Chotupa cha pancreatic: Zizindikiro, kuzindikira, chithandizo

• Kukongola kwa khungu
• Kupweteka kwam'mimba
• Ululu mu hypochondrium yoyenera
• Kutopa
• Khungu loyera
• Ndowe
• Zovuta
• Khungu loyera
• Mkodzo wakuda
• Kuchepetsa chidwi
• Kuchepetsa thupi
• Kutukwana
• Zofooka
• Kuchepetsa mseru

Chotupa cha pancreatic ndi chotupa chomwe chimapezeka m'dera la kapamba kapena epithelium ya minofu ya glandular. Itha kukhala yoyipa kapena yoyipa. Ndi chithandizo cha panthawi yake, chotupacho chimathandizidwa mosavuta. Ngati chithandizo sichinyalanyazidwa, zotupa zoterezi zitha kupweteka.

Ngakhale kuti nthendayi ndiofala kwambiri, zomwe zimayambitsa mawonekedwe ake sizimamveka bwino. Zomwe zimayambitsa zimatha kukhala zachilengedwe, mwachitsanzo, kusakhala bwino kwa chilengedwe kapena kulumikizana pafupipafupi ndi mankhwala oyipa. Zifukwa zachindunji nthawi zambiri sizitha kukhazikitsidwa. Koma pali zinthu zingapo zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale chotupa cha kapamba.

Pali zifukwa zotere:

Chimodzi mwazomwe zimayambitsa matendawa ndikuphwanya zakudya komanso kudya kwambiri zakudya zopanda pake. Komanso, chimodzi mwazomwe zimayambitsa matendawa zimatha kunenepa kwambiri.

Nthawi zambiri chomwe chimayambitsa kuwoneka ngati chotupa mumchira wa kapamba ndimabadwa. Ngati mwa achibale, pali ena omwe adwala matenda oncological, ndiye kuti mwayi wodziwikiratu umawonjezeka. Pangozi ndionso anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga.

Gulu

Pali zotupa zoyipa ndi zoyipa (za khansa) za kapamba.

Chotupa chovomerezeka chili ndi mitundu ingapo:

• lipoma
• michere,
• insuloma (neuroendocrine zotupa za kapamba),
• ganglioma
• neurinoma
• leiomyoma
• hemangioma
• lymphangioma
• adenoma.

Zizindikiro

Chithunzi cha kuchipatala cha chotupa chaching'ono komanso chowopsa ndichofanana. Kusiyana kwawo kokhako ndikuti chotupa chowopsa cha kapamba nthawi zambiri chimayenda ndi metastases kupita ku chiwindi.

Chithunzi chachipatala cha matendawa chimadziwoneka chokha mwa mawonekedwe amtunduwu:

• kusowa kwa chakudya
• kufooka
• kutopa,
• nseru

Chimodzi mwazomwe zimayambitsa chotupa cha pancreatic cystic ndikumverera kowawa m'deralo pansi pa xiphoid. Zowawa zimachitika mwadzidzidzi ndipo popanda chifukwa, nthawi zambiri zimakhazikika pakupuma.

Chotupa chovomerezeka m'magawo oyambawo sichinatchulepo matendawa ndipo chimatha kukhazikika. Matendawa akamakula, zizindikilo zoterezi zimayamba kuchitika.

• kuwonda mwadzidzidzi
• kuteteza khungu,
• kupweteka kwapakati pamimba,
• matenda amutu wa kapamba.

Chotupa chonyansa cha kapamba chimatha kupweteketsanso. Izi zitha kuthandizidwa ndikuwonjezereka kwake pamiyeso yayikulu, chifukwa ndi kukula kwa chotupa, ziwalo zoyandikana zimatha kukakamizidwa. Komanso chotupa chokulirapo chimatha kupondereza duct wamba wa bile, monga momwe angasonyezere izi:

• mkodzo wakuda
• kuyabwa
• ndowe
• kutuluka thukuta kwambiri
• kukopa kwa pakhungu
• kuzizira
• kupweteka m'chiwindi.

Ndi zizindikiro zoterezi, muyenera kufunafuna chithandizo chamankhwala mwachangu, osadzilanga nokha.

Zomwe zimayambitsa Pancreatic Tumors

Zomwe zimayambitsa zotupa za pancreatic sizikudziwika kwenikweni sayansi. Chifukwa chake, zinthu zowopsa zokha zomwe zingayambitse izi oncopathology ndizowunikidwa. Komabe, mpaka 40% yazinthu zonse zotupa za gland zimakhalabe ndi etiology yosadziwika.

Maselo onse amthupi amakhala ogawikana nthawi zonse ndipo amawonekera nthawi ndi nthawi omwe ali ndi mawonekedwe a DNA osweka. Pakadali pano, ma cell a immune omwe amawononga ma cell atypical amaphatikizidwanso pantchito. Ngati chitetezo chachilengedwe chikulephera pazifukwa zina, maselo osinthika amapitilizabe kugawanika ndikupereka gawo loyambira chotupa. Kuphatikiza apo, pamene akudziunjikira, amayambitsa makina apadera omwe amawalola kubisala pakulimbana ndi chitetezo chathupi. Chitetezo cha thupi chikazindikira chotupacho, mphamvu zake sizikwanira kuti zithetsedwe. Komabe, polimbana ndi matenda a thupi, mutha kukayikira zizindikiro zoyambirira za chotupacho, chomwe tidzafotokozere pambuyo pake.

Zowopsa zomwe zingayambitse kukula kwa chotupa cha pancreatic zitha kuzindikirika motere:

Pancreatitis yayitali. Mu matendawa, chitsulo chili pachiwopsezo chosalekeza, chomwe ndichomwe chimapangitsa maselo kusintha.

Matenda a chibayo.

Matenda a shuga amabweretsa chifukwa chakuti kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kumangosungidwa m'magazi, zomwe zimawonjezera chiopsezo chotenga chotupa mu gland.

Kusuta, komwe kumapangitsa kuti ischemia yokhazikika.

Zilonda zam'mimba zomwe zimakwiyitsa matumbo am'mimba. Izi, zimayambitsa kupangidwe kowopsa kwa zinthu zapoizoni zomwe zimatsogolera kukula kwa chotupa.

Zakudya zopanda pake. Chiwopsezo cha pancreatic oncopathology chikuwonjezereka ndikugwiritsa ntchito nyama yomwe yakhala ikuchitidwa kwachiwiri (masoseji, soseji, ham, nyama yankhumba, ndi zina), khofi, zakumwa zozunguliridwa ndi khofi, nyama yofiira yokazinga, ndi zakudya zokhala ndi mafuta ochulukirapo a asidi.

Matenda a Crohn, ulcerative colitis.

Matenda a thupi lawo siligwirizana.

Matenda amkamwa patsekeke (pulpitis, zotupa za mano enamel, periodontitis).

Kuzindikiritsa thupi ndi mankhwala.

Zaka zopitilira 60.

Ma oncopathologies ena a thupi (zotupa za khomo pachibelekeropo, mmero, matumbo, m'mimba, ndi zina).

Masinthidwe amtundu wa kapangidwe ka DNA.

Pancreatic chotupa mwa abale apamtima.

Kuchita opaleshoni yoyesedwa pamimba.

Matenda a kapamba, adenoma ndi pancreatic cyst amaonedwa ndi madokotala ngati mikhalidwe yovomerezeka.

Zizindikiro za zotupa za kapamba

Chizindikiro cha zotupa za pancreatic kumayambiriro kwa chitukuko cha oncopathology sichidziwonetsa.

Komabe, vuto likamakula, wodwalayo amayamba kulabadira zotsatirazi:

Zowawa ndi kutanthauzira kwa kapamba. Nthawi zina ululu umatha kukhala lamba, nthawi zina umapereka kumbuyo, kapena theka lam'mimba. Kukula kwake kumakhala kakhazikika thupi litakhazikika, ndikuchepa kwake ngati miyendo ikakanikizidwa mpaka m'mimba. Pamene chotupacho chikukula, ululuwo umakulirakulira.

Ngati chotupa chikukula m'dera la mutu wa chiwalo, ndiye kuti jaundice amadziwika kwambiri ndi odwala ambiri. Kukongoletsa khungu kumayendera limodzi ndi kuyabwa kwambiri, pomwe mkodzo umayamba kuda, ndipo ndowe zimakhala zopepuka.

Timbalimba timakhala ndi fungo la fetid; mwa kusasinthika ndimafuta ochulukirapo komanso amadzimadzi.

Kuchepetsa thupi ndi chizindikiro chofala kwambiri, chosonyeza chotupa choopsa cha kapamba. Amawonedwa mu 92% ya odwala. Kuchepetsa thupi kumafotokozedwa ndikuti njira yachilendo yonyamula mafuta m'matumbo imasokonekera, chifukwa kapamba sakhazikitsa michere yofunika pakuchita izi.

Anorexia amakula mu 64% ya odwala omwe ali ndi zotupa za mutu wa England. Chotupa chikakhala kwina m'mbali zina za thupi, matenda a anorexia amapezeka mwa 30% yokha ya odwala.

Kusoka ndi chizindikiro chakuti chotupa chadutsa duodenum kapena chatseketsa lumen pamimba.

Matenda owonjezera a shuga komanso kuwonjezereka kwa mkodzo wothiriridwa komanso ndi ludzu lalikulu ndichizindikiro cha oncopathology iyi.

Mitsempha ya Varicose ya esophagus ndi m'mimba, yomwe imayambitsa magazi amkati, siyipadera.

Nthawi zina matendawa amawonetsedwa ndi zizindikiro za pachimake cholecystitis kapena kapamba.

Zizindikiro zimayamba kuwonjezeka, kupweteka kumakulirakulira pamene matendawa akupita. Chotupacho chimakonda kuchita metastasis. Imatumiza ma cell atypical ku ma lymph node (ma node omwe ali pafupi ndi kapamba ndiomwe amakhala oyamba kukhudzidwa), kumadongosolo azizungulira (ziwalo zina zamkati zimakhudzidwa), kupita ku peritoneum (matumbo ndi ziwalo za m'chiuno zimavutika).

Kuphatikiza apo, chotupacho pachokha chimatha kukula kulowa mu ducts ya bile, m'mimba, m'matumbo akulu. Uku ndiye kotchedwa chotupa cholowera.

Pancreatic chotupa magawo

Pali magawo anayi a zotupa za pancreatic. Komabe, gawo lomwe "khansa ili m'malo" kapena gawo la zero lingathe kudziwika padera. Munthu samazindikira zizindikiro za matendawa, ndi maselo ochepa chabe a maselo omwe amatuluka. Gawoli limatha kupezeka pokhapokha mothandizidwa ndi njira zoyesera (MRI, ultrasound, CT).

Magawo akuluakulu a zotupa za pancreatic ndi awa:

Gawo loyamba lagawidwa m'malo awiri - 1A ndi 1B. Pa siteji 1A, chotupacho chimangokhala gland yokha yokha ndipo sichitha 2 cm. Ngati sichiri pafupi ndi kupita ku duodenum 12 (pamenepa, nseru ndi matenda am'mimba zimachitika kawirikawiri), ndiye kuti sipadzakhala zizindikiro za matendawa. Pa siteji 1B, chotupacho chimakulanso kukula, nthawi zina pamakhala zizindikiro za jaundice, kupweteka, nseru ndi kusanza.

Gawo lachiwiri lagawidwanso m'malo awiri - 2A ndi 2B. Yoyamba ya iwo imadziwika ndi kumera kwa chotupa m'ziwalo zoyandikira, mu ma ducts a bile, ndipo chachiwiri ndi metastasis ku dera la lymph node. Pankhaniyi, kupweteka kwam'mimba kwambiri kumatha kupezeka kale, anorexia, kusanza ndi kutsekula m'mimba.

Pa gawo lachitatu la matendawa, ziwiya zazikulu zimawonongeka (hepatic artery, great mesenteric artery, celiac trunk, portal mtsempha, mitsempha yayikulu yamatumbo ndi ziwalo zina).

Gawo lachinayi la matenda, metastases ya ziwalo zina, ngakhale kutali kwambiri, mwachitsanzo, ubongo kapena thumba losunga mazira. Zizindikiro zikukula kwambiri ndipo zimatengera zomwe ziwalo zina zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi zotupa za mwana wamkazi.

Matenda obwera ndi matenda

Zotsatira za matendawa nthawi zambiri zimakhala zovuta kwambiri. Nthawi yayitali yomwe odwala amakhala ndi chotupa chowopsa cha kapamba ndi kuyambira miyezi inayi mpaka isanu ndi umodzi. 3% yokha ya anthu amakhala zaka zisanu kapena kupitirira. Izi ndichifukwa choti chotupa cha gland chimapezeka kwambiri nthawi zambiri, ndipo odwala ambiri ndi okalamba omwe sangathenso kuchitidwa opaleshoni yayikulu. Komabe, pamene gawo la zero zero litapezeka, mphamvu ya mankhwalawo imafika 99%.

Kuzindikira chotupa cha kapamba

Kupeza zotupa za kapamba kumabweretsa zovuta zina, chifukwa zizindikiro za matendawa nthawi zambiri zimakhala zosatsutsika. Palibe zotupa zopitilira 30% zomwe zimapezeka munthu asanakwanitse miyezi iwiri.

Mayeso otsatirawa a labotale amalola kukayikira matenda a khansa:

Kuyesedwa kwa magazi konse. ESR ndi kuwerengetsa kwa mapulosi ambiri, hemoglobin ikugwa.

Kuyeza kwa biochemical magazi kukuwonetsa kuwonjezeka kwa bilirubin m'magazi, kuchuluka kwa michere ya chiwindi.

Kudziwitsa za zotupa m'magazi. Chizindikiro cha CA-19-9 chikuwonetsa kuti opaleshoni sadziwika m'mayambiriro a chotupa. Mu 50% ya odwala, chikhomo cha CA-125 chapezeka. Kwa magawo omaliza a kakulidwe ka oncopathology, mayeso a CF-15, CA-494, etc. olembera adzakhala olimbikitsa.

Njira zodziwitsira zaumisiri zimathandizira kudziwa kukhalapo kwa chotupa pakuchitika kwakukulu.

Ultrasound yam'mimba.

CT ndi MRI zimapangitsa kuti athe kuwona zotupa zosakwana 1 cm, komanso zimathandizira kuzindikira metastases.

PET imathandizira kudziwa zotupa zoyipa, ma metastase awo.

Retrograde cholangiopancreatography ndi njira yotsatsira ndipo imatha kuzindikira zotupa zopitilira 2 cm.

Kufufuza kwamtundu wotsatira ndikuwunika kwa histological kumachitika ndi diagnostic laparoscopy kapena mwachindunji pakuchita opareshoni.

Chithandizo cha chotupa cha pancreatic

Chithandizo cha chotupa cha pancreatic chimaphatikizapo kuchitidwa opaleshoni. Chifukwa cha izi, ziwalo zosinthidwa zimakhala zotsekemera. Ngati palibe ma contraindication pa opaleshoni, ndikofunikira kuti muchotse kwambiri neoplasm komanso kapamba palokha. Pankhaniyi, chikhodzodzo, chotupa cha duodenum, gawo lam'mimba ndi matumbo nthawi zambiri zimachotsedwa m'thupi limodzi ndi gland. Pakadutsa zaka 5 atachitidwa opaleshoni imeneyi, palibe odwala 25% omwe amakhala. Kuphatikiza pa kutsata kwathunthu, kukhazikikanso kwina ndi kotheka ndikotheka.

Nthawi zina, sizotheka kuchotsa chotupacho kwathunthu, koma ntchito zimachitidwabe. Cholinga chawo ndikupangitsa moyo kukhala wosavuta kwa odwala. Pachifukwa ichi, metastases imatha kuchotsedwa, kutsekeka kwa chimbudzi kapena matumbo amachotsedwa. Ndikotheka kuchotsa gawo la chotupacho kuti chisiye kukanikiza kumapeto kwa mitsempha ndipo sikumupweteketsa mtima wodwalayo.

Zokhudza chithandizo cha mankhwala a pancreatic oncopathology, chemotherapy imagwiritsidwa ntchito pazolinga izi. Cholinga chake ndikupondereza kukula kwa maselo atypical. Mankhwala omwe agwiritsidwa ntchito pacholinga ichi ndi Semustin, Fluorouracil, Streptozocin, etc. Kuphatikiza kwa mankhwala angapo ndikotheka.

Kuperewera kwa Enzymatic kumalipidwa ndi kugwiritsa ntchito kukonzekera kwa enzyme - Creon, Pancitrate, Pancrease.

Odwala onse omwe ali ndi chotupa cha pancreatic ayenera kutsatira zakudya zomwe zili ndi mapuloteni komanso mafuta ambiri mkati mwake, zomwe zingalepheretse matenda a anorexia.

Rediation radiation ingafotokozedwe musanachite opaleshoni kuti muchepetse kukula kwa chotupa, pakukhazikitsa kwake kupewa matenda obwereza, kapena ngati opaleshoniyo singatheke.

Hericium motsutsana ndi chotupa cha pancreatic

Hericium ndi bowa yemwe umamera pam stumps ndi mitengo yakufa. Mankhwala akum'mawa agwiritsa ntchito comb hericium (dzina lasayansi la bowa) kuyambira nthawi zakale. Madokotala amakono aku China amamulembera mankhwalawa kuti apewe zotupa zoyipa, monga momwe amathandizira ndi radiation kapena chemotherapy. Hericium imagwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati sikutheka kuchita opaleshoni yochotsa chotupa cha pancreatic.

Chifukwa chophatikizidwa ndi YA-2 mafuta acids, phenols, beta-glucans ndi ma polysaccharides ena mwa bowa, thupi limatha kuthandizidwa polimbana ndi oncopathology. Zinthu zomwezi zimatha kupititsa patsogolo mphamvu za chemotherapy ndi 2-7 nthawi.

Asayansi aku Japan adayesa mbewa. Makilowo adabzala ndi maselo a khansa, kenako chotupa chopangidwacho chimathandizidwa ndi hericium. Zotsatira zake, mu mbewa zina, kukula kwa chotupacho kudayima, ndipo mwa ena mwaiwo kudayamba kuchepera.

Hericium itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati ufa wa ufa, kapena ngati tincture. Mutha kugula mugulitsa pa intaneti kapena kwa herbalists (nthawi zambiri amapereka ma tinctures opangidwa okonzeka).

Njira zogwiritsira ntchito bowa ndi izi:

Sungani ufa (1 g) kapu yamadzi ofunda ndikusiya kwa maola 12. Kenako kulowetsedwa komwe kumagawika magawo atatu ndikuledzera masana, mphindi 30 musanadye.

Mutha kukonzanso chimodzimodzi, koma muzigwiritsa ntchito mokwanira mutapuma usiku wonse pamimba yopanda kanthu.

Mutha kukonzekera kulowetsedwa kwa 150 ml ya mowa wamphamvu ndi 10 g wa ufa.Kukhalitsa kulowetsedwa kotero kuyenera kukhala pamalo abwino kwa masiku 14. Pazifukwa zodzitetezera, imwani supuni ya kulowetsedwa katatu patsiku, ndi njira zochizira, tengani supuni katatu patsiku.

Njira ina yogwiritsira ntchito Hericium: mu 150 ml ya masamba kapena mafuta a maolivi, otenthetsedwa ndi madzi osamba, muyenera kuwonjezera 10 g ufa ndi kusakaniza bwino. Pambuyo pake, osakaniza amachotsedwa pamoto ndikusungidwa pamalo otentha kwa maola atatu. Kenako imasungidwa mufiriji kwa masiku ena asanu. Tengani molingana ndi chiwembu chalongosoledwa m'ndime yachitatu.

Maphunziro: anamaliza kukhala pa "Russian Science Science Oncological Center yotchedwa N. N. Blokhin "ndipo adalandira dipuloma mu" Oncologist "yapadera

10 zothandiza kwambiri za makangaza

Chinsinsi chothandiza kwambiri chomwe chimapangitsa kuti zidendene zanu zizikhala zosalala, monga mwana!

Mafotokozedwe Anatomical

Chikondamoyo ndi kachiwalo kakang'ono komwe kamakhala kumbuyo kwa m'mimba. Imagwira ntchito ziwiri zofunika:

1. Zogaya Thupi limatulutsa michere. Amathandizira pakuwonongeka kwa mapuloteni, mafuta, chakudya omwe amalandiridwa ndi chakudya. Ma Enzymes amatulutsidwa kudzera mu ndulu za chibelekochi kupita ku chimbudzi cha duodenum.
2. Endocrine. Zikondazo zimatulutsa mahomoni okhudzidwa ndi njira za metabolic. Zina mwazo ndi insulin. Mahomoni omwe amatha kutsitsa shuga m'magazi. Chofunikira china ndi glucagon. Hormoni imapereka kuchuluka kwa shuga. Zosafunikanso monga kupanga gastrin. Hormoni iyi imachulukitsa kupanga kwa madzi a pancreatic ndi gland.

Gawo lotsatira la kapamba limasiyanitsidwa mu uthupi:

Nthawi zambiri, chotupa chamutu cham'mimba chimapezeka.

Zoyambitsa matenda

Chotupa cha pancreatic, zomwe zizindikiro zake zimawonetsedwa bwino mu magawo omaliza, ndimapangidwe oyipa. Pathology ndiyofala kwambiri pa oncology. Popeza chitsulo chimakhala ndi katundu wowonjezereka. Zotsatira zake, thupi silingalimbane ndi ntchito zake zoyambira.

Zomwe zimayambitsa chotupacho m'magulu ambiri azachipatala zimakhalabe chinsinsi. Komabe, madokotala azindikira zinthu zomwe zimapereka zofunikira pakupanga maselo a khansa.

Chifukwa chake, chotupa chowopsa cha kapamba chimatha kukhazikika motsutsana ndi maziko a:

1. Kusuta. Ichi ndiye chinthu choyamba chomwe chimayambitsa chitukuko cha matenda. Ma hydrocarlic onunkhira omwe ali mu utsi wa fodya ndi othandizira mwamphamvu mu chitukuko cha chotupa. Pafupifupi 1/3 yamatenda onse a khansa ya kapamba amayambitsidwa ndi kusuta.
2. Ukalamba. Anthu atatha zaka 60 ali pachiwopsezo cha matenda.
3. Okwatirana. Malinga ndi ziwerengero, chotupa cha chithokomirochi chimapezeka kwambiri mwa amuna.
4. Matenda a shuga. Kuchuluka kwa shuga kumatha kuyambitsa khansa ya pancreatic.
5. Matenda a kapamba. Kutupa kwa nthawi yayitali nthawi zambiri kumakhala chinthu chodziwikiratu pakukula kwa matendawa. The yogwira pancreatic amasintha khalidwe la kapamba kumayambitsa kutupa. Kutuluka kwa ma enzymes ndikovuta. Madzi a pancreatic, omwe salowa m'mimba, amakhala ndi vuto lanyumba. Zotsatira zake, pancreatic parenchyma imadwala kwambiri.
6. Kunenepa kwambiri. Mavuto onenepa kwambiri komanso okhudzana ndi thupi amatha kukhala khansa.
7. Kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi. Kugwiritsa ntchito molakwika chakudya chamafuta, mafuta amayamba kulimbikitsa thupi. Zotsatira zake, chitsulo chimatha kugwira ntchito. Zakudya zokhala ndi zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba zambiri zimachepetsa chiopsezo chotupa.
8. Khalidweli. Pamaso pa abale omwe achita izi, chiopsezo chotenga khansa ya gland imachuluka kwambiri.

Zizindikiro zoyambirira za matendawa

Ndikosavuta kudziwa nthawi yomwe mavuto oyamba ndi kapamba amachitika. Zizindikiro sizingaoneke bwino mpaka isanayambike gawo 4 la oncology. Ndipo, mwatsoka, izi sizachilendo. Popeza ndi chotupa chokula chokha cha kapamba chimadzipweteka. Zizindikiro za pathology zimatsitsidwa chifukwa cha kufalikira kwa khansa ku zimakhala zina.

Komabe, pali zizindikiro zomwe zimapangitsa kuti munthu azitha kukayikira matenda poyambira. Zimadalira kwathunthu kwatsimikizidwe ka matenda.

Mavuto oyamba ndi kapamba amadziwika, Zizindikiro ndi izi:

• mutu wa oncology - kuwonda, jaundice, mafuta mu chopondapo, kupweteka kwam'mimba,
• khansa ya thupi, mchira - kuchepa thupi, kusamva bwino m'mimba.

Ziphunzitso zomwe zimayamba kumutu kwa chithokomiro zimadzipangitsa kumverera kale kuposa malingaliro a oncology omwe amapezeka m'madipatimenti ena a kapamba.

Zizindikiro zazikulu

Kwenikweni, ngati tikulankhula za chotupa cha pancreatic, zizindikiro zotsatirazi zingaoneke:

1. Epigastric ululu kusapeza. Awa ndi madandaulo oyamba a wodwala. Kulumikizana ndi zakudya, monga lamulo, sikugwiritsidwa ntchito. Ululu umakhala woipa kwambiri usiku. Mukamatulutsa ma pathologies pamutu wa tiziwalo, timakumana ndi vuto lalikulu la hypochondrium ndi navel. Ngati mchirawo wawonongeka, thupi la kapamba, wodwalayo amamva kupweteka kumbuyo, kudera lamkati. Kusakhumudwitsidwa mukasintha maudindo kumasintha kukula. Chifukwa chake, ululuwu nthawi zambiri umalakwika chifukwa cha sciatica.
2. Zizindikiro za Paraneoplastic. Wodwalayo amakhala ndi kufooka, kulephera kudya. Nthawi zambiri pamakhala kuda zakudya zamafuta, zamafuta. Wodwalayo amakana kuledzera komwe amakonda - khofi, mowa, fodya. Makhalidwe, kuchepa thupi, kusokonezeka kwa tulo, matenda a Trusso (kusuntha kwa zotumphukira kwamitsempha) ndizodziwika.
3. Chovala chowopsa. Pali compression ya bile duct. Zotsatira zake, mkodzo ndi khungu la wodwalayo limayamba kuda. Fides kuwala. Pali khungu. Ndulu imatambasulidwa kukhudza, yopweteka.
4. Vuto Losowa Chakudya. Kuchuluka kwa michere ndi bile sikulowa m'matumbo lumen. Zotsatira zake, wodwalayo amachepetsa thupi msanga. Ali ndi vuto lotsegula m'mimba.
5. Kudzimva kuti ndikulemedwa. Kuchepetsa duodenum kumapangitsa wodwalayo kumva kuti ali ndi zonse m'mimba, ngakhale ndi chakudya chochepa chomwe chidadyedwa. Kutha kubvunda. Nthawi zina kusanza chakudya kumalowetsedwa.
6. Kupuma. Ngati chotupa chikukula kudzera m'makoma am'mimba, chizindikirocho chitha kuonedwa mwa wodwala. Amadziwika ndi kusanza kwa musy wakuda misa kapena ndowe za utoto wamala.
7. Zizindikiro za hypersplenism. Amawoneka ngati chotupa chija chamezedwa ndi mtsempha wa splenic. Wodwala amakula leukopenia, kuchepa magazi, thrombocytopenia. Mwina kuwonjezeka kwa kukula kwa ndulu - splenomegaly.
8. Zizindikiro za Matenda A shuga. Ngati mabowo omwe amapanga insulin a gland awonongedwa, ndiye kuti wodwalayo amakhala ndi zomwe ali nazo. Pali ludzu lamphamvu, kuyabwa kwa khungu ndi mucous nembanemba, kamwa yowuma.
9. Ascites. Ichi ndichizindikiro chakumapeto kwa matenda. Zimawonetsa metastases mu peritoneum, portal mtsempha.

Ndikosavuta kuyitanitsa zilizonse zomwe mwapatsidwa zimayambira pa oncology. Chifukwa chake, kusapeza bwino komwe kumayenderana ndi kapamba ndi chifukwa chofunikira chofunsira dokotala.

Njira Zodziwitsira

Kungowunika kokha komwe kumatha kuzindikira chotupa.

Ngakhale kukhalapo kwa zisonyezo (zomwe zitha kukhala zokhudzana ndi matenda ena), maphunziro awa akuchitika:

1. Makina a Ultrasound. Iyi ndi njira yotetezeka komanso yophunzitsira. Kafukufuku wotereyu amakupatsani mwayi kuti muwone ngati pali njira yotupa, kusintha kosinthika kwa kapamba, momwe muliri. Kuunika kwa Ultrasound kumawonetsa chotupa chomwe kukula kwake kumaposa masentimita 2. Kuphatikiza apo, kafukufukuyu amapereka lingaliro la kuchuluka kwa echogenicity. Pa nthawi yoyesedwa, mkhalidwe wa minofu monga pancreatic parenchyma watsimikiza. Ultrasound imawulula masinthidwe ake.
2. CT. Kuunikaku kumafotokoza kukula, malo a matenda, ndi ziwalo zoyandikana. Phunziroli ndi lodalirika moyenera ngati chotupa chapezeka kuchokera ku 3 cm. Komabe, CT imalumikizidwa ndi X-ray irradiation. Chifukwa chake, nthawi zambiri simalimbikitsidwa kuti muzichita.
3. MRI. Kudziwitsa kwakukulu njirayo kumaphatikizidwa ndi katundu wochepa thupi.
4. Biopsy Ichi ndiye chizindikiritso chodalirika kwambiri cha oncology. Dera linalake la chotupacho limayesedwa kuti liunikidwe, lomwe limayesedwa mosamala ndi ma microscope. Zinthu zofunikira zimatengedwa m'njira ziwiri. Moyang'aniridwa ndi ultrasound, singano yapadera imayikidwa m'dera la chotupa. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito njira ya endoscopic. T chubu chopyapyala chapadera chimayambitsidwa mkamwa mwa wodwalayo.
5. Kuyesa kwa magazi. Mu oncology, kuwonjezeka kwazinthu zinazake kumadziwika. Komabe, izi zitha kukhala chizindikiro cha matenda ena.

Ngati khansa yapezeka ndi khansa yapezeka kale, kuzindikira kwake kumatsimikiziridwa. Komabe, kuti mupeze gawo la matendawa, kuunika kowonjezera kudzafunika: chifuwa cha x-ray, chiwindi cha ultrasound.

Chithandizo cha matenda a mtima

Matendawa ndi gawo lovuta kwambiri la oncology. Mpaka lero, madokotala sangayankhe momveka bwino momwe angachiritsire kapamba. Zovuta zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi odwala okalamba. Kuphatikiza apo, odwala ali ndi matenda ambiri ofanana. China chomwe chimapangitsa kuti mankhwalawo akhale ovuta ndi kutanthauzira kwa matenda mu magawo amtsogolo, chotupa chikakhudza ziwalo zoyandikana.

Chithandizo chachikulu ndikuchita opaleshoni yamachamba. Zotsatira za kulowerera koteroko zimatengera zinthu zambiri, zazikulu zomwe ndizo gawo la matenda.

Kugwiritsidwa ntchito, kutengera mawonekedwe, ndi njira zina zochizira:

• opaleshoni yachifundo
• mankhwala poizoniyu
• chemotherapy.

Mankhwala othandizira

Pogwira ntchito amatanthauza njira ya Will. Wodwalayo amachotsa gawo la ndulu yomwe ili ndi chotupa. Kuphatikiza apo, gawo limodzi la m'mimba, duodenum, chikhodzodzo, ndi ma lymph node omwe amakhala pafupi ndi kapamba amachitanso chimodzimodzi.

Kufunika kochotsa ziwalo zambiri chifukwa cha kutengera kwa tinthu timeneti. Zikondazo zimayandikana kwambiri ndi zimakhala zapamwambazi. Mothandizirana ndi zoterezi, chotupacho chimafalikira mwachangu ku ziwalo zapafupi. Kuchotsa kwawo kumakupatsani mwayi woletsa kukula kwa matenda.

Tsoka ilo, ndi 10-25% yokha ya odwala khansa omwe amalimbikitsidwa kuti achitidwe opaleshoni yamapazi. Zotsatira za opareshoni sizimachotsa kufa.

Nthawi yomweyo, ziwerengero zimapereka deta yotsatirayi, tikalankhula za odwala omwe ali ndi khansa ya kapamba:

1. Popanda opaleshoni, nthawi yayitali yomwe wodwala amakhala nayo imakhala pafupi miyezi isanu ndi umodzi.
2. Pambuyo pa opaleshoni, nthawi imeneyi imachuluka, kutengera gawo la matenda, mpaka zaka 1.5-2.

Opaleshoni yopanga

• khazikitsani moyo wabwino
• Chotsani kusamva bwino,
• nkhondo nkhondo zopinga
• bwezeretsani patency ya duodenum.

Pali njira zingapo zomwe opaleshoni yodwala imatha kuchitidwa. Chotupa cha pancreatic, mwatsoka, sichichotsedwa. Komabe, moyo wabwino ukusintha pang'ono.

Njira zazikulu zikuphatikiza:

1. Endoscopic stent kuyikika. T chubu kapena waya wapadera umalowetsedwa mu lumen ya duct yopapatiza. Amatambasulira bile. Chifukwa chake, kugwira ntchito kwa duct kumabwezeretseka. Bile amachotseredwa mwaulere.
2. Kukhazikitsa m'madzimo. Tanthauzo la opareshoni ndi ofanana ndi omwe adachita kale. Kuchepa chabe kwa bile sikunabwezeretsedwe, koma kumawonetsedwa kunja - m'thumba lopangidwa mwapadera.

Ma analgesics amakulolani kulimbana ndi zowawa. Ndi kusapeza bwino, wodwalayo amapatsidwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo:

Zochizira zowonjezera

Pofuna kuthana ndi matenda a pancreatic oncology, wodwala amatha kuthandizidwa ndi mitundu yotsatirayi ya chithandizo cha radiation:

• mvula ndi bremsstrahlung,
• mankhwala a gamma akutali
• kuyatsa ndi ma elekitoni othamanga.

Chithandizo cha radiation chitha kuchitika musanachitike, pambuyo pochita opaleshoni, ndipo nthawi zina m'malo mwake. Zaka zomwe wodwalayo amakhala ndi miyezi 12 mpaka 13. Ngati chithandizo cha radiation chikuphatikizidwa ndi opaleshoni yodwala, ndiye kuti nthawi yayitali yokhala ndi miyezi pafupifupi 16.

Chemotherapy imagwiritsidwa ntchito pomwe sikungatheke kuchitira chithandizo china kapena kuwonjezera zomwe zimachitika pochiritsa. Tsoka ilo, njira yotereyi imangolola kusuntha pang'ono pang'ono.

Matenda a matenda a m'matumbo

Nthawi zambiri, matendawa amakhazikitsidwa pamalo opita patsogolo. Wodwala amakhala ndi chiwonetsero chazachipatala cha chotupa chachikulu chotupa. Zotsatira za matendawa sizabwino.

Odwala amafa chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa kuledzera, cachexia, kutsekeka m'matumbo, jaundice wopatsirana komanso zovuta zina zingapo.

Pambuyo pa opaleshoniyo, kuchuluka kwa zaka zisanu kwa odwala (malinga ndi olemba osiyanasiyana) ndi 8-35%.

Kuteteza Matenda

Kodi kuchiritsa kapamba mu oncology? Tsoka ilo, izi ndizovuta. Ndipo nthawi zina zimakhala zosatheka. Ichi ndichifukwa chake kuyesayesa kulikonse kuyenera kuchitidwa kupewa matendawa.

Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kumvera malingaliro osavuta:

1. Siyani kusuta.
2. Khazikitsani zakudya zoyenera.
3. Chotsani zowononga zachilengedwe (asbestos fumbi).
4. Kuthandiza pa nthawi yake matenda: kapamba, shuga.
5. Mwakuchita mayeso mwadongosolo, makamaka pamaso pa ma cysts, olemedwa ndi chibadwa.

Osapatsa mwayi umodzi wa matenda oti mukulitse m'thupi lanu. Khalani athanzi!