Shuga wamagazi: muyezo womwe umakhazikitsidwa ndi WHO kwa anthu athanzi

Mawu oti "shuga m'magazi" ndimagazi a glucose ambiri omwe amapezeka mwa 99% ya anthu athanzi. Miyezo yapano yaumoyo ili motere.

• Mwazi wamagazi (kusala kudya). Amatsimikizika m'mawa pambuyo poti agone usiku, amachokera pa 59 mpaka 99 mg mu 100 ml ya magazi (malire apansiwo ndi 3.3 mmol / l, ndipo chapamwamba - 5.5 mmol / l).
• Magazi a shuga okwanira mutatha kudya. Mwazi wa magazi umapangidwa maola awiri mutatha kudya, nthawi zambiri sayenera kupitirira 141 mg / 100 ml (7.8 mmol / L).

Ndani ayenera kuyeza shuga

Kuyesa shuga m'magazi kumachitika makamaka ndi matenda a shuga. Koma shuga ayeneranso kuyang'aniridwa ndi anthu athanzi. Ndipo adotolo azitsogolera wodwalayo kuti amuwunike pazotsatirazi:

• ndi zizindikiro za hyperglycemia - ulesi, kutopa, kukoka pafupipafupi, ludzu, kusinthasintha kwadzidzidzi kwa kulemera,
• monga gawo la zoyeserera zanthawi zonse zasayansi - makamaka kwa anthu omwe ali pachiwopsezo chotenga matenda ashuga (anthu azaka zopitilira 40, onenepa kwambiri kapena onenepa kwambiri, omwe ali ndi vuto lotengera cholowa),
• azimayi oyembekezera - omwe ali ndi zaka zoyeserera kuyambira milungu 24 mpaka 28, mayeserowa amathandiza kuzindikira matenda a shuga a gestational mellitus (GDM).

Momwe mungadziwire glycemia

Munthu wathanzi amayenera kuwunika shuga kamodzi magazi pachaka. Mutha kuyang'ana kuchuluka kwa shuga kwanu ndi glucometer. Pankhaniyi, kuyesedwa kutha kuchitika:

• m'mawa m'mimba yopanda kanthu - osachepera maola asanu ndi atatu simumatha kudya ndi kumwa zakumwa kupatula madzi,
• mutatha kudya - glycemic control ikuchitika maola awiri mutatha kudya,
• nthawi iliyonse - ndi matenda a shuga, ndikofunikira kudziwa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi komwe kumawonedwa nthawi zosiyanasiyana za tsiku - osati m'mawa zokha, koma masana, madzulo, ngakhale usiku.

Momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito mita

Kuti mugwiritse ntchito kunja, zida zonyamulika zomwe zimagulitsidwa ku pharmacy (Accu-Chek Active / Accu Chek Active kapena zina) ndizoyenera. Kuti mugwiritse ntchito zida zotere, muyenera kudziwa momwe mungayezare magazi moyenera ndi glucometer, apo ayi mutha kupeza zotsatira zolakwika. Algorithm imaphatikizapo magawo asanu.

1. Kusamba m'manja. Sambani m'manja musanapimidwe. Madzi ofunda abwinoko, popeza kuzizira kumachepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi, kumalimbikitsa kutulutsa kwa ma capillaries.
2. Kukonzekera kwa singano. Ndikofunikira kukonza lancet (singano). Kuti muchite izi, chotsani kapu ku stripper, ikani lancet mkati. Pa lancet anaika kuchuluka kwa kuya kwa kuchotsera. Ngati palibe zinthu zokwanira, wotsutsayo sangawunike, ndikuzama kokwanira ndikofunika kuti magazi ake athe.
3. Kuchita punct. Pofunika kupanga cholembera pachala. Osapukuta chala chomenyedwa ndi hydrogen peroxide, mowa kapena mankhwala ophera tizilombo. Izi zitha kukhudza zotsatira zake.
4. Kuyesa kwa magazi. Dontho la magazi lomwe liyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito liyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pokonzekera mayeso. Kutengera mtundu wa mita, magazi amayikidwa mwina pa chiwembu choyesa chomwe adalowetsa mu chosakanizira, kapena chingwe choyezera chomwe chimachotsedwa pa chipangizocho musanayesedwe.
5. Kusanthula deta. Tsopano mukuyenera kuwerengera zotsatira zoyeserera, zomwe zimawonekera pazowonekera patatha pafupifupi masekondi khumi.

Kuyesedwa kunyumba sikutanthauza kukonzekera kwapadera, kumangofunika magazi a capillary kuchokera chala. Koma tikumbukire kuti ma glucometer omwe ali ambulates si zida zolondola kwenikweni. Mtengo wa zolakwika zawo zoyezera kuchokera pa 10 mpaka 15%. Ndipo zizindikiro zodalirika kwambiri za glycemia zitha kupezeka mu labotale mukamafufuza madzi a m'magazi otengedwa kuchokera m'mitsempha. Kutanthauzira kwa zotsatira za kuyezetsa magazi kwafotokozedwa mu tebulo pansipa.

Gome - Kodi kuyeza kwa shuga m'magazi kumatanthauza chiyani?

Kodi kuyesedwa kwa glucose kumafunika liti?

Ngati matenda a hyperglycemia atapezeka m'magawo obwereza a magazi pamimba yopanda kanthu, dokotalayo adzakupatsani mayeso a shuga omwe akuwonetsa ngati thupi lingathe kupirira shuga yayikulu imodzi. Kusanthula kumatsimikizira kuthekera kwa kapamba kapangidwe ka insulin yambiri.

Phunziroli limachitika mutatha “chakudya cham'mawa chokwanira”: woyesererayo amapatsidwa shuga wa magalamu 75 magalamu osungunuka m'mawa. Pambuyo pa izi, mbiri ya glycemic imatsimikiziridwa - kanayi pa theka lililonse la ola la shuga limayesedwa. Kutanthauzira kwa zotsatira zomwe zingachitike mutatha mphindi 120 kufotokozedwa pagome.

Gome - Kulingalira zotsatira za mayeso okhudzana ndi glucose omwe adapeza mphindi 120 pambuyo pobweza shuga

Pa nthawi yoyembekezera

Chiyeso chololera glucose chimagwiritsidwanso ntchito pozindikira matenda ashuga. Amayi onse oyembekezera amakhala ndi phunziroli, kupatula omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga. Amachitika pakati pa 24 ndi 28 milungu ya mimba kapena ngakhale koyambirira mwa akazi omwe ali pachiwopsezo cha matenda osokoneza bongo (makamaka, okhala ndi cholozera chachikulu cha thupi chofanana kapena choposa 30, mbiri ya matenda a shuga a gestational). Phunziroli limachitika m'magawo awiri.

• Gawo loyamba. Kusala kudya kwa glucose. Amachitidwa mu labotale, magazi omwe amatengedwa kuchokera mu mtsempha amayesedwa. Siloledwa kuchita mayeso potsatira miyezo yogwiritsa ntchito gluceter ya kunja ndi magazi, popeza maselo ofiira m'mapulogalamuwo akupitiliza kudya shuga, amene amatsika ndi 5-7% pasanathe ola limodzi.
• Gawo lachiwiri. Pakupita mphindi zisanu, muyenera kumwa 75 g ya shuga osungunuka mu kapu yamadzi. Zitachitika izi, mayi woyembekezera apumule kwa maola awiri. Kusintha kapena kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi mopitirira muyeso kumasokoneza kutanthauzira koyenera kwa mayesowo ndipo kumafunikanso kuyesedwanso. Ma sampuli obwerezabwereza amatengedwa 60 ndi mphindi 120 mutatulutsa shuga.

Pa nthawi yoyembekezera, kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kumakhala kochepa kuposa anthu wamba. Kuthamanga kwama glucose mwa amayi apakati kuyenera kukhala pansi pa 92 mg / 100 ml (kwa ambiri ≤99 mg / 100 ml). Ngati zotulukazo zimapezeka m'magawo a 92-124 mg / 100 ml, izi zimapangitsa kuti mayi woyembekezera akhale gulu lowopsa ndipo amafunikira kufufuza kwapafupipafupi kwa kulolerana kwa shuga. Ngati magazi a glucose othamanga amakhala apamwamba kuposa 125 mg / 100 ml, shuga wamtundu umakayikiridwa, womwe umafunikira chitsimikiziro.

Mlingo wa shuga wamagazi malinga ndi zaka

Zotsatira zoyesedwa m'magulu osiyanasiyana zimasiyana ngakhale pamakhala mitu yamoyo wonse wamaphunziro. Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha zolimbitsa thupi. Mwazi wa m'magazi mwa ana ndi wotsika kuposa anthu akuluakulu. Kuphatikiza apo, mwana wakhanda, amatsitsa zizindikiro za glycemia - kuchuluka kwa shuga mwa khanda kumasiyana ngakhale pazikhalidwe zomwe zimachitika msukulu yakubadwa. Tsatanetsatane wa shuga wamagazi pofika zaka zimafotokozedwa pagome.

Gome - Magulu abwinobwino glycemic ana

Mu achinyamata ndi achikulire, glucose othamanga ayenera kukhala ofanana kapena otsika 99 mg / 100 ml, ndipo atatha kadzutsa - m'munsimu 140 mg / 100 ml. Mwazi wamagazi mwa amayi okalamba pambuyo kusintha kwa thupi nthawi zambiri amakhala okwera kuposa azimayi achichepere, komabe mawonekedwe awo ovomerezeka ndi 99 mg / 100 ml, ndipo kuwunika kwa odwala kumatsimikizira izi. Kwa anthu achikulire omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga, shuga othamanga wamagazi amayenera kukhala pakati pa 80 ndi 139 mg / 100 ml, ndipo mukatha kudya ayenera kukhala pansi pa 181 mg / 100 ml.

Kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi amuna ndi akazi pamimba yopanda kanthu kumakhala kotsika kuposa 5.5 mmol / l. Ngati owonjezera pamlingo uwu wapezeka, ndikofunikira kukaonana ndi dokotala ndikuganiza zakuwongolera zakudya. Mwachitsanzo, malamulo atsopano a World Health Organisation (WHO) amalimbikitsa kuchepa kwa zakudya zosavuta zosavuta kukhala zosakwana 5% zama calorie tsiku lililonse. Kwa munthu amene ali ndi chizolowezi chomveka bwino cha thupi, ndimipuni 6 yokha ya shuga patsiku.

Moni. Ndasankha kuti ndilembe, mwadzidzidzi izi zithandiza wina, ndipo mwina sizoyenera kutenga pachiwopsezo, koma kwa adotolo, chonde sinthanani, chifukwa zonse ndi zaumwini. M'banja lathu tili ndi chida chomwe chimayeza shuga, ndipo izi zidandithandiza kupirira vutoli. Kuchokera pa zoyeserera pankhani ya kadyedwe, ndidakumana ndi mseru komanso kusanza kamodzi, nditatha kudwala, ndidaganiza zoyeza shuga ndipo zidapezeka kuti ndi 7.4. Koma sindinapite kwa adotolo (ndinatenga mwayi sindikudziwa chifukwa chake) koma ndinachita izi nditawerenga pa intaneti za matenda ashuga, etc., kuti zakudyazi zindipulumutsa. M'mawa ndidadya dzira lowiritsa ndi tiyi wopanda shuga, maola awiri pambuyo pake kachiwiri dzira lowiritsa ndi tiyi wopanda shuga. Ndipo pa nkhomaliro panali chakudya chamagulu, nyama ya mbale yam'mbali (phala) ndi saladi. Malingaliro anga, mwina olakwika, anali oti muchepetse shuga m'mawa ndikuwasunga ndikudya chakudya chamagulu pang'ono, chifukwa chakudya chamadzulo chimakhalanso chokwanira, koma muyenera kumvetsera nokha. Ndiye sindinatenge mazira awiri mosamalitsa. Kuchira pafupifupi sabata limodzi. Tsopano ndili ndi 5.9

Mwa amayi apakati, kuyesedwa kwa glucose kuyenera kutengedwa kuti matenda amiseche apezeke. Popanda icho iwo satero. Ndinali ndi shuga 5.7, iwo anati anali okwera pang'ono, koma ndinabzala muyezo kwa azimayi oyembekezera, koma sindinapatse mayeso ololera a glucose, maola 2 nditatha shuga, shuga anali okwera kuposa 9. Kenako ndimayang'anira shuga tsiku lililonse kuchipatala, nthawi zambiri panali shuga. kuyambira 5.7 mpaka 2.0 masana. Amalemba maphitidwe a shuga okhathamiritsa, maswiti anali oletsedwa, koma gome silinali lodziwika.