Matenda a mtima a Atherosclerotic: zimayambitsa, dongosolo la mankhwala ndi zotsatira zake

Matenda a mtima a Atherosclerotic - Uku ndikusintha kwa pathological kwamisempha m'mitsempha yama coronary komwe kumachitika chifukwa chakuwunika kwa kuwala kwawo kuti kumalize kutsirizika chifukwa cha mapangidwe a cholesterol. Zotsatira zakusintha pamwambapa kwa mitsempha ya coronary ndiko kulepheretsa kwa minofu ya mtima ndipo, chifukwa chake, kuphwanya ntchito zoyambirira za mtima.

Mwamwayi, matenda a mtima a atherosselotic ndi a m'gulu la matenda a mtima omwe amapita patsogolo, motero, mulingo wodziwitsa za matendawa pakadali pano uli wokwera kwambiri. Ngakhale izi, malingana ndi ziwerengero zamdziko lapansi, chiwopsezo chachikulu cha kufa kwa pachimake coronary syndrome, chomwe ndi chiwonetsero chachikulu cha zotupa za atherosulinotic m'mitsempha yama coronary.

Chifukwa chake, matenda a mtima a atherosulinotic ndi mawu ophatikiza onse omwe amaphatikiza matenda onse a mtima, omwe amachokera pakuphwanya magazi m'magazi a coronary.

Zomwe zimayambitsa Matenda a Mtima wa Atherosselotic

Popanga matenda a mtima a atherosulinotic, komanso zotupa zamtundu wa atherosselotic za kutengera kwina, kuphatikiza kwa zinthu zosasinthika komanso zosasinthika zomwe zimapezeka kwa wodwala ndizofunikira kwambiri. Zachidziwikire, munthu sangachotsere chibadwa chamtunduwu kuti atukutse zotupa za atheroscrotic, komabe, kusintha kwamachitidwe mu mawonekedwe a kusuta kufinya, kutsatira zakudya zamafuta, kuchepa kwa shuga wamagazi, kuchepa thupi, kumachepetsa kwambiri ngozi yakufa chifukwa cha kuvulala kwamphamvu kwa coronary.

Chifukwa chake, kuphatikiza kwa zinthu zomwe zimawonetseratu, kumakhala kuchuluka kochuluka kwa zigawo za cholesterol mu kuchuluka kwa mitsempha ya coronary. Gulu lonse la akatswiri amtima ndi lingaliro loti matenda a mtima opatsirana popanda hypercholesterolemia sangathe, chifukwa cholesterol ndiye gawo loyambira la atherosulinotic plaque.

Zizindikiro za matenda a mtima

Poganizira zosankha zamankhwala zamatenda a mtima wamatenda, tiyenera kuwerengera kuti koyambirira kwa chitukuko, matenda awa ndi asymptomatic kwathunthu. Zizindikiro zamatenda a pathognomonic zimangokhala pokhapokha pakufupika kwa kuwala kwa mkati mwa chotupa cham'mimba ndipo kumawonekera mwa kuwonekera kwa kugunda kwamtundu wa Cardialgia kapena angina pectoris, mtima wosalephera, komanso kulephera mwadzidzidzi kwa matenda.

Choyimira chachikulu cha matenda a pathognomonic pakukula kwa matenda a mtima a atherosselotic ndikuwonekera kwa zochitika zapafupipafupi za vuto la mtima mwa wodwala chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa malo ofikira ndi mapangidwe a magazi omwe amalepheretsa magazi kuyenda bwino. Chinthu chachikulu chomwe chawonongeratu kuwonongeka kwa cholembera cha atherosselotic ndikuwonjezereka kwa chiwopsezo cha ma catecholamines m'magazi, omwe akufotokozera kukula kwa zizindikiro za kugunda kwa mtima pambuyo pamavuto ambiri a psychoemotional. Kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa vuto la mtima ku matenda a mtima a atherosulinotic ndi cardialgia ndi angina pectoris amawonedwa kuti zotsatira za kuukiraku ndikusintha kosasintha kwa patomorphological mu kapangidwe ka minofu yamtima, yomwe imalepheretsa zopinga zake zoyambira.

Kugundika kwa mtima kwapachibale ndi gawo lazopweteka kwambiri, zomwe zimafotokozedwa m'chigawo chakumanzere kwa chifuwa chokhala ndi chozungulira chokhala ndi mkono ndi khosi. Mtundu wa ululu wammbuyo yamatenda amtundu wa atherosselotic ndi wofanana ndi kuukira kwa angina, ndiye kuti, ululu umayaka kwambiri mwachilengedwe. Kuphatikiza pa kupweteka kwambiri, odwala omwe ali ndi vuto la mtima la atherosulinotic amazindikira kuwonjezeka kwa kupuma mwanjira ya kupumira kwapang'onopang'ono, kukulira m'malo opingasa.

Nthawi zina, chitukuko cha matenda apakhungu pachimake chimayendetsedwa ndi kuwoneka kwa zizindikiro zosakhazikika mwanjira ya episode ya angina pectoris. Kuzindikira kwa matenda a mtima a atherosulinotic ndikosatheka popanda njira zapadera zofanizira (njira zosiyanitsira za X-ray, echocardioscopy, njira za radionuclide).

Matenda a mtima a atherosulinotic

Kusankhidwa kwa njira zochizira wodwala yemwe ali ndi matenda am'mnyewa wamatumbo kumadalira, choyamba, pa kuopsa kwa matenda amitsempha yamagazi ndipo kumakhala kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa opaleshoni ngati kuchotsera kwazizindikiro za kusokonezeka kwa magazi, komanso chithandizo cha pathogenetic. Chithandizo cha mankhwalawa kwa matenda amtunduwu chimagwiritsidwa ntchito popewa kupitilira kwa atherosulinosis ndipo umagwiritsidwa ntchito kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a statin gulu (makonzedwe a pakamwa a Torvacard tsiku lililonse 10 mg). Mankhwala a coronary arteriosulinosis amatanthauza kuperekera kwa salicylates moyo wonse (Cardiomagnyl mu tsiku lililonse la 75 mg), komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a cholesterol osakhalitsa oyang'aniridwa ndi ma cell a chiwindi ntchito.

Pakadali pano, njira yokhayo yokwaniritsira mawonetseredwe a mtima wamatenda a mtima ndi kuchitira opaleshoni mochulukitsa kwa mitsempha yodutsa, mfundo yomwe ikupanga "Workaround" kuti ibwezeretse magazi. Njira iyi kukonza coronary artery atherosulinosis ilibe malire, popeza kugwiritsa ntchito aortocoronary shunt kumaphatikizapo njira yotseguka ya transthoracic.

Pakadali pano, madokotala ochita opaleshoni ya mtima ayamba kusankha njira zina zopangira opaleshoni yamatenda a mtima, omwe amaphatikizapo kuchepera kwa magazi, laser angioplasty ndi kukhazikitsa stent ya intravascular.

Ngakhale kugwira ntchito bwino kwa opaleshoni pakuthandizira kuchotsa malo omwe alipo a atherosulinotic, njirayi siiletsa kupitiliza kwa matenda a mtima a atherosselotic. Pachifukwa ichi, mu nthawi yaoperative komanso m'moyo wonse, wodwala yemwe akuvutika ndi kusintha kwa mitsempha ya m'magazi amayenera kutsatira zomwe akutsimikiza, komanso kumwa mkamwa mitundu ya gulu la statin moyo wonse.

Matenda a mtima a Atherosulinotic - ndi dokotala uti amene angamuthandize? Ngati mukukayikira ngati matenda a mtima amtunduwu, muyenera kufunsa dokotala ngati othandizira kapena / kapena mtima.

Zoyambitsa ndi Zoopsa

Mu matenda a mtima a atherosclerotic, msempha wa msempha ndi coronary umakhudzidwa. Pa khoma lawo, njira yochotsa zolembera za cholesterol imayamba. Izi zimabweretsa kufupika kwa lumen ya ziwiya, zomwe zimalepheretsa kayendedwe kazikhala magazi ndipo, monga chotsatira, kuperekera kwa oksijeni ku myocardium.

Njira yofananira ya pathological imakhala yovuta chifukwa cha chitukuko cha matenda a mtima, kulephera kwa mtima, matenda oopsa, kupunduka kwa mtima. Nthawi zambiri matenda a mtima a atherosclerotic amayambitsa imfa.

Matenda a mtima wamatenda a matenda amtundu wa matenda monga matenda osiyana ndi ena sadziwika. Koma mu ICD 10, amaphatikizidwa m'gulu "Matenda a mtima ischemic" omwe ali ndi code 125.1.

Pamene lumen ya coronary mitsempha yatsekedwa pang'ono ndi cholesterol plaque, kupatsanso kufa kwa maselo a mtima, m'malo mwake minyewa yolumikizana imapangika. Poterepa, amalankhula za kukhazikika kwa atherosulinotic cardiosranceosis.

Matenda a atherosulinosis Chiyambi cha matenda awa chimakhazikitsidwa pazifukwa zambiri. Chifukwa chake, lili m'gulu la matenda a polyetiological. Akatswiri amasiyanitsa zinthu zitatu zomwe zimayambitsa chitukuko cha atherosulinosis:

• ochepa matenda oopsa
• magazi akulu mtima
• matenda ashuga.

Kusuta fodya komanso kumwa mowa mwauchidakwa kumathandizanso kuti munthu akhale ndi vuto loteteza ku matenda ena. Kuphatikiza apo, zinthu monga zaka, jenda, kunenepa kwambiri, kudziwikiratu zamtundu wa nyama, kumwa kwambiri nyama, kudziwonetsa nthawi zonse kupsinjika, komanso kusowa kwa CHIKWANGWANI mu chakudya kumakhudza mwayi wokhala ndi matendawa.

Masiteji, zizindikiro ndi kuwonetsa matendawa

Njira yopanga zolembera zamtundu wa atherosclerotic imadutsa magawo angapo:

• Dolipid. Chifukwa cha kuvutika kwa khoma lamkati lamkati, momwe mungakhalire bwino mapangidwe a atherosulinotic plaque amapangidwa. Kapangidwe ka magazi kamasinthasintha - kuchuluka kwa cholesterol yoyipa kumadzuka. Ma Enzymes opangidwa m'thupi alibe nthawi yoti atsekere khoma la mafuta.
• Lipoidosis Gawo lotsatira la atherosulinosis ndikupanga zolembedwa za atheromatous. Ma lipoproteins otsika kwambiri amayamba kumamatira kukhoma la mtsempha, ndikupanga mawanga amafuta. Pakadali pano, kukula kwa zolembazo ndikochepa, ndipo sikungasokoneze kuyenda kwa magazi, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti zizindikirazo sizikupezeka.
• Lipossteosis Pamalo oyikapo mafuta, zimapangika minofu yolumikizika. Chifukwa cha izi, kukula kwa cholesterol plaque kumawonjezeka.
• Atherosis Njira yowonongera mafuta m'thupi imayamba. Madera amafuta asandulika kale kukhala mchulukidwe womwe ukuwononga khoma lakunja. Chikwangwani cha cholesterol chimachepetsa mphamvu yakuwala ndipo chimasokoneza kayendedwe kamagazi kamtima. Kuphatikiza apo, chifukwa cha kuwonongeka pamtunda wa cholesterol wosanjikiza, njira ya thrombosis imayamba.
• Atherocalcinosis. Mu cholesterol cholembera, mchere wa calcium umayamba kuyikiridwa. Zimakhala zolimba komanso zowonda, zomwe zimayambitsa chiopsezo cha thrombosis.

Zizindikiro zoyambirira za atherosulinosis ya mtima zimawonekera pokhapokha cholesterol plaque imalepheretsa kupepuka kwa chotengera. Ndipamene magazi amawonjezereka ku myocardium ndi contractile ntchito ya mtima. Arrhythmia, angina pectoris, ndi kulephera kwa mtima ndi chikhalidwe cha atherosulinosis yamtima.

Zizindikiro za angina pectoris zimawonekera ndi kupendekera pang'ono kwa lumen ya chombo chapamimba. Amawonetsedwa ndi kupezeka kwa zosasangalatsa pamtima ndi zopweteka zomwe zimatha kupendekera kukhosi, nkono, nsagwada, m'mimba kapena kumbuyo.

Kuukira kwa angina pectoris kumayamba pambuyo polimbitsa thupi kapena kupsinjika mtima. Nthawi zambiri zimatha pafupifupi mphindi 10 ndipo zimadutsa kupumula ndikumwa mapiritsi a nitroglycerin. Kusokonezeka kwa Arrhythmia kapena mtima kumadziwika ndi kutsika kapena kukwera kwa mtima.

Vutoli limatsatiridwa ndi zizindikiro monga:

• kufooka kwambiri komanso kutopa,
• kupuma movutikira
• nkhawa
• chizungulire
• kulephera kudziwa
• kupweteka pachifuwa.

Kukopa magazi kukayamba kufooka chifukwa cha matenda a mtima a atherosulin, mtima umayamba. Vutoli limadziwika ndi kuwonetsa monga kutsokomola, kufupika, chizungulire, kusokonezeka kwa tulo, kutopa, kusowa chilimbikitso, kupweteka pachifuwa, kutupa kwa maondo.

Matenda a mtima a Atherosulinotic nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi matenda osokoneza bongo a pulmonary matenda a COPD. Kukhazikika kwa mtima wam'mapapo kumapangitsa kuti wodwalayo akhale ndi matenda ena, kumakulitsa mkhalidwe wa wodwalayo ndikuwonjezera mwayi wa kufa mwadzidzidzi. Ndi COPD, kutsokomola, kufupika, kupweteka pachifuwa kumawonekera. Nthawi zambiri kuphatikiza uku kumawonedwa mwa okalamba odwala.

Kuzindikira kwa matenda a mtima a atherosulinotic kumapangidwa kutengera madandaulo a wodwala, ma labotale ndi njira zoyeserera. Kuzindikira kwa atherosulinosis popanda kulephera kumaphatikizapo mbiri ya lipid. Kusanthula uku kukuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa milomo yama lipoprotein owopsa.

Odwala omwe akuwaganizira kuti adwala matendawa amapatsidwa mitundu yotsatirayi:

• Echocardiography. Mothandizidwa ndi ultrasound, chithunzi cha mtima chimapezeka, mgwirizano wake umatsimikizika.
• Electrocardiography Zoyatsira zamagetsi zamtima zalembedwa. Ndi njira iyi, magazi osakwanira ku myocardium amapezeka.
• Angiography. Kuyang'ana kwamitsempha yama coronary ndikumayambitsa kwa kusiyana kwapakati mu chombocho kudzera mu catheter. Angiography imatsimikizira malo omwe mitsempha imachepetsa.
• Kuyesa kwa kupsinjika Kudzera munjira imeneyi, zomwe zimachitika mu mtima pochita zolimbitsa thupi zimaphunziridwa.
• Zolemba pamakompyuta Amatenga X-ray yamtima ndipo, atatha kupanga zithunzizo, amapeza chithunzi chokwanira cha thupilo.

Njira zochizira

Pali pafupifupi kosatheka kuchiritsa matenda. Ngakhale zili choncho, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo panthawi yake

Matenda a mtima a Atherosclerotic amathandizidwa onse pogwiritsa ntchito njira zochizira komanso opaleshoni. Izi zimatsimikizika pakukula kwa matendawa ndi gawo, koma ndi omwe adapezeka ndi matendawa. Cholinga chachikulu cha chithandizo cha mankhwala ndikumachepetsa cholesterol yamagazi.

Pa gawo loyambirira la matendawa, izi zimatheka potsatira zakudya zapadera zotsutsana ndi cholesterol. Zimaphatikizanso kuchepetsedwa kwakukulu kwa kudya kwamafuta a nyama ndi kuphatikizira kwa fiber yambiri momwe kungathekere m'zakudya.

Ngati atherosulinosis ya mtima idapezeka mu mawonekedwe osiyidwa, ndiye kuti mankhwalawo sudzangokhala zakudya zokha. Pamafunika kusankhidwa ndi kukhazikitsa mankhwala apadera. Komabe, atherosclerosis imawonedwa ngati matenda osachiritsika, ndipo ndizosatheka kuchiritsa wodwala wodwala kwathunthu ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo.

Chithandizo cha mankhwala othandizira Njira zochizira wodwala aliyense zimapangidwira payekhapayekha, poganizira zovuta zamatendawa komanso mbiri ya wodwalayo.

Chithandizo cha atherosulinosis ya mtima chimaphatikizanso kumwa mankhwala osiyanasiyana magulu:

• Hypolipidemic othandizira. Kuchita kwawo kukufuna kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa cholesterol yotsika komanso otsika kwambiri a lipoproteins, komanso triglycerides. Komanso, mankhwalawa a gulu lachipatalichi amathandizira kukulitsa kuchuluka kwa lipoproteins yapamwamba kapena "yothandiza" cholesterol.
• Ma Anticoagulants. Odwala omwe ali ndi atherosulinosis ya mtima, chiopsezo cha thrombosis chimachulukitsidwa kwambiri. Pofuna kupewa kutsekeka kwamitsempha yama coronary yokhala ndi magazi, mankhwalawa ochepetsa kukhudzika kwa magazi amaphatikizidwa mu njira yochizira. Chifukwa chaichi, nthawi zambiri, mankhwala ozikidwa pa warfarin kapena aspirin amaperekedwa.
• Mankhwala a antihypertensive. Atherosulinosis ya mtima imaphatikizira kuwonjezeka kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi.Kusakhazikika kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi kumakhudza khoma lamitsempha, lomwe mwa mphamvu zotere limayamba kutaya pang'onopang'ono ndikukhazikika. Mwanjira imeneyi, imawonongeka mosavuta, ndipo mitundu ya atherosselotic plaque pamalo owonongeka. Chifukwa chake, kukhazikika kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi, kupatsidwa mankhwala apadera, amathandizanso kulepheretsa chitukuko cha atherosulinosis.

Mankhwala otsitsa a Lipid amadziyika ndi zotsatira zawo pa ma statins, ma fibrate, othandizira a bile acids komanso cholesterol mayamwidwe. Statins akuletsa cholesterol yopanga ndi thupi.

Mothandizidwa ndi mankhwalawa, kuchuluka kwa mafuta "oyipa" kumatha ndipo nthawi yomweyo cholesterol "yopindulitsa" imakwera. Ndikwabwino kukhazikitsa ma statins amakono. Amakhala ndi zovuta zochepa komanso ali ndi mphamvu zambiri. Izi zikuphatikizapo Rosuvastatin ndi Atorvastatin. Ngati mulingo wa cholesterol ndi wochepa, ndiye kuti simvastatin yosavuta ndiyoyenera.

Zochita za fibrate cholinga chake ndicholembetsa milomo ya lipoprotein. Kutengera zakudya zawo, ma lipids okhala ochepa kwambiri amawonongeka, cholesterol yotsika kwambiri imachepetsedwa ndipo kuchuluka kwa cholesterol "yofunikira" kukuwonjezeka. Nthawi zambiri, fenofibrate imaphatikizidwa mu regimen yochizira matenda a atherosulinosis.

Bile acid sequestrants bile bile acid omwe amalowa m'matumbo. Zinthu zopangidwa mwanjira imeneyi zimasiya thupi limodzi ndi ndowe. Zotsatira zake, thupi limakakamizidwa kuti lipange ma asidi achilengedwe atsopano kuchokera ku cholesterol yomwe ilipo mthupi.

Chifukwa cha izi, kuchepa kwathunthu mafuta m'thupi ndi lipoprotein otsika. Mankhwalawa amaphatikizapo colestipol ndi colestyramine. Cholesterol mayamwidwe inhibitors amachepetsa kuyamwa kwa cholesterol yomwe imalowa m'thupi ndi chakudya. Chifukwa cha njirayi, zizindikiro za mafuta kagayidwe zimasinthidwa.

Mankhwala othandizira opaleshoni ya mtima

Ngati cholesterol plaque yopangidwa mkati mwa khoma lamitsempha imalepheretsa kuwunikira kwa ziwiya zam'mimba, funso la njira yothandizira opaleshoni likutha. Ndikofunikira kuti muthane ndi opaleshoni pakakhala kuti sikungatheke kuti muwonetsetse matenda ake mothandizidwa ndi mankhwala.

Opaleshoni mankhwala a atherosclerosis a mtima ikuchitika pogwiritsa ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana:

• Coronary Angioplasty Ndi kulowererako pang'ono. Catheter wokhala ndi baluni kumapeto kwake amamuyika mu mtsempha waukulu. Amayenda m'matumba omwe amayang'aniridwa ndi zida zapadera mpaka atafika kudera lomwe lakhudzidwalo. Patsamba lomwe limachepetsa kwambiri, baluniyo imapukusidwa ndikuwonjezera kuwala kwa mtsempha. Njirayi siyikuphatikizapo kuphipha kwa zolembera za atherosselotic. Pofuna kupewa kufinya mobwerezabwereza, ndiye kuti amaikapo zitsulo pamalo ophatikizira kutsitsi. Kamangidwe kameneka ndi chingwe chachitsulo chomwe chimagwira chokho pamalo owonjezedwa ndipo sichimalola kuti lumen ikhale yopapatiza. Chifukwa cha opaleshoni iyi, chotengera chimasungidwa mokhazikika, chomwe chimapangitsa magazi kuyenda bwino. Kuchita kofananako nthawi zambiri kumachitika mwa odwala omwe alandila pachimake myocardial infarction.
• Mitsempha yama coronary imadutsa ndikumalumikiza. Ngati magazi sawabwezeretsa pogwiritsa ntchito kulumikizira kwa coronary, ndiye kuti kugwiritsa ntchito ma coronary artery bypass grafting ntchito. Njira imeneyi imagwiritsidwa ntchito pozunza kwambiri matenda a mtima. Cholinga chake ndikupanga chochita kuti magazi azituluka. Poterepa, gawo lochepetsa la mitsempha limadutsidwa. Mtundu wa minyewa yamitsempha yaikidwapo. Opaleshoni imeneyi ndi yayitali ndipo imatenga maola 3-4. Komabe, zimaphatikizanso nthawi yayitali yokonzanso. Kuchita opaleshoni ya Coronary bypass kumawonetsedwa pokhapokha ngati pali woopsa.
• Kupatsirana kwa mtima. Mwa odwala ena omwe ali ndi atherosulinosis, mkhalidwe wamtima ndiwakuti opaleshoniyo singasinthe momwe wodwalayo akuchira. Koma ngati wodwalayo ali wachichepere ndipo ziwalo zina zili bwino, kupatsirana kwa mtima wa wopereka ndikulimbikitsidwa. Chifukwa chakuti opareshoniyo ndi yovuta kwambiri komanso yodula, itha kuchitika m'malo osowa.

Kupewa komanso kudwala

Vuto lowopsa kwambiri la atherosulinosis pamitsempha ya mtima ndi kupunduka kwa mtima. Komanso, kulephera kosasintha kwa mtima kumabweretsa kufooka kwa chiwalochi. Zotsatira zake, katundu amene amakhalapo amakhala ochulukirapo ndipo kulephera kwa mtima kumayamba. Ndipo

Coronary matenda a mtima (CHD) amatchulidwanso ngati kupindika kwa coronary artery atherosulinosis. Kukula kwa atherosulinosis ya mtima kumatsimikiziridwa ndi zinthu monga chithandizo cha panthawi yake, zakudya komanso moyo wathanzi. Zinthu zitatuzi zimatha kulepheretsa matendawa kuchepa kwa matendawa.

Ndi mapangidwe a foci a necrosis komanso kukula kwa vuto la kuthamanga kwa magazi, matulukidwe a matendawo siabwino. Matendawa ndi ovuta kwa odwala omwe ali ndi atherosulinosis omwe amamwa mowa kwambiri ndi kusuta.

Kukula kwa moyo wa wodwalayo kumatsimikiziridwa ndi kuchuluka kwa kuwonongeka kwa ziwiya zam'mimba komanso kupezeka kwa matenda ena aakulu. Chifukwa chake, ndi kugonjetsedwa kwa mitsempha imodzi ya coronary, koma kukhalabe ndi ntchito yamanzere yamitsempha, zakutsogolo kwa kupulumuka kwa zaka 5 kupitirira 90%.

Wodwala wovulala m'mitsempha yama coronary itatu kapena kuposerapo komanso kuwonongeka kwakukulu kwa kugwira ntchito kwamanzere kwamitsempha yamagazi, mathedwe a kupulumuka ndi osauka - osakwana 30% kwa zaka 5. Chiwopsezo cha kufa mwadzidzidzi mu coronary arteriosulinosis imachulukitsidwa ndi zinthu zotsatirazi:

• arrhasmia,
• tachycardia
• misozi yamitsempha yamagazi,
• matenda a mtima, kuphatikizapo thrombosis,
• kuvulala kwambiri
• kuwonongeka kwa valavu yamtima.

Ngati zizindikiro za matendawa zapezeka munthawi ndipo chithandizo chidayambitsidwa, ndiye kuti chiwopsezo cha zovuta zimachepetsedwa kwambiri. Odwala omwe ali ndi atherosclerosis amayenera kuwunika zakudya zawo, kusiya kudya zamafuta ndikuyamba kukhala ndi moyo wathanzi.

Pofuna kupewa atherosulinosis ya mtima m'mitsempha, zotsatirazi zikulimbikitsidwa:

• kusiyiratu kusuta,
• zolimbitsa thupi
• kutsatira mfundo zachakudya zabwino,
• munthawi yake komanso mokwanira chithandizo cha matenda omwe amachokera m'mitsempha yamagazi ndi mtima,
• kuthamanga kwa magazi
• kuletsa kugwira ntchito zolimba
• kulimbitsa thupi
• kupewa kupsinjika.

Atherosulinosis ya mitsempha ya mtima ndi matenda oopsa ndipo amafunika chithandizo chachikulu. Chifukwa chake, ndi chiwonetsero cha zizindikiro zowopsa, ndikulimbikitsidwa kukaonana ndi dokotala nthawi yomweyo. Kuzindikira mozama kumathandizira kupanga njira yabwino yochizira. Ndikofunikira kutsatira mosamalitsa zomwe adotolo akuuza.

Zambiri

Kusintha kwachilengedwe m'mitsempha yama coronary yomwe idachitika chifukwa cha kupindika kwa cholesterol plaques amadziwika kuti matenda a mtima a atherosrance. Matendawo akuchedwa. Kukalamba.

Mapepala a Atherosulinotic amathandizira kukulira ndi kuwonongeka kwa makoma amitsempha yamagazi, omwe amasiya kutanuka ndi mphamvu. Zotsatira zake, pamakhala kuphwanya ntchito ya mtima ndi ziwalo zina. Matenda a atherosclerotic amaphatikiza ma pathologies onse a mtima omwe amatuluka chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa magazi m'mitsempha yama coronary.

Zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa

Zomwe zimayambitsa chitukuko cha matendawa ndi kudziunjikira kwa cholesterol plaque m'matumbo. Izi zitha kuchitika osati mu ukalamba, komanso mwa achichepere. Chimodzi mwazinthu zopanda vuto la kuperewera kwa m'thupi (zakudya zamafuta kwambiri m'mafuta a cholesterol).

Komanso, mapangidwe a atherosclerotic zolembera amathandizidwa ndi zinthu monga:

• magazi akulu mtima
• matenda ashuga
• matenda a chiwindi
• matenda opatsirana komanso otupa,
• ochepa matenda oopsa
• uchidakwa
• kusuta

Mapilala nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi kunenepa kwambiri komanso amakhalira moyo. Zotengera zimataya mphamvu, zimakhala zosalimba, komanso zimangoduka mosavuta. Magazi okhala ndi cholesterol yayikulu amapanga zolembera pazitseko zamkati za mitsempha.

Momwe mungadziwire matenda

Matenda a mtima a Atherosclerotic amadziwonetsera mwa aliyense m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Mu magawo oyamba, matendawa sangathe kudziwonetsa mwanjira iliyonse. Zonse zimatengera machitidwe a thupi, momwe matendawa amayambitsidwira, momwe amakulira. Koma pali zinthu zingapo:

• kumva kutopa, kufooka wamba,
• Nthawi zambiri malo ozizira, ngakhale nthawi yotentha,
• kusokonezeka kwa kukumbukira
• kusowa kwa chidwi
• kupweteka pafupipafupi kumbuyo kwa chifuwa
• kupuma movutikira kumawoneka poyenda komanso popuma,
• Kutha kwa zogonana,
• angina akuukira
• kuthamanga kwa magazi kukwera
• pamakhala malingaliro akumiyendo m'manja ndi m'miyendo,
• kutuluka thukuta kwambiri
• ndi kupsinjika, kuwodzera, chizungulire,
• kuvuta kutchula mawu.

Monga lamulo, matenda a mtima a atheroscotic amakhalanso ndi zizindikiro zotere ngakhale ndi matchulidwe amitsempha yama coronary. Kulimbana ndi mtima pafupipafupi kuyeneranso kuphatikizidwa pano.

Magulu owopsa

Mawu ochepa onena za yemwe nthawi zambiri amakhudzidwa ndi matenda a mtima:

• Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda amtima m'mabanja awo.
• Ndi zaka, kusintha kwamitsempha yamagazi kumachitika. Kuyambira wazaka za 45-50, zizindikiritso zam'mbuyomu zamatendawa zitha kuoneka.
• Amuna amakhala ndi chizolowezi chopanga matenda asanafike zaka 50. Pakatha zaka 50, mwayi wa abambo ndi amayi ndi wofanana.
• Anthu omwe amasuta fodya ali ndi mwayi wabwino wodwala. Nikotini imakhudza mitsempha yamagazi ndi minofu yamtima, komanso ziphe zomwe zimatulutsidwa mwanjira imeneyi zimawononga thupi lonse.
• Anthu omwe akudwala matenda oopsa. Makoma azombo amatopa, ndipo kupanikizika kumalimbikitsa kulowerera kwa cholesterol komanso mapangidwe olimbitsa.
• Odwala omwe ali ndi moyo wongokhala.
• Anthu odwala matenda ashuga
• Anthu onenepa kwambiri.

Nthawi zambiri, odwala omwe ali mgululi amakhala ndi matenda atherosselotic monga chifukwa cha imfa. Pakadali pano, matendawa amapezeka mosavuta. Chachikulu ndikuwona dokotala nthawi. Kenako mwayi wokhala ndi moyo wautali udza kuchuluka kwambiri.

Zizindikiro

Njira zotsatirazi zoyezera zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuzindikira matenda:

• Electrocardiography yokhala ndi mayesero opsinjika.
• Kukonzanso kwa maulendo atatu.
• Ultrasound yamtima.
• Angiography.

• Mbiri
• Magnetic resonance imaging.
• Kuyesa kwa cholesterol yamagazi.

Pambuyo pomvetsera madandaulo a wodwalayo, kupenda zotsatira za kafukufukuyu, adotolo amakupatsirani chithandizo.

Malangizo othandizira

Choyamba, taganizirani momwe adatchulira kuchuluka kwa mitsempha ya m'mimba.

Njira zotsatirazi zochiritsira zimagwiritsidwa ntchito:

1. Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Mayendedwe ake ndi, koyambirira, mu kayendetsedwe ka matenda olimba. Monga matenda a shuga mellitus, matenda oopsa komanso ena. Chosafunikira kwenikweni ndikuchiritsira komanso kupewa kwa matenda a mtima, omwe angayambitse mwadzidzidzi kufa. Otsatirawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza: statins, nicotinic acid, ma phospholipids ofunikira, ma fibrate, othandizira a bile acid, othandizira antiplatelet. Mlingo amasankhidwa ndi dokotala. Izi zimachitika aliyense payekha kwa wodwala aliyense.
2. Njira za mankhwala osagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala. Cholinga cha mankhwalawa ndikuchepetsa ziwopsezo. Izi zikuphatikiza:

• Matenda a kulemera
• zakudya zopatsa thanzi
• moyo wakhama, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse,

• kusiya kusuta
• njira zolimbitsa thupi
• kupatulapo kupsinjika kwa malingaliro.

3. Opaleshoni.

Njira Yotengera Ziphuphu. Amabwezeretsanso kuyenda kwa magazi pogwiritsa ntchito shunts, zomwe zimayikidwa m'malo oteteza mitsempha.

Njira yatsopano yopangira opaleshoni yam'mimba. Imachitidwa pansi pa mankhwala oletsa ululu.

Kusintha kwa laser. Zimakupatsani mwayi wobwezeretsa ziwalo zamitsempha.

Dokotala amasankha dongosolo la mankhwala kwa wodwala aliyense payekhapayekha. Mankhwala osokoneza bongo amaphatikizidwa ndi osagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala.

Matenda a mtima

Mtima ndi gawo lofunikira pamagetsi. Kudzera chiwalo ichi, magazi amapezeka ku thupi lonse la munthu, kuphatikiza kupopa magazi kudzera m'mapapu. Chifukwa chake, minofu yamtima siyimangokhala ngati pampu, komanso imagawa magazi mthupi lonse, poganizira kufunika kwa mpweya wambiri.

Zofunika! Kuphwanya kwa magwiridwe antchito am'thupi ndi zochita za mtima kumayambitsa kusintha kwa kuzungulira kwa dongosolo.

Kuchokera pakuwona kwa akatswiri pazokhudza matenda amtima, izi zitha kufotokozedwa ngati matenda amtima.

Muzochita zamankhwala, pali mitundu yayikulu kwambiri ya mtima yomwe imayika chiwopsezo ku moyo wa munthu.

Chimodzi mwa izo ndi matenda a mtima a atherosselotic - njira yomwe imayambitsidwa ndi kuphwanya kwa magazi chifukwa chakuwonongeka kwa mitsempha ya m'mimba.

Ndi mawonetseredwe awa, ndizotheka kuzindikira kuchepa kwa chilolezo cham'mbali, zomwe zimabweretsa kuphwanya ufulu wawo. Muzochitika zapamwamba, mawonekedwe a cholesterol amadziwikiratu chivundikirachi. Ngakhale kuti njirazi ndizoseketsa, zimayambitsa kuphwanya kwamtima m'njira zina.

Zofunika! Pochita zamtima, pali ma atherosulinosis angapo.

Matenda a mtima a Atherosclerotic amadziwika kuti ndi amodzi mwa mitundu yake. Chifukwa cha momwe matendawa amakulira, pamakhala kuchuluka kwa cholesterol, yomwe imayikidwa pamakoma a mtima.

Izi zimachitika mwachilengedwe pafupifupi thupi lililonse ndipo zimayamba kukula pang'onopang'ono m'moyo wonse. Komabe, kuchuluka kwa mitsempha yamagazi kumasiyana mosiyanasiyana. Kupititsa patsogolo kwa kayendedwe ka matenda kumatsimikiziridwa ndi zinthu zingapo za causative. Matendawa amakhalanso amabweretsa mavuto akulu kwambiri omwe amachititsa matenda a mtima.

Njira yopanga matenda a mtima

Matenda a mtima a Atherosrance Njirayi ndi yotupa, pomwe matendawa amapita pang'onopang'ono. Komabe, mtima wodekha pamkhalidwewu udakali wopsinjika. Izi nthawi zambiri zimayambitsa kuphwanya ntchito za minofu ya mtima.

Mosasamala ndi malo a zotupa, makina a chitukuko cha atherosulinosis sasintha. Maonekedwe a cholesterol amana amadziwika muubwana. Poyamba, sabweza thupi la munthu, ndipo siziwopseza moyo. Komabe, choyambitsa cha pathologies chamtsogolo chitha kuonedwa kuti sichinyalanyaza.

Kuwonjezeka kwa cholesterol amana ndi kugawa kwawo kwamasamba onse amadziwika ndi zaka. Nthawi zina, njirayi imayamba pang'onopang'ono. Nthawi zina m'moyo wonse mulibe ma pathologies akulu, palibe matenda amtima, kapena matenda amtundu wamtima.

Zofunika! Chifukwa cha zochitika zina, kuyika kwa cholesterol m'malo ena kumathandizira kangapo.

Kudzikundikira kwa chinthuchi limodzi ndi zinthu zowonongeka kumayambira kukhudza khoma lamitsempha m'njira zoyipa kwambiri. Zotsatira zake, chiwonongeko chake chachikulu chimachitika.

Zomwe zimapangitsa kukula kwa matenda a mtima ndi:

• Kusintha kwa mapuloni amthupi chifukwa chakuphwanya kwa dongosolo la endocrine kapena kusintha kwachilengedwe.

• Kulephera kuchita zolimbitsa thupi,

• mtundu uliwonse wa matenda ashuga.

Zinthu zokhala ndi magazi, kuphatikiza lipoprotein, yomwe ndi gawo lalikulu lomwe ndi cholesterol, imagwera pamalo ophulika. Mapangidwe a zolumikizana minofu.

Kupitilira apo, kuchuluka kwa minofu ya minofu kumadziwika. Zotsatira za enzymatic kanthu, ndi kutenga gawo la sarcophagi, mapuloteni ophatikizika amawonongeka, ndipo cholesterol imatsalira ndikudziunjikira. Vutoli limatenga malo a selo lowonongekalo, ndipo chigawo cha minofu yolumikizika pang'onopang'ono chimayamba kuzungulira. Chifukwa chake, mitundu yosanjikizana khoma la mtima.

Cicatricial formations imayamba chifukwa chokhala ndi mchere wamchere. Njirayi imayambitsa kutsekeka kwa chotengera chomwe chimakhudzidwa, chomwe nthawi zambiri chimatha ndi kufalikira kwathunthu. Ngati malo omwe amapezeka masinthidwe ndi ziwiya zam'mimba, ndiye kuti minyewa yamtima imasowa okosijeni ndipo imasowa michere. Kukula kwa matenda atrosselotic a mtima kumayamba.

Zizindikiro za mawonekedwe a atherosulinotic ziyenera kuganiziridwa mosiyana.

Kuchiza matenda

Chithandizo cha matenda a atherosulinotic chimaphatikizapo njira zingapo. Chimodzi mwazomwe zimachitika ndi matenda a lipid metabolism popanda kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala. Pankhaniyi, tikukambirana zakuchotsa kunenepa kwambiri, zakudya zapadera zomwe cholinga chake ndi kusintha zochita za mtima ndi kusintha kwa moyo, kuphatikizapo kukana zizolowezi zoyipa.

Yang'anani! Mankhwala othandizira komanso kupewa ayenera kuyang'aniridwa ndi mtima.

Pulogalamuyi imaphatikizapo kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kapena masewera olimbitsa thupi, komanso kusintha njira yatsiku ndi tsiku.

Chithandizo cha mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndikufuna kukonza zomwe zikuchitika, zomwe zimachitika chifukwa chakuchotsa zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a atherosulinosis. Nthawi zambiri, ndi matenda oopsa kapena mitundu yambiri ya matenda a shuga.

Pofuna kupewa kupitirira kwa matenda a mtima a atherosselotic, mankhwala a statin ndi omwe amapatsidwa. Chochita chogwiritsidwa ntchito pakamwa pansi pa dzina la "Tovacard" chikuwoneka bwino. Pa chithandizo, kuwunika kwa chiwindi kuyenera kuchitika.

Yang'anani! Atherosulinosis ya korona yamagazi pamafunika kukonzanso mankhwala amoyo.

Zikatero, mankhwala a gulu la salicylate amapatsidwa.

Njira yokhayo yoletsa kuwonetsera pambuyo pake ndikuyambitsa kulumikizana kwa mitsempha. Opaleshoni imatha kudziwidwa ndi miyeso yokhazikika, yomwe, mwatsoka, imalepheretsa kupititsa patsogolo kwa matendawa komanso osaletsa mapangidwe. M'tsogolomu, opaleshoni itatha, zidzakhala zofunika kutsatira zakudya ndikumwa mankhwala.

Gawo Atherosulinosis

Popanga matenda a mtima a atherosselotic, magawo angapo motsatizana amatha kusiyanitsidwa:

1. Gawo loyamba. Izi zimadziwika ndi mapangidwe a otchedwa mafuta kapena lipid banga. Chochita chofunikira pakukula kwa izi ndi kuchepa kwa magazi m'deralo ndi kuwonongeka kochepa kwa makoma ochepa. Malo omwe ali osatetezeka kwambiri ndi zombo zama coronary m'dera lawo. Gawoli limadziwika ndi edema komanso kumasula kwa khoma lamitsempha lowonongeka. Thupi limayamba limagwirira kuwonongedwa kwa lipids ndi kuwonongedwa kwa mtima kuwonongeka. Kutalika kwa nthawi imeneyi ya matenda a atherosselotic ndi munthu aliyense payekhapayekha. Kuzindikira mawanga amafuta awa ndizotheka ndi kugwiritsa ntchito ma microscope,
2. 2 siteji. Dzina lina la gawo lachiwiri ndi liposulinosis. Poterepa, pali kuchuluka kwa minyewa yolumikizana ndi malo okhala ndi lipid. Panthawi imeneyi, mapangidwe a atheromatous zolengeza, omwe amaphatikizika ndi minyewa ya adipose, amawonedwa. Kusintha kwa zolengeza zolimbitsa thupi pakadali pano kumaphatikizapo kufalikira kwa zounikira za mitsempha ya munthu payokha. Kuphatikiza apo, malo omwe angagwirizanidwe ndi zolembera za atheromatous ndi malo abwino pakupangika kwa magazi kuundana,
3. 3 siteji. Gawo ili limadziwika ndi kuphatikiza kwa mchere wa calcium ku chidikini chopangidwa kale. Zideru zoterezi ndizopakasa kwambiri, komanso kuthekera kochepetsa mphamvu yakuwala.

Zomwe zimayambitsa kupangika kwa matenda atherosulinotic zingakhale zosiyanasiyana, zotsatirazi ndizofunikira kwambiri:

1. Kukhalapo kwa chibadwa chamunthu chodziwikiratu pakukula kwa matenda amtima,
2. Mafuta akulu mtima,
3. Kuwonjezeka kwa shuga m'magazi (shuga),
4. Kunenepa kwamitundu yosiyanasiyana,
5. Kukhalapo kwa zizolowezi zoipa, makamaka uchidakwa komanso kusuta fodya,
6. Chiwindi cholakwika
7. Matenda ena opatsirana komanso otupa,
8. Khalidwe labwino
9. Kukhalapo kwa matenda oopsa monga matenda oopsa komanso matenda ashuga.

Ngati tingayerekeze matenda amtunduwu ndi matenda ena am'magazi, ndiye kuti matenda amtunduwu ndi oopsa kwambiri. Chinyengo choterechi chimayamba chifukwa cha matendawo omwe amakhala ndi matendawa, omwe amakhudza nthawi komanso kufunika kwa matenda. Zizindikiro zoyambirira za matendawa sizikuwonekera kwa anthu. Matendawa akamakula, munthu amazindikira zizindikiro zake. Ngati matendawa ayandikira kwambiri, ndiye kuti munthuyo ayamba kudandaula za zotsatirazi:

1. Kumva kuwawa ndi kupweteka kumbuyo kwa sternum,
2. Chizungulire pakakhala kupsinjika,
3. Ofooka komanso kuchepa mphamvu,
4. Dyspnea pakupuma komanso pakuyenda,
5. Osati mutu wosalekeza
6. Kumeza kovuta
7. Kuchulukitsa kwa magazi
8. Angina
9. Kumverera kozizira kwa mapiri apamwamba ndi otsika,
10. Kuletsa kugonana,
11. Maonekedwe a chromate (amakhumudwitsa ena),
12. Kufooka kwa minofu ya nkhope
13. Kumva kuwawa ndi kufooka m'malo okwera kapena otsika,
14. Mavuto ndi katchulidwe ka mawu,
15. Thukuta kwambiri.

Chikhalidwe komanso kukula kwa mawonetsedwe azachipatala ndi amodzi pamunthu aliyense. Zizindikirozi zimakhudzidwa ndi kuchuluka kwa kunyalanyaza kwa matendawa, kuchuluka kwake, komanso machitidwe a thupi la munthu. Kwa anthu ena, Zizindikiro zokhazikika ndizikhalidwe, zomwe sizimalimbitsa.

Gulu lina la anthu likuwona kuwonongeka kwa paroxysmal mu mkhalidwe wawo, zomwe zimayambitsa mantha aumunthu, nkhawa zamantha komanso kumva kuti amwalira. Chovuta china chachikulu cha matendawa ndi kumangidwa kwa mtima, komwe kumabweretsa zotsatira zakupha. Kuzindikira kwakanthawi kochepa komanso chithandizo chamankhwala chokwanira ndi chomwe chitha kuthandiza munthu wotere. Ngati panali munthu pafupi yemwe adapereka madandaulo pamwambapa, ndiye kuti choyambirira ndikuyitanitsa gulu ladzidzidzi.

Kupangitsa kuti vutoli lithe ndi matenda atherosulinotic, zinthu ngati izi:

• Kulephera kwamtima kwakukulu,
• Pachimake mawonekedwe a myocardial infarction,
• Kusokonezeka kwa miyambo ya mtima,
• Pulmonary thromboembolism m'matumbo ena.

Mankhwala

Chithandizo cha mankhwala a atherosulinotic matenda ndi gawo lofunikira mankhwalawa. Mankhwalawa matenda, magulu otsatirawa a mankhwala amagwiritsidwa ntchito:

1. Zopatsa mphamvu za nicotinic acid. Gulu la mankhwalawa limathandizira kuthamanga kwa kagayidwe kazinthu zamafuta, potero zimachepetsa kuchuluka kwake mu kayendedwe kazinthu,
2. Madera Gulu la mankhwalawa ndilofunikira kwambiri popewa komanso kuchiza matenda a mtima. Mothandizidwa ndi ma statins, kuchuluka kwa cholesterol mu kayendedwe kazinthu kamakonzedwe. Pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa, ndikotheka kuwongolera kuwonjezeka kwa kukula kwa malo a atherosulinotic malo ndi momwe mitsempha yamtima imakhalira,
3. Fibates. Kuchita kwa gululi la mankhwalawa cholinga chake ndikuwonongeka kwa mafuta omwe alipo pakayendetsedwe kazinthu. Oyimira bwino a gulu la fibrate ndi Gemfibrozil ndi Clofibrate.

Kuphatikiza apo, odwala omwe ali ndi vuto la mtima la atherosselotic amatha kuikidwa mankhwala kuchokera ku gulu la antiplatelet agents, lomwe limaphatikizanso acetylsalicylic acid (Aspirin).

Ndi chithandizo chamwadzidzidzi, chifukwa chaimfa chimagwera m'njira zosasintha mu myocardium.

Mankhwala othandizira

Ndi mphamvu yotsika ya njira zochizira zamankhwala, odwala omwe ali ndi vuto la minyewa yamatenda am'mimba amapatsidwa njira zochizira. Njirazi ndi monga:

1. Kutupa kwa mtima. Njira yothandizira mankhwalawa imakhala ndi kukhazikitsa stent yapadera pakukula kwa mtsempha wamagazi. Chifukwa cha kunyengaku, kuthana ndi mphamvu yakukula kwamitsempha yama coronary kumatheka.
2. Mitsempha yama coronary imadutsa kolumikiza. Njira imeneyi ndi imodzi mwodziwika kwambiri. Pakupanga opaleshoni yodutsa, akatswiri azachipatala amapanga njira yolumikizira yomwe imapereka magazi athunthu ku ischemic myocardium,
3. Laser angioplasty. Kubwezeretsa kwa patency ya mtima kumachitika pogwiritsa ntchito ma radiation ya laser.

Chifukwa cha njira zopangira opaleshoni, ndikotheka kubwezeretsa patency yamitsempha yamagazi, komabe, njira izi sizingakhudze chifukwa chenicheni cha matenda atherosselotic.

Odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a mtima wamatenda, komanso omwe ali ndi nkhawa ndi matenda a coronary, ayenera kusamala ndi thanzi lawo. Kupewa kwa matendawa kumaphatikiza njira zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mafuta azikhala mthupi komanso kuonetsetsa kuti magazi abwinobwino. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti odwala aziona momwe zakudya zimapangidwira, azikhala ndi moyo wogwira ntchito, komanso samalani ndi mankhwalawa matenda oyamba a ziwalo ndi machitidwe.

Kodi matenda a mtima opatsirana

Mitsempha yathanzi imadziwika ndi zotanuka komanso kulimba kwamakoma. Ndi m'badwo, amataya mawonekedwe achilengedwe. Mafuta amaunjikana pang'onopang'ono pamakoma amitsempha, omwe amachititsa kuti ziwiya zisamachepe, mpaka kufupika kwathunthu. Umu ndi momwe matenda a mtima wamatenda amayamba. Amadziwika ndi njira yaulesi komanso kusapezeka kwa matchulidwe. Mu gulu la matenda amtima, kufa kwa atherosulinosis yamitsempha yama coroni ndiye okwera kwambiri padziko lapansi.

Kupangidwe ndi kudzikundikira kwa cholesterol plaques (kapena ma atheromas) pamakoma amitsempha yama coronary ndiye chifukwa chachikulu cha matenda a mtima a atherosrance. Zimasokoneza kayendedwe ka magazi kupita ku minofu ya mtima. Mwa odwala okalamba, zosinthazi ndizofala kwambiri. Chiwopsezo cha atheromas ndi kusintha kwa ma pathological m'mitsempha yama coronary kumachulukitsidwa pazinthu izi:

• Kusuta kumawonjezera mwayi wokhala ndi matendawa ndi 24%. Utsi wa ndudu umakhala ndi nkhawa pamtima komanso umawononga mitsempha yamkati.
• Kuthamanga kwa magazi kumawonjezera katundu pa minofu ya mtima.
• Cholesterol yayikulu. Thupi limapangidwa m'chiwindi kuchokera kumafuta akhuta. Kuchepa kwa chiwindi kumayambitsa cholesterol yayikulu yamagazi.
• Zakudya zopanda pake. Kuchuluka kwamafuta, zakudya zotsekemera m'zakudya zimayambitsa kupanga "cholesterol" choyipa, chomwe chimayikidwa pamakoma amitsempha yamagazi.
• Kuchepa kwa magalimoto kumayambitsa kutsekeka kwa magazi. Kukhala moyo wongokhala kumathandizanso chidwi cha zinthu zina zoopsa.
• Chiwopsezo cha kukhala ndi atherosulinosis ndichulukiridwe ka 2 mwa odwala matenda ashuga.
• Khalidweli. Kupezeka kwa matendawa kwa amuna ochepera zaka 55 ndi akazi ochepera zaka 65 omwe ubale wamwazi umalumikizana ndi chisonyezo cha chibadwa chakukula kwa matenda.
• Kunenepa kwambiri, kunenepa kwambiri.

Magawo a chitukuko cha matenda

Kukula kwa matenda a mtima a atherosulinotic (ABS) kumachitika pang'onopang'ono. Njira ya pathological imaphatikizapo magawo angapo motsatizana:

1. Pa gawo loyamba, lipid (mafuta) banga limapangidwa. Kuchepa kwa magazi komweko kumawonedwa, kuwonongeka kochepa kwa mitsempha ya m'mimba kumachitika mu mawonekedwe a edema ndikumasulira khoma lamitsempha. Malo opangira ziwombo ndi omwe amakhala osatetezeka kwambiri. Pa gawo loyambirira la matendawa, thupi limayambira njira yodzitetezera yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito kuwononga ma lipid ndikuchotsa kuwonongeka kwa makoma amitsempha. Kutalika kwa gawo loyamba kumatengera momwe thupi limakhalira. Madontho a mafuta amatha kupezeka pogwiritsa ntchito zida zokulitsira.
2. Lipossteosis - dzina lachiwiri la matenda. Amadziwika ndi mapangidwe a atherosselotic zolengeza - pamalo a lipid deposition, minyewa yolumikizana imakula. Sungunulani zakudyazi ndizosatheka. Zidutswa za atheroma zimatseka lumen ya coronary artery, ndipo malo ake omwe amaphatikizika ndi abwino kupangidwa kwa magazi.
3. Pa gawo lachitatu la matenda, zamchere zamchere (zophatikizika) zimaphatikizidwa ndi chidutswa cha atheromatous. Zomangidwe zoterezi zimakhala zowonda kwambiri komanso zopapatiza kwambiri m'mimba mwake.

Mapangidwe a atherosulinotic ndi kupitiliza kwa matendawa kukulitsa kapena kuphulika. Zipangidwe zolimba zimasokoneza kutumiza kwa okosijeni ndi michere kumtima. Wodwalayo amamva kupweteka kwa mtima, kusasangalala, pali kuukira kwa angina pectoris. Mapulateleti (ma cell am'magazi) amalumikizidwa kwambiri ndi atheroma yomwe ikuphulika ndipo kupindika kumapangika. Imakulitsa chizindikiro cha angina pectoris ndikuwonjezera kuwala kwa chotupa cha m'mitsempha. Ndi kufalikira kwathunthu kwa chotengera, myocardial infarction imayamba (necrosis ya minyewa yamkati yamtima).

Njira za anthu

Pochiza matenda a mtima, choyambirira, muyenera kutsatira zakudya. Zakudya zotsatirazi ziyenera kukhala m'zakudya:

• nyama zopanda nyama, ng'ombe, nkhuku,
• zopangidwa mkaka,
• nsomba zamafuta ochepa,
• mafuta a azitona
• buledi wa rye, mkate wopanda tirigu, mkate wa chinangwa,
• masamba ndi zipatso zochuluka.

Ma decoctions ndi infusions kuchokera:

• hawthorn
• makungwa a msondodzi
• tiyi wobiriwira.

Ndi bwinonso kudya adyo ndi anyezi.

Imathandizira mankhwala otchuka azitsamba pochizira matenda a mtima. Zosakaniza zonse zotsatirazi zimatengedwa pa 50 g:

• Hawthorn (maluwa).
• Chiuno cha Rose.
• Zofiirira zofiirira.
• Masamba a nettle
• Masamba Sage.
• Masamba a birch.
• Mbewu za Caraway
• Herb knotweed.
• Munda wamahatchi agalu.
• Grass mistletoe.
• Yarrow

Zida zonse ndizosakanikirana. Supuni ya osakaniza amapangidwa ndi kapu ya madzi otentha. Kuumirira kwa maola atatu. Tengani msuzi katatu pa tsiku (musanadye).

Musanagwiritse ntchito maphikidwe a wowerengeka, muyenera kufunsa dokotala. Pali ma contraindication ogwiritsa ntchito zitsamba pochiza.

Zotsatira zake ndi matenda

Matenda a mtima a atherosclerotic angayambitse zovuta zazikulu monga:

• arrhasmia,
• angina pectoris
• kulephera kwina kosasintha kwa magazi,
• kugunda kwa mtima
• makkalino
• pambuyo infarction mtima.

Ndipo iyi si mndandanda wathunthu. Matenda a mtima a Atherosulinotic ndi omwe amachititsa kuti anthu ambiri azifa. Makamaka atakwanitsa zaka 50.

Kukula kwa matendawo kumatengera zomwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza ndi kukonza mkhalidwewo, komanso moyo wa wodwalayo. Kukhalapo kwa kusintha kwa pathological mu ziwalo zofunika ndikofunikanso.

Mavuto

Matenda a mtima ndi matenda opatsirana. Kusintha kwa masinthidwe am'mitsempha yama coronary kumabweretsa kukula kwa matenda akulu, omwe ali ndi chithunzi chake chachipatala:

• Angina pectoris. Amachitika ndi pang'ono kutsekeka kwa coronary mtsempha wamagazi. Imadziwoneka yokha mwanjira yosasangalatsa, monga kudzimbidwa. Kuukira koopsa kumadziwika ndi kupweteka mumtima, kukugwa kumbuyo, m'mimba, mikono, khosi, nsagwada. Kuukira kumayambitsa kupsinjika ndi zochitika zolimbitsa thupi. Pakangotha ​​mphindi 10, vuto lodana kwambiri limatha. Mankhwala okhala ndi nitroglycerin amathandizira kuukira.
• Arrhasmia. Wodwalayo amamva kugontha kwamtima, kudumpha kumenyedwa, chifuwa. Kuphatikiza apo, pali kufooka wamba, kutopa, nkhawa zopanda pake, kufupika, kupweteka pachifuwa, chizungulire, kulephera kwakanthawi kochepa.
• Kulephera kwa mtima. Pathology imadziwika ndi kufupika kwa mpweya chifukwa cha kuzimiririka kwamadzi m'mapapu. Wodwalayo akumva kutopa, watupa m'chifuwa, kutsokomola, chizungulire, kupweteka pachifuwa. Pali kutaya chilimbikitso ndi kusowa tulo.
• Kumangidwa kwa munthawi yomweyo. Zovuta kwambiri. Muyenera kuyimbira ambulansi nthawi yomweyo kuti musinthe.

Atherosulinosis ndi matenda achilengedwe. Zimasokoneza kayendedwe ka magazi mthupi lonse, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ziwonetsero zina za mtima ziwonjezeke komanso zichulukitse matenda a pathologies. Zina mwazovuta, zilonda zam'mimba, kuchepa kwa mtima, thromboembolism, mitundu yoopsa ya kulowetsedwa kwam'mnyewa wam'mimba, stroko, aneurysms, kuchepa kwa mtima (kuchuluka kwa voliyumu), ndipo kufa mwadzidzidzi kulembedwa.

Chithandizo cha Matenda a Mtima

Kusankhidwa kwa mankhwalawa kwa coronary atherosulinosis kumatengera gawo la chitukuko cha matendawa. Chifukwa cha nthawi yayitali ya asymptomatic ya pathology, sizotheka kuchiritsa. Zizindikiro ndi kupita patsogolo kwa ABS, kukula kwa zovuta kumatha kuwongoleredwa pogwiritsa ntchito njira zingapo zochizira. Uku ndikukonza njira yamoyo, mankhwala osokoneza bongo, kulowererapo kwa opaleshoni.

Kuchotsa kwa zinthu zoopsa kumachepetsa kukula kwa kusintha kwa ma atherosselotic m'matumbo a coronary. Kuthana ndi zizolowezi zoyipa, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi mokwanira, kudya zakudya zoyenera ndi ntchito zazikulu zokhazikika pamitsempha yamagazi. Zakudya za antiatherosclerotic zimaphatikizapo malamulo otsatirawa:

• Monga magwero a mapuloteni, yikani nyama yankhuku, nyama ya nkhuku (yopanda khungu), nsomba zam'nyanja, mankhwala a lactic acid okhala ndi zochepa zamafuta muzakudya. Amaloledwa kugwiritsa ntchito dzira limodzi la nkhuku patsiku.
• Ganizirani zokonda m'masamba azitona - maolivi, mpendadzuwa ndi mafuta othamangitsidwa. Pewani mafuta azinyama, ma kanjedza ndi mafuta a kokonati pazakudya.
• Mu chakudya chamagulu m'zakudya zimaphatikizapo buledi wathunthu, tirigu wochokera ku tirigu, tirigu.
• Kukhalapo kwa fiber, mavitamini ndi mchere ndizofunikira, chifukwa chake masamba ndi zipatso zimaphatikizidwa mumenyu mwanjira iliyonse.

Mankhwala

Njira zochizira ABS zimaphatikizira mankhwala osiyanasiyana omwe amasiyana ndi mankhwalawa. Mndandanda wamankhwala ofunikira ndi monga:

• Madera Mankhwala ochepetsa mphamvu ya cholesterol. Ino ndi atorvastatin, rosuvastatin.
• Ma antiplatelet. Mankhwala omwe amateteza magazi kuundana. Mwachitsanzo, Aspirin, Ticagrelor, Clopidogrel.
• Beta blockers. Amathandizira kutsitsa kugunda kwa mtima ndikuchepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi. Mu gululi, bisoprolol, nebivolol.
• Nitroglycerin. Amakulitsa mitsempha yama coronary kwakanthawi kochepa kuti magazi azikhala ndi mtima wabwino. Mankhwala amapezeka mu mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mapiritsi: mapiritsi, kutsitsi, chigamba.
• Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (Perindopril, Ramipril), angiotensin receptor blockers (Losartan, Valsartan). Magulu onse awiriwa azomwe amachepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi ndikuchepetsa kukula kwa atherosulinosis ya mtima.
• Mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Chotsani madzi ochulukirapo ndikuthandizira kuchepetsa kupanikizika. Mwachitsanzo, Furosemide, Torasemide.