Moyo pambuyo pancreatic kuchotsedwa

Matenda amasintha moyo wa munthu, zizolowezi ndi mawonekedwe adziko. Komabe, matekinoloje amakono a zamakono amatha kupitiliza magwiridwe antchito ofunikira ngakhale mutamalizidwa kwathunthu kapena pang'ono pokha. Matumbo a dongosolo lodyera amafunika chithandizo chapadera. Makamaka, mawonekedwe a oncological omwe sangathe kuchiritsidwa pogwiritsa ntchito njira zothandizira. Ngakhale pali zoyenera kuchitidwa opaleshoni, ndizotheka kukhala ndi moyo ndikusangalala tsiku ndi tsiku.

Kuchotsa kapamba ndi gawo la ntchito zovuta kwambiri ndipo akukhulupirira kuti gawo lochiritsanso ndi lalitali komanso lovuta chifukwa chazolowera moyo watsopano.

Ntchito zolimbitsa thupi

Pancreas ili ndi zolinga ziwiri: secretory ndi enzymatic. Kupanga madzi a pancreatic, gululi limathandizira mwachindunji kuyamwa ndi kukonza zakudya. Popanda mapuloteni, zovuta zam'mimba komanso zomanga thupi za lipid, thupi lathu silingathe kugwira bwino ntchito ndikupitiliza kukhala ndi moyo. Chakudya chimakhala ndi zinthu zonse zofunikira zopatsa thanzi zomwe zimapezeka mu proteinol chifukwa cha michere ya kapamba.

Kugwira kwachiwiri kwa thupi ndi kuphatikizira kwa mahomoni. Insulin ndi glucagon zimathandizira pa kayendetsedwe kazinthu zopatsa mphamvu m'thupi. Ndi insulin yomwe imayang'anira kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Hormone imapangidwa ndi ma cell apadera - zisumbu za Langerhans, zomwe zimacheperachepera m'thupi ndi zaka. Ngati kupanga kwa mahomoni kusokonezeka kapena kutulutsa timadzi tating'onoting'ono ta ku Langerhans, ndiye kuti shuga imayamba.

Kuphwanya kulikonse mu ntchito ya kapamba kumayambitsa kuchepa kwamphamvu kwa ntchito m'mimba, chikhodzodzo ndulu ndizovuta kwambiri ndipo cholecystitis imayamba. Ndi zowonongeka ndi kusakanikirana kwa maselo kapamba, kutupa kwa ziwalo parenchyma kumachitika, komwe kumakwiyitsa kapamba.

Matendawa amathandizidwa ndi njira zolembera, osagwiritsa ntchito othandizira opaleshoni. Komabe, kutupa ndi komwe kumapangitsa matenda ena am'mapapo. Kodi zikondazo zimachotsedwa pamaso pa calculi yayikulu, njira za necrotic, komanso zotupa zamitundu yonse? Ndipo kodi munthu angakhale ndi moyo popanda chamba mokwanira komanso moyenera?

Pali zochitika zochepa pamene kuli kofunikira kuchotsa kapamba. Ntchitozi zimangokhala ngati njira yomaliza. Nthawi zambiri, njira yotupa ndi mavuto omwe akutuluka amayesedwa kuti athetse ndi mankhwala.

Zizindikiro zochotsa

Kuchotsa kwa pancreatic kumagwira ntchito pamatenda:

The pachimake ndondomeko kapamba, zikuchitika kwambiri mawonekedwe ndi kusowa koyenera mankhwala mankhwala ndi njira zina,
Hemorrhagic mtundu wa kapamba, yemwe amadziwika ndi kukha magazi kwambiri,
Kusintha kwa ma pancreatic necrotic - kufa kwa maselo,
Zotupa za purulent
Cysts yayikulu ndi cysts yayikulu yokhala ndi secretion
Fistulas mbali iliyonse ya thupi.

Momwe zimapangitsa kuti kapamba achotsedwe ngati sakhudzidwa ndi kutupa:

Zoopsa pambuyo pa ngozi, mabala, etc.,
Blockage ndi mwala wamtundu uliwonse mu nkhokwe,
Peritonitis ya m'mimba yonse,
Kuchita maopaleshoni osagwira pamimba, ndikupatsanso zolemetsa kapamba,
Zilonda zopweteka kapena zotupa,
Kusintha kobadwa nako ndi kusintha kwa chithokomiro,
Vuto lonyowa.

Pakati pa zonse zomwe amachitidwa opaleshoni, chomwe chimachitika kwambiri ndikuchotsa adenocarcinoma, yomwe imadziwika ndi kukula kwamphamvu mu minofu yapafupi. Ndizoyipa zomwe zimatsogolera pakukonda pang'ono. Kuchotsa kwathunthu kwa kapamba kumatchedwa kuti pancreatoduodenectomy ndipo ndikosowa.
Kodi chidzachitike ndi chiyani ngati kapamba achotsedwa?

Ma opaleshoni othandizira kuyambiranso kwa kapamba ndizovuta chifukwa imapezeka kumbuyo kwa m'mimba, pakati pa matumbo ang'onoang'ono ndi chiwindi. Chifukwa chake, nthawi yogwira ntchito ndiosachepera maola asanu.

Kuchotsa pang'onopang'ono kumabweretsa kutsata kwa moyo wonse ndi mfundo zomwe zingasungidwe, zomwe zimachepetsa zakudya komanso kumwa mankhwala. Ubwino wamoyo pambuyo poti ziwalo za chiwalo zimadalira munthu mwiniyo.

Chotsani njira

Njira zochizira zochotsera zimachepetsedwa kukhazikitsidwa kwa laparoscopic kwa endoscope ndi scalpel kulowa m'matumbo am'mimba ndikutseguka ntchito zam'mimba. Ubwino wa njira yoyamba ndiyjira yaying'ono, kutseka kwa bala (matenda amachepetsa) ndikuwonetsa zochita ndi viscera pazenera. Ubwino wa njira yachiwiri ndi mwayi wofikira komanso kutha kuwona chithunzithunzi cha njira yotupa.
Ntchito zochotsa kapamba zimagawidwa malinga ndi gawo lomwe lidzapezeke:

Kutalikirana kwakuthupi. Kusangalatsa kwa minofu yomwe imatchulidwira kumadera akutali kumachitidwa. Timbulu tating'onoting'ono nthawi zambiri timakola ndipo ndulu, yomwe imakhudzidwanso ndi zotupa, imadulidwa pofuna kupewa zovuta.
Kutalikirana kwapakati. Ntchito yovuta kwambiri: kulowererapo kumachitika pokhapokha pa mabwalo ndi madipatimenti oyamba. Pa laporotomy, pancreatoenteroanastomosis imapangidwa pawiri.
Ntchito yapansi. Muli pafupifupi extirpation yonse, komanso imathandizira pakuchotsa ndulu. Patsala gawo laling'ono la minofu lomwe limakhomekeka mwamphamvu pa duodenum.
Corpus caudal resection. Ntchito zoterezi zimachitika pamaso pa chotupa m'magawo kapena m'thupi. Komanso kuyang'ana kwa ndulu (splenectomy) kumachitika. Opaleshoniyo ndi yayitali chifukwa cha kuthekera kwa mwayi wamba.

Zikondazo zimatha kuwonongeka pakapita zaka ndi zochita zosayenera za anthu, ndipo zimatha kuyankha pompopompo pazinthu zoyambitsa, chifukwa chake ntchito yochotsa yakonzekera kapena mwadzidzidzi. Kwa madotolo, ntchito yomwe adayikonzekera ndikuyikonzekera imakhala ndikupanga zolinga zina, pomwe amagwiritsa ntchito mitundu yonse yaukadaulo kuti asunge minofu yathanzi. Chifukwa chake, ndi mitundu yonse yazinthu zosalongosoka, njira zolakwika zofunika zimachitika:

Kusokonezeka kwa parenchyma kuti muchepetse edema mu kapamba kapamba,
Necratomy imakhala ndi malo owoneka bwino a chithaphwi, osakhudza minofu yathanzi,
Anastomoses: biliodigestive kapena gastropancreatoduodenal. Njira iyi imakhala ndikukhomera nguluwe kapamba ndi ndulu ya bile kapena ndi m'mimba.
Kuchulukana kwa ma cysts, ma abscesses ndi mawonekedwe ena popanda kukhudza minofu yathanzi.

Pancreatectomy ndikutulutsa kwathunthu kwa thupilo. Ngati vuto loletsa kupweteka ndi vuto lochotsa ziwalo, ndiye kuti chemotherapy iyenera kuchitidwa musanachite opareshoni.

Pakupanga opaleshoni, zovuta zimatha, monga kutulutsa magazi, kukulitsa malo opangira opaleshoni, kuwonongeka kwa ziwalo zoyandikana, zovuta zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha opaleshoni yayikulu, komanso mankhwala ena. Kupita patsogolo kwa matenda opatsirana kumatha kuchitika mwa okalamba, ndi mayankho ochepa oteteza thupi komanso kufooka thupi, komanso pamaso pa minofu yodwala (mwachitsanzo, mano oopsa, matenda a pakhungu, ndi zina zotero).

Kukonzanso nthawi

Momwe mungakhalire opanda chamba pambuyo pakuchita opaleshoni? Kumayambiriro kwenikweni pambuyo pakupita kwa madokotala a opaleshoni, wodwala amakhala m'manja mwawo okhazikika. Saloledwa kudya kwa nthawi yoyamba kwa masiku atatu. Imwani madzi patsiku lachiwiri. Odwala atachitidwa opaleshoni saloledwa kudzuka tsiku loyamba kapena awiri kuti apewe kusinthasintha kwa magazi ndi magazi. Mankhwala opweteka amayikidwa, nthawi zina mu mawonekedwe a narcotic.

Atatuluka m'chipatala, pamasiku 20 mpaka 20, wodwalayo ayenera kulingalira bwino za moyo wamtsogolo, zomwe zimaphatikizapo kudya atachotsa kapamba ndi kulandira mankhwala.

Malinga ndi malangizo a dotolo, nthawi yonse ya kukonzanso imafunikira kutenga ma enzyme omwe amathandizira kugwira ntchito kwa gland. Ngati kuyeserera pang'ono kunachitika, yang'anirani mkhalidwe ndi kadyedwe kuti mupewe kukula kwa njira zobwerezera.

Kuti muchotse kapamba, ndikofunikira kusiyanitsa zotsatirapo zake. Pambuyo pochotsedwa, anthu nthawi zambiri amachepetsa thupi, chifukwa palibe zakudya zamasiku onse. Kugwiritsa ntchito insulini kwa moyo wanu wonse, M'malo mwake, kumatha kukulitsa kulemera kwa thupi. Ngati mukufuna, mtsogolomo, kulemera kwamtunduwu kumabwezeretseka pang'ono.

Kusintha kosagwedezeka pamachitidwe onse ofunikira kale komanso mfundo zake zimabweretsa funso loti kodi ndizotheka kukhala ndi moyo popanda chamba. Munthu adzachita kukhala ndi moyo wapamwamba komanso wapamwamba palokha, kutsatira malamulo osavuta.

Mankhwala atatha opaleshoni

Pambuyo pochotsa kapamba, chisamaliro chapadera chimaperekedwa kwa zakudya. Pa tsiku lachitatu, mutha kumwa tiyi wopanda mchere komanso mchere wopanda mchere. Kwa masiku asanu ndi limodzi, supu zamadzimadzi kuchokera ku masamba ndi masamba amadzimadzi amalumikizidwa. Pakutha kwa sabata loyamba amayamba kuwonjezera chakudya pang'onopang'ono - buledi, mazira osenda, masamba osawuka. Masabata awiri atatha opareshoni, tchizi tchizi chokhala ndi mafuta ochepa, mitundu yochepa yamafuta ndi nsomba imaloledwa.

Zakudya ziyenera kuphikidwa. Zatsopano zamasamba ndi zipatso, makeke, khofi, zokometsera komanso mbale zakusuta, zinthu zamzitini sizipezeka muzakudya. Pansi pa choletsa chosakanika cha mowa ndi kusuta.

Ma servings onse ndiosanja. Tengani chakudya pafupipafupi. Musaiwale za mankhwala azitsamba ndi ma mineral vitamini. Mfundo izi zimalemekezedwa kwa moyo.

Kuti mupewe zovuta zovuta komanso mtundu uliwonse wa chithandizo cha opaleshoni, muyenera kudzisamalira. Ndikwabwino kupewa matendawa kuposa kuchiza pambuyo pake.

Ntchito ya pancreatic

Ntchito yayikulu ya kapamba ndikupanga ma enzyme kuti zitsimikizire momwe magayidwe amagwirira ntchito. Ndizomwe zimakhudza kuwonongeka kwa mapuloteni, zakudya zamafuta ndi mafuta, komanso kapangidwe ka chakudya chotchedwa lump, chomwe chimadutsa motsatira kugaya chakudya. Popanda kuchitapo kanthu kwa gland iyi, njira yolandirira chakudya, komanso kagayidwe kachakudya imakhala yovuta.

Zomwe zimayambitsa kusokonezeka kwa ziwalo zimatha kukhala zizolowezi zoipa, mowa, zakudya zamafuta kwambiri. Zotsatira zake, matenda ofala kwambiri, kapamba, amatha. Popanda kutupa, neoplasms ndi cysts, dziko lokhazikika limatha kupezeka ndikuwona zakudya zapadera. Nthawi zina, kuchitapo kanthu kwa opaleshoni kumafunika.

Komabe, akatswiri enieniwo amalimbikitsa njira yothandizira mankhwalawa nthawi zambiri. Kupatula apo, kapamba ndi chiwalo chachifundo kwambiri ndipo ndizovuta kudziwa zolondola za opereshoni. Ngakhale opareshoniyo itachita bwino, ndiye kuti izi sizitanthauza kuti chiwalocho chizibwerezedwa kawirikawiri. Kutupa kwa nthawi yayitali komanso kupweteka kwam'mimba kwa kapamba kumatha kusintha kukhala khansa ya chiwalo.

Pancreatectomy - njira yochotsera kapamba

Pancreatectomy ndiye njira yayikulu yochitira opaleshoni matenda a kapamba. Pogwira ntchito iyi, kapamba kapena gawo lina limachotsedwa. Nthawi zina, ndi pancreatectomy, ziwalo zomwe zili pafupi nazo zimachotsedwa:

ndulu, chikhodzodzo, m'mimba.

Ntchito yochotsa kapamba ili motere. Dotolo amatsegula m'mimba m'matumbo. Kutengera ndi kuopsa kwa matendawa, gawo limodzi la kapamba kapena chiwalo chonse, komanso ziwalo zina zowonongeka ndi matendawa, zimachotsedwa. Kenako, kuyikika kwake kumakulungidwa ndi kukhazikika ndi mabatani apadera.

Nthawi ya opaleshoni ndi pambuyo pa opaleshoni, pamakhala chiopsezo chachikulu cha zovuta. Izi sizongokhudza zotupa ndi matenda zomwe zingatheke, komanso kugwira ntchito kwina kwa thupi.

Mpaka posachedwapa, anthu ankakhulupirira kuti munthu sangakhale ndi moyo popanda chamba, koma lero zabwino zake ndi zabwino. Pakadali pano, munthu atha kukhala popanda chiwalocho, ndipo zotsatira zake siziwopa,, muyenera kutsatira mosamalitsa zomwe adotolo amatenga ndikumwa mankhwala omwe amakhala ndi mahomoni omwe amalowa m'malo mwa ma enzymes opangidwa ndi kapamba, ndi mapiritsi apadera a pancreatic pancreatitis.

Zinthu zomwe zimakhudza kupezeka kwa zovuta pambuyo pakuchita opareshoni

onenepa kwambiri, ukalamba wodwala, kusadya bwino, kusuta fodya komanso kumwa, mavuto ndi mtima.

Njira yokonzanso pambuyo pancreatectomy

Ngakhale pakalibe zovuta, njira yokonzanso pambuyo pochotsa zikondamoyo imatenga nthawi yayitali, koma matendawo ndi abwino. Pambuyo pa opareshoni, zakudya zolimba zimayikidwa, kumwa mankhwala ambiri ndi jakisoni wa insulin.

Zimatenga nthawi yayitali kubwezeretsa thupi. Wodwalayo azunzidwa ndimva kupweteka kwakanthawi. Komabe, amatha kuchepetsedwa pomwa mankhwala a ululu. Chofunika kwambiri kwa wodwala ndicho kuthandizidwa ndi abale ndi abwenzi.

Zakudya atachotsa kapamba

Popewa zovuta pambuyo pakuchita opaleshoni, wodwalayo adamulamula kuti azidya zakudya zowonjezera. M'masiku oyamba atachitidwa opaleshoni, wodwalayo ayenera kufa ndi njala. Amaloledwa kumwa pafupifupi malita 1.5 amadzi oyera, osakhala ndi kaboni patsiku. Mlingo wa tsiku ndi tsiku wa madzi uyenera kugawidwa m'magawo angapo ndikuwamwa pang'ono.

Masiku angapo pambuyo pake, tiyi wopanda mafuta ndi ma omeleette oyera amiyawo amaloledwa kudya. Mutha kudya buckwheat kapena phala la mpunga wophika m'madzi kapena mkaka wopanda mafuta.

Pakatha sabata, mkate wochepa, tchizi chamafuta ochepa ndi batala zimatha kuwonjezeredwa pachakudya. Supu yophika masamba, makamaka kabichi, ingakhale yothandiza. Musanagwiritse ntchito, zosakaniza zonse za msuzi ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito bwino.

Komanso, nsomba zamafuta ochepa ndi nyama zimayambitsidwa pang'onopang'ono m'zakudya za wodwalayo. Pokonzekera mbale, tiyenera kukumbukira kuti amafunika kuphika okha akuwotcha kapena kuwotcha nyama yophika.

Njira yayikulu yazakudya atachotsa kapamba ndizapamwamba kwambiri m'mapulogalamu komanso kusowa kwathunthu kwamafuta ndi chakudya. Muyenera kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa mchere, osapitirira magalamu 10 patsiku, ndikusiya kugwiritsa ntchito shuga. Mulimonsemo, wodwalayo ayenera kudziwa momwe angadye ndi pancreatic pancreatitis.

Zakudya zonse za tsiku ndi tsiku ziyenera kugawidwa m'magawo a 5-6. Mautumiki azikhala ochepa. Muyenera kuzigwiritsa ntchito pang'onopang'ono, kutafuna bwino. Chakudya chizikhala ndi mavitamini ambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, tikulimbikitsidwa kutenga mavitamini ndi michere m'mapiritsi. Makamaka chidwi ndi madzi amthupi. Madzi a tsiku ndi tsiku atatha opaleshoni ayenera kukhala 1.5-2 malita.

Kuchotsa kapamba, kusuta ndi kumwa mowa kuyenera kusiyidwa kwathunthu. Komanso kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mbatata, shuga, ufa, zakumwa zozizilitsa khofi ndi khofi wamphamvu. Sizikulimbikitsidwa kudya zakudya zamafuta, zosenda komanso zosuta.

Chifukwa chake, kadyedwe koyenera wodwalayo akuyenera kuwoneka motere:

Chakudya chomwe chili ndi mapuloteni ambiri, chakudya chopanda shuga komanso mchere wochepa kwambiri, zonunkhira zakudyazo zizikhala zopanda mafuta, zakudya zizikhala ndi mafuta a mkaka okhala ndi zipatso zochepa, zipatso zosaphatikizika, zipatso zachilengedwe, nyama yopanda mafuta ndi nsomba ziyenera kukhala maziko azakudya, zosaphatikizidwa zipatso, masamba ophika ndi masamba osenda bwino, masikono owuma ndi mkate wa dzulo.

Kuphatikiza pazakudya zoyenera komanso kudya zakudya zopatsa thanzi, kupsinjika kulikonse kuyenera kupewedwa, chifukwa kuchotsedwa kwazinthu kumalimbikitsa kwambiri thupi.

Zikondamoyo zili ndi gawo lofunikira kuonetsetsa momwe munthu amagwirira ntchito moyenera. Zina mwazomwe zimachitika ndizobisika kwa michere ya m'mimba ndi kapangidwe ka mahomoni, kuphatikizapo glucagon ndi insulin, kusowa kwa zomwe zimabweretsa kukula kwa matenda a shuga. Motere, lero anthu ambiri ali ndi nkhawa ndi mafunso ngati ndizabwino kuchotsa kapamba, ndipo kodi ndizotheka kukhala ndi moyo atatha opareshoni?

Zizindikiro zochotsa

Opaleshoni yomwe kapamba kapena gawo lake limachotsedwa amatchedwa pancreatectomy.

Monga lamulo, popanda opaleshoni, mutha kuchiza kutupa kwa chiwalo ichi. Chowonetsera chachindunji cha opaleshoni pa icho kuti athe kukonza mkhalidwe wa wodwalayo kapena kuchira kwathunthu ndiko kukhalapo kwa matenda monga:

chotupa chabodza, kutupa kosatha, chotupa chovunda kapena chotupa.

Nthawi zina, ndikofunikira kuchotsa osati kapamba wokha, komanso ziwalo zapafupi, kuphatikizapo:

chikhodzodzo, ndulu, gawo lam'mimba kapena matumbo aang'ono, zamitsempha.

Zovuta zotheka

Pa opaleshoni, zovuta zingapo ndizotheka, zomwe zimaphatikizapo:

magazi ochulukirachulukira, kupweteka kwamankhwala oyamba ndi kupuma, chizungulire, kusintha kwa magazi, kukula kwa matenda, kuwonongeka kwa ziwalo zina zam'mimba, kulephera kwa ma sutures.

Chiwopsezo cha zovuta zimakwera kwambiri pamaso pa zinthu monga:

Ukalamba wodwala, matenda am'mapapo ndi mtima, kunenepa kwambiri, kusowa kwa chakudya, mowa ndi kusuta.

Kukonzekera kwa Pancreatectomy

Pamaso pa opareshoni, zochitika ndi maphunziro zotsatirazi ndizofunikira:

kuyezetsa kwachipatala ndi katswiri, kuwunika komwe kumatsimikizira kuchuluka kwa ma pancreatic enzymes m'magazi, kusanthula za zotupa za khansa yomwe akuganiza kuti ikuwoneka, kuyesa kwa ultrasound kwa ziphuphu, endoscopic retrograde ndi maginito a resonance cholangiopancreatography, tomography.

Kupuma komanso kuyesa kutsimikizira kutsimikizira kwa matenda a oncological sikulimbikitsidwa, ndipo nthawi zina sizingatheke chifukwa cha mawonekedwe a ziwalo komanso kuthekera kwakukulu kwa magazi komanso mapangidwe a fistula. Potsimikizira kuti matendawa ndi “vuto loopsa la kapamba,” wophunzirayo amatha kukupatsirani mankhwala a chemotherapy kapena radiation kuti muchepetse chotupacho musanachite opareshoni.

Masiku 760 musanachite opareshoni, siyani kumwa mankhwala osapweteka a anti-yotupa ndi antiplatelet, komanso ngati magazi.

Opaleshoni

Popeza kuti kapamba kamazunguliridwa ndimapangidwe ofunikira a thupi monga celiac komanso ma mesenteric apamwamba kwambiri, m'mimba msempha, chimbudzi, chotupa chamkati ndi chotupa cha bile, ndipo kulemera kwake ndi magalamu 65-80 okha, zimadziwika kuti pancreatectomy imadziwika. Mulingo wovuta kwambiri ndipo umafuna maluso apadera ndi kulimbana kuchokera kwa dotolo.

Pa opaleshoni, opaleshoni yambirimbiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito, jakisoni wake yemwe amamulowetsa mkatikati mwa mkono ndikutseka ululu, ndikuthandizira wodwalayo atagona. Dokotalayo, atapanga chitseko pamimba, amachotsa chofufumitsa, komanso ngati kuli koyenera, ziwalo zina zapafupi. Pamapeto pa njirayi, dokotala amatseka chovalacho ndi ma staples kapena sutures.

Pa nthawi ya opareshoni, ngalande imatha kuyikidwa m'matumbo am'madzi momwe madzi omwe amaphatikizira amatuluka kupita kunja. Ngati ndi kotheka, chubu chowonjezera chimatha kuchotsedwa m'matumbo a zakudya zophatikizika.

Ngati pakufunika kuchotsa gawo limodzi la kapamba, dokotalayo amachita opaleshoni pogwiritsa ntchito laparoscopy. Njirayi imaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito laparoscope - chipangizo chokhala ndi kamera komanso chowunikira - komanso zida zamagetsi zing'onozing'ono zomwe adokotala amathandizira pancreatectomy pang'ono kudzera mumabowo ang'onoang'ono.

Pamapeto pa opaleshoni, yomwe, kutengera kukula kwa gawo lochotsedwa la kapamba, limatenga maola 5-8, chubu chopumira chitha kuchotsedwa ndipo wodwalayo atumizidwa ku postoperative wodi.

Kusamalira wodwala pambuyo pa opaleshoni

Kutalika kwa nthawi yomwe wodwalayo amakhala kuchipatala atachotsedwa kapamba kumadalira zovuta za opaleshoniyo komanso zovuta zomwe zimachitika, pafupifupi izi zimachokera masiku 5 mpaka masabata atatu. Ululu panthawi yochira imatha kuchepetsedwa ndi ma painkiller.

Akachoka m'chipatala, wodwalayo ayenera kukwaniritsa zofunika zina kuti atsimikizire ngati ali bwino. Nthawi yomweyo amafunika:

tsatirani malangizo onse a dokotala yemwe akupezekani, imwani mankhwala othandizira kugaya chakudya, pangani jakisoni wa insulin kuti ayendetse magazi, musakweze zolemera kwa miyezi iwiri, kutsatira zakudya zapadera.

Wodwalayo amalimbikitsidwa kudya panthawiyi, chifukwa chomwedwa makamaka ndi zakudya zamapuloteni komanso kuchepetsa kwambiri mafuta, chakudya komanso shuga. Wodwala yemwe matumba ake amachotsa ayenera kudya pang'ono kapena kangapo patsiku la 5-6 patsiku ndikudya pafupifupi malita awiri amadzi. Kuti muchiritse bwino thupi pambuyo pakuchita opaleshoni yayikulu, ndikofunikira kutenga mavitamini ndi michere yambiri.

Tsopano ndizovuta kukhulupirira kuti kuchotsedwa koyamba kwa kapamba kunachitika kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 2000. Kwa nthawi yayitali, pafupifupi maopareshoni onse anali opha, ndipo mankhwala amakono ayimitsa kale zokambirana ngati angachotse kapamba kapena ayi. Masiku ano, anthu omwe adachotsa chiwalochi amatha kukhala ndi moyo pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ena monga insulin, enzyme ndi lipotropic.

Akatswiri azachipatala mumzinda wanu

Sankhani mzinda:

Munthu akakhala ndi vuto lalikulu la kapamba, nthawi zambiri amafunafuna njira zochotsera mavutowo. Chowonadi ndichakuti ndi matendawa wodwala amamva kupweteka kwambiri, komwe kumamulepheretsa kukhala ndi moyo. Nthawi zina munthu amafuna kukoka chiwalo kuchokera pamimba kuti chisasokoneze wodwalayo. Chifukwa chake, anthu nthawi zina amafunsa ngati ndizotheka kukhala wopanda kapamba, komanso zomwe zingachitike. Kuti muyankhe funsoli, muyenera kumvetsetsa pang'ono za kupukusa thupi.

Chizindikiro cha opaleshoni ya pancreatic ndi mitundu yawo

Chifukwa cha kusayenda bwino komanso kuwoneka bwino kwa kapangidwe ka nduluyo, kuchitapo kanthu pa opaleshoniyo kumachitika pokhapokha ngati mankhwala omaliza azigwira. Zisonyezo za opaleshoni ndi:

Mitundu ikuluikulu ya kapamba wamkati, osagwiritsidwa ntchito momasuka. Hemorrhagic kapamba ndi hemorrhage m'thupi la gland. Pancreatic necrosis - necrosis ya England ndi kapamba. Kutupa kwa purulent, kutulutsa kwa gland. Makungu akulu. Pancreatic fistula. Kutumiza kwa cyst. Zovulala zowopsa. Kupezeka kwa miyala mu ducts ya gland.

Kasitomala amachita ntchito yachinsinsi - amapanga michere yogaya, ndipo ina ya endocrine - imatulutsa insulini ya mahomoni

Matendawa ndiwosatetezeka ndipo amatenga matenda - kutupa ndi kutukusira kwa zotupa, pomwe njira yokhayo yomwe ingagwiritsidwe ntchito ndikuchita opareshoni: kuchotsedwa kwa kapamba konse kapena gawo limodzi.

Zotsatira za magwiridwe antchito

Zotsatira zake ndi moyo ndi chiyani atachitidwa opaleshoni yam'mimba - kuchotsedwa kwathunthu kapena pang'ono? Zotulukazo sizingakhale, chifukwa thupi limataya chiwalo kapena gawo lina lake, zomwe ndizofunikira pakubowoleza thupi ndi shuga kagayidwe. Kuchulukitsa komwe kumagwirako ntchito, ndiko kuti, momwe minyewa yambiri imachotsedwa, ndizomwe zimayambitsa chisokonezo.

Zotsatira za kapangidwe ka pancreatic

Gland ikapangidwa, malo ake osinthika amachotsedwa: mutu, gawo la thupi kapena mchira, pomwe madokotala ochita opaleshoni amayesetsa kuteteza minofu ya glandular momwe angathere. Ngati mutu kapena gawo la thupi la chindacho lachotsedwa, gawo logaya chakudya limasowa ma enzymes.

M'makliniki amakono, ma robotic gland kuchotsa ntchito amachitika molondola komanso zolakwika zochepa

Zofunika! Kodi zikondazo zimatha kuchotsedwa ngati ndichofunikira kwambiri? Inde, kuchotsedwa ndikotheka kupulumutsa moyo wa wodwala, ndikutsatira mosalekeza.

Zotsatira atachotsa kapamba

Kodi zikondazo zachotsedwa? Inde chotsani. Opaleshoni ya pancreatectomy imagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri, imakhala yovuta, imakhala yodzala ndi zotsatira, koma imapangidwa mdzina la kupulumutsa moyo wa wodwalayo.

Zofunika! Pambuyo pa opaleshoni yochotsa kapamba, thupi limataya ma enzymes am'mimba ndi insulin, yomwe pachimake ndiowopsa kwa thanzi ndi moyo. Koma kuchita kumawonetsa kuti moyo wathunthu popanda kapamba umatheka, ndipo mankhwala amakono amalola.

Creon - mulingo woyenera kwambiri wa ma enzymes wochizira gland pambuyo pake atachotsedwa

Ngati mungathe kusintha magwiridwe antchito mwakakonzedwe ka enzyme, kukonza shuga m'magazi ndikutsatira mosamalitsa, mutha kuthetsa ngoziyo, kupukusa chimbudzi ndi kubwezeretsa moyo wabwino.

Zofunika! Kuchotsa kwathunthu kwa kapamba nthawi zonse kumakhala ntchito yopulumutsa moyo, ndipo popeza imapulumutsidwa, mulingo wake uyenera kupitilizidwa ndi kukhazikitsidwa kosalekeza kwa mankhwala azachipatala.

Zomwe zimapatsa thanzi mutachotsa ndulu

Zakudya zopatsa thanzi ndizofunikira kuti mupewe zotsatira zoyipa mutachotsa kapamba. Wodwala amayenera kudziwa kuti kutsatira zakudya, limodzi ndi kuyimitsa shuga ndikutsitsa shuga ndikofunikira, ndipo ndizosatha, kuti zotsatira zoyipa zisadzachitike mutachotsa kapamba.

Atangochita opaleshoni, wodwalayo amalembera njala masiku atatu, madzi amaloledwa m'magawo ochepa mpaka lita imodzi patsiku. Zakudya zamafuta ndi mavitamini zimayendetsedwa ndi mtsempha wa magazi.

Patsiku la 4 limaloledwa kudya ma biscuits angapo owuma kapena owotchera kuchokera mikate yoyera m'magawo ang'onoang'ono tsiku lonse, magalasi 1-2 a tiyi wopanda mafuta. Kwa masiku asanu ndi limodzi ndi asanu ndi limodzi amapatsa sopo wosenda, zopopera, tiyi. Pakutha kwa sabata, zophika zophika pang'ono zamadzimadzi zimayambitsidwa menyu - buckwheat kapena mpunga, mkate wowuma. Kuyambira masiku 7-8 omwe amapereka, kuwonjezera msuzi, yachiwiri maphunziro - masamba osenda, mbale zotentha kuchokera ku nyama yokazinga.

Creon - mulingo woyenera kwambiri wa ma enzymes wochizira gland pambuyo pake atachotsedwa

Ngati mungathe kusintha magwiridwe antchito mwakakonzedwe ka enzyme, kukonza shuga m'magazi ndikutsatira mosamalitsa, mutha kuthetsa ngoziyo, kupukusa chimbudzi ndi kubwezeretsa moyo wabwino.

Zofunika! Kuchotsa kwathunthu kwa kapamba nthawi zonse kumakhala ntchito yopulumutsa moyo, ndipo popeza imapulumutsidwa, mulingo wake uyenera kupitilizidwa ndi kukhazikitsidwa kosalekeza kwa mankhwala azachipatala.

Kuphatikizika kwazironda

Mlingo waposachedwa wa transplantology umakupatsani mwayi wochita kuphipha kwa kapamba. Ntchito zotere padziko lapansi pano sizikuchitikanso 1 miliyoni pachaka, m'makliniki akulu akunja, komanso ku Russia, Belarus ndi Kazakhstan.

Kuphatikizika kwa kapamba kumasonyezedwa atachotsedwa, ngati palibe contraindication - wazaka ndi boma laumoyo. Gawo la mchira wokhala ndi maselo a beta nthawi zambiri limasinthidwa kuti lipangitse matenda a shuga. Ukadaulo wamakono wophatikizira ma cell mwa kubweretsa zosakaniza zawo mu mtsempha umayikidwa.

Zogulitsa zomwe zimafunikira kuti zisamachotsedwe mu zakudya ndi kapamba zimayendetsedwa

Zizindikiro zakuchita opareshoni

Zikondazo zimatulutsa ma enzyme, popanda kupukusa komwe kumayamwa m'matumbo aang'ono ndikosatheka. Ma enzyme amenewa amawononga mafuta, mapuloteni komanso chakudya chamafuta. Chimbudzi chonse cha chakudya komanso kugawa zinthu zofunikira kuchokera pamenepo zimachitika ndendende chifukwa cha kapamba. Komabe, thupi ili ndi malire ochepa a chitetezo. Zovuta ndi zosokoneza pantchito yake zimabweretsa kutupa ndi kupweteka kwambiri. Chodabwitsachi chimatchedwa pancreatitis. Matendawa ndi osachiritsika komanso osachiritsika. Zotsatira za kapamba zimatha kukhala zowopsa komanso zowopsa.

Zisonyezero za opaleshoni mwa odwala ndi zotere:

Mavuto atachotsedwa ndulu. Kugwira ntchito kwa chiwalochi kumachitika chifukwa cha mapangidwe amiyala, kapena pamene ma ducts a bile apotozedwa. Popanda bile, njira yogaya chakudya ndi yovuta kwambiri, izi zimabweretsa mtolo wowonjezera pa ndulu. Monga lamulo, mutachotsa ndulu, odwala amayenera kudya zakudya zokhazikika. Kupanda kutero, kuthekera kwa zotsatira za pathological kwa kapamba kumakhala kwambiri.
Kuphwanya ntchito yofunika ndi kulephera kwathunthu kwa ndulu. Matenda oterewa amatsogolera ku mawonekedwe a necrosis. Zikatero, opaleshoni yochotsa kapamba imachitika nthawi yomweyo. Kubwezeretsa kumatenga nthawi yambiri, koma ngakhale ndi matenda awa, anthu amakhala moyo wonse.
Mapangidwe zotupa zamitundu yosiyanasiyana. Ngakhale chizolowezi chochita masewera olimbitsa thupi chimakhala choopsa pamoyo. Mothandizidwa ndi kusuta, mowa ndi zakudya zopanda pake, zimatha kukhala zopweteka.
Kulowerera kwa mwala kuchokera kumiyala mutachotsa ndulu. Monga lamulo, ndizosatheka kuchotsa mwala kuchokera ku gland ndikukula kwa kuchira kwake. Tizilombo ta chiwalochi timamera limodzi moyipa.
Matenda a kapamba omwe amakhala ndi matenda osakwanira. Palibe zotsatira zabwino ndi mankhwala, mankhwala a cholecystectomy okha ndi omwe amatha kuchiritsidwa.

Masiku ano, opaleshoni yochotsa nduluyo ikuchitika pafupifupi m'm zipatala zonse momwe muli dipatimenti yochita opaleshoni. Mwambiri, nthawi zambiri opaleshoni amachita bwino.

Zowoneka za opareshoni

Chowoneka cha kapamba ndichoti minofu yake imakhala yotentha kwambiri ndipo imatha kutengeka ndi zinthu zilizonse. Pali nthawi zina pomwe pancreatitis inayamba atagwira ntchito ziwalo zamkati zomwe sizinayandikire pafupi ndi kapamba. China chomwe madokotala ochita opaleshoni amaganizira ndikuti makoma a glandi ndi osalimba, seams pa iwo sangakhale wokonza zodalirika.

Opaleshoni isanachitike, odwala amafufuzidwa kuti adomereze mankhwala opaleshoni, mankhwala othandizira, komanso magazi. Asanachotse kapamba, kuyeretsa m'matumbo kumachitika. Masana tsiku lisanachitike, wodwalayo amadya zamitsempha yamafuta mchere.

Opaleshoniyo imachitidwa pansi pa opaleshoni yodwala ndipo simupitilira ola limodzi. Pambuyo pa kuteteza khungu, khungu lam'mimba limatsegulidwa, mitsempha ya magazi imatsekedwa ndipo ngalande zimakhazikitsidwa.Dokotalayo amafufuza za kapamba ndi ziwalo zoyandikana nazo. Pambuyo pake, chisankho chimapangidwa pa kuchuluka kwa kuchotsa minofu yofewa. Mu chifuwa chachikulu, gawo limodzi la ndulu ndi lomwe lingachotsedwe. Ngati metastasis yapezeka, chisankho chimapangidwa kuti zichotse kapamba onse, gawo lamatumbo, m'mimba ndi ziwalo zina zomwe zakhudzidwa.

Pa opaleshoni, zovuta zotsatirazi ndizotheka:

kutsitsa magazi
kupezeka kwa magazi,
kugwa
matenda opatsirana.

Kuopsa kwamavuto kumawonjezeka kwambiri ngati odwala atha kunenepa kwambiri, kusuta fodya komanso kumwa mowa mwauchidakwa, komanso amakhala ndi mavuto amtima. Opaleshoni imakhala yoipa kwambiri kwa anthu opitilira zaka 60, chifukwa matupi awo ndi otopa kwambiri.

Zitsanzo za minofu yogwidwa zimatumizidwa kukayesedwa zakale. Kutengera ndi zotsatira zake, chisankho chimapangidwa pakuthandizidwanso. Ngati matenda a oncological apezeka, ndiye kuti chemotherapy kapena radiation ndi mankhwala.

Kubwezeretsa nthawi

Nthawi yoyamba, moyo pambuyo pochotsa ndulu ndi ndulu ndizovuta kwambiri. Wodwalayo amamva kupweteka kwambiri, komwe kumatenga masiku angapo, pomwe kuwonda kwa seams kumachitika. Ululu umathetsedwa ndi ma pinkiller. Kuphatikiza apo, wodwalayo amamva njala yayikulu, monga m'mimba yopanda kanthu imapereka zofananira ku ubongo. Pakati pa sabata yoyamba atachitidwa opaleshoni, munthu amafunika kuthandizidwa m'malingaliro.

Kuti muchepetse kuchira komanso kupewa zovuta, wodwalayo amapatsidwa njira yothandizira maantibayotiki komanso mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Amaperekedwa kudzera m'mitsempha kapena intramuscularly. Mlingo wa mankhwala ndi nthawi ya makonzedwe awo amatsimikiziridwa munthawi iliyonse. Mlingo wofunika wa insulin amayambitsidwa nthawi zonse. Izi zitha kupewa kukula kwa matenda ashuga.

Woyamba 2 masiku atachotsa ndulu, wodwalayo ali pamalo apamwamba. Kugwiritsa ntchito zakudya zamtundu uliwonse kumatsutsana. Amaloledwa kumwa osapitilira 1 litre lamadzi amchere popanda mpweya. Madzi amalowetsedwa m'thupi m'zigawo zochepa za 100-150 ml 5-6 patsiku. Wodwala amalandila mphamvu pogwiritsa ntchito dontho limodzi. Patatha masiku awiri atachitidwa opaleshoni, wodwalayo akulimbikitsidwa kuti akhale kaye pansi, kenako ayende mwachidule ndi chithandizo chovomerezeka. Kusuntha ndikofunikira kuteteza mapangidwe a adhesions pamimba.

Pambuyo povulala mabala, wodwalayo amaloledwa kugwiritsa ntchito chakudya chosenda kapena kuwotedwa. Chakudya chimawotha kutentha kwa thupi. Momwe zilonda zamkati zimachiritsira, wodwalayo amapitilizidwa kumapeto, masamba ndi zakumwa za shuga popanda mpweya.

Monga lamulo, pakatha masiku 7-10, zikondazo zimachotsedwa, ndipo wodwala amachotsedwa kuchipatala. Kukonzanso kumatenga masiku ena 10 mpaka 10, kutengera kuchuluka kwa opereshoni. Pambuyo pa izi, munthu akhoza kuyamba kugwira ntchito kunyumba kapena kuntchito.