Mimba mtundu wa kunenepa mu akazi ndi amuna, zakudya
Endocrinologists amawona kunenepa kwam'mimba pamene kuchuluka kwa zotumphukira za adipose kumalimbikitsidwa m'mimba ndi m'mimba.
Mtundu wanenepa kwambiri umatchedwanso kuti kunenepa kwambiri kwa admin (chifukwa chogawa mafuta osungidwa m'thupi mwa amuna), apakati kapena a visceral. Ndiye kuti, kwa asing'anga, matanthauzowa ndi ofanana, ngakhale pali kusiyana pakati pa kunenepa kwambiri kwa m'mimba ndi m'mimba: mu Latin, m'mimba amatanthauza "m'mimba" ndipo viscera amatanthauza "mkati". Likukhalira kuti koyamba mankhwalawo amatengera momwe mafuta amapangidwira, ndipo chachiwiri chikutsimikizika kuti mafuta siwosinjika, koma amkati ndipo amapezeka mu omentum, depot yamafuta ndi malo ozungulira ma visceral omwe.
Munthawi yachilengedwe, minofu ya adipose imeneyi imateteza kwa iwo, koma kuchuluka kwake - kuchuluka kwa m'mimba - kumakhala ndi zotsatira zoyipa kwambiri paumoyo.
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Epidemiology
Malinga ndi kuyerekezera kwina, pafupifupi anthu 2.3 biliyoni okalamba onenepa kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi, ndipo kwazaka zopitilira zitatu chiwerengero chawo chawonjezeka kuposa nthawi zopitilira 2.5. Mwachitsanzo, ku United States, amuna osachepera 50% azaka zapakati pa 50 mpaka 79 ndipo pafupifupi 70% ya azimayi azaka izi. Ndipo kunenepa kwambiri kuphatikiza ndi matenda ashuga kunapezeka ku America 38,8 miliyoni - ali ndi malire a 0.8% mokomera amuna. Pafupifupi 32% ya anthu akuluakulu aku US (47 miliyoni) ali ndi metabolic syndrome.
Chiwerengero cha ku Canada chazaka zopitilira 18 omwe ali onenepa kwambiri chakwera kwambiri, ngakhale BMI yambiri simapitilira 35 - ndiye kuti giredi I wonenepa kwambiri.
Endocrinologists ku Brazil akuti ku 26.7% ya anyamata aku Brazil azaka za 7-7 ndi 34.6% ya atsikana azaka zofanana amakhala ndi onenepa kwambiri kapena penapake kunenepa kwambiri, nthawi zambiri pamimba.
Chiwerengero cha odwala onenepa kwambiri chachuluka ku Australia, Mexico, France, Spain, Switzerland, 27% ya milandu yodziwika yokhudza amuna onenepa kwambiri, 38% - azimayi.
Mwa Britons, kunenepa kwambiri kwakhala kukuchulukirachulukira pazaka 30 zapitazi, mpaka kufika ku 22-24% ya anthu onse aku UK.
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Zomwe Zimayambitsa Kutupa Kwam'mimba
Zomwe zimayambitsa zakunja zam'mimba zam'mimba zimayenderana ndi kuphwanya kuchuluka kwa thupi la calorie kudya ndi kuwononga mphamvu zomwe zalandiridwa - ndikugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri. Ndi moyo wokhala chete, mphamvu zosagwiritsidwa ntchito mwa mawonekedwe a triglycerides amadziunjikira mu adipocytes (maselo a minyewa yoyera ya adipose). Mwa njira, kunenepa kwambiri kumachitika osati kwambiri chifukwa cha kudya kwambiri mafuta, koma ndi zakudya zomwe zimakhala ndi mafuta ambiri, chifukwa shuga ochulukirapo motsogozedwa ndi insulin amasinthidwa mosavuta kukhala triglycerides. Chifukwa chake chiopsezo cha kunenepa kwambiri monga kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi komanso kusowa kwa zochitika zamagalimoto, palibe amene amakayikira.
Chimodzi mwazomwe zimayambitsa kunenepa kwambiri m'mimba mwa abambo ndi mowa. Omwe amatchedwa "mowa wam'mimba" amawonekera chifukwa chakuti mowa (kuphatikizapo mowa) umapereka ma calories ambiri opanda phindu lenileni la zakudya, ndipo mafuta awa akapanda kuwotchedwa, mafuta osungidwa m'mimba akuwonjezeka.
Vuto lazakudya ndilimodzi mwazifukwa zokhala onenepa kwambiri: anthu ambiri amakhala ndi chizolowezi chodzikhutiritsa ndi chakudya, kutanthauza kuti “kulanda” kupsinjika ndi kutengeka kulikonse (tidzakambirana za pathogenesis ya izi pansipa).
Zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kunenepa kwambiri kum'mimba kumalumikizidwe ndikupanga mahomoni ambiri a mapuloteni-peptide ndi ma steroid, ma neuropeptides ndi ma neurotransmitters (catecholamines), komanso momwe amathandizira, gawo lazomvera la receptors yokhudzana ndi chidwi komanso kuyankha koyenera kwamachitidwe amanjenje amanjenje. Nthawi zambiri, mavuto amtundu wa endocrine amatsimikizika.
Monga endocrinologists tazindikira, kunenepa kwambiri kwam'mimba mwa amuna (omwe poyamba amakhala ndi mafuta ochulukirapo a visceral kuposa azimayi) chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa testosterone (dihydrotestosterone).Kutsika kwa kupanga kwa ma steroid ogonana, monga momwe zimakhalira, kumawonjezera kuchuluka kwa zolandilira mu minofu, komabe, chidwi cha receptor chimachepetsedwa kwambiri, chifukwa chake, kufalikira kwa zizindikiritso kwa ma neuroreceptors a hypothalamus, omwe amawongolera njira zambiri za endocrine m'thupi, amapotozedwa.
Kuchepa kwam'mimba mwa akazi kumayamba, monga lamulo, atatha kusintha kwa kusintha kwa thupi, ndipo akufotokozedwa ndi kutsika kwachulukidwe kaphatikizidwe ka estradiol mu thumba losunga mazira. Zotsatira zake, osati kutengera kwa minofu ya brown adipose komwe kumasintha, komanso kugawa kwake mthupi. Pankhaniyi, kunenepa kwambiri pamimba ndi BMI yabwinobwino nthawi zambiri kumawonedwa (ndiye kuti, ndi kalozera wamagulu osaposa 25). Ovary ya Polycystic imapangitsa kunenepa kwambiri, kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa mahomoni ogonana achikazi. Kuphatikiza apo, hypothyroidism, kuchepa kwa chithokomiro cha chithokomiro cha chithokomiro komanso chithokomiro cholimbikitsa chithokomiro (chomwe chimapangidwa ndi gituini), chomwe chimagwira gawo lofunikira mu metabolism yayikulu, imawerengedwa kuti ndi chiopsezo cha kunenepa kwa visceral mwa akazi.
Kunenepa kwambiri pamimba mwa amayi pambuyo pobereka kumawopseza iwo omwe amapeza kilogalamu yambiri panthawi yomwe ali ndi pakati kuposa momwe ayenera kuchitira (ndipo izi ndizofanana ndi pafupifupi 43% ya amayi apakati). Zimathandizanso kunenepa kwambiri komanso kuwonjezeka kwa thupi musanakhale ndi pakati, makamaka motsutsana ndi maziko a kuchuluka kwa mahomoni prolactin m'magazi (omwe amapangidwa nthawi ya mkaka wa m'mawere ndikuwonjezera kutembenuka kwa glucose kukhala mafuta). Kukula kwa kunenepa kwambiri pamimba pambuyo pobadwa kwa mwana kumatha kukhala chimodzi mwazotsatira za Sheehan syndrome yokhudzana ndi kuchepa kwambiri kwa magazi nthawi yobereka, zomwe zimabweretsa kuwonongeka kwa maselo a pituitary.
Pakati pa kusintha kwa endocrine pathological, zinthu zotsatirazi zowopsa za kuchuluka kwa mafuta pamimba pamimba zimasiyanitsidwa:
- kuchuluka kwa adrenocorticotropic mahomoni (ACTH) ndi pituitary gland ndikuchepera kupanga kwa mahomoni okula, beta ndi gamma-lipotropins,
- kupanga kwambiri glucocorticoids (mahomoni a steroid) ndi zovuta zamagulu a adrenal cortex,
- kuchuluka kwa insulin chifukwa cha kapamba pomwe amachepetsa kupanga kwa glucagon (wolimbikitsa lipolysis - kuwonongeka kwa triglycerides m'maselo amafuta).
M'malo mwake, kuphatikiza kwa zinthu izi kumayambitsa kunenepa kwam'mimba mu metabolic syndrome. Kunenepa kwambiri pamimba ndi gawo limodzi la zovuta za metabolic syndrome ndipo zimakhudzana mwachindunji ndi kukwera kwa minofu (kukana) kwa insulini, kukula kwa hyperinsulinemia komanso kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, ndi hyperlipidemia - kuchuluka kwambiri kwa triglycerides m'magazi komanso kutsika kwambiri kwa maopeneti a lipoproteins (HDL). Nthawi yomweyo, malinga ndi kafukufuku wa zamankhwala, mu milandu 5%, metabolic syndrome imakhalapo pazovomerezeka zamthupi, mu 22% - onenepa kwambiri komanso 60% ya odwala omwe ali ndi kunenepa kwambiri pamimba.
Kudzikundikira kwamafuta a m'mimba m'mimba kungachitike ndi matenda a Cushing's (matenda a Itsenko-Cushing), omwe ali ndi vuto loledzera la pseudo-Cushing's, ndi benign pancreatic chotupa (insulinoma), yotupa, yowopsa kapena yowonongeka kwa radiation ku hypothalamus, komanso kwa odwala omwe ali ndi osowa kwambiri. ma gennd syndromes (Lawrence-Mwezi, Cohen, Carpenter, ndi zina).
Kunenepa kwambiri kwam'mimba kumatha kukhala mwa ana ndi achinyamata omwe ali ndi Frelich neuroendocrine syndrome (adiposogenital dystrophy), omwe ndi chifukwa cha kuvulala kwa craniocerebral kuvulala, neoplasms ya ubongo, kapena matenda aubongo omwe ali ndi meningitis kapena encephalitis.
Mankhwala ena, monga ma steroid ndi mankhwala ogwiritsidwa ntchito pa matenda amisala, amatha kubweretsa kunenepa kwambiri.
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Kunenepa kwambiri pamimba mwa amuna ndi akazi: zoyambitsa ndi chithandizo
Kunenepa kwambiri pamimba ndi matenda omwe mafuta ochulukirapo amakhazikika pamimba ndi torso yapamwamba.Matendawa amakula pamene kuchuluka kwa zopatsa mphamvu kuchokera ku chakudya sikumagwiritsidwa ntchito ndikuchisunga bwino ngati mafuta.
Mukakhala onenepa kwambiri, tinthu tating'onoting'ono ta adipose timayikidwa pansi ziwalo zamkati ndipo timatchedwa visceral. Mafuta ochulukirapo amathiramo ziwalo zamkati, kufinya, kumalepheretsa magwiridwe antchito. Minofu ya Adipose imalowetsedwa ndimitsempha yamagazi, yomwe imakhala ndi mahomoni opangidwa ndi ma cell. Hormoni iyi imayankha pamavuto amanjenje ndipo imathandizira kuphwanya kagayidwe kazachilengedwe.
| Kanema (dinani kusewera). |
Zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa ndi:
- Kuzunza
- Kulephera kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi,
- Kulephera kwa mahomoni m'thupi,
- Matenda a chithokomiro
- Mimba
- Matenda amtundu wamsempha (kupsinjika, psychosis, kuwopseza),
- Zotsatira zoyipa mukamamwa mankhwala (mahomoni, ma tranquilizer, antidepressants),
- Kudziletsa.
Mitundu ya Visceral Kunenepa
- Kunenepa kwambiri. Mafuta amaphimba thumba la mtima, ntchito zamtima zimasokonekera.
- Kunenepa kwambiri kwa chiwindi (mafuta a hepatosis). Zimayambitsa kuphwanya mapangidwe a bile ndikupanga zinthu zovulaza m'thupi.
- Kunenepa kwambiri. Mafuta ochulukirapo amasokoneza ntchito ya kwamikodzo, kukoka kwa mkodzo kumachitika. Zotsatira zake - mapangidwe a miyala, njira zopatsirana komanso zotupa mu genitourinary system.
- Kunenepa kwambiri - kumayambitsa chisokonezo m'mimba.
Pali magawo awiri a kunenepa kwambiri kwa visceral: opita patsogolo komanso okhazikika. Ndi gawo lomwe likupita patsogolo, kulemera kokhazikika kumawonedwa, ndi gawo lokhazikika, kulemera kwamphamvu kumakhalabe kosasinthika.
Kuti mudziwe kulemera kwake ndizobwinobwino, gwiritsani ntchito kophweka: Kutalika (masentimita) - 100 = kulemera koyenera. Mwachitsanzo: 189cm-100 = 89, ndiye kuti, ndi kuchulukitsa kwa 189 cm, kulemera kwake kuyenera kukhala 89 kg. Chovomerezeka chovomerezeka ndi magawo 8-10. Kutengera njira iyi, kunenepa kwambiri kwamankhwala anayi:
1 digiri. Kulemera kwambiri kwa thupi ndi 8-10 kg. Matendawa sadzetsa vuto kwa anthu. Mukamachita masewera olimbitsa thupi, kupuma movutikira kumawonekera, kudutsa mofulumira ndikupuma.
2 digiri. Kulemera kupitilira muyeso ndi 10-15 makilogalamu. Kupuma pang'ono, kutuluka thukuta kumakhalanso ndi masewera olimbitsa thupi pang'ono. Miyendo imatopa msanga, kutupa madzulo. Kuchulukana kwa anthu kumasintha, mafuta obisika amawonekera pamimba, mikono.
3 digiri. Kunenepa kwambiri ndi 50% kapena kuposa kulemera kwabwinoko. Kuchulukitsidwa kwa katundu pamtima ndi miyendo yotsika kumakhudza kusuntha kwa munthu. Zochita zolimbitsa thupi zimachepetsedwa.
4 digiri. Ndi zosowa kwambiri. Munthu wonenepa kwambiri amapitirira nthawi 4-5. Wodwala kwenikweni samayenda ndipo sangathe kudzipulumutsa. Katundu pa mtima, chiwindi, impso ndi ziwalo zina ndi zoopsa. Popanda thandizo lakuchipatala, munthu amafa.
Matendawa amadziwonetsa okha. Poyamba, kunenepa kwambiri kumadziwika modekha, chifukwa cha "moyo wamanjenje." Pakadali pano, mafuta a visceral amadziunjikira pang'onopang'ono pamimba, mikono, chifuwa, chimakwirira ziwalo zamkati. Mafuta ochulukirapo amayamba kupanga mahomoni omwe amathandizira kukulitsa chilimbikitso. Maselo ake amachepetsa chidwi cha ziwalo mpaka insulin, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kuti matenda ashuga apangidwe. Kulakalaka kukuchulukirachulukira, zokonda zimaperekedwa kwa zonunkhira, mafuta, zakudya zokazinga, maswiti.
Kudzikundikira kwamafuta mwa amuna ndi akazi ndi kosiyana.
Mwa akazi, mafuta amthupi amadzaza makamaka mchiuno, m'chiuno, matako (otchedwa "khutu makutu").
Mwa amuna, m'mimba mumayamba kukula. Chifukwa chokhala wodekha komanso wokhutiritsa, mafuta a visceral amawaika mu omentum. Omwe amatchedwa "mowa wamimba" amawonekera.Mafuta pamimba ikukula, bambo akuwongolera moyo wongokhala, m'mimba mwake akukula kwambiri ... Kuchokera pagululi loipali pali njira imodzi yokha yotumizira - zakudya ndi masewera.
Mu gawo lokhazikika la madigiri atatu ndi anayi a kunenepa kwambiri, zizindikiro za matendawa zimawoneka mwamphamvu kwambiri:
- kufooka, ulesi, kusasangalala,
- chilala chosalamulirika,
- kupuma movutikira
- kupweteka, kusasangalala mumtima,
- kuphwanya kwamikodzo ndi kuchepa,
- machitidwe a neurotic
- kuchuluka kwa mafuta m'thupi ndi shuga m'magazi,
- ululu, kutupa m'malo am'munsi, makamaka madzulo.
Malinga ndi kafukufuku wazachipatala, anthu omwe ali ndi vuto lambiri m'mimba amakhala ndi chiopsezo chowonjezeka cha metabolic syndrome (insulin kukana) pamene maselo amthupi amakhala ololera glucose. Muzochitika zapamwamba, mapangidwe a shuga amavomerezeka.
Kuphatikiza pa hyperglycemia, kunenepa kwambiri pamimba kumakhala ndi kuchuluka kwa lipids m'magazi, komanso kuphatikiza kotsika kwa lipoproteins (cholesterol yoyipa) yotsika. Pogwiritsa ntchito ma lipoprotein ocheperachepera, malo omwe amadziwika kuti cholesterol amayamba, chifukwa chomwe chiwopsezo cha kupangidwa kwa kusintha kwa atherosulinotic, stroko ndi myocardial infarction zimakula kwambiri.
Kwa akazi, mtundu wam'mimba wonenepa nawonso ndiwowopsa chifukwa umayambitsa kupanga mahomoni ogonana amuna, omwe amapangidwa m'mimba ndi adrenal cortex. Chifukwa cha kusalinganika kwa mahomoni mwa akazi, hirsutism imapangidwa - kukula kwa tsitsi laimuna. Kuphatikiza apo, ndikupanga kwakukulu kwa mahomoni ogonana amuna, msambo umasokonezeka.
Cholinga chachikulu cha kulimbana ndi kunenepa kwambiri ndikuchotsa mafuta a visceral m'thupi.
Ngati pali vuto lina la chithokomiro cha thupi, ndikofunikira kuchita chithokomiro cha chithokomiro. Malinga ndi zotsatira za kusanthula, mankhwala a mahomoni amapatsidwa.
Kuwonjezeka kwa shuga m'magazi ndi chizindikiro choopsa cha matenda omwe amayamba ngati matenda a shuga. The zikuchokera zovuta mankhwala kutumikiridwa mankhwala amene amachepetsa magazi. Zikatero, pamafunika kulimbana ndi zomwe zimayambitsa (matenda), osati ndi zomwe zimapangitsa (kunenepa kwambiri).
Ngati kunenepa kwambiri ndi cholowa, njira zamankhwala zimapangidwira molumikizana ndi endocrinologist ndi immunologist.
Makampani ogulitsa zamankhwala amapereka mitundu yambiri ya mankhwala kuti achepetse kunenepa kwambiri. Amasiyana pogwira ntchito, momwe amagwiritsira ntchito:
- Kuchepetsa chilako,
- kuyambitsa kukhuta.
- kuwonjezera mphamvu zamagetsi,
- zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mafuta asokonekere mthupi.
Mankhwala amatengedwa pokhapokha ngati akuwuzidwa ndi dokotala. Mutha kusankha nokha tiyi wochepetsa thupi nokha.
Hi ndi opareshoni pomwe mafuta amamuthothola m'malo ovuta a mthupi. Amawonetsedwa muzovuta kwambiri (kunenepa kwambiri magawo atatu). Kuchita opareshoni ndikosavuta, kumachitika pansi pa opaleshoni. Mu gawo limodzi, mpaka makilogalamu 6 amafuta amathiridwa. Kulephera kumabwezeretsedwa masana. Kuti mukwaniritse bwino, ndikofunika kuvala zovala zapadera zamkati mwa miyezi itatu.
Ngati kuphwanya kwakukulu kwa ziwalo ndi machitidwe sikunawonedwe, pulogalamu yayikulu yochepetsa thupi imapangidwa. Zimaphatikizapo zakudya zamankhwala, masewera olimbitsa thupi, komanso kufunsira kwa psychotherapist.
Choyamba, ndikofunikira kuti muchepetse kudya zakudya zamagulu owonjezera.
Kupatula kuchakudya:
- makeke
- ma pie
- maswiti
- ma cookie
- kuphika,
- Confectionery
- chakudya zamzitini
- ankasuta nyama
- masamba ophika
- nsomba zamchere
- nyama zamafuta
- mbatata, pasitala,
- madzi owala
- zosefukira.
Zomwe zimapangidwira tsiku lililonse zakudya ziyenera kuphatikizapo:
- masamba, zipatso,
- mkate wopanda bulawuni
- uchi (monga wogwirizira ndi shuga),
- zopangidwa mkaka,
- nyama yokonda
- nsomba
- amadyera
- mazira
- vinaigrette.
Zosankha zamasiku onse zikuthandizira kupanga dokotala - wathanzi. Muyenera kudya pafupipafupi (nthawi 5-6 patsiku), m'magawo ang'onoang'ono (kutumizira sikupitilira 250 magalamu).Usiku, muyenera kumwa kapu ya yogati kapena yogurt yamafuta ochepa.
Kamodzi pa sabata masiku osala kudya ndizovomerezeka (apulo, tchizi chanyumba, nyama, mpunga, zipatso, mkaka).
Komabe, popanda kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, zotsatira za chithandizo sizingalephereke.
Kuti muchepetse kunenepa kwambiri, ndikofunikira kuti mphamvu zomwe zimaperekedwa ndi chakudya sizimangotaya kokha, komanso kuchepa kumamveka. Zikatero, maphunziro akuthupi amathandiza.
Zida zosankhidwa bwino:
- amathandizira kuwononga mphamvu kwathunthu,
- phunzitsani mtima
- imalimbitsa ndikumanga minofu ya m'mimba,
- amalimbikitsa kutentha mafuta, kuwonda,
- Imagwira bwino ntchito yam'mapapo,
- kumawonjezera kugwira ntchito ndi mphamvu za munthu.
Zochita zolimbitsa thupi zimapangidwa pamfundo ya "zosavuta kuzisintha":
- Gawo loyambilira limaphatikizapo masewera olimbitsa thupi kuti aziwotha, kutambasula, kulumikizana mafupa, kuluka mbali zosiyanasiyana.
- Pambuyo pake, masewera olimbitsa thupi amawonjezeredwa: kuyenda, kuwala kuthamanga, squats, kudumphira m'malo.
- Ndipo pokhapokha mutatha kuchita nawo kupompa atolankhani, kukankha, kuthamanga mtunda wamtunda ndi zina zotero.
- Kuphatikiza zotsatira, ndikofunikira kusambira, kuyendetsa njinga, tenisi, kuyenda kwa Nordic.
Njira zoterezi zimaphatikizapo kupukusa thupi, kusamba kwa Russia, sauna.
Katemera amagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino pochotsa kunenepa kwambiri pamimba. Chifukwa cha kutseguka kwa mfundo zachilengedwe, njira ya kagayidwe imakulitsa m'thupi, kulemera pang'onopang'ono koma pang'onopang'ono kumagwa. Njirayi ndiyopweteka pang'ono. Singano zapadera zimayikidwa pachimake pa thupi kwa mphindi zingapo. Zotsatira zimaposa zoyembekezera zonse. Komabe, njirayi ilibe zotsatira zoyipa.
Zomwe zimasamba ndi ma sauna zimatengera kutulutsa kwamadzi kuchokera mthupi. Kutentha kwambiri m'chipinda chonyowa kumayendetsa njira za metabolic, kumalimbikitsa kudzikundikira kwa mafuta ndi kuchotsedwa kwa madzi ochulukirapo m'thupi. Palibe zodabwitsa kuti kusamba kwa Russia kumatchedwa "ochiritsa thupi ndi mzimu."
M'pofunika kuganizira kuti kukaona malo kuchipinda chonyowa kumachiritsidwa matenda angapo:
- matenda oopsa
- zamtima
- khunyu
- matenda opatsirana a pakhungu (eczema, rubella, chikuku),
- matenda oyamba ndi mafangasi.
Mutha kudziwa zambiri za kunenepa kwambiri pamimba mu vidiyo yotsatirayi:
Kunenepa kwambiri kumatha kuchiritsidwa. Chachikulu ndichakuti munthu amapeza mphamvu mwa iye yekha kuti asinthe moyo wake, kutsatira mosamalitsa dokotala.
Kunenepa kwambiri pamimba: mitundu ya kunenepa, chithandizo, zoyambitsa, zakudya
Pakati pa mitundu ya kunenepa kwambiri, chosasangalatsa komanso chowopsa thanzi ndi kunenepa kwambiri pamimba. Ndi matendawa, kudziunjikira kwambiri kwa minofu ya adipose kumachitika kumtunda ndi m'mimba. Dziwani mwatsatanetsatane momwe mkhalidwe wonenepa kwambiri umakhalira kwa munthu, momwe amadziwika ndi momwe amathandizira.
Vuto lolemera kwambiri likukula kwambiri. Kuchuluka kwa zopatsa mphamvu za calorie ndi kusachita zolimbitsa thupi zimapangitsa kunenepa kwambiri. Sikuti aliyense ndi wokonzeka kulumikizana ndi akatswiri.
Ambiri amayesa njira zosachiritsira chithandizo: wowerengeka azitsamba, zakudya zopatsa thanzi, zinthu zomwe zimalengezedwa mowonera. Zotsatira zamathandizidwe oterewa zimakhala kuti sizikupezeka kapena zimakhala zazifupi.
Kusankha koyenera ndikumvetsetsa komwe matendawa amachokera, kutsatira malangizo a akatswiri ndi njira yolumikizana yolimbana ndi mafuta m'thupi.
Mukazindikira kunenepa kwambiri pamimba, zizindikiro zotsatirazi zitha kusiyanitsidwa:
- Kusintha mawonekedwe a mtundu wa "apulo". Adipose minofu imakhazikika pamimba.
- Zovuta za ma Horona maziko, kuchuluka kwa testosterone.
- Mkhalidwe wopsinjika, wokonda "kulanda" mavuto.
- Kudya kosalamulirika, zotsatira za "m'mimba zopendekeka."
Pafupifupi odwala onse omwe ali ndi vuto lofananalo, kuchuluka kwa chiuno m'chiuno ndi 0.9: 1 kapena 1: 1.Kuopsa kwamafuta owonjezera m'mimba ndikuti nthawi zambiri kumayambitsa matenda a shuga ndi matenda ena owonjezereka, monga:
- Matenda oopsa
- Kukana insulini
- Kulephera mu uric acid kagayidwe,
- Matenda a mtima
- Matenda oopsa
- Kuchulukitsa katundu mthupi lonse, kuvala ziwalo zamkati.
Mankhwala amadziwa mitundu itatu ya kunenepa:
Mitundu yotsirizayi ikukula. Ngati madokotala m'mbuyomu adazindikira kuchuluka kwambiri kwa abambo, amayi nawonso adwala matendawa.
Madokotala amati pali zinthu zingapo zomwe zimayambitsa kuchuluka kwa mafuta am'mimba:
- Khalidwe labwino.
- Kudziwongolera kwamtsogolo kwa vuto la enzymatic.
- Njira yopanda pake yokhudza zakudya.
- Psychological kudya kwambiri kapena kuzolowera zakudya zopanda pake.
- Mowa.
- Matenda a endocrinological.
- Kwa akazi: kusintha kwa mahomoni pa nthawi ya pakati kapena zina.
- Matenda okhumudwa, komanso kumwa mankhwalawa kuti muthane nawo, kapena kumwa mankhwala okhazikika a mahomoni.
Ndi kuphatikiza zingapo mwazinthu izi, mwayi wopezeka m'matumbo am'mimba umachuluka kwambiri. Zikatero, ndikofunikira kuwunikira momwe muliri komanso kulemera kwanu komanso njira zanu zodzitchinjiriza.
Njira zopewera ndi kuchiza kunenepa kwam'mimba: momwe mungachotsere mafuta m'mimba
Kupezeka ndi kukonza zolimbitsa thupi kumakhala ndi gawo lalikulu. Katundu aliyense amathandizira ndikukula minofu, kumawonjezera mphamvu tsiku ndi tsiku ndikuwongolera thanzi.
Sitikulimbikitsidwa kuti ndiyambe ndi masewera olimbikira, monga kuthamanga kapena masewera olimbitsa thupi, chifukwa izi zimawonjezera katundu pamtima ndipo zimatha kudzetsa matenda ena. Pa gawo loyamba, masewera olimbitsa thupi aerobic, olimba, osambira ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito, kuwaphatikiza ndi zakudya zoyenera.
Mukamalemba menyu, simuyenera kuganizira kuchuluka kokha, komanso kuchuluka kwa zinthuzo. Zigawo zamapuloteni ziyenera kukhala maziko azakudya pomwe mukuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa mafuta ndi chakudya. Wofinya, wokoma, ozunza ufa ndizoletsedwa. Zakudyazi ziyenera kukhala zamasamba, zipatso, chimanga, kukhala zosiyanasiyana.
Pochiza milandu yovuta, madokotala amatha kukupatsani mankhwala othandizira kuti muchepetse njala kapena kupsinjika. Ndi iwo, mphamvu zamagetsi zidzakhala zosavuta. Komabe, pali zovuta zina, monga chizolowezi.
Ndikofunikira kupangira zakudya pasadakhale ndikukhazikitsa zakudya zonse zopatsa mphamvu, kudya zonse zofunikira mthupi.
Zakudya zotere ziyenera kukhalapo:
- Zipatso zokwanira, masamba,
- mbewu zonse, zomwe zimakhala ndi fiber yambiri, zothandizira matumbo,
- mafuta anyama, m'malo mafuta ndi masamba,
- nyama yokonda
- nsomba zamitundu yonse.
Zakumwa:
- Madzi
- tiyi wazitsamba
- wobiriwira kapena mwatsopano wobinya masamba.
Osachotsa mu zakudya:
Zakumwa zotsekemera, msuzi,
- Chakudya chofulumira
- nyama yamafuta
- mitundu yonse yosungira
- mafuta, msuzi wolemera.
Zocheperako:
Mtedza (ma almond, peants osasunthika), kuwonjezera ku saladi.
Matumbo am'mimba: zoyambitsa, madigiri, momwe mungachotsere
Endocrinologists amawona kunenepa kwam'mimba pamene kuchuluka kwa zotumphukira za adipose kumalimbikitsidwa m'mimba ndi m'mimba.
Mtundu wanenepa kwambiri umatchedwanso kuti kunenepa kwambiri kwa admin (chifukwa chogawa mafuta osungidwa m'thupi mwa amuna), apakati kapena a visceral. Ndiye kuti, kwa asing'anga, matanthauzowa ndi ofanana, ngakhale pali kusiyana pakati pa kunenepa kwambiri kwa m'mimba ndi m'mimba: mu Latin, m'mimba amatanthauza "m'mimba" ndipo viscera amatanthauza "mkati".Likukhalira kuti koyamba mankhwalawo amatengera momwe mafuta amapangidwira, ndipo chachiwiri chikutsimikizika kuti mafuta siwosinjika, koma amkati ndipo amapezeka mu omentum, depot yamafuta ndi malo ozungulira ma visceral omwe.
Munthawi yachilengedwe, minofu ya adipose imeneyi imateteza kwa iwo, koma kuchuluka kwake - kuchuluka kwa m'mimba - kumakhala ndi zotsatira zoyipa kwambiri paumoyo.
Malinga ndi kuyerekezera kwina, pafupifupi anthu 2.3 biliyoni okalamba onenepa kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi, ndipo kwazaka zopitilira zitatu chiwerengero chawo chawonjezeka kuposa nthawi zopitilira 2.5. Mwachitsanzo, ku United States, amuna osachepera 50% azaka zapakati pa 50 mpaka 79 ndipo pafupifupi 70% ya azimayi azaka izi. Ndipo kunenepa kwambiri kuphatikiza ndi matenda ashuga kunapezeka ku America 38,8 miliyoni - ali ndi malire a 0.8% mokomera amuna. Pafupifupi 32% ya anthu akuluakulu aku US (47 miliyoni) ali ndi metabolic syndrome.
Chiwerengero cha ku Canada chazaka zopitilira 18 omwe ali onenepa kwambiri chakwera kwambiri, ngakhale BMI yambiri simapitilira 35 - ndiye kuti giredi I wonenepa kwambiri.
Endocrinologists ku Brazil akuti ku 26.7% ya anyamata aku Brazil azaka za 7-7 ndi 34.6% ya atsikana azaka zofanana amakhala ndi onenepa kwambiri kapena penapake kunenepa kwambiri, nthawi zambiri pamimba.
Chiwerengero cha odwala onenepa kwambiri chachuluka ku Australia, Mexico, France, Spain, Switzerland, 27% ya milandu yodziwika yokhudza amuna onenepa kwambiri, 38% - azimayi.
Mwa Britons, kunenepa kwambiri kwakhala kukuchulukirachulukira pazaka 30 zapitazi, mpaka kufika ku 22-24% ya anthu onse aku UK.
Zomwe zimayambitsa zakunja zam'mimba zam'mimba zimayenderana ndi kuphwanya kuchuluka kwa thupi la calorie kudya ndi kuwononga mphamvu zomwe zalandiridwa - ndikugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri. Ndi moyo wokhala chete, mphamvu zosagwiritsidwa ntchito mwa mawonekedwe a triglycerides amadziunjikira mu adipocytes (maselo a minyewa yoyera ya adipose). Mwa njira, kunenepa kwambiri kumachitika osati kwambiri chifukwa cha kudya kwambiri mafuta, koma ndi zakudya zomwe zimakhala ndi mafuta ambiri, chifukwa shuga ochulukirapo motsogozedwa ndi insulin amasinthidwa mosavuta kukhala triglycerides. Chifukwa chake chiopsezo cha kunenepa kwambiri monga kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi komanso kusowa kwa zochitika zamagalimoto, palibe amene amakayikira.
Chimodzi mwazomwe zimayambitsa kunenepa kwambiri m'mimba mwa abambo ndi mowa. Omwe amatchedwa "mowa wam'mimba" amawonekera chifukwa chakuti mowa (kuphatikizapo mowa) umapereka ma calories ambiri opanda phindu lenileni la zakudya, ndipo mafuta awa akapanda kuwotchedwa, mafuta osungidwa m'mimba akuwonjezeka.
Vuto lazakudya ndilimodzi mwazifukwa zokhala onenepa kwambiri: anthu ambiri amakhala ndi chizolowezi chodzikhutiritsa ndi chakudya, kutanthauza kuti “kulanda” kupsinjika ndi kutengeka kulikonse (tidzakambirana za pathogenesis ya izi pansipa).
Zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kunenepa kwambiri kum'mimba kumalumikizidwe ndikupanga mahomoni ambiri a mapuloteni-peptide ndi ma steroid, ma neuropeptides ndi ma neurotransmitters (catecholamines), komanso momwe amathandizira, gawo lazomvera la receptors yokhudzana ndi chidwi komanso kuyankha koyenera kwamachitidwe amanjenje amanjenje. Nthawi zambiri, mavuto amtundu wa endocrine amatsimikizika.
Monga endocrinologists tazindikira, kunenepa kwambiri kwam'mimba mwa amuna (omwe poyamba amakhala ndi mafuta ochulukirapo a visceral kuposa azimayi) chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa testosterone (dihydrotestosterone). Kutsika kwa kupanga kwa ma steroid ogonana, monga momwe zimakhalira, kumawonjezera kuchuluka kwa zolandilira mu minofu, komabe, chidwi cha receptor chimachepetsedwa kwambiri, chifukwa chake, kufalikira kwa zizindikiritso kwa ma neuroreceptors a hypothalamus, omwe amawongolera njira zambiri za endocrine m'thupi, amapotozedwa.
Kuchepa kwam'mimba mwa akazi kumayamba, monga lamulo, atatha kusintha kwa kusintha kwa thupi, ndipo akufotokozedwa ndi kutsika kwachulukidwe kaphatikizidwe ka estradiol mu thumba losunga mazira.Zotsatira zake, osati kutengera kwa minofu ya brown adipose komwe kumasintha, komanso kugawa kwake mthupi. Pankhaniyi, kunenepa kwambiri pamimba ndi BMI yabwinobwino nthawi zambiri kumawonedwa (ndiye kuti, ndi kalozera wamagulu osaposa 25). Ovary ya Polycystic imapangitsa kunenepa kwambiri, kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa mahomoni ogonana achikazi. Kuphatikiza apo, hypothyroidism, kuchepa kwa chithokomiro cha chithokomiro cha chithokomiro komanso chithokomiro cholimbikitsa chithokomiro (chomwe chimapangidwa ndi gituini), chomwe chimagwira gawo lofunikira mu metabolism yayikulu, imawerengedwa kuti ndi chiopsezo cha kunenepa kwa visceral mwa akazi.
Kunenepa kwambiri pamimba mwa amayi pambuyo pobereka kumawopseza iwo omwe amapeza kilogalamu yambiri panthawi yomwe ali ndi pakati kuposa momwe ayenera kuchitira (ndipo izi ndizofanana ndi pafupifupi 43% ya amayi apakati). Zimathandizanso kunenepa kwambiri komanso kuwonjezeka kwa thupi musanakhale ndi pakati, makamaka motsutsana ndi maziko a kuchuluka kwa mahomoni prolactin m'magazi (omwe amapangidwa nthawi ya mkaka wa m'mawere ndikuwonjezera kutembenuka kwa glucose kukhala mafuta). Kukula kwa kunenepa kwambiri pamimba pambuyo pobadwa kwa mwana kumatha kukhala chimodzi mwazotsatira za Sheehan syndrome yokhudzana ndi kuchepa kwambiri kwa magazi nthawi yobereka, zomwe zimabweretsa kuwonongeka kwa maselo a pituitary.
Pakati pa kusintha kwa endocrine pathological, zinthu zotsatirazi zowopsa za kuchuluka kwa mafuta pamimba pamimba zimasiyanitsidwa:
- kuchuluka kwa adrenocorticotropic mahomoni (ACTH) ndi pituitary gland ndikuchepera kupanga kwa mahomoni okula, beta ndi gamma-lipotropins,
- kupanga kwambiri glucocorticoids (mahomoni a steroid) ndi zovuta zamagulu a adrenal cortex,
- kuchuluka kwa insulin chifukwa cha kapamba pomwe amachepetsa kupanga kwa glucagon (wolimbikitsa lipolysis - kuwonongeka kwa triglycerides m'maselo amafuta).
M'malo mwake, kuphatikiza kwa zinthu izi kumayambitsa kunenepa kwam'mimba mu metabolic syndrome. Kunenepa kwambiri pamimba ndi gawo limodzi la zovuta za metabolic syndrome ndipo zimakhudzana mwachindunji ndi kukwera kwa minofu (kukana) kwa insulini, kukula kwa hyperinsulinemia komanso kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, ndi hyperlipidemia - kuchuluka kwambiri kwa triglycerides m'magazi komanso kutsika kwambiri kwa maopeneti a lipoproteins (HDL). Nthawi yomweyo, malinga ndi kafukufuku wa zamankhwala, mu milandu 5%, metabolic syndrome imakhalapo pazovomerezeka zamthupi, mu 22% - onenepa kwambiri komanso 60% ya odwala omwe ali ndi kunenepa kwambiri pamimba.
Kudzikundikira kwamafuta a m'mimba m'mimba kungachitike ndi matenda a Cushing's (matenda a Itsenko-Cushing), omwe ali ndi vuto loledzera la pseudo-Cushing's, ndi benign pancreatic chotupa (insulinoma), yotupa, yowopsa kapena yowonongeka kwa radiation ku hypothalamus, komanso kwa odwala omwe ali ndi osowa kwambiri. ma gennd syndromes (Lawrence-Mwezi, Cohen, Carpenter, ndi zina).
Kunenepa kwambiri kwam'mimba kumatha kukhala mwa ana ndi achinyamata omwe ali ndi Frelich neuroendocrine syndrome (adiposogenital dystrophy), omwe ndi chifukwa cha kuvulala kwa craniocerebral kuvulala, neoplasms ya ubongo, kapena matenda aubongo omwe ali ndi meningitis kapena encephalitis.
Mankhwala ena, monga ma steroid ndi mankhwala ogwiritsidwa ntchito pa matenda amisala, amatha kubweretsa kunenepa kwambiri.
Kodi kunenepa kwam'mimba ndi chiyani?
Kuchokera ku Latin "m'mimba" limamasuliridwa kuti mimba. Kunenepa kwamtundu wam'mimba ndimkhalidwe womwe mafuta amadzisonkhanitsa m'derali. Silhouette ya munthu imayamba kufanana ndi apulo, ndipo index ya ma body (BMI) mwa wodwala payekhapayekha imakhalabe yolondola ndipo sikhala yopitilira 25. M'moyo watsiku ndi tsiku, mtunduwu wamagawidwe amafuta amatchedwanso kuti wamphongo kapena "mimba yamowa."
Nthawi zambiri matendawa amakhudza amuna. Mtundu wam'mimba mwa onenepa kwambiri mwa akazi sichofala, koma palinso zochitika ngati izi. Mtundu wanenepa kwambiri umawonedwa kuti ndiwowopsa kwambiri, chifukwa nthawi yambiri, mafuta amakuta ziwalo zamkati:
Ambiri mwa madipoziti amatulutsidwa m'matumbo, chifukwa chake khoma lakutsogolo kwa peritoneum limasintha. Zonsezi zimawonjezera katundu pazinthuzi, zimasokoneza kagayidwe ndi magazi, zomwe zimayambitsa kusokonezeka pantchito zamagulu ambiri amthupi. Kuphatikiza apo, mafutawo amadzimadzi amatulutsa zinthu zambiri zapoizoni, zomwe zimakhala zokhala ndi zotupa komanso zotupa zamkati. Kunenepa kwambiri kwa amuna kumatha kuyambitsa zovuta mu mkombero kapena kukula kwa tsitsi pa thupi, maonekedwe a mawonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe a abambo.
Kunenepa kwambiri ngati apulo nthawi zambiri kumachitika chifukwa cha kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi, makamaka ngati kudya kwambiri kumakhalanso ndi moyo wokhazikika. Nthawi zambiri mitundu yozungulira imalandira kuchokera kwa makolo kupita kwa ana, chifukwa chake, mtundu wamtunduwu sunasiyanitsidwe. Zikatero, chakudya chikuyenera kuyendetsedwa ndi onse m'banjamo. Pali zifukwa zina zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kunenepa kwa mtundu wam'mimba kukhale kwambiri:
- kusasamala kwa mahomoni,
- kukomoka kwa Hypothalamus,
- kusowa kwa serotonin (mahomoni omwe amayambitsa kukana kwa malingaliro ndi malingaliro abwino),
- zizolowezi zoipa kwa nthawi yayitali,
- mankhwala osokoneza bongo, kuphatikiza mankhwala a mahomoni ndi psychotropic.
Gulu
Mwa munthu wathanzi, unyinji wamafuta a visceral ndi pafupifupi 3 kg. Ndi kunenepa kwam'mimba, kuchuluka kwake kumawonjezeka kwambiri. Pathology imapangidwa mu imodzi mwanjira ziwiri:
- Minofu ya adipose imakwirira ziwalo zofunika. Uku ndi kunenepa kwambiri, komwe kumakhala kovuta kuchepetsa thupi. Kuphatikiza apo, mafuta ozungulira ziwalo ndi owopsa, chifukwa nthawi ingapo imayambitsa mavuto pantchito yawo. Kuchiza pamilandu iyi kumaphatikizaponso zakudya zokhazokha zomwe zimaphatikizidwa ndi masewera komanso kumwa mankhwala omwe adokotala adapereka.
- Mafuta amaunjikana pansi pa khungu. Uku ndi kunenepa kwambiri, komwe kumakhala kosavuta kuchotsa. Mankhwalawa amachokera ku masewera olimbitsa thupi komanso zakudya zamagulu ochepa.
Mwambiri, kunenepa kwamtundu wamimba kumatha kukayikiridwa kunyumba. Kuti muchite izi, kuyeza kuchuluka kwa chiuno ndi m'chiuno. Pathology imatsimikiziridwa ngati mulingo wawo ndi wofanana kapena wamkulu kuposa 1 mwa amuna, wofanana kapena wamkulu kuposa 0.85 mwa akazi. Kuphatikiza apo, mutha kudziwa kuopsa kwa matendawa:
- Choyamba. Amadziwika ngati kuchuluka kwa chiuno kumadutsa 80 cm mwa akazi ndi 94 cm mwa amuna.
- Wachiwiri. Pakadali pano, chiuno chimasiyanasiyana pakati pa 81.2-88.6 masentimita mwa azimayi ndi 94.2101.3 cm.
- Chachitatu. Gawo lomaliza, pomwe kukula kwamchiuno mwa amuna kupitirira 102.6 cm, mwa akazi - 88.9 cm.
Mbali yokhala ndi gawo lalikulu m'chiuno chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa m'mimba. Odwala omwe adapezeka ndi izi adazindikira kugunda kwamtima kwakanthawi ngakhale atachita masewera olimbitsa thupi pang'ono. Potengera maziko awa, thukuta limachulukirachulukira, kusilira komanso kupanga malamba, zomwe sizinali m'mbuyomu, zimawonedwa. Zizindikiro zina za kunenepa kwam'mimba:
- dziko lokhumudwa
- kutentha kwa mtima
- kuphwanya kagwiridwe ka ntchito yogaya chakudya,
- mitsempha ya varicose,
- ziphuphu
- dyslipidemia - kuphwanya mafuta kagayidwe,
- kusabereka
- kusamba kwa azimayi,
- kuchepa kwa magwiridwe
- kuchepa kugonana,
- kusintha kwa magazi,
- kulemera m'mimba mutatha kudya,
- kulakalaka
- amakonda chimfine,
- kuthamanga kwa magazi.
Zovuta zotheka
Choopsa chachikulu chodzikundikira mafuta ochulukirapo a visceral ndi kukakamira ziwalo zamkati, zomwe zimasokoneza ntchito yawo, kumapangitsa magazi kutuluka kwambiri kwa magazi ndi magazi. Malinga ndi kafukufuku wina, madipoziti ngati amenewa amachititsa kupanga cortisol, mahomoni opsinjika. Chifukwa cha izi, munthu amakhala ndi nkhawa. Zotsatira zake, ziwalo zamunthu zimagwira ntchito molimbika.
Chinthu china chopangidwa chifukwa cha mafuta a visceral ndi mahomoni akumatupa, omwe ngakhale chimfine wamba chimatha kukhala choyipa.Ma pathologies otsatirawa akuphatikizidwa pamndandanda wazovuta zam'mimba zamtundu wanenepa kwambiri:
- utachepa potency
- kulephera kwa mtima
- gout
- kuphwanya uric acid kagayidwe,
- matenda ashuga
- Mphumu ya bronchial,
- Matenda a Alzheimer's
- kulephera kwa msambo
- mawonekedwe a mkazi wosafunikira tsitsi,
- kusabereka
- polycystic ovary syndrome,
- stroke, kugunda kwamtima,
- mafuta achilengedwe a chiwindi,
- mchere umalowa m'malo,
- kuwerengetsa cholecystitis.
Zizindikiro
Gawo loyamba pakupezeka matendawa ndi kuphunzira mbiri yachipatala ya wodwalayo: Umu ndi momwe dokotala angakhazikitsire chinthu chomwe chingapangitse kuti munthu athe kunenepa kwambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, katswiri amatenga anamnesis. Kuti achite izi, amaphunzira zambiri zokhudzana ndi zakudya komanso zochita zolimbitsa thupi za wodwalayo, akumveketsa kukhalapo kwa zizolowezi zoipa. Kuwona kuchuluka kwa kunenepa kumachitika motere:
- Dokotala amafunsira wodwalayo za zomwe akuwonetsa komanso nthawi yomwe akuwonekera.
- Kenako, katswiriyo amachititsa chidwi cha khoma lakunja la m'mimba.
- Gawo lotsatira ndikuyezera mawonekedwe am'mimba, kuyeza ndi kuyesa index yam'mimba.
Gawo lachiwiri lazidziwitso ndi kafukufuku wa zasayansi. Kuyesedwa kwa magazi ndi a biochemical amodzi kwa wodwalayo. Amathandizira kuzindikira zamiseche kapangidwe kazinthu zopatsa munthu zochita, zomwe zimadziwika ndi kunenepa kwamtundu wam'mimba. Kuyesedwa kwa magazi kumatengedwa chifukwa cha triglycerides, insulin, glucose, cholesterol. Mkodzo wa wodwalayo umayesedwa kuchuluka kwa cortisol. Kuchokera munjira zodziwitsa anthu zagwiritsidwa ntchito:
- Zojambula pogwiritsa ntchito sing'anga. Mukunenepa kwambiri, kafukufukuyu satha kusintha, koma amatha kudziwa adenoma ya pituitary.
- Kuyerekezera ndi maginito a resonance imaging (CT, MRI). Izi zimachitika pofuna kudziwa kusintha kapena kuwonongeka kwa ziwalo zamkati.
- Kuyesa kwa Ultrasound (ultrasound) kwam'mimba. Ndondomeko ndikofunikira kuyeza kuchuluka kwa mafuta a visceral.
- Gastroscopy Amalandira pafupifupi odwala onse omwe ali ndi matenda am'mimba. Njirayi imakhala pakupenda khoma la m'mimba pogwiritsa ntchito endoscope, yomwe imayikidwa mkamwa kudzera m'mero.
Chithandizo cha kunenepa kwam'mimba
Chithandizo chokhudza kunenepa koterocho ndi chovuta. Kuchiza kumatha kutenga nthawi yambiri, chifukwa odwala ayenera kutaya ma kilogalamu ambiri. Mwambiri, dongosolo la mankhwalawa limaphatikizapo magawo otsatirawa:
- kusintha kwa moyo
- kusintha kwa chakudya choyenera, chopatsa mphamvu, koma chopatsa thanzi,
- mawu oyambira tsiku ndi tsiku okwanira olimbitsa thupi,
- Chithandizo cha matenda ophatikizika,
- kumwa mankhwala monga adalangizidwa ndi dokotala.
Kuphatikizika kwa physiotherapy olimbitsa thupi kumasankhidwa payekha kwa wodwala aliyense, poganizira kuchuluka kwa kunenepa kwambiri komanso thanzi. Mkhalidwe wofunikira pakuchita bwino kwa mankhwala ndi malingaliro. Wodwala ayenera kumvetsetsa kuti kuchepa thupi ndikuwongolera moyo kumatheka pokhapokha ngati ali ndi chidwi. Ngati munthu sawunikira zakudya, zizolowezi, zolimbitsa thupi, ndiye kuti palibe mankhwala omwe angamuthandize kukhala wathanzi. Mankhwala nawonso ali gawo la mankhwalawo, koma pokhapokha pazogwirizana ndi zakudya ndi masewera. Madokotala amatha kukupatsani mankhwala awa:
- Metformin. Chizindikiro chachikulu chogwiritsira ntchito ndi mtundu 1 komanso matenda ashuga 2. Kuphatikiza apo, Metformin imalimbikitsidwa kwa odwala omwe ali ndi kunenepa kwambiri. Akazi amalembedwa kuti apangidwe ndi ovary ya polycystic, koma kokha moyang'aniridwa ndi achipatala. Mphamvu yayikulu ya Metformin ndi kuchepa kwa mayamwidwe amkati kuchokera m'matumbo motsutsana ndi maziko akuwonjezeka kwa chidwi cha minofu kupita ku insulin.
- Orlistat. Zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mankhwala zimalepheretsa kulowa kwa triglycerides m'magazi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuchepa kwa mphamvu. Chifukwa cha izi, thupi laumunthu limatulutsa mafuta kuzinthu zomwe zimasungidwa.Mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati kunenepa kwambiri kuti muchepetse kunenepa, koma pokhapokha ngati pali zakudya.
- Sibutramine. Mankhwalawa ali ndi anorexigenic, chifukwa chake, amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza wodwala wokhala ndi cholozera cha 30 kapena kupitirira. Chifukwa cha kudya kwa Sibutramine, kumverera kwa satiety kumalimbikitsidwa, ndipo chilimbikitso chimachepa.
Mphamvu yamphamvu
Kutsatira zakudya zamagulu owerengeka ndi gawo lofunikira pochiza kunenepa kwambiri. Zopatsa kalori zimachepetsedwa ndi magawo 300-500 poyerekeza ndi zakudya zomwe anthu amakonda. Kuchepetsa thupi kumachitika osati pongochepetsa mphamvu ya chakudya, komanso mwa kusintha zinthu zoyipa ndi zaumoyo. Chiletso chikuphatikiza:
- shuga
- Kuphika batala
- sodas zabwino
- maswiti
- Confectionery
- mbatata yokazinga
- nkhumba
- mayonesi, ketchup,
- mafuta amkaka ambiri,
- mankhwala omalizidwa.
Zakudya ziyenera kukhala zonyowa, zophikidwa kapena zophika. Simuyenera kukana mafuta kwathunthu - zimatha kupezeka kuchokera ku mafuta a masamba, avocados, mbewu, mtedza, ndi nsomba zamafuta. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti muphatikize zotsatirazi muzakudya:
- mkaka wokhala ndi mafuta ochepa,
- nsomba zam'nyanja
- mazira
- kudya nyama
- nyemba
- Masamba atsopano ndi zipatso
- buledi wathunthu
- chimanga.
Zochita zolimbitsa thupi
Popeza kulemera kambiri nthawi zambiri kumalumikizidwa ndi kusachita masewera olimbitsa thupi (kukhalanso ndi moyo), chikhalidwe chofunikira kuti achepetse ndikuwonjezera zolimbitsa thupi. Ponena za masewera ena, funsani kwa dokotala, chifukwa si mitundu yawo yonse yomwe ili yoyenera kwa anthu onenepa kwambiri. Ngati onenepa kwambiri, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito njira zotsatirazi zolimbitsa thupi:
- Kupsinjika pang'ono pamagawo ndi kusambira kosiyana. Kuti muchepetse kunenepa kwambiri, maphunziro 3-4 pa sabata kwa mphindi 45-60 ndiokwanira.
- Njira yosavuta yowonjezera zolimbitsa thupi ndiyenda. Zomwe zikukhudzidwa pano si kuthamanga, koma nthawi. Kwa ola limodzi, thupi limakhala pafupifupi 400 kcal.
- Kulima dimba, kuyenda, masewera olimbitsa thupi ndi mpweya wabwino.
Pambuyo pochepetsa kwambiri kulemera, mutha kuwonjezera mphamvu zamagetsi - masewera olimbitsa thupi omwe muli ndi dumbbells ndi zida zina. Izi ndizofunikira kuti khungu lanu lisagwe kwambiri. Ntchito zonse zigawidwe ndi tsiku la sabata. Mwachitsanzo, Lolemba, katundu minofu ya miyendo, Lachitatu - kumbuyo, Loweruka - lamba wamapewa. Pamapeto pa phunziro lililonse, mutha kuphunzitsa abambo anu. Ndikofunikira kuti musachulukane mopitirira muyeso, apo ayi kuchuluka kwa m'mimba kumangokulira, popeza minofu ikuluzanso kukula pansi pa mafuta.
Mankhwala othandizira
Ndi kunenepa kwamtundu uliwonse, chithandizo cha opaleshoni chikuwonetsedwa pokhapokha ngati chithandizo chokhazikika sichitha. Chizindikiro cha njira yodalirika yamankhwala - kwa miyezi itatu kutsatira kwathunthu zakudya sikunapeze zotsatira. Potere, poganizira momwe wodwalayo alili, dokotala amatha kupereka njira zingapo zochizira opaleshoni:
- Zomangira. Uwu ndi njira yochitira opaleshoni ya kunenepa komwe bandeji imayikidwa pamimba yapamwamba. Ndi mphete, yomwe pakutha kwa ntchito imapereka kufinya kwa chiwalo. Chifukwa cha izi, m'mimba imagawika m'madipatimenti awiri - ang'ono ndi akulu. Zolemba za Saturday zimapezeka kumtunda kwa chiwalo, chomwe chili chaching'ono. Chifukwa cha kupatukana kwake ndi gawo lotsika, munthu amadzala mwachangu.
- Opaleshoni yam'mimba. Ndi opaleshoni yotere, osati m'mimba yokha, komanso matumbo ang'onoang'ono amakhudzidwa. Kuchokera pamimba pamimba, dokotalayo amatenga timagawo tating'onoting'ono, kamene kenako timapanga timimba tating'onoting'ono: amayikidwa pamimba yayikulu. Chifukwa cha izi, wodwala mtsogolo sangadye chakudya chambiri.
- Pulasitiki woyima. Umu ndi mtundu wa abdominoplasty. Chomwe chimagwirira ntchito ndikuwongolera pamimba kuti achotse mbali zazikuluzikulu za minofu yambiri kapena kuchitira kunenepa kwambiri.
- Kuyambitsa kumimba kwam'mimba. Njirayi imatchulidwanso kuti ballooning.Ndi iyo, balloon ya mphira wa silicone imayambitsidwa m'mimba, wokhala ndi voliyumu ya 400-700 ml. Pamenepo, chipangizocho chimatupa ndipo chimagwira gawo lalikulu la chiwalo. Njirayi siyowopsa, wodwalayo sayenera kukhala kuchipatala. Silinda samangoleketsa kudya zambiri, komanso amakwiyitsa masitayilo, chifukwa amachokera mwachangu.
Njira za anthu
Njira zina zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati kuwonjezera pa chithandizo chachikulu chomwe dokotala watchulidwa. Kudzola zakudya kumathandizira kuti munthu asakhale ndi chidwi chofuna kudya, kutsitsa mafuta m'thupi, komanso kuchepetsa kugaya. Otsatirawa amatengedwa kuti ndi othandiza:
- Kwa 250 ml ya madzi, tengani 1 tbsp. l Muzu wosankha wonenepa. Phatikizani zida zosaphika ndi madzi otentha, zilekeni zipite mphindi 30-60. Musanagwiritse ntchito, kupsyinjika, imwani mankhwalawa pa 0,5 tbsp. theka la ola musanadye.
- Masamba oyera oyera a starain kapena starfish amawonjezeredwa tsiku lililonse ku saladi. Izi amadyera bwino mbatata, horseradish, anyezi.
- Pogaya mu ufa 2-3 tbsp. l fenugreek nthanga. Gwiritsani ntchito mankhwalawa pakamwa katatu pa tsiku kwa 1 tsp.
- Sakanizani 1 tbsp. l nettle wosenda, dandelion, parsley, senna masamba, timbewu ndi katsabola. Tengani 2 tbsp. l kusonkha, kutsanulira iwo kapu yamadzi otentha. Pukuta msuzi ndi msuzi, chokani kwa maola 2. Imwani mankhwalawa m'mawa 2 2.
- Thirani 1 tbsp. l zouma zouma 200 ml ya madzi otentha, kubweretsa kwa chithupsa kenako kuda kwa pafupifupi mphindi 10. Gwiritsani ntchito mankhwalawa masana, imwani kutentha.
Kupewa
Mkhalidwe wofunikira popewa kunenepa kwambiri komanso kunenepa kwambiri ndizakudya zabwino komanso zopatsa thanzi. M'malo mophatikiza chakudya (maswiti), muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito othamanga pang'onopang'ono monga mbewu ya chimanga yosiyanasiyana. Zakudyazi ziyenera kuphatikizapo kuchuluka kwa zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba, popeza zimakhala ndi fiber yambiri. Zinthu zothandiza ndi mkaka zokhala ndi mafuta ochepa. Kuphatikiza pa kukonza matenda, kuphatikiza kumaphatikizanso izi:
- mankhwala okwanira adokotala
- kutsatira moyo wakhama,
- kusiya zizolowezi zoipa,
- Kuchotsa kwa kupsinjika ndi kukhumudwa,
- kulimbitsa m'mimba,
- Chithandizo cha matenda omwe amayambitsa matenda omwe angakhale pangozi yolemera kwambiri.
Akalankhula za kunenepa kwambiri pamimba
Chitsulo chachikulu pakuwunika kwa matenda amtundu uliwonse wa kunenepa kwambiri ndi BMI (index ya thupi) ya 25-30 ndi apamwamba. M'pofunikanso kuti tidziwe njira yomwe ingayambitse matenda, kukula kwake ndi mtundu wake. Nthawi yomweyo, amatsogozedwa ndi mawonekedwe a chithunzi ndi muyeso wopangidwa ndi kulemera kwakukulu.
Kunenepa kwambiri pamimba kumadziwika ndi kuchuluka kwa mafuta m'thupi komanso m'mimba, ndikumagwira khosi, nkhope, lamba. Amatchulidwanso pamwamba, android, ndipo chithunzichi chikufanizidwa ndi apulo. Amuna nthawi zambiri amakambirana za kukhalapo kwa bere wam'mimba, ngakhale osamwa mowa.
Kuzindikira kwaulere kwamafuta ochulukirapo kuchipatala Dr. Bormental, onetsetsani kuti mulembetse tsopano ndikupeza mphatso!
Kusintha m'chiuno ndi kunenepa kwamtunduwu sikuchitika, ndipo ndi madipoziti akulu kulibe. Mimba imakulitsidwa ndi kuzunguliridwa, imafalikira momveka bwino kupyola mzere wa pubis, singathenso kuzimiririka kwathunthu ngakhale itagona kumbuyo. Nthawi yomweyo, matako ndi zotsika kwambiri zimawoneka “zonenepa” ngakhale zitakhala ndi mafuta ochulukirapo.
Njira zazikulu zamankhwala zothandizira matenda awa:
- Kuwonjezeka kwa OT (m'chiuno mozungulira) zochulukirapo pazowerengeka. Kwa akazi, chiwerengerochi sichiyenera kupitirira 88cm, kwa amuna - 102cm. Kuyeza koyezera m'chiuno kumaonedwa kuti ndi njira yofunika kwambiri yochitira kafukufuku wamavuto am'mimba.
- Sinthani mulingo pakati pa chiuno ndi m'chiuno. Mwa akazi, gawo ili limakhala loposa 0.85, mwa amuna - opitilira 1.0.
"Apulo" sichinthu chofunikira konse, simuyenera kulemba kwa minofu yam'mimba yophunzitsidwa. Uwu ndi njira yoopsa kwambiri yokhala ndi chiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga matenda osiyanasiyana. Anthu omwe ali ndi vuto lotere amalangizidwa kukaonana ndi dokotala, chifukwa zimatha kukhala zovuta kuti azimayi athetse kunenepa kwambiri pamimba ndikulimbana ndi zovuta zomwe zimapangidwa kale popanda thandizo la akatswiri.
Phunzirani zomwe zimapangitsa kunenepa kwambiri komanso momwe mungachedwetsere kunenepa
Lowani nawo ufulu waulere
kulandila kwa wazakudya!
Zomwe zimathandizira pamfundoyi
M'mimba kunenepa kwambiri:
- Khalidwe labwino.
- Chakudya chopanda tanthauzo. Anthu omwe amakonda kunenepa kwambiri amakonda zakudya zamafuta ambiri, zokhala ndi mafuta ochulukirapo m'zakudya zawo, kudya zakudya zam'tsogolo, zakudya zina zopatsa mphamvu, zomwe zimatchedwa "zinyalala za chakudya" (tchipisi, oyambitsa zakudya zowonjezera, ma cookie, ndi zina zambiri). Kuchulukitsa, chakudya chambiri nthawi zambiri ndizofunikira.
- Kukondera kwam Endocrine. Itha kuphatikizidwa ndi nthawi ya kubereka komanso mkaka wa m'mawere, kusankhidwa bwino kwa njira zakulera zamkamwa, kukanika kwa chithokomiro cha chithokomiro komanso dongosolo la hypothalamic-pituitary, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ena a mahomoni. Chofunikira kwambiri ndikusinthanso komwe kumachitika posamba.
- Zovuta zina zamaganizidwe (makamaka zamavuto akakhala ndi nkhawa), kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala opha matenda, ma antipsychotic ndi mankhwala ena omwe ali ndi vuto la psychotropic.
- Kuchuluka kwa uchidakwa.
- Kupsinjika kwakanthawi, kubwereza psychoemotional zochuluka, kugwira ntchito mopitirira muyeso.
- Kusowa tulo, kusayang'anira kuzungulira kwa kugona (mwachitsanzo, kusintha kosiyanasiyana, ntchito yosinthana, ndi zina zambiri).
Chizolowezi chokhala ndi mawonekedwe a visceral chingakhalenso chibadwa.
Mukufuniranji mafuta a visceral?
Maziko a mitundu yonse ya minofu ya adipose maselo amafuta - adipocytes. Amatha kudziunjikira mafuta, omwe amakhala pafupifupi gawo lonse la cytoplasm yawo. Ichi ndi "njira yosungira" yamphamvu yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati kutopa kapena kufalikira kwazinthu zina. Adipose minofu imaphatikizidwanso mu thermoregulation, imateteza ndikuthandizira mapangidwe ofunikira a anatomical. Koma ntchito zake sizimathera pompo.
Mafuta a minofu ndimapangidwe othandizira; pakadali pano, ali ndi ziwalo zotumphukira za endocrine. Ndipo pamlingo waukulu kwambiri izi zikugwira ntchito m'mafuta a visceral. Imapanga zinthu zofunikira kwachilengedwe zomwe zimakhudzana ndi kayendetsedwe kazinthu zambiri mthupi la munthu:
- Ma Estrogens opangidwa kuchokera ku adrenal androgens mothandizidwa ndi adipocyte aromatase. Amapangidwa mu thupi laimuna, ndipo kunenepa kwambiri, kukula kwa timadzi timeneti kumakhala kofunikira kwambiri m'thupi.
- Leptin ndi timadzi timene timayambitsa matenda. Chofunikira pa dongosolo la kayendetsedwe ka mphamvu ya kagayidwe kachakudya mthupi, limakhudzidwa ndi kayendetsedwe kazinthu zam'mimba ndikusunga chidwi cha maselo kuti apange insulin.
- Adiponectin ndi timadzi tambiri timene timayang'ananso mphamvu homeostasis. Amatenga nawo gawo la glucose ndi mafuta acid metabolism mu minofu yamafupa, myocardium ndi m'chiwindi. Amakhalanso ndi anti-atherosulinotic (anti-atherogenic) komanso anti-yotupa.
- Angiotensinogen. Ndiwotsogola kwa mahomoni angiotensin, omwe ali ndi vuto la vasoconstrictive ndipo potero amathandizira kuwonjezeka kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi.
- Zinthu zomwe zimakhudzana ndi kutulutsa kosakhudzana kwenikweni ndi chitetezo chamthupi mthupi: ma prostaglandins, interleukin 6 (IL6), chotor necrosis factor α (TNFα). Ena mwa iwo amawongolera kukula kwa maselo ndipo ali m'gulu la chitetezo cha antitumor.
- Insulin-like grow factor 1 (IPFR1), yomwe imayang'anira kayendedwe ka maselo, kuchuluka kwawo kwa kuchuluka (magawano, kukula ndi akatswiri).
- Adrenomedullin.Imakhala ndi vasodilating ndi antioxidant zotsatira, imateteza mtima kuti usawonongeke (mtima ndi zotsatira)
- Fibrinogen, yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pophwanya njira zopangira magazi.
Adipose minofu ndi gwero lenileni la mafuta achilengedwe aulere (osasankhidwa). Mu thupi, ndi gawo lofunikira lamphamvu kwa maselo am'mimba ndipo limasinthidwa kukhala ma triglycerides ndi ma phospholipids, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pakumanga kwa membrane ndi maselo komanso kubisala kwa zinthu zingapo zogwira ntchito.
Mafuta ochulukirapo ndi gawo limodzi lofunikira la kayendetsedwe kazinthu zamathupi. Kusintha kwa kuchuluka kwake kumakhudza thanzi la anthu, ndipo zovuta zambiri zomwe zikubwera sizingasinthe ndipo zimayenderana ndi chiwopsezo cha kufa msanga. Ndi iwo omwe nthawi zambiri amakhala chifukwa chopita kwa dokotala, ndipo nthawi zambiri kunenepa kwambiri komwe kumayambitsa matenda kumakhalabe popanda chidwi. Njira imeneyi imachepetsa kuthandizira kwa mankhwalawa ndipo imakulitsa kudwala.
Kuopsa kwa kuchuluka kwa visceral fiber
Kuchuluka kwambiri kwa mafuta a visceral kumabweretsa kukondera kwa endocrine, ndikupanga zovuta za yachiwiri metabolic. Izi zimatchedwa metabolic syndrome. Zimawonjezera kwambiri ngozi zakukula kwa matenda angapo, ndikugonjetsedwa kwa ziwalo zambiri ndi machitidwe amthupi.
Zowonetsa zazikuluzikulu za metabolic acid mu kunenepa kwambiri pamimba ndi monga:
- Kuwonjezeka kwa seramu m'magulu a triglycerides, cholesterol yaulere komanso tizigawo ting'onoting'ono ta lipoproteins. Kusavomerezeka kwa mawonekedwe a lipid kumatchedwa atherogenic dyslipidemia, kumathandizira kuyika kwa cholesterol pansi pa intima (mkati mwa membrane) wamitsempha ndikupanga atherosulinosis.
- Kuchulukitsa kwa mitundu ya pro-yotupa. Izi zimapangitsa kuwonongeka kosatsata makoma amitsempha yamagazi, myocardium (minofu ya mtima), mafupa ndi ziwalo zina, kumachepetsa mayendedwe obwezeretsanso, kumawonjezera chiopsezo cha zovuta ndi matenda osachiritsika.
- Kusintha kwa kagayidwe kazakudya mu mawonekedwe a insulin kukana (kuchepa kwa chidwi cha maselo kupita ku insulin) ndi insulinemia (kuchuluka kwa insulin m'magazi). Izi zimatsimikizira kukula kwa mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga komanso kuthandizira zovuta zakudya. Komanso, kukana insulini kumatha kukhalapo popanda kuchepa kwa kulolera kwa glucose, kuphatikiza mwa anthu omwe ali ndi BMI yapamwamba pang'ono.
- Zosintha mu khoma la mtima, kusintha kwa matenda oopsa.
- Kuchepa kwa chitetezo cha antitumor.
- Kuberekera dongosolo dysfunction.
- Kuphwanya magazi pakupanga kwamagazi, ndikuthekera kwa thrombosis.
Kusokonezeka kwa metabolic syndrome kumachitika osati kokha mwa kusintha kwa kuchuluka kwa mahomoni opangidwa ndi lipocytes. Dongosolo la endocrine limagwira ntchito molingana ndi mfundo ya mayankho, ndipo kupatuka kulikonse komwe kumawoneka kumabweretsa kuwonongeka kwachiwiri kwa mahomoni. Chifukwa chake, kwa anthu ambiri onenepa sikokwanira kutsatira zakudya. Angafunike chithandizo ndi endocrinologist, chifukwa kulimbana ndi kunenepa kwakumimba popanda kukonza mawonekedwe a mahomoni sikuti nthawi zonse kumakhala kothandiza.
Mavuto a Kunenepa Kwam'mimba
Visceral mtundu wa kunenepa umadziwika kuti ndiwosinthika pazinthu zomwe zingayambitse matenda ambiri. Ambiri aiwo ali ndi zovuta za metabolic syndrome, pomwe zina zimayenderana ndi zovuta za biomeological.
Zotsatira zoyipa komanso zovuta kwambiri za metabolic syndrome mu kunenepa kwambiri:
- Matenda a mtima, omwe amayamba makamaka chifukwa cha kusintha kwa ma atherothrombotic mu mtima. Anthu onenepa amatengedwa kuti azitha kudwala matenda a mtima komanso kupweteka kwa mtima, kupunduka kwamtima, mtima.Kafukufuku awonetsa kuti kuchuluka kwa kulemera kulikonse kwa 10% kumayambitsa kuwonjezeka kwa chiwopsezo cha matenda a mtima mkati mwa 5 zaka ndi 10%.
- Matenda oopsa oopsa komanso mavuto omwe amabwera chifukwa cha masoka achilengedwe olimbitsa mtima (kugunda kwa mtima ndi sitiroko) komanso matenda oopsa a m'mimba otupa. Ngakhale kuwonjezeka kwa 5% m'thupi kumapangitsa kuti munthu akhale ndi matenda oopsa chifukwa cha 30% (pazaka 4 zotsatira).
- Kukana kwa insulin ndi matenda a shuga a 2.
- Atherogenic dyslipidemia, kenako atherosulinotic zotupa zazikulu zotengera ziwiya. Nthawi zambiri, cholesterol malo amapezeka mu thoracic ndi m'mimba aorta, mu carotid mitsempha, m'mitsempha ya mtima, ubongo, impso, ndi mitsempha yam'munsi. Amatha kuletsa mpaka 70-80% ya lumen yam'madzi, yomwe imakhala yodzala ndikukula kwa ischemia (kufa ndi njala ya oxygen) m'magazi othandizira magazi.
- Kubala. Amalumikizidwa ndi kuwonjezeka kwa kachigawo kakang'ono ka ma estrogens komanso kusintha kwachiwiri pamlingo wa mahomoni ena ogonana. Amayi amakhala ndi vuto la kuchepa kwa msambo, ndipo amatha kusabereka. Pa kunenepa kwambiri kwaunyamata, kukulitsa chizolowezi chakugonana ndikotheka. Mwa amuna, kusinthika kwa chiwerengero kumachitika molingana ndi mtundu wa akazi, libido ndi potency kuchepa, gynecomastia amawonekera.
Kunenepa kwambiri kumawonjezera chiopsezo cha khansa. Amayi amatha kupezeka ndi khansa ya endometrial (kupweteka kwapakati pa chiberekero chamkati) ndi khansa ya m'mawere, ndipo amuna amakonda chizolowezi cha colon.
Mavuto osanenepetsa a kunenepa kwambiri
Mukunenepa kwambiri, zovuta zina nthawi zambiri zimapezeka zomwe sizikugwirizana mwachindunji ndi matenda a metabolic. Mwachitsanzo, ma depceral amana amathandizira kusokoneza kayendetsedwe ka ziwalo zamkati, zomwe zimawonekera ndikulowetsa ndi kupinikiza mafuta "chipolopolo". Zikondamoyo, impso, ndi mtima zimavutika kwambiri ndi izi.
Anthu onenepa kwambiri amakhalanso ndi kusintha kosintha kwa msambo ndi ziwiya zazikulu. Kunenepa kwambiri nthawi zonse kumabweretsa katundu wambiri pamitsempha yamafupa, koma mwa kunenepa kwambiri m'mimba, chiopsezo cha kufooka kwa mtima kwambiri. Izi sizimakhudzana ndimatenda a metabolic okha, komanso kusintha kosuntha pakati pakukoka ndi kusintha kwa kusintha kwa msana ndi kuwonjezeka kwakukulu pamimba.
Kunenepa kwambiri kwa Visceral kumagwirizananso ndi chiwopsezo chowonjezeka cha mitsempha ya varicose yam'munsi yam'munsi komanso ziwalo za pelvic. Mafuta ochulukirapo am'mimba komanso kuwonjezeka kwamkati mwa m'mimba kumasokoneza kutulutsa kwamkati kuchokera kumunsi, komwe, motsutsana ndi maziko osakwanira zolimbitsa thupi, limatsimikizira kukula kwa mitsempha ya varicose.
Kodi mimba yayikulu ndimanenepa nthawi zonse?
Ndikofunika kumvetsetsa kuti kuwonjezeka kwamphamvu m'mimba kumatha kuchitika osati kokha ndi mafuta ochulukirapo, komanso ndi matenda am'mimba. Mwachitsanzo, kuyezetsa kumatha kuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa madzimadzi (ascites), kuchuluka kwa mapangidwe (chotupa) cha magwero osiyanasiyana, kuwonjezeka kwachilendo komanso kutalika kwa matumbo, ndi matenda ena.
Mavutowa atha kuphatikizidwa ndi kukhala wonenepa kwambiri. Mafuta ochulukirapo amadzaza pamenepa amadzaza matendawa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mudzayang'ane ndi adotolo ndikukhazikitsa chithandizo chofunikira. Chifukwa chake, anthu onenepa kwambiri sayenera kunyalanyaza upangiri wa akatswiri ndi mayeso, makamaka pakakhala zodabwitsazi zoopsa zochokera kugaya chakudya kapena chiwindi. Kuzindikiranso ndikofunikira ngati zikuwoneka kuti simungathe kuchepa thupi komanso kunenepa kwambiri pamimba, ndipo m'mimba amakhalabe ozunguliridwa bwino ndi kuchepa kwakukulu kwa thupi.
Chinanso chomwe chimapangitsa kuti m'mimba pakhale kunenepa kwambiri sikukutidwa kwamafuta amkati. Zosamvetseka mokwanira, koma omanga makono amakono amakhala ndi vuto ili.Amakhala ndi mafuta ochepa kwambiri am'mimba komanso otchulidwa bwino m'mimba, omwe amaphatikizidwa ndi m'mimba ya convex. Chomwe chimapangitsa izi kukhala ndizosagwirizana ndi metabolic syndrome.
Zovuta zoterezi m'magulu omanga thupi zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi kusakhazikika kwa mahomoni komwe kumachitika mankhwala ena akagwiritsidwa ntchito polimbikitsa minofu kukula (hypertrophy). Zowopsa kwambiri pamenepa ndi ndalama zochokera mu mahomoni okula, omwe amatchedwanso mahomoni okula. Samangoyambitsa matenda a metabolic, komanso amathanso kukulitsa kukula kwamkati mwa ziwalo zamkati ndi ziwalo za thupi.
Kufunika kotani
Kunenepa kwambiri pamimba kumafunikira njira yochizira yokwanira, ndikofunikira kuti muchotse vutoli moyang'aniridwa ndi dokotala. Musanayambe chithandizo, ndikofunika kupimidwa kuti muwonetsere kuopsa kwa kagayidwe kachakudya ndi zovuta zake. Kuunikiraku zikuthandizanso kudziwa zinthu zowonjezera komanso matenda ophatikizika omwe angachedwetse kukwaniritsa cholinga.
Kafukufuku woyambira wa minyewa yam'mimba yokhudza kunenepa kwambiri uyenera kuphatikizapo:
- Kufunsira kwa akatswiri othandizira (oyambira komanso otengera zotsatira za mayeso), ndi kuwunika kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi, kukhazikika kwa zizindikiro za anthropometric ndi kutsimikiza kwa BMI. M'magulu ena azachipatala, kuzindikira koyambirira kumeneku kumachitika ndi dokotala wazachipatala.
- ECG
- Kuyesa kwamwazi wamagazi. Glucose wamagazi, bilirubin yathunthu ndi zigawo zake, urea, creatinine, mapuloteni onse, ma lipid mbiri (triglycerides, cholesterol yathunthu, zigawo za lipoprotein) zimayendera. Ngati ndi kotheka, sinthani zina.
- Kufunsira kwa endocrinologist.
- Kuzindikiritsa kukana kwa insulini komanso kusokonezeka kwa kagayidwe kazakudya: kutsimikiza kusala kwama insulin, kuyesa kwa glucose. Kuunika koteroko nthawi zambiri kumayikidwa ndi endocrinologist.
Ngati zizindikiro za atherosulinosis, zamtima zam'magazi, matenda oopsa, kupatuka kwa kagayidwe kazakudya komanso zovuta zina zikapezeka, kupimidwa kotheka ndikotheka. Wodwalayo atha kutumizidwa kwa ultrasound yam'mimba, ziwonetsero zazikulu za mtima ndi mtima, kwa mtima. Amayi omwe ali ndi vuto losamba ayenera kusanthula makamaka ndi dokotala wazachipatala.
Kufufuzako kumafunanso odwala omwe ali ndi kunenepa kwambiri, omwe poyamba amapita kwa dokotala chifukwa cha matenda ogwirizana ndi kunenepa kwambiri. Inde, kuthetsa kunenepa kwambiri kumachepetsa chiopsezo cha zovuta zamtima ndi chithokomiro, kubwezeretsa zomwe zimachitika pakadali pano ndikuwongolera kudalirika konse.
Zoyenera kuchita. Mfundo zachithandizo
Chithandizo cha kunenepa kwambiri pamimba chizikhala ndi cholinga chochepetsa thupi, kukonza matendawa omwe ali ndi vuto la metabolism, komanso kubwezera zovuta zomwe zapezeka kale. Njira yophatikizidwa yotereyi imathandizira kukhala wathanzi pakadali pano, kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha ngozi zazikulu zam'mitsempha (stroko, kugunda kwa mtima) ndikukhala choletsa matenda ambiri.
Tiyenera kumvetsetsa kuti sizingatheke kuchotsa mafuta ochulukirapo a visceral kudzera mu opaleshoni ya pulasitiki, liposuction, kutikita minofu, jakisoni kapena njira zamavuto. Amatha kuchotsa pang'ono minyewa yokha, popanda kuthana ndi vutoli komanso osachotsa zovuta zomwe zilipo.
Koma chithandizo cha opareshoni cha kunenepa kwambiri chikugwiritsidwabe ntchito. Ngati pali zisonyezo, ntchito zimachitika ndicholinga chochepetsa mphamvu ya m'mimba. Izi zitha kuphatikizira kukhazikitsa baluni, kugwiritsa ntchito chotchinga, kapena kuletsa kukhoma kwa chiwalo.
Koma nthawi zambiri, chithandizo choyenera cha matenda am'mimba-visceral amachokera ku zovuta zowongolera. Pankhaniyi, mankhwala opangira mankhwala amasankhidwa payekha. Amalembera osagwira ntchito zoyambirira zosagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala, pamaso pa zovuta zosintha kagayidwe kachakudya, kuwonongeka zovuta.
Kodi kunenepa kumachitika bwanji?
Chithandizo choyambirira chothandizira chimaphatikizapo zinthu zingapo:
- Zakudya za Hypocaloric. Malangizowo akuphatikizaponso kuchepa kwa zomanga thupi ndi mafuta, kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni komanso CHIKWANGWANI. Chakudya chiyenera kupereka mavitamini ndi michere yokwanira. Mafuta omwe amalimbikitsidwa sapitilira 25% ya chakudya chonse (nthawi zambiri 80-100 g / tsiku), pomwe osapitilira 10% a iwo amayenera kuchokera ku nyama. Mukamadya chakudya chamafuta, zokonda ziyenera kuperekedwa kwa mitundu yayitali-yogaya (chakudya chovuta kuchokera ku chimanga), kumwa kwa zinthu zochepa kuchokera ku coarse fiber ufa 2c ndi ufa wonse wa tirigu umaloledwa. Chakudyacho chimapangidwa ndi wolemba zakudya kapena wodyetsa zakudya, poganizira zomwe wodwalayo amakonda, luso lake lazachuma, moyo wake komanso mtundu wa zomwe zakwaniritsidwa.
- Kuchulukitsa zolimbitsa thupi, makamaka chifukwa cha zolimbitsa thupi zolimbitsa thupi ndi zolimbitsa thupi tsiku lililonse. Malangizowa akuphatikizapo kuyenda kwa tsiku ndi tsiku, kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito chikepe ndi mayendedwe, kutentha nthawi zonse pantchito yokhalitsa, kuyendera dziwe, komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi omwe akusankhidwa ndi wophunzitsayo. Pamene kupirira ndi kuthekera kwakuthupi kumachulukirachulukira, katunduyu akhoza kuphatikizira njinga, kuyendera mapulogalamu olimbitsa thupi, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi ndi zina zambiri.
- Kuwonetsa nthawi yokwanira kugona usiku (osachepera maola 7-8 motsatana). Izi zimathandizira dongosolo la endocrine, limakupatsani mwayi wochepetsera kupsinjika kwamkati, kumathandizira pakulamulira kwamakhalidwe abwino.
- Kusuta kufafaniza.
- Thandizo la Psychotherapeutic, psychocorrection.
- Mankhwala othandizira insulin ngati sasinthidwa ndi zakudya. Chifukwa cha izi, othandizira pakamwa a magulu osiyanasiyana amatha kutumikiridwa, nthawi zambiri mankhwala osankhidwa ndi metformin.
- Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala komwe kumachepetsa kuchuluka kwa mafuta m'matumbo. Zokonda zimaperekedwa kwa othandizira omwe amapondereza pancreatic ndi matumbo a lipase.
- Mankhwala kukonza kwa alipo mtima mavuto, ochepa matenda oopsa, kulimbikira kwambiri dyslipidemia.
Kunenepa kwambiri komanso kuopsa kwa mtima wake ndi vuto limodzi mwamavuto ambiri amakono a zamankhwala. Komanso, kuchepa thupi kwa osachepera 5-10% kuposa oposa 1/3 kumachepetsa mwayi wokhala ndi zovuta zazikulu komanso zovuta zam'mimba. Chifukwa chake, anthu omwe ali ndi mtundu wa apulo amalangizidwa kuti athetse kunenepa kwambiri pamimba posachedwa. Izi zikuthandizira kukulitsa chiyembekezo cha moyo ndikukonzanso, ndikupewa matenda akuluakulu owopsa.
M'mimba (visceral) kunenepa - ndi chiyani
Vuto lolemera kwambiri likukula kwambiri. Kuchuluka kwa zopatsa mphamvu za calorie komanso kusachita masewera olimbitsa thupi zimapangitsa kuti azichita kunenepa kwambiri. Sikuti aliyense ndi wokonzeka kulumikizana ndi akatswiri.
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Ambiri amayesa njira zosachiritsira chithandizo: wowerengeka azitsamba, zakudya zopatsa thanzi, zinthu zomwe zimalengezedwa mowonera. Zotsatira zamathandizidwe oterewa zimakhala kuti sizikupezeka kapena zimakhala zazifupi.
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Kusankha koyenera ndikumvetsetsa komwe matendawa amachokera, kutsatira malangizo a akatswiri ndi njira yolumikizana yolimbana ndi mafuta m'thupi.
Mukazindikira kunenepa kwambiri pamimba, zizindikiro zotsatirazi zitha kusiyanitsidwa:
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- Kusintha mawonekedwe a mtundu wa "apulo". Adipose minofu imakhazikika pamimba.
- Zovuta za ma Horona maziko, kuchuluka kwa testosterone.
- Mkhalidwe wopsinjika, wokonda "kulanda" mavuto.
- Kudya kosalamulirika, zotsatira za "m'mimba zopendekeka."
Pafupifupi odwala onse omwe ali ndi vuto lofananalo, kuchuluka kwa chiuno m'chiuno ndi 0.9: 1 kapena 1: 1.
Kuopsa kwamafuta owonjezera m'mimba ndikuti nthawi zambiri kumayambitsa matenda a shuga ndi matenda ena owonjezereka, monga:
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- Matenda oopsa
- Kukana insulini
- Kulephera mu uric acid kagayidwe,
- Matenda a mtima
- Matenda oopsa
- Kuchulukitsa katundu mthupi lonse, kuvala ziwalo zamkati.
