupweteka kwa munthu, kutopa. Ngati zomwezo zimachitika ndi mafuta, ndiye mamolekyulu a cholesterol, otaya chipolopolo, amapangitsa kuti cholesterol "yabwino" imasandulika "yoyipa", munthu amakhala ndi dyslipidemia, yomwe imatsogolera ku atherossteosis.

Kukula kwa matenda oopsa ngati atherosulinosis, kuchepa kwamitsempha yamagazi - lero ndi mliri waanthu, womwe uli ndi zotsatira zoyipa kwambiri, anthu ambiri akudwala nawo. Dziko lasayansi likuti chifukwa cha atherosulinosis sikuti ndi cholesterol, komanso kuphwanya njira za metabolic. Kuchepa kwa shuga kagayidwe kachakudya, kuphwanya mafuta kagayidwe kachakudya kamayambitsa matenda a atherosulinosis. Chifukwa shuga samalumikizana, komanso umagawika m'mafuta, kukhala triglycerides. Umu ndi momwe pathophysiology imathandizira.

Ife, asayansi amakono, madotolo, timamvetsetsa njira zake. Zimangoyankha funso loti tichite nazo. Apa tikukumana ndi kutsutsana kotero kwa zinthu ziwiri zomwe zimatchedwa kuti "vidiavidi", ndiye kuti, kudziwa, kuzindikira, kapena kusazindikira. Kulimbana kwaumbuli ndi malingaliro wamba. Kusazindikira kukapanda, metabolic syndrome imayamba. Tikudziwa kuti chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake ndi kupezeka kwa thupi lama metabolites ambiri ndi zinthu zina zosayenera zomwe zimatulutsa m'mimba zomwe zimalowa ndikulowa mu membrane wa cell ngati ma cell immune.

Kodi amachokera kuti? Kodi magwero awo ali kuti? Ndizodziwika bwino kuti kupsinjika kumayambitsa kusintha kwamatumbo ndi ma hepatobiliary, ndiye kuti, bile limakhala lambiri, motero limakhala poizoni. Fermentation, kugawanika kukukulira. Ma mamolekyulu ambiri amawoneka omwe sagawika pamlingo wofunikira, chifukwa chake samasiyananso ndi tinthu tating'ono kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, potengeka, ndi mtundu wina wa "ma curve", "clumsy" omwe sangagwiritsidwe ntchito ndi khungu ngati michere, koma ndi polima.

Chimbudzi cholakwika chimalumikizidwa ndi kupsinjika. Kupsinjika - bile - kuphwanya njira za enzymatic - iyi ndi imodzi. Onjezerani kwa izi njira zowawa, zolakwika, zopanda thanzi pankhani yazakudya. Tikadzilola kudya madzulo, patatha maola 19, 20, ngakhale tikudziwa komanso timamvetsetsa kuti pakadali pano chimbudzi sichinachedwe. Pali njala, koma sikukugaya. Kudzimbidwa kuchokera ku chakudya kumasiyanitsidwa ndi kukhalapo kwa michere, ma enzyme, ma acid, ndi zina zambiri. Madzulo, njira zimachepetsa, nayonso mphamvu, acidization imachitika. Kuledzera kwamafuta kwambiri, zakudya zotsekemera kwambiri, kapena mapuloteni ambiri, ndiko kuti, m'mavoliyumu ambiri mwakuti thupi satha kugaya.

Chifukwa china chomwe sitingathe kuchita ndikugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zotsika mtengo, zopangidwa mwamafuta, zopanda mankhwala, zopaka mankhwala ophera tizilombo. Sitingapeze zinthu zachilengedwe pamsika.

Ndipo onjezerani zam'tsogolo. Ndizovomerezeka mu zamankhwala kuti kupangidwira kwamtundu wina mwanjira zina zamapangidwe amwazi sikowopsa, ndikuwopsa pamachitidwe. Nthawi zambiri, matenda amatuluka osati chifukwa choti mayiyo anali ndi mitsempha ya varicose, koma chifukwa mwana wamkazi amakhala momwe amayi ake amachitira. Nthawi zambiri, kukayikira kukonza banja lathu, kumasula ana athu pazolakwika zina zomwe zimatidwalitsa, kumabweretsa chifukwa tikupitilizabe kunyamula mibadwo mibadwo. Zonsezi zimayambitsa kuphwanya. Zachidziwikire, pali matenda omwe munthu sakanatha kuwoneratu, monga matenda amanjenje omwe amatsogolera pakusintha kwazinthu - izi zimakhudzanso chimbudzi ndi kagayidwe. Pali zovuta zamafuta zomwe zimatha kubweretsanso mavuto a metabolic, koma awa ndi ochepa.

Milandu yambiri ya metabolic syndrome ndi zinthu zanga zomwe zalembedwa. Amatsogolera munthu posachedwa kapena metabolic syndrome, yomwe imaphatikizapo matenda a shuga, dyslepidemia, gout, kapena nyamakazi, arthrosis.

Ndatchula mawu oti "posachedwa" kapena "mochedwa." Chilichonse chili ndi tanthauzo lakuthupi, chilichonse chimafotokozedwa mwasayansi. Pali mawu ngati awa mu Russian "makumi". Ambiri amati ndi 40, ndipo amayamba kumva. Mpaka 40, sindinamve chilichonse, koma kuyambira 40 ndidayamba. Izi ndi zomveka. Chowonadi ndichakuti patatha zaka 40, nthawi zambiri pofika zaka 42, njira zina zosinthira chibadwa zimasintha kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, mahomoni okula amaleka kupangidwa. Kukula kwa mahomoni kumafunikira osati kokha kuti mukule, komanso kuti musinthe.

Ngati tiwononga kena kake, mahomoni okula amakonzanso. Imasiya kupangidwa, kuchuluka kwa T-lymphocyte kumachepa, thymus gland (thymus), T-lymphocyte imaleka kupanga zochuluka motere, ndipo ntchito yathu yoteteza thupi, chinthu choyambirira choteteza chitetezo cha m'thupi chimafooka. Kuchepetsa pang'ono pang'onopang'ono pakati pa kugonana kumayamba. Kuchuluka kwa estrogen, luteinizing, kupatsa mphamvu kwama follicle mu azimayi, mahomoni achimuna (androgens), etc. Izi zimabweretsa kusintha kwa zomverera, mu gawo la kuzindikira, mu mawonekedwe azinthu zam'mlengalenga.

Ngati mupita njira yoyeretsera, ndiye kuti timatsegula njira yothandizira matenda a shuga. Izi zikuyenera kuchitika molondola kuti munthu asavulale. Monga dokotala, sindikuwona kuti ndizotheka kukonza kuyeretsa koyenera kunyumba, kapena kuwerenga maphikidwe, kapena kumva momwe wina adazichitira. Chifukwa chiyani? Munthu aliyense ndi payekhapayekha, kagayidwe kachakudya ka michere kamapezeka mu iliyonse mosiyanasiyana. Ndi anthu angati, oyeretsa ambiri. Aliyense ali ndi njira ina.Wina ali ndi nkhani ya bile, kapena zinthu za acidic, zomwe zinayambitsa kusintha uku, wina ali ndi nembanemba ya mucous.

Izi zimapezeka pogwiritsa ntchito njira zasayansi, labotale, ultrasound, gastroscopy, colonoscopy, ndi zina zambiri. Izi zitha kupezedwa ndi njira za Ayurvedic: ndi zamkati, lilime, maso, mkodzo, matumbo, thukuta, ndi zina zambiri. Ndikwabwino kuzindikira ndikuphatikiza chimodzi ndi chimzake, ndiye kuti sichingadziwike. Pankhaniyi, sitikuwona kuphwanya kokha mu kagayidwe kazakudya, kuti Ayurveda amawona bwino, timawonanso minofu yowonongeka. Tikuwona zolakwira. Ndiwapadera, ndi gawo labwino.

Thupi likakhala loyera, ndiye kuti kukonzanso zakudya m'thupi nthawi zina kumakhala kokwanira kubwezeretsanso shuga yachiwiri. Ine mwachindunji sindimagwiritsa ntchito mawu oti "zakudya." Ndine wotsutsa zakudya zopusa. Kwa munthu aliyense padzakhala mtundu wina wokonzedwa. Ndinena kuti sikuti "osadya shuga, buledi," ndi choncho. Ayi, ndi matenda a shuga a mtundu 2, malangizowo ndi osiyana. Kwa aliyense, adzakhala aliyense payekha. Kuwongolera muzakudya, mankhwala ena a phyto, osankhidwa payekha, kuyenda. Selo imapempha chakudya pokhapokha katundu. Chimodzi mwazinthu zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a shuga ndi kusachita masewera olimbitsa thupi. Umu ndi momwe matenda a shuga amathandizidwira. Pali mankhwala ambiri, njira zophera thanzi, pokhapokha khungu likakhala kuti lizindikire.

KULIMA KWA INSULIN

Ngati a 2 matenda a shuga, ndipo anali kale ndi insulin. Poganizira za momwe munthu angapangire matenda a metabolic kwa nthawi yayitali, matenda a shuga a mtundu 2 adakhalapo kwanthawi yayitali, ndipo wapatsidwa kale insulin, ndiye kuti sizotheka kutenga insulin. Ngati kapamba sakuwonetsa hypofunction yathunthu, palibe kuwongolera kwa maselo, ma bea ma bea, ndiye kuti ndi zenizeni. Tsopano tili ndi munthu yemwe akumalandira chithandizo, adabweranso ndi insulin, koma tsopano sakuvomereza.

Type 2 shuga insulin nthawi zambiri imalembedwa chifukwa chosowa chiyembekezo. Selo siligwirizana, adapereka mankhwala amodzi omwe amamangiriza glucose m'matumbo, adapereka mankhwala achiwiri omwe amayeseza kuti amatsitsimutsa maselo, adapatsa Glucobai, Metformin, Januvius. Ndipo shuga akadali 16, kapena 14, apamwamba kuposa 10. Kenako pali insulini, ndipo sikuti nthawi zonse imathetsa vutoli. Chifukwa chake, pafupipafupi ndi matenda a shuga a 2, kukana insulin kumadzetsa, koma sikuchotsa.

Kupereka ndikuchotsa insulin mwa odwala matenda ashuga

Matenda a shuga a Mtundu 1 ndi chidziwitso chokwanira cha insulin. Zikatero, ndiye mankhwala okhawo omwe amachotsa matenda oopsa a shuga m'magazi. Jakisoni wa matenda a shuga sangathe kuchiza matendawa;

"Lumikizani insulin" yokhala ndi matenda a shuga 1. Ngati mungatsatire zakudya ndikutsatira zoyenera kuchitidwa mthupi, mutha kukwaniritsa kuchepetsa. Atafunsidwa ngati ndizotheka kukana insulin pomwe akukhala wathanzi komanso kutsitsa shuga, ma endocrinologists amapereka yankho losatsimikizika.

Muyenera kubayira insulini mwanjira yoti imawoneka ngati kutulutsa kwachilengedwe kwa mahomoni. Nthawi zambiri, insulin imapangidwa mosalekeza (basal secretion) pafupifupi gawo limodzi pa ola limodzi. Nthawi ya chakudya, gawo limodzi la insulin limatulutsidwa kwa 10 g iliyonse ya chakudya. Chifukwa chake, jakisoni m'modzi wa insulin sangathe kukhalabe ndi shuga m'magazi.

Ma insulin omwe akhala akuchita kwa nthawi yayitali, Lantus ndi Levemir, adapangidwa, amatha kubayidwa kamodzi, koma machitidwe ndizovuta kwambiri kudziwa kuti mankhwalawa angagwire ntchito bwanji kwa tsiku limodzi malinga ndi malire, kotero kugwiritsa ntchito kwawo kumakhala limodzi ndi hypoglycemia. Jakisoni wambiri yemwe amapangidwa, ndiye kuti amayandikira kwambiri kutulutsa kwakakhazikika kwa mahomoni.

Malangizo pa kusankhidwa kwa nthawi ya kukonzekera kwa insulin komanso pafupipafupi makonzedwe angakhazikitsidwe kokha kuchokera kwa endocrinologist mukamafufuza mbiri ya wodwala. Kuphatikiza apo, zaka, kuchuluka kwa zolimbitsa thupi ndi matenda okhudzana ndi izi ziyenera kukumbukiridwa.

Mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga, kusinthika kwa mankhwala a insulini kungafunike pazinthu zotere:

• Mimba
• Myocardial infaration.
• Ischemic kapena hemorrhagic stroke yaubongo.
• Kuchepetsa thupi pang'onopang'ono ndi chakudya chamagulu.
• Ketoacidosis.
• Opanga Opaleshoni.
• Matenda opatsirana opatsirana (ndi kuthekera kwa purulent ndi septic complication).
• Matenda a shuga osaperekedwa.

Ngati ali ndi matenda a shuga, kuchuluka kwa glucose komwe kumathamanga kumaposa 7.85 mmol / L wokhala ndi thupi labwino, kapena kupitirira 15 mmol / L ndi kulemera kulikonse, mapuloteni othandizira a C amachepetsa akayesedwa ndi glucagon, glycosylated hemoglobin pamwamba pa 9% ndi umboni wa matenda osokoneza bongo.

Wodwala akalandira chithandizo chamankhwala, amatsatira zakudya ndipo amakhala ndi njira yovomerezeka yochitira masewera olimbitsa thupi, ndipo kuchuluka kwa glucose sikungachepe, ndiye kuti insulini ingalembedwe.

Zikatero, zimakhala zotheka kuti muchotse kudalira kwa insulin ngati kunali kotheka kukhazikitsa kagayidwe kazakudya. Kuyesedwa kwa magazi kwa hemoglobin ya glycated mkati mwa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi kuyenera kuwonetsa kuchepa kwa mulingo woyenera.

Kubadwa kwa mwana kumatha kubweretsa kusintha kwa matenda a carbohydrate metabolism mwa azimayi omwe amasintha insulin panthawi yapakati. Chifukwa chake, atabereka mwana, amatha pang'onopang'ono kuchoka pa insulin ndikubwerera pamapiritsi ochepetsa shuga.

Chimodzi mwazochitika zazikulu za odwala ndi kupweteka kwa jakisoni. Ambiri amaopa kuyamba kulandira mankhwala moyenera chifukwa cha iwo. Nthawi yomweyo, nthawi imakokedwa mpaka zinthu zitakhala zovuta.

M'malo mwake, zovuta zogonana za insulin ndizosavuta kulekerera kuposa jakisoni wambiri. Nthawi yomweyo, makampani amakono samayima, ndipo masiku ano odwala amapatsidwa masensa apadera odzaza ndi mankhwalawa, omwe ali ndi singano zowonda kwambiri zomwe zimakhala ndizitali zosiyanasiyana. Kukula kwa singano kumasankhidwa payekha ndi dokotala.

Ntchito ya insulin m'thupi

Insulin m'thupi imakhudza mitundu yonse ya kagayidwe. Koma choyambirira chimakhudza kagayidwe kazakudya. Ntchito yayikulu ya insulini ndikusuntha kwa glucose mu cell kudzera mu nembanemba. Minofu ndi adipose, yomwe m'thupi imapanga pafupifupi 68% ya kulemera konse kwa thupi, amadalira insulin kwambiri.

Kutulutsa, kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi kayendedwe ka magazi zimatengera ntchito ya minofu, minofu ya adipose imasunga mphamvu m'thupi. Ndi kuperewera kwa mankhwala a insulin, ziwalo zonse zimavutika, ziwalo zovuta kwambiri ndi ubongo ndi mtima. Chifukwa cha kusamwa kwambiri kwa shuga, ma cell osasintha amasintha mwa iwo.

Kutha kutsitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'thupi kumachitika makamaka chifukwa cha insulini. Katunduyu amagwiritsidwa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito njira zotsatirazi:

• Kumwenso kwa glucose ndi zinthu zina ndi ma cell kumatheka.
• Ntchito za ma enzymes omwe amaphwanya glucose ndikutulutsa mphamvu (mu mawonekedwe a ATP) amawonjezeka.
• Glycogen kaphatikizidwe kamene kamatuluka mu glucose, kamene kamayikidwa m'chiwindi ndi minofu (ngati malo osungira).
• Mapangidwe a shuga m'chiwindi amachepetsa.

Zotsatira za insulin pa kagayidwe kazakudya zimaphatikizira kukoka kwa ma amino acid, potaziyamu, magnesium ndi phosphates ndi maselo, komanso polimbikitsa kubwereza kwa DNA ndi kaphatikizidwe ka mapuloteni. Insulin imachepetsa kuwonongeka kwa mapuloteni.

Insulin imayang'anira kagayidwe ka mafuta posintha glucose kukhala triglycerides ndikuchepetsa kuchepa kwamafuta. Ndiye kuti, insulin imathandiza kusunga mafuta.

Mukatha kudya, kuchuluka kwa glucose amadzuka, poyankha izi, kapamba amatulutsa insulin. Masewera a glucose akagwera pansi pazoyenera, kutulutsidwa kwa insulin m'maselo a beta kumachepera, koma osasiya. Ma mahomoni a Contrinsular - glucagon, adrenaline ndi mahomoni ena opsinjika amayamba kulowa m'magazi, pambuyo pake kuchuluka kwa glucose kumakwera.

Mtundu woyamba wa matenda ashuga, kapamba amataya kutulutsa. Izi ndichifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa maselo a beta ndi njira za autoimmune, kuwonetsedwa ndi ma virus kapena zovuta zamtundu.

Popanda insulini, kuchuluka kwa glucose kumakula mofulumira. Kukana insulini kungayambitse kukomoka komanso kufa.

Mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga umayamba pang'onopang'ono kuposa mtundu 1, womwe umapangidwa ndi insulini mwanjira wamba kapena kuchuluka kwake, koma ma cell a insulin samvera kanthu, glucose sangadutse membrane wa cell ndikukhalabe m'magazi.

Kuwonjezeka kwa shuga m'magulu 1 ndi matenda amtundu wa 2 amavulaza mitsempha ya m'magazi, kuchititsa zovuta mu mawonekedwe a:

1. Matenda a shuga
2. Neuropathies ndi mapangidwe a zilonda zosachiritsa (phazi la matenda ashuga).
3. Kuwonongeka kwa impso - nephropathy.
4. Arthropathy.
5. The retina ndi matenda ashuga retinopathy.
6. Encephalopathy
7. Chitetezo chokwanira chikutsika.

Odwala odwala matenda ashuga amakhala ndi matenda opatsirana komanso fungus, omwe, osakwanira kubwezeredwa, ndiovuta, komanso zovuta.

Palinso kuchepa kwamphamvu kwa mankhwala opha maantibayotiki ndi mankhwala antifungal.

Bodza lachiwiri

Nthawi zambiri mumatha kumva izi: ngati mutayamba kugwiritsa ntchito insulin, ndiye kuti sizingakhale moyo popanda iwo. M'malo mwake, odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga 1 opanda jakisoni wa insulin ndipo chowonadi sichingakhale moyo.

Itha, inde, kuthetsedwa, sikuti ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo, koma munthawi imeneyi matenda a shuga sangabwezeredwe, chiopsezo chotenga zovuta, monga kuwonongeka kwa ziwiya zam'mimba, phazi la matenda ashuga, kulephera kwa impso, kuonjezera ngozi ya matenda amtima komanso mikwingwirima.

Ndikofunika kukumbukira: samwalira ndi matenda a shuga, koma chifukwa cha zovuta zake.

Bodza 3. Kulemera kwambiri

Nthano yokhazikika yokhudza insulin masiku ano imatsimikiza kuti kudya kwake kumakhudza kulemera. Inde, malinga ndi kafukufuku wambiri, odwala omwe adayamba kulandira mankhwala a insulin nthawi zina amayamba kulemera chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa chakudya, komabe, malinga ndi kafukufuku omwewo, odwala omwe ali ndi mankhwala a hypoglycemic omwe mapiritsi nawonso akukula, popeza tikulankhula za odwala okalamba komanso odwala omwe amangokhala kakhalidwe.

Pali njira imodzi yokhayo: kuwongolera chilakolako chofuna kudya, chifukwa magawo akuluakulu amachititsa kuti shuga azikhala ndi magazi ambiri, omwe, amafunikira kuchuluka kwa insulin ndipo angayambitse bongo.

Zinthu za kuphatikiza insulin

Pewani insulin mu mtundu 2 wa shuga ngati chisonyezo chokhacho cha kuwonjezeka chinakwezedwa hemoglobin mu shuga. Pakupita miyezi isanu ndi umodzi, muyenera kubwereza kafukufukuyo kawiri, ngati pakuchepa kuposa 1.5%, ndiye kuti mutha kukana jakisoni ndi kumwa mapiritsi.

Kuletsedwa kwathunthu kuchotsa jakisoni wa insulin popanda chilolezo cha dokotala, izi zitha kuchititsa kuti akhale ndi vuto la matenda ashuga. Kubwerera pamiyeso yam'mapiritsi apaleti mawonekedwe a piritsi ndikotheka pokhapokha kuchepa kwapang'onopang'ono kwamapiritsi a insulin.

Ngati ndizosatheka kusiya kumwa mankhwalawo, ndiye kuti pali mwayi wochepetsa mlingo wake. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kusintha kadyedwe kuti zinthu zomwe zili mmenemo zisayambitse kuchuluka kwadzidzidzi mu shuga m'magazi (shuga ndi zinthu zonse zomwe zili nazo, zipatso zotsekemera, uchi, mankhwala a ufa, zakudya zamafuta, makamaka nyama).

Ndikofunikira kuwongolera osati kapangidwe kake, komanso kuchuluka kwa chakudya. Pitilizani kumwa mowa - osachepera malita 1.5 patsiku lamadzi.

Kuphatikiza apo, pamafunika boma lamagalimoto - kuyenda, masewera olimbitsa thupi, kusambira kapena yoga kwa odwala matenda ashuga. Ndikofunikira kuti muchepetse mphindi pafupifupi 150 pa sabata molimbitsa thupi. Muyeneranso kudziwa bwino masewera olimbitsa thupi komanso njira zopumulira. Njira zonsezi zimachepetsa kufunika kwa insulin. Kanemayo munkhaniyi akukamba za momwe insulin imayambira matenda ashuga.

Bodza 5. Padzakhala insulin coma.

Pali chikhulupiriro cholimba chakuti mankhwala a insulin angayambitse hypoglycemia ngakhalenso chikomokere. Pang'onopang'ono, munthu amatha kuchepa kukumbukira, kusokonezeka kwa magazi, ndi zina zambiri.

M'malo mwake, ma insulin amakono amtundu wamakono amayikidwa mogwirizana ndi chiwembu chomwe chimatsutsana ndi kupangika kwa insulin, ndipo osakhala ndi mitu yambiri.

Ndikofunika kuganizira mapulani a tsikulo, chifukwa pogwira ntchito yolimbitsa thupi magazi a magazi amachepa, ndipo ngati muli ndiulendo wautali, wogwira ntchito m'munda kapena kutsuka nyumbayo, ndikofunika kuti muchepetse insulin ya m'mawa ndi mayunitsi awiri. Ndipo kusiya nyumba, muyenera kukhala ndi maswiti kapena kumwa thumba laling'ono lamadzi a zipatso.

Ndikofunikira kwambiri kuwunika pafupipafupi kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi - lero pali ma glucometer amodzi pazomwezi. Zoyenera, shuga sayenera kumangokhala pamimba yopanda kanthu, komanso maola awiri mutatha kudya komanso nthawi zonse musanakagone.

Kodi ndingapeze insulin chifukwa cha matenda ashuga?

Matenda a shuga ndi matenda oopsa osachiritsika omwe amachitika chifukwa cha matenda a metabolic m'thupi. Matenda a shuga angayambitse zovuta zazikulu, mwachitsanzo, kuwonongeka kwa ziwalo zamkati (chiwindi, impso, ndi zina) komanso mikhalidwe monga chikomokere. Akomanso amatha kukhala onse chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, komanso chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwake.

Kodi matenda ashuga amakula bwanji?

Chakudya chomwe chimalowa m'thupi pambuyo poyamwa nthawi yomweyo chimayambitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga, pambuyo pake kapamba amapanga insulin. Insulin imapatsa mphamvu thupi kwa kanthawi kochepa, kenako thupi limayamba kufunanso kupumula, komanso chikhumbo chofuna kudya china. Ndipo zina mpaka ku infinity.

Zigawo zazikulu za chakudya, zokhwasula-khwasula, kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta ochulukirapo kumapangitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi.

Mukamadya mafuta osavuta owonjezera, chromium imachotsedwa mwachangu katatu mthupi kuposa popanda chakudya. Ndipo kugwira ntchito moyenera kwa ma insulin receptors, chromium yokwanira ndiyofunikira.

Chifukwa chake, ndi kuchepa kwa chromium, insulin receptors imagwira ntchito.

Kutheka kukana insulin

Odwala omwe ali ndi matenda osokoneza bongo amakakamizidwa kuti azigwiritsa ntchito mankhwala pafupipafupi kuti akhale ndi moyo wabwino. Mankhwala osavulaza kulibe, mulimonse, pali zotsatira zoyipa m'thupi. Nthawi yomweyo, odwala ambiri amaganiza kuti ngati zingatheke kukana insulini mukayamba kugwiritsa ntchito jakisoni wa insulin kuti muisunge.

Pali mitundu iwiri ya matenda ashuga: mellitus omwe amadalira insulin komanso osadalira insulin. Ndi insellitus wodwala yemwe amadalira insulin, wodwalayo amadalira jakisoni yekha. Pankhaniyi, ndizosatheka kukana insulin. Maselo a pancreatic, atalephera kugwira ntchito moyenera, salinso kubwezeretsa ntchito zawo.

Ngati wodwala ali ndi matenda osokoneza bongo a mellitus insulin-payokha, ndiye kuti jakisoni wa insulin atha kufotokozedwa ngati njira yakanthawi kukhazikitsira shuga m'magazi. Pankhaniyi, mutha kusiya kugwiritsa ntchito insulin, koma njira yokana majakisoni imayang'aniridwa ndi dokotala.

Njira yokana insulini imadalira zifukwa zambiri, makamaka pamakhalidwe a wodwala komanso mavuto omwe adatsimikizira kuyambira kwa chithandizo cha jakisoni wa insulin. Pali zotsutsana zina chifukwa chokana chithandizo:

• Pa nthawi yoyembekezera, wodwala amakana insulin pokhapokha ngati abereka,
• M'matenda opatsirana, kukana kumachitika pokhapokha wodwalayo atachira,
• Pankhani yakubaya kwa myocardial kapena stroko, dokotala amapanga chisankho payekha pokana kubayidwa,
• Pambuyo pa opaleshoni, kukana insulini kumayamba osapitirira miyezi isanu ndi umodzi kenako ndi chilolezo cha adokotala.

Njira zosiya insulin

Chifukwa chake, kodi ndizotheka kutsika insulin? Onse payekhapayekha, ndikofunikira kulingalira pazinthu zosiyanasiyana, choyambirira, chifukwa chomwe mankhwalawa adalamulidwa. Khalidwe la wodwala limathandizanso kwambiri. Wodwala ayenera kukhala ndi njira yolondola kuti athe kukana jakisoni. Choyamba, muyenera kutsatira zakudya.

Ndikothekanso kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala achikhalidwe, omwe amathandizira kukonza mkhalidwe wa wodwala ndikuthandizira kukana kwa mahomoni. A decoction a nthomba yakuledzeretsa kuti achepetse kuchuluka kwa insulin ndi kubwezeretsa zamankhwala amuzolengedwa kagayidwe m'thupi.

Kodi ndizotheka kukana insulini?

Kodi ndizotheka kutsika insulin? Muyenera kuganizira za mtundu wa shuga ndikumvetsetsa mtundu wa matendawa. Matenda a shuga ndi matenda osachiritsika omwe amachitika ndi matenda a metabolic. Zimabweretsa zovuta ngati njira zochiritsira sizinatengedwe, imodzi yomwe ikuwonetsetsa kuti insulini idya thupi lonse.

Chinsinsi cha matenda ashuga

Matenda a shuga amayamba chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa insulin (mahomoni a kapamba). Kuperewera uku kungakhale kwamtheradi kapena wachibale. Mtundu woyamba wa matenda ashuga, insulini siyipangidwa mu kapamba, motero wodwala amafunika jakisoni wa mankhwalawa kuti apereke shuga wovomerezeka.

Mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga, mahomoni amakondedwe amapangidwa m'thupi mokwanira. Komabe, singathe kukwaniritsa ntchito yake yokhudzana ndi kupanga shuga, popeza minyewa yathupi imadzaza kwathunthu kapena pang'ono. Zikondazo zimatha pang'onopang'ono, ndipo insulin imapangidwa pang'ono.

Matenda a shuga a Type 1 amapita patsogolo mwachangu, ali ndi matchulidwe kwambiri ndipo amatha kubweretsa zovuta, komanso kukomoka kwambiri komanso ngakhale kufa kwa wodwalayo. Matenda a 2 a shuga siowopsa, amakula pang'onopang'ono, ndipo zizindikiro zake sizinatchulidwe motero.

Kodi insulin imalembedwa liti?

Mwachidziwikire, insulini imadziwika kuti ndi mtundu wa matenda ashuga 1. Chifukwa chake, amadziwika kuti amadalira insulin. Mu mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda, wodwalayo amatha kudya zakudya komanso kuchepetsa shuga kwa nthawi yayitali. Komabe, kukulira kwa vutoli ndikotheka, komwe ma insulin adzapangidwanso.

Kukana kwa insulin mu mtundu 2 wa shuga

Mu shuga osadalira insulin, mankhwalawa atha kutumikiridwa ngati muyeso wosakhalitsa. Zingakhale zofunikira kukhazikitsa shuga m'magazi. Muzochitika izi, ndizotheka kusiya kuzitenga.

Ngati chithandizo cha insulin chikufunika:

• Mimba
• Myocardial infaration kapena stroke,
• Kuperewera kwa insulin
• Opaleshoni
• Kuthamanga kwambiri kwa glycemia kumakhala kwakukulu kuposa 7.8 mmol / L, ngati thupi lozama kapena latsika pansi
• Glycemia pamtunda wa 15 mmol / L, mosasamala kanthu za thupi.

Zonsezi zimatha kukhala chisonyezo chakufotokozera insulin kwa munthu yemwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a 2. Nthawi zambiri, jakisoni wa mankhwala amapatsidwa mankhwala kwakanthawi, kuti athane ndi vuto lalikulu kapena kusiya kwa zovuta.

Mwachitsanzo, mkazi ayenera kutsatira zakudya kuti azikhala ndi shuga wabwinobwino, koma kutenga pakati sikukhudza izi. Kupereka thupi ndi chilichonse chofunikira komanso osavulaza panthawi yapakati, insulin ikhoza kutumikiridwa. Kenako pambuyo pobadwa kwa ana amatha kuzimitsa, popeza momwe machitidwe amagwirira ntchito amasintha.

Ndi chithandizo cha opaleshoni kapena kuvulala kwamitsempha yayikulu (stroke, vuto la mtima), ndizosatheka kuperekanso zakudya zogwirizana ndi matenda ashuga, chifukwa chake kupatsidwa insulin kungakhale yankho.

Komabe, ndikofunikira kukumbukira kuti jakisoni wa mankhwalawa amalembedwa pokhapokha ngati pancreatic hormone imeneyi sikokwanira m'thupi. Ndi matenda omwe amayamba chifukwa cha kusazindikira maselo ku insulini, nthawi yakeyo idzakhala yopanda ntchito.

Kodi chofunikira ndi chiyani pokana insulin?

Choyamba, muyenera kuganizira chifukwa chomwe mankhwalawo adalembera, ndikupeza chilolezo ndi malingaliro kuchokera kwa dokotala. Kachiwiri, izi zidzafunika kutsatira kwambiri zakudya komanso kukhazikitsa njira yabwino. Ndi matenda a 2 a shuga, kuchita mokwanira zinthu zolimbitsa thupi ndikofunikira, komwe kumakupatsani mwayi woti mupange shuga wambiri ndikuwongolera mkhalidwe wamthupi ndi wodwalayo. Chachitatu, kugwiritsa ntchito njira zachikhalidwe zamankhwala pofuna kukonza mkhalidwe ndi kuwerengera magazi kudzathandiza. Izi zitha kukhala zokongoletsa za mbewu za fulakesi, masamba ndi mabuluni.

Kukana kwa insulin kuyenera kuyenda bwino, ndikuchepetsa pang'ono pang'onopang'ono. Ndi kuleka kwakuthwa, thupi sitha kukhala ndi nthawi yochita moyenera, ndipo kuchuluka kwa shuga kumachulukanso.

Zina za ululu wam'mimba nthawi yapakati

Ululu umatengera nthawi yayitali bwanji. Mu trimester yoyamba, m'mimba mukamapweteka pakati, azimayi amamva kuwawa kapena kupweteka kwapafupipafupi. Palibe chowopsa pamenepa, popeza izi zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi kusintha kwa thupi m'thupi, zochitika za m'mimba, kukula komanso kusamuka kwa chiberekero.

Mu trimester yachiwiri, thupi lachikazi limakhala lokonzeka kale kutenga pakati ndipo limagwiritsidwa ntchito pakusintha komwe kwawakhudza. Nthawi imeneyi imatengedwa kuti ndi yabwino kwambiri kwa mayi woyembekezera, popeza mwana wosabadwayo sanakulepo mpaka kufika poti azilimbirana kwambiri ziwalo zamkati zapafupi. Chiberekero chikupitilizabe kukula, limodzi ndi izo minyewa ndi minyewa ya m'mimba imatambasulidwa. Ululu pamimba nthawi zambiri umalumikizidwa ndi kukula kwa chiberekero, kotero mkazi akhoza kumva kuti sakudziwonetsa kukoka kwambiri.

Mu trimester yachitatu, kupweteka kwam'mimba nthawi yapakati kumalumikizidwa ndi kukula kwa mwana wosabadwa. Mwanayo ndi wamkulu kwambiri mpaka chiberekero chimayamba kukakamiza ziwalo zamkati, mwanjira inayake zomwe zimapangitsa kuti azimayi asamve bwino. Nthawi yomweyo, minyewa yam'mimba siyimasuntha chifukwa cha kukula kwa mwana. Zonsezi zimatha kupweteketsa m'mimba kwambiri, zomwe sizowopsa kwa mayi kapena kwa mwana wosabadwayo.

Zomwe zimapweteka kwambiri pakapita nthawi yayitali, kusowa kwa nthawi komanso kulimba. Ndi zopweteka zoterezi palibe chifukwa chodera nkhawa, ndizabwinobwino. Nthawi zina, zimakhala zomveka kukaonana ndi dokotala.

Kupweteka kwam'mimba panthawi yapakati kumatha kuchitika nthawi zosiyanasiyana, ndipo pali zifukwa zokwanira. Ngati m'mimba mwanu mukupweteka nthawi yapakati, sikuti nthawi zonse pamakhala chifukwa chodera nkhawa.

Chifukwa chake, timapereka mwachidule zifukwa zomwe m'mimba mumapwetekera panthawi yapakati: