Zomwe zimachitika ndi matenda ashuga kwa achinyamata komanso momwe amakhalira mukazindikira

Mu 2016, chiwerengero cha odwala matenda a shuga chinakwera kufika pa 500 miliyoni. Komabe, asayansi ambiri akunena kuti matenda ashuga ayamba kuchepa ndipo pofika chaka cha 2030 akhoza kukhala chifukwa chachikulu cha imfa.

Tiyenera kudziwa kuti mtundu woyamba wa matendawa umakhudza 10% yokha ya anthu odwala matenda ashuga, 90% yotsala imagwera mtundu wachiwiri. Amakhulupirira kuti mtundu woyamba wa matenda ashuga umapezeka kwambiri kwa odwala ali aang'ono, ndipo wachiwiri m'badwo wakale (wazaka 40 mpaka 465).

Matenda a shuga ndi matenda opusitsa kwambiri, chifukwa amatha kupezeka mosavuta. Chifukwa chake, kuzindikira koyambirira kwamatendawa kumatha kupewa chiwonetsero chovuta.

Mitundu ndi Zizindikiro Za Matenda A shuga

Matenda a shuga ndi matenda amtundu wa endocrine. Zimakula pazifukwa zazikulu ziwiri. Yoyamba imakhudzana ndi kusayenda bwino kwa ma cell a pancreatic beta. Maselo amenewa amatulutsa insulini, timadzi timene timatsitsa shuga m'magazi. Kusokonekera kwawo kumabweretsa kuti mahomoni amaleka kupanga, ndipo glucose amayamba kudziunjikira m'magazi.

Chifukwa cha kuchepa mphamvu, maselo ndi minyewa yathupi "imakhala ndi njala". Zotsatira zake, kuti akhale ndi mphamvu zokwanira, thupi limayamba kuphwanya mafuta. Zomwe zimapangidwa ndimapangidwe awa ndi matupi a ketone - poizoni, chifukwa chomwe ubongo ndi ziwalo zina za munthu zimavutikira. Amayambitsa chizungulire komanso kupweteka kwa mutu wodwala matenda ashuga.

Chifukwa chachiwiri chikukhudzana ndikumverera kwa zotumphukira kwa maselo a insulin. Pankhaniyi, maselo a beta amatulutsa timadzi tofunikira mu mulingo woyenera. Koma zolandirira m'maselo sizimamvetsetsa. Zotsatira zake, shuga, monga woyamba, amadziunjikira m'magazi a wodwala. Dziwani kuti matenda amtundu wachiwiri nthawi zambiri amakula chifukwa chokhala wonenepa kwambiri komanso wokhala ndi moyo wokhala ndi anthu achikulire.

Matenda a shuga amakhala ndi chithunzi chovuta kuchipatala, chifukwa chake, chitukuko chake, palibe chizindikiro chimodzi. Popeza mukukayikira ngati mmodzi waiwo, muyenera kufunsa dokotala, chifukwa atazindikira kuti mankhwalawo apezeka mwachangu, vuto lomwe thupi limabweretsa limayambitsa matenda. Ndipo, izi, zizindikiro zotsatirazi za shuga ndizotheka:

• ludzu losagonjetseka ndi chikhumbo chosalekeza chopita kuchimbudzi,
• kutopa, kugona, kugona tulo, chizungulire,
• matenda ammimba (mseru, kusanza, kutsekula m'mimba),
• kutupa, kutopa, kapena kupindika kwa miyendo,
• njala yosalekeza
• kuwonongeka kwa mawonekedwe (chithunzi chosalongosoka chomwe chili ndi chilema),
• kuchuluka msanga kapena kuchepa kwa thupi,
• kuthamanga kwa magazi.

Chizindikiro china cha matenda ashuga ndicho machiritso amtundu wa mabala ndi mabala.

Zomwe zimayambitsa matenda osokoneza bongo achichepere

Gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu onse a matenda ashuga amtundu woyamba amayamba pakati pa zaka 18 ndi 25. Zimayambitsidwa ndikuwonongeka kwa autoimmune kwa zisumbu za Langerhans mu kapamba. Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha kupangidwa kwa maselo a T ma antibodies kupita ku ma cell awo. Munthawi imodzimodziyo, matenda amtundu wa 2 amatha kuchitika motsutsana ndi maziko a kunenepa kwambiri komanso kupezeka kwa minofu kukana insulin.

Mtundu wapadera wa matenda ashuga kwa achinyamata ndi MODZI. Zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi kusintha kwa majini. Zimasokoneza ntchito yama cell omwe amapanga insulin.

Zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa zimakhazikitsidwa:

• achinyamata, achinyamata, akhanda ndipo ana nawonso amadwala,
• Mimba - shuga ya gestational imawonekera, imapitilira kubereka,
• achibale apafupi (makolo, agogo, abale, mlongo) ali ndi matenda amtundu wa 1 kapena 2, matenda a carbohydrate metabolism (prediabetes, metabolic syndrome),
• pa intrauterine chitukuko, mwana anali ndi hypoxia (kusowa kwa mpweya), popeza mayi woyembekezera anali kudwala matenda a mtima, mphumu ya bronchial, matenda oopsa.

Kukula kwa matendawa sikunadziwikebe molondola, chifukwa kafukufuku wamtundu wazofufuza matenda osokoneza bongo ndi osowa. Zikuwoneka kuti zimachitika m'zakumwa zilizonse zakubadwa zosakwana zaka 35.

Ndipo pali zambiri zokhudza matenda a shuga kwa ana.

Mitundu yamatenda

Mitundu 13 ya majini yapezeka yomwe ikukhudzidwa ndikuchepetsa mapangidwe a insulin. Mitundu ingapo ya matenda a shuga AYODZI adadziwika malinga ndi mtundu wa matenda a chromosome dongosolo. Chodziwika kwambiri ndi chachitatu chomwe chikuyenda pang'onopang'ono cha matendawa ndikuwonetsedwa ali aang'ono. Kusiyanitsa kwachiwiri kwa matendawa ndi kofatsa ndipo sikumayambitsa zovuta;

Mitundu yachilendo kwambiri ikuphatikiza:

• matenda ashuga obadwa kumene kapena akuchitika asanafike zaka 2,
• kuphatikiza kubadwa kwatsopano kwa kapamba,
• limachitika ndi kuwonongeka kwakamphumo, polycystosis imadziwika kwambiri,
• kusokonekera insulin kaphatikizidwe ndi ntchito za ubongo neurons,
• masinthidwe amathandizo amachepetsa kuchuluka kwa maselo ogwira ntchito, ma adipose ndi minyewa yolumikizana (steatosis ndi fibrosis) yomwe imamera m'mapamba
• chifukwa cha kuchepa kwakukulu kwa insulin, odwala amakhala ndi ketoacidosis (matupi a ketone m'mwazi ndi mkodzo) ndi nseru, kusanza, chikumbumtima chosaneneka, kununkhira kwa acetone mu mpweya wotuluka.
• matenda ashuga oyambira kunenepa kwambiri (mawonekedwe osowa kwambiri),
• ntchito yaonyamula potaziyamu ayoni m'maselo a kapamba amasintha
• Kupita patsogolo kwa matenda kumalumikizidwa ndi kuchepa kwa chiwindi.

Chifukwa cha kuperewera kwa mitundu mitundu ya ma pathologies, mawonekedwe awo azachipatala samamvetseka bwino.

Zizindikiro ndi akazi ndi abambo

Mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga AMODZI ungayambitse wachinyamata kapena wazaka 7-11. Kukula kwake nthawi zambiri sikumapereka zizindikiritso zoonekera, chifukwa chake zimapezeka mwamwayi mukamayang'ana mwana panthawi yoyesedwa kuchipatala. Nthawi zambiri chifukwa chodziwitsa ndi kulembetsa kwa amayi apakati kapena matenda abwinobwino a shuga mu trimester yachiwiri.

Mu mtundu wachitatu wa matendawa, mawonetseredwe amafanana ndi matenda amtundu 1, koma amasiyanitsidwa ndi kuyambira kosavuta kwa odwala omwe ali ndi vuto la chibadwa. Zizindikiro zake ndizambiri:

• ludzu lochulukirapo
• kutulutsa mkodzo kwambiri
• kugona kusokonezedwa
• kupindika kwa minofu ya mwendo,
• kutentha kwamoto
• kuchuluka kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi,
• kuwonda (osati nthawi zonse).

Mwa odwala ambiri akusala kudya, shuga wa m'magazi angakhalebe wabwinobwino. Izi zikufotokozera njira yofatsa yamatendawa. Mukamadya chifukwa chosowa insulini, mayamwidwe ake amakhala operewera. Kwa nthawi yayitali, kukonza kuchuluka kwamtunduwu kwa shuga, chakudya ndi mitundu yaying'ono ya mapiritsi ochepetsa shuga ndizokwanira.

Ndipo pali kupitilira kwa zizindikiro chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa maselo a pancreatic. Zomwe zimapangidwira komanso momwe zimapangidwira kuti izi zichitike sizikudziwika. Odwala ali ndi ketoacidotic zinthu zomwe zimafuna kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a insulin. Popita nthawi, zotupa zazing'ono zazing'ono komanso zazikulu zimawonekera - retinopathy (kuwonongeka kwa mawonekedwe), nephropathy (kuwonongeka kwa impso), neuropathy (kusintha kwa ziwalo zamkati, phazi la matenda ashuga).

Kusiyanitsa matenda osiyanasiyana ndi matenda am'mbuyomu

Ndizovuta kwambiri kudziwa bwinobwino osapimidwa majini, makamaka pa nthawi yomwe matendawa atapezeka. Kwa odwala matenda ashuga akulu kwambiri, awa ndi awa:

• mbiri ya banja - abale amwazi amadwala matenda a shuga,
• mawonetseredwe oyambilira sanali ogwirizana ndi ketoacidosis,
• zambiri zimakhutiritsa,
• Kunenepa kwambiri
• kusala kudya kwa glucose ndikwabwinobwino kapena kuwonjezeka pang'ono,
• kuyeserera kwa glucose kumawonetsa kukwera kwa shuga pambuyo pakuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, chikhalidwe cha shuga,
• hemoglobin wa glycated ali ndi mfundo pafupi ndi malire kumtunda kwa chizolowezi,
• insulin ndi C-peptide mkati mwa malire wamba kapena kuchepetsedwa pang'ono,
• panalibe matupi a ketone omwe anapezeka m'magazi ndi mkodzo,
• palibe ma antibodies a ma cell a pancreatic, ma enzyme, insulin,
• Kufufuza kwa majini kunavumbula masinthidwe am'madera a chromosome omwe ali ndi vuto la kupanga insulin.

Chithandizo cha matenda a shuga mudakali aang'ono

Kuchepetsa shuga m'magazi, zakudya, masewera olimbitsa thupi ndi mankhwala amagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Kwa odwala ambiri, kudya kumakhala kokwanira kusintha kagayidwe kazakudya. Zakudya zochepa zimalimbikitsidwa - zakudya zazikulu zitatu, zokhwasula-khwasula pakati pawo ndikumwa mkaka wowawasa 2 maola asanagone. Kuchokera pazakudya zomwe muyenera kusankha:

• shuga ndi zinthu zonse zomwe zilimo, ndi Stevia, systoke syophokosi ya Jerusalem ndikulimbikitsidwa ngati zotsekemera,
• zopangidwa ndi ufa woyera,
• gwero lama chakudya ndi mbewu zonse zamphesa m'madzi kapena ndi mkaka, buledi wochokera ku mitundu iwiri, zipatso zosapsa, zipatso,
• Mapuloteni amapezeka kuchokera ku nkhuku, nkhuku yopanda mafuta, mazira (1 patsiku), nsomba, nsomba zam'madzi, 2-5% kanyumba tchizi, zakumwa zozizira mkaka zopanda shuga,
• mafuta a nyama ayenera kukhala ochepa, batala ndizovomerezeka mpaka 15 g patsiku, mafuta a masamba - mpaka 25, 30-50 g mtedza kapena mbewu zimaloledwa,
• masamba ndiwo maziko azakudya, amalimbikitsidwa kuti aziwotcha, kuphika, kuphika kuchokera ku saladi zatsopano ndi mafuta a maolivi, mandimu, othandizira ndi zitsamba zatsopano,
• zoletsedwa mwamphamvu - mowa, chakudya chothina, zoziziritsa kukhosi, tchipisi, msuzi wokoma, nyama zam'chitini, nsomba ndi zipatso, zakudya zosavuta, zosunga, uchi, zisa, maswiti.

Zochita zolimbitsa thupi

Ndikofunikira kwambiri kutenga mphindi zosachepera 30 tsiku lililonse pochita masewera olimbitsa thupi, kusambira, kuyenda kapena kuthamanga. Popeza odwala ambiri ali ndi thanzi labwino, mutha kusankha zochita zamtundu uliwonse malinga ndi zomwe amakonda. Masewera osafunika amaphatikizapo kulemera.

Mankhwala

Ngati mothandizidwa ndi zakudya komanso zolimbitsa thupi sizingatheke kukhalabe ndi shuga, ndiye kuti amathandizidwa ndi mapiritsi. Odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga achinyamata, amakhala ndi njira 4 zochulukirapo zotere kuposa mankhwala omwe amakhala ndi mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga a shuga, motero amayamba kuchira ndi milingo yochepa ya Siofor, Pioglar kapena Novonorm.

Mu achinyamata, chifukwa cha zochita za ma contra-mahormoni amakulidwe (kukula, cortisol, maliseche), zotsatira za insulin zimachepa. Chifukwa chake, angafunike kuyambitsidwa kwa milingo yaying'ono ya mahomoni kuwonjezera pa mapiritsi. Izi ndizoyenera pomwe nyengo za ketoacidotic zimachitika.

Amayi oyembekezera omwe ali ndi matenda A shuga ambiri, monga pamaso pa mtundu wamatenda, ali ndi chiopsezo chochuluka kubala mwana wosabadwayo. Popeza kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa mapiritsi panthawiyi ndi contraindicated, ndi kusathandiza kwa chakudya, mankhwala a insulin ndi mankhwala. Odwala amatha kusinthidwa ndi jakisoni wa mahomoni ndi njira yayitali ya matendawo.

Onani vidiyo yokhudza momwe matenda ashuga a MODI alili:

Njira zopewera matenda ashuga mwa achinyamata

Popeza matendawa amayamba chifukwa cha kusintha kwa majini, njira zodzipetsera zake sizinakhalepo. Ngati pali milandu ya kuchuluka kwa glucose m'magazi, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti nthawi zonse azisanthula ndi endocrinologist kamodzi pachaka. Ndikofunikira kuyeserera magazi kwa glucose ndi hemoglobin wa glycated, ngakhale pakalibe zizindikiro.

Ndipo izi ndizambiri zazokhudza azimayi.

Matenda a shuga mu achinyamata amatha kuoneka ngati amtundu 1 ndi 2 matendawa, komanso matenda obadwa nawo - MODZI. Zimayambitsa kusintha kwamapangidwe a chromosomes, chifukwa cha momwe mapangidwe a insulin amasokonezeka. Pali mitundu ya asymptomatic yathunthu yomwe imapezeka ndi kuyesa kwa magazi.

Odwala ena kuubwana, unyamata kapena zaka zazing'ono amakhala ndi ludzu, kukodza pafupipafupi, kuwonda. Mayeso amtundu amafunika kutsimikizira matendawa. Nthawi zambiri, kudya, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, komanso mapiritsi ochepa ochepetsa shuga ndizokwanira kuchiza.

Kuchepetsa koteroko monga matenda a shuga m'm azimayi kumatha kupezeka motsutsana ndi maziko a kupsinjika, kusokonezeka kwa mahomoni. Zizindikiro zoyambirira ndi ludzu, kukodza kwambiri, kutulutsa. Koma matenda ashuga, ngakhale atatha zaka 50, amatha kubisika. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kudziwa zomwe zili m'magazi, momwe mungapewere. Ndi angati omwe amakhala ndi matenda ashuga?

Pali kusowa kwa erectile mu shuga m'mphindikati iliyonse, ndipo osati zaka 40, koma kale pa 25 mutha kuthana nako. Kodi kuchiritsa kusabala kwa shuga?

Kukayikira kwa matenda ashuga kumatha kukhalapo kwa zizindikiro zodandaula - ludzu, kutulutsa mkodzo kwambiri. Kukayikiridwa kwa shuga kwa mwana kumachitika pokhapokha ndikomoka. Kuyeserera pafupipafupi komanso kuyezetsa magazi kumakuthandizani kusankha zoyenera kuchita. Koma mulimonsemo, chakudya chimafunika.

Kuti mumvetsetse mitundu ya shuga yomwe ilipo, kudziwa kusiyana kwawo kungakhale molingana ndi zomwe munthu amatenga - amadalira insulin kapena pamapiritsi. Ndi mtundu uti wowopsa kwambiri?

Nthawi zambiri kubadwa kwa ana kuchokera kwa makolo omwe ali ndi matenda osokoneza bongo kumabweretsa kuti akudwala matenda. Zomwe zimatha kukhala mu matenda a autoimmune, kunenepa kwambiri. Mitundu imagawidwa pawiri - yoyamba ndi yachiwiri. Ndikofunikira kudziwa zomwe zili mu achinyamata ndi achinyamata kuti muzitha kudziwa ndikuwathandiza pa nthawi yake. Pali kuletsa kubadwa kwa ana omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga.

Kodi ndi zaka zingati pamene mayi amatengedwa kuti ndi woganiza mochedwa?

M'zaka zoyambirira za 80s, azimayi "pambuyo pake" amawonedwa ngati omwe amabereka ana pambuyo pa zaka 28, ndipo mu 90s, azimayi omwe anali ndi zaka zopitilira 35 amatchedwa "obadwa kale". Masiku ano, azimayi opitilira zaka 37 nthawi zambiri amatchedwa azimayi “ochedwa” pobala.

Ndi mwayi uti wobala pambuyo pa 40?

Ndi ukalamba, mwayi wa mkazi wokhala ndi pakati umachepa. Pambuyo pazaka 30, amatsika ndi 20%, kuyambira azaka 35 - ndi 45-50%, ndipo kuchokera wazaka 40 - pafupi 90%. Zachidziwikire, ziwerengerozi sizisonyeza kuti mwana atakwanitsa zaka 40 ndi maloto osakwaniritsidwa.

Mutha kubereka, ndipo izi zidatsimikiziridwa ndi asayansi aku North Carolina, omwe pazaka ziwiri akhala akuwunika mabanja achikulire 782. Zotsatira zake zidawonetsa kuti okwatirana 70 okha ndi omwe adalephera kubereka mwana yemwe adagonana popanda kondomu kwa zaka ziwiri. Kafukufuku wamkulu a David Danson amakhulupirira kuti okwatirana omwe akufuna kubereka mwana atakwanitsa zaka 40 ayenera kukhala oleza mtima ndikudikirira, kwinaku osayiwala zakugonana. Zotsatira zake, kulowererapo kwa ukadaulo wamakono wa kubereka kungapeweke, pokhapokha ngati pali zifukwa zomveka.

Chifukwa chiyani amayi amabereka mochedwa?

Ngati tingayerekezere momwe azimayi wazaka makumi anayi adakhala zaka 10-30 zapitazo, ndi momwe akukhalira tsopano, titha kuwona kuwonjezeka kwa moyo. Masiku ano, azimayi oterewa amakhala ndi thanzi labwino, amatha kudzisamalira, kuyendera malo olimbitsa thupi ndi spa, kuwonjezera apo, mankhwala amakono amatha kuchita zozizwitsa zenizeni. Dr. Julia Barryman amakhulupirira kuti amayi pambuyo pa zaka 40 ali okonzeka kwambiri kukhala ndi pakati, monga zachitika kale m'moyo, amakhala ndi ntchito yabwino komanso zabwino zonse.

Kodi zaka za bambo zimakhudza kutenga pakati pambuyo pa 40?

Asayansi ku Yunivesite ya Bristol adachita kafukufuku yemwe adawonetsa kuti amayi okhwima amayenera kudikirira nthawi yayitali kuti akhale ndi pakati ngati mnzake ali ndi zaka zofanana.

Chifukwa chake, zidatsimikiziridwa kuti mkazi wocheperapo kuposa wamwamuna wazaka zisanu ndi zitatu samakhala ndi pakati pambuyo pa 40 mzimayi yemwe mwamuna wake ndi mnzake kapena wochepera zaka 2-3. Ofufuza ku Britain atsimikizira izi. Adafunsa azimayi angapo omwe adawonetsa kuti mwana wawo atakwanitsa zaka 40 adabadwa kwa amuna omwe anali ocheperako zaka zingapo.

Ndi chiyani china chomwe chingasokoneze mimba pambuyo pa 40?

Zotsatirazi zimatha kusokoneza kukhala ndi pakati:

• Chakudya cholakwika.
• Kugwiritsa ntchito khofi yambiri. Ngati mumamwa makapu opitirira awiri patsiku, ndiye kuti amatha kubereka, ndi mwayi wokhala ndi vuto lotayika.
• Kumwa mowa.
• Kusuta pambuyo pa zaka 35 kumawopseza kubadwa kwa mwana wosabadwa komanso kubadwa kwa mwana wochepa thupi.
• Kukhazikika ndi chidzalo kumathandizanso kuti mwana abadwe akamakula.
• Kupsinjika. Mkazi akamakhala wamanjenje komanso wodetsa nkhawa, ndiye kuti sangakhale ndi mwana kwambiri zaka 40.

Kodi ndiyenera kufunsa thandizo kuchokera kwa madotolo?

Mkulu, akakhala kuti wadutsa kale 35, mkazi amayamba perimenopause, pamene zimakhala zovuta kwambiri kugwira masiku ovulation. Ichi ndichifukwa chake ndikofunikira kwambiri kupempha thandizo kwa dokotala yemwe angadziwe zomwe zingachitike. Mokulira, amapanga zakudya zapadera ndikupatsa mavitamini. Madokotala ena amalangiza odwala awo kuti azichita njira yacupuncture, yomwe imathandizira pakukula kwa ovulation.

Anabereka ana pambuyo pake

• Gina Davis adabereka mwana wamkazi, Alize Keshwar, wazaka 46. Patatha zaka ziwiri, amapasa adapezeka m'mabanjawo.
• Kim Basinger adabereka mwana wamkazi, Ireland, ali ndi zaka 42.
• Beverly D. Angelo wazaka 46 adabereka mapasa mothandizidwa ndi kupanga ma botolo.
• Madonna wamkulu adabereka mwana wawo wamkazi woyamba Lourdes ali ndi zaka 40, ndipo patatha zaka ziwiri mwana wa Rocco adabadwa. Atamva mphekesera zoti mayiyo akuti adzabereka mwana, nyenyeziyo yayikulu idawopseza kuti ikuyimbira mlandu, chifukwa mowaganizira amaimbidwa mlandu woti alibe ana. Mokulira, posachedwa pop diva asankha kubereka mwana wake wachitatu.

Kubadwa kwa mwana ndi mphindi yosangalatsa, ndipo zilibe kanthu kuti amayi ake ndi angati. Amayi oyembekezera "mochedwa" amafunanso kukhumba kuleza mtima komanso kusangalala. Mukhala bwino. Mukabala mwana wamwamuna wathanzi yemwe posachedwa adzafuna bedi, woyenda, mpando wamagalimoto kwa akhanda 0-13 kg ndi zina zambiri. Chifukwa chake khalani okonzekera kuti nthawi yanu yonse ipite ku cholengedwa chaching'ono. Kodi sichimwe chisangalalo chachikazi?

Zizindikiro za shuga mwa amuna momwe angazindikire matendawa adakali ang'ono

Kwa zaka zambiri osalimbana ndi ma DIABETES?

Mutu wa Bungwe: “Mudzadabwitsidwa kuti kumakhala kovuta motani kuchiritsa matenda a shuga tsiku lililonse.

Matenda a shuga amawoneka pang'onopang'ono pomwe thupi limasinthika kwambiri. Chiwerewere champhamvu sichimachezera madokotala, ilibe nthawi yokhala ndiokha. Koma, ngati mutapezeka kuti muli ndi matenda ashuga nthawi yake, zimatha kulepheretsa zovuta komanso kuti moyo ukhale wabwino.

Ndi zizindikiro ziti za matenda ashuga mwa abambo zomwe zingayang'anitsidwe ndi momwe mungazindikire matenda owopsa, tifotokoza pansipa.

Zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa

Ndikosatheka kudziwa chomwe chimayambitsa matenda ashuga mwa amuna. Mosiyana ndi azimayi, theka lolimba silimakumana ndi mavuto osasintha a mahomoni.

Mwa amuna omwe ali ndi vuto la mtundu wachiwiri, kulemera kwambiri thupi komanso moyo wosalakwika kumawonjezeredwa ku mtundu wakubadwa. Kukwanira kumadziwika chifukwa chachiwiri chotsogolera. Mtundu wachiwiri wa matendawa umakhala ndi zizindikiro zosachedwa kukhazikika ndipo umayamba pang'onopang'ono. Mwamuna amazindikira kuti akudwala mwangozi mwangozi, akuyesedwa ndi dokotala pazifukwa zina.

Ndipo mwa zomwe zimayambitsa kukula kwa matendawa mwa amuna, izi ndizodziwika:

1. Matenda amakulu osiyanasiyana a mahomoni omwe amayambitsidwa ndi majini,
2. Matenda akale omwe amakhudza kapamba,
3. Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala kwa nthawi yayitali, mankhwala,
4. Sinthani muma receptor ndi chikhalidwe cha insulin mthupi,
5. Kupsinjika komwe kunayambitsa kuperewera kwamanjenje,
6. Zaka za wodwala. Amakhulupirira kuti pazaka zonse 10 za moyo, chiwopsezo cha 5% cha matenda a shuga chimawonjezeredwa.

Mtsikana akadwala, matenda ashuga amatha kupezeka kumbuyo kwa matenda opatsirana. Ndi matendawa, ma antibodies amapangidwa omwe amatha kuwongolera zovuta zawo pa kapamba.

Matenda omwe amachulukitsa chiopsezo chanu cha matenda ashuga amaphatikizapo:

Mwa amuna, motsutsana ndi maziko a matenda a shuga, kusabala kumawonekera, ma ndala ndi retina la diso zimakhudzidwa. Ponyalanyaza zisonyezo, wodwalayo samalandira chithandizo chofunikira.

Zizindikiro zoyambira kutengera mtundu wamatenda

Endocrine pathologies amakula pang'onopang'ono ndipo alibe zizindikiro zotchulidwa. Izi ndizowona makamaka kwa matenda ashuga amtundu wa 2, pomwe omwe amayambitsa matendawa ndi onenepa kwambiri komanso moyo wosayenera.

Pali mitundu ingapo ya matenda ashuga mwa amuna:

• Mtundu 1. Matendawa ndi obadwa ndipo amadziwoneka yekha ali aang'ono. Chifukwa cha matenda am'mapapo. Insulin imapangidwa mosakwanira ndipo ma cell amayamba kufa ndi njala, kutopa kumalowa. Ndi matenda amtundu 1, zizindikilo zikuluzikulu ndizopanda pake komanso ludzu losatha, lomwe munthu amakhala nalo chifukwa cha ziwalo zowuma. Odwala a Type 1 amadalira insulin.
• Mtundu 2. Odwala matenda ashuga. Matendawa amawonekera patatha zaka 50 - 60. Mwamuna kwa nthawi yayitali samazindikira zizindikirocho, akumaziphatikiza ndi matenda ena oyanjana. Mtundu wachiwiri, kapamba amagwira ntchito molondola ndikupanga insulini yofunikira. Koma maselo samazindikira timadzi tambiri, glucose ndi insulin zimadziunjikira m'thupi. Koma nthawi imodzimodzi, minofu imamva njala, imatha kugwira ntchito.

Komanso kusiyanitsa mtundu wa shuga wa autoimmune mwa amuna. Matenda a shuga a LADA amadziwika ndi kupanga kwa ma antibodies m'thupi laimuna omwe amalimbana ndi maselo a insulin. Mchitidwewu ndi wofanana ndi mtundu woyamba wa shuga, koma ndi waulesi kwambiri. Zizindikiro ndizofanana ndi matenda amtundu wa 2. Mwamuna amatha kulemera, kutupika kwa malekezero akuwonekera.

Chochepa kwambiri ndi mtundu WAMAKATI a matendawa. Matendawa amakula mwa anyamata, koma ali ndi zizindikiro zonse za mtundu 2. Amayambitsidwa ndi nthenda yokhala ndi maselo ochepa a beta m'thupi la wodwalayo.

Ndi matenda amtundu wa 1 komanso a 2 matenda a shuga, Zizindikiro zake ndizovuta, ndipo wodwalayo akapita kwa dotolo, mulu wonse wa zovuta zam'mimba umawululidwa. Koma ngati mutayang'anira thupi lanu mosamala, mutha kuzindikira zofunikira zazikulu zomwe zimapezeka ndi matenda amtundu wa 2 komanso mtundu wa 2:

1. Pakamwa pakamwa ndi ludzu losalekeza. Chizindikiro chake chimakulirakulira m'mawa pamene mucosa wamlomo amakhala wowuma kwambiri,
2. Kukakamira pafupipafupi kukodza, kusakhazikika kumachitika m'njira yonyalanyazidwa,
3. Kutupa ndi kuyabwa kwa mucous nembanemba, khungu ndi kuyabwa kwa khungu, redness imawonedwa,
4. Potengera komwe kuli ma microcracks, mucous nembanemba amakhudzidwa ndimatenda oyamba ndi fungus,
5. Zilonda zimawonekera pakhungu: zithupsa, hydradenitis, carbuncle,
6. Ndi mtundu 1, kulemera kumatsika kwambiri, ndi mtundu 2, mwamunayo amayamba kunenepa.
7. Magwiridwe agwera, kutopa, kugona,
8. Minofu imalephera kamvekedwe kake.

Ngati bambo ali ndi chizindikiro chimodzi kapena zingapo zoyambirira nthawi imodzi, ndikofunikira kukayezetsa ndikusanthula shuga. Mkulu wa glucose akachulukira, katswiriyo amamuwunikiranso mayeso a ziphuphu.

Zizindikiro zachiwiri za mtundu woyamba komanso wachiwiri

Amuna ambiri sathamangira kukayezetsa, chifukwa amati alibe nthawi. Zizindikiro zoyambirira za matenda ashuga sizimadziwika. Matendawa amapita patsogolo ndipo amakhudza mtima wamitsempha, ziwalo za genitourinary system, m'mimba komanso khungu.

Zizindikiro zachiwiri zimawonjezeredwa pazizindikiro zazikulu mwa amuna:

• Mapazi akumwetulira, miyendo nthawi zambiri imayamba,
• Mapazi amayamba kuzimiririka, gawo lakumverera limatayika,
• Maso amatsika, wodwalayo amadandaula za imvi pamaso pamaso, kuzimiririka kwakanthawi,
• Zilonda zimawoneka pamapazi osachiritsa kwa nthawi yayitali. Madera omwe akhudzidwa amayamba kuvunda, ming'alu imakhazikitsidwa mozungulira
• Zambiri zimatupa, zimapweteka. Edema sapumira ngakhale atapuma maola angapo,
• Kugonana kumavulala.

Ubwenzi wopanda mphamvu ndi matenda

Poyamba matendawa, mwamunayo samakumana ndi mavuto amtunduwu. Zizindikiro zoyambirira za impso:

1. Kutupa kwamadzulo madzulo,
2. Kukodza pafupipafupi.

Mwa munthu amene akudwala matenda amtundu wachiwiri, kusabala kumatha kuonekera modzidzimutsa; kufikira kanthawi kena, mwamunayo sanakumane ndi mavuto amiseche. Ndi mtundu 1, odwala amakhala ndi vuto la kugona, koma ngati malingaliro a akatswiri atsatiridwa, ndiye kuti mavuto osasangalatsa amatha kupewedwa.

Zomwe zimayambitsa kusokonezeka kwa kugonana ndi shuga wambiri wamwazi.

Ngati simukulamulira kuchuluka kwa shuga, ndiye njira zotsatirazi zimapita patsogolo mu genitourinary system:

1. Glucose amawononga mathero amtsempha omwe amachititsa potency. Erection imachitika mwachisawawa kapena sizimachitika konse. Kugonana kwathunthu sikugwira ntchito.
2. Mosadziwa kwa bambo, matendawa amakhudza mtima wamitsempha. Atherosulinosis imakulitsidwa mwa wodwala. Cholesterol plaques amapanga minofu yam'mimba. Kudutsa gawo la lumen, zolengeza sizilola magazi kutuluka kwathunthu. Ndikosatheka kudzaza matupi am'madzi ndi magazi; erection samachitika.

Mavuto amisala omwe amaphatikizidwa ndi kukokoloka kwa erectile

Mavuto omwe ali ndi potency mwa amuna amayambitsa zovuta zosiyanasiyana zamaganizidwe. Kudzidalira kumagwa, kudzidalira kumatha. Izi ndizowononga kugonana. Mwa munthu, kukopa kumachepa, moyo wogonana umadutsa njira.

Poyerekeza ndi zovuta zamavuto am'maganizo, zizindikiro zimawonekera:

• Kusakwiya
• Kuda nkhawa
• Kusokonezeka kwa minofu
• Zapanikizika,
• Mbale za psychogenic nausea
• Mavuto ogona
• Zosangalatsa pamtima.

Pazizindikiro zoyambirira za kukanika kugwira ntchito, wodwalayo ayenera kupita kwa endocrinologist ndi psychologist. Pokhapokha pomaliza, madokotala azindikira chomwe chimayambitsa vuto. Osazengereza kupita kwa adotolo, popeza njira zina mthupi la bambo sizisintha.

Chithandizo ndi kupewa

Ndikosatheka kuchiritsa matenda amtundu wa 1 ndi mtundu wachiwiri, chifukwa, atazindikira kuti adokotala, adokotala akuwuzani kuti azitha kukonza mankhwalawo. Kupewa kumathandiza kupewa zovuta komanso matenda ena. Ndipo izi zidzakulitsa kwambiri moyo wamunthu.

1. Wodwala matenda amtundu wa 1 amafunikira kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala okhala ndi insulin nthawi zonse.
2. Magazi a shuga m'magazi amayang'aniridwa nthawi zonse. Kuwunikira kumakhala kosavuta ndi mita ya shuga wamagazi ndi mizere yapadera.
3. Kusiyidwa kwa zakudya zokhala ndi shuga kuchokera kuzakudya, kuchepetsa kumwa kwa zakudya zopatsa mphamvu.
4. Zochita ndi zolimbitsa thupi.
5. Kuchepetsa thupi, kusiya zizolowezi zoipa: Kusuta fodya, kumwa mowa.

Magazi a shuga m'magazi amayang'aniridwa kangapo patsiku. Masana, imadziwika ngati 4.5-6.7 mmol / L, madzulo, 5.6-7.5 mmol / L.

Ndi mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga, ndikokwanira kuti bambo achepetse thupi ndikusintha zakudya zomwe ali nazo. Ngati zakudya sizothandiza, ndiye kuti mankhwala ndi omwe adayikidwa.

M'malo momaliza

Zizindikiro za matenda ashuga mwa amuna zimapitilira mosazindikira, ndipo poyambira, kukweza pang'ono komanso pakamwa pouma sikuyambitsa chidwi chofuna kuwona katswiri. Koma kuchuluka kwa mtima wamagazi kumakhudza mtima, mtima komanso matupi ena a thupi.

Matenda a shuga opatsirana mwa amuna, omwe amakhala oopsa kwambiri, popeza kale ali ndi vuto la erectile kukanika ndipo vuto la malingaliro limayamba motsutsana ndi maziko ake.

Ndikosatheka kuchiritsa matenda a shuga amuna amtundu woyamba 1 ndi mtundu wachiwiri, koma ngati mutazindikira matendawo munthawi yake ndikukupatsani chithandizo chamankhwala, ndikotheka kukhalabe ndi moyo wabwino.

Mtundu Woyamba: Zinthu

Matendawa amakula nthawi zambiri ali aang'ono. Amapezeka mwa ana ndi akulu osakwana zaka 20. Popita nthawi, matenda amtundu wa 1 mwa wachichepere amatha kulowa mu mtundu 2. Mtundu woyamba wa matendawa ndi wodalira insulini. Ndiye kuti, wodwalayo amapatsidwa jakisoni wa insulin. Chifukwa cha izi, ndi matenda ashuga mwa akazi omwe akuyenda mwanjira iyi, palibe zoletsa pakudya.

Kukula kwa mtundu 1 kumalumikizidwa ndi pathological autoimmune process yomwe imachitika mthupi. Kukula kwa matendawa kwa atsikana kwanthawi yayitali ndi asymptomatic. Chifukwa cha njirayi, maselo a beta a kapamba omwe amapanga insulin amawonongeka. Zotsatira zake, palibe chomwe chimatulutsa ndipo chimakhala chofunikira kuchilowetsa kuchokera kunja, ndi jakisoni.

Chosasangalatsa cha matendawa ndikuti zisonyezo zoyambirira mwa atsikana zimayamba kuwonekera pokhapokha 80% ya maselo a beta kapena kupitirira kale awonongedwa. Chifukwa chake, amapezeka mochedwa. Kuchiza matendawa, ngati kumachitika mwa njira yodalira insulin, ndizosatheka. Palibe njira zomwe zapangidwa zomwe zitha kuyimitsa kuwonongera kapena kubwezeretsa maselo a beta.

Mtundu wachiwiri: mawonekedwe

Kukula kwa matenda ashuga amtundu wa 2 kumachitika mwa amayi. Nthawi zambiri, anthu opitilira 40 amawonekera. Ikhozanso kupezeka ndi 60 komanso 70. Mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga, maselo a beta amagwira ntchito pafupipafupi. Matendawa amakula chifukwa azimayi omwe amapanga insulin amagwira ntchito bwino ndipo sangathe kumanga insulin. Chifukwa cha izi, chizindikiro cha kuchepa kwa insulin chimatumizidwa ku ubongo nthawi zonse.

• Kuwonetsedwa koyamba pambuyo pa zaka 40 kumachitika chifukwa chakuti ndi zaka, mphamvu ya zolandilira imachepa,
• Nthawi zina chomwe chimayambitsa matendawa pambuyo pa 50 ndi onenepa kwambiri. Ma receptor amapezeka makamaka mu minofu ya adipose. Ndi zochulukirapo, awonongedwa ndi kuwonongeka,
• Kukhazikika kwa chibadwa cha mtundu wachiwiri kumatsimikiziridwa. Ndiye wobadwa,
• Kuperewera kwa zolimbitsa thupi, zikhalidwe za azimayi ambiri atatha zaka 40. Chifukwa kulimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse ndiye njira yayikulu yopewa matenda ashuga mwa akazi,
• Zizolowezi zoyipa - mowa, kusuta, nthawi zambiri ndizomwe zimayambitsa kuperewera kwa metabolic. Amayambitsa vuto lalikulu kwambiri atakula. Chifukwa chake, kupewa kwina kofunikira mwa akazi ndiko kukana zizolowezi zoyipa.

Wodwala akakhala ndi matenda ashuga a 2, kuchuluka kwa shuga kwa magazi kuyenera kupitilizidwa pa 5.5. Zomwe zimayambitsa matenda ashuga mwa akazi sizimatheka nthawi zonse. Anthu onse opitilira 40 amalangizidwa kuti azitha kuyeza shuga osala kudya. Osachepera kamodzi pachaka, muyenera kuyesa mayeso okhudzana ndi shuga. Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri kwa iwo omwe ali ndi vuto lobadwa ndi matendawa (i.e., omwe abale awo ali ndi zizindikiro zoyambirira, matenda a shuga mellitus omwe, zomwe zimafotokozedwa pansipa).

Zizindikiro

Anthu ambiri amafunsa, kodi ndizizindikiro ziti zoyambirira za matenda mwa munthu? Zizindikiro mwa akazi pambuyo pa zaka 40 - 50 ndizodziwika. Koma anthu ochepa amalabadira zoyamba za matendawa, chifukwa chake odwala nthawi zambiri amatembenukira kwa dokotala wokhala ndi matenda omwe adakula. Koma momwe wodwalayo angazindikire mofulumira zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a shuga ndikuyamba kulandira chithandizo ndi dokotala, ndiye kuti akuchira msanga kapena kuchotsedwa kwa nthawi yayitali (akafika pamatenda a mtundu wachiwiri).

Pochizira mafupa, owerenga athu adagwiritsa ntchito DiabeNot bwino. Kuwona kutchuka kwa malonda, tidaganiza zoperekera chidwi chanu.

1. Kufooka ndi kutopa ndi chizindikiro choyamba mwa akazi,
2. Zizindikiro zoyambirira zitatha zaka 50 ndikuyamba kudya thupi ndi kugona kumapeto kwa chakudya (izi zikachitika mutatha kudya zakudya zopatsa mphamvu, ndiye kuti palibe chodandaula, koma mukatha kudya nthawi iliyonse mumakhala ndi vuto la matenda ashuga mwa akazi),
3. Zizindikiro za matenda ashuga mwa akazi azaka makumi asanu, komanso m'badwo wina - thukuta, ziwalo zopukutira ndi ludzu, zomwe zimakhala zosatha,
4. Polyuria ndi kukodza pafupipafupi - Zizindikiro mwa azimayi atatha zaka 40, kuchuluka kwamkodzo komanso kukoka pafupipafupi,
5. Amadumphira kuthamanga kwa magazi, matenda oopsa - zizindikiro za matenda ashuga mwa akazi azaka makumi asanu.

• Zizindikiro za matenda ashuga mwa akazi, zithunzi zomwe zimafotokozedwazo, ndi matenda apakhungu.Awa ndi ma furunances, zotupa za mafangasi m'thupi,
• Chizindikiro cha chiwonetsero cha matenda ashuga mwa atsikana ndichakumwa wamkazi. Khungu loyenda pakhungu limathanso kulowa,
• Zizindikiro zam'maganizo zilinso. Amatha kukhala amantha kwambiri, kukwiya, kugona, kukhumudwa,
• Zina zomwe zadziwika ndi matenda a shuga ndi mutu, kuwonda m'mutu (koyanjana kapena kosagwirizana ndi matenda oopsa),
• Mtundu wina wamomwe shuga imawonekera mwa anthu koyambirira ndikusinthasintha kwa kulemera kwa thupi. Zonsezi ndizowopsa koma zosatheka, komanso kutayika,
• Zizindikiro zapadera mwa akazi ndi kupezeka kwa zokonda zakunja mkamwa, nthawi zambiri, kulawa kwazitsulo.

Ngati mumanyalanyaza zizindikiro zoyambirira za akazi patatha zaka 50, ndiye kutengera ndi kupitilira kwa matendawa, zovuta zazikulu zimatha. Zizindikiro za matenda ashuga azimayi pakhungu zimayamba kutchulidwa - ming'alu yopweteka komanso yopanda mafuta imawoneka pamapazi. Kuchulukitsa mwamphamvu ngakhale kuwonongeka pang'ono pakhungu ndi chizindikiro china mwa azimayi ochepera zaka 30, komanso azimayi achikulire.

Amakhala ndi matenda ashuga komanso zizindikiro zazikulu kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, kuwonongeka kwa mawonekedwe. Njirayi imasinthidwanso koyambirira. Matenda a shuga amakhalanso ndi matendawo. Ntchito yosefera kwamanja imachepa. Madzi amalowa m'thupi ndipo amatupa. Zotsatira zake, kuchuluka ndi kulemera kwa thupi kumachuluka. Komabe, yankho lolondola kwambiri ku funso loti ndi zizindikiro ziti zamatendawa ndizolumpha lakuthwa m'magazi a shuga.

Mlingo wa Glucose: Mwanthawi zonse

Chizindikiro chachikulu mwa azimayi ochepera zaka 30 ndicho kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Mwazi wa magazi uyenera kukhala wofanana ndipo uyenera kukhala pafupifupi 5.5 mmol pa lita imodzi kapena zochepa ngati shuga amaperekedwa pamimba yopanda kanthu. Poyesedwa kwa shuga m'magazi, chizolowezi sichimadalira jenda, koma njira zobereka.

• Mwazi wamagazi pakaperekedwa kuchokera m'mitsempha, ngati umayezedwa pamimba yopanda kanthu, siupitilira 7.0,
• Mwazi wamagazi akamatuluka kuchokera pachala pamimba yopanda kanthu ndipo thupi limakhalapo pang'ono limachepa pang'ono - kuyambira 3 mpaka 5 - 5.5.

Kukhazikika kwa shuga m'magazi ndikofunikanso kuti mudziwe matenda. Magazi a shuga pambuyo pa zaka 50 ndi kufikira m'badwo uno ndiabwino kwambiri. Tebulo lomwe lili pansipa likuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa glucose omwe ali m'thupi nthawi iliyonse.

Kudalira kwa shuga m'thupi

Kupima shuga ndi njira yabwino yodziwira matenda anu a shuga. Zowonjezera zilizonse pazomwe zikuwonetsedwa patebulopo zimatha kunena kuti pali matenda a shuga, Zizindikiro zomwe sizinawonekere. Koma ngakhale munthu atakhala ndi matenda ashuga a 2, muyeso wamagazi amayenera kupitilizidwa pamlingo uwu.

Koma ndikofunikira kukumbukira kuti ngakhale shuga wambiri pakatha zaka 50 wafika pa 5.9, amatha kukwera mpaka 7 atayezedwa atatha kudya. Chifukwa chake, langizo lalikulu la momwe mungazindikire matenda a shuga ndikuwunikira pamimba yopanda kanthu. Muyeneranso kukayezetsa magazi a matenda ashuga. Kuti mumve zambiri pazizindikiro za matenda ashuga mwa azimayi zomwe zingachitike komanso momwe mungapewere matenda ashuga, onani kanema pansipa.

Kupewa

Kupewa kwakukulu kwa matenda ashuga mwa akazi ndi abambo ndikulimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse. Ndi iwo, shuga kuchokera ku chakudya amawotchedwa. Amathandizanso kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi a shuga ngati chakudya chasokonekera pang'ono.

Kupewa matenda a shuga kwa atsikana ndikosatheka popanda kusiya zizolowezi zoyipa zomwe zimaphwanya kagayidwe kazomwe zimayambitsa zovuta za endocrine - kusuta fodya komanso mowa. Popeza azimayi amatenga matenda ashuga kuposa abambo, izi ndizofunikira. Makamaka pochitika kuti wina wachibale adadumpha m'magazi a shuga.

Malangizo omwewo amagwiranso ntchito kwa iwo omwe akudwala kale. Ngati wodwala ali ndi matenda amtundu wa 2, kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kumatha kukhalabe koyenera pogwiritsa ntchito njira zomwezo popewa komanso pakudya.

Kuwonetsedwa kwa matenda ashuga mu achinyamata

Dongosolo la endocrine laumunthu ndimapulogalamu ovuta, osanjika osiyanasiyana omwe ali ndi kusintha kosiyanasiyana m'njira zosiyanasiyana zolimbitsa thupi. Chifukwa chake, pakati pa madandaulo osiyanasiyana a wodwala ndi zizindikiro za matendawa, ndikofunikira kuti muthe kuzindikira zomwe zimayambitsa zomwe zimayambitsa matenda asanayambike. Nthawi zambiri mavuto okhala ndi ziwalo za endocrine nthawi zambiri amakhudzana ndi achikulire, koma pazaka zana ndi theka zapitazi, matendawa amakhala "ochepa" kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri kuzindikiridwa monga matenda a shuga kumachitika kale muunyamata, ndipo ngakhale muubwana. Kufulumira kwa vutoli ndikokwera kwambiri, makamaka pakati pa atsikana achinyamata. Chiwerengero cha achinyamata omwe akudwala matenda a shuga chikuwonjezeka chaka chilichonse.

Zomwe zimachitika

Choyambitsa chibadwa chimakhala ndi tanthauzo lodziwika bwino la matenda ashuga. Zadziwika kale kuti kupezeka kwa matenda ashuga kumatsimikiziridwa 80%. Udindo waukulu mu izi umapezanso chakudya. Kuthamanga kwa chakudya chamagulu am'mimba m'zakudya zaunyamata mosavomerezeka kumabweretsa kutsika kwa masitolo a insulin, dziko la hyperglycemia. Zakudya zotere zimapezeka mosavuta, sizifunikira kuphika, zimawoneka zokongola.

Zachidziwikire, ana tsopano amamwa zakumwa zingapo za kaboni wokhala ndi shuga ambiri, tchipisi, othandizira, zoseweretsa, maswiti. Kuphatikiza pa chakudya chamafuta, zinthu zonsezi zimakhala ndi utoto, mankhwala osungira, othandizira, zonunkhira zowonjezera, zomwe zimapereka gawo lochulukirapo pazakudya zam'mimba, chiwindi, impso, komanso, zikondamoyo zimagwira ntchito kwambiri.

Chakudya chopanda thanzi, kupsinjika mtima, matenda opatsirana, kuvutika kwamalingaliro, komanso, ngati pali cholowa chabadwa - zinthu zonsezi zimadzetsa chiwonetsero cha matenda ashuga kale mukamakula.

Zizindikiro za matendawa

Zizindikiro za matendawa zimayamba kuoneka ngakhale asanafike zaka khumi. Nthawi zambiri, zizindikiro za matenda ashuga zimadzimva mu unyamata kuyambira zaka 12 mpaka 16, mwa atsikana - kuyambira 10 mpaka 14. Tiyenera kudziwa kuti nthawi imeneyi imakhala ikukonzanso thupi, ziwalo zonse ndi machitidwe ake zimasinthana ndi mahomoni.

Ndiye chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kuyang'anitsitsa thanzi la achinyamata, kuti muwone zonse zachilendo pakusintha kwa boma, kuti musaphonye zizindikiro zoyambirira za matendawa.

1. Polydipsia ndi ludzu lamphamvu, mwana amamwa madzi ambiri mosiyanasiyana.
2. Nocturia - kukodza pokonzekera usiku. Mwana akamakodza usiku nthawi zambiri kuposa masana;
3. Kuchulukitsa chilakolako. Ana amadya bwino komanso kudya kwambiri, ndi zizindikiro za kuchepa thupi, nseru, komanso nthawi zina kusanza.
4. Kuyabwa kwamitundu. Makamaka mkhalidwe kwa achinyamata kuposa ana ang'ono. Chizindikiro ichi chimalumikizidwa ndikuti glucose amawonekera mkodzo wa wodwala yemwe ali ndi matenda ashuga, pH ya mkodzo imasinthika, imakwiyitsa mucous membrane wamkati, komanso khungu la perineum.
5. Kuchepetsa kugwira ntchito, kutopa, kusakhazikika pamalingaliro: Mphekesera zakukwiyitsa zimasinthidwa ndi ulesi, kusayang'anira, kulira.
6. Zilonda zapakhungu zotupa zomwe ndizovuta kuchiza. Zizindikirozi zimakhudzana ndi mfundo yoti matenda a shuga amachititsa kuti mkodzo asakhale ndi asidi wokhazikika pazokha, komanso khungu. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda titafalikira mosavuta, nichulukana pamwamba pa khungu, ndipo khungu limayamba.
7. Nthawi zambiri, matenda a shuga amaphatikizidwa ndi chizindikiro cha matenda a kupuma: bronchitis, chibayo.
8. Wachinyamata amatha kununkhira acetone kuchokera mkamwa mwake, mkodzo amathanso kumva fungo lomweli.

Makolo, achibale ayenera kuyang'anira kwambiri thanzi la achinyamata panthawi yomwe akutha msinkhu, makamaka atakula. Matenda amtundu wa endocrine amatha kutengedwa ngati kukonzanso kwa thupi, ndipo zizindikirazo zidzadziwika chifukwa cha ukalamba.

Zofunika! Chiwopsezo chotengera zizindikiro za matenda omwe amayamba ndi matenda ashuga kutha kutha msanga. Izi zimatha kutha nthawi yayitali komanso kulandira chithandizo mosayembekezereka.

Zotsatira za matenda osokoneza bongo pakubwera kwa achinyamata

Monga taonera pamwambapa, kutha msambo kumadziwika ndi ntchito yayikulu ya endocrine system yonse. Kukula kwa matenda ashuga nthawi imeneyi kumatha kubweretsa zotsatirapo zosiyanasiyana.

1. Kutsika kwa kukula kwa mwana, monga chotengera, kuchedwetsa Kukula kwakuthupi. Izi ndichifukwa choti kusowa kwa insulini m'magazi kumabweretsa "kufa ndi njala" m'thupi, njira zowonongeka m'maselo zimadalirana ndimapangidwe, minofu yam'mafupa ndi minyewa siyimakula, ndipo timadzi tambiri tomwe timapanga.
2. Atsikana atha kusokonezeka ndi kusamba kwa msambo, kusowa kwa msambo, kuchulukitsa kuyamwa mu perineum, matenda oyamba ndi ziwalo zoberekera.
3. Zilonda zolimba za khungu zimapitilira.
4. Kuphwanya kwakakhazikika kwa thupi kumayambitsa kusakhazikika kwa malingaliro, kumapangitsa kusinthasintha kwa malingaliro kwa achinyamata mu timu.
5. Matenda oyenda osiyanasiyana a ziwalo ndi ma khunyu (pulmonary, matenda a impso) amachepetsa chitetezo cha mthupi, zimapangitsa kuti thupi lizigwirizana.

Likukhalira bwalo loipa. Njira yotulukirayo iyenera kufunidwa pokhapokha pothandizidwa ndi katswiri - endocrinologist yemwe adzayankhe moyenera, ndipo ngati ali ndi matenda ashuga, ndiye kuti akuyenera kulandira chithandizo chokwanira.

Chithandizo cha matenda ashuga

Malangizo oyenera amathandizidwa ndi amodzi okha ndi endocrinologist atapenda mozama, mbiri yachipatala, madandaulo, ndikuphunzira za matendawa. Sipangokhala kukonza kwachipatala, komanso zakudya, kugawidwa kwa kupsinjika kwakuthupi, kwamalingaliro.

Choyamba, ndikofunikira kukhazikitsa mtundu wanji wa matenda ashuga wachinyamata: wodalira insulin kapena wodziimira payekha. Kutengera izi, mankhwala othandizira amakonzekera. Njira yodziwika bwino yodziwira chithandizo imaphatikizapo mfundo zotsatirazi.

1. Kukhazikitsidwa kwa mankhwala okwanira: ngati mawonekedwe a insulin - ngati mungathe kusintha insulin tsiku lililonse, ngati kuli kotheka, sinthani magazi shuga mothandizidwa ndi ma hypoglycemic othandizira - kusankha mankhwala oyenera ndi njira yawo.
2. Malangizo a chakudya komanso kakonzedwe ka chakudya. Kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamafuta chamagetsi kuti chovomerezeka. Kuchotsera zakudya zogulira mwachangu. Zinthu zomwe zili ndi zowonjezera zamafuta. Mawu oyamba azakudya zomwe zili ndi mavitamini ambiri, kufufuza zinthu, ulusi, osakwiyitsa m'mimba. Izi ndi zinthu monga tirigu: zakudya zopaka bwino, oat, chimanga, tirigu, zipatso zambiri, masamba osaphika ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana yophikira. Kuchotsera nyama zamafuta, nsomba, yokazinga, zokometsera, zakudya zamchere.
3. Kuwongolera zizindikiro za kusakhazikika kwa malingaliro, kuchedwa kwa chitukuko chakuthupi, masewera ndizofunikira.

Kuzindikira matenda ashuga si chiganizo konse. Mukazindikira ndi kulandira chithandizo moyenera panthawi yomweyo, kubwezeretsa kwathunthu ndi moyo wapamwamba kumatsimikizika.