Chizolowezi cha shuga m'magazi mwa ana: gome, zaka

Mosasamala za mtundu wa munthu, kaya ndi wamkulu kapena wachinyamata, ndibwino kuti iye atayetse mayeso mwadongosolo.

Izi zimaphatikizapo mayeso a matenda a shuga mellitus (DM). Chifukwa chake, chizolowezi cha shuga m'magazi ndi chisonyezo chakuti makolo ayenera kulabadira choyamba.

Kupatula apo, kudutsa mayeso osiyanasiyana okha ndiko kumatsimikizira chowonadi cha thanzi lathunthu la mwana wawo kapena kukhalapo kwa ma pathologies aliwonse. Glucose, yemwe amayenda ndi thupi losasinthika ndi magazi, ndiye gwero lamphamvu, chakudya chama cell a chiwalo chilichonse.

Zikuwoneka kuti kukwera shuga wambiri, kuli bwino. Komabe, zonse ndizovuta kwambiri. Zingwe zimayenera kukhala ndi voliyumu inayake, pomwe kupitirira muyeso kuli kale ndi alamu.

Mndandanda wa miyezo ya shuga yamagazi mwa ana aunyamata

Tizindikire kuti magawo osiyanasiyana a moyo wa ana amatha kuwonetsa kufunika kosawoneka kwa kukhalapo kwa lactin m'magazi.

Mwachitsanzo, mpaka zaka 10-12, milingo yake yayikulu imachepa. Nthawi zina amatha kusiyanitsa ndi zizindikiro za akulu, zomwe siziyenera kuwopsa makolo komanso sizimakhudzana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa.

Kuti muwone bwino shuga za ana, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito gome ili m'munsiyi:

Gulu la zaka	Mfundo zam'mbuyo, mmol / l
11	3,3-5,5
12	3,3-5,5
13	3,3-5,5
14	3,3-5,5
15	3,3-5,5
16	3,3-5,5
17	3,3-5,5
18	3,3-5,5

Monga momwe tingawerengere pamasamba awa, kuchuluka kwa kukhalapo kwa shuga mwa achinyamata kuli kofanana ndendende ndi misinkhu ya akuluakulu.

Zizindikiro ziyenera kuganiziridwa kutengera mtundu wa anthu amisinkhu yotchulidwa:

1. mwa atsikana ndi atsikana. Miyezo yapakati ya shuga ya atsikana ndi atsikana amakhala ofanana kwambiri pakulimba kwamphamvu. Koma apa ndikofunikira kulingalira zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa ziwerengerozi. Apa, gawo lofunikira limaseweredwa ndi mawonekedwe a thupi, malamulo a thupi, komanso mtundu wa zakudya. Mtengo wabwinobwino wa shuga uyenera kuyambira 3.5-5,5 mmol / L. Muyeso uwu umawonetsedwa popereka kusanthula pamimba yopanda kanthu. Koma mphindi 60 mutatha kudya, mtundu wofunikira wa lactin ukhoza kufika 9 mmol / l. Pakadutsa mphindi 120, mayiyo amakhala ndi shuga wama 4-8 mmol / l,
2. mwa anyamata ndi anyamata. Zikondazo ndizoyambitsa shuga. Komabe, mndandanda wa shuga mwa anyamata ndi anyamata umadalira pamndandanda wazakudya zawo, "kukhudzika" kwa zizolowezi zoyipa, komanso zochitika za tsiku ndi tsiku. Mlingo wabwinobwino wamagulu amtunduwu amasiyana pakati pa 3.5-5.4 mmol / L. Mwa achichepere, chizolowezi chimatha kusinthasintha masana chifukwa chazintchito zambiri komanso masewera ambiri.

Mlingo wa lactin mu achinyamata umatengera zinthu zosiyanasiyana - chakudya, magayidwe am'mimba ndi mitundu yonse ya mahomoni.

Zomwe zimachitika mu kusintha kwa mphamvu ya thupi m'thupi la shuga

Kholo lirilonse liyenera kudziwa kuti kutha msungwana kwa atsikana komanso wamwamuna kumatha kukhudza zomwe zimachitika mu shuga, zomwe zimalumikizidwa ndi zifukwa zathupi, zamaganizidwe.

Panthawi imeneyi, chiopsezo chotenga matenda "okoma" m'thupi, momwe kusintha kwamphamvu kwa mahomoni kumachitika.

Nthawi zambiri, izi zimabweretsa kuchepa kwa chidwi cha minofu ndi maselo kupita ku insulin. M'malo azachipatala, njirayi imatchedwa insulin kukana ndipo imapangitsa shuga kutuluka.

Izi ndizowopsa makamaka ndikuyendetsa bwino shuga.Kukulitsa vutoli, kufunitsitsa kwa wachinyamata kuti asakhale "mbewa yaimvi" pakampani kungayambitse kugwiritsa ntchito zakudya zopanda pake, mowa ndi kusuta fodya.

PKuwerenga kwa mwana wotereku kumakhala kovuta, ndipo nthawi zina kumakhala koopsa. Izi zimatha kubweretsa kupangidwa kwa hypoglycemia ndi matenda ashuga.

Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kwambiri munthawi imeneyi kuti muziyang'anira mwana wanu kwambiri ndikuwongolera thanzi lanu.

Zimayambitsa kupatuka kwa glucose ku chizolowezi cha achinyamata

Nthawi ya kutha msambo imabweretsa mavuto osiyanasiyana ndi chithandizo chochuluka cha matenda.

Ndi panthawiyi kuti kuwongolera kwa shuga kumachepa, chakudya chimatengedwa mosasamala, kuikidwa kwa adokotala sikukwaniritsidwa, ndipo machitidwe amadziwika ndi chiwopsezo chachikulu.

Njira yowonjezera katulutsidwe wa ziwalo zogonana ndi ma gren adrenal imakhala chifukwa chokwanira kuti thupi lisamve insulin.

Zinthu zonsezi zimatha kuyambitsa kuphwanya kwa kagayidwe kachakudya, ndipo, monga chotulukapo chake, chitukuko cha matenda ashuga. Chifukwa chake, muubwana, pali zotsatirapo ziwiri za zochitika zomwe zili ndi lactin wambiri.

Kuchepetsa

Mu achinyamata, kufunika kwa shuga m'magazi kumatha kuchepa chifukwa:

• kagayidwe kachakudya matenda
• zosasamala
• matenda aubongo,
• kulephera kwa aimpso
• zopatuka m'magawo am'mimba - enteritis, gastritis, kapamba, gastroduodenitis,
• kuchuluka kwa zamaganizidwe,
• matenda ovuta
• zotupa mu kapamba,
• poyizoni wa arsenic, chloroform,
• sarcoidosis
• khunyu.

Onse kuwonjezeka ndi kuchepa kwa mulingo wa lactin m'mwazi wa mwana ziyenera kukhala chifukwa chofunsira thandizo la mankhwala.

Zizindikiro za matenda ashuga kuubwana

Zizindikiro zazikulu za matenda ashuga mwa ana zimatha kudziwonetsa akadali aang'ono kwambiri. Komabe, pamakhala nthawi zina pamene mwana “amangokula” ndipo, atakula, salinso ndi vuto lotere. Izi ndichizolowezi pamikhalidwe yomwe mwana samakumana ndi mavuto amisala, samadwala matenda omwe amachepetsa chitetezo cha mthupi.

Ngati chilichonse chikuchitika mosiyana, ndiye kuti wachinyamata pakapita nthawi amakumana ndi chiwonetsero cha chithunzi chathunthu cha matenda "okoma".

Kuchulukana kwa ludzu ndi chizindikiro chodziwika bwino cha kukula kwa shuga. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti zizindikiritso za mtundu woyamba wa II ndi mtundu II wa achinyamata muubwana ndi zofanana ndi zomwe zimadziwika m'gulu la anthu akuluakulu.

Poyamba, mwana amakhala ndi zinthu monga:

Matenda a shuga ndi matenda oopsa, chifukwa cha ichi ndikofunikira kuyang'anitsitsa kutsatira kwa mwana mogwirizana ndi malangizo onse omwe amaperekedwa ndi endocrinologist.

Zizindikiro za matenda ashuga Achinyamata zimatha kuonekera zonse nthawi imodzi kapena zimachitika pang'onopang'ono, matendawa akamakula. Ndi matenda osazindikira a matenda ashuga komanso kuyambitsidwa kwa mankhwala, njira ya matendawa imabweretsa zovuta zomwe ndizovuta kuchiza.

Makanema okhudzana nawo

About miyezo ya shuga wamagazi mwa ana a mibadwo yosiyana mu kanema:

Achinyamata, chifukwa cha msinkhu wawo, komanso kusintha kwa mahomoni omwe amapezeka m'thupi lawo panthawiyi, ali pachiwopsezo cha matenda osiyanasiyana. Ena mwa iwo sakhala pachiwopsezo chachikulu, pomwe ena atha kubweretsa zotsatira zoyipa zomwe zingasinthe moyo wawo wonse wamtsogolo.

Zina mwa izi ndi matenda a shuga. Kuphatikiza apo, zakudya, zolimbitsa thupi ndi zamaganizidwe, zochita za wachinyamata, kudziwikiratu zamtsogolo komanso kusintha kwa mahomoni kungapangitse kuti mapangidwe a matendawa akhale.

Pachifukwa ichi, ndi nthawi iyi pomwe makolo amayenera kuyang'anira mwana wawo kwambiri kuti asayambe zoyipa.

Shuga wa Magazi Aanthu: Tebulo la Zaka

Kusanthula kwa shuga ndi njira yofunikira kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga, komanso kwa iwo omwe ali ndi chiyembekezo.

Kwa gulu lachiwiri, ndikofunikanso kuyeserera magazi pafupipafupi mwa akulu ndi ana pofuna kupewa matenda.

Ngati magazi a glucose achuluka, muyenera kufunsa dokotala nthawi yomweyo. Koma kuti muchite izi, muyenera kudziwa zomwe munthu ayenera kukhala ndi shuga.

Kafukufuku

Ndi zaka, mphamvu ya insulin zolandila imachepa. Chifukwa chake, anthu atakwanitsa zaka 34 - 35 ayenera kuyang'anira kusinthasintha kwa shuga tsiku lililonse, kapena osachepera kamodzi.

Zomwezi zimagwiranso ntchito kwa ana omwe ali ndi chiyembekezo chokhala ndi matenda ashuga 1 (pakapita nthawi, mwana amatha "kupitiratu", koma popanda kuwongoletsa magazi a chala kuchokera kumunwe, kupewa, amatha kudwala).

Oyimira gulu lino amafunikanso kuchita chimodzi mwamasana (makamaka pamimba yopanda kanthu).

Njira yosavuta yosinthira kuchokera pa chala pamimba yopanda kanthu pogwiritsa ntchito mita ya shuga m'magazi. Glucose m'magazi a capillary ndiwothandiza kwambiri. Ngati mukufunikira kuyeza miyezo ndi glucometer, chitani izi:

1. Yatsani chipangizocho,
2. Pogwiritsa ntchito singano, yomwe tsopano ali nayo pafupi, bowani khungu pachala,
3. Ikani zitsanzo pachiwonetsero,
4. Ikani chingwe choyesera mu chipangizocho ndikudikirira kuti zotsatira ziziwonekera.

Manambala omwe amawoneka ndi kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Kuwongolera mwa njirayi ndikofunika kwambiri komanso kokwanira kuti musaphonye zomwe zikuchitika pakamachitika kuwerenga kwa glucose, komanso momwe magazi a munthu wathanzi amatha kupitirira.

Zizindikiro zopindulitsa kwambiri zimatha kupezeka kwa mwana kapena wamkulu, ngati zimayezedwa pamimba yopanda kanthu. Palibe kusiyana pa momwe mungaperekere magazi a mankhwala a glucose pamimba yopanda kanthu.

Koma kuti mumve zambiri, mungafunike kupereka magazi kwa shuga mutatha kudya ndi / kapena kangapo patsiku (m'mawa, madzulo, mutatha kudya chakudya).

Kuphatikiza apo, ngati chizindikirocho chikuwonjezeka pang'ono mutatha kudya, izi zimadziwika.

Kulingalira zotsatira

Zomwe zimawerengedwazi ndikamayesedwa ndi mita yamagazi m'magazi, ndizosavuta kudziyimira pawokha. Chizindikirocho chikuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa mafuta a glucose mu sampuli. Chiyeso cha muyezo mmol / lita.

Nthawi yomweyo, mulingo wambiri ungasiyane pang'ono kutengera mita yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito. Ku USA ndi Europe, magawo a miyeso ndiosiyana, omwe amalumikizidwa ndi njira yowerengera yosiyana.

Zida zotere nthawi zambiri zimathandizidwa ndi tebulo zomwe zimathandiza kusintha kuchuluka kwa shuga kwa wodwala kukhala magawo aku Russia.

Kusala kudya kumakhala kotsika kuposa mukatha kudya. Nthawi yomweyo, sampuli ya shuga yochokera m'mitsempha imawonetsa pang'ono m'mimba yopanda kanthu poyesa kudya mwachangu chala (mwachitsanzo, kubalalika kwa 0, 1 - 0, 4 mmol pa lita, koma nthawi zina glucose wamagazi amatha kusiyanasiyana ndikofunikira kwambiri).

Kudandaula kwa dokotala kuyenera kuchitika pamene kuyesedwa kovuta kwambiri - mwachitsanzo, kuyesa kwa glucose pamimba yopanda kanthu ndikatha kutenga "glucose katundu". Sikuti odwala onse amadziwa zomwe zimachitika.

Zimathandizira kuwona momwe kuchuluka kwa shuga kumasinthira kwakanthawi pambuyo poyamwa shuga. Kuti muchite izi, mpanda umapangidwa musanalandire katundu. Pambuyo pake, wodwalayo amamwa 75 ml ya katundu.

Pambuyo pa izi, zomwe zimakhala ndi shuga m'magazi ziyenera kuchuluka. Nthawi yoyamba ya shuga amawayeza pambuyo theka la ola. Ndiye - ola limodzi mutatha kudya, ola limodzi ndi theka ndi maola awiri mutadya.

Kutengera ndi izi, zimafotokozeredwa za momwe shuga ya magazi imakhazikidwira chakudya, zomwe zili zovomerezeka, kuchuluka kwa glucose komanso nthawi yayitali bwanji mutatha kudya.

Zizindikiro za odwala matenda ashuga

Ngati munthu ali ndi matenda ashuga, msinkhu umasintha kwambiri. Malire ovomerezeka pamilandu iyi ndi apamwamba kuposa anthu athanzi.

Zizindikiro zokwanira zovomerezeka musanadye, mukatha kudya, wodwala aliyense amakhazikitsidwa payekhapayekha, kutengera mtundu wake wa thanzi, kuchuluka kwa chindapusa cha matenda ashuga.

Kwa ena, kuchuluka kwambiri kwa shuga mu sampuli sayenera kupitirira 6 9, ndipo kwa ena 7 - 8 mmol pa lita - izi ndizabwinobwino kapenanso mulingo wabwino wa shuga mutatha kudya kapena pamimba yopanda kanthu.

shuga pambuyo podya odwala matenda ashuga amadzuka mwachangu, ndiye kuti, shuga amakula kwambiri kuposa munthu wathanzi. Chifukwa chake, kuwerengera kwa glucose m'magazi mutatha kudya kumakhalanso kwapamwamba kwa iwo.

Dokotalayo amaliza kunena za zomwe zikuwoneka ngati zabwinobwino.

Koma kuwunikira momwe wodwalayo alili, wodwalayo nthawi zambiri amafunsidwa kuti ayese shuga pambuyo pa chakudya chilichonse komanso pamimba yopanda kanthu, ndikulemba zotsatira zake mu diary yapadera.

Zisonyezo mwa anthu athanzi

Kuyesera kuwongolera mulingo wawo mwa amayi ndi abambo, odwala nthawi zambiri samadziwa kuti momwe munthu wathanzi ayenera kukhalira asanadye ndi chakudya, madzulo kapena m'mawa.

Kuphatikiza apo, pali kuphatikiza kwa shuga wabwinobwino osala kudya ndi mphamvu zake pakusintha kwa ola limodzi mutatha kudya malinga ndi msinkhu wa wodwalayo. Nthawi zambiri, munthu wamkulu akamakalamba, ndiye kuti ndi zomwe zimakhala zovomerezeka.

Manambala omwe ali patebulopo akuwonetsa izi.

Glucose wovomerezeka mu mtunduwo mwa zaka

Zaka zazaka	Pamimba yopanda kanthu, mmol pa lita imodzi (mulingo woyenera kwambiri komanso wotsika)
Ana	Kupanga ndi glucometer sikumachitika konse, chifukwa shuga ya mwana ndiyosakhazikika ndipo alibe mtengo wowazindikira
3 mpaka 6	Mlingo wa shuga uyenera kukhala m'mitundu 3.3 - 5.4
6 mpaka 10-11	Miyezo Yopezeka 3.3 - 5.5
Achinyamata osakwana zaka 14	Miyezi yachilengedwe wamba ya shuga 3.3 - 5.6
Akuluakulu 14 - 60	Mokulira, wamkulu mu thupi 4.1 - 5.9
Akuluakulu azaka 60 mpaka 90	Zoyenera, pazaka izi, 4.6 - 6.4
Anthu achikulire opitilira 90	Mtengo wabwinobwino kuchokera pa 4.2 mpaka 6.7

Pakukhazikika kocheperako pang'ono kuchokera pamanambala awa mwa akulu ndi ana, muyenera kufunsa dokotala yemwe angakuwuzeni momwe mungapangire shuga m'mimba pamimba yopanda kanthu ndikulemba mankhwala. Maphunziro owonjezera atha kutumizidwa (momwe mungapereke kusanthula kuti mupeze zotsatira zowonjezereka mudzadziwitsidwa ndi ogwira ntchito yazaumoyo ndikupatsidwa lingaliro). Kuphatikiza apo, ndikofunikira kulingalira kuti kupezeka kwa matenda opatsirana kumakhudzanso omwe shuga amawona ngati abwinobwino. Mapeto ake pazomwe ayenera kukhala chizindikiro amatsimikiziranso adokotala.

Payokha, ndikofunikira kukumbukira kuti shuga yamagazi azaka 40 ndi kupitirira, komanso azimayi oyembekezera, amatha kusinthasintha pang'ono chifukwa cha kusalinganika kwa mahomoni. Komabe, zosachepera zitatu mwa zinayi zoyenera kukhala pazovomerezeka.

Magawo a Chakudya Chotsatira

Shuga wabwinobwino mukatha kudya m'magayidwe ashuga komanso anthu athanzi ndi osiyana.

Kuphatikiza apo, osati kuchuluka kwake komwe kumakwera mutatha kudya, komanso kusintha kwa zomwe zimasintha, zomwe zikuchitika pankhaniyi zimasiyananso.

Gome ili pansipa likuwonetsa zambiri pazomwe zimachitika kwakanthawi kwakudya m'munthu wathanzi komanso wodwala matenda ashuga malinga ndi data ya WHO (deta ya akulu). Chimodzimodzi ponseponse, chiwerengerochi ndi cha akazi ndi amuna.

Nthawi zambiri mukatha kudya (kwa anthu athanzi komanso odwala matenda ashuga)

Shuga malire pamimba yopanda kanthu	Zolemba pambuyo 0.8 - 1.1 mawola chakudya, mmol pa lita	Magazi amawerengera patatha maola awiri kuchokera pakudya, mmol pa lita	Mkhalidwe wodwala
5.5 - 5.7 mmol pa lita (shuga yathamanga)	8,9	7,8	Ndi wathanzi
7.8 mmol pa lita (wamkulu wamkulu)	9,0 – 12	7,9 – 11	Kuphwanya / kulekerera kwa mankhwala a shuga, prediabetes ndizotheka (muyenera kufunsa dokotala kuti akakulezeni mayeso a glucose, ndikupatsanso kuyesa magazi)
7.8 mmol pa lita imodzi ndi pamwambapa (munthu wathanzi sayenera kukhala ndi zisonyezo)	12.1 ndi zina	11.1 ndi pamwambapa	Matenda a shuga

Mu ana, nthawi zambiri, mphamvu ya chakudya chamafuta chimafanana, ndikusinthidwa koyambira kotsika. Popeza poyamba kuwerengako kunali kotsika, zikutanthauza kuti shuga sadzakwera kwambiri ngati munthu wamkulu. Ngati pali shuga 3 pamimba yopanda kanthu, ndiye kuti maumboni ola 1 mukatha kudya awonetse 6.0 - 6.1, ndi ena.

Mchitidwe wa shuga mutatha kudya ana

Pamimba yopanda kanthu (chizindikiro mwa munthu wathanzi)	Zisonyezero mu ana pambuyo kudya (1 ola) mmol pa lita	Glucose amawerengera maola awiri mutatha kudya, mmol pa lita	Mkhalidwe wathanzi
3,3 mmol pa lita	6,1	5,1	Ndi wathanzi
6,1	9,0 – 11,0	8,0 – 10,0	Glucose kulolerana vuto, prediabetes
6.2 ndi okwera	11,1	10,1	Matenda a shuga

Ndikosavuta kunena za kuchuluka kwa glucose m'magazi komwe amakuwona kukhala kovomerezeka mwa ana. Mwachizolowezi m'malo onsewo, adokotala adzayimba. Izi ndichifukwa choti nthawi zambiri kuposa anthu akuluakulu, kusinthasintha kumawonedwa, shuga amadzuka ndikugwa masana kwambiri.

Mulingo wabwinobwino nthawi zosiyanasiyana mukatha kudya chakudya cham'mawa kapena mutatha maswiti amathanso kusintha mosiyanasiyana malinga ndi zaka. Zizindikiro m'miyezi yoyamba ya moyo sizokhazikika. Pazaka izi, shuga ayenera kuyeza (incl.

mutatha kudya pambuyo pa maola awiri kapena shuga pambuyo 1 ora) pokhapokha umboni wa adokotala.

Kusala kudya

Monga mukuwonera pamatafura pamwambapa, kuchuluka kwa shuga masana kumasiyanasiyana malinga ndi chakudya.

Komanso, kusokonezeka kwa minofu ndi chiwonetsero chazomwe zimachitika masana masana masana (kusewera masewera kumapangira chakudya zamagetsi kukhala mphamvu, ndiye kuti shuga ilibe nthawi yoti inyuke nthawi yomweyo, ndipo kukhudzidwa kwamalingaliro kumatha kubweretsa kudumpha).

Pazifukwa izi, kuchuluka kwa shuga pakapita nthawi yambiri mutatha kudya chakudya sikufuna nthawi zonse. Sikoyenera kutsatira ngati zitsamba zimakhalabe mwa munthu wathanzi.

Mukamayeza usiku kapena m'mawa, musanadye chakudya cham'mawa, chizolowezi ndichofunikira kwambiri. Mukatha kudya, imadzuka. Pachifukwa ichi, pafupifupi mayesero onse amtunduwu amaperekedwa pamimba yopanda kanthu. Si odwala onse omwe amadziwa kuchuluka kwa momwe munthu ayenera kukhala ndi shuga pamimba yopanda kanthu komanso momwe angayesere molondola.

Kuyesedwa kumachitika nthawi yomweyo wodwalayo atagona. Osamawombera mano kapena kutafuna chingamu. Komanso pewani zochitika zolimbitsa thupi, chifukwa zimatha kutha kuchepa kwa magazi m'magazi (chifukwa chake izi zimachitika pamwamba). Tengani zitsanzozo pamimba yopanda kanthu ndikufanizira zotsatira ndi tebulo lomwe lili pansipa.

Zisonyezo za munthu wathanzi wodwala matenda ashuga

Njira yoyezera shuga m'magazi onse	Shuga mwa munthu wathanzi, mmol pa lita	mwa amuna, akazi ndi ana omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga, mmol pa lita
Kuyesedwa kwa shuga usiku (m'magazi mwa ana)	3,5 – 5,0	Zopitilira 5.0
Kuyesedwa kwa magazi usiku (kwabwinobwino mwa munthu wamkulu)	3,9 – 5,5	Zoposa 5.5
shuga wamagazi pamimba yopanda kanthu mwa munthu wamkulu	4,5 – 6,0	Zoposa 6.1
Zotsatira za kuyesedwa kwa magazi posala kudya kwa mwana	3,0 – 5,0	Zopitilira 5.0

Chikhalidwe kwa akazi akamaliza kudya chimakhala chofanana ndi cha amuna. Chifukwa chake, mosasamala za jenda, ngati zikuyendetsedwako kwambiri, muyenera kufunsa dokotala kuti akupatseni mankhwala. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti zoterezi zitha kuwononga thanzi.

Miyeso yolondola

Ngakhale kudziwa chomwe chizizirocho chiyenera kukhala, mutha kupanga lingaliro lolakwika pa vuto lanu ngati muyeza molakwika shuga pamametayo (mukatha kudya, masewera olimbitsa thupi, usiku, ndi zina zambiri).

Odwala ambiri ali ndi chidwi ndi kuchuluka kwa shuga omwe angatenge pambuyo chakudya? Zisonyezero zamagazi m'magazi mukatha kudya zimakula nthawi zonse (zochuluka motani ndi thanzi la munthu). Chifukwa chake, mutatha kudya shuga ndiosasintha.

Kuti muziwongolera, ndibwino kuyeza shuga musanadye m'mawa.

Koma izi zimachitika kokha kwa anthu athanzi. Anthu odwala matenda ashuga nthawi zambiri amafunika kuyang'aniridwa, mwachitsanzo, ngati kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kumayendetsedwa atatha kudya akamamwa mankhwala ochepetsa shuga kapena insulin.Kenako muyenera kutenga miyezo 1 ora ndi 2 maola pambuyo shuga (chakudya mafuta).

Ndikofunikanso kulingalira komwe chitsanzocho chimachokera, mwachitsanzo, chizindikiritso cha 5 9 mu mtundu kuchokera mu mtsempha chitha kuganiziridwa mopitilira muyeso wa prediabetes, pomwe mu chisonyezo chala chala chimatha chizindikirochi chimakhala chabwinobwino.

Kodi kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magulu a achinyamata azaka zosiyanasiyana - tebulo la zoyenera kwambiri

Mosasamala za mtundu wa munthu, kaya ndi wamkulu kapena wachinyamata, ndibwino kuti iye atayetse mayeso mwadongosolo.

Izi zimaphatikizapo mayeso a matenda a shuga mellitus (DM). Chifukwa chake, chizolowezi cha shuga m'magazi ndi chisonyezo chakuti makolo ayenera kulabadira choyamba.

Kupatula apo, kudutsa mayeso osiyanasiyana okha ndiko kumatsimikizira chowonadi cha thanzi lathunthu la mwana wawo kapena kukhalapo kwa ma pathologies aliwonse. Glucose, yemwe amayenda ndi thupi losasinthika ndi magazi, ndiye gwero lamphamvu, chakudya chama cell a chiwalo chilichonse.

Zikuwoneka kuti kukwera shuga wambiri, kuli bwino. Komabe, zonse ndizovuta kwambiri. Zingwe zimayenera kukhala ndi voliyumu inayake, pomwe kupitirira muyeso kuli kale ndi alamu.

Chachilendo cha shuga m'magazi mwa ana patebulo, zomwe zimayambitsa kupatuka

Mulingo wa glucose (shuga) ndiye chofunikira kwambiri chodziwitsa kagayidwe kamunthu ka chakudya. Shuga wochepa mwa mwana kapena wamkulu umatsogolera ku hypoglycemia, yothandizidwa ndi mphamvu ya kufa kwa maselo, kuchepa kwa minyewa, kufooka kwa minofu, kusokonezeka kwa dongosolo lamkati lamanjenje, etc.

Kuchuluka kwa shuga kwa mwana kumadziwika mu shuga.

Matenda a shuga ndi matenda opatsirana oopsa, momwe mumakhala kuphwanya kwa kagayidwe kazakudya, limodzi ndi kuchepetsedwa kwa insulin komanso kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi.

Malinga ndi ziwerengero za WHO, padziko lonse lapansi, mtundu woyamba wa shuga umawonedwa mwa mwana aliyense wazaka mazana asanu ndi awiri azaka zilizonse.

Pankhaniyi, kutsimikiza kwokhazikika kwa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi ndi kuphunzira kofunikira kuti muzindikire matenda ashuga m'migawo yoyamba. Dziwani kuti kusintha kwa shuga m'magazi kumatha kupezeka patadutsa zaka zingapo zisanafike zowoneka bwino zamatenda.

Shuga wabwinobwino

Kuzunzika kwa shuga m'magazi a munthu wamkulu wathanzi komanso wachinyamata kumachokera 3.3 mpaka 5.5 mmol / L. Mu chikhalidwe ichi, pali chakudya chokwanira cha carbohydrate metabolism, kukula kwakuthupi kwakuthupi ndi kwamaganizidwe kwa ana achinyamata.

Nthawi zambiri amakulitsa kupanga mahomoni chifukwa cha chitukuko cha kugonana. Chifukwa chake, zofunikira za kuthupi zimasinthira m'mwamba kapena pansi.

Kukula msana kumatha kuchititsa kuti matenda ashuga akhale amwana wa ana. Ndikofunika kuyang'anitsitsa momwe aliri kuti azindikire matenda oyamba munthawi yake, kuti muchepetse chikomokere pamlingo wokulumpha m'magazi.

Kusintha kwina kwa shuga kumachitika mutatha kudya. Makamaka othandizira pa izi ndi zinthu zomwe zimakhala ndi chakudya chambiri - shuga, mphesa, confectionery, chakudya mwachangu. Pankhaniyi, insulin ya mahomoni simalimbana ndi kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwathunthu kwa shuga, yomwe imayenera kulowa m'maselo a thupi mphamvu. Zowonjezera zimayikidwa mu mawonekedwe a glycogen mu chiwindi, ndikupanga posungira. Metabolism imayendetsedwa ndi mahomoni. Insulin ili ndi vuto la hypoglycemic.

Thupi limakhala ndi mahomoni omwe amalimbikitsa shuga:

• adrenaline
• thyroxine (mahomoni a chithokomiro),
• kukula kwa mahomoni (kukula kwa mahomoni),
• glucagon (ochokera ku ma cell a pancreatic alpha).

Muubwana, matenda a shuga amakhala ovuta kuchiza kuposa achikulire, chifukwa momwe ma hormonal amasinthira.

Matenda a hyperglycemia

Muubwana, matenda a shuga a 1 amapezeka nthawi zambiri.Pakumayambiriro koyamba, ndizovuta kuzindikira, chifukwa chithunzi cha chipatala ndichosachita bwino. Zizindikiro zotchulidwa zimawonekera pamene pafupifupi 90% yama cell a pancreatic beta awonongedwa:

• Udzu wokhazikika
• Kusintha kwamphamvu kwambiri m'zakudya zabwinobwino,
• Njala
• Kukodza pafupipafupi
• Thupi lachepa,
• Lethargy, kutopa,
• Mavuto amawonedwe
• Khungu loyera.

Ngati mulibe chidwi ndi izi, ndiye kuti matendawa amapita patsogolo, nseru, fungo la acetone limawonekera, lomwe limawonetsa ketoacidosis, vuto lalikulu kwambiri, chikomokere chimachitika, chomwe chimafuna chisamaliro chodzidzimutsa.

Kuti muzindikire moyenera, ndikofunikira kuti mudzaphunzitsidwe koyambirira. Kwa masiku angapo, chotsani zakudya zamafuta ndi zonunkhira, Zakudya za shuga ku zakudya. Nthawi yotsiriza kudya maola 10-12 musanawunike. Mutha kumwa pamaso pake madzi opanda kanthu. Mwana akakhala ndi matenda opatsirana kapena akumwa mankhwala, zotsatira zake sizingakhale zolondola. Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kwambiri komanso kupsinjika, njira zolimbitsa thupi musanayesedwe zimaphatikizidwanso.

Kusanthula kungawone izi:

• Ngati kuchuluka kwa shuga kuli pansipa 3.3, mkhalidwe wa hypoglycemic womwe umafuna kulowererapo kwa achipatala,
• Zizindikiro kuyambira 5.5 mpaka 6.2 mmol / l zimawonetsa mkhalidwe wa prediabetes.
• Pamwamba pa mayunitsi 6.2 - kukayikira kwa matenda ashuga, ndikofunikira kuyeserera kwathunthu kuti mutsimikizire kuti ali ndi matendawa.

Kuphatikiza apo, kuyesa kwa glucose kumachitika m'magawo awiri. Choyamba, kusanthula kumaperekedwa pamimba yopanda kanthu, kenako mutatha kugwiritsa ntchito shuga. Mwanjira iyi, zizindikiro pamwamba pa magawo 11 zimatsimikizira kupezeka kwa matenda ashuga.

Wachinyamata amathanso kupatsidwa tanthauzo la hemoglobin ya glycated. Kuyeza kumeneku kumawonetsa shuga m'magazi anu m'miyezi itatu yapitayo.

Miyezi yachilengedwe ya shuga m'magazi mwa ana, kutengera zaka

Ana ndi achinyamata nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi matenda a shuga. Choyambitsa chake ndi matenda a autoimmune a kapamba, momwe maselo a β amasiya kutulutsa insulin. Zotsatira zake, kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kumakwera, metabolism imasokonekera, machitidwe ndi ziwalo zonse zimavutika. Kodi ndi shuga wanji m'magazi a capillary omwe amayenera kukhala wabwinobwino mwa ana, kodi kuchuluka kwa shuga kumakhudza bwanji mwana?

Matenda a shuga mu akhanda

Mu makanda, matenda ashuga ndi osowa kwambiri. Kuzindikiranso kumakhala kovuta, chifukwa mwana sangathe kufotokoza momasuka zomwe zikumuvutitsa. Zizindikiro zazikulu za matendawa ndi monga:

• ludzu losalekeza
• kukodza pafupipafupi pama voliyumu yayikulu,
• kulemera kokwanira
• fungo la acetone pakupuma,
• kufooka wamba, ulesi, mwana amakhala akuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi,
• kusanza
• kupuma kwambiri, kugunda mwamphamvu,
• mabala osachiritsika osachiritsa, zotupa zosenda.

Zizindikiro zonsezi sizimawoneka nthawi yomweyo, matendawa amakula pang'onopang'ono. Matendawa atapezeka ndipo mankhwalawo amachitika, zovuta zochepa zomwe zimasokoneza kagayidwe kachakudya zimakhudza thanzi la mwana.

Chifukwa chiyani matenda ashuga amakula mwa mwana wakhanda, ndipo chizikhala chovomerezeka chotani pakupanga magazi mwa ana? Zomwe zimayambitsa ndizobwerekera kwa kapamba, mankhwala a anticancer pa mimba. Ngati mayi ali ndi matenda ashuga, ndiye kuti mwana atha kudwala kwambiri.

Mukadutsa mayeso a shuga mu makanda, zotsatira zake zimawerengedwa kuti ndi zofunikira, 2.7-44 mmol / L, ngati kuchuluka kwa glucose kuchulukitsidwa, maphunziro owonjezera amalembedwa. Pokhapokha kutsimikizidwa ndikozindikira komwe kumachitika.

Muyezo wa shuga mu magazi zikuchokera ana 1 chaka chimodzi, mwana 2, 3 zaka zofanana ndi zofanana ndi wakhanda.

Chithandizo chili ndi jakisoni wa insulin.Mwana akamadyetsa mwakakhanda, mwanayo amasinthidwa kupita ku zosakaniza zapadera zomwe sizikhala ndi glucose. Poyamwitsa, mayi ayenera kutsatira zakudya zamafuta ochepa, zomwezo zimagwiranso ntchito pakudyetsa zinyenyeswazi.

Ngati mwana wazaka chimodzi ali ndi chizolowezi chomawonjezera magazi, ndiye kuti zakudya za mwanayo ziyenera kukhala zamasamba otentha, mkaka wowawasa wopanda shuga, zipatso zosapsa.

Matenda a shuga Ana a Preschool

Matenda owopsa a endocrine ana amasukulu amakula nthawi zambiri pamakhala vuto lotengera kubadwa kwa makolo, pomwe abale ake apamtima amadwala matenda a shuga, chiwopsezochi ndi 30%. Chochititsa china chofala ndi kunenepa kwambiri, kupsinjika kwambiri, chitetezo chamathupi.

Kodi shuga wachilengedwe wabwinobwino m'magazi a ana 3, 4, 5 ndi 6, ndingatani ngati mwana wanga ali ndi shuga wambiri? Mu makanda athanzi, glycemia ndi 3.3-55 mmol / L. Zotsatira zikakhala bwino, owerenga mobwerezabwereza amawonjezeredwa, chifukwa popereka kusanthula malamulo okonzekera akhoza kuphwanyidwa, ana amawopa madokotala ndipo amakhala ndi nkhawa.

Ngati yankho limatsimikiziridwa, mankhwalawa amachitika ndi endocrinologist. Ana ali ndi jakisoni wa insulin, yoikidwa zakudya zama carb ochepa. Nthawi yomweyo, amafotokozera mwana ndi amayi kufunika kwake koyang'anira kuchuluka kwa glycemia, kuwunika zomwe zili m'magawo komanso kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamafuta. Kutsatira malangizowo kupangitsa kuti kulipirira matendawa, kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha zovuta zazikulu. Kusachita bwino kumapangitsa kuti mwana asiyire kumbuyo zomwe akukula, kusawona bwino, kusokonekera kwa machitidwe amanjenje komanso ozungulira.

Kuchuluka kwa shuga kwa magazi kuchokera pachala kumakhala kwabwinobwino mwa mwana wazaka 6, 7, 8, 9 malinga ndi GOST, ndizowonetsa ziti zomwe zimakwezedwa kwa ana amsinkhu uno? Kwa ana omwe ali ndi zaka 6, chizolowezi ndizotsatira zamaphunziro mu 3.3-5.5 mmol / l.

Matenda a achinyamata

Matenda a shuga mu achinyamata amakhala atapezeka kale pamlingo wapamwamba, pamene ketoacidosis kapena ngakhale kukomoka kumachitika. Pakadali pano, matendawa ndi ovuta kuchiza chifukwa cha kusintha kwa mahomoni ena omwe amayamba chifukwa cha kutha msinkhu. Izi zimabweretsa insulin kukana, minofu ya thupi imataya mphamvu ya mahomoni. Zotsatira zake, kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kumachuluka.

Mu atsikana, matendawa amapezeka ndi zaka 10 mpaka 11, 14, anyamata amayamba kudwala kuyambira zaka 13 mpaka 14. Matenda a shuga amakhala ovuta kwambiri mwa akazi, mwa anyamata nthawi zambiri zimakhala zosavuta kuti alipidwe.

Kodi shuga ayenera kukhala m'mwazi wambiri bwanji kwa mwana wazaka za 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, ndi 16 wazaka, ndiye kuti muyezo wa ana athanzi? Zotsatira zabwino ndizofanana ndi za akulu - 3.3-55 mmol / L. Zotsatira zake zimayang'aniridwa kawiri, zowonjezera zimachitika kuti zitsimikizire matendawo.

Chithandizo cha achinyamata achinyamata, wazaka 16, cholinga chake ndichokulipira matenda a shuga, kusintha matenda monga shuga, komanso kuchepetsa kunenepa kwambiri, komanso kuchepetsa kunenepa kwambiri. Chifukwa chaichi, mulingo woyenera wa insulin mumasankhidwa, zakudya zosafunikira zama carb ochepa, masewera olimbitsa thupi ndi omwe amapatsidwa. Ndikofunikira kuyesa kupewa zopsinja, zogwira ntchito mopitirira muyeso.

Chithandizo cha odwala matenda ashuga muubwana ndichovuta kwambiri, mwakuthupi komanso mwamalingaliro.

Ana 14, 15, 16 wazaka safuna kuyimirira pakati pa anzawo, nthawi zambiri amaphwanya zakudya, kuphonya jakisoni. Izi zimabweretsa zotsatira zoyipa.

• kubweza
• mwa atsikana 10, 11-16, zaka 16 zakubadwa, kusokonezeka kwa msambo kumawonekera, kuyabwa kwa ziwalo zakunja, matenda am'mimba,
• kuwonongeka kwamawonekedwe
• kusakhazikika m'malingaliro, kuchuluka kwakwiya,
• ma virus omwe akupitilirabe, matenda opatsirana, mabala ochiritsa a nthawi yayitali,
• furunculosis pakhungu, mawonekedwe a zipsera.

Mivuto yayikulu, ketoacidosis imayamba, yomwe ingayambitse chikomokere, kulumala ndi kufa. Kuperewera kwa insulini mu mtundu woyamba wa shuga mwa achinyamata azaka 15 ndi 16 amakakamiza thupi kufunafuna njira zina zogwiritsira ntchito glucose poswa mafuta. Izi zimatsogolera pakupangidwe kwa matupi a ketone, mawonekedwe a fungo la acetone mu mpweya wotulutsidwa.

Pezani makalata a shuga a magazi a ana muzibadwa zokhala ndi zaka 0 mpaka 16

M'badwo wa khanda	Zotsatira za Mayeso a Glucose
Makanda obadwa kumene ndi ana kuyambira chaka chimodzi mpaka ziwiri	2,7–4,4
Ana a Preschool 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 ndi 9 wazaka	3,3–5,0
Achinyamata a zaka 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 ndi 16	3,3–5,5

Malinga ndi tebulo, mutha kuzindikira tanthauzo la kuwunika. Ndi mulingo wama glucose okwera, kuunikiranso kwachiwiri kuyenera kuchitidwa, cholakwacho chitha kukhala chifukwa chosakonzekera bwino musanapendeketsedwe, zochitika zodetsa nkhawa, matenda ofanana ndi endocrine system, kumwa mankhwala ena. Kuti muwonetsetse matenda oyambirirawo, kafukufukuyu amabwerezedwa, kuyesedwa kwa glucose kowonjezereka kumachitika, ndipo mulingo wa glucose ndi insulin mukatha kudya amayendera.

Zoyambitsa Hypoglycemia

Kodi kuchuluka kwa shuga pakati pa ana (azaka 10-16) kumatanthauza chiyani? Kuyankha kuchokera ku mayeso a labotale kungawonetsenso kuchuluka kwa glucose (hypoglycemia), zoterezi sizowopsa kuposa shuga yayikulu ndipo zimafunikira chithandizo chamwadzidzidzi.

• yotupa matenda am'mimba thirakiti: duodenitis, gastritis, gastroenteritis, kapamba,
• kukhalitsa kwa matenda osachiritsika,
• khansa ya kapamba
• matenda ndi obadwa nawo a ubongo, kuvulala kwamitsempha yamaubongo,
• poyizoni wa mankhwala.

Matendawa amachititsa kuti mwana azikhala ndi nkhawa yosaneneka, mwana amadya zopanda malire ndipo samva kukhuta. Pali manjenje, mantha, thukuta, maso amayima m'malo amodzi. Manja amayamba kunjenjemera, kukomoka ndi kukokana minofu ndikotheka. Pambuyo pakuzolowereka, ana sakumbukira zomwe zidawachitikira.

Zikatero, muyenera kupatsa mwanayo chakudya chotsekemera, monga maswiti kapena chidutswa cha batala, buledi woyera. Ngati izi sizikuthandizani muyenera kufunafuna chithandizo chadzidzidzi, ogwira ntchito yazaumoyo amapaka jekeseni m'magazi. Ngati simuthandizidwe panthawi yake, chikomokere chimachitika.

Zomwe Zimayambitsa Madzi Akuluakulu a shuga

Hyperglycemia imatha kupezeka ndi zotsatirazi:

• kudya, masewera olimbitsa thupi kapena kupsinjika patsiku lachiwonetsero,
• kusasamala kwa mahomoni,
• matenda a pancreatic ndi a oncological,
• mankhwala osakhalitsa omwe ali ndi mankhwala osapweteka a antiidal, glucocorticoids,
• matenda a chithokomiro
• lembani 1 kapena matenda 2 a shuga.

Ngati mungazindikire zosokoneza zilizonse pazotsatira zoyeserera, mawonekedwe a khungu la matumbo, muyenera kulankhulana ndi dokotala wa ana ndi endocrinologist. Kuti mudziwe zoyenera, pakufunika maphunziro owonjezera omwe angatsimikizire matendawa kapena kuwatsutsa.

Shuga wa magazi mwa mwana wazaka 10: wabwinobwino komanso patebulo pang'onopang'ono

Chaka chilichonse, matenda a shuga amakula nthawi zambiri ali ana. Onse mwana wazaka chimodzi komanso mwana wazaka 10 zakubadwa amatha kudwala matendawa.

Matendawa amadziwika ndi kuphwanya kagayidwe kazakudya, pamene chithokomiro cha chithokomiro chimatulutsa insulini yaying'ono kapena sichitulutsa timadzi tambiri timadzi tonse. Kuti chithandizo chithandizike, ndikofunikira kuzindikira matenda ashuga kumayambiriro kwa chitukuko.

Monga lamulo, mwa ana a zaka khumi, kuyezetsa magazi kumachitika kamodzi pachaka. Mukamayesedwa, wodwalayo amayesa magazi a shuga. Koma kodi shuga wamwana wazikhalidwe ziti kwa mwana wazaka za sukulu?

Zizindikiro ziti?

Glucose kwa thupi ndi gwero lamphamvu, chifukwa ndikofunikira pakulimbitsa kwamitundu yonse ya ziwalo, kuphatikizapo ubongo. Ndipo lamulo la shuga lamwazi limachitika pogwiritsa ntchito insulin yopangidwa ndi kapamba.

Shuga wotsika kwambiri amawonedwa sutra atagona kudya. Tsiku lonse, kuchuluka kwa glucose m'magazi amasintha - atatha kudya amadzuka, ndipo pakapita nthawi amakhazikika. Koma mwa anthu ena, mutatha kudya, zizindikirazi zimakhalabe zochulukirapo, ichi ndi chizindikiro chooneka bwino cha matenda a metabolic m'thupi, omwe nthawi zambiri chimawonetsa matenda a shuga.

Muzochitika pamene index ya shuga ikuchepa, insulin imayandikira kwathunthu. Chifukwa chake, mwana amamva kufooka, koma kafukufuku wa labotale amafunikira kuti adziwe chomwe chimayambitsa matendawa.

Pangozi ya matenda a shuga ndi ana:

1. onenepa kwambiri
2. iwo omwe amadya moyenera zakudya zamafuta akudya msanga komanso chakudya
3. odwala omwe abale awo anali ndi matenda ashuga.

Kuphatikiza apo, matenda oopsa a hyperglycemia atha kudwala pambuyo poyambitsidwa ndi matenda. Makamaka ngati mankhwalawo sanali olondola kapena osayenera, ndichifukwa chake zovuta zinabuka.

Ana omwe ali pachiwopsezo amayenera kuwunikidwa kawiri pachaka. Chifukwa chaichi, kunyumba kapena malo othandizira, magazi a capillary amatengedwa kuchokera ku chala ndikuwunikira. Kunyumba, amachita izi ndi glucometer, ndipo kuchipatala, pogwiritsa ntchito zida zapadera.

Koma kodi shuga azikhala chotani mwa mwana? Mlingo wa glucose umatsimikizira zaka. Pali tebulo lapadera la zizindikiro.

Chifukwa chake, mwa ana akhanda, mosiyana ndi achikulire, ndende ya shuga imatsitsidwa. Koma chizolowezi cha shuga m'magazi a ana a zaka 10 chimakhala chofanana ndi akulu - 3,3-5,5 mmol / l.

Ndizofunikira kudziwa kuti kupezeka kwa matenda ashuga kumasiyana ndi njira zopezera matendawa kwa anthu akuluakulu. Chifukwa chake, ngati Zizindikiro musanadye ndizapamwamba kuposa shuga wokhazikitsidwa, ndiye kuti madokotala samachotsa kupezeka kwa matendawa, koma kafukufuku wofunikira amafunika kutsimikizira kuti matendawa ndi otani.

Kwenikweni, kuwunika kosamalira kumachitika pambuyo pakuchita zolimbitsa thupi kwambiri. Ngati zotsatira zake zili pamwamba pa 7.7 mmol / l, ndiye muyenera kupita kukaonana ndi endocrinologist.

Zimayambitsa kusinthasintha kwa glucose

Pali zinthu ziwiri zikuluzikulu zomwe zimapangitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi am'magazi mwa ana. Choyamba ndi kusakhazikika kwa thupi kwa ziwalo zomwe zimayambitsa kukula kwa mahomoni. Zowonadi, kumayambiriro kwa moyo, kapamba, poyerekeza ndi chiwindi, mtima, mapapu, ndi ubongo, sizimatengedwa ngati lofunikira.

Chifukwa chachiwiri chosinthira kuchuluka kwa shuga ndi magawo akhama a chitukuko. Chifukwa chake, wazaka 10, nthawi zambiri mwa ana ambiri amalumpha mu shuga. Munthawi imeneyi, timagulu timatulutsa timatulutsa tamphamvu, ndikupangitsa kuti ziwalo zonse za thupi lathu zikule.

Chifukwa chogwira ntchito, shuga m'magazi amasinthasintha. Nthawi yomweyo, kapamba amayenera kugwira ntchito mopindulitsa kuti apatse thupi insulin yokhudzana ndi metabolism yamphamvu.

Mu 90% ya milandu, odwala omwe ali ndi zaka zosakwana 10 amapezeka ndi mtundu woyamba wa matenda ashuga, momwe kapamba samatulutsa insulini. Poona izi, mwana amakula matenda a hyperglycemia. Komabe, nthawi zina, pazaka 10, matenda ashuga amtundu wa 2 amatha kukula, omwe amathandizidwa ndi kunenepa kwambiri komanso mawonekedwe a minyewa yolimbana ndi mahomoni.

Nthawi zambiri, matenda ashuga mwa ana asukulu amakula ndi chibadwa. Koma, abambo ndi amayi akamadwala matenda a hyperglycemia, ndiye kuti mwayiwo umakwera mpaka 25%. Ndipo ngati m'modzi mwa makolo ali ndi matenda a shuga, ndiye kuti kuyambika kwa matendawa ndi 10-12%.

Komanso kupezeka kwa matenda oopsa a hyperglycemia amathandizira ndi:

• matenda opatsirana opatsirana
• zotupa mu kapamba,
• Chithandizo cha nthawi yayitali ndi glucocorticoids ndi mankhwala othana ndi kutupa,
• kusokonezeka kwa mahomoni komwe kumachitika mu chithokomiro cha chithokomiro, chithokomiro cha pituitary, hypothalamus kapena gren adrenal.
• Zotsatira zolakwika
• kuvutitsidwa kwa zakudya zamafuta ndi chakudya.

Kuphatikiza pa hyperglycemia, mwana amatha kukhala ndi hypoglycemia, chifukwa ana amakhala otanganidwa nthawi zonse, choncho thupi lake limagwiritsa ntchito glycogen m'masitolo kwambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, kutsika kwa glucose kumachitika panthawi yanjala, kuchepa kwa metabolic ndi nkhawa.

Mavuto amtunduwu amapanganso kumbuyo kwavulala, zotupa za NS ndi sarcoidosis.

Kuchuluka kwa shuga kwa ana ndi akulu: Kodi chizindikiro ichi chimadalira chiyani?

Chifukwa cha machitidwe a glucose oxidation, mphamvu zonse za metabolism m'maselo zimasungidwa. Glucose ndi ma metabolites ake nthawi zambiri amapezeka m'maselo a pafupifupi ziwalo zonse ndi zomanga thupi.

Magulu akulu a shuga ndi sucrose ndi wowuma, amino acid ndi glycogen m'masamba a chiwindi.

Mlingo wa shuga umayendetsedwa ndi kapamba (insulin, glucagon), pituitary gland (somatotropin, adrenocorticotropic), chithokomiro cha chithokomiro (thyroxine ndi triiodothyronine), gren adrenal glue (glucocorticoids).

Insulin ndiye mahomoni akuluakulu omwe amachepetsa shuga m'magazi, mahomoni ena onse amakhala otsutsana, ndiye kuti, amathandizira kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi.

Tiyeneranso kudziwa kuti kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi a venous kumakhala kotsika kuposa magazi am'mbali. Kusiyana kumeneku kumachitika chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito glucose nthawi zonse m'magazi ndi minofu.

Minofu minofu (chigoba minofu, minyewa yamtima) ndi ubongo zimachitika msanga msanga mashuga am'magazi.

Kodi mungadziwe bwanji molondola glycemia?

Popeza mikhalidwe yokhudzana ndi zaka ingayambitse kusinthika kwa kuchuluka kwa shuga, ndikofunikira kutsatira malamulowo kuti mupeze zotsatira zolondola kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, maola 10-12 musanayambe phunziroli, muyenera kukana chakudya. Amaloledwa kumwa madzi, koma ochepa.

Kuti mudziwe glycemia kunyumba, chala cham mphete chimabedwa koyamba ndi lancet. Dontho la magazi lomwe limayikidwa limagwiritsidwa ntchito papepala, lomwe limayikidwa mu mita ndipo pambuyo masekondi angapo likuwonetsa zotsatira zake.

Ngati mitengo yosala kudya imakhala yoposa 5.5 mmol / l, ndiye chifukwa chake maphunziro owonjezera. Nthawi zambiri, kuyesa kwa glucose kumachitika:

1. wodwala amamwa 75 g ya shuga,
2. pambuyo pa mphindi 120 magazi amatengedwa ndikumuyesa shuga,
3. patatha maola ena awiri muyenera kukonzekera kubwereza kusanthula.

Ngati zizindikirozo ndizoposa 7.7 mmol / l, ndiye kuti mwanayo wapezeka ndi matenda a shuga. Komabe, ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti mu chamoyo chomwe chikukula, zizindikiro zingasiyane ndipo nthawi zambiri zimakhala zopanda chidwi. Kupatula apo, mahomoni omwe ali ndi ana amakhala otakataka, motero amatha kutengera zovuta zachilengedwe.

Chifukwa chake, wodwala amadziwika kuti ndi wodwala matenda ashuga, kuyambira wazaka 18, pomwe seramu yake ya shuga imachokera ku 10 mmol / l. Kuphatikiza apo, zotsatira zotere ziyenera kudziwika mu kafukufuku aliyense.

Koma ngakhale mwana atapezeka kuti ali ndi matenda ashuga, makolo sayenera kutaya mtima. Choyamba, muyenera kuphunzitsa odwala matenda ashuga kuti azolowere moyo wina.

Kenako zakudya za wodwalayo ziyenera kuwunikidwanso, zinthu zovulaza ndi chakudya chamafuta othamanga siziyenera kuphatikizidwa kuchokera pamenepo. Kuphatikiza apo, ndikofunikira kutsatira malingaliro onse a endocrinologist ndikupatsa mwana masewera olimbitsa thupi. nkhaniyi ifotokoza momwe matenda ashuga amakulira mwa ana.

Zomwe shuga mumagazi zimawonedwa ngati zabwinobwino mwa ana

Chizindikiro cha shuga m'magazi ndi chidziwitso chofunikira cha biochemical. Ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti, kutengera zaka, kuchuluka kwa glycemic kumasiyana.Mwana akapanda kudandaula za kukhala ndi moyo wabwino, ndiye kuti ndikokwanira kuyeza kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kamodzi pachaka pofuna kupewa.

Ngati pali kusintha kulikonse kwamatenda, ndiye posachedwa funsani dokotala kuti mupeze chomwe chikuyambitsa ndikulandila malangizo obwezeretsanso glycemia. Izi zikuthandizira kupewa zoyipa ndikuyimitsa kupitilira kwa matendawa m'miyeso yoyambirira.

Zobisika za kusanthula ndi kutanthauzira kwake kuli pansipa.

Kusanthula ndi kutanthauzira kwa zizindikiro

Kuyesedwa kwa shuga kumatha kuchitika ku chipatala chilichonse kapena kunyumba, ngati mugula chida chapadera - glucometer. Zingwe zoyeserera zimalumikizidwa ndi iyo, chosungira chake chomwe chimayenera kukhala mosamalitsa malinga ndi malamulo, ndipo kuphwanya kwawo kumabweretsa zolakwika zazikulu. Kuyezetsa magazi kwa shuga kumachitika molingana ndi malamulo:

1. Phunziroli limachitika m'mawa, pamimba yopanda kanthu (i.e., mwana sayenera kudya asanafike mayeso kwa maola 8-10).
2. M'mbuyomu, simungathe kutsuka mano, chifukwa dzino lotetemera limakhala ndi shuga, lomwe limamezedwa ndi malovu ndikusintha mtengo wowona.
3. Magazi a shuga amatengedwa kuchokera pachala.
4. Ndikupangiratu kuti musamachite kafukufuku nthawi yamatendawa, chifukwa nthawi imeneyi, Zizindikiro zimasiyana kawirikawiri.

Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti kuyezetsa magazi kwa shuga ndi glucometer nthawi zonse kumapereka cholakwika chochepa.

Ichi ndichifukwa chakuphwanya njira ya njirayi, kulumikizidwa kwa mizere yoyeserera ndi mpweya kapena zolakwika pakugwiritsa ntchito chipangizocho.

Ngati manambala omwe apezeka ali pafupi ndi malire, ndiye kuti muunikenso kuti musadzaphonye matenda ena alionse. Gome losonyeza shuga wabwinobwino m'mibadwo:

Zaka zaubwana	Makhalidwe abwinobwino, mmol / l
Mpaka chaka chimodzi	2,8-4,4
Mwana wazaka chimodzi	3,3-5,0
Pa zaka 2	3,3-5,0
Ali ndi zaka zitatu	3,3-5,0
Ali ndi zaka 4	3,3-5,0
Ndili ndi zaka 5	3,3-5,0
Ndili ndi zaka 6	3,3-5,5
Ndili ndi zaka 7	3,3-5,5
Ndili ndi zaka 8	3,3-5,5
Ndili ndi zaka 9	3,3-5,5
Ndili ndi zaka 10	3,3-5,5
Zaka 11 mpaka 12 ndi kupitirira	3,3-5,5

Pofuna kupewa matenda akuluakulu a endocrine pathology - matenda a shuga - muyenera kudziwa kuchuluka kwa shuga patsiku, kutengera zaka za ana. Mpaka chaka chimodzi, ngati mwana sanayamwe, shuga sayenera kuwonjezeredwa ku chakudya.

Zosakanikirana zomwe zimagulitsidwa sizikupezeka konse, ndipo sucrose yodziwika bwino kwa akuluakulu yasinthidwa ndi maltose ndi lactose mwa iwo. Pazaka chimodzi, shuga wambiri amaloledwa, ndipo pofika zaka zitatu, shuga wambiri patsiku amadzuka mpaka 40 g.

Pazaka zisanu ndi chimodzi, shuga amapezeka 50 g.

Zokometsera zakudya zimapangidwa mwa makanda chaka choyamba cha moyo, ndiko kuti, pafupifupi kubadwa. Mu makanda, ma receptor amakomedwe nthawi zambiri amamvera kwambiri ma irritent amisala kuposa akuluakulu.

Amayi, musanadyetse mwana, mulawe chakudya chonse ndipo sakuganiza kuti chimakhala chokoma, motero amawonjezera shuga ku kukoma kwawo. Ndikosatheka kuchita izi, chifukwa chakudya chotere chimawoneka ngati chokoma kwambiri kwa mwana, ndipo amachizolowera, chomwe chimasiyira zokonda zamtsogolo mtsogolo.

Mpaka chaka chimodzi, mwana sayenera kuwonjezera shuga ku chakudya

Kufotokozera za kupatuka kwa mfundo zamasewera a glycemic

Choyamba, muyenera kudziwa zomwe zimakhudza kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi mwa ana.

Choyamba, wopanga chakudya uyenera kubwera ndi chakudya, ndipo ngati pali kuphwanya ulalo wina uliwonse pamatangadza, mwana adzakumana ndi vuto losowa shuga.

Chotsatira ndi chimbudzi chake ndi mayamwidwe, omwe amathanso kusokoneza. Pomaliza, glucose imayendetsedwa ndi mahomoni ambiri:

• Insulin ndiye timadzi tomwe timatsitsa shuga. Amapangidwa mu kapamba, ndipo zochita zake zimawonetsedwa ndi kugwiritsa ntchito shuga komanso kuletsa kwake.
• Glucagon imapangidwa pamalo amodzi, koma imakhala ndi zotsatira zotsutsana, zomwe cholinga chake ndikuwonongeka kwa glycogen.
• Mahomoni opsinjika amakulitsa shuga m'magazi mwa mwana.
• Ma mahomoni a chithokomiro amakhala ndi mphamvu yolimbikitsa pamachitidwe onse a metabolic, kuwonjezera magazi.

Zinthu zonsezi pamwambapa zimasunga glycemia paliponse. Kuphwanya ulalo uliwonse kumawonetsedwa m'chiwonetserochi pakuchepa kapena kuwonjezeka. Kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi mwa ana kumatha kuchitika ndi:

1. Njala.
2. Matenda a kapamba (kapamba). Potere, mapangidwe a mahomoni amasokonezeka ndipo kusintha kwamayankho kumachitika.
3. Matenda aaticatic akupita patsogolo kwakanthawi.
4. Ma insulomas ndi matenda otupa kuchokera ku zotulutsa za pancreatic zomwe zimapanga ndikutulutsa insulin yambiri m'magazi.
5. Matenda amanjenje.
6. Sarcoidosis
7. Poizoni ndi arsenic kapena mankhwala ena.

Ndi kuchepa kwambiri kwamlingo wama glucose, mwana amakhala wakhama kwambiri, koma osakhazikika. Kenako pamakhala chizungulire komanso kusazindikira, limodzi ndi matenda opatsirana. Ngati simupereka thandizo lililonse, ndiye kuti nthenda ya hypoglycemic imachitika, nthawi zina kutha kwake. Komabe, thandizo poyamba ndi lophweka: ingopatsani maswiti kapena supuni ya shuga.

Kuchuluka kwa shuga kwa mwana kumatha kuchitika chifukwa cha matenda a pancreatic

Pali zifukwa zambiri zowonjezera shuga wachilengedwe mwa mwana. Matenda ofala kwambiri mu ana ndi matenda a shuga, omwe amakhala m'malo oyamba a endocrinological pathology mwa akulu. Koma pali zifukwa zambiri za kuchuluka kwambiri:

• Kupsinjika ndi zochitika zolimbitsa thupi zaposachedwa.
• Matenda a ziwalo zopanga mahomoni (hyperthyroidism, Itsenko-Cushing's syndrome ndi ena).
• Chotupa cha pancreatic chomwe chimasokoneza kaphatikizidwe ka insulin.
• Kunenepa kwambiri
• Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osachiritsika kwa nthawi yayitali.

Koma musaope kuwonjezeka kwa nthawi imodzi, chifukwa mukanatha kuchita kafukufukuyo molakwika kapena pali zovuta zina pakayendetsedwe ka chipangizocho. Komanso mahomoni opsinjika, otulutsidwa poyankha ululu wammbuyo, amatha kukhazikitsidwa mwa ana.

Koma izi zimachitika pokhapokha njira yachiwiri komanso yotsatira, chifukwa panthawi yoyamba kuphunzira sadziwa zomwe zichitike.

Kuchuluka kwa shuga kwa mwana kumasiyana malinga ndi zaka, chifukwa chake kholo lililonse liyenera kudziwa manambala omwe aperekedwa patebulopo. Ngati ndizosiyana ndi zomwe zili pamwambazi, ndiye kulumikizana ndi dokotala wa ana.

Pankhaniyi, kuwunikiranso magazi a shuga ndi kutsimikiza kwa chifukwa chake kuchuluka kapena kuchepa kudzachitika kuchipatala.

Kuzindikira koyambirira kumathandiza mwana wanu kukhala wathanzi komanso kuchiritsa matenda osiyanasiyana oyambira.

Zizindikiro zopeza shuga

Miyezi ya shuga m'magazi imayang'aniridwa mosalephera ngati zizindikiro za hyperglycemia kapena hypoglycemia zikuwoneka. Dziwani kuti koyambirira kwamatenda, wodwalayo amatha kuona zochepa chabe za kusintha kwa shuga m'magazi. Pachifukwa ichi, kuphwanya kwambiri kwa glucose komwe kumapezeka ndikuchotsedwa, kumachepetsa mwayi wokhala ndi zovuta zazikulu.

Zisonyezo za kusanthula kwa shuga m'magazi ndi kupezeka kwa wodwala:

• Zizindikiro za hypoglycemia kapena hyperglycemia,
• kukaikira matenda ashuga
• kunenepa
• kwambiri matenda a chiwindi ndi impso,
• Matenda omwe amakhudza chithokomiro, chithokomiro cha adrenal, gland
• matenda a shuga oyembekezera,
• shuga kulekerera,
• Mbiri ya odwala matenda ashuga achibale apafupi (odwala oterewa amawalimbikitsa kuti ayesedwe matenda ashuga kamodzi pachaka),
• chachikulu mtima atherosulinosis,
• zovuta zam'magazi,
• gout
• ochepa matenda oopsa
• matenda opatsirana a etiology kapena fungal etiology,
• pyoderma pafupipafupi (makamaka furunculosis),
• pafupipafupi cystitis, urethritis, etc.,
• ovary polycystic,
• pafupipafupi msambo.

Komanso, kusanthula uku kumachitika kwa akhanda ndi amayi oyembekezera. Chizindikiro chowonjezera cha maphunziro a kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi ndi kupezeka kwa mayi yemwe ali ndi mbiri yopezeka isanakwane, kubereka msanga, mavuto okhala ndi pakati, kubadwa kwa matenda ashuga, komanso kubadwa kwa ana akulu, makanda obadwa, ndi makanda okhala ndi vuto lakukhula.

Matenda a shuga ndi osowa kwambiri mwa ana akhanda, komabe, ana onse omwe ali ndi kulemera kwakukulu, kuchepa kwakakhazikika, kusalidwa kwa embyogenis, ndi zina zotere, amayenera kuwunika matenda ashuga komanso kubadwa kwa hypothyroidism.

Komanso, odwala omwe ali ndi zaka zopitilira makumi anayi ndi zisanu, anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a kapamba (pancreatitis) ndi iwo omwe amatenga cytostatics, glucocorticoids ndi immunosuppressapy amafunika kuwunika pafupipafupi.

Shuga wotsika mwa mwana

Kutsika kwa shuga m'magazi mwa ana (hypoglycemia) kumawonetsedwa ndi mawonekedwe:

• kuchuluka kwaukali, nkhawa, kusangalala komanso kuchita mantha, kusokonekera, kulira, mantha opanda pake,
• tuluka thukuta,
• kukomoka mtima,
• kugwedezeka kwa miyendo, khunyu,
• khungu loyera, laimvi kapena loyera,
• ana opukusidwa
• kuthamanga kwa magazi
• kumva kwamphamvu njala
• kusanza, kusanza kosalephera,
• kufooka kwakatundu
• ulesi, kugona,
• mgwirizano wolakwika,
• mutu
• kusokoneza mlengalenga ndi nthawi,
• Kuzindikira kwa chidziwitso, kusakhoza kuyang'ana,
• kuphwanya khungu komanso kumva kupweteka,
• kumverera konyansa pakhungu langa,
• kusokonezeka kukumbukira
• machitidwe osayenera
• mawonekedwe akumaso awiri
• kukomoka, ndi hypoglycemia yoopsa komanso yopita patsogolo, ikhoza kuyamba.

Werengani pa: Zonse zomwe zimayambitsa shuga wochepa. Zogulitsa ndi zochitika zomwe zimachulukitsa msanga kukhala zabwinobwino

Shuga wochepa wamagazi wakhanda: Zizindikiro

Mwana wakhanda, shuga wochepa amatha kuwonekera ndikulira, kulira kosalekeza, kugona tulo, kuchepa thupi, kusokonekera kwamkati, kuchepa thupi, khungu kapenanso khungu, kunjenjemera kwa miyendo ndi chibwano, kunjenjemera.

Zizindikiro ndi zizindikilo za shuga kwambiri mwa ana

Kukula kwa shuga (hyperglycemia) kungachitike pamene:

• ludzu losatha (polydipsia),
• kukodza pafupipafupi (polyuria), chifukwa choti kusowa kwamadzi kumatha,
• Kuchepetsa thupi, ngakhale mutalakalaka kudya,
• kutopa kosalekeza ndi kugona,
• masomphenya osalala, kuchepa kwa masomphenya,
• kusinthika kwatsoka (ngakhale zidutswa zazing'ono zimachiritsa kwanthawi yayitali)
• kuyanika kosalekeza kwa mucous nembanemba,
• kuyanika kwambiri pakhungu,
• kuyamwa nthawi zonse pakhungu ndi mucous;
• pafupipafupi mabakiteriya komanso matenda oyamba ndi fungus,
• kusamba kwa msambo
• maliseche candidiasis,
• retitis otitis
• arrhythmias
• kupumira msanga
• kupweteka kwam'mimba
• fungo la acetone.

Werengani pa: shuga ya magazi ndi chizolowezi kwa akazi pofika zaka - tebulo lovuta

Momwe mungaperekere magazi kwa ana a shuga

Kuyesedwa katatu kumagwiritsidwa ntchito pozindikira chizindikiro cha glucose:

• kuwerenga kwa kuchuluka kwa shuga akusala kudya (kuyeserera kumachitika m'mawa, pamimba yopanda kanthu),
• kuyeserera kwa glucose,
• kutsimikiza kwa mwachisawawa shuga masana.

Ana ochepera zaka khumi ndi zinayi samachita mayeso ololera a glucose.

Kuthamanga shuga kwa magazi kuyenera kutsimikiziridwa pamimba yopanda kanthu m'mawa. Popeza chakudya chomaliza, pafupifupi maola asanu ndi atatu ayenera kudutsa.

Phunzirolo lisanachitike, kupsinjika kwa m'maganizo ndi kwakuthupi kuyenera kupatula.

Pakupita masiku atatu isanachitike kafukufukuyu, ndikulimbikitsidwa, ngati kuli kotheka, kusiya kumwa pakamwa, thiazides, vitamini C, metopyron, corticosteroids, salicylates, phenothiazine, etc.

Osachepera tsiku lisanachitike kuwunikira, zakumwa zoledzeretsa siziyenera kuphatikizidwa.

Zomwe zingakhudze zotsatira za phunziroli

Zotsatira zabodza za phunziroli zimatha kupezeka mwa odwala omwe amathandizidwa ndi glucocorticosteroids, mahomoni okula, estrogens, caffeine, thiazides.

Komanso shuga wokwezeka amatha kupezeka mwa anthu omwe amasuta.

Mchere wotsika wamagazi ungawonedwe mwa anthu omwe akuchitidwa ndi anabolic steroids, propranolol, salicylates, antihistamines, insulin, ndi mapiritsi ochepetsa shuga m'mlomo.

Komanso, shuga wochepa amatha kukhala ndi poizoni ndi chloroform kapena arsenic, odwala omwe ali ndi leukemia kapena erythrocythemia.

Magazi a shuga

Matenda a shuga ndi amodzi mwa matenda oopsa, omwe amadziwika ndi kusowa kwa insulin mthupi la munthu ndipo chizolowezi cha shuga m'magazi chimaphwanyidwa. Monga mukudziwa, matendawa amatha kutsimikiza pogwiritsa ntchito kuyezetsa magazi, momwe shuga ndi shuga zimachulukira. Ndi matenda ashuga, shuga ndi magazi zimachuluka, izi zimatha kuyezedwa mosavuta pogwiritsa ntchito glucometer kapena kuwunika kofala. Chifukwa chake, odwala amafunika kupeleka magazi nthawi zonse chifukwa cha matenda ashuga.

• Matenda a shuga: Zizindikiro ndi chizindikiro
• Zoyambitsa matenda ashuga
• Tchati cha Mageti a Magazi
• Kodi kuyezetsa magazi ndikofunikira ndipo chifukwa chiyani kumafunikira?
• Miyezo ya shuga yamagazi
• Ndani angayesedwe?
• Kodi pali ngozi yotani ya shuga ndi shuga?
• Kupewa ndi Matenda a shuga

Ngati matenda ashuga akungopangika, ndiye kuti njira yozungulira magazi imasokonezeka pang'onopang'ono ndipo kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kumachuluka kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, muyenera kulabadira kuyesedwa kwa magazi kwa matenda ashuga ndikupangitsa kuti kufulumira, chifukwa izi zikuthandizani kudziwa mtundu wa matenda ndi njira yopewa yomwe ingakhale yabwino.

Chizolowezi cha shuga m'magazi mwa mwana - gome pofika zaka

Kuchuluka kwa shuga mwa ana kumatengera zaka.

Muyeso wamagulu a shuga m'magazi a mwana wazaka 1 ali mulingo kuyambira 2.8 mpaka 4,4 mmol / l.

Mchitidwe wamagulu a shuga wamagazi wachinyamata uchoka pa 3,3 mpaka 5.6.

Zotsatira pamibadwo:

M'badwo	Mlingo wa glucose, mmol / l
Mpaka milungu inayi	2, 8 — 4,4
Masabata anayi mpaka khumi ndi anayi	3,3 — 5,6
Zaka khumi ndi zinayi mpaka makumi asanu ndi limodzi	4,1 — 5,9
Zaka sikisite mpaka makumi asanu ndi anayi	4,6 — 6,4
Pambuyo pa zaka makumi asanu ndi anayi	4,2 — 6,7

Njira zoyenera kutsata shuga zimawonedwa ngati kawiri kutsimikiza kwa shuga m'mwambamu:

• zisanu ndi ziwiri za kusala kudya,
• 1- mayeso a kulolera kwa glucose (mphindi 120 pambuyo poyesa) mwa ana opitirira zaka khumi ndi zinayi,
• 1 popanda zosokoneza shuga.

Matenda a shuga: Zizindikiro ndi chizindikiro

Monga matenda aliwonse, matenda ashuga ali ndi zomwe ali ndi zizindikilo zake zomwe zimapangitsa kuti azindikire mosavuta. Zizindikiro zazikulu za matenda ashuga ndi:

• Kuwonjezeka kwa shuga m'magazi achilendo ndikuphwanso kwa kuzungulira kwa magazi.
• Kulimbitsa kufooka, kugona, kusanza, komanso kusanza.
• Kulakalaka, kufunitsitsa kudya kapena kuchuluka kwambiri, kunenepa kwambiri, ndi zina zambiri.
• Kusabereka, kufooka kwamanzere ndi zolakwika zina zakuberekera mwa amuna.
• Ululu m'mikono, m'miyendo, kapena kuchiritsa kwa mabala nthawi yayitali (magazi amayenda m'mitsempha, kotero magazi amawonjezeka pang'onopang'ono).

Ndizizindikiro zomwe matenda a shuga amakhala nazo, amatha kuzindikiridwa onse ndi kuyezetsa magazi konse, komanso ndi glucometer. Mu shuga mellitus, pali kuchuluka kwa shuga ndi sucrose m'magazi, ndipo izi zimapangitsa kuti magwiridwe antchito amthupi komanso magazi azithamanga. Pankhaniyi, tikulimbikitsidwa kukaonana ndi endocrinologist yemwe akupatseni zakudya zoyenera ndikuwona chithandizo chomwe chingakhale chothandiza kwambiri.

Zoyambitsa matenda ashuga

Pali zifukwa zomwe matenda a shuga amayamba kukula mthupi la munthu ndikupita patsogolo moipa. Kwenikweni, matenda a shuga amakula pazifukwa zotsatirazi:

• Kuperewera kwa insulin ndi ayodini m'thupi la munthu.
• Kugwiritsa ntchito molakwika shuga, maswiti ndi zakudya zomwe zimakhala ndi mitundu ya nitrate.
• Zakudya zopanda pake, zizolowezi zoipa, mowa ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo.
• Kukhala ndi moyo wopendekera, zizolowezi zoipa komanso kukula thupi.
• Zinthu zokhudzana ndi msambo kapena usinkhu (matenda a shuga amapezeka makamaka mwa achikulire ndi okalamba).

Matenda a shuga amakhala ndi zizindikiritso za shuga wamagazi, pakutsimikiza kwa momwe patebulo lapadera linapangidwira. Aliyense adzakhala ndi chiwonetsero chawo cha shuga ndi glucose, chifukwa chake amalimbikitsidwa kuyang'ana ku tebulo ndi kukaonana ndi endocrinologist yemwe amafotokoza zonse mwatsatanetsatane ndipo adzafunsira pazinthu zilizonse zosangalatsa. Mu shuga mellitus, magazi a glucose sayenera kukhala apamwamba kuposa 7.0 mmol / L, chifukwa izi zitha kusokoneza chida chonse.

Zoyambitsa Hyperglycemia

Hypoglycemia imatha kupezeka mwa odwala ndi:

• SD
• kuchuluka kwachilengedwe m'magulu a shuga (kupsinjika, kuchuluka kwa thupi, kuchuluka kwa adrenaline),
• pheochromocytomas, thyrotoxicosis, acromegaly, Cushing's syndrome, somatostatinomas,
• cystic fibrosis, kapamba, zotupa zoyipa, etc.,
• kugwidwa mtima, stroko,
• pathologies limodzi ndi mawonekedwe a ma antibodies kupita ku insulin mahandiredi olowa.

Hypoglycemia imapezeka ngati wodwala ali ndi:

• adrenogenital syndrome, hypopituitarism, hypothyroidism, matenda a Addison,
• ketotic hypoglycemia (yofanana ndi ya ana obadwa msanga kwa amayi omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga),
• matenda a chiwindi
• khansa yam'mimba kapena matenda a m'mimba
• malungo
• kutopa
• chazonama
• matenda oopsa
• insulinomas, kusowa kwa glucagon.

Komanso, hypoglycemia imatha kupezeka mwa akhanda omwe ali ndi vuto lalikulu, matenda a intrauterine, omwe ali ndi vuto la mkaka wa m'mawere, amayi ndi ena.

Tchati cha Mageti a Magazi

M'badwo wa munthu	Mulingo wa shuga wamagazi (gawo la muyeso - mmol / l)
Mpaka mwezi	2,8-4,4
Osakwana zaka 14	3,2-5,5
Zaka 14-60	3,2-5,5
Zaka 60-90 zakubadwa	4,6-6,4
Zaka 90+	4,2-6,7

Mphindi yofunikira pankhaniyi ndikudya koyenera komanso kutsatira shuga wamagazi, omwe sayenera kukhala apamwamba kuposa zokhazikitsidwa ndi endocrinologists. Pofuna kuti musachulukitse kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, muyenera kusiya kugwiritsa ntchito maswiti, mowa ndikuwunika shuga, chifukwa zimatengera izi ngati matendawa apita patsogolo.

Ndikofunikira kuyendera endocrinologist ndi wazakudya pafupipafupi, yemwe angadziwitse matenda omwe ali oyenera ndikuwonetsetsa kuti ndi njira yanji ya zakudya ndi njira zopewera zomwe zingakhale zoyenera ngati pankhaniyi.

Matenda a shuga amakhala ndi zizindikiro, ndipo chimodzi mwazomwe zimachitika ndi shuga. Ndizofanana ndi chizolowezi cha shuga ndi glucose omwe akatswiri amawona mtundu wa shuga komanso chithandizo chomwe angagwiritse ntchito pamenepa.

Ngati matenda amtundu 1 a shuga kapena gawo loyambirira, ndikulimbikitsidwa kutsatira zakudya zomwe zimamwa ndikugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa omwe angathandizire kuti matendawo apitirize kukula komanso zovuta zake. Komanso, akatswiri amalimbikitsa kusiya zizolowezi zonse zoipa, mowa ndi kusuta fodya, iyi ndi njira yabwino yothanirana ndi matendawa.

Matenda a shuga angayambitse matenda amasamba, m'mimba ndi mtima, ndipo izi zikuwopseza kukula kwa matenda ena owopsa komanso owopsa. Matenda a shuga amakhalanso ndi miyezo yake ya shuga, monga zikuwonekeranso ndi tebulo lomwe ma endocrinologists amapereka pakuwunika ndi kufunsana.

Ngati mumamwa insulini nthawi zonse ndikuyang'ana zakudya zoyenera, ndiye kuti kuyimitsidwa kwamatenda ndikokwera. Chofunikira ndikumalandira chithandizo koyamba, chifukwa ngati matendawa ayamba kupita patsogolo ndikusokoneza kayendedwe ka magazi, ndiye kuti pali mwayi wokhala ndi vuto.

Kuchulukitsa

Kupatuka kuchoka pamiyezo yokhazikika kumayendedwe okukula kumatchulidwa kumalo azachipatala monga hyperglycemia.

Mapangidwe a hyperglycemia akhoza:

• Zakudya zosalamulirika zokhala ndi shuga,
• chithokomiro cha chithokomiro, chithokomiro, zotupa,
• matenda a pancreatic, zomwe zimapangitsa kutsika kwa insulin mthupi,
• onenepa kwambiri
• matenda amanjenje
• kusowa kwa masewera olimbitsa thupi
• matenda opatsirana
• kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala othana ndi kutupa omwe alibe mahomoni kwa nthawi yayitali.

Kodi kuyezetsa magazi ndikofunikira ndipo chifukwa chiyani kumafunikira?

Pogwiritsa ntchito kuyezetsa magazi ambiri, mutha kudziwa mtundu wa matenda oopsa a shuga komanso ndi chithandizo chiti chomwe chikhala chofunikira kwambiri. Kuyesedwa kwa mitundu iwiri ya anthu odwala matenda ashuga ndikofunikira:

• Mvetsetsani momwe mulingo wotsegulira magazi ndi zomwe zili zofunikira (aliyense azikhala payekha, zimatengera mawonekedwe a thupi).
• Dziwani mtundu wa matenda ashuga komanso momwe ungathere mwachangu.
• Dziwani zomwe zimathandizira kuti matendawa athe kukula ndikuchotsa zomwe zimayambitsa (chotsani zizolowezi zoyipa, kukhazikitsa zakudya zoyenera ndi zina zotero).

Kwenikweni, pa izi, ndikofunikira kukayezetsa magazi, komwe kungathandize kudziwa momwe angachiritsire matenda ashuga komanso momwe angaletsere chitukuko chakecho. Kuwunikira koteroko kuyenera kuchitika kamodzi miyezi iwiri iliyonse, ndipo mwina nthawi zambiri, kutengera zaka komanso mtundu wa matenda amishuga eni.

Kusanthula kotereku kumagawidwa kwa okalamba 1 m'miyezi iwiri, koma achinyamata ndi ana amatha kuyesedwa kamodzi pachaka. Chifukwa chake, ndibwino kufunsa dokotala, amene afotokoze mwatsatanetsatane chifukwa chake kusanthula uku kukufunika komanso ngati kuli bwino kutero. Kuphatikiza kwa magazi m'magazi a shuga ndikofunikira kwambiri, makamaka ngati matendawa akupitilizabe kukula.

Miyezo ya shuga yamagazi

Mu shuga mellitus, pali miyezo ya shuga ndi shuga m'magazi, zomwe ndikofunikira kuti muzitsatira. Akatswiri azindikira kuti chizolowezi cha shuga m'magazi ndi:

• Mwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga - zomwe zimadziwika kuti zimachokera ku 5.5-7.0 mol / lita.
• Mwa anthu athanzi, 3,8-5.5 mol / lita.

Ndikofunika kulabadira izi ndikulingalira kuti ngakhale mafuta owonjezera m'magazi amatha kusokoneza magwiridwe antchito amthupi ndikudzutsa kukula kwa matenda a shuga mellitus mowonjezereka, ndipo izi zikuwopseza zotsatira zoyipa.

Kuti muwone shuga m'magazi, muyenera kumayesa pafupipafupi ndikutsatira zakudya zamagulu, zomwe zimayikidwa ndi akatswiri ngati prophylaxis ndi chithandizo cha matenda ashuga. Matenda a shuga amaphwanya mulingo wa shuga m'magazi, ndizoyenera chifukwa cha izi kuti matendawa amakhala oopsa komanso oopsa, chifukwa anthu omwe ali ndi chitetezo chamthupi chovuta komanso odwala mtima ali ndi matenda ovutika kwambiri.

Kuphwanya shuga m'magazi kumatha kuwopseza ziwalo, kusakhazikika kwa magazi ndi mikwingwirima, komwe kumachitika chifukwa chotaya magazi ambiri m'mitsempha.

Kuti mudziwe matenda a shuga ndi mtundu wake, ndikofunikira kukayezetsa magazi onse. Chifukwa chake, kuyesa ndi njira yofunika komanso yosasinthika kwa iwo omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga komanso owonjezera shuga.

Ndani angayesedwe?

Magazi a shuga amatha kuperekedwa ndi aliyense amene ali ndi matenda ashuga kapena wokhathamira m'magazi. Biochemistry ndi kuwunika kwathunthu sizimadalira zaka, jenda kapena magawo a shuga, chifukwa chake amaloledwa kuyesa aliyense, kapena m'malo mwake:

• Ana kuyambira ali akhanda (ngati matenda ashuga akungoyamba kumene kukula m'thupi).
• Achinyamata, makamaka ngati njira ya kutha msinkhu ndi kusokonekera kwa mahomoni zomwe zingawonetse kuti matenda a shuga akupezeka.
• Akuluakulu ndi okalamba (mosaganizira jenda ndi gawo la matendawa).

Ana ali akhanda salangizidwa kuti azichita mayeso pafupipafupi kuposa nthawi ziwiri pachaka.Izi zimathandizira kuti thupi lisakule komanso kuti magazi azithamanga, omwe amathanso kukhala osakhazikika. Mukakhala ndi magazi okwanira, posakhalitsa akatswiri athe kudziwa mtundu ndi mtundu wa matenda ashuga, ndipo kupewa ndikuwathandizanso zimadalira izi.

Kodi pali ngozi yotani ya shuga ndi shuga?

Monga mukudziwa, matenda a shuga amatha kukhala owopsa paumoyo wathunthu ndikugwira ntchito kwa thupi, chifukwa chake amalimbikitsidwa kumwa chithandizo msanga ndikuwunika ndi endocrinologist. Matenda a shuga ndi shuga wambiri amatha kukhala owopsa pazifukwa izi:

• Shuga amaswa makoma amitsempha yamagazi kuchokera mkati, amawapangitsa kukhala olimba, osachepera komanso osayenda.
• Njira yozungulira imasokonekera ndipo zotengera zimayamba kuwala kwambiri, ndipo izi zimawopseza ndi kuchepa magazi komanso kupanga matenda ena owopsa.
• Matenda a shuga angayambitse kupweteka kwa impso, chiwindi ndi biliary, ndipo m'matumbo amathanso kusokonekera.
• Shuga wamagazi komanso magazi osakhazikika amasokoneza masinthidwe am'maso, omwe amachepa limodzi ndi zovuta za matenda ashuga.
• Mabala ndi kuvulala kwakuthupi kumachiritsa kwakanthawi komanso kovuta, chifukwa magazi amawonjezeka pang'onopang'ono komanso zowawa.
• Pangakhale zovuta za kukhala wonenepa kwambiri, kapena mosemphanitsa, kuchepa thupi mwadzidzidzi ndi matenda a anorexia chifukwa cha shuga wosagwirizana wamagazi ndi magazi osakhazikika.

Komanso matenda ashuga amatha kusokoneza dongosolo lamanjenje, lomwe pamapeto pake limayamba kugwa ndikusakwiya. Kusokonezeka kwamaganizidwe, kupsinjika kwa m'maganizo, komanso mutu wambiri ungachitike. Chifukwa chake, kupewa matenda ashuga ndikofunikira, muyenera kuganizira bwino nkhaniyi ndikuyamba kulandira chithandizo posachedwa.

Kupewa ndi Matenda a shuga

Sitikulimbikitsidwa kudzipangira nokha chithandizo popanda kuonana ndi dokotala, chifukwa izi zingayambitse chitukuko cha matenda ashuga. Monga njira zodzitetezera, akatswiri amalimbikitsa:

• Siyani zizolowezi zilizonse zoipa, kusiya kumwa mowa, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo komanso kusuta.
• Bwezeretsani zakudya zoyenera ndikutsatira zakudya zomwe dokotala wakupatsani (osapatula zakudya zotsekemera, zamafuta ndi zopanda pake).
• Khalani ndi moyo wokangalika, chezani nthawi yambiri kunja ndi kusewera masewera.
• Osagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ena aliwonse osokoneza bongo popanda kugwiritsa ntchito endocrinologist.
• Kuyesani kwathunthu, pitani kuyezetsa magazi ndi kufunsa dokotala zokhudzana ndi kupewa.

Ndi njira zopewera kuchitira kuti akatswiri amalimbikitsa kuwonetsetsa kuti matenda ndi othandizira ndi othandizadi. Kwenikweni, ma endocrinologists amakupatsani njira zochizira:

• Kutsatira zakudya ndi zakudya zoyenera, komanso kuthetseratu zizolowezi zoipa, mowa ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo.
• Kugwiritsa ntchito insulin ndi mankhwala ena omwe amatsutsana ndi endocrinologist.
• Yang'anirani shuga, ndiye kuti kuchuluka kwa magazi a shuga kuyenda bwino ndipo izi zikuthandizira kuchira.
• Osagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala aliwonse osokoneza bongo komanso othandizira masomphenya, ntchito yam'mimba ndi magazi, chifukwa izi zitha kupititsa patsogolo njira yowonjezera mawonekedwe ndi mtundu wa matenda ashuga.

Chonde dziwani kuti zimatengera magawo a kuyezetsa magazi kuti ndi shuga komanso momwe zingayendere. Kuletsa njirayi ndikuthandizira kuchira msanga, tikulimbikitsidwa kutsatira njira zonse zodzitetezera ndikutsatira mosamalitsa malangizo a endocrinologist, omwe, akuwunika ndi zotsatira za mayeso, amasankha njira zamankhwala othandizira komanso kupewa.

Komanso, chinthu chachikulu ndicho kukhala wodekha ndikutembenukira kwa endocrinologists mu nthawi, ndiye kuti matenda a shuga amatha kuchiritsidwa mwachangu popanda zovuta.

Kodi ana amatha kudwala matenda ashuga?

• 1 Mitundu ya matenda
• 2 Zifukwa ndi maphunziro
• 3 Zizindikiro za matenda
• 4 Zotsatira
• 5 Kuzindikira matenda ashuga mwa ana
• 6 Kodi tiyenera kuchitanji?
  • 6.1 Kuchiza matenda a shuga 1
  • 6.2 Chithandizo cha matenda a 2
• 7 Kupewa
• 8 Maulosi Akubwezeretsa

Njira yothandizira monga matenda a shuga kwa ana imawonedwa ngati yowopsa, chifukwa nthawi zambiri sizotheka kudziwa vuto poyambira, ndipo palibe aliyense wa ana amene ali ndi vuto chifukwa cha izi. Matendawa amatha kudwala ali ndi zaka zilizonse, choncho ndi zizindikiro zokayikitsa ndikwabwino kuti muwonetse mwana kwa katswiri. Chithandizo cha matenda ashuga mwa ana chimafunika kusungidwa kwa malamulo omveka bwino omwe mwanayo athe kuzolowera moyo watsopano ndikukula pamlingo wa anzawo.

Mitundu ya matenda

Matendawa amadziwonetsera mwa mwana wokhala ndi chiyembekezo cha m'badwo uliwonse. Matenda a shuga amatha kupezedwa ngakhale mwa mwana mpaka chaka chimodzi, ndipo palibe njira zopewa kuteteza kudwala.

Mpaka wazaka 13, kapamba amagwira ntchito ndipo, mwanjira imeneyi, kupanga insulin kumakhala koyenera, motero, kuyambira zaka zitatu mpaka zaka 10 mpaka 13, ndikofunikira kuyang'anira thanzi la zinyalala. Mitundu yotsatira ya matenda ashuga mwa ana imasiyanitsidwa:

• Mtundu 1 wodwala insulin. Amayamba chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa thupi la maselo enaake a beta omwe amapatula insulin.
• Mtundu 2 wosadalira insulin. Ndi matenda awa, thupi silikuthandizira kupanga insulini, chifukwa chake glucose samatha kulowa m'maselo ndikuwapatsa "mafuta".

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Zolinga ndi maphunziro

Tsimikizani mosamala zomwe zimapangitsa kuyambika kwa matenda osokoneza bongo sizikukhazikika. Madokotala amati matenda a ana amapezeka mwa ana omwe mabanja awo ali ndi matenda ashuga. Chiyambireni cha matenda a zamisempha chitha kuikidwa ndi zovuta zamatenda, matenda amisamba, kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi. Tiyeni tikambirane mwatsatanetsatane zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a shuga kwa ana.

Zinthu zomwe zimakhudza kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi mwa ana.

• Khalidweli. Mwana akabadwira m’banja la odwala matenda ashuga, amakhala ndi mwayi wodwala. Komabe, izi sizitanthauza kuti mwana wabadwa ndipo matendawa akuwoneka 100%. Jini la matendawa silimatengedwa nthawi zonse kuchokera kwa makolo, ndipo ngati mungayang'ane thanzi la zinyenyeswazi kuyambira muli achichepere kwambiri, limbitsani chitetezo chamthupi ndikulimbana ndi ma pathologies a viral, matenda ashuga sangachitike.
• Matenda opatsirana ndi ma virus. Matenda a matenda oopsa a virus amabweretsa kusintha kwa kapamba, izi zimabweretsa kukula kwa matenda ashuga. Mwana akamakonda kudwala matenda ashuga, ndiye kuti matenda otere atatha 25%. Mu mwana wathanzi yemwe alibe chibadwa chamtsogolo, pambuyo pa matenda omwe atchulidwa pamwambawa, palibe chiopsezo chotenga matenda a shuga. Matendawa amayambika nthawi zambiri atadwala:
  • rubella
  • chikuku
  • matenda a chiwindi a chikhalidwe,
  • mumps.
• Zakudya zopanda pake. Kunenepa kwambiri komanso kunenepa kwambiri ndizofunikira zoyambitsa matenda a shuga kwa mwana wazaka ziwiri kapena kuposa. Pankhaniyi, matenda amtundu wa 2 amakula. Ngati kulemera kwambiri kwa thupi kumakhala kwabwinoko kuposa 50%, ndikutheka kwa 65%, mwana akhoza kudwala.

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Zizindikiro za matenda

Matendawa amatha kuganiziridwa ndi ludzu lochulukirapo mwa mwana.

Zizindikiro za matenda ashuga mwa ana zimatchulidwa, chifukwa chake makolo azitha kuzindikira matendawa ndikumvetsetsa zomwe mwana wawo akuda nazo nkhawa. Zizindikiro zoyambirira za shuga mwa ana zimasiyana malinga ndi mtundu wa matenda. Matenda a shuga omwe amadalira insulin amadziwika ndi izi:

• kulakalaka
• kufuna kumwa nthawi zambiri,
• kukodza pafupipafupi,
• Kuchepetsa thupi ngakhale mutalakalaka kudya.

Njira ya matenda osokoneza bongo omwe ali ndi mawonekedwe a insulini odziyimira payokha imawonekera motere:

• kuwonongeka kwa thanzi labwino - kufooka, kugona, kutopa,
• kuwonongeka kwamawonekedwe
• kapangidwe kake pakhungu la zilonda ndi mabala osachiritsa kwa nthawi yayitali,
• ludzu ndi kamwa yowuma
• kuyabwa kwa khungu.

Mwana wakhanda wosakwanitsa chaka chimodzi, matendawa samachitika kawirikawiri, kuti adziwe kuti zotsatirazi zikuthandizani ndi zopanda pake china chake cholakwika:

• Mwanayo amakhala wodwala, wosakhazikika, osagona bwino,
• tulo tosokosera, kutsegula m'mimba,
• chotupa cha pakhungu chimawoneka pakhungu losatha,
• maliseche ayaka,
• mkodzo umakhala ndimatenda okhuthala komanso omata, umanunkhira moyipa.

Mwa ana a chaka choyamba cha moyo, shuga wokwanira amatha kukayikiridwa ndi zinthu zina.

Mitundu ya shuga komanso yodalirika ya shuga mwa ana popanda kulandira chithandizo choyenera imabweretsa zotsatira zoyipa. Ndikofunika kudziwa zizindikiro za matenda ashuga mwa ana munthawi yake, osadikirira kuti chipatalachi chisachoke chokha ndikupita kuchipatala kukaonana ndi dokotala. Tanthauzo la vuto poyambira gawo limawongolera zakukula kwa thanzi la mwana ndi kukula.

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Zotsatira zake

Mavuto owopsa a shuga kwa ana ndi kuwonongeka kwa mtima, impso, ndi ziwalo.

Popanda chithandizo chokwanira komanso kunyalanyaza malangizo a dokotala, mwana akhoza kukulira:

• hypoglycemic kapena hyperosmolar chikomokere,
• Mavuto azisamba
• Kukula kwamtsogolo
• mapangidwe a zilonda zam'mimba ndi zilonda pakhungu la miyendo ndi mapazi,
• kulephera kwa aimpso.

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Kuzindikira matenda a shuga kwa ana

Kuti adziwe, mwana ayenera kuyezetsa magazi.

Musanayambe kuchiritsa mwana, kuzindikira kwa matenda ashuga mwa ana kumachitika. Mlingo wa shuga wambiri wotsimikizika umayesedwa, ndipo ziyeso zofunika za shuga zimaperekedwanso. Mchitidwe wamagulu a shuga mwa munthu wathanzi suyenera kupitirira 5.5 mmol, ndipo ngati chidziwitso cha mwana chikuposa 7.5 mmol, izi ndizoyambitsa nkhawa komanso mayeso owonjezera.

Kuti adziwe matenda ake, mwana adzatumizidwa kukayezetsa magazi. Pachifukwa ichi, magazi amatengedwa kuchokera kwa atsikana kapena anyamata kuchokera pachala, chikhalidwe chachikulu cha mayeserowo chimayesedwa pamimba yopanda kanthu. Chotsatira, muyenera kumwa glucose wotsitsidwa m'madzi, ndipo atatha maola awiri, wothandizira ma labotale adzatenganso magazi. Ngati mu 2 maola thupi sangathe kusintha glucose ndipo Zizindikiro zili pamlingo waukulu, matenda a shuga amapezeka. Kupatula kutupa kwa kapamba, kafukufuku wa ultrasound amachitika. Ngati ndi kotheka, dokotala amayesa ziwalo zina zamkati.

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Mtundu woyamba wa shuga

Popeza shuga mellitus mwa ana ndi amitundu iwiri omwe ali ndi zizindikiro zawo komanso maphunziridwe ake, motero, mankhwalawa azikhala osiyana. Matenda a shuga amtundu 1 amathandizidwa ndi mankhwala othandizira. Chifukwa chakuti kapamba samatulutsa timadzi tating'onoting'ono moyenera kapena kuti sanam'bisire konse, ndikofunikira kubwereza kuchuluka kwa insulini m'madzi a m'magazi. Ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti insulini imapangidwa mosiyanasiyana ndi thupi ndipo ikadyedwa ndi zakudya zosiyanasiyana, imapangidwa mosiyanasiyana. Izi zikuyenera kuyang'aniridwa kuteteza ana kuti asafe ndi njala pa nthawi ya kukula ndi kukula.

Actrapid ndi mankhwala obwezeretsa insulin.

Ngati kuchuluka kwa glucose kumatsika kwambiri ndipo chithandizo choyambirira sichiperekedwa, vuto la hypoglycemic limayamba, zomwe zimachitika mosayembekezereka. Chifukwa chake, kuwonjezera pa jakisoni wa insulin, ndikofunikira kuphunzitsa mwana ndi banja lonse kudya pafupipafupi komanso moyenera, kuti asafe ndi njala. Pakusintha kwa mankhwalawa, mankhwala monga Protofan ndi Actropid amagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino. Mankhwalawa amagulitsidwa m'njira ya cholembera, ndipo mwana amatha kuwagwiritsa ntchito.

Muzochitika zapamwamba, matenda a shuga a ana amathandizidwa ndi kupanikizika kwa kapamba. Komabe, pali zinthu zina zomwe makolo ayenera kuzidziwa. Kafukufuku akuwonetsa kuti odwala omwe adalowetsedwa kapamba amatopa impso, ndipo izi zimawerengedwa ngati vuto pambuyo pakuchita opaleshoni.Kufa kwa polyuria kumawonjezeka nthawi 2, komabe, ngati kupatsirana kumachitika m'magawo oyamba a matenda ashuga, mwayi wakuwonjezeka bwino kwachiritsidwe.

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Chithandizo cha matenda amtundu wa 2

Matenda a shuga a ana achichepere amathandizidwa ndi zakudya zapadera zomwe zimalepheretsa mahomoni kudumphadumpha kwambiri m'thupi. Pano, chithandizo chamankhwala cha insulin sichofunikira, chifukwa chindende chokha chimapanga timadzi timene timene timakula. Chakudyacho chimapatsa kuti asachotsere mndandanda wazakudya zosavuta - maswiti, chokoleti, ma muffins. Ndibwino kuyang'aniranso ndikuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa zakudya zopezeka ndi zakudya zamafuta. Kuti muchite izi, ndikofunikira kuyang'anira gawo la mkate. Gawo la mkate likuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa zomwe zili ndi 12 g ya chakudya chamafuta.

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Maulosi Akubwezeretsa

Ngakhale kuti shuga sichabwino kwambiri, kulosera kwa kukula kwabwino komanso chitukuko sikabwino. Musaiwale kuti ndizosatheka kuchira matenda ashuga amtundu woyamba. Koma mukakhala ndi moyo wathanzi, kutsatira zakudya, kuyang'anira kukula kwa mahomoni m'magazi ndikutsatira malangizo onse a dokotala, mwana wotere amakula osakula kuposa anzawo. Zotsatira zakupha zimatheka pokhapokha ngati mukudwala matenda ashuga kapena mwadzidzidzi.

Kodi zakudya zimakhudza bwanji shuga?

Kuti mukhale ndi moyo wabwinobwino, thupi la munthu limafunikira mphamvu nthawi zonse. Mphamvu zomwe ndizopeza ndizakudya za tsiku ndi tsiku zopatsa mphamvu.

Chakudya chilichonse chikatha, mafuta amthupi amalowa m'thupi, pomwe amasinthidwa kukhala shuga. Kenako, glucose amalowetsedwa m'maselo ndipo, ndikuphwanya, amatulutsa mphamvu. Hemuloni ya insulin, yomwe imapangidwa mu kapamba, imalowetsa mpweya waulere m'maselo.

Izi zimachitika mwa anthu athanzi. Mu matenda a endocrine, kulumikizana kwa insulin ndi ma cell receptors kumasokonezeka ndipo kuyamwa kwa glucose m'maselo ndikovuta. Izi zitha kuchitika chifukwa cha kukana insulini, pamene ma receptor amataya mphamvu yawo ya mahomoni ndipo munthu amakula mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga. Kapena kapamba amawonongeka ndikusiya kupanga insulini yokwanira, monga zimachitika ndi matenda a shuga 1.

Mulimonsemo, popanda kulowa m'maselo, glucose amayamba kudziunjikira kwambiri m'magazi, zomwe zimayambitsa zovuta zazikulu ndikuwopseza kwa hyperglycemia. Chifukwa chake, ndi mtundu uliwonse wa matenda ashuga, ndikofunikira kwambiri kudya bwino ndikudya zakudya zomwe zimachepetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi.

Mikhalidwe ya glycemic

Kuti musinthe zakudya zanu moyenera komanso kudziwa zakudya komanso kuchuluka kwa zakudya zomwe mungathe kudya, kuyang'anira kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kumachitika. Kwa miyezo ya tsiku ndi tsiku ya kuchuluka kwa glycemia, glucometer ndiwothandiza kwambiri - zida zowonjezera zomwe zimakupatsani mwayi kuti mupeze kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kunyumba.

M'magulu azachipatala, kuyezetsa magazi kumachitika mwa kutenga sampuli ya magazi kuchokera m'mitsempha kapena chala. Kusanthula koteroko kumachitika pamimba yopanda kanthu, koma pofuna kuzindikira, maphunziro awiri nthawi zambiri amachitika, atatha kudya maola 8 ndi ola limodzi mutatha kudya.

Chiyero chovomerezeka cha zizindikiro chimasiyana malinga ndi zaka:

• ana osakwana zaka 15 - kuyambira 2.3 mpaka 5.7 mmol / l,
• achikulire kuyambira wazaka 15 mpaka 60 - kuyambira 5.7 mpaka 6 mmol / l,
• atakwanitsa zaka 60, kuyambira 4.5 mpaka 6.7 mmol / l.

Ngati shuga amakwezedwa, kuphatikiza pa upangiri wa zamankhwala, muyenera kusintha zakudya zanu ndikuwonjezera zakudya zomwe zimachepetsa shuga.

Zopatsa Pang'onopang'ono

Zakudya zomanga thupi zomwe zimalowa m'thupi kudzera mu chakudya ndizosiyana pamlingo wawo wosweka.Zakudya zamagulu ena, zomwe zimatchedwa zothamanga, zimaphwanya ndikusintha kukhala shuga mwachangu kwambiri.

Zakudya zokhala ndi chakudya choterechi chimawonedwa kuti chili ndi GI yayikulu (glycemic index). Ngati mumadya chakudya choterocho, shuga m'magazi amawonjezeka kwambiri.

Zogulitsa ngati izi zimaphatikizapo zomwe zimakhala ndi GI yoposa 50: pasitala, maswiti, ufa, zakumwa zoledzeretsa, zakudya zamafuta, chokoleti, zipatso zotsekemera. Zakudya zoterezi zimayenera kusiyidwa kwathunthu.

Zipatso za citrus, nyama zopanda pake, zinthu zonse zophika tirigu, vinyo wouma, kiwi ndi maapulo zimatha kuloledwa nthawi ndi nthawi. Pazinthu izi, GI yapakati simapitilira 50, motero sikofunikira kusiya zonse mbale zotere.

Kutsindika za zakudya za thanzi kumachitika bwino kwambiri pazakudya zomanga thupi zovuta zomwe zimakhutitsa ndikuwulutsa shuga kwa nthawi yayitali. Izi ndi zinthu zomwe zimakhala ndi GI yotsika, osapitirira 40. Izi ndi monga sitiroberi, kabichi, nandolo, nkhaka, nyemba, zukini, mkaka wotsika wamafuta, nsomba ndi nyama, burwheat ndi mpunga wamafuta. Mwa zinthu izi, zomwe zimakupatsani mwayi wochepetsera kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, menyu akuluakulu a odwala matenda a shuga ayenera kuwonjezeredwa.

Mndandanda wazinthu zomwe zili ndi ma GI osiyanasiyana:

Zakudya monga chimanga, mkaka, ufa

Zakumwa ndi zinthu zina

chinanazi65zikondamoyo za tirigu70mtedza25 apurikoti25zoyera50biringanya caviar45 lalanje40tchizi tchizi—kupanikizana75 chivwende70bagel105vinyo wowuma45 nthochi65mpukutu wa batala90vinyo wofiira wouma45 lingonberry27dumplings ndi kanyumba tchizi63koloko75 broccoli15nsabwe ndi mbatata65walnuts20 mabulosi amatuluka20hamburger105ng'ombe yokazinga55 chitumbuwa25waffles85mpiru38 mphesa45croutons wokazinga95bowa wamchere15 chipatso cha mphesa25phala la buckwheat pamadzi53gin ndi tonic— makangaza30dzira yolk55mchere wotsekemera35 peyala35yogurt ya zipatso55zoumba70 vwende55yogati yachilengedwe 1.5%30squash caviar70 mabulosi akutchire20zukini wokazinga70shuga wopanda cocoa45 zipatso zamtchire20kefir wotsika mafuta28caramel85 nandolo zobiriwira45chimanga80tchipisi mbatata90 nkhuyu30pasitala yapamwamba83kvass35 kabichi watsopano15pasitala wolimba55ketchup20 kabichi wodala20wholemeal pasitala40CHIKWANGWANI35 sauerkraut20semolina phala mu mkaka68soseji yophika35 mbatata yophika60mkaka wachilengedwe35zipatso compote65 mbatata yokazinga98skim mkaka30cognac— mbatata zosenda90mkaka wa soya35nyama zodulira nkhumba55 kiwi55wokometsedwa mkaka85nsomba zodula55 sitiroberi35margarine53nkhanu45 cranberries43ayisikilimu73khofi wachilengedwe50 kokonati40muesli85pansi khofi40 jamu45oatmeal pamadzi60ma apricots owuma35 chimanga chophika75oatmeal mkaka65chakumwa35 anyezi15oatmeal45mayonesi65 leek20chinangwa50marmalade35 mandimu25omelet50azitona akuda20 ma tangerine45nsabwe65ma almond27 rasipiberi35Phala la barele pamadzi25wokondedwa95 mango50wosaka85nyanja kale25 kaloti35keke, keke, makeke105maolivi obiriwira20 nyanja35mkate wokazinga ndi kupanikizana90mafuta a azitona— nkhaka23mkate wowotcha ndi dzira ndi anyezi90mowa115 tsabola wokoma15pitsa tchizi65zipatso83 pichesi35mapira phala pamadzi75mafuta a masamba— parsley7phala la mpunga pamadzi70nsomba zazinkhanira zophika7 tomato15phala la mpunga mkaka80mafuta a nkhumba— radishi17mpunga wosaphika wosaphika60shuga73 chakudya chamasamba60kirimu 10%35dzungu nthanga23 tsamba letesi12batala55mpendadzuwa10 beets yophika65wowawasa zonona 20%55madzi a lalanje43 plums25soya17chinanazi48 chovala chakuda20obera75msuzi wa mphesa50 red currant33tchizi tchizi55msuzi wa phwetekere20 dzungu lopaka80tofu tchizi17msuzi wa apulosi43 katsabola17tchizi tchizi55msuzi wa soya nyemba zophika45kanyumba tchizi tchizi75masoseji30 Persimmon52tchizi cholimba—pistachios20 wokoma chitumbuwa30kanyumba tchizi 9%32ma hazelnuts20 kolifulawa yokazinga40tchizi wopanda mafuta32champagne youma43 kolifulawa yophika20curd misa50chokoleti cha mkaka75 mabuluni45halva75chokoleti chowawa25 adyo32Mkate wa Borodino43bala la chokoleti75 prunes23buledi wa tirigu135shawarma mu mkate wa pita75 mphodza zophika28mkate wa tirigu70 sipinachi13buledi wathunthu43 maapulo32galu wotentha95

Mfundo zachikhalidwe

Mfundo za zakudya zoyenera, chifukwa chomwe mungachepetse chizindikirocho komanso kupewa kuchulukitsa kwamisempha yamagazi, ziyenera kuonedwa ndi anthu odwala matenda ashuga amtundu uliwonse pamoyo:

1. Idyani nthawi zambiri, koma zochepa. Gawani zakudya zopatsa mphamvu za tsiku ndi tsiku muzakudya zingapo, ndikofunikira kuti zikhale zochepa 5. Zakudya zomwe zili pakati pa chakudya, komanso zomwe zingapatsidwe pakokha, ziyenera kukhala zazing'ono.
2. Tsatirani ku lamulo - zakudya zambiri zokhala ndi GI yotsika ndikupatula mbale zokhala ndi index yayikulu ya glycemic. Zogulitsa zomwe zimakhala ndi 40 mpaka 50 zimatha kudyedwa kawiri pa sabata.
3. Ganizirani zokonda pa mphodza, zakudya zathanzi kapena zosaphika (masamba, zitsamba ndi zipatso). Nthawi zina mumatha kuphika, koma kuphika mafuta kumaletsedwa.
4. Pophika, gwiritsani ntchito rye kapena ufa wonse wa tirigu ndi zotsekemera.
5. Pewani njala, komanso musamadye kwambiri. Chakudya chomaliza chiyenera kukhala maola awiri asanagone.
6. Tsiku lililonse, kumwa 1.5-2 malita a madzi oyera.
7. Pangani glucose wamagazi musanadye ndi ola limodzi mutatha kudya. Lembani zodzikongoletsera mu kope.

Muzikhala ndi moyo wakhama, mosaganizira zaka. Masewera olimbitsa thupi, kuyenda, yoga kapena kusambira kuyenera kukhala tsiku lililonse.

Kodi kudya ndi matenda a shuga 1?

Anthu odwala matenda amtundu wa 1 amakakamizika kupangiratu jakisoni wa insulin. Mtundu woyamba wa shuga, kapamba amaphulika ndikuleka kutulutsa mahomoni.

Mlingo wa jakisoni umatengera kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi ndi kuchuluka kwa chakudya chambiri chamafuta. Kuti muwerengere molondola, muyenera kusunga zolemba zam'mafuta zomwe zimadyedwa komanso zizindikiro za glucose musanayambe kudya. Zakudya zamafuta zochepa zomwe zimalowa m'thupi, zimachepetsa mphamvu ya mahomoni.

Mndandanda wazinthu zoletsedwa:

• kusuta, mchere ndi mchere wambiri
• pasitala ndi masoseji,
• muffin, mkate wa tirigu, shuga ndi zakudya zotsekemera,
• nsomba zamafuta ndi nyama,
• masamba okhuthala ndi zipatso zokoma,
• mafuta msuzi, khofi ndi koloko.

Otsatirawa akuyenera kuwonekera patebulo:

• skim mkaka ndi mkaka wowawasa
• buledi wopanda tirigu, osaposa magawo awiri patsiku,
• masamba ophika, ophika ndi ophika, zitsamba ndi mapere osatulutsa, maapulo,
• nsomba zamafuta ochepa, bere la nkhuku ndi nyama yopanda mafuta,
• nguluwe, mpunga
• zipatso zimaphatikizira ndi zakudya zake popanda kukoma.

Kuthana ndi zakudya zoterezi kumathandiza kuthana ndi matendawa komanso kukhala ndi thanzi labwino.

Zakudya za matenda a shuga a 2

Odwala omwe ali ndi matenda amtundu wa 2 saikidwa jakisoni wa insulin. Homoni amapangidwa mwachilengedwe m'thupi, koma sangakhudze ma cell, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mayamwidwe a glucose akhale osavuta. Odwala oterewa amalimbikitsidwa kumwa mankhwala omwe amachepetsa shuga ndikuwonjezera chidwi cha maselo kuti apange insulin.

Popeza kusokonezeka kwa endocrine kumachitika kawirikawiri chifukwa cha kunenepa kwambiri, ndikofunikira kuti odwala matenda ashuga a 2 asamachepetse thupi ndikusunga kuchuluka kwa glucose kudzera pakudya. Pankhaniyi, zakudya zamagulu azakudya siziyenera kukhala zopatsa mphamvu zambiri, koma odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a 2 sayenera kukhala chakudya chamagulu.

Ayenera kupatula zakudya zomwe zili ndi index yayikulu ya glycemic, ndiko kuti, kusiya zakudya zotsekemera zamafuta ndi soseji, shuga ndi kuphika batala, ndikupereka zokonda zamasamba atsopano komanso otentha, okhala ndi michere yambiri, mkaka wopanda mafuta, nyama yopanda mafuta komanso nsomba. Njira yovomerezeka pamachiritso imakhala yolimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse komanso kukana zizolowezi zoipa.

Zoyenera kuchita kuti muchepetse shuga

Kuwongolera mphamvu ya shuga kuyenera kuchitika kokha ndi wodziwa ntchito wa endocrinologist. Kudzichitira nokha mankhwala ndikosavomerezeka ndipo kungayambitsevulaza.

Mankhwalawa amayikidwa payekha, kutengera zomwe zikuwonjezera kapena kuchepa kwa shuga m'magazi.

Ndi matenda 1 a shuga, mumakhala zakudya zapadera, mtundu wa insulini komanso zochita zolimbitsa thupi.

Werengani pa: Momwe mungachepetse shuga m'magazi kunyumba mwachangu komanso moyenera tsiku limodzi

Patsani thanzi lanu akatswiri! Pangana ndi dokotala wabwino kwambiri mumzinda wanu pompano!

Dokotala wabwino ndi katswiri wamba yemwe, potengera zomwe mukuwona, azidziwitse matenda anu ndikukupatsani chithandizo chamankhwala. Patsamba lathu mutha kusankha dokotala kuzipatala zabwino kwambiri ku Moscow, St.

Lowani kwa dotolo tsopano!

Kuchepetsa Mimba

Amayi oyembekezera amapita kukayezetsa magazi nthawi yayitali yonse. Phunziroli ndi njira yothandizira kupewa komanso kupezeka kwa nthawi yayitali azimayi apakati.

Pakadali pano, kusintha kwa mahomoni kumachitika m'thupi la mayi mtsogolomo ndipo kupanga kwa progesterone kumawonjezeka, chifukwa chomwe glucose m'magazi imatha kuchuluka.

Mulingo wovomerezeka wa shuga mwa azimayi oyembekezera simaposa 5.7 mmol / l. Kuchuluka kwa shuga pamtunda wa 7 mmol / L kumawonetsa mwayi wa matenda ashuga.

Izi nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi zotsatirazi:

• pakamwa lowuma ndi ludzu,
• mavuto amawonedwe
• kufooka ndi kugona,
• onjezerani komanso mumakonda kukodza,
• Khungu.

Zizindikiro zotere, kuphatikiza shuga wambiri, zimafuna kuperekedwa kwa chithandizo choyenera kupewa zovuta.

Chithandizo chachikulu cha matenda a shuga gestational ndikutsatira zakudya.

Malangizo otere nthawi zambiri amaperekedwa:

• kusiyanitsidwa ndi zakudya zamaswiti, shuga ndi zipatso zabwino,
• kuchepetsa mbatata ndi masamba okhuthala,
• kukana ma muffins ndi mbale zomwe zimakhala ndi mafuta ambiri, mchere ndi zonunkhira,
• osaloleza kuchepa kwamphamvu kwamakolo a calorie, komanso osadya kwambiri,
• Imwani madzi ambiri abwino ndi tiyi wazitsamba,
• musadere nkhawa pang'ono komanso kupumula
• kuwonjezera zolimbitsa thupi - patsani nthawi yoyenda, kusambira, masewera olimbitsa thupi,
• Nthawi ndi nthawi muzifufuza magazi ndi glucometer.

Nthawi zambiri, kudya komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kumakupatsani mwayi wokhala ndi shuga pamlingo wovomerezeka, osangotengera mankhwala komanso jakisoni wa insulin. Pambuyo pobala, kuchuluka kwa glucose nthawi zambiri kumabweranso kwachilendo, koma zimachitika kuti gestational shuga mellitus imasanduka shuga wokhazikika ndipo amafunikira chithandizo cha moyo wonse.

Makanema pazakudya zam'mayi azimayi apakati:

Mwazi wamagazi mwa ana

Ana sakonda kukhala ndi matenda ashuga kuposa achikulire. Komabe, ndikofunikira kuyang'ana mwadongosolo ngati shuga ya magazi ndiyabwino kwa ana.

Kukula msanga kwa matenda ashuga ndi chimodzi mwazinthu za ubwana. Kuyesedwa kwa magazi kumatha kuzindikira matenda a hyperglycemia koyambirira kwa matenda ashuga komanso kupewa matenda.

Chifukwa chiyani perekani magazi kwa shuga

Kufunika koteteza shuga kumachitika chifukwa chakukula kwa matenda ashuga. Mwa ana, matenda ashuga amatha kuchitika kwa nthawi yayitali, kumadziwonetsa panokha pa nthawi yomwe amakula kwambiri komanso atakula.

Kuyang'ana kwambiri zakudya za mwana, kayendetsedwe kazinthu zolimbitsa thupi ziyenera kuperekedwa panthawi yomwe mwana akukula. Pakadali pano, pali chiwopsezo pakupanga mahomoni okula, omwe angayambitse kuchuluka kwa glucose.

Tumphuka wotchuka kwambiri umawonedwa zaka 4, 7 ndi 11 zaka. Kuwonjezeka kwakukulu kwa kulemera kwa thupi kumapangitsa kuti kapamba aziwonjezera kupanga kwa insulin kuti akwaniritse zosowa zam'magazi.

Zolemba za shuga kwa ana

Mu ana mu 90% ya milandu pomwe chizolowezi chimaposa, mukamayesa mayeso a shuga, odwala matenda a insulin amadwala 1.Matendawa amadziwika ndi insulin yopanga thupi.

Posachedwa, achinyamata omwe amadalira shuga osadalira insulin 2 amapezeka pafupipafupi ndi achinyamata, omwe amakulitsa omwe amathandizidwa ndi kunenepa kwambiri komanso kusayenda. Mu matenda a shuga 2, insulin imapangidwa, koma zochuluka zomwe sizokwanira kutsimikizira kuti shuga amaperekedwa ku maselo onse amthupi.

Mkhalidwe wowoneka bwino wa matenda ashuga 2 mu njira ya asymptomatic koyambirira koyambirira. Matendawa 2 amapezeka mwa ana nthawi zambiri ali ndi zaka 10.

Amadziwika ndi kuphatikiza kunenepa kwambiri, matenda oopsa, komanso kuchuluka kwambiri kwa chisonyezo cha kutupa m'magazi, omwe ndi mulingo wa C - protein yogwira.

Kutengera ndi zotsatira za kusanthula, kumangofika pomaliza ponena za kuopsa kokhala ndi matenda ashuga komanso kuyesedwa kowonjezereka ngati kuli koyenera.

Nthawi yoyamba kumene khanda limayesedwa shuga akangobadwa. Ngati kusanthula sikupitilira zomwe zimachitika, ndipo kulemera kwa mwana kumakhala kochepera 4.1 makilogalamu, ndiye kuti kuchuluka kwa shuga kumayesedwanso pakatha chaka chimodzi.

Pambuyo pake, mwa ana omwe ali ndi shuga wathanzi komanso popanda cholowa chamtundu wa shuga, kuyezetsa shuga kumayikidwa zaka zitatu zilizonse.

Ndi mwana wakhanda wolemera makilogalamu 4.1, chiopsezo cha matenda a shuga chiwonjezereka, ndipo adokotala amatha kukupatsani mayeso owonjezera a kuchuluka kwa shuga.

Momwe mungakonzekerere kusanthula

Njira ya magazi yoyeserera imatengedwa kuchokera m'mitsempha kapena chala kumimba yopanda kanthu m'mawa. Mwanayo sayenera kudya maola 8 asanakayeze.

Sayenera kutsuka mano kapena kumwa tiyi musanayesedwe. Amangolola kugwiritsa ntchito madzi ochepa oyeretsa.

Simungagwiritse ntchito chingamu, khalani amanjenje kapena musunthire mwachangu musanayambe phunzirolo.

Kusamalitsa kofananako ndikofunikira kuti tipeze zotsatira zosasinthidwa.

Miyezo ya shuga

Kuthamanga kwa shuga sikudalira kwenikweni msinkhu ndi msambo wa mwana. Glucose ndiye mafuta ochulukitsa muubongo, ndipo chiwalochi chimakula kwambiri paubwana.

mu shuga wamagazi, kuyambira ndi zotsatira zoyeserera kuchokera kwa mwana wazaka chimodzi kupita kwa mwana wazaka zapakati pa 5-6, pafupifupi zimagwirizana ndi chikhalidwe chachikulu cha 3.3-5,5 mmol / L.

Kusiyana kwazowoneka bwino mu labotale osiyanasiyana kungakhale chifukwa cha mtundu wa mayeso omwe agwiritsidwa ntchito. Ziwerengero zamatchulidwe azomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito zimatha kusiyanasiyana kutengera magazi athunthu, plasma, seramu yamagazi idagwiritsidwa ntchito pakuwunika.

Patsamba "Mkulu wa glucose ochokera m'mitsempha" mutha kuwerenga nkhani yokhudza kusiyana uku pazotsatira za kusanthula.

Mndandanda wa miyambo yosala kudya kwa shuga mu magazi athunthu a ana

M'badwo	Zofunika, mmol / L
oyang'anira magazi amtundu wa umbilical chingwe	2,4 – 5,3
makanda asanakwane	1.2 – 3,3
chatsopano	2.2 – 3.3
Mwezi 1	2.7 mpaka 4.4
kuyambira mwezi mpaka 1 g.	2,6 – 4,7
kuyambira chaka chimodzi mpaka zaka 6	kuyambira 3.0 - 5.1
kuyambira wazaka 6 mpaka 18	kuchokera 3,3 - 5.5
akuluakulu	kuyambira 3,3 mpaka 5.5

Ngati Zizindikiro zoyesa zitha kupitilira muyeso, kufikira 5.6 - 6.9 mmol / l, izi zikuwonetsa prediabetes. Pamene zotsatira za mayeso osala kudya ndizapamwamba kuposa 7 mmol / L, shuga imalimbikitsa.

M'magawo onse awiriwa, maphunziro owonjezera amalembedwa, pambuyo pake shuga amaloledwa kapena kutsimikiziridwa.

Mwana wazaka 6-7 ali ndi shuga wamagazi a 6.1 mmol / L, omwe ndi apamwamba kuposa abwinobwino pamimba yopanda kanthu, ndiye kuti amamuyika mayeso achiwiri. Kuwonjezera kwadzidzidzi kwazomwe zimachitika mwina chifukwa chakukonzekera molakwika kusanthula, mankhwala kapena matenda otupa.

Pamwamba pa zikhalidwe, shuga zomwe zimapezeka poyesa magazi mwa ana osakwana zaka 5 zitha chifukwa cha matenda opatsirana ndi helminths. Vutoli limafotokozeredwa ndi mfundo yoti pamaso pa majeremusi, kagayidwe kake m'thupi kamatha kusintha.

Ngati mwana wazaka zitatu ali m'mimba yopanda magazi mayeso a shuga amapezeka opitilira muyeso, ndipo zizindikiro zake ndizoposa 5.6 mmol / l, ndiye kuti mayeso amafunika:

• pa glycated hemoglobin,
• kupezeka kwa tiziromboti mthupi.

Mwa ana a zaka 10 mpaka 11, kupitilira muyeso wamagulu a shuga omwe awonetsedwa patebulopo amatanthauza kukulira kwa shuga 2.Inde, ndizosatheka kuzindikira matenda nthawi yomweyo pogwiritsa ntchito kuwunika pamimba yopanda kanthu.

Ndikofunikira kukhazikitsa shuga yemwe amayesa magazi kuti athe kulolera glucose, kuchuluka kwake momwe amapitilira muyeso, musanazindikire matenda a prediabetes kapena matenda a shuga kwa mwana.

Kusanthula khanda

Ndikovuta kwambiri kupereka chidziwitso pamimba yopanda kanthu kwa khanda. Osamadya kwa maola 8 kuti crumb imeneyi ikhale yosatheka.

Potere, kuwunika sikumachitika pamimba yopanda kanthu. Magazi amayendera mawola awiri atatha kudya.

Mukakhala mwa ana osakwana zaka 1, shuga m'magazi mukulumikizana koteroko sikupitilira 2 mayunitsi kuposa masiku, ndiye kuti makolo sayenera kuda nkhawa.

Mwachitsanzo, ngati mwana ali ndi 6.1 mmol / L kapena pang'ono atatha kudya, izi sizitanthauza kudwala.

Koma 6.1 mmol / L, wopezeka kwa mwana pamimba yopanda kanthu ndikukonzekera bwino kusanthula, akuwonetsa hyperglycemia ndi kuopsa kwa matenda ashuga.

Amazindikira matenda a shuga m'makhanda ngati zotsatira za kusanthula mawola 2 atatha kudya ndizoposa 11.1 mmol / L.

Potsimikizira matenda a shuga, mwana amapatsidwa mayeso a hemoglobin a glycated. Kuyeza kumeneku sikutanthauza kusala kudya kwa maola 8, koma magazi a venous amafunikira kuti ayesedwe.

Pozindikira matenda a shuga, komanso kudziwa kuchuluka kwa shuga, kuyezetsa magazi komwe amapezeka ndi C - protein yogwira kumachitika.

Zomwe Zimapangitsa Kuchulukana kwa glucose

Zotsatira zoyesedwa zimatha kusintha ngati tsiku loyambirira la mayeso mwana atachira:

• maantibayotiki
• okodzetsa
• vasoconstrictor othandizira
• corticosteroids
• mankhwala osapweteka a antiidal.

Kuwonjezeka kolakwika kwa zotsatira zoyeserera kumadziwika kuti mwana akudwala ndi SARS kapena nthenda yotupa.

Zomwe zimayambitsa shuga-zomwe zimayambitsa shuga zochulukirapo zimaphatikizapo matenda opatsirana omwe amakhudza kapamba. Izi zimaphatikizira matenda monga chikuku, chikho, hepatitis, ndi mumps.

Kuonjezera shuga kumachitika chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa kupanga kwa insulin mthupi. Zotsatira zazikulu zowunikira nthawi zina zimachitika chifukwa cha kusintha kwa mahomoni m'thupi, kuchuluka kwa mahomoni a adrenocorticotropic.

Kupanga kwa insulini kumachepetsedwa m'matenda:

Zifukwa zochepera shuga

Shuga wotsika samakhudzidwa ndimapangidwe a shuga. Zochepa kuposa shuga wamba zitha kuwonetsa zovuta izi:

• matenda otupa am'mimba,
• kuperewera kwa chakudya, njala,
• kusakwanira kwamadzi akumwa
• kuvulala kwaubongo
• poyizoni wa arsenic, chloroform,
• sarcoidosis
• kukula kwa insulinoma - chotupa cha adrenal chotupa chopanga insulin.

Ndizotheka kuganiza kuti kusintha kwa shuga m'magazi kumawonetsedwa ndi hyperglycemia kapena hypoglycemia, machitidwe a mwana. Popewa zochitika mwangozi kuti zisanduke matenda ashuga, makolo ayenera kudziwa zizindikiro za hyperglycemia.

Zizindikiro zakupeza matenda ashuga am'mbuyomu:

1. Wanjala, makamaka ngati udziwonekera usana ndi usiku
2. Kuchulukana mobwerezabwereza
3. Kuchulukitsa pokodza usiku, osayambitsidwa ndi matenda opatsirana a genitourinary system
4. Matenda a shuga pamasaya, chibwano, pamphumi, matope
5. Kuchulukitsa chilakolako
6. Zizindikiro za kuchepa thupi, kuwonetsedwa ndi khungu louma, mucous nembanemba
7. Kuchepetsa thupi kwa 5 - 10 makilogalamu wokhala ndi thanzi labwinobwino
8. Kuchulukitsa thukuta
9. Miyendo Yanjenjemera
10. Dzino lokoma

Awiri omwe amapezeka pafupipafupi ndi glucose m'magazi amatenga matenda am'mimba otayika komanso mafinya, kuyabwa pakhungu, kuchepa kwa mawonekedwe, komanso kunenepa kwambiri.

Zilonda za pakhungu la Purulent, maonekedwe a zithupsa, matenda a mucous membrane wamkamwa, ziwalo zakunja ndi mwayi wochezera endocrinologist.

Ngati mwa ana azaka 7 - 8 zakubadwa mawunikidwe ake posankha kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi apamwamba kuposa abwinobwino, ndiye ichi sichinthu chofunikira kuchita mantha.Chizindikirochi chitha kupitilizidwa chifukwa cha zolakwika za mita yomwe, maswiti odya ndi kuledzera dzulo lake.

Kulondola kwa mita kungakhale kokwanira kwambiri mpaka kufika 20%. Chipangizochi chimangolembedwa kuti chitha kuwongolera kusintha kwa zizindikiro mwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto lomwe lakhazikitsidwa kale.

Simuyenera kuonetsetsa nthawi zonse ndi glucometer kuti mwana ali ndi shuga wambiri m'magazi ake, monga pafupipafupi, kuyezedwa kuyenera kupezeka, chithandizo chamankhwala. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kupita ku endocrinologist ndikuyezetsa kuchipatala.

Ndi matenda osadziwika, chiwonetsero choyamba cha matenda a shuga chikhoza kukhala kuperewera kwa shuga chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa shuga. Mkhalidwe umayamba ndi mphamvu ya shuga yoposa 19.5 mmol / L.

Zizindikiro za matenda obwera ndi matenda ashuga obwera chifukwa cha hyperglycemia ndi awa:

1. Pa gawo loyamba la chikomokere - ulesi, nseru, ludzu, kukodza pafupipafupi, mawonekedwe a fungo la acetone kuchokera mthupi
2. Pa gawo lochita masewera olimbitsa thupi - kusokonezeka kwa chikumbumtima, kutsika kwa magazi, kusowa pokodza, kufooka kwa minofu, kupuma kwamiseche.
3. Mu gawo lalikulu la chikomokere - kusazindikira ndi kukodza, maonekedwe a edema, kusokonekera mtima ntchito

Zizindikiro za Glucose Otsika

Glucose m'munsimu wabwinobwino m'magazi amadziwika ndi zizindikiro mwa ana:

• chizungulire
• nkhawa
• kumverera kwa "nyama" yamphamvu yanjala,
• maonekedwe a tendon Reflex, pomwe, mwachitsanzo, poyankha tendon ya Achilles, phazi limayamba kugunda mosakhazikika.

Mu makanda, zizindikiro za kupatuka kwa glucose kuchokera ku chizolowezi zimatha kudzutsidwa modzidzimutsa, kulira.

Zizindikiro zina za hyperglycemia ndi hypoglycemia ndizofanana. Izi zikuphatikiza miyendo ndi kunjenjemera, thukuta.

Zizindikiro zodziwika bwino zopatukira shuga m'magazi kunthawi zonse zimaphatikizaponso kusazindikira. Koma ndi shuga wambiri, amatsogozedwa ndi zoletsa, komanso ndi shuga wochepetsedwa - chisangalalo cholimba.

Zithandizo za anthu

Mutha kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala othandizira komanso mankhwala ena azikhalidwe.

Izi zitha kukhala zothandiza kumayambiriro kwa matendawa kapena kuphatikiza ndi njira zochizira zotchulidwa ndi dokotala:

1. Njira yabwino yochepetsera kulemera ndikuwongolera kuchuluka kwa shuga ndi chisakanizo cha buckwheat ndi kefir. Usiku, supuni yaiwisi yosaphika yotsanulira imatsanuliridwa mu kapu ya kefir ndipo m'mawa mapangidwe onse amamwa. Phukusi lotere liyenera kukonzekera osachepera masiku 5.
2. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito mandimu. Iyenera kuchotsedwa mandimu akulu akulu 6 ndikuwonjezeredwa zamkati kuchokera ku 350 g ya cloves wa adyo komanso kuchuluka komweko kwa muzu wa parsley. Kusakaniza konseku kumayikidwa m'firiji kwa masiku 14, kenako ndikudya theka la ola musanadye kadzutsa, nkhomaliro ndi chakudya chamadzulo kwa 1 tsp.
3. Amadziwika kuti amachepetsa mphamvu ya shuga, dandelion wamba. Masamba omwe amatengedwa mchaka amathiridwa ndi madzi kwa mphindi 30, kenako amawonjezeredwa ku saladi ya amadyera ndi yolika yolk. Mutha kudzaza mavitamini osakaniza ndi kirimu wowonjezera wamafuta kapena mafuta a azitona.
4. Masamba a sitiroberi ang'ono ndi oyeneranso izi. Amatha kuyanika kapena kugwiritsidwa ntchito mwatsopano, kuwiritsa ndi madzi otentha ndipo pambuyo pa mphindi 15 kulowetsedwa, kumwa tsiku lonse lapansi ngati tiyi. Kumwa koteroko sikuti kumangochepetsa kuthamanga, komanso kuthandizira kuchotsa edema ndi mchenga mu impso.
5. Zomera zamtchire zimakhala ndi katundu wofanana. Masamba ake amapangidwa ngati sitiroberi ndipo chakumwa chimatha kutentha tsiku lonse.
6. Chosonkhanitsa chimapangidwa ndi magawo ofanana a masamba a nyemba, masamba a lingonberry, manyazi a chimanga ndi mahatchi. Chilichonse chimaphwanyidwa ndikuphatikizidwa. Supuni kusakaniza ndi kapu ya madzi owiritsa ndikuyimira kwa maola osachepera atatu. Imwani kapu yachitatu ya kapu ya kulowetsedwa m'mawa, masana ndi madzulo.

Izi maphikidwe onse ndi othandiza komanso amatha kuyang'anira mulingo wa glycemia, koma chithandizo chanyumba chikuyenera kuthana ndi mankhwala ndi zakudya, osachotsa.Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri kwa anthu odwala matenda ashuga amtundu 1, pomwe jakisoni wa insulin sayenera kuphonya.

Njira zina zochepa zochepetsera shuga:

Ndi matenda a shuga a mtundu 2, kugogomezera kwakukulu pa chithandizo cha mankhwalawa ndi zakudya zamagulu ochepa komanso shuga yochepa, komanso kupangira mankhwala ndi zosakaniza kungakhale njira yothandizira komanso yothandizira.

Matenda a endocrine system amasintha kwambiri moyo wamasiku onse. Mbali yayikulu ya matenda oterewa imakhudza thupi lonse. Chovuta kwambiri ndikukhazikitsanso kachitidwe konse mu nthawi ya kutha. Pazifukwa izi, matenda a shuga a achinyamata amatengedwa ngati njira imodzi yovuta kwambiri kwa matenda ashuga.

Zizindikiro za matenda a shuga kwa achinyamata

Nthawi zambiri, matenda ashuga mu achinyamata amapezeka ali patsogolo kwambiri, pomwe chitetezo cha thupi chimatha. Zotsatira zakuzengereza ndizachisoni kwambiri: matendawo amapeza maphunziro olembetsa, ndipo sangawalipire. Njira yokhayo yopewa zovuta zotere ndikuwunika thanzi lanu mosamala, kukakumana ndi mayeso a zamankhwala pafupipafupi, ndipo musamachite manyazi kukambirana ndi makolo anu za mavuto ndi thupi lanu.

Zizindikiro zoyambirira za matendawa zimadziwonetsa kale asanawonekere chithunzi chenicheni cha matenda. Ndi pa iwo kuti muyenera kuyang'anira mwatcheru kuti mupeze malangizo apanthawi yake kuchokera kwa endocrinologist.

• Udzu wokhazikika. Mwanayo amafuna kumwa ngakhale usiku.
• Kuukira kwa njala, kutsatiridwa ndi chidwi chokwanira ndi chakudya.
• Maulendo opita kuchimbudzi ayenera kuchenjeza maulendo onse achimbudzi usiku.
• Kufooka, ulesi, kuchepa kwa sukulu, kugona.
• Kusintha kwa malingaliro.
• Kuchepetsa thupi, kunenepa kwambiri kwa achinyamata

Chisamaliro makamaka chiyenera kuperekedwa kwa ana omwe ali pachiwopsezo cha matenda a glycemic. Kwa iwo, kuyesedwa kwa shuga kwa magazi kwapachaka kuyenera kukhala kovomerezeka, ndipo ngati pali zizindikiro zowopsa, chisamaliro chamankhwala mwachangu.

• Achinyamata ochokera ku banja lomwe lili ndi ana omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga.
• Ana omwe ali ndi cholowa chambiri cha endocrine pathologies.
• Ana omwe adabadwa wolemera kuposa makilogalamu 4.5 kapena omwe amayi awo adadwala matenda ashuga.
• Nthawi zambiri ana asukulu odwala.
• Ana asukulu akulu onenepa kwambiri.
• Ana omwe amadwala matenda osokoneza bongo a neonatal.

Kuchiza matenda achinyamata

Nthawi zambiri amadwala koyamba ali ndi zaka 11-12. Atsikana amayamba kudwala pang'ono koyambirira (zaka zapakati pa 10), anyamata amadwala azaka 13 mpaka 14. Matendawa pawokha amuna, nthawi zambiri, ndiosavuta kuposa atsikana. Komanso, mwachikhalidwe anyamata amalipira msanga. Njira zakuzindikira sizili zosiyana ndi zomwe zimachitika mwa akulu. Kuthamanga shuga kumawonedwa ngati kovuta, kupitilira muyeso wa 3.3-5,5 mmol wa capillary material ndi 5.9 mmol kwa plasma. Muzochitika zokayikitsa, miyezo yokhazikika ya glucose imatengedwa masana, komanso kuyesedwa kwa labotale yokhala ndi shuga.

Achinyamata ambiri odwala matenda ashuga amalandila matenda a shuga 1, omwe masiku ano akuti ndi osachiritsika. Njira zokhazo zakulipirira ana oterowo ndikokwanira insulin. Ndi chithandizo chakanthawi, amakhalabe athanzi, amaphunzira bwino kusukulu. Mtundu wowopsa wa matendawa umakhudza kwambiri moyo, ndipo ungayambitse kulumala koyambirira. Pachifukwachi, ntchito yayikulu ya odwala ndi asing'anga iwowo ndi yothandizanso kuthamanga kwa glycemia.

Anthu omwe ali ndi kunenepa kwambiri kutha msinkhu amakhala pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga matenda ashuga. Pankhaniyi, nthawi zambiri kulipidwa kumatheka ngakhale mutakhala ndi zakudya komanso masewera olimbitsa thupi, koma insulin imayikidwa pafupifupi kwa odwala onse pakapita nthawi. Nthawi zina kuletsa kunenepa kwambiri kumapangitsa kuti chikhululukiro chilimbikire, kukumbukira kwamachiritso athunthu a matendawa. Chachikulu pano ndikuletsa kupsinjika ndi kuyambiranso kuwopseza.

Kudyetsa chakudya ndikofunikira kwa matenda ashuga.Kwa achinyamata, zakudya zoyenera kuperekedwa kwa odwala akuluakulu ndizoyenera. Zakudya za anthu odwala matenda ashuga zimapereka mwayi wowongolera matendawa pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ocheperako. Ndikofunika kwambiri kulabadira kuthandizira odwala onse omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a 2.

Kupewa zovuta zamatenda a shuga kumakupatsani mwayi wokhala ndi moyo wachimwemwe, wosiyana kwambiri ndi moyo wamunthu wathanzi. Ndikofunika kugwiritsa ntchito mwayi wonse wopuma, kutsatira mosamalitsa zomwe adokotala amapeza, gwiritsani ntchito njira zina zamankhwala osokoneza bongo zomwe zimayikidwa ndi endocrinologist kokha kuphatikiza pa chithandizo chachikulu.

Kumbukirani, njira zilizonse zochizira endocrine pathologies zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito mutakambirana ndi dokotala!

Kufunika kwa shuga m'magazi mwa ana, amawona ngati abwinobwino

Masiku ano, pali chizolowezi “chobwezeretsanso” matenda ambiri, omwe amayambitsa nkhawa yayikulu pakati pa ana. Chifukwa chake, amalimbikitsa makolo kuti abweretse ana awo kuchipatala panthawi yoyesa ndi mayeso onse ofunikira. Ndipo osati malo omaliza pa mndandanda wa ntchito izi amakhala ndi kuwunika kuti mupeze kuchuluka kwa shuga m'mwazi wa mwana.

Malinga ndi zotsatira za kafukufukuyu, titha kumvetsetsa ngati pali chizolowezi chopanga matenda a shuga kapena ayi. Kodi ndichifukwa chiyani kuli kofunikira kudziwa phindu la chizindikiro ichi? Monga mukudziwa, gwero lalikulu lamphamvu mthupi ndi glucose. Amadyetsedwa ndi minyewa yaubongo, imatenga nawo mbali machitidwe a metabolism ndi kapangidwe ka polysaccharides, omwe ali gawo la tsitsi, ma ligaments ndi cartilage. Ngati kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kumachepera kwambiri pazomwe zimachitika, matenda ashuga amatha - matenda owopsa omwe angayambitse kusagwira bwino kwa ziwalo zonse ndi machitidwe mthupi la mwana.

Ndani ali pachiwopsezo

Nthawi zambiri, matendawa amapezeka mwa ana omwe adwala ma virus. Potengera kuti glucose wamagazi mwa mwana ndi pafupifupi 10 mmol / l kapena kuposa, muyenera kufunsa katswiri mwachangu. Makolo a ana ayenera kudziwa kuti shuga ikhoza kubadwa.

Choyambitsa chibadwa nthawi zina chimawonetsedwa ndi zotupa zazikulu zamkati ndi zida zake zamkati. Ngati makolo onsewo adapezeka kuti ali ndi matenda a shuga, ndiye kuti mwina matendawa 30% amatenga mwana wawo, pomwe m'modzi mwa makolo ndi omwe amakhudzidwa, mwanayo adzapezidwanso chimodzimodzi.

Matenda akapezeka m'modzi mwa mapasa awiriwo, mwana wathanzi amakhalanso pachiwopsezo. Ndi matenda a mtundu woyamba 1, mwana wachiwiri amadwala mu 50% ya odwala, omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a 2, mwayi wopewera matendawa ndi wofanana ndi 0, makamaka ngati mwana wonenepa kwambiri.

Machitidwe a shuga m'magazi mwa mwana

Thupi la ana aang'ono limakonda kuthana ndi shuga m'magazi. Nthawi zambiri, chizindikirochi mu makanda ndi ana oyambira masukulu amatha kukhala otsika kuposa akuluakulu. Chifukwa chake, kusanthula kumeneku kungathe kuwonetsa izi: mu makanda - 2.78-4.4 mmol / l, mwa ana a zaka 2-6 - 3.3-5 mmol / l, mu ana a sukulu - 3,3-5,5 mmol / l

Kuti mupeze zambiri zolondola, kuyezetsa kuyenera kuchitidwa pamimba yopanda kanthu. Ngati pamimba yopanda kanthu chizindikirocho chimadutsa 6.1 mmol / l, ndiye kuti titha kulankhula za hyperglycemia - kuwonjezeka kwa shuga m'magazi mwa mwana. Kuwerenga m'munsimu 2,5 mmol / L kungasonyeze hypoglycemia.

Ngati mwana wapereka magazi pamimba yopanda kanthu ndipo mayesowo akuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga pamlingo wa 5.5-6.1 mmol / l, funso limakhala loyesa mayeso okhudzana ndi glucose pakamwa. Chizindikiro ichi mu ana ndichambiri kwambiri kuposa achikulire. Chifukwa chake, mwachizolowezi shuga m'magawo awiri pambuyo poti magalimoto a shuga atha kuchepetsedwa.

Nthawi yomwe mwana ali ndi m'mimba yopanda shuga yokhala ndi shuga wa 5.5 mmol / L kapena kuposa, ndipo maola 2 atatha kuthira shuga amaposa mtengo wa 7.7 mmol / L, mwanayo amapezeka ndi matenda a shuga.

Kodi ndi shuga wanji wamagazi yemwe amamuwona ngati wabwinobwino mwa mwana?

Matenda a shuga ndi matenda omwe amatha kukhudza osati achikulire okha, komanso mwana. Zimakhudza ana azaka zonse, makanda ndi achinyamata. Koma ana kuyambira wazaka 5 mpaka 12, pomwe pali kukula komanso thupi lake, amakhala pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha matenda ashuga.

Chimodzi mwazinthu zokhudzana ndi matenda a shuga kwa ana ndikubwera kwamatenda komwe kumabwera mwachangu. Mwanayo amatha kudwala matenda ashuga pasanathe milungu yochepa matenda atayamba. Chifukwa chake, kupezeka kwa matenda a shuga kwa ana ndi imodzi mwazinthu zazikulu zothandizira bwino matendawo.

Njira yothandiza kwambiri yopezera matenda ashuga mwa ana ndi kuyesa magazi kwa shuga, komwe kumachitika pamimba yopanda kanthu. Zimathandizira kudziwa kuwonjezeka kwa shuga m'magazi a mwana ndikuyamba chithandizo chofunikira panthawi yake.

Mutha kuyeserera nokha kunyumba pogwiritsa ntchito glucometer. Komabe, chifukwa cha izi ndikofunikira kudziwa zomwe shuga ya m'magazi imakhala yofanana ndi ana amisinkhu yosiyanasiyana komanso chomwe chikuwonetsa chikuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'thupi la mwana.

Kuyesedwa kwa shuga kwa ana

Njira yothandiza kwambiri yopezera matenda ashuga mwa ana ndikupita kukayezetsa magazi pofuna kusala shuga. Matenda amtunduwu amathandiza kudziwa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi a mwana asanadye. Kuti mukhale ndi zotsatira zolondola kwambiri, makolo ayenera kukonzekeretsa bwino mwana wawo pamaphunzirowa.

Tsiku lisanafike kusanthula, ndikofunikira kuti musapatse mwana wanu maswiti ndi zakudya zina zamafuta kwambiri, monga maswiti, ma cookie, tchipisi, zoyipa ndi zina zambiri. Zomwezi zitha kunenedwa za zipatso zotsekemera, zomwe zimakhala ndi shuga wambiri.

Chakudya chamadzulo chimayenera kukhala choyambirira kwambiri ndipo chizikhala ndi zinthu zambiri zomanga thupi, mwachitsanzo, zophika nsomba ndi mbale yakumaso. Mbatata, mpunga, pasitala, chimanga, semolina ndi mkate wambiri ziyenera kupewedwa.

Komanso, musalole mwana kusuntha kwambiri usiku musanazindikire. Ngati apita kukasewera, dumphani zolimbitsa thupi. Chowonadi ndi chakuti zolimbitsa thupi zimachepetsa shuga m'magazi mwa ana ndipo zimatha kupotoza zotsatira za kusanthula.

M'mawa tisanayambe phunziroli, simuyenera kudyetsa mwana chakudya cham'mawa, kumwa ndi tiyi wokoma kapena msuzi. Sitikulimbikitsanso kuti tipeze mano, chifukwa shuga kuchokera ku mankhwala opaka mano amatha kulowetsedwa m'magazi kudzera pakamwa pakamwa. Ndikofunika kupatsa mwana wanu madzi popanda mpweya.

Magazi a shuga kwa mwana amatengedwa kuchokera pachala. Kuti muchite izi, adotolo amapangira chikhodzodzo pakhungu la mwana, kufinya magazi ake pang'ono ndi pang'ono ndikupeza. Nthawi zambiri, magazi a venous amagwiritsidwa ntchito pozindikira, omwe amatengedwa ndi syringe.

shuga m'magazi a mwana wazaka 6-18, kuyambira 5.8 mpaka 6 mmol, amadziwika kuti akupatuka kuchoka pazomwe zikuchitika ndipo akuwonetsa kuphwanya kwa kagayidwe kazakudya. Chizindikiro chilichonse cha shuga m'magazi kuchokera kwa 6.1 mmol ndi pamwamba chikuwonetsa kukula kwa matenda ashuga.

Ngati phunziroli pachitika kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi a mwana, limatumizidwa kuti liunikidwenso. Izi zimachitika pofuna kupewa cholakwika ndikuwatsimikizira kuti ali ndi matenda ashuga. Kuphatikiza apo, njira zina zodziwira matenda a shuga zitha kulimbikitsidwa kwa makolo a mwana.

Chimodzi mwa izo ndi kuyesa kwa shuga ana atadya. Iyenera kukonzekereranso chimodzimodzi ndi momwe munayeserera magazi kale. Choyamba, kuyezetsa magazi koyambirira kumachitika kuchokera kwa wodwala pang'ono kuti adziwe kuchuluka kwa shuga omwe ali ndi mwana asanadye.

Kenako mwana amapatsidwa chakumwa cha 50 kapena 75 ml cha shuga, kutengera zaka za wodwalayo. Pambuyo pake, mwana amatengedwa magazi kuti akawunikidwe pambuyo pa mphindi 60, 90 ndi 120. Izi zimathandiza kudziwa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi a mwana atatha kudya, zomwe zikutanthauza kudziwa kuchuluka kwa insulin komanso kuchuluka kwake.

Kodi magazi a mwana ayenera kudya chiyani:

• Pambuyo pa ola limodzi - osapitirira 8.9 mmol,
• Pambuyo maola 1.5 - osaposa 7.8 mmol,
• Pambuyo maola 2, osaposa 6.7 mmol.

Zimavomerezedwa kuti kupezeka kwa matenda osokoneza bongo kwa mwana kumatsimikiziridwa ngati shuga yayikulu pambuyo potsetsa shuga ikukwera mpaka magawo otsatirawa:

1. Pambuyo pa ola limodzi - kuchokera pa mamililone 11,
2. Pambuyo maola 1.5 - kuchokera pa mamililone 10,
3. Pambuyo maola 2 - kuchokera 7.8 mmol.

Zizindikiro za matenda ashuga mwa ana

Mwambiri, ana amapezeka ndi matenda amtundu 1. Amakhala ndi milandu yoposa 98% ya ana omwe amadwala matendawa mwezi umodzi mpaka zaka 18. Lembani matenda a shuga a 2 amapitilira 1% yokha.

Matenda a shuga a Type 1, kapena, monga amatchedwanso shuga, wodalira insulin, amakula chifukwa chosowa insulin m'thupi la mwana. Choyambitsa matendawa ndikuwopsa kwa kuphedwa kwa ma pancreatic β-cell opanga mahomoni ofunikira awa.

Malinga ndi zamankhwala zamakono, kukula kwa matenda osokoneza bongo kwa ana nthawi zambiri kumayambitsa matenda opatsirana ndi mavairasi monga chikuku, rubella, chikuku, mumps ndi virus hepatitis. Vuto linanso lomwe limayambitsa matenda a shuga kwa ana ndi kusakhazikika kwa chitetezo cha mthupi, komwe ma cell amapha ma cell a kapamba awo.

Zizindikiro zazikulu za matenda a shuga kwa ana:

• Mumva ludzu kwambiri. Ana omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga amafunsidwa nthawi zonse kuti amwe ndipo amatha kumwa malita angapo a madzi, tiyi ndi zakumwa zina. Ana amalira kwambiri ndipo amakhala chete ngati muwapatsa chakumwa,
• Kukodza kwadzaoneni. Mwana nthawi zambiri amathamangira kuchimbudzi, ophunzira amatha kupita kuchimbudzi kupita kuchimbudzi kangapo patsiku la sukulu. Ngakhale ana okulirapo amatha kudwala chifukwa cha kugona. Nthawi yomweyo, mkodzo pawokha umakhala wowoneka bwino komanso wowuma, ndipo wokutira yoyera amatha kukhalabe pamakanda a ana.
• Kuchepetsa thupi mwadzidzidzi. Mwana amataya kwambiri popanda chifukwa, ndipo zovala zake zonse zimakhala zazikulu kwambiri kwa iye. Mwanayo amasiya kulemera ndi zotsalira m'mbuyo,
• Zofooka zazikulu. Makolo amadziwa kuti mwana wawo wayamba kuvuta komanso kupha, alibe mphamvu ngakhale zoyenda ndi abwenzi. Ophunzira ayamba kuphunzira bwino, aphunzitsi amadandaula kuti amagona mkalasi,
• Kuchulukitsa chilakolako. Mwana amavutika ndi nkhandwe ndipo pachakudya chimodzi amatha kudya kwambiri kuposa kale. Nthawi yomweyo, amangodya pakati pa chakudya chachikulu, ndikuwonetsa kulakalaka kwapadera kwa maswiti. Mabere amatha kuyamwa mwachangu ndipo amafunika kudyetsa pafupifupi ola lililonse,
• Zowoneka bwino. Ana odwala matenda ashuga amakonda kudwaladwala. Amatha kukhala ochepa kwambiri, amakhala pafupi kwambiri ndi TV kapena wowonera kompyuta, amawerama pansi ndikulemba mabuku ndi nkhope zawo. Zowonongeka zamatenda a shuga zimawoneka ndi mitundu yonse yamatenda,
• Kuchiritsa kwa bala Mabala a mwana ndi zipsera zimachiritsidwa kwakanthawi yayitali ndipo zimapukwa nthawi zonse. Kutupa kwadzidzidzi ngakhale zithupsa zimapangika pakhungu la mwana
• Kuchulukirachulukira. Mwanayo akhoza kukhala wovuta komanso wosakwiya, amakhalabe wosatekeseka. Amatha kukhala ndi mantha osaganizira komanso kukhala ndi mitsempha,
• Matenda oyamba ndi mafangasi. Atsikana omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga amatha kukhala ndi thrush (candidiasis). Kuphatikiza apo, ana otere amakonda kwambiri cystitis ndi kutupa mu impso,
• Ofooka chitetezo chokwanira. Mwana yemwe ali ndi shuga wokwezeka kwambiri amakhala ndi mwayi wokhala ndi chimfine kapena chimfine.

Ndikofunika kuti makolo azikumbukira kuti shuga yaubwana ndi yosachiritsika. Koma kuzindikira kwakanthawi za matendawa komanso chithandizo chamankhwala choyenera kumathandiza kuti mwana wawo azikhala wathanzi. Koma chifukwa cha izi muyenera kukumbukira zomwe ziyenera kukhala shuga wa magazi mwa ana athanzi komanso zomwe zingasonyeze kukula kwa matenda ashuga.

Zomwe zikuwonetsa glycemia mwa ana ndizomwe zikufotokozedwa muvidiyoyi.

Sonyezani shuga yanu kapena sankhani jenda kuti muyimikize.

Zindikirika bwanji?

Kupanga matenda otere kwa ana ndi akulu onse, kuyesa kamodzi kwa shuga sikokwanira. Kupatula apo, kupatuka kwa chizindikiro ichi kuchokera ku chizolowezi kumatha kuphatikizidwa ndi zifukwa zina, mwachitsanzo:

• shuga wambiri m'magazi amatha kuphatikizidwa ndi chakudya patatsala pang'ono kuyesedwa,
• kuchuluka kwambiri - mwamaganizidwe ndi thupi,
• matenda a endocrine ziwalo - adrenal tiziwalo timene timatulutsa, chithokomiro England,
• khunyu
• matenda a kapamba
• kumwa mankhwala ena
• kupatuka pa mtengo wabwinobwino ndikotheka chifukwa cha poyizoni wa carbon monoxide.

Pomwe pakufunika kufananizira zotsatira za maphunziro angapo, omwe amaperekedwa m'magulu osiyanasiyana, zimachitika motere: zotsatira za mg / 100 ml, mg / dl kapena mg% zimagawika ndi nambala 18. Zotsatira zake ndi mtengo wa mmol / l.

Kukonzekera koyenera ndi zotsatira zake.

Kuti mupeze zambiri, musanadutsa mayeso, malamulo ena ayenera kusungidwa:

1. Osamamwa mowa maola 24 maphunziro asanafike. Ngakhale pokhudzana ndi ana, lamuloli silothandiza.
2. Nthawi yomaliza mwana ayenera kudyetsedwa maola 8-12 asanaperekedwe magazi. Zamadzimadzi zimatha kumwa, koma madzi ochepa okha.
3. Musamawotseke mano musanapime mayeso, chifukwa mano onse ali ndi shuga, omwe amatha kulowetsa mkati mwa pakamwa ndiku kusintha mawonekedwe. Pazifukwa zomwezo, kuletsako kumakhudzanso chingamu.

Pa kafukufukuyu, zitsanzo zamagazi zimachitika kuchokera chala. Kuyesa kwa magazi kuchokera m'mitsempha kumachitika ndi chosanthula chokha. Phunziro lotere silikhala labwino nthawi zonse, chifukwa pamafunika magazi ambiri kuti azichita. Masiku ano ndizotheka kudziwa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kunyumba. Kuti muchite izi, mumafunika glucometer - chipangizo chonyamula bwino chomwe chitha kugulidwa ku pharmacy. Komabe, zotsatira zomaliza zitha kuperekedwa ndi zolakwika zina zomwe zimatuluka, monga lamulo, chifukwa chakuti chubu chokhala ndi zingwe zoyesera sichitseke zolimba kapena kusungidwa poyera.

Zingwe zoyeserera siziyenera kukhala kunja, chifukwa chamachitidwe amtundu omwe amachititsa kuti katundu awonongeke.

Kafukufuku wowonjezera

Kafukufuku wowonjezera akuchitika kuti azindikire mtundu wotsika wa matenda ashuga. Uku ndikuyesa kulolera kwa glucose. Choyamba, zindikirani kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi pamimba yopanda kanthu, ndiye kuti mumawunika pambuyo pa mphindi 60, 90 ndi 120 pamodzi ndi kuyamwa kwa madzi amadzimadzi a shuga.

Chiyeso china ndikutsimikiza kwa glycosylated hemoglobin m'magazi. Nthawi zambiri, amapanga 4.8-5.9% ya ndende yonse ya hemoglobin. Zotsatira zake, mutha kudziwa ngati shuga wa magazi adakwera miyezi 3 kusanachitike.

Osazengereza kuyeserera kwa mwana wanu! Matendawa akapezeka msanga, mankhwalawa amathandizidwa, mankhwalawa amasankhidwa ndipo mankhwalawo amalembedwa. Thanzi la mwana wanu lili m'manja mwanu.

Momwe shuga limakhalira ndi ana a zaka 11: gome la zisonyezo pofika zaka

• Imakhazikika pamisempha ya shuga kwa nthawi yayitali
• Imabwezeretsa kapangidwe ka insulin

Ngati matendawa adapezeka koyambirira, izi zimakupatsani mwayi woperekera chithandizo chokwanira, chomwe chikhala chothandiza kwambiri.Ichi ndichifukwa chake dokotala kuyambira zaka zoyambirira za moyo, adokotala amafotokozera mayeso osiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo kafukufuku wokhudza kuchuluka kwa shuga.

Magulu a shuga mwachizolowezi mwa ana amakhala ocheperako poyerekeza ndi akuluakulu. Chowonadi ndi chakuti mwa ana mumakhala mawonekedwe osasintha a mapangidwe onse amkati.

Kuwerenga kwa glucose kumatha kunena za thanzi komanso thanzi la wodwala pang'ono yemwe sangathe kufotokoza kwaokha akuluakulu zomwe zikumuvutitsa.

Kodi ndikofunikira kulingalira za chikhalidwe cha shuga m'magazi mwa mwana, kutengera zaka zake? Kodi ndi zifukwa ziti zomwe zingayambitse kuchepa ndi kuchuluka kwa shuga mwa mwana, ndipo muyenera kuchita chiyani pamenepa?

Mlingo wa shuga wa ana

Kuyesa kwa shuga kwa mwana kumachitika m'mawa, pamimba yopanda kanthu, ndiye kuti asanadye. Kuyesa kwa magazi kumachitika mwachindunji kuchokera pachala. Musanapereke magazi, simungadye pafupifupi maola 10-12.

Kuti kuwunikako kuwonetse zotsatira zoyenera, sikulimbikitsidwa kumwa zakumwa zotsekemera, kutsuka mano, kutafuna chingamu maphunziro asanachitike. Amaloledwa kumwa madzi oyera oyera bwino.

Kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kumatengera msinkhu wa mwana. Ngati tingayerekezere ndi zomwe zimachitika kwa achikulire, ndiye kuti kuchuluka kwa shuga mwa ana nthawi zonse kumakhala kotsika kuposa kwa akulu.

Mndandanda wa zisonyezo zabwinobwino za shuga mwa ana, kutengera zaka zawo:

• Mpaka chaka chimodzi, zizindikiro zikuchokera ku 2.8 mpaka 4.4 mayunitsi.
• Mwana wamwamuna wazaka chimodzi amakhala ndi shuga wamagazi kuyambira magawo 3.0 mpaka 3.8.
• Pazaka 3-4
• Kuyambira zaka 6 mpaka 9, shuga kuchokera ku 3.3 mpaka 5.3 amayesedwa ngati wamba.
• Pazaka 11, chizolowezi ndi magawo 3.3-5.0.

Monga momwe gome likusonyezera, kuchuluka kwa shuga kwa ana a zaka 11 kumasiyana kuchokera ku mayunitsi 3.3 mpaka 5.0, ndipo pafupifupi kumayandikira zizindikiro zazikulu. Ndipo kuyambira kuyambira m'badwo uno, zizindikiro za glucose zidzayenerana ndi mfundo za akulu.

Tiyenera kudziwa kuti kuti mupeze zotsatira zodalirika zoyesedwa magazi, ndikulimbikitsidwa kutsatira malamulo onse omwe kusanthula kumafunikira. Ngati maupangiri onse atsatiridwa, koma kupatuka kwa chizolowezi kumawonedwa mbali imodzi kapena imodzi, ndiye kuti izi zikuwonetsa kuti mwana ali ndi njira ya pathological.

Kuchulukitsa kwa glucose kumadalira zinthu zambiri ndi zochitika zina - ichi ndiye chakudya cha mwana, kugwira ntchito kwa chakudya cham'mimba, mphamvu ya mahomoni ena.

Kupatuka kwa zizindikiro kuchokera ku chizolowezi

Ngati pali kupatuka kwa shuga m'njira yayikulu, ndiye kuti matendawa amapezeka ndi matenda a shuga. Panthawi yomwe kuchuluka kwa glucose kumakhala kotsika kwambiri kuposa zabwinobwino, ndiye kuti titha kulankhula za chikhalidwe cha hypoglycemic.

Muzochita zachipatala, pali zinthu zambiri zoyipa, zomwe zimayambitsa ndi zomwe zingapangitse kuti magazi achepetse.

Chimodzi mwazifukwa ndizakudya zopanda mwana. Mwachitsanzo, chakudya sichikhala ndi kalori yayikulu, zakudya sizoyikidwa, chakudya chosafunikira, nthawi yayitali pakati pa chakudya ndi zina.

Mwazi wochepa wa glucose ungachitike pazifukwa izi:

1. Mlingo waukulu wa insulin.
2. Kuchita zolimbitsa thupi mwamphamvu.
3. Kudandaula kwam'mutu.
4. Kuphwanya magwiridwe antchito a chiwindi, impso kapena kapamba.
5. Kuthetsa madzi m'thupi
6. Mwanayo adabadwa asanakwane.

Matenda a hypoglycemic amatha kuwonetsedwa pafupipafupi, kapena kuchitika mwanjira zina. Kutengera kumverera kwa mwana mpaka madontho a shuga, amatha kukhala ndi zizindikiro zoyipa za kutsika kwa shuga, kapena alibe zizindikiro konse.

Mkhalidwe wa hyperglycemic amadziwika ndi kuwonjezeka kwa shuga m'thupi, ndipo amatha kukhala chizindikiro cha izi kapena matenda:

• Mtundu woyamba kapena wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga.
• Zochitika zina za endocrine chikhalidwe (kuwonongeka kwa chithokomiro, zotupa za adrenal).
• Kupsinjika Kwakukulu, mavuto amanjenje.
• Kuchita zolimbitsa thupi.
• Katundu wa kutaya mtima.
• Kumwa mankhwala ena (okodzetsa, mankhwala osokoneza bongo, mapiritsi a mahomoni).
• Kukhala moyo wongokhala, kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi, makamaka kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta ambiri osavuta.

Dziwani kuti boma la hyperglycemic lingawonedwe kwakanthawi, komanso lingawoneke pazigawo. Mulimonsemo, madontho a shuga ayenera kuchenjeza makolo, ndipo iyi ndi nthawi yoyendera malo azachipatala.

Kuzindikira kwenikweni kungachitike ndi dokotala.

Matenda a shuga amakhalanso akhanda

Shuga wakhanda samapezeka kawirikawiri. Izi ndichifukwa choti mwana wochepa sangathe kufotokozera dokotala zomwe zikumuvutitsa.

Zizindikiro za matenda am'mimba zimayamba pang'onopang'ono, osawoneka nthawi yomweyo. Komabe, matendawa akapezeka posachedwa, mankhwalawo amayenda bwino kwambiri ndipo chifukwa chake, zovuta zomwe zimachepa.

Anthu ambiri amadabwa kuti chifukwa chani mwana wakhanda akamadwala matenda ashuga, chimayambitsa matendawa ndi chiani? M'malo mwake, ngakhale akatswiri azachipatala sangatchule zifukwa zenizeni zomwe zinayambitsa matenda.

Koma pali mfundo zotsatirazi zomwe zingayambitse zovuta mthupi:

1. Kukula kwachilendo kwa kapamba.
2. Chithandizo cha mankhwala anticancer pa mimba.
3. Choyipa.

Monga momwe machitidwe akusonyezera, ngati amayi kapena abambo kapena makolo onse ali ndi matenda ashuga, ndiye kuti mwayi wokhala ndi matenda mwa mwana ndiwokwera kwambiri.

Ngati kuyesedwa kwa shuga kukuwonetsa mitengo yayikulu, ndiye kuti njira zowunikira zowonjezereka zimalimbikitsidwa kuti zitsimikizireni matendawo. Pokhapokha pamaphunziro osiyanasiyana pomwe titha kulankhula molimba mtima za matenda a shuga.

Chithandizo cha mankhwalawa ndikupereka insulin. Ngati mwana ayamwitsidwa, ndiye kuti mayiyo asinthe zakudya zake, akulimbikitsidwa kudya zakudya zamafuta ochepa.

Ndi chakudya chopanga, zosakaniza zomwe sizikhala ndi glucose zimasankhidwa.

Zomwe zimayenera kukhala shuga wa magazi mwa ana

Kuzindikira kwa matenda ambiri mumwana kumachitika malinga ndi kuyezetsa magazi komwe kumawonetsa zina. Chizindikiro chofunikira ndi kuchuluka kwa shuga. Makolo ayenera kudziwa kuti kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi mwa ana ndi chiyani, kufotokozedwa m'nkhaniyi.

Kugonjera kwa kusanthula kwaposachedwa, milandu ya matenda a shuga kwa ana yawonjezereka. Itha kuchitika makanda, koma nthawi zambiri imagwira zaka 6 mpaka 13 - nthawi yogwira mwachangu, kupita kusukulu, kutha msinkhu.

Makolo ayenera kuyang'anira mwana mosamala kuti asaphonye foni, kuti aziyang'ana nthawi. Zimakhala bwino makolo akamapenda ana awo pafupipafupi. Mlingo wa glycemia ndi chinthu chokhacho chomwe mungathe kuyesa mwanayo kunyumba, popanda madokotala kulowererapo, kukhala ndi glucometer.

Musanapitirire zoyezera, muyenera kudziwa zizindikiro zowoneka bwino komanso zowopsa. Chachilendo cha mphindi ino ndikuti pamibadwo yosiyanasiyana manambala amasiyana. Zimatengera ntchito ya kapamba mu insulin yobweretsa ana.

Makanda obadwa kumene amakhala ndi kapamba wam'mimba

Zoyambitsa zitatu zimadziwika kuti zimasintha kuchuluka kwamagulu a shuga akamakula.

1. Zikondwererozi ndi zazing'ono - izi zimagwira ntchito kwa makanda ndi ana aang'ono. Chaka choyamba cha moyo, iye amadutsa mu ntchito yopanga chitukuko chokwanira, mwana amadya chakudya chochepa, ntchito za gland sizigwiritsidwa ntchito mokwanira.
2. Nthawi yogwira khanda wakhanda. Zimakhudza zaka 6 ndi 12 pafupifupi. Kusintha kwa ma Hormonal kumapangitsa kuti thupi lonse lizigwira ntchito mosiyanasiyana, mwina kusintha kwamasamba mu shuga, zomwe zili zabwinobwino.
3. Chakudya cha mwana chimakhudza zolakwika za kusanthula, ntchito yoyenera ya m'mimba.

Mulingo wamba

Kuyambira kuyambira pobadwa, kuchuluka kwa shuga kumakhala kotsika - sikutanthauza kuwunika kowonjezera, mankhwala. Kenako chizolowezi cha glucose chimawonjezeka, kapamba amakhala wokonzeka kugwira ntchitoyo.

Ndi zonyansa zowoneka, kuyesedwa kowonjezereka ndikofunikira, makamaka ngati zizindikiro za matenda a shuga ziwoneka kapena achibale apafupi akudwala ndi matendawa.

Gome 1 - shuga wabwinobwino mwa ana:

M'badwo	Norm, mmol / l
0-1 mwezi	1,7 – 4,3
Miyezi 1-12	2,5 – 4,6
Zaka 2-5	3,2 — 5,2
Zaka 6-12	3,2 – 5,7
Zaka 13-18	3,4 – 5,6

Gome likuwonetsa kuti manambala otsika kwambiri amadziwika pobadwa. Matendawa amakula msanga, kupatuka pang'ono panjira kumakhala koopsa m'thupi. Ndikofunikira kuyang'anira mwana mosamala, osanyalanyaza malangizo a madokotala.

Kuyesedwa kwa Laborator kumawonetsa kukhalapo kwa matendawa.

Munthawi yamaphunziro, amafunika kupereka magazi pafupipafupi kuti athandize shuga: zomwe zimachitika mwa mwana sizimasiyana kwambiri ndi munthu wamkulu, kukula kwa matendawa kumatenga nthawi yayitali, Zizindikiro sizinenedwe, anthu apafupi samazindikira kuphwanya thanzi la mwana panthawi. Onaninso dokotala nthawi zambiri ali ndi matenda ashuga, omwe ali ndi vuto lotere.

Achinyamata nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi matenda ashuga chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa mahomoni nthawi yomwe amakula. Chikhansa chikugwira ntchito mokwanira, mulingo wa glycemia ngati munthu wamkulu. Zizindikiro zimabisidwa, kuyezetsa magazi kwa mwana koyenera pachaka kumafunika kuti munthu adziwe matenda omwe amafika pa nthawi yake.

Ngati chiwerengero cha shuga chikuwonjezeka

Ngati zotsatira za kusanthula zikuwonetsa zambiri zomwe zimadutsa zaka zina, cheke chowonjezera chikufunika kutsimikizira kapena kukana kukhalapo kwa matenda osokoneza bongo. Chiyeso chololera cha glucose chimachitika, glucose yoyera imatengedwa, ndipo phindu limayeza pambuyo pa mphindi 120. Zimatsimikizira kupezeka kwa matenda ashuga.

Mwa ana aang'ono, matenda a shuga a 1 amakula, kawirikawiri - 2, nthawi zambiri amapezeka mwa akuluakulu. Mu makanda, kupanga insulini kumavulala, kwathunthu kapena pang'ono.

Amafunikira kuti ayambe kulandira chithandizo chambiri, chomwe chimatenga mapiritsi owonjezera a insulin kapena shuga. Zakudya zopatsa thanzi, zingapo maulendo 4-8, m'magawo ang'onoang'ono, kudya zakudya zochepa m'matumbo, kuwonjezera masewera olimbitsa thupi ndizofunikira pakuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi.

Maswiti amavulaza ana

Kukhalapo kwa matenda a shuga amawerengedwa ndi zizindikiro za:

• kukodza pafupipafupi
• kamwa yowuma
• ludzu
• kufooka.

Mwazi wamagazi ambiri mwa mwana umatha kuchitika pazifukwa zambiri, chinthu chachikulu ndicholowa.

Makhalidwe otsika

Msuzi wa shuga nthawi zina umachepetsedwa kwambiri. Zodabwitsazi ndizosowa, koma muyenera kudziwa za izi. Nthawi zambiri amapezeka mwa ana akhama.

Zizindikiro zochepetsedwa mwamphamvu zitha kudziwika ndi zomwe mwana akuchita:

• nkhalwe
• chisangalalo
• vagaries
• chizungulire
• thukuta
• kufuna kudya zakudya zotsekemera,
• womvera
• spasms sizichitika kawirikawiri
• kulephera kudziwa.

Matendawa amapezeka pazifukwa zina.

Mwana amakhala ndi shuga wochepa wamagazi: zimayambitsa:

• ntchito zolimba, mphamvu zilibe nthawi yoti zibwezere,
• kusokoneza kagayidwe kachakudya,
• mwanayo sanadye kwa nthawi yayitali,
• kupsinjika
• matenda amanjenje
• zotupa.

Kukonzekera mayesowo

Nthawi zambiri, kuwunika kosadalirika kumabweramo, ngati zofunika pakutsata sizikwaniritsidwa. Simungathe kubwera ndi ana nthawi iliyonse, kudutsa zofunikira ndikudikirira yankho lenileni. Zizindikiro zoyenera zimabwera ndi chikhalidwe choyenera cha zinyenyeswazi ndi kholo asanapite kwa dokotala.

Nthawi zina labotale imapangitsa kuti pakhale kusanthula kolondola. Ndondomeko yolakwika, ma reagents oyipa - mndandanda wamilandu yosakhulupirika ya dokotala.

Chakudya chopepuka chimakonzekeretsa thupi kuchita njirayi.

Momwe mungaperekere magazi kwa shuga kwa mwana, ndi mfundo ziti zomwe zimafunika kukumbukiridwa kuti muchepetse zolakwika za zotsatira:

1. Musanapite ku labotale, muyenera kumulimbikitsa mwana, osamulola kuti azisewera mwachangu, kusewera masewera.
2. Pewani zinthu zoyipa (maswiti, tchipisi, sopo, yokazinga, zonunkhira, zamchere).
3. Kuwala, chakudya chamtengo chochepa.
4. M'mawa, popanda kadzutsa, pitani ku labotale.
5. Magazi amachotsedwa chala. Wogwira ntchito zamankhwala amavala magolovu, amagwira chala ndi njira yothandizira kupatsirana, amatenga chosabala, lancet yatsopano, ndikugulitsa. Amakola muyeso wofunikira pa mzere woyeserera kapena mu chubu choyera, amatetemera bala.

Zosankhidwa

Miyezi yabwinobwino ya shuga m'magazi sichidutsa 5.6 mmol / L. Zizindikiro za 5.8-6.0 mmol / l zimawonetsa kusokonekera kwa metabolic, boma la prediabetes. Digits pamwamba pa 6.1 mmol / L zimayesedwanso kuti zidziwike matenda a shuga.

Makolo ayenera kuganizira kuti kuchuluka kosinthika kwa glycemia kumachitika ndi matenda aliwonse a catarrhal, patsogolo kapena kupsinjika kwaposachedwa. Makolo amafunika kukana zokumana nazo, kuti ayang'anenso mwana.

MUTU: ngati kuwunikaku kwatsimikizira mitengo yokwera kamodzi, muyenera kubwera mawa, mutakonzeka bwino kuti mudzaperekedwe. Ndi mayendedwe omwewa a mayeso awiri okhala ndi zotsatira zabwino, kuphatikiza kwa magazi sikofunikira, kutsimikizika kwa kusanthula kumakhala kwakukulu.

Chakudya Chimakweza Miyezo Yabwino ya Mwana

Atatha kudya, magazi a mwana adzawonjezereka ngati pakufunika kupereka magazi mwachangu, ndipo mwanayo wadya kale. Ndikofunika kudikirira maola awiri, kuchuluka kwa shuga kumatsikira kwakanthawi. Chowonadi cha mayesowa chikukayika.

Gome 2 - Magugu a glucose mukatha kudya:

Nthawi	Nambala, mmol / l
Pambuyo mphindi 60	Osapitirira 8.2
Pambuyo pa mphindi 120	Pansipa 6.8

Zomwe Zimayambitsa Matenda

Pali zinthu zina zoopsa zomwe zimayambitsa matenda aubwana. Mwana yemwe ali pachiwopsezo ayenera kuperekera magazi kwa shuga: zomwe zimachitika mwa ana nthawi zina zimasintha, Zizindikiro zimachulukana.

Mfundo zotsatirazi ziyenera kulingaliridwa:

• mavuto
• kunenepa kwambiri, kunenepa kwambiri,
• zolimbitsa thupi, osati kutengera zaka,
• pafupipafupi matenda opatsirana
• chibadwa
• matenda a chithokomiro
• kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwakanthawi kwa mankhwala omwe si a steroidal,
• chibadwa
• kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi, kugwiritsa ntchito chakudya chamagulu ambiri, kusowa kwa mapuloteni.

Timazindikira thanzi la mwana

Moni, dzina langa ndi Victoria. Posachedwa ndidayeza glucose wa mwana wanga ndi chipangizo chomwe wasiyidwa ndi agogo ake. Mwanayo ali ndi zaka 2. Kanemayo adawonetsa manambala 4.5. Ndiuzeni, kodi sizabwinobwino? Kodi shuga mumagazi ndi chiyani kwa ana?

Moni, Victoria. Ndi mulingo wabwino kwa zaka ziwiri. Zambiri za Glycemia zimatha kusintha kuchokera ku 3.2 mpaka 5.2.

Ngati agogo anu anali ndi mita ya shuga, kodi anali ndi vuto la shuga? Matendawa amatha kupatsirana kudzera kumtundu, ndikofunikira kuyang'anitsitsa mwana kuti asaphonye matendawa. Kuthekera kwa kufalikira kuchokera kwa wachibale wakutali ndi kocheperako, koma osaphatikizidwa kwathunthu.

Magawo a shuga ochepa

Moni, dzina langa ndi Anastasia. Mwana wamwamuna ali ndi zaka 17, shuga ndi wotsika, amasunga pafupifupi 3 3 mmol / l. Kodi masewera amathanso kusintha?

Moni Anastasia. Kuchita zolimbitsa thupi mwamphamvu, limodzi ndi kusowa kwa chakudya pofika zaka, kumatha kuchepetsa chizindikiro ichi. Mulingo wotsika wazaka ndi 3.4 mmol / L; muli ndi kusiyana pang'ono. Osayika kupita ku endocrinologist, kukayesa mayeso. Mwana amafunika kuchepetsa zochitika, idyani bwino.