Insulin Vozulim n: kuchitira mankhwala obwezeretsanso

• 1 Kuphatikizika ndi mawonekedwe a kumasulidwa
• 2 limagwirira ntchito
• 3 Zizindikiro zogwiritsidwa ntchito
• 4 Malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito "Manil" mu shuga
• Gwiritsani ntchito pa nthawi yoyembekezera komanso mkaka wa m'mawere
• 6 Gwiritsani ntchito muubwana ndi ukalamba
• 7 Zotsutsana
• 8 mavuto
• 9 Mankhwala osokoneza bongo
• Kuyanjana ndi njira zina
• 11 Zikhalidwe za tchuthi ndi kusungirako
• 12 Anfiti wa mankhwala
• 13 Zowopsa ndi Zabwino

Pochizira mafupa, owerenga athu adagwiritsa ntchito DiabeNot bwino. Kuwona kutchuka kwa malonda, tidaganiza zoperekera chidwi chanu.

Mankhwala a Maninil mapiritsi amagwiritsidwa ntchito pofuna kuchiza matenda a shuga a 2 ngati njira zochiritsira zamagulu ndi masewera olimbitsa thupi sizinabweretse vuto la hypoglycemic. Ngakhale kuti mankhwalawa ndi othandizadi, amakhalanso ndi zovuta zingapo, motero, musanagwiritse ntchito, ndikofunikira kufunsa akatswiri anu azaumoyo.

Kupanga ndi mawonekedwe a kumasulidwa

Mankhwala a hypoglycemic Maninil amapangidwa ngati mapiritsi a pinki. Chosakaniza chophatikizacho ndi glibenclamide mu kuchuluka kwa 1.75, 3.5 ndi 5 milligrams, kutengera mlingo. Zina zomwe zimapangidwa ndi lactose monohydrate, wowuma, magnesium stearate ndi silicon dioxide. Pali mapiritsi am'mabotolo a zidutswa za 120.

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Njira yamachitidwe

Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala omwe ali gawo la Maninil, ndizotheka kuwonjezera zamphamvu za insulin, kuwonjezera kutulutsidwa kwake, ndikuwonjezera mphamvu ya insulin pakulowetsedwa kwa shuga ndi chiwindi. Kuphatikiza apo, mankhwalawa amachepetsa mphamvu za magazi. Kuchepa kwa glucose m'thupi kumachitika patatha maola awiri pambuyo pa kukhazikitsa ndipo kumatenga pafupifupi tsiku.

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Zizindikiro zogwiritsidwa ntchito

Kwambiri, mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda a shuga a 2 omwe amadalira insulin komanso kuwongolera mphamvu za shuga. Amadziwikanso zikadzachitika:

• Kuchepetsa thupi kwa odwala onenepa kwambiri,
• aakulu hyperglycemia akupezeka.

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Malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito "Manil" mu shuga

Mankhwala amatengedwa ndi madzi okwanira.

Mankhwala a shuga amatengedwa musanadye, pomwe safunikira kutafunidwa ndipo amayenera kutsukidwa ndi madzi okwanira. Imakhazikitsidwa kamodzi patsiku (nthawi yam'mawa). Wodwala ngati atayiwala kumwa mankhwalawa, izi ziyenera kuchitika akangokumbukira. Patsiku lomwelo, ndizoletsedwa kumwa kuchuluka kwa mankhwalawa.

Mlingo wa mankhwalawa umakhudzana mwachindunji ndi msinkhu wa wodwalayo, kuchuluka kwake kwamatenda komanso kuchuluka kwa shuga. Gawo loyambirira la mankhwala a shuga limaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito mapiritsi amodzi kapena awiri kamodzi patsiku. Ngati mulingo womwewu mulibe othandizira othandizira, mutha kuwonjezereka moyang'aniridwa ndi madokotala. Pankhaniyi, mlingo umawonjezeka pang'onopang'ono. Chololedwa kumwa osapitilira mapiritsi a 5-6 patsiku.

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Gwiritsani ntchito pa nthawi yoyembekezera

Mankhwala a shuga a "Maninil" 5 ndi mitundu yake silimadziwika pa nthawi yapakati komanso pakubala. Ogwira ntchito yazaumoyo adawona kuti ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito njira zodalirika zothandizira kulera kuti mupewe kutenga pakati. Mimba ikachitika, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa kuyenera kuyimitsidwa nthawi yomweyo.

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Gwiritsani ntchito muubwana ndi ukalamba

Malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito amayang'ana kwambiri kuti mankhwalawa "Maninil", ogwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda ashuga, amaletsedwa kugwiritsa ntchito ana osakwana zaka 18. Kugwiritsa ntchito mu ukalamba ndikololedwa, koma kuyenera kuchitika moyang'aniridwa ndi madokotala. Kuphatikiza apo, mlingo woyambirira wa mankhwalawa uyenera kuchepetsedwa, chifukwa chiopsezo cha hypoglycemia (kuchepa kwa kuchuluka kwa glucose m'thupi) sichitha.

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Contraindication

Kutsekeka kwamkati ndikuphwanya kumwa mankhwalawa.

Sizoletsedwa kumwa mankhwala a shuga ngati wodwala wapezeka:

• kusalolera pazinthu zina,
• mtundu 1 shuga
• ketoacidosis
• chikomokere
• Kusokonezeka kwa ntchito ya chiwindi,
• kulephera kwa impso
• hemopoiesis matenda am'magazi oyera,
• matumbo,
• lactose tsankho.

Wothandizira mankhwala amalembedwa molondola ngati kupatuka kotereku kwawonedwa:

• matenda a chithokomiro,
• malungo
• kulakwitsa kwa adrenal kotekisi,
• uchidakwa
• poyizoni wa mowa
• okalamba kuyambira zaka 70.

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Zotsatira zoyipa

Nthawi zina "Maninil" amayambitsa izi:

Khansa ya m'magazi ndi chimodzi mwazotsatira za kumwa mankhwala.

1. Matumbo:
   • kulumikizana
   • akukumbutsa
   • kupweteka m'mimba
   • kulawa kwazitsulo pamkamwa,
   • shuga kutsika
   • kunenepa.
2. Khungu:
   • kuyabwa ndi moto
   • pemphigus
   • kuchuluka kwa mphamvu yamagetsi amagetsi a ultraviolet,
   • kupweteka kwa minofu
   • kupweteka kwa molumikizana
   • jaundice
   • Edema wa Quincke.
3. Ziwalo za Hematopoietic:
   • kuchuluka kwa magazi
   • hematopoiesis wamagazi oyera,
   • kutsika kwa kuchuluka kwamaselo ofiira a m'magazi,
   • kuchepa kwa magazi oyera.
4. Zambiri:
   • mutu
   • kufooka
   • kumverera kwa nkhawa
   • kukokana
   • chisokonezo cha mayendedwe
   • kuphwanya magalimoto ndi ntchito zolankhula.

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Bongo

Ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo ambiri, kutentha kwa thupi kumatha kuwonjezeka.

Ngati mankhwala osokoneza bongo, wodwala amakhala ndi zotsatirazi:

• kulakalaka
• malungo
• kutentha kwa mtima
• kumverera kwa nkhawa
• mutu
• kuphwanya zochitika zooneka ndi zolankhula.

Ngati zizindikiro zofananazo zikuwonedwa, ndikofunikira kudya chidutswa cha shuga kapena chakudya chomwe chili ndi glucose posachedwa. Ngati kukomoka kumachitika, shuga amaperekedwa kudzera m'mitsempha.

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Kuchita ndi njira zina

Pogwiritsa ntchito munthawi yomweyo mankhwala omwe ali ndi anabolics, mankhwala osapweteka a antiidal, ACE inhibitors, mankhwala ena a hypoglycemic ndi a beta-blockers, kuwonjezereka kwa zotsatira za mankhwalawa ndikufuna kutsitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga. Kuchepa kwa mphamvu ya Maninil kumachitika ndi ntchito imodzi yokha ndi barbiturates, glucocorticoids, okodzetsa a gulu la thiazide, kulera kwapakamwa komanso mankhwala, omwe amaphatikizapo lithiamu.

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Tchuthi ndi malo osungira

Mutha kugula mankhwalawa "Maninil" m'matomu a pharmacy yekha malinga ndi zomwe dokotala wakupatsani, yemwe ndi wodalirika amasindikiza. Malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito akuwonetsa kuti mankhwalawo ayenera kusungidwa m'malo owuma, kutentha komwe sikudzapitirira 30 madigiri. Chipinda chino sichiyenera kupezeka ndi nyama, ana komanso kuwala kwa dzuwa. Kutalika kwa yosungirako sikuyenera kupitilira zaka 3 kuyambira tsiku lopangidwa, tsiku lomwe limawonetsedwa pamakatoni.

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Mndandanda wa mankhwala opangira mankhwala

Glibenclamide amadziwika kuti ndi analogue a mankhwalawo.

Analogue yokhayo ya mankhwala, yomwe imaphatikizanso zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati Maninil, imawerengedwa ngati mankhwala Glibenclamide. Mankhwala ena omwe ali ndi vuto la hypoglycemic ali ndi njira yofananira yogwiritsira ntchito thupi, koma chinthu chinanso chogwira ntchito. Ndikofunika kudziwa kuti ndizoletsedwa kulowa Maninil m'malo mwake, chifukwa njira zoterezi sizingathandize pothandizidwa ndi matenda osokoneza bongo komanso kuwononga thanzi lanu.

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Zowopsa ndi Zopindulitsa

"Maninil" wodwala matenda ashuga amalembedwa modzipereka ku chipatala ndipo amadziwika kuti ndi mankhwala othandiza. Zimathandiza osati ndi shuga wambiri, zimapangidwanso kwa anthu athanzi kuti azitha kuthana ndi shuga m'magazi. Komabe, ngakhale imagwira bwino ntchito pochiritsira, ilinso ndi zovuta mu mawonekedwe okwanira a contraindication ndi zovuta. Chimodzi mwazinthu zowopsa kwambiri ndikupanga hypoglycemia, yomwe imayambitsa kuvulaza thupi.

Insulin Vozulim n: kuchitira mankhwala obwezeretsanso

Kukonzekera kwa insulin kumathandizira odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga. Amagawika nthawi yayitali ndikuwonjezera. Kutalika kwa zochita za anthu osiyanasiyana ndi kwamunthu aliyense payekha. Chifukwa chake, kusankha kwa mankhwala a insulin nthawi zambiri kumachitika mu chipatala.

Kuti muchite izi, onetsetsani kuchuluka kwa glycemia masana. Kenako dotolo amakupatsani mankhwala a insulin malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa kagayidwe, zakudya, zolimbitsa thupi, kuphatikiza mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mankhwala.

Kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamafuta ochulukitsa, kuchepa kwa magazi tsiku ndi tsiku, motero, kumachepetsa chiwopsezo cha matenda ashuga.

Malamulo oyambira a insulin

Nthawi zambiri, 23-59 IU ya insulin imapangidwa, iyi ndi pafupifupi 1 kg ya kulemera kwa thupi - 0.6 - 1.0 UNITS. Izi zobisika zimagawidwa basal ndi chakudya (bolus). Secaltion ya insaltion ya insulin imakwana pafupifupi 1 unit pa ola limodzi. Amalimbikitsidwa ndi chakudya, kupanga ndi kutulutsidwa kwa insulin - 1 gawo lililonse la 10 kapena 12 g lama chakudya (1XE).

Kufunika kwa insulin kumakulirakulira m'mawa, ndipo chidwi chimawonjezeka madzulo. Izi ndizofunikira pokonza dongosolo la kayendetsedwe ka mankhwala, chifukwa cholinga cha mankhwala a insulin ndikuwunikira insulin kukonzekera kwawo kwakanthawi katulutsidwe kake.

Njirayi imatchedwa maziko-aubus a insulin. Amayambitsa insulin mankhwala komanso kugwiritsa ntchito ma insulin opereka mankhwala. Yambitsani katulutsidwe ka insulin mwazonse, kupatula mafuta a shuga (glucose), ma amino acid ndi mapuloteni.

Insulin yoyambitsidwa ili ndi mayamwidwe osiyana, zomwe zimatengera zinthu izi:

Chofunika kwambiri mwa izi ndi awa:

• Kutentha kwa kukonzekera kwa insulin, kusungunuka kwake.
• Kuchuluka kwa yankho.
• Madera a jakisoni (mwachangu kuchokera pakhungu lam'mimba, pang'onopang'ono kuchokera ntchafu kapena phewa).
• Zochita zolimbitsa thupi.
• Odwala Zamakhalidwe Osavuta

Cholinga cha mankhwala a insulin: Vozulim N, zikuonetsa

Insulin imalembedwa kuti ikhale ndi metabolism ya carbohydrate. Moyenera, izi zikutanthauza kuti tikwaniritse shuga a magazi othamanga, kupewa kuchulukitsa pakatha kudya, pasakhale glucose mu mkodzo, palibe kuukira kwa hypoglycemia.

Zizindikiro zokwanira za kulondola kwa mankhwalawa ndikuchepetsa kapena kuchotsera zizindikiro zazikulu za matenda ashuga, kusowa kwa ketoacidosis, hyperglycemia, pafupipafupi matenda a hypoglycemia.

Pochizira mafupa, owerenga athu adagwiritsa ntchito DiabeNot bwino. Kuwona kutchuka kwa malonda, tidaganiza zoperekera chidwi chanu.

Chithandizo cha insulin chimakupatsani mwayi wokhala ndi thupi lolimbitsa thupi komanso kudya zakudya zomwe zili ndi zakudya zamafuta (kupatula zosavuta), khalani ndi kuchuluka kwa lipoproteins, cholesterol.

Cholinga chachikulu cha mankhwala a insulin ndi moyo wabwinobwino, luso lotha kuchezerana ndi anthu ena. Kusamalira moyenera ndi koyenera kwa insulini kumathandiza kupewa kapena kuchepetsa matenda amitsempha ndi mtima.

Zizindikiro zazikulu za mankhwala omwe ali ndi insulin ya matenda a shuga ndi awa:

1. Mtundu woyamba wa matenda ashuga.
2. Ketoacidosis (mitundu yosiyanasiyana).
3. Coma: hyperosmolar, ketoacidotic, lactic acidosis.
4. Matenda a zolimbitsa mwamphamvu komanso njira zopatsa mphamvu.
5. Chifuwa chachikulu
6. Kuchepetsa thupi mwadzidzidzi.
7. Pancreatitis yobwezeretsanso, kapamba, pancreatic necrosis.

Insulin imagwiritsidwa ntchito mosasamala mtundu wa matenda ashuga pakakhala michereopathies yoopsa yokhala ndi vuto la ziwalo, kuphwanya magazi muubongo ndi kulowetsedwa kwa myocardial, kulowererapo kwa maopareshoni.

Mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda a shuga a mellitus, insulin imasonyezedwanso kukana mankhwala omwe amayamba pakamwa komanso matenda oopsa a hypertriglyceridemia, amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati munthu alibe shuga.

Momwe mungalowe Vulim N?

Mankhwalawa ndi insulin yaumunthu, isofan, wopezedwa ndi ma genetic engineering. Fomu ya mlingo ndi kuyimitsidwa koyendetsedwa ndi khungu. Mililita imodzi imakhala ndi mapiritsi a 100 a insulin. Amapezeka m'mililita 10 ndi makatiriji okhala ndi voliyumu ya 3 ml.

Kuti mulowe Vozulim N, muyenera kudziwa momwe mungabayire insulin molondola. Asanayambitsidwe, muyenera kutenga vial kuchokera mufiriji mu mphindi 30. Onani tsiku lotulutsa ndi tsiku lotha ntchito. Mankhwala atha kapena atsegulidwa masiku opitilira 28 sangathe kutumizidwa.

Jakisoni amayenera kuchitidwa pokhapokha ngati atasamba ndi manja owuma pakhungu loyera (mowa sayenera kuzichotsa). Botolo la insulini Vozulim N lifunika kukukulira m'manja kuti mtundu wa kuyimitsidwa ukhale woyera, wopanda mitambo.

Ngati jakisoni wachitika ndi syringe, malamulo awa akuyenera kuonedwa:

• Osakhudza singano ndi chilichonse.
• Onani mosamala mlingo wa insulin.
• Malowo a jekeseni sayenera kukhala pafupi ndi timadontho (pafupi ndi 2,5 cm) kapena navel, simungathe kulowa m'malo ovulala kapena kutupa.
• Pambuyo pa jakisoni, syringe imayenera kukhala pansi pakhungu kwa masekondi ena asanu.
• Singano ndi syringe ziyenera kutayidwa mosamala pambuyo pobayira jakisoni.

Ndi kuyambitsa kwa mankhwala ndi syringe cholembera, muyenera kukhazikitsa dispenser pamlingo womwe mukufuna ndikudina batani loyambira. Pambuyo pake, gwiritsani cholembera kwa masekondi khumi osachotsa pakhungu. Singano yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito iyenera kutayidwa nthawi yomweyo.

Tsamba la jakisoni liyenera kusinthidwa, kudzipangira nokha. Kuti muchepetse kuwawa, muyenera kukhala ndi singano yopyapyala komanso yochepa.

Kodi Vulim N amachita bwanji pambuyo pa utsogoleri?

Vozulim N ndi nthawi yayitali yopanga insulin. Kuti ayambe kutsitsa shuga wamagazi, ayenera kulumikizana ndi cholumikizira chakumanzere chakunja. Vozulim N imapanga insulin + receptor zovuta zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zochita za biochemical intracellular reaction.

Kutsika kwa glycemia kumalumikizidwa ndi kuchuluka kwa shuga ndi maselo ndikuphatikizidwa kwake mu kagayidwe kazinthu ka glycolysis kwa mphamvu. Insulin imakhalanso ndi mwayi wokuthandizira kupangika kwa mafuta ndi glycogen. M'maselo a chiwindi, kupangidwa kwa mamolekyulu atsopano a shuga ndi kuwonongeka kwa masitolo a glycogen ndizoletsa.

Nthawi yochita insulin Vozulima N imachitika chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa mayamwidwe. Zimatengera zinthu zingapo: mlingo, njira, malo oyendetsera. Pankhaniyi, mawonekedwe a insulin amathandizira kusintha kwa odwala osiyanasiyana komanso kwa munthu yemweyo.

Mphamvu ya mankhwalawa imayamba ola limodzi pambuyo pa kukhazikitsa, kuchuluka kwake (pakati) ndizofunikira pakati pa maola 2 ndi 7, nthawi ya Vozulima N ndi maola 18-20. Imawonongeka ndi insulinase m'chiwindi. Imafufutidwa kudzera mu impso.

Zomwe mungagwiritse ntchito Vozulima N:

1. Itha kuperekedwa kwa amayi apakati komanso nthawi yoyamwitsa.
2. Jakisoni amachitidwa pansi pa khungu, yankho lake liyenera kukhala kutentha.
3. Kukhazikitsidwa munthawi yomweyo ndi insulin yochepa - Vozulim R.
4. Gwiritsani makatoni a syringe cholembera chokha.
5. Chifukwa cha kuthekera koperewera, kugwiritsa ntchito mapampu a insulin sikulimbikitsidwa.

Ngati insulini idalembedwa koyamba kapena yasintha, ndi kupsinjika kwakuthupi kapena kwamalingaliro, ndiye kuti kuchepetsedwa kotheka kuyendetsa galimoto ndikotheka. Kuwongolera kwa ukadaulo kukukhala ntchito yowopsa.

Chifukwa chake, salimbikitsa ntchito yofunika kuwongolera, kuthamanga kwa malingaliro ndi magalimoto.

Zotsatira zoyipa ndi zovuta

Kukhazikitsa insulin nthawi zambiri kumabweretsa kutsika kwa shuga m'magazi. Malingaliro a odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga sikuti nthawi zonse amawonetsa chithunzi chenicheni cha matenda. Mu diabetesic neuropathy, kuchepa kwakukulu kwa shuga m'magazi sikungadziwike, ndipo mu shuga yowola, ngakhale kuchepa pang'ono kwa glycemia kumadzetsa kusasangalala.

Zizindikiro za kuukira kwa hypoglycemic zimalumikizidwa ndi kuyambitsa kwachilengedwe kosasiyanitsa komanso kuperewera kwa michere ku ubongo. Thukuta, njala, manja akunjenjemera, nkhawa zamkati, dzanzi la milomo ndi lilime, kufooka kumawonekera.

Kuwonetsedwa kwa hypoglycemia kumachitika chifukwa ubongo ulibe malo ake ogulitsa glucose, ndipo zakudya zikachepetsa, zimakhudzana ndi hypoxia ndi chizungulire, kufooka, komanso zofunika pa chakudya. Kenako kutulutsa kwa mitsempha kumapititsidwa ku chida cha pituitary, mahomoni amasulidwa. Kutulutsa kwakasinthasintha kwakapangidwa kuti kubwezeretsanso glycemia.

Kuthandiza hypoglycemia m'magawo oyamba komanso pang'ono, ndikokwanira kumwa shuga, uchi, maswiti, mapiritsi a shuga. Ali m'mavuto akulu komanso kuvulala kwamatenda, odwala amayenera kupita kuchipatala komwe glucose amadzibaya kudzera m'matumbo ndipo glucagon amawabayira.

Pafupipafupi hypoglycemia mu matenda osokoneza bongo amatsogolera kukukula kwa insulin overdose syndrome (Somogy syndrome). Zizindikiro zake zamankhwala ndi izi:

1. Kufunika kwakukulu kwa insulin (kukana insulin yabodza).
2. Zochita zowonjezera za matenda ashuga (pseudolability).
3. Kulemera kosasunthika kapena kulemera kwakukulu ndi glycosuria yayikulu.
4. Kupititsa patsogolo kagayidwe kazakudya chifukwa cha matenda ophatikizika kapena kutsitsa mlingo.
5. Kuzindikira kwa moyo wabwino ndi kuchuluka kowonjezereka.
6. Kumva njala mosalekeza.
7. Kusintha kwakukulu m'magulu a shuga m'magazi ndi mkodzo.

Kukana insulini kumatha kukula, ngakhale mlingo wa 80 mayunitsi sabweretsa kufunika, ndipo ma antibodies a insulin amapezeka m'magazi. Kukana kwa insulin ndi kwakanthawi (ndi kuwonongeka, matenda, kuchuluka kwa matenda opatsirana kapena endocrine) komanso kupitilira.

Momwe zimachitikira kawirikawiri ndi insulin zimawonekera mu mawonekedwe a Quincke's edema kapena generalized urticaria, ndizosowa. Zomwe zimachitika mderalo zimadziwika ndi mawonekedwe a hyperemia, kutupa m'malo a jakisoni wa insulin kapena kuyabwa kwa khungu. Nthawi zambiri, mawonetseredwe akumalonda safuna chithandizo ndipo amazimiririka popanda zotsatirapo zake.

Lipodystrophy pamalo a jakisoni wa inulin, komanso njira ya atrophic pamatumbo amkati, pamene insulin yaumunthu ikuphatikizidwa, zimachitika ndikulakwira insulin, komanso kuwonongeka kwa odwala omwe akhudzidwa ndi kukonzekera kwa insulin. Popewa, muyenera kusintha tsamba la jakisoni.

Kumayambiriro kwa mankhwalawa ndi insulin kapena kuwonjezeka kwa mankhwala omwe amaperekedwa, insulin edema imayamba, yomwe imazimiririka osagwiritsa ntchito diuretics mwezi umodzi. Izi zimagwirizanitsidwa ndikukula kwa kayendedwe ka immunological ndi kusunga kwa sodium mu thupi.

Edema yotere imatha kutha kuwonongeka kwakanthawi koyamba kugwiritsa ntchito kukonzekera kwa insulin. Magalasiwo amasintha makulidwe ndipo odwala amapeza masinthidwe osakhalitsa amaso komanso kuwerenga. Izi zitha kupitilira masabata angapo ndipo sizifunikira chithandizo kapena kusankha magalasi kuti mukonze.
Kanemayo munkhaniyi akuwonetsa njira yoyendetsera insulin.

Katundu

Mankhwala Vozulim-N ndi nthawi yayitali yopanga insulini kukonzekera. Imalumikizana ndi cholandirira chapadera pa cytoplasmic membrane ya maselo ndikupanga insulini-receptor zovuta zomwe zimapangitsa njira zamagawo, kuphatikiza kaphatikizidwe kazinthu zingapo za michere (hexokinase, pyruvate kinase, glycogen synthase, etc.). Kutsika kwa shuga m'magazi kumachitika chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa kayendedwe ka intracellular, kuchuluka kwa mayamwidwe ndi minyewa, kukondoweza kwa lipoxandis, glycogenogeneis, kutsika kwa kuchuluka kwa shuga ndi chiwindi, etc. Kutalika kwa kukonzekera kwa insulin kumatsimikiziridwa makamaka ndi kuchuluka kwa mayamwidwe, zomwe zimatengera zinthu zingapo (mwachitsanzo, mlingo , njira ndi malo oyang'anira), mogwirizana ndi momwe mbiri ya insulini imasinthira kwambiri, mwa anthu osiyanasiyana komanso mwa munthu yemweyo. Kukhazikika kwa mankhwala ndi ola limodzi pambuyo pa kukonzekera, mphamvu yayikulu imakhala pakati pa maola awiri ndi asanu ndi atatu, kutalika kwa nthawi ndi maola 18-20.

Pharmacokinetics Kukwanira kwathunthu ndi kuyambika kwa mphamvu ya insulin kumadalira njira ya kasamalidwe (subcutaneally, intramuscularly), malo oyang'anira (m'mimba, ntchafu, matako), mlingo (kuchuluka kwa insulin), ndende ya insulin, mankhwalawa ndi zina zotere. ndi mkaka wa m'mawere. Amawonongedwa ndi insulinase makamaka m'chiwindi ndi impso. Amachotsa impso (30-80%).

Kutulutsa mawonekedwe, kapangidwe kake ndi ma CD

3 ml - makatoni (1) - matumba otupa (1) - mapaketi a makatoni.
10 ml - mabotolo (1) - matumba otupa (1) - mapaketi a makatoni.

Nthawi Yapakatikati Insulin (ATX A10AC)

Mndandanda wazofanana ndi mitengo

Protafan NM - malangizo a boma ogwiritsira ntchito (abstract)

Pali zotsutsana. Funsani dokotala musanatenge.

Ma insulin onse ali pano.

Mankhwala a shuga a Type 2 ali pano.

Mankhwala onse omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu endocrinology ali pano.

Mutha kufunsa funso kapena kusiya ndemanga yokhudza mankhwalawa (chonde musayiwale kufotokoza dzina la mankhwalawo m'lemba la meseji) apa.

Kukonzekera Kwapakatikati Kokhala ndi Insulin Yopanga Maumunthu a Insulin (Insulin Yaumunthu, ATX Code (ATC) A10AC01):

Kodi generic ndiyiti yabwino?

Zotsatira za pharmacological

Vozulim 30/70 ndi nthawi yayitali anthu akukonzekera insulin kukonzekera. Kapangidwe ka mankhwalawa kumaphatikiza insulin (30%) ndi insulin-isophan (70%).

Imalumikizana ndi cholandirira chapadera pa cell ya cytoplasmic maselo ndikupanga insulini-receptor zovuta zomwe zimapangitsanso njira zina, kuphatikizapo

kaphatikizidwe angapo ofunikira a michere (hexokinase, pyruvate kinase, glycogen synthase, etc.).

Kutsika kwa shuga m'magazi kumachitika chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa kayendedwe ka intracellular, kuchuluka kwa minofu, kukondoweza kwa lipogenesis, glycogenogeneis, kuchepa kwa kuchuluka kwa shuga ndi chiwindi, etc.

Kutalika kwa nthawi ya kukonzekera kwa insulin kumachitika makamaka chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa mayamwidwe, zomwe zimatengera zinthu zingapo (mwachitsanzo, pa mlingo, njira ndi malo oyang'anira), chifukwa chake zochitika za insulin zimasinthasintha kwambiri, mwa anthu osiyanasiyana komanso chimodzimodzi munthu.

Kukhazikika kwa zochita pambuyo pa kayendetsedwe ka subcutaneous ndi pambuyo pa mphindi 30, mphamvu yayitali imakhala pambuyo pa maola 2-8, nthawi yochita mpaka maola 24.

Mlingo

Mankhwala anaupanga subcutaneous makonzedwe. Mlingo ndi nthawi ya makonzedwe a mankhwala amatsimikiziridwa ndi dokotala payekhapazokha malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa shuga. Pafupifupi, tsiku lililonse mlingo wa mankhwalawa umachokera ku 0,5 mpaka 1 IU / kg thupi (kutengera umunthu wa wodwalayo komanso kuchuluka kwa shuga).

Kutentha kwa insulin yoyenera kuyenera kukhala kutentha kwambiri. Mankhwalawa nthawi zambiri amaperekedwa pachiwuno. Jakisoni amathanso kuchitika mkati mwa khoma lakunja, matako kapena paphewa pang'onopang'ono. Ndikofunikira kusintha malo a jekeseni mkati mwa anatomical dera kuti muchepetse kukula kwa lipodystrophy.

Odwala omwe ali ndi mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda a shuga amatha kupatsidwa mankhwala enaake ngati mankhwala a Vozulim 30/70 (kaperekedwe kochepa ka 2 patsiku), kapena kuphatikiza mankhwalawa ndi othandizira pakamwa. Gwiritsani cartridge ndi syringe cholembera chokha.

Zotsatira zoyipa

Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa kagayidwe kazakudya: hypoglycemic zinthu (pallor of the khungu, thukuta kwambiri, palpitations, kugwedeza, njala, kukwiya, paresthesia wa m`kamwa mucosa, kupweteka kwa mutu). Matenda oopsa a hypoglycemia angayambitse kukula kwa chikomokere kwa hypoglycemic.

Zotsatira zoyipa: zotupa pakhungu, edema ya Quincke, chosowa kwambiri - kugwedezeka kwa anaphylactic.

Zomwe zimachitika: Hyperemia, kutupa ndi kuyabwa pamalowo jekeseni, ndikugwiritsa ntchito nthawi yayitali - lipodystrophy pamalo opangira jekeseni.

Zina: kutupa, zolakwika zosakhalitsa (nthawi zambiri kumayambiriro kwa mankhwala).

Mimba komanso kuyamwa

Palibe choletsa kuchiza matenda osokoneza bongo a shuga ndi insulin pa nthawi yomwe ali ndi pakati, popeza insulin siyidutsa chotchinga. Mukakonzekera kukhala ndi pakati komanso panthawi imeneyi, ndikofunikira kulimbikitsa chithandizo cha matenda ashuga. Kufunika kwa insulin nthawi zambiri kumachepera mu trimester yoyamba ya kutenga pakati ndipo kumawonjezeka pang'onopang'ono kwachiwiri komanso kachitatu.

Nthawi yobadwa pambuyo pokhapokha ndipo mwayamba kubadwa, zofunika za insulin zimatha kugwa kwambiri. Pambuyo pobadwa, kufunikira kwa insulin kumabwereranso msanga momwe kunaliri asanakhale ndi pakati.

Palibe choletsa pa chithandizo cha matenda osokoneza bongo a shuga ndi insulin panthawi yoyamwitsa.

Komabe, zingakhale zofunikira kuchepetsa mlingo wa insulini, chifukwa chake, kuwunikira mosamala kwa miyezi ingapo ndikofunikira mpaka pakufunika kwa insulin.

Malangizo apadera

Potengera maziko a mankhwala a insulin, kuyang'anira kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi ndikofunikira.

Zomwe zimayambitsa hypoglycemia kuwonjezera pa insulin yochulukirapo imatha kukhala: kuthana ndi mankhwala, kudumpha chakudya, kusanza, kutsegula m'mimba, kuchuluka kwa zochitika zolimbitsa thupi, matenda omwe amachepetsa kufunikira kwa insulin (chiwindi ndi matenda a impso, hypofunction ya adrenal cortex, pituitary kapena chithokomiro cha chithokomiro), kusintha kwa jekeseni wa jekeseni, komanso kuyanjana ndi mankhwala ena.

Dosing yolakwika kapena kusokonezedwa mu kayendetsedwe ka insulin, makamaka kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda amtundu wa 1, angayambitse matenda a hyperglycemia. Nthawi zambiri, zizindikiro zoyambirira za hyperglycemia zimayamba pang'onopang'ono kwa maola angapo kapena masiku.

Izi zimaphatikizapo ludzu, kukodza kwambiri, kusanza, kusanza, chizungulire, khungu ndi kuwuma pakhungu, pakamwa pouma, kusowa chilimbikitso, kununkhira kwa acetone mu mpweya wotuluka.

Ngati sanalandire, hyperglycemia mu mtundu 1 wa shuga angayambitse kukula kwa matenda ashuga a ketoacidosis.

Mlingo wa insulini uyenera kukonzedwa ngati vuto la chithokomiro lawola, matenda a Adzison, hypopituitarism, chiwindi ndi impso, komanso matenda a shuga opitirira zaka 65.

Kuwongolera mlingo wa insulin kungafunikenso ngati wodwala akuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa zolimbitsa thupi kapena asintha zakudya zomwe amakonda. Matenda onga, makamaka matenda ndi machitidwe omwe amayambitsidwa ndi malungo, amalimbikitsa kufunika kwa insulini.

Kusintha kuchokera ku mtundu wina wa insulin kupita ku wina kuyenera kuchitika mothandizidwa ndi kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi.

Mankhwala amachepetsa kulolera kwa mowa.

Chifukwa cha kuthekera kwanyengo m'matumba ena, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa m'mapampu a insulin sikulimbikitsidwa.

Simungathe kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa ngati, mutagwedezeka, kuyimitsidwa sikusintha kukhala koyera kapena koyipa kwambiri.

Kukopa pa luso loyendetsa magalimoto ndi machitidwe oongolera Pokhudzana ndi cholinga chachikulu cha insulini, kusintha kwa mtundu wake kapena pamaso pamavuto akuthupi kapena amisala, ndizotheka kuchepetsa kuyendetsa galimoto kapena kusamalira machitidwe osiyanasiyana, komanso kuchita zochitika zina zowopsa zomwe zimafuna chidwi chochulukirapo komanso kuthamanga kwa malingaliro ndi ma mota.

Kuyanjana kwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo

Mankhwala osagwirizana ndi mayankho a mankhwala ena. Pali mankhwala angapo omwe amakhudza kufunika kwa insulin.

Hypoglycemic zotsatira za insulin patsogolo kusankha beta-blockers, quinidine, kwinini, ndi chloroquine, monoamine oxidase zoletsa, angiotensin akatembenuka zoletsa enzyme, carbonic anhydrase zoletsa, octreotide, bromocriptine, sulfonamides, anabolic mankhwala, tetracyclines, clofibrate, ketoconazole, mebendazole, pyridoxine, theophylline, cyclophosphamide, fenfluramine, Kukonzekera kwa lifiyamu, kukonzekera komwe kumakhala ndi ethanol.

Zotsatira za hypoglycemic za insulin zimaphatikizidwa ndi glucagon, somatropin, estrogens, kulera kwamkamwa, glucocorticosteroids, iodine yokhala ndi mahomoni a chithokomiro, thiazide diuretics, diopture, loopin, tricyclic antidepressants, grininoloraminos, grininaminor, grininaminor, grininaminor, grininaminor. njira za calcium, diazoxide, morphine, phenytoin, nikotini.

Reserpine, salicylates amathanso kukulitsa ndikuchepetsa mphamvu ya insulin.

Migwirizano ndi magwiritsidwe akusungidwa

Pamalo amdima pakutentha kwa 2 ° C mpaka 8 ° C. Osamawuma. Pewani kufikira ana. Mankhwala akugwiritsidwa ntchito ayenera kusungidwa ndi kutentha kwa 15-25 ° C osapitirira masabata 6.

Tsiku lotha ntchito. Zaka 2 Osagwiritsa ntchito tsiku lotha ntchito lisindikizidwe pa phukusi.

Vozulim: malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito, mtengo, ndemanga ndi analogi

Mankhwalawa adapangidwa kuti apangitse kukana kwa mankhwala a pakamwa a hypoglycemic. Malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito amafunika kuti wodwalayo adziwe bwino zomwe zimachitika ndi mankhwala a "Vozulim".

Mlingo ndi makonzedwe:

Mankhwala anaupanga subcutaneous makonzedwe. Mlingo ndi nthawi ya makonzedwe a mankhwala amatsimikiziridwa ndi dokotala aliyense payekha, potengera kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Pafupifupi, tsiku lililonse mlingo wa mankhwalawa umachokera ku 0,5 mpaka 1 IU / kg thupi (kutengera umunthu wa wodwalayo komanso kuchuluka kwa shuga).

Kutentha kwa insulin yoyenera kuyenera kukhala kutentha kwambiri.

Mankhwalawa nthawi zambiri amaperekedwa pachiwuno. Jakisoni amathanso kuchitika mkati mwa khoma lakunja, matako kapena paphewa pang'onopang'ono.

Ndikofunikira kusintha malo a jekeseni mkati mwa anatomical dera kuti muchepetse kukula kwa lipodystrophy.

Vozulim-N imatha kuthandizidwa payekha kapena kuphatikiza ndi insulin yochepa (Vozulim-P).

Gwiritsani cartridge ndi syringe cholembera chokha.

Zomwe Mungagwiritse Ntchito:

Gwiritsani ntchito panthawi yoyembekezera komanso mkaka wa m`mawere. Palibe choletsa kuchiza matenda osokoneza bongo a shuga ndi insulin pa nthawi yomwe ali ndi pakati, popeza insulin siyidutsa chotchinga. Mukakonzekera kukhala ndi pakati komanso panthawi imeneyi, ndikofunikira kulimbikitsa chithandizo cha matenda ashuga. Kufunika kwa insulin nthawi zambiri kumachepera mu trimester yoyamba ya kutenga pakati ndipo kumawonjezeka pang'onopang'ono kwachiwiri komanso kachitatu.

Nthawi yobadwa pambuyo pokhapokha ndipo mwayamba kubadwa, zofunika za insulin zimatha kugwa kwambiri. Pambuyo pobadwa, kufunikira kwa insulin kumabwereranso msanga momwe kunaliri asanakhale ndi pakati. Palibe choletsa pa chithandizo cha matenda osokoneza bongo a shuga ndi insulin panthawi yoyamwitsa. Komabe, zingakhale zofunikira kuchepetsa mlingo wa insulini, chifukwa chake, kuwunikira mosamala kwa miyezi ingapo ndikofunikira mpaka pakufunika kwa insulin.

Potengera maziko a mankhwala a insulin, kuyang'anira kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi ndikofunikira.

Zomwe zimayambitsa hypoglycemia kuwonjezera pa insulin yochulukirapo imatha kukhala: kuthana ndi mankhwala, kudumpha chakudya, kusanza, kutsegula m'mimba, kuchuluka kwa zochitika zolimbitsa thupi, matenda omwe amachepetsa kufunikira kwa insulin (chiwindi ndi matenda a impso, hypofunction ya adrenal cortex, pituitary kapena chithokomiro cha chithokomiro), kusintha kwa jekeseni wa jekeseni, komanso kuyanjana ndi mankhwala ena.

Dosing yolakwika kapena kusokonezedwa mu kayendetsedwe ka insulin, makamaka kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda amtundu wa 1, angayambitse matenda a hyperglycemia. Nthawi zambiri, zizindikiro zoyambirira za hyperglycemia zimayamba pang'onopang'ono kwa maola angapo kapena masiku. Izi zimaphatikizapo ludzu, kukodza kwambiri, kusanza, kusanza, chizungulire, khungu ndi kuwuma pakhungu, pakamwa pouma, kusowa chilimbikitso, kununkhira kwa acetone mu mpweya wotuluka. Ngati sanalandire, hyperglycemia mu mtundu 1 wa shuga angayambitse kukula kwa matenda ashuga a ketoacidosis.

Mlingo wa insulin uyenera kukonzedwa kuti matenda a chithokomiro asokonekera, matenda a Addison, hypopituitarism, chiwindi ndi impso ntchito ndi anthu odwala azaka zopitilira 65.

Kuwongolera mlingo wa insulin kungafunikenso ngati wodwala akuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa zolimbitsa thupi kapena asintha zakudya zomwe amakonda.

Matenda onga, makamaka matenda ndi machitidwe omwe amayambitsidwa ndi malungo, amalimbikitsa kufunika kwa insulini.

Kusintha kuchokera ku mtundu wina wa insulin kupita ku wina kuyenera kuchitika mothandizidwa ndi kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi.

Mankhwala amachepetsa kulolera kwa mowa.

Chifukwa cha kuthekera kwanyengo m'matumba ena, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa m'mapampu a insulin sikulimbikitsidwa.

Simungathe kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa ngati, mutagwedezeka, kuyimitsidwa sikusintha kukhala koyera kapena koyipa kwambiri.

Kukopa pa kuyendetsa magalimoto ndi kayendedwe kazinthu. Pokhudzana ndi cholinga choyambirira cha insulini, kusintha kwa mtundu wake kapena kukhalapo kwa kupanikizika kwakukulu kwakuthupi kapena kwamalingaliro, ndizotheka kuchepetsa kuyendetsa galimoto kapena kuwongolera njira zosiyanasiyana, komanso kuchita zinthu zina zomwe zingakhale zowopsa zomwe zimafuna chidwi chochulukirapo komanso kuthamanga kwa malingaliro ndi magalimoto.

Pharmacokinetics

Ndi mayamwidwe yunifolomu, insulin ikufika pazipita plasma ndende pambuyo subcutaneous makonzedwe pambuyo 2-18 maola. Pankhaniyi, palibe chomanga mapuloteni a plasma. Mankhwalawa salowera mumkaka ndikuyamwa mkaka wa m'mawere.

Insulinase, protein isomerase kapena insulin proteinase imathandizira kuti insulin iwonongeke, ndipo molekyu yomwe imakhala ndi malo angapo a hydrolysis. Poterepa, ma metabolites omwe adapangidwa munjira imeneyi sagwira ntchito.

Kuyambira 30 mpaka 80% ya mankhwalawa amachotsedwa impso. Hafu ya moyo ndi maola 5-10 ndipo zimatengera kuyamwa kwa mafuta ochulukirapo.

Malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito (njira ndi Mlingo)

"Vozulim" adapangidwa kuti ayambitse mafuta osaneneka. Mlingo ndi nthawi yogwiritsira ntchito zimatsimikiziridwa ndi adotolo kutengera ndi zomwe zimapangitsa shuga m'magazi. Nthawi zambiri, zomwe zimachitika tsiku lililonse zimasiyana kuchokera ku 0,5 mpaka 1 IU / kg potengera zomwe wodwalayo ali nazo.

Kutentha kwa kuyimitsidwa kuyenera kukhala kutentha kwa chipinda. Tsamba lokhazikika la oyang'anira ndi gawo lochepa lamafuta la ntchafu. Kuilowetsa m'chigawo cha minofu yolumikizana, khoma lamkati ndi matako limaloledwa.

ZOFUNIKIRA Ndikofunikira kuti musinthe nthawi ndi nthawi malo a jekeseni kuti muchepetse lipodystrophy.

Odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a mtundu wachiwiri amatha kuthandizidwa ndi Vozulim osakanikirana ndi mankhwala ena a hypoglycemic (kugwiritsa ntchito mkamwa), komanso monotherapy.

Tiyeni Pole Royal

Chinthu chofunikira kwambiri m'moyo wa munthu aliyense wodwala matenda ashuga ndi cholembera cha insulin. Kupanga kumeneku kumapangitsa moyo kukhala wosavuta kwa mamiliyoni a odwala padziko lonse lapansi. Kupatula apo, ngati cholembera chilili pafupi, wodwalayo sayenera kupita kukathandizidwa ndi anamwino kuti apeze insulin yoyenera.

Kulumpha kakang'ono kwambiri m'm shuga kungayambitse zovuta, kotero kugula jakisoni ndi gawo loyamba la moyo wathunthu.

Zotsatira zoyipa:

Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa kagayidwe kazakudya: michere yam'mimba (thukuta la pakhungu, kuchuluka thukuta, kugunda, kugwedezeka, njala, kukwiya, paresthesia wa mucosa wamkamwa, mutu). Matenda oopsa a hypoglycemia angayambitse kukula kwa chikomokere kwa hypoglycemic.

Zotsatira zoyipa: zotupa pakhungu, edema ya Quincke, chosowa kwambiri - mantha anaphylactic.

Zomwe zimachitika m'deralo: hyperemia, kutupa ndi kuyabwa pamalowo jakisoni, ndikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali - lipodystrophy pamalo opaka jekeseni.

Ena - edema, zolakwika zosakhalitsa (nthawi zambiri kumayambiriro kwa mankhwala).

Mogwirizana ndi mankhwala ena:

Mankhwala osagwirizana ndi mayankho a mankhwala ena.

Pali mankhwala angapo omwe amakhudza kufunika kwa insulin.

Hypoglycemic zotsatira za insulin patsogolo kusankha beta-blockers, quinidine, kwinini, ndi chloroquine, monoamine oxidase zoletsa, angiotensin akatembenuka zoletsa enzyme, carbonic anhydrase zoletsa, octreotide, bromocriptine, sulfonamides, anabolic mankhwala, tetracyclines, clofibrate, ketoconazole, mebendazole, pyridoxine, theophylline, cyclophosphamide, fenfluramine, Kukonzekera kwa lifiyamu, kukonzekera komwe kumakhala ndi ethanol.

Zotsatira za hypoglycemic za insulin zimaphatikizidwa ndi glucagon, somatropin, estrogens, kulera kwamkamwa, glucocorticosteroids, iodine yomwe imakhala ndi mahomoni a chithokomiro, thiazide diuretics, diopture, loopin, tricyclic antidepressants, grapinthamini, pulogineth, granthapine, granthoramine. njira za calcium, diazoxide, morphine, phenytoin, nikotini.

Reserpine, salicylates amathanso kukulitsa ndikuchepetsa mphamvu ya insulin.

Malo osungira:

Sungani pamalo amdima pa kutentha kwa +2 ° С mpaka +8 ° С. Osamawuma. Pewani kufikira ana. Mankhwala akugwiritsidwa ntchito ayenera kusungidwa ndi kutentha kwa 15-25 ° C osapitirira masabata 6. Moyo wa alumali ndi zaka 2. Osagwiritsa ntchito tsiku lotha ntchito lisindikizidwe pa phukusi.

Malo opumulira:

Kuyimitsidwa kwa subcutaneous makonzedwe a 100 IU / ml.

3 ml mu magalasi osayimira magalasi (mtundu I). Zolemba zimaphatikizika ndi cartridge. Makatoni amtundu umodzi kapena asanu amayikidwa mu chithuza cha PVC / aluminium foil.

10 ml mu Mbale za galasi lopanda utoto, losindikizidwa ndi zopumira komanso zopindika ndi zotumphukira za aluminiyamu ndi kapu ya chitetezo cha pulasitiki.

Bokosi lirilonse kapena chithuza chilichonse chokhala ndi cartridge nambala 1 kapena nambala 5 imayikidwa mu katoni kadongosolo komanso malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito.

Malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito Protafan NM kuti apatsidwe wodwala

Mbale zokhala ndi mankhwala a Protafan NM zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi ma insulin, pomwe muyeso umayikidwa, womwe umalola kuyeza muyeso wa mankhwala.

Mbale zokhala ndi mankhwala a Protafan NM zimapangidwira anthu okha.

Musanayambe kugwiritsa ntchito botolo latsopano la Protafan HM, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti mankhwalawa azitentha kutentha kwa chipinda musanayambike.

Musanagwiritse ntchito mankhwala a Protafan NM ndikofunikira:

1. Chongani ma CD kuti muwonetsetse kuti mtundu woyenera wa insulin ndi wosankhidwa.
2. Muzipetsa mankhwala oyimitsa ndi mphira.

Mankhwala a Protafan NM sangathe kugwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zotsatirazi:

1. Osagwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa pamapampu a insulin.
2. Ndikofunikira kuti odwala afotokozere kuti ngati chipika chatsopano chomwe chalandira kumene kuchokera ku mankhwala osavomerezeka sichikhala ndi chipewa chodzitchinjiriza kapena sichikhala mwamphamvu, insulin yotere iyenera kubwezeretsedwa ku pharmacy.
3. Ngati insulin sinasungidwe bwino, kapena ngati yauma.
4. Ngati mukusakaniza zomwe zili munduyo molingana ndi malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito, insulin siyikhala yoyera komanso yamtambo.

Ngati wodwala agwiritsa mtundu umodzi wa insulini yokha:

1. Nthawi yomweyo musanayimbe, guduzani botolo pakati pa manja anu mpaka insuliniyo ikhale yoyera komanso yamitambo. Kupatsanso mphamvu kumathandizidwa ngati mankhwalawo ali ndi kutentha kwa chipinda.
2. Jambulani mpweya mu syringe muyezo wogwirizana ndi insulin yomwe mukufuna.
3. Lowani mlengalenga mu vala ya insulini: chifukwa ichi, cholembera chopukutira chimakhomedwa ndi singano ndipo piston imakankhidwa.
4. Sinthirani botolo la syringe pansi.
5. Lowani muyezo wa insulin yomwe mukufuna.
6. Chotsani singano mu vial.
7. Chotsani mpweya ku syringe.
8. Chongani mlingo woyenera.
9. Lowetsani nthawi yomweyo.

Ngati wodwala ayenera kusakaniza Protafan NM ndi insulin yochepa:

1. Pindani botolo ndi Protafan NM ("mitambo") pakati pama manja anu mpaka insulini itayamba kukhala yoyera ndi mitambo. Kupatsanso mphamvu kumathandizidwa ngati mankhwalawo ali ndi kutentha kwa chipinda.
2. Thirani mpweya mu syringe muyezo wofanana ndi mlingo wa Protafan NM ("mitambo" ya insulin). Lowetsani mpweya mu vidiyo ya insulin yamitambo ndikuchotsa singano mu vial.
3. Lowetsani mpweya mu syringe muyezo lofanana ndi mlingo wa insulin yochepa ("mandala"). Ikani mpweya mu botolo ndi mankhwalawa. Sinthirani botolo la syringe pansi.
4. Lowetsani mlingo wofunika wa insulin ("wazi"). Tulutsani singano ndikuchotsa mpweya ku syringe. Chongani mlingo woyenera.
5. Ikani singano mu botolo ndi Protafan HM ("mitambo" insulin) ndikutembenuza botolo ndikutsitsa syringe pansi.
6. Imbani mlingo womwe mukufuna wa Protafan NM. Chotsani singano mu vial. Chotsani mpweya mu syringe ndikuwonetsetsa ngati mulondola.
7. Ikani jekeseni wosakhalitsa komanso wautali wa insulin yomwe mwayilowetsa nthawi yomweyo.

Nthawi zonse muzingotenga nthawi yayitali komanso yayitali pochita zofananira monga tafotokozera pamwambapa.

Phunzitsani wodwala kuti azigwiritsa ntchito insulin m'njira imodzi monga tafotokozera pamwambapa.

1. Ndi zala ziwiri, sonkhanitsani khola, ndikulowetsani singano m'munsi mwa khola pafupi madigiri 45, ndi kubaya insulin pansi pakhungu.
2. Pambuyo pa jekeseni, singano imayenera kukhalabe pansi pakhungu kwa masekondi osachepera 6, ndikuonetsetsa kuti insulin idayikidwa kwathunthu.

Kuyimitsidwa kwa Vozulim-N (Vozulim-N) WOCKHARDT (India) kuyendetsa makina osokoneza bongo

Wothandizidwa ndi hypoglycemic, yemwe amakhala akuchita insulin yothandizidwa ndi majini, amafanana ndi insulin.

Kuyanjana ndi cholandirira kumtundu wakunja kwa maselo, ndikupanga insulini yolandirira. Mwa kukulitsa kaphatikizidwe ka cAMP (m'maselo amafuta ndi maselo a chiwindi) kapena kulowa mwachindunji mu cell (minofu), insulini yolandirira insulin imapangitsa njira zina, kuphatikizira kaphatikizidwe angapo ofunikira a michere (kuphatikizapo hexokinase, pyruvate kinase, glycogen synthetase).

Kutsika kwa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kumachitika chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa mayendedwe ake, kuchuluka kwa mayamwidwe ndi kutikita minofu, kukondoweza kwa lipogenesis, glycogenogeneis, kaphatikizidwe ka mapuloteni, komanso kuchepa kwa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi (kuchepa kwa kuchepa kwa glycogen).

Mayamwidwe ndi isanayambike zimadalira njira ya kasamalidwe (sc kapena intramuscularly), malo (pamimba, ntchafu, matako) ndi kuchuluka kwa jakisoni, kuchuluka kwa insulin. Amagawidwa mosiyanasiyana mu minyewa, samalowa mchotsekera chamkaka ndikuyamwa mkaka wa m'mawere. Imawonongeka ndi insulinase, makamaka m'chiwindi ndi impso. Amachotsa impso (30-80%).

Mtundu woyamba wa matenda a shuga 1. 2 Matendawa a shuga: gawo la kukana kwa othandizira pakamwa.

Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa kagayidwe kazakudya: michere yamkati (khungu la khungu, kuchuluka thukuta, kugunda, kugwedezeka, njala, kukwiya, paresthesia mkamwa, kupweteka pamutu). Matenda oopsa a hypoglycemia angayambitse kukula kwa chikomokere kwa hypoglycemic.

Zotsatira zamatsenga: kawirikawiri - zotupa pakhungu, edema ya Quincke, yosowa kwambiri - mantha anaphylactic.

Zina: edema, zolakwika zopanda kanthawi kochepa (nthawi zambiri kumayambiriro kwa mankhwala).

Zomwe zimachitika m'deralo: hyperemia, kutupa ndi kuyabwa pamalowo jakisoni, ndikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali - lipodystrophy pamalo opaka jekeseni.

Lowani s / c, nthawi 1-2 / tsiku, mphindi 30-45 musanadye chakudya cham'mawa. Tsamba la jakisoni liyenera kusinthidwa nthawi iliyonse. Mwapadera, kuyambitsa / m ndikotheka.

Mu / pakubweretsa insulin ya nthawi yayitali sikuloledwa.

Mlingo umayikidwa payekha, kutengera zomwe zili ndi shuga m'magazi ndi mkodzo, mawonekedwe a matendawa.

Zizindikiro: Kukula kwa hypoglycemia (thukuta lozizira, palpitations, kunjenjemera, njala, kukwiya, kusakhazikika, pallor, kupweteka mutu, kugona, kusowa poyenda, kuyankhula ndikuwonongeka kwamaso, kukhumudwa).Hypoglycemia imatha kubweretsa kuwonongeka kwakanthawi kapena kugwira ntchito kwa ubongo, chikomokere, ndi kufa.

Chithandizo: yankho la shuga kapena shuga mkati (ngati wodwalayo akudziwa), s / c, i / m kapena iv - glucagon kapena iv - glucose.

Kuyimitsidwa kwa oyang'anira sc.

10 ml - mabotolo agalasi (1) - makatoni.
3 ml - makatoni (1) - matumba otupa (1) - mapaketi a makatoni.

Mphamvu ya hypoglycemic imapangidwira ndi sulfonamides (kuphatikiza othandizira a hypoglycemic othandizira, sulfanilamides), Mao inhibitors (kuphatikiza furazolidone, procarbazine, selegiline), carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, ACE inhibitors, NSAIDs (kuphatikizapo

salicylates), anabolic steroids (kuphatikizapo

stanozolol, oxandrolone, methandrostenolone), androgens, bromocriptine, tetracyclines, clofibrate, ketoconazole, mebendazole, theophylline, cyclophosphamide, fenfluramine, lithiamu kukonzekera, pyridoxine, quinidine, quinine, ethlinequinine.

Glucagon, somatropin, GCS, njira zakulera zamkamwa, estrogens, thiazide ndi "loop" okodzetsa, calcium njira blockers, mahomoni a chithokomiro, heparin, sulfin pyrazone, sympathomimetics, danazole, tricyclic antidepressants, calcium chloride, moron, kuchepetsa hypoglycemic. chikonga, phenytoin, epinephrine, histamine H1 receptor blockers.

Beta-blockers, reserpine, octreotide, pentamidine akhoza zonse kutsitsa ndi kuchepetsa hypoglycemic zotsatira za insulin.

Mankhwala osagwirizana ndi mayankho ndi mankhwala ena.

Ndikofunikira kusintha malo a jekeseni mkati mwa anatomical dera kuti muchepetse kukula kwa lipodystrophy.

Poyerekeza ndi maziko a mankhwala a insulin, kuyang'anira kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi ndikofunikira.

Zomwe zimayambitsa hypoglycemia, kuwonjezera pa insulin yochulukirapo, imatha kukhala: kusintha kwa mankhwala, kuthina kudya, kusanza, kutsegula m'mimba, kuchuluka kwa zochitika zolimbitsa thupi, matenda omwe amachepetsa kufunikira kwa insulin (kuwonongeka kwa chiwindi ndi ntchito ya impso, hypofunction ya adrenal cortex, pituitary kapena chithokomiro cha chithokomiro), kusintha kwa malo jakisoni, komanso kucheza ndi mankhwala ena.

Kulephera kapena kusokoneza kwa insulin makonzedwe, makamaka kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda amtundu wa 1, angayambitse matenda a hyperglycemia. Nthawi zambiri, zizindikiro zoyambirira za hyperglycemia zimayamba pang'onopang'ono kwa maola angapo kapena masiku.

Izi zimaphatikizapo ludzu, kukodza kwambiri, kusanza, kusanza, chizungulire, khungu ndi kuwuma pakhungu, pakamwa pouma, kusowa chilimbikitso, kununkhira kwa acetone mu mpweya wotuluka.

Ngati sanalandire, hyperglycemia mu mtundu 1 wa shuga angayambitse kukula kwa matenda ashuga a ketoacidosis.

Mlingo wa insulin uyenera kusinthidwa kuti matenda a chithokomiro asokonekera, matenda a Addison, hypopituitarism, chiwindi ndi matenda a impso komanso matenda osokoneza bongo omwe ali ndi zaka zopitilira 65. Kusintha muyezo wa insulini kungafunikenso ngati wodwala akuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa zochita zolimbitsa thupi kapena asintha zakudya zomwe amakonda.

Matenda onga, makamaka matenda ndi machitidwe omwe amayambitsidwa ndi malungo, amalimbikitsa kufunika kwa insulini.

Kusintha kuchokera ku mtundu wina wa insulin kupita ku wina kuyenera kuchitika mothandizidwa ndi misempha yamagazi.

Mankhwala amachepetsa kulolera kwa mowa.

Pokhudzana ndi cholinga choyambirira cha insulini, kusintha kwa mtundu wake kapena kukhalapo kwa kupanikizika kwakukulu kwakuthupi kapena kwamaganizidwe, ndizotheka kuchepetsa kuyendetsa galimoto kapena kuwongolera njira zosiyanasiyana, komanso kuchita zochitika zina zowopsa zomwe zimafuna chidwi chochulukirapo komanso kuthamanga kwa malingaliro ndi magalimoto.

Pa nthawi ya pakati, ndikofunikira kuganizira za kuchepa kwa insulin mu trimester yoyamba kapena kuwonjezeka kwa trimesters yachiwiri ndi yachitatu. Nthawi yobadwa pambuyo pokhapokha ndipo mwayamba kubadwa, zofunika za insulin zimatha kugwa kwambiri.

Pa mkaka wa m`mawere, kuwunikira tsiku ndi tsiku kumafunikira kwa miyezi ingapo (mpaka kufunika kwa insulin kukhazikika).

Kufunika kwa insulin kumatha kusiyanasiyana ndi matenda a chiwindi.

Kufunika kwa insulin kumatha kusiyanasiyana ndi matenda a impso. Kusintha kwa insulin kumafunika chifukwa cha kulephera kwaimpso.

Kuyimitsidwa kwa Vozulim-N (Vozulim-N) WOCKHARDT (India) kuyendetsa makina osokoneza bongo

Vozulim-n - malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito Yandex.Health

Potengera maziko a mankhwala a insulin, kuyang'anira kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi ndikofunikira.

Zomwe zimayambitsa hypoglycemia kuwonjezera pa insulin yochulukirapo imatha kukhala: kuthana ndi mankhwala, kudumpha chakudya, kusanza, kutsegula m'mimba, kuchuluka kwa zochitika zolimbitsa thupi, matenda omwe amachepetsa kufunikira kwa insulin (chiwindi ndi matenda a impso, hypofunction ya adrenal cortex, pituitary kapena chithokomiro cha chithokomiro), kusintha kwa jekeseni wa jekeseni, komanso kuyanjana ndi mankhwala ena.

Dosing yolakwika kapena kusokonezedwa mu kayendetsedwe ka insulin, makamaka kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda amtundu wa 1, angayambitse matenda a hyperglycemia. Nthawi zambiri zizindikiro zoyambirira za hyperglycemia zimayamba pang'onopang'ono kwa maola angapo kapena masiku.

Izi zikuphatikiza mawonekedwe a ludzu, kukodza mwachangu, nseru, kusanza, chizungulire, khungu komanso kuwuma pakhungu, pakamwa pouma, kusowa chilimbikitso, kununkhira kwa acetone mu mpweya wotuluka.

Ngati sanalandire, hyperglycemia mu mtundu 1 wa shuga angayambitse kukula kwa matenda ashuga a ketoacidosis.

Mlingo wa insulin uyenera kusinthidwa kuti matenda a chithokomiro asokonekera, matenda a Addison, hypopituitarism, chiwindi ndi impso, komanso matenda oopsa a shuga kwa odwala azaka zopitilira 65.

Poona chiwopsezo cha mtima ndi chithokomiro chamatenda a hypoglycemia, kukonzekera kwa insulini kuyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mosamala kwa odwala omwe ali ndi vuto lalikulu la mitsempha ya m'mimba ndi matenda amitsempha.

Mosamala odwala omwe ali ndi proliferative retinopathy, makamaka osalandira chithandizo ndi Photocoagulation (laser coagulation) chifukwa choopsa cha amaurosis (khungu lathunthu).

Wodwalayo akachulukitsa mphamvu zolimbitsa thupi kapena asintha zakudya zomwe amakonda, kusintha kwa insulin kungafunike.

Matenda onga, makamaka matenda ndi machitidwe omwe amayambitsidwa ndi malungo, amalimbikitsa kufunika kwa insulini.

Kusamutsa wodwala ku mtundu wina wa insulin kapena kukonzekera kwa insulin kwa wopanga wina kuyenera kuchitika moyang'aniridwa ndi dokotala.

Mukamagwiritsa ntchito insulin pokonzekera limodzi ndi mankhwala a gulu la thiazolidinedione, odwala matenda a shuga 2 amatha kudwala kwamadzimadzi, zomwe zimawonjezera chiopsezo chotukuka ndikupitilira patsogolo kulephera kwa mtima, makamaka kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda amtima komanso kupezeka kwa vuto la matenda osachiritsika. kulephera kwa mtima. Odwala omwe amalandila chithandizo chotere ayenera kupendedwa pafupipafupi kuti adziwe zizindikiro za mtima kulephera. Ngati kulephera kwa mtima kumachitika, mankhwalawa akuyenera kuchitika molingana ndi momwe mankhwalawa alili. Poterepa, ndikofunikira kulingalira kuthekera kochotsa kapena kuchepetsa mlingo wa thiazolidatedione.

- lembani matenda ashuga 1

- lembani matenda a shuga 2: kutsutsana kwa othandizira pakamwa., kukana pang'ono kwa mankhwalawa (munthawi yophatikiza mankhwala), matenda omwewo

- Type 2 shuga mwa amayi apakati.

Kuyimitsidwa kwa kayendetsedwe ka SC

- kuchuluka kwa chidwi cha insulin kapena chilichonse cha mankhwala.

Mlingo ndi makonzedwe:

Mankhwalawa amapangidwira kukonzekera kwa sc pokhapokha. Mlingo wa mankhwalawa umatsimikiziridwa ndi dokotala aliyense payekhapayekha, potengera kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi.

Pafupifupi, tsiku lililonse mlingo wa mankhwalawa umachokera ku 0,5 mpaka 1 IU / kg thupi (kutengera umunthu wa wodwalayo komanso kuchuluka kwa shuga).

Odwala okalamba omwe amalandira insulin iliyonse, kuphatikiza Vosulim-H, ali pachiwopsezo cha hypoglycemia chifukwa cha kupezeka kwa matenda amtunduwu komanso kugwiritsa ntchito munthawi yomweyo mankhwala angapo. Pangakhale kofunikira kusintha mtundu wa insulin.

Odwala omwe ali ndi vuto la kuwonongeka kwa impso ndi kwa chiwindi ali pachiwopsezo cha hypoglycemia ndipo amafunikira kusintha kwa insulin komanso kuwunika pafupipafupi kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi.

Kutalika kwapakati pa insulin yaumunthu yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wa DNA.

Imalumikizana ndi cholandirira chapadera pa cell ya cytoplasmic maselo ndikupanga insulini-receptor zovuta zomwe zimapangitsanso njira zina, kuphatikizapo kaphatikizidwe angapo ofunikira a michere (hexokinase, pyruvate kinase, glycogen synthetase).

Kutsika kwa glucose m'magazi kumachitika chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa kayendedwe kazinthu zosafunikira, kuchuluka kwa mayamwa komanso kusokonekera kwa minofu, kukondoweza kwa lipogenesis, glycogenogeneis, ndi kuchepa kwa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi.

Kutalika kwa nthawi ya kukonzekera kwa insulin kumachitika makamaka chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa mayamwidwe, zomwe zimatengera zinthu zingapo (mwachitsanzo, pa mlingo, njira ndi malo oyang'anira), chifukwa chake zochitika za insulin zimasinthasintha kwambiri, mwa anthu osiyanasiyana komanso chimodzimodzi munthu.

Pafupifupi, pambuyo pa kayendetsedwe ka sc, imayamba kugwira ntchito pambuyo maola 1.5, kutalika kokwanira kumakhala pakati pa maola 4 ndi maola 12, nthawi yochita mpaka maola 24.

Zotsatira zoyipa chifukwa cha kagayidwe kazakudya kachulukidwe kazakudya: kuperewera kwa khungu, kuchuluka thukuta, palpitations, kugwedezeka, njala, kukwiya, paresthesia wa mucosa wamkamwa, kupweteka kwa mutu, chizungulire, kuchepa kwa maonekedwe acuity. Matenda oopsa a hypoglycemia angayambitse kukula kwa chikomokere kwa hypoglycemic.

Zotsatira zamatsenga: zotupa pakhungu, edema ya Quincke, kugwedezeka kwa anaphylactic.

Zomwe zimachitika m'deralo: hyperemia, kutupa ndi kuyabwa pamalowo jekeseni, ndikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali - lipodystrophy pamalo opaka jekeseni.

Zina: edema, kuchepa kwakanthawi kwamawonekedwe acuity (nthawi zambiri kumayambiriro kwa mankhwala).

Wodwalayo ayenera kudziwitsidwa kuti ngati adazindikira kukula kwa vuto la hypoglycemia kapena ngati ali ndi vuto loti azindikira, ayenera kudziwitsa dokotala nthawi yomweyo.

Ngati zovuta zina zomwe sizinafotokozeredwe pamwambapa zizindikirika, wodwalayo ayeneranso kukaonana ndi dokotala.

Mankhwala sayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati, mutagwedezeka, kuyimitsidwa sikusintha kukhala koyera komanso kwamitambo.

Potengera maziko a mankhwala a insulin, kuyang'anira kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi ndikofunikira.

Zomwe zimayambitsa hypoglycemia kuwonjezera pa insulin yochulukirapo imatha kukhala: kuthana ndi mankhwala, kudumpha chakudya, kusanza, kutsegula m'mimba, kuchuluka kwa zochitika zolimbitsa thupi, matenda omwe amachepetsa kufunikira kwa insulin (chiwindi ndi matenda a impso, hypofunction ya adrenal cortex, pituitary kapena chithokomiro cha chithokomiro), kusintha kwa jekeseni wa jekeseni, komanso kuyanjana ndi mankhwala ena.

Kulephera kapena kusokoneza kwa insulin makonzedwe, makamaka kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda amtundu wa 1, angayambitse matenda a hyperglycemia. Nthawi zambiri zizindikiro zoyambirira za hyperglycemia zimayamba pang'onopang'ono kwa maola angapo kapena masiku.

Izi zikuphatikiza mawonekedwe a ludzu, kukodza mwachangu, nseru, kusanza, chizungulire, khungu komanso kuwuma pakhungu, pakamwa pouma, kusowa chilimbikitso, kununkhira kwa acetone mu mpweya wotuluka.

Ngati sanalandire, hyperglycemia mu mtundu 1 wa shuga angayambitse kukula kwa matenda ashuga a ketoacidosis.

Pokhudzana ndi cholinga choyambirira cha insulin, kusintha kwa mtundu wake, kapena kupanikizika kwakukulu kwamthupi kapena m'maganizo, ndizotheka kuti muchepetse kuyendetsa magalimoto kapena njira zina, komanso kuchita zochitika zina zowopsa zomwe zimafuna chidwi chochulukirapo komanso kuthamanga kwa magwiridwe ..

Pali mankhwala angapo omwe amakhudza kufunika kwa insulin.

Hypoglycemic zotsatira za insulin patsogolo mankhwala m'kamwa hypoglycemic, Mao zoletsa, zoletsa Ace, carbonic zoletsa anhydrase, kusankha beta-blockers, bromocriptine, octreotide, sulfonamides, anabolic mankhwala, tetracyclines, clofibrate, ketoconazole, mebendazole, pyridoxine, theophylline, cyclophosphamide, fenfluramine, kukonzekera lifiyamu kukonzekera kokhala ndi Mowa.

Hypoglycemic zotsatira za insulin zimaphatikizidwa ndi glucagon, somatropin, estrogens, njira zakulera zamkati, corticosteroids, mankhwala okhala ndi chithokomiro, thiazide diuretics, "loop" diuretics, heparin, tricyclic antidepressants, graconid clonine, clonidine clonidine clon. , diazoxide, morphine, phenytoin, chikonga.

Mothandizidwa ndi reserpine ndi salicylates, kufooka komanso kuwonjezeka kwa machitidwe a mankhwalawa ndizotheka.

Ndi mitundu yanji ya syringe yomwe ilipo?

Pankhani ya matenda a shuga, mapangidwe a metabolic amapezeka pang'onopang'ono m'thupi chifukwa cha kusakhazikika kwa kapangidwe ka insulin. Chithandizo cha matenda a shuga amtundu woyamba chimakhudzana ndi kuphatikiza kwa mahomoni. Mfuti ya syringe idapangidwa kuti ipangitse mankhwalawo kulowa mthupi mwadzidzidzi. Pali mitundu ingapo ya majakisoni:

• Syringe yochokera pa singano yochotsa. Chachilendo cha ntchito ya cholembera ndikuti wodwalayo ayenera kuyika singano yatsopano nthawi iliyonse asanamwe mankhwalawo ndikuwupereka.
• Syringe yomwe ili ndi singano yopangidwa. Chipangizo chamtunduwu chimadziwika kuti singano ili ndi dzina lotchedwa "zone zone", yomwe imachepetsa chiopsezo chotaya insulini.

Kodi mungasankhe bwanji cholembera cha insulin?

Mfuti iliyonse ya insulin ya odwala matenda ashuga amapangidwa kuti ikwaniritse zofunikira zonse za odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga.

Piston ya chogwirira iyenera kupangidwa m'njira yoti ikhale yosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito jakisoni popanda kumva kuwawa. Mukamagula syringe ya insulini, ndikofunikira kuti mupereke chidwi ndi kuchuluka kwa chipangizocho.

Muyenera kusankha mfuti ya syringe yolemetsa, yokhala ndi chizindikiritso chomveka chomwe chimaperekedwa mukakhala kuti jakisoni walowa.

Dokotala amasankha kuchuluka kwa mankhwalawa, nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi mayunitsi a 0,5 kwa ana, ndi 1 unit kwa akuluakulu.

"Protafan NM Penfil"

Kugwiritsa ntchito kumaloledwa pokhapokha ngati jekeseni wamkati, sikuletsedwa kulowa mkati. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti musinthe jakisoni nthawi iliyonse.

Kuyimitsidwa kumawonetsedwa ngati gulu la insulin lomwe limakhala ndi nthawi yayitali yochitapo kanthu. Wopezeka m'makatoreji 5. Mukatha kugwiritsa ntchito Protafan, ndikofunikira kuwonetsetsa kuti singanoyo imachotsedwa mu syringe.

Kupanda kutero, mankhwalawa amatha kutayikira, zomwe zimakhala zowopsa ndikusintha kwake.

Rinsulin R

Kukonzekera kwa Rinsulin NPH kumapangidwira magwiridwe osinthika. Simungachulukitse mankhwalawa ngati adayamba kuzizira. Pezani thunthu ndi kaphatikizidwe, limakhala ndi nthawi yochepa yochitapo kanthu. Yogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi chida cha RinAstra. Imagwira ntchito pokhapokha ngati chinthucho chafikira kutentha m'chipinda.

"Let Carry-N Royal"

Kuti muthandizire insulin, mumafunikira Wozulim pen Royal insulin. Mankhwalawa amaphatikiza insulin yapakatikati komanso yochepa. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti musamale ndi odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a impso. Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pa nthawi yoyembekezera, mankhwalawa sawoloka placenta. Kutalika kwa kuyimitsidwa ndi maola 24.

Rosinsulin

Cholembera chosinthanso "Rosinsulin Comfort cholembera" chili ndi pulasitiki yopepuka. Wogwiritsa ntchito amatha kusintha mlingo, chipangizocho chimaphatikizapo gudumu lofewa la zida.

Chipangizocho chili ndi magawano omveka bwino mpaka 60. Zothandiza kwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto lowona. Cholembera chachitsime chidapangidwa kuti chigwiritsidwe ntchito kambiri ndi kuthekera kosintha katiriji.

Pali mwayi woti musinthe mtundu woyipa wolakwika. Kuphatikizanso ndi malangizo.

BiomaticPen

Chogwirira chimasiyana ndi ena opanga omwe amaponyedwa mosavuta ndi singano yopyapyala, yomwe imachepetsa ululu pang'ono.

BiomatikPen ndi yoyenera Biosulin, yomwe ingagulidwe m'sitolo yapadera kapena pa intaneti.

Chipangizocho chimakhala ndi pulogalamu yowonetsera pakompyuta yomwe imawonetsa kuchuluka kwa mankhwalawa. Musanalowe mu "Biosulin", muyenera kuwerenga malangizowo.

HumaPen Savvio

Syringe cholembera "Humapen Savvio" amapangidwira kuti asamapatsidwe shuga komanso matenda ashuga. Chochititsa chidwi ndi kapangidwe ka jakisoni.

Chipangizocho chimapangidwa ndi aluminiyumu, chosagwirizana ndi kuwonongeka kwa makina ndikakanda pamlandu. Chomaliza ndi kesi chimabwera thumba lomwe limatha kukhala ndi singano 6. Imapezeka mumitundu ingapo.

Okonzeka ndi makina ochotsera mawotchi komanso chida chodziimira pakamwa.

Autopen classic

Autopen Classic reusable insulin mfuti imagwirizana ndi mitundu ingapo ya insulin, monga Biosulin, Rosinsulin ndi ena.

Chipangizo cha Avtopen chitha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito ndi singano zonse zamtundu. Cholembera cha syringe ya Autopen chimaphatikizapo: chosakanizira cha dispenser, kesi yofewa, singano 3 zosalala (8 mm) ndi chipangacho chokha.

Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti muwerenge malangizo musanayambe kugwiritsa ntchito.

Kuwoneka kwa mfuti za insulin kunapangitsa kuti moyo ukhale wosavuta kwa anthu odwala matenda ashuga, ndipo zolembera za syringe ya SoloStar sizili choncho. Izi ndi zinthu zotayika za insulin.

Amapangidwa kuti azigwiritsa ntchito nokha, kupewa ngozi yotenga kachilomboka. Jakisoni aliyense amafunika kugwiritsa ntchito singano yatsopano, yomwe iyenera kuyikidwedwa isanayambike insulin.

Mukatha kugwiritsa ntchito, chogwiracho chimatsekedwa ndi chipewa, singano imachotsedwa kaye. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi insulin "Insuman Comb 25".

Humulin Mwachangu

Peni ya syringe ya QuickPen siili yotsika mtengo potchuka kwa opanga ena. Oyenera amayi apakati omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga a 2. Autopen classic syringe cholembera ndi Humulin Rapid ndi atsogoleri amsika.

Mosiyana ndi njira yoyamba, cholembera cha QuickPen ndichotheka kutulutsa, makonzedwe ake ndi kukonzekera kwa Humalog. Ntchito iliyonse ya Humulin, chida chitatayidwa, pensulo imayenera kusinthidwa.

Bokosi limaphatikizapo 5 zolembera 3 ml ya yankho lililonse.

Mawonekedwe a cholembera

Chizindikiro cha chipangizo chotere ndikuti pakukhazikitsa mitundu yambiri ya insulini, simufunikiranso kuyang'ana kwa anthu osavomerezeka. Poyambirira, katoni yosungirako imatha pafupifupi masiku 30, ndipo kenako imatayidwa.

Mu yachiwiri - zida zogwiritsidwanso ntchito zimakhala ndi makatoni omwe amakhala ndi cholembera kwa zaka zitatu. Chofunikira ndichakuti opanga amapanga zolembera ndi ma cartridge a mtundu womwewo, kotero kuti mupewe zovuta zomwe sizinachitike, ndibwino kugula magawo onse a chipangizocho.

Kupanda kutero, zinthu zochepa kapena zambiri zimalowa m'thupi.

Zofunikira

Chimodzi mwazinthu zofunikira zomwe cholembera chimayenera kukhala nacho ndi muyeso wokwanira bwino. Imawerengedwa kuti ndi njira yabwino kwambiri ngati mfuti ya jakisoni ilibe zopitilira 10 PIERESES, pomwe kuyikapo chizindikiro kumapangidwa mwanjira yoti mtengo wamtundu umodzi ndi 0,25 PIECES.

Ndikofunika kulabadira mawonekedwe a chipangizocho. Gawoli lirilonse liyenera kukhala patali kwambiri ndi mnzake kuti wodwalayo asakhale ndi mavuto pakusankha kwa mankhwalawo.

Izi ndizowona makamaka kwa okalamba ndi ogwiritsa ntchito zowonongeka.

Momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito moyenera?

Asanagule chida, anthu ambiri amaganiza za momwe zingakhalire zosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito pa moyo watsiku ndi tsiku. Sikuti aliyense angathe kudzipatula payekha, popanda kuthandizidwa ndi akunja, amagwiritsa ntchito jekeseni wa insulin, kupangira chidebe chosinthika. Dokotala ayenera kufotokozera wodwalayo momwe angagwiritsire ntchito bwino cholembera.

Pamaso jakisoni, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito pafupifupi 12. Chingwecho chimazungulira madigiri a 180. Izi zimapangidwa kuti zigwirizanitse zomwe zili mumfuti m'thumba. Windo lowonekera limapezeka m'thupi la chipangizocho, chomwe chimathandiza wodwala kuyenda muyezo loyika.

Kubaya insulin pansi pa khungu, batani limakanikizidwa ndipo pakatha masekondi 10 singano imachotsedwa m'thupi.

Kodi ndi singano iti yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito?

Mukamasankha chida, ndikofunikanso kuti muthane ndi chidwi ndi mtundu wa singano, chifukwa kwa jakisoni wa insulin ndizofunikira kwambiri. Mlingo wa ululu pakakonzedwe ka mankhwalawa zimatengera momwe singano imakulira.

Pogulitsa pamakhala masingano amitundu ingapo, omwe amachititsa kuti jakisoniyo ikhale popanda ngozi yolowera minofu ya minofu.

Ndizofunikira kugula singano 4-8 mm kutalika chifukwa ndizochepa thupi, ndipo izi zimathandizira kuyendetsa mankhwalawa.

Chidziwitsocho chimaperekedwa kuti chizidziwitso chokha chokha ndipo sichingagwiritsidwe ntchito pakudzipangira nokha mankhwala. Osadzinyengerera, zitha kukhala zowopsa. Nthawi zonse funsani dokotala. Pofuna kukopera mwatsatanetsatane kapena mwatsatanetsatane zinthu zomwe zili pamalowo, kulumikizana kwofunikira kukufunika.

Vosulin cholembera Royal insulin syringe cholembera

Pewani kufikira ana.

Kuyimitsidwa kwa oyang'anira sc.

10 ml - mabotolo agalasi (1) - makatoni.
3 ml - makatoni (1) - matumba otupa (1) - mapaketi a makatoni.

Kwa sc makonzedwe okha. Mlingo wa mankhwalawa umatsimikiziridwa ndi dokotala aliyense payekhapayekha, potengera kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi.

Pafupifupi, tsiku lililonse mlingo umachokera ku 0,5 mpaka 1 IU / kg kulemera kwa thupi (kutengera umunthu wa wodwalayo komanso kuchuluka kwa shuga).

Zotsatira zoyipa chifukwa cha kagayidwe kazachilengedwe: Hypoglycemic zinthu (pallor of the khungu, thukuta kwambiri, palpitations, kugwedeza, njala, kukwiya, paresthesia wa m`kamwa mucosa, kupweteka kwa mutu, chizungulire, utachepa kuwona acuity). Matenda oopsa a hypoglycemia angayambitse kukula kwa chikomokere kwa hypoglycemic.

Zotsatira zoyipa: zotupa pakhungu, edema ya Quincke, kuwopsa kwa anaphylactic.

Zomwe zimachitika: Hyperemia, kutupa ndi kuyabwa pamalowo jekeseni, ndikugwiritsa ntchito nthawi yayitali - lipodystrophy pamalo opangira jekeseni.

Zina: kutupa, kuchepa kwakanthawi pang'onopang'ono mu mawonekedwe acuity (nthawi zambiri kumayambiriro kwa chithandizo).