Chisomo cha shuga - Mtundu woyamba wa shuga

Pofika nthawi yomwe amadziwika, odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga 1, shuga wamagazi nthawi zambiri amakhala ovomerezeka. Chifukwa chake, amakumana ndi zizindikiro zotsatirazi: kuchepa thupi kosadziwitsa, ludzu losatha, komanso kukodza pafupipafupi. Zizindikirozi zimayamba kukhala zosavuta, kapena kuzimiririka, wodwalayo akangoyamba kulandira jakisoni wa insulin. Werengani momwe mungapangire insulin kuwombera mopanda chisoni. Pambuyo pake, patatha milungu ingapo ya matenda a shuga ndi insulin, mwa odwala ambiri kufunika kwa insulin kumachepetsedwa, nthawi zina pafupifupi mpaka kumakhala zero.

Shuga wamagazi amakhalabe wabwinobwino, ngakhale mutasiya jakisoni. Zikuwoneka kuti matenda ashuga achiritsidwa. Nyengo iyi imatchedwa "phwando la tchuthi". Imatha kukhala milungu ingapo, miyezi, komanso mwa odwala ena chaka chathunthu. Ngati matenda a shuga a mtundu woyamba amuchiritsidwa pogwiritsa ntchito njira zachikhalidwe, ndiye kuti, “ndikudya moyenera” ndiye kuti “poti laukwati” limatha. Izi sizichitika pakatha chaka chimodzi, ndipo nthawi zambiri pambuyo pa miyezi 1-2. Ndipo zonyansa zimadumphira mu shuga wamagazi kuchokera kwambiri kwambiri mpaka kumayamba kotsika.

Dr. Bernstein akutsimikizira kuti "tchuthi" chitha kutalikirana kwa nthawi yayitali, pafupifupi kwa moyo wonse, ngati mtundu 1 wa matenda ashuga udwala. Izi zikutanthauza kuti azisunga chakudya chamagulu pang'ono komanso kubaya jakisoni wocheperako, yemwe amapezeka molondola.

Kodi nchifukwa chiyani nthawi ya "tchuthi" ya mtundu woyamba wa shuga imayamba ndipo bwanji imatha? Palibe lingaliro lovomerezeka pakati pa madokotala ndi asayansi pankhani iyi, koma pali malingaliro oyenera.

Maphikidwe a chakudya chamafuta ochepa a shuga 1 amapezeka pano.

Malingaliro ofotokoza zaukwati wa mtundu woyamba wa matenda ashuga

Mwa munthu wathanzi, kapamba amunthu amakhala ndi maselo ambiri a beta omwe amapanga insulin kuposa momwe amafunikira kuti akhale ndi shuga wabwinobwino. Ngati shuga wamagazi amasungidwa, ndiye kuti izi zikutanthauza kuti pafupifupi 80% ya ma cell a beta amwalira kale. Kumayambiriro kwa matenda ashuga amtundu woyamba, maselo a beta omwe atsala amayamba kufooka chifukwa cha kuwopsa kwa shuga m'magazi. Izi zimatchedwa kawopsedwe wa glucose. Pambuyo pa kuyamba kwa matenda a shuga ndi jakisoni wa insulin, maselo a beta awa amalandira "kupumula", chifukwa komwe amabwezeretsa kupanga insulin. Koma amayenera kugwira ntchito molimbika kasanu kuposa momwe zimakhalira kuti abweretse insulin.

Ngati mumadya zakudya zamafuta ambiri, ndiye kuti pakhale shuga wa magazi wambiri, womwe sangathe kuphimba jakisoni wa insulin komanso kupanga insulin yaying'ono. Zatsimikiziridwa kale kuti shuga yowonjezereka yam'magazi imapha maselo a beta. Chakudya chomwe chili ndi zakudya zamafuta ochulukirapo, shuga wamagazi amakwera kwambiri. Zoterezi zilizonse zimakhala ndi zovulaza. Pang'onopang'ono, izi zimadziunjikira, ndipo ma cell otsala a beta amatha "kutentha" kwathunthu.

Choyamba, maselo a pancreatic beta a mtundu 1 a shuga amafa chifukwa cha chitetezo cha mthupi. Cholinga cha izi sikuti ndi cell yonse ya beta, koma mapuloteni ochepa chabe. Imodzi mwa mapuloteni awa ndi insulin. Puloteni ina yomwe imalimbana ndi autoimmune imapezeka m'miyala yomwe ili m'maselo a beta momwe insulin imasungidwira "mosungira". Mtundu woyamba wa matenda ashuga utayamba, palibenso "ma" bubul "ena ogulitsa insulin. Chifukwa insulin yonse yomwe imapangidwa imadyedwa nthawi yomweyo. Chifukwa chake, kuchuluka kwa kuukira kwa autoimmune kumachepetsedwa. Malingaliro awa ochokera ku “tchuthi cha chikwati” sanatsimikiziridwebe.

Ngati mumachiza matenda amtundu woyamba wa shuga, ndiye kuti nthawi ya "tchuthi" ikhoza kukulitsidwa. Zoyenera, moyo. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kuthandizira anu kapamba, yesani kuchepetsa katundu pazomweyo. Izi zikuthandizira chakudya chamafuta ochepa, komanso jakisoni ang'onoang'ono, omwe amakhala ndi insulin.

Ambiri odwala matenda ashuga, pa nthawi yoyamba yaukwati, amayamba kupumula ndikumenya gawo lanu. Koma izi siziyenera kuchitika. Muyezetsetse magazi anu kangapo patsiku ndi kubaya insulin pang'ono kuti apatsenso kapamba.

Palinso chifukwa china choyesera chosungira maselo anu a beta amoyo. Mankhwala atsopano a shuga, monga beta-cell cloning, atayamba kuonekera, mudzakhala woyamba kusankha kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa.

Moni. Mwana wanga wamwamuna mu Novembala azikhala ndi zaka 23, kulemera kwa makilogalamu 63, kutalika 182 cm.Palibe odwala matenda ashuga pamwambowu. Amamva bwino, pakati pa zisonyezo pali kuwonda kwakanthawi m'dera la pafupifupi 18 kg pa chaka chatha komanso shuga wambiri wamwazi. Inde, m'chilimwe ndinamwa madzi ambiri, koma pomwe sikunatentha - osati kwambiri. Chilichonse ndichabwinobwino komanso chokwanira, palibe zizindikiro za matenda ashuga ndipo sizinakhalepo. Kusanthula kunaperekedwa kuti zitsimikizidwe, chifukwa anali otsimikiza kuti kuchepetsa thupi chifukwa chogwira ntchito molimbika. Mapazi maola 8 patsiku, misempha, nkhawa. M'mbuyomu, ndinachepetsa thupi kumapeto kwa lyceum, pomwe ndimamaliza mayeso, zaka 4 zapitazo, ndinso zambiri za 5-8 kg m'miyezi iwiri, nthawi yomweyo panali mayeso omaliza ndipo agogo athu anamwalira. Kenako zonse zinachira. Sitinafikebe ku endocrinologist, koma iwonso adutsa mayeso angapo omwe salimbikitsa konse. Glycated hemoglobin 9.5%, c-peptide 0.66 (chizolowezi 1.1 - 4.4), insulini 12.92 (chizolowezi 17.8 - 173). Lolemba, kucheza ndi adotolo. Ndipo ndikumvetsa bwino kuti mtundu 1 wa shuga wokhala ndi insulin udzapatsidwa kwa ife. Funso langa ndi ili: kodi ndizotheka kuti mkhalidwewo umayambitsidwa ndi kupsinjika kwakutali kuntchito komanso momwe thupi limachitikira? Kupatula apo, kuwonjezera pazowonetsa glucose m'mwazi ndi kulemera, china chilichonse ndichabwino. Kodi ndizotheka kusintha zakudya, kusiya ntchito yopanikizika, kupumula, kuyesa kusintha zizindikiro, kapena mwina kena kake kuti mufufuze - kapamba, chithokomiro cha chithokomiro, mahomoni ...? Sindikufuna kukhala pa insulin pa 23 ndikugwera mozungulira mozungulira mozungulira. Kodi milandu yopanda muyeso imatheka, monga mukuganiza? Ndipo mungalangize chiyani, kupatula kukambirana pang'ono ndi ma endocrinologists angapo, omwe nthawi yomweyo amasavuta kuyendetsa munthu kuti apange insulin mwa manambala. Malingaliro anu owona mtima ndiofunika kwambiri. Timayambira kuti? Pazokhumba ndi mphamvu - ndiye, tidzamenya nkhondo.

> ndikotheka kuti zomwe zimachitika
> kupsinjika kwakutali kuntchito
> ndi zoterezi zimachitika bwanji?

Ayi, ndi matenda ashuga, ndipo ndi owopsa. Tsatirani pulogalamu yoyeserera matenda a shuga 1 ndipo musapusitse aliyense ndi zamkhutu zilizonse.

> endocrinologists omwe nthawi yomweyo mwa manambala
> ndipo ndizosavuta kuyendetsa munthu ku insulin1

Ndikosavuta kwa ma endocrinologists kuti akupangitseni kumoto, m'malo mongokulowani mu insulin, kenako fotokozerani momwe mungabayire, momwe mungayimitsire hypoglycemia, ndi zina zambiri.

Zaumoyo wanu zimangokonda inu nokha osati wina aliyense. Ndikofunika kuti boma lithe kuyendetsa wodwalayo m'manda momwe angathere.

Zachinyengo bwanji pankhani yodalira insulin. Mukuchita chiyani ndi wokonda mankhwala osokoneza bongo, kumuyika singano? Anthu adabwera ndi insulin kuti ana ndi akulu azitha kukhala moyo wabwinobwino, osamwalira. Ndipo mumawopa mankhwalawa, ngati moto. Zoyenera kuchita kwa makolo omwe ali ndi ana kuyambira achichepere amakhala odwala matenda ashuga. Muyenera kuthandiza mwana wanu wamwamuna ndi kuchita bwino kwambiri. Ndipo gawo loyamba ndi insulin. Mwana wanga wamwamuna ali ndi matenda ashuga a miyezi 1.8 pa insulin ndi zina zotero. Mwana wamba komanso wachimwemwe.

Ndadwala kwa zaka 12 ndipo palibe ...

Moni, mwana wanga wamwamuna, wazaka 16, wapezeka ndi matenda oopsa a matenda a shuga 1 M'malo mwathu, palibe amene angalongosole bwino zomwe zimachitika ndi C-peptide 4.9 (yachilendo 0.5-3.2), ndipo kusanthula kwa GAD kwawonetsa chiwopsezo chachikulu cha standard 5, ali ndi 109 a antibodies awa, glycated 8.7 .... mwina inu, ndiuzeni kena kake, mwina pali mayeso ena omvetsetsa chifukwa chomwe izi zimachitikira.

Moni Ndinapezeka ndi matenda a shuga a 2 mu February chaka chino. Levemir adalembedwa mayunitsi 6 m'mawa ndi mayunitsi 8 madzulo, ndipo Novorapid asanadye 3, 4 ndi 4. Lero adalandira zotsatira za glycemic hemoglobin 5.5. The endocrinologist adalimbikitsa kusintha mapiritsi a diabetesone, koma nditawerenga zomwe zili patsamba lanu, ndinayamba kukayikira kuyenera kwa chithandizo chotere. Kodi ndingathe kusintha zakudya zamafuta ochepa zomwe zatsimikizidwa pa tsamba lanu ndipo nditha bwanji kuchita izi?
Siyani Levemir mpaka m'mawa ndi usiku, ndipo musamwe jakisoni Novorapid, kapena musiyeni mwachangu insulin?

Wodzipereka, Irina.

Masana abwino Ndikufuna kulandira upangiri kuchokera kwa inu, chifukwa palibe chifukwa chochezera madokotala. Mnyamata wazaka 8, ndendende chaka chapitacho, adapezeka ndi matenda a shuga 1. Mpaka pano, akhala pa chakudya chochepa-carb popanda insulin. 2 masiku apitawa Shuga adayamba kukwera kwambiri: madzulo 16! Lero ndi Morning 10. Sitimaphwanya zakudya ndipo tili ndi chitsimikizo cha izi. Tsiku loti dzulo, adalowetsa gawo limodzi ndi syringe-cholembera, pomwe shuga anali 10 (asanadye chakudya chamadzulo), zimamva ngati sanachite. Asanagone anali ndi zaka 16, jekeseni 1 wa kiyibodi (mafimu onse ndi a lilly France), m'mawa. Ndiye dzulo, asanadye chakudya, anali 10, adatenga njira yayifupi, ndikudya, kuyenda ndikuyenda asanagone 16. Ndiye insulin sikugwira ntchito. Asanagone, adabaya masitepe awiri owonjezera, usiku 3 panali 14.1. M'mawa 10.4. M'chaka chonse, pafupifupi shuga abwinobwino amasungidwa pa 4-5-6. Pakadwala kachilombo, imatha kudumphira 10, koma osakwezeka. Ogasiti 23 anali otentha (masiku 4 apitawo). Pa tsiku lino m'mawa 7.2 nkhomaliro 5.4 Madzulo 7.8. Kenako adadzimva bwino, koma shuga adakulitsidwa kwambiri masiku awiri, lero ndi lachitatu. Sitikumvetsa kuti chifukwa chiyani shuga amakwera? Mwina china kupatula chakudya, ma antigen ena (akuwoneka kuti amatchedwa) insulin? Ndipo chifukwa chiyani sitingathe kumenya shuga ndi insulin? Kodi angakhale chifukwa chiyani ndipo tingamutsitse bwanji?

Moni nonse, tinapezeka kuti tili ndi matenda ashuga amtundu 1 pa Okutobala 6, 2017. Nditamuwuza koyambirira kwa matenda a mkodzo, sindinakhulupirire konse .. Tsiku lotsatira tinapita kukayesanso mayeso, koma sanataye nthawi ndipo tinapita ku malo a endocrinology. kuyambira pomwe izi zonse zinayamba: choyambirira, kuwopa moyo wa mwana (mwana wanga adzakhala ndi zaka 11 mawa), mantha azovuta, ndipo koposa zonse, kuti sitipirira izi zonse ... Posakhalitsa ndidapeza tsamba lanu pa intaneti (lapezeka kudzera google) komanso Ndinayamba kuliwerenga mwachangu, chifukwa ndimafuna kuti ndikhale ndi zambiri kapena zochepa mtundu wina wa mawu .. ndidayamba kutsatira chakudya chochepa cha mafuta pang'ono kuyambira masiku oyambilira .. Koma kunena zoona, sitikhala ndi chakudya chochepa kwambiri: ndidatsetsa zakudya zamagulu ambiri kuchokera kuzakudya, koma zazing'ono komanso zochepa Komabe ndidasiyira kuchuluka kwawo masiku atatha .. nditatha kuyankhula ndi madotolo ambiri (adanditsimikizira kuti palibe njira yodalira chakudya). Ndidangosiyako zakudya zomwe shuga yathu imakhalabe yokhazikika mutatha kudya. Sindingathe kukwanitsa index ya shuga monga ya d. Bernstein. Shuga wathu lero amachokera ku 3.6-6.2. Zomwe ndimakondanso, ndikufuna kukhala ndi kusiyana pang'ono masana. Tsopano tili ndi kuchokera ku mbali ya mtima, maso, impso ndi miyendo zonse zikuwoneka kuti zili bwino, koma timakhala ndi nkhawa yakubisalira m'mimba, nthawi zambiri m'mawa, nthawi zina kumabweza ululu m'mimba, kupereka kumanzere kwa mpando mu masabata awiri apitawa ndi obiriwira, nthawi zambiri amadzimadzi. .Kodi izi zitha kulumikizidwa ndi chiyani? Ndiosavuta pang'ono (mpaka itazimiririka). Kodi timamwa mowirikiza tsopano? Zakudya zamafuta ochepa zimathandizadi, ngakhale mukufunikira kuyesa zinthuzo, popeza zonse ndizazokha

Pali zinthu zambiri zomwe zimapangitsa kukula kwa chisangalalo cha matenda a shuga:

zaka - okalamba wodwala, nthawi yayitali ya "tchuthi cha patchuthi",

jenda - kukhululukidwa kwa matenda ashuga mwa amuna kumakhala pafupipafupi komanso kwanthawi yayitali,

kukhalapo kwa ketoacidosis, kuchuluka kwa kagayidwe kachakudya - kuyambika kwakanthawi kwamatenda kumakulitsa kutalika kwa nthawi ya chikondwerero cha matenda ashuga,

kuchuluka kwa kubwezeretsa kwa C-peptide - kuchuluka kwa C-peptide kumathandizira kukulitsa chikhululukiro,

mankhwalawa a insulin - jakisoni woyamba wa insulin amatha nthawi yayitali.

Panthawi yachikhululukiro, odwala ena, powona kuchepa kwa mankhwala a insulin, amadzazindikira kuti sanapezeke molondola, motero, sikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito insulin.

Kuphatikiza apo, nthawi zambiri amagonjera miseru ya ochiritsa komanso wowerengeka. Poganiza kuti "tchuthi" chikuwonekera ndendende m'miyezi yoyambirira chitukuko cha matendawa, pakakhala kufufuzidwa kwakukulu kwa njira zochizira matenda ashuga, chithandizo chomwe chimayikidwa ndi kuperewera, kuphatikiza kuchotsedwa kwa matenda ashuga, chimaperekedwa ngati "kuchiritsa kozizwitsa". Koma matenda ashuga samasowa kulikonse! Zotsatira zake, m'kupita kwanthawi izi zimatsogolera ku njira yoipa. matenda ashuga.

Simuyenera kuwononga nthawi mukufufuza njira zomwe kulibe, ndibwino kuti muchitepo kanthu pakukweza "nthawi yaukwati" pa matenda ashuga. Chifukwa chaichi, adotolo amakupatsirani mankhwala a insulin, chifukwa chomwe mungakulitse ntchito ya maselo anu a beta.

Mwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga 1, nthawi zina, mitundu yapadera ya matendawa imasiyanitsidwa, chifukwa cha chithandizo chomwe sichili insulin. Likukhalira kuti matenda ashuga, omwe amakula m'miyezi isanu ndi umodzi yoyambirira ya moyo, atha kukhala chifukwa cha kusintha kwa majini a sulufanamamu beta-cell receptors. Pankhaniyi, osati insulini, koma kukonzekera kwa sulufanilamide kumafunika pochizira. Koma kuti adziwe matenda ngati amenewa, amafunika kufufuza mozama majini.

Zomwe muyenera kudziwa za matenda ashuga?

Chifukwa chachikulu chomwe chitukuko cha matenda ashuga amtundu woyamba chilili ndicho chibadwa cha majini. Koma anthu omwe makolo awo anali odwala matenda ashuga sayenera kuchita mantha, chiopsezo chotenga matenda owopsa sichidutsa 10%, kotero mutha kupewa kuyambika kwa matendawa pomvera kwambiri thanzi lanu.

Zomwe zimayambitsa kukula kwa matenda.

Zinthu zovuta zomwe zimabweretsa matendawa zimayambitsa kukula. Kugwedezeka kwambiri kwamanjenje kumatha kuyambitsa kuperewera kwa insulin m'maselo a kapamba. Pathology amathanso kupita patsogolo motsutsana ndi maziko a kuchepa kwakukulu kwa chitetezo chokwanira chifukwa cha matenda opatsirana. Chifukwa cha kufalikira kwa matenda mthupi lonse, chitetezo chazirala chimachepa, kapamba koyamba ndimavuto onse.

Palibe zovuta kulingalira chithandizo cha matenda amtundu 1 wa shuga popanda jakisoni wambiri wa insulin. Mahomoni opanga amalola odwala omwe amadalira insulin kuti azikhala moyo wabwino.

Yang'anani! Mellitus wa shuga amakhala ndi jakisoni woyamba wa insulin. Munthawi imeneyi, wodwalayo angaganize kuti matendawa adapangidwa molakwika, chifukwa shuga wamagazi amatha kukhazikika ngakhale popanda jakisoni. Ndikosatheka kukana chithandizo. Ngati mungapeze izi, muyenera kufunsa dokotala. Dotolo amasankha mtundu watsopano wa insulin mankhwala ndikuzindikira odwala matenda ashuga ndi malingaliro akulu omwe amathandizira kukulitsa chisangalalo.

Kodi kukhululuka kumawoneka bwanji?

Maukwati ndi lingaliro lofanana ndi kuchotsedwa kwa matenda a shuga mu mtundu woyamba wa matenda. Nthendayo imadziwoneka yokha ngati vuto la kapamba chifukwa chosakwanira kupanga insulin yake.

Cholinga chophwanya njira yopanga nthawi zambiri chimakhala pakugonjetsedwa kwa maselo a beta.Panthawi yodziwitsa, pafupifupi 10% ya maselo omwe amatha kupanga mahomoni amakhalabe amagwira ntchito.

Zizindikiro za matendawa zimawonekera chifukwa cha kusowa kwa insulin, chifukwa maselo otsala sangathe kutsimikizira kulowa kwake mthupi laumunthu mu kuchuluka kwa thupi lomwe mukufuna.

Pa gawo loyambirira la matendawa, wodwalayo amatha kusokonezedwa ndi izi:

ludzu losalekeza
kuwonda msanga
kutopa kwa thupi,
kulakalaka kudya, kufunika kwa maswiti.

Pambuyo pakutsimikizira kupezeka kwa matenda a shuga, wodwala amafunikira chithandizo cha insulin, timadzi timadzi timatulutsa thupi kuchokera kunja. Masabata ochepa kapena miyezi ingapo chiyambireni chithandizo, hypoglycemia imatha kukhazikitsidwa ndi insulin panthawi yayitali. Homoni imatsitsa shuga pansi pazokwera zovomerezeka.

Zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ma cell apange insulin.

Izi zimafotokozedwa ndikuti ma beta-cell omwe amakhalabe athanzi pomwe amalandila thandizo mu mawonekedwe a insulin amapitiliza kugwira ntchito yawo kuchokera kunja, ndipo insulin imapangidwa m'njira zina ndi thupi lomwe. Poyerekeza ndi momwe zinthuzi zimachitikira m'thupi la munthu, kuchuluka kwa insulin kumawonjezeka kwambiri, komwe kumapangitsa kutsika kwa shuga m'miyezo yovomerezeka.

Yang'anani! Ndi chikhululukiro chakang'ono cha matendawa, kufunikira kwa wodwalayo pakuwongolera kwa mahomoni ena kumakwaniritsidwa.

Ndikofunika kudziwa kuti Mlingo wogwira ntchito kale akhoza kupha munthu wodwala matenda ashuga nthawi imeneyi. Kukhazikitsidwa kwa kuchuluka kwa insulin kumayambitsa kukula kwa hypoglycemia. Wodwala ayenera kuonana ndi endocrinologist kuti awonetsetse kusintha kwa Mlingo womwe ukugwiritsidwa ntchito.

Ndikofunika kukumbukira kuti nthawi ya tchuthi pali pang'onopang'ono kutha kwa magwiridwe antchito a kapamba. Pakapita kanthawi, nthawi yakulekerera imatha.

Kodi shuga imatha nthawi yayitali bwanji?

Kutalika kwa nthawi yachikhululukiro cha matenda a shuga kumatengera zinthu zambiri. Mwa odwala ena, tchuthi chimatha miyezi iwiri. Koma pansi pazinthu zina, imatha kutalika kwa zaka. Pakadali pano, wodwalayo nthawi zambiri amaganiza kuti adachira kapena wapezeka molakwika.

Zachidziwikire, munthu amabwerera m'moyo wake wamasiku onse ndipo amakana kugwiritsa ntchito insulin ndi zakudya. Matenda a shuga panthawiyi "amadzuka" ndipo akuwonjezeka. Kuchepa kwakukulu kwa insulin kumatsatiridwa m'mwazi, pomwe shuga amakwera.

Yang'anani! Chisomo chaukwati ndichinthu chakanthawi. Pakadali pano, kapamba akukumana ndi katundu wambiri, yemwe amatsogolera ku kufooka kwake mwachangu. Poona izi, maselo omwe amakhalapo athanzi amwalira, matenda atsopano amatuluka.

Mndandanda wazinthu zazikulu zomwe kutalika kwa nthawi yachikhululukiro zimatha kuyimiridwa motere:

zaka odwala - nthawi yachikhululukiro ndi yayitali kwa okalamba, ana sangathe kuwona nthawi yaukwati,
wodwala mtima - matenda ashuga amabwerera kwa amayi mwachangu,
kudziwika koyambirira kwa matenda ashuga ndipo chithandizo chanthawi yake chimakupatsani mwayi wokukhululukirani kwanthawi yayitali,
chikhululukiro chidzakhala chotalika ndi mapuloteni okwanira a C-reactive.

Kusagwirizana ndi zoyenera ndi malamulo a wodwala kungakhale chifukwa chakumapeto kwa tchuthi. Choyimira chachikulu pakuwonongeka kwa thanzi la wodwalayo ndikulephera kutsatira zakudya.

Wodwala ayenera kumvetsetsa kuti kumverera kuchira mu shuga ndikunamizira. Matendawa amayambiranso kwakanthawi, ndipo mlingo wa insulin ukasiya, matenda a hyperglycemia amatha.

Ndikotheka kusamalira kapena kutalikitsa chotere; insulin management imachepetsedwa. Malangizo okhazikitsa zakudya panthawiyi ayenera kuwonedwa ndi wodwala mosakayikira. Kulephera kutsatira mfundo zoyenera nthawi zambiri kumayambitsa kuwonongeka kwakuthwa m'magazi a wodwalayo.

Mwa ana, kukhululuka sikuwoneka.

Yang'anani! Ngati matenda ashuga amapezeka mwa ana osakwana zaka 7, munthu sayenera kudalira kuchotsedwa kwa matendawa. Izi ndichifukwa choti chitetezo cha mthupi cha mwana sichidapangidwe kwathunthu, chifukwa chake imasinthitsa zovuta za matendawa.

Ndi mtundu 2 wa matenda ashuga, kuchotsedwa sikuphatikizidwa. Phwando laukwati lili ndi mtundu woyamba wa matenda ashuga.

Kodi ndizotheka kuwonjezera kukhululuka?

Kuchulukitsa tchuthi kuthandizira malamulo oyambilira omwe tafotokozedway tebulo.

Momwe mungakulitsire nthawi yachikhululukiro cha mtundu 1 shuga
Kuyamikira	Kufotokozera	Chithunzi pamakhalidwe
Kuwunikira kwamuyaya ndikukhalanso ndi moyo wabwino	Thanzi la wodwalayo liyenera kuyang'aniridwa pafupipafupi. Kunyumba, shuga yamagazi iyenera kuyang'aniridwa. Ngati mukukayikira kuti mwalakwitsa, muyenera kulumikizana ndi a Laborator ndikudutsa mayeso. Odwala okalamba ayenera kuyang'anira kuthamanga kwa magazi.	Shuga wamagazi amayenera kuyang'aniridwa.
Matenda a mtundu wa zizindikiro za chitetezo	Kusatetemera kwakukulu ndiye chinsinsi cha thanzi labwino. Wodwala adzapindula ndi matenda ake. Zosankha ziyenera kukhala ndi mavitamini. Kudya kowonjezera kwama vitamini okhala ndi mavitamini nkothandiza.	Kusatetezedwa ndiye chinsinsi cha thanzi.
Kupewa kufalikira kwa matenda osachiritsika	Odwala omwe ali ndi matenda osachiritsika a ziwalo zamkati zilizonse amafunika kulabadira kuti asadzayenso. Mawonekedwe a matendawa angayambitse kukhululukidwa.	Kukhazikitsidwa kwa insulin.
Moyo wathanzi	Kutsatira malamulo a moyo wathanzi ayenera kukhala maziko a odwala matenda ashuga nthawi zonse. Kukana kwathunthu kwa chikonga ndi kudalira mowa kumawonetsedwa. Maphunziro opepuka, kuyenda kwamadzulo mlengalenga kumapindula. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti kusachita ntchito kumakulitsa matenda.	Kuyenda panja kudzapindula.
Zakudya zoyenera	Udindo wofunikira kwambiri kwa odwala matenda ashuga ndi chakudya choyenera. Kulephera kutsatira zakudya kumatha kukhala chifukwa chachikulu chakucheperachepera kwa thanzi la wodwalayo. Zakudyazo ziyenera kukhala zazing'ono, wodwalayo azidya pafupipafupi, koma m'malo ochepa. Ndikofunikira kutsatira zakudya zama protein.	Zakudya zoyenera kwa odwala matenda ashuga.

Kulephera kutsatira malamulo omwe afotokozedwawo kumatha kuwononga mkhalidwe wa wodwalayo komanso kumapangitsa kuti matenda awonjezeke. Maselo a pancreatic amatha kusiya kutulutsa insulini pama voliyumu ofunikira. Dongosolo la mankhwala liyenera kusankhidwa ndi adokotala.

Kanema yemwe ali munkhaniyi akufotokozerani momwe mungapangire nthawi yochotsera nthawi yayitali.

Zolakwitsa zazikulu za odwala

Chovuta chachikulu chomwe odwala adachita ndicho kukana kupereka jakisoni wa insulin. Kutha kwathunthu kwa makonzedwe amakulu a mahoni kumatheka pokhapokha pokhapokha, ndikulimbikitsidwa ndi dokotala. Mtengo wa kusatsatira malamulo ngati awa ndi kuchotsa kukhululukiranso komanso kuyambiranso matenda a shuga.

Kuchotsedwa kwa matendawa ndi nthawi yomwe wodwala amafunikira. Pakadali pano, zizindikiro za matenda sizimawoneka, kufunikira kopitilira kayendedwe ka mahomoni opanga kumachepetsedwa kwambiri. Cholinga chachikulu ndikusunga tchuthi kwa nthawi yayitali.

Mtengo wa kunyalanyaza malangizo a dokotala ukhoza kukhala wokwera. Ndi kukana insulini, kukula kwa matenda osokoneza bongo ndizotheka, nthawi zina, pakubwezeretsanso, kudwala matenda a shuga ndikotheka. Osanyalanyaza kuopsa kwa matendawa, ngati pachitika zina zilizonse, muyenera kufunsa thandizo kuchipatala.

Zomwe zimatsimikizira nthawi yachikhululukiro

Chilichonse ndichokhazikika pano - kukondwerera kwa tchuthi kumatha kukhala nthawi yayitali kapena mochepera - aliyense ali ndi njira zosiyanasiyana. Koma mulimonsemo, onse odwala matenda ashuga amadutsamo. Kodi zimadalira chiyani?

Kuchokera momwe machitidwe a autoimmune amapitilira.
Ndikofunikira kuti maselo angati atsalira.
Momwe odwala matenda ashuga amadyera ndikofunikira.

Anthu ena odwala matenda ashuga amatha kukhala ndi ma insulin yaying'ono kwa nthawi yayitali. Nthawi zambiri, zimachitika kuti chikhululukiro chimatenga zaka zingapo. Kodi tingathandize bwanji kuti nthawi ya tchuthi isapitilire kapena kuti isathe konse?

Phwando la matenda ashuga a mtundu woyamba limatha kukhala nthawi yosiyana. Apa, chilichonse chimatha kukhazikika mosiyanasiyana, kutengera zinthu zosiyanasiyana zokhudzana.

Ndikofunikira kuti munthu wodwala matenda ashuga azikhala ndi zaka zingati - wamkulu ngati, momwe chitetezo champhamvu kwambiri cha antibodies chimakhalira pazisumbu za Langengars. Ndipo izi zikutanthauza kuti thukuta limatha nthawi yayitali ndi matenda ashuga 1.
Zimakhudzanso ngati mwamunayo ndi mkazi. Mwambiri, amuna amakhala ndi chikhululukiro chotalikirapo kuposa akazi.
Chifukwa cha chithandizo chanthawi yake chomwe chayamba, chikondwererochi chimatha nthawi yayitali ngati matenda amtundu woyamba.
Mapuloteni ambiri a C-reactive ndi chifukwa chabwino chokhululukirana kwanthawi yayitali.
Pamaso pa zovuta zofanana, nthawi yachikhululukiro imafupikitsidwa.

Ngakhale kuti tidazolowera kukondwerera tchuthi ngati nthawi yabwino kwambiri ukwati , nthawi zina zimabweretsa zoopsa, ngakhale zotsatira zakupha zimatheka ngati matenda atakula kwambiri.

Tsiku labwino kwa onse. Lero ndikupereka nkhani yofotokoza matenda ashuga 1. Izi zitha kukhala zothandiza kwa oyamba kumene omwe atayika pomwe Mlingo wa insulin mwadzidzidzi utayamba kuchepa, mpaka pakubwera mankhwala. Kodi izi zikutanthauza chiyani? Kubwezeretsa? Dziwani cholakwika? Ngakhale mmodzi, abwenzi.

Ndikukumbukira mwachidule zomwe zimachitika kumayambiriro kwa matenda ashuga. Monga momwe mukudziwira kale kuchokera munkhani "Zomwe zimayambitsa matenda ashuga mu ana aang'ono?", Matenda a shuga 1 amayamba chifukwa chazida za autoimmune, ndipo njirayi imayamba kale asanachitike zizindikilo zoyamba za matenda ashuga.

Zizindikiro zoyambirira za matenda ashuga zitawoneka (ludzu, pakamwa pouma, kukodza pafupipafupi, ndi zina), 20% yokha ya maselo athanzi omwe amapanga insulini amakhalapobe mu kapamba. Maselo ena onse, monga mukudziwa, achoka kupita kudziko lina.

Zizindikiro za matenda ashuga mwa ana ndizosiyana pang'ono, zomwe ndidalemba m'nkhani yapita.

Chifukwa chake, maselo awa akuvutikabe kwakanthawi, akugwira ntchito pamitengo ya 2-3-4 ndikuyesera kupatsa eni ake insulin yokwanira kuti asasowe kalikonse. Kodi mukuganiza kuti, munthu amatha kugwira ntchito mpaka pati pamasiku okwanira 2-3-4 tsiku lililonse? Nanga chidzamuchitikira ndi chiyani pamapeto?

Chifukwa chake maselo osauka pang'ono ndi pang'ono amatha mphamvu zawo, amangoyamba kutaya, ndipo insulini imayamba kuchepa. Zotsatira zake, glucose yemwe akubwera samadziwitsidwa, ndipo amayamba kudziunjikira m'magazi, pang'onopang'ono poizoni m'thupi.

Zotsatira zake, "ma magetsi opanga" amatembenuzidwa - mphamvu zowonjezera thupi. Mafuta owonjezera amayamba kuthiridwa kwambiri ndi mkodzo, ndi mpweya wotuluka, ndi thukuta.

Thupi limasinthira ku mafuta osungira - subcutaneous ndi mkati mafuta. Akawotcha mopitirira muyeso, matupi a ketone ndi acetone amapangidwa, omwe ali ndi poizoni wamphamvu omwe amachititsa poizoni, makamaka ubongo.

Chifukwa chake zizindikiro za ketoacidosis zimayamba kukulira. Pakakhala poizoni wambiri, amathyola chotchinga wamagazi ndikulowa m'mitsempha ya ubongo, ngati "aku Russia ku Kosovo." Ubongo ulibe chosankha koma kungodzipereka ndi kugona tulo tambiri - ketoacidotic coma.

Zomwe zimachitika madokotala atayamba kubayitsa insulin kuchokera kunja

Axamwali, ndife odala kwambiri kuti tikukhala m'zaka za zana la 21. Kuperewera kwa insulin tsopano kutha kuyendetsedwa kunja. Ndizovuta kuganiza kuti m'masiku agogo athu a agogo athu ngakhale agogo awo sanathe kulota zozizwitsa ngati izi. Ana onse ndi achinyamata, komanso achikulire ena anamwalirabe.

Chifukwa chake, kuyika kwa insulin kwa maselo 20% otsalawo kuli ngati mpweya wabwino. "Pambuyo pake adatumiza makonda.

"- omwe adapulumuka akusangalala. Tsopano maselo amatha kupumula, "alendo ogwira ntchito" amawagwirira ntchito.

Pakapita kanthawi (masabata angapo a 4-6), maselo otsala, atapuma ndikupeza mphamvu, amatengedwa pazomwe adabadwira - kuti apange insulin.

Pamodzi ndi insulin, gland yodutsayo imayamba kugwira ntchito bwino. Ichi ndichifukwa chake "alendo" ambiri sakufunikanso ndipo kufunika kwawo kukuchepera. Kuchuluka kwake kwa insulin yoyendetsera kumadalira kuchuluka kotsalira kwa maselo a pancreatic.

Matenda a shuga ndi matenda oopsa omwe amabwera chifukwa cha kusintha kwa ma pathological m'maselo am'mimba. Si odwala ambiri omwe amadziwa kuti chikhululukiro chitha kuchitika ndi matenda a shuga 1.

Zolemba pa tchuthi chaukwati

Pambuyo pa miyezi 6 mpaka 6 atazindikira kuti ali ndi matenda a shuga 1, wodwalayo amakhala ndi chofunikira chofuna kukhazikitsa mankhwala okhala ndi insulin. Kusintha koteroko mthupi kumafotokozedwa ndi kusintha kwa magwiridwe antchito a maselo abwinobwino a beta omwe akadalipo mu zikondamoyo zomwe zakhudzidwa.

Nthawi iyi yokhala ndi matenda a shuga 1 amodzi amatchedwa "tchuthi" kapena nthawi yachikhululukiro.

Matenda a shuga ali ndi nthawi yachikhululukiro

Malizitsani. Palibe kufunikira kwa jakisoni wa insulin; amapezeka mwa odwala 2-12% milandu.
Moperewera Pakufunikabe jakisoni wa mankhwala okhala ndi insulin ndipo osapitirira mayunitsi 0,4 pa kilogalamu ya thupi. Mwayi wokhululuka pang'ono ndikuchokera 18 mpaka 62%.

Nthawi zambiri "tchuthi" cha matenda a shuga 1 sichikhala nthawi yayitali (kuyambira 1 mpaka 3 months). Mwakamodzikamodzi, nthawi yachikhululukiro imatha kupitilira chaka chimodzi.

Ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti kusintha kwa matenda akuluakuluwa ndikosakhalitsa. Ngakhale kupanga kwa insulin kumabwezeretseka pang'ono mthupi la wodwalayo, kapamba amakumana ndi katundu wambiri, yemwe amayamba kufooka msanga.

Tisaiwale kuti kusiyanasiyana komwe kumachitika pakukula kwa wodwalayo, kupititsa patsogolo ma antibodies kuma cell otsala a beta kumachitika. Izi, zimayambitsa kukula kwa matendawa, chifukwa maselo omwe akukhudzidwa ndi chinsinsi cha insulin amawonongeka pang'onopang'ono.

Tsoka ilo, mpaka pano, asayansi sanathe kupanga mankhwala omwe amachotsa ma antibodies opanga ma cell a pancreatic. Ngakhale maphunziro apamwamba ambiri ogwira ntchito zanyama akhala akuchitika, njira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda osokoneza bongo sizingagwire ntchito kwa anthu.

Zomwe zimatsimikizira kutalika kwa chikhululukiro mu mtundu 1 wa shuga

Chithandizo cha insulin choyambirira chingatenge nthawi yayitali.

zaka za wodwalayo (odwala azaka zapakati ndi zachika nthawi imeneyi ndizitali kuposa zocheperako),
jenda (kuchotsedwa kwa matenda amtundu wa shuga 1 kwa amuna ndikutali kuposa kwa akazi),
kukhalapo kwa zizindikiro za ketoacidosis, komanso kuopsa kwa vuto la metabolic (mtundu wofatsa wa maphunzirowa umathandizira "kukwatirana ndi ukwati"),
chizindikiro cha kupanga C-peptide (chizindikiro chachikulu cha C-peptide chimatsimikizira kutalika kwakutali),
mankhwala a insulin (chithandizo choyambirira cha matenda amtundu wa 1 shuga amachititsa kuti chithandizochi chikule).

Odwala ambiri amawona kusintha kosavuta pakukhululuka, popeza kuchuluka kwa insulin kumachepa. Kwa nthawi yochepa, zitha kuwoneka kuti matendawa achoka ndipo matenda omwe adokotala adapeza siowona.

Koma pakapita nthawi, zonse zimayamba kukhala zabwinobwino ndipo matendawa amakhalanso akumva. Wodwala aliyense ayenera kumvetsetsa kuti pakadali pano matendawa ndi osachiritsika, ndipo kuwoneka bwino ndikanthawi kochepa chabe.

Chofunikira kwambiri pa “chikwati cha ukwati” ndi kutenga zonse zomwe mungathe kuti muwonjezere.

Momwe mungakulitsire nthawi yachikhululukiro cha mtundu 1 shuga

Mukachedwetsa ntchito yopanga autoaggression mthupi, mudzatha kutalikitsa nthawi ya "kokasangalala". Kuti mumvetsetse momwe mungachitire izi, muyenera kumvetsetsa zomwe zikuchitika mthupi ndikukhala ndi chidwi ndi mfundo izi:

Kuchuluka chitetezo chokwanira, nkhondo yolimbana ndi kutupa. Kupita patsogolo kwa autoaggression kumachitika chifukwa cha matenda oyambitsidwa ndi matenda. Chifukwa chake, chinthu choyamba kuchita ndikukonzanso madera omwe akhudzidwa. Ngati ndi kotheka, muyenera kupewa chitukuko cha matenda owononga, SARS. Njira zoterezi "zitha kuwonjezera moyo" wa maselo a beta, motero, nthawi yachikhululukiro cha matenda a shuga 1. Zakudya zochizira zimatenga nthawi yochulukirapo kwamatenda
Mankhwala othandizira. Zakudya zoyenera zimagwiranso ntchito yofunika. Zakudya za wodwalayo sizikhala ndi chakudya chambiri “chopepuka”, timalimbikitsidwa kudya pang'onopang'ono nthawi zonse. Kudya zakudya zamafuta kwambiri kumapangitsa kuti shuga azingowonjezereka. Pankhaniyi, insulini yochokera kunja sikokwanira, ndipo kapamba sangakhale wopatsa zipatso ngati kale. Kulephera kutsatira zakudya zapadera kumakhala ndi zovulaza m'thupi la wodwalayo. Mofulumira, maselo a beta omwe atsala adzasiya kupanga insulini, yofunikira kwambiri kuti igwire bwino ntchito.
Kuyamba koyambira kwa mankhwala a insulin. Osazengereza kuyamba kumwa insulini. Ngati dokotala wakupangirani wakupatsani jakisoni wa mankhwala okhala ndi insulini mulingo woyenera, ndiye kuti ndikofunikira kutsatira zomwe akuvomerezazo. Mankhwala a insulin omwe adayamba panthawi yake amachedwetsa kufa kwa ma cell a pancreatic.

Kodi ndi zolakwika ziti zomwe odwala amachita pakukhululukirana

Odwala amawona kuyambika kwa nyengo yachikhululukiro kukhala mphindi yakuchira ndi kusiyiratu insulin. Kuthana kwathunthu kwa mankhwala a insulini kudzakhala kulakwitsa kwakukulu panthawi ya "kukonzekera ukwati".

Pazochepa zochepa chabe, jakisoni wa insulin amatha kudziwika kwakanthawi. Mu 97% ya milandu, chithandizo chokwanira ndi insulini chidzafunika, koma pamlingo wochepetsedwa.

Kupanda kutero, chikhululukiro chitha posachedwapa, zomwe zidzaphatikizana ndi zovuta - matenda a shuga omwe amapezeka.

Kuthana kwa mankhwala a insulini ndikulakwitsa panthawi ya "kokasangalala"

Musanayimitse maphunziro anu adokotala, muyenera kuganizira mosamala. Nthawi zambiri, wodwalayo panthawi ya "kukonzekera uchi" adzafunika chithandizo choyambirira, chomwe chimatanthawuza kuyambitsa jakisoni wa insulin kufikira momwe angafunikire kupanga tsiku ndi tsiku.

Insulin yokhudzana ndi zakudya imatha kuchotsedwa nthawi zambiri. Kusankha koteroko kumapangidwa kokha ndi dokotala potengera chithunzi cha chipatala chomwe adapeza pakafukufukuyu.

Ngati simukuchepetsa mlingo wa insulin panthawi yachikhululukiro, izi zimaphatikizanso zovuta, chifukwa hypoglycemia imayamba. Kuyamba kwa nthawi imeneyi kumatha kutha kwa chithandizo kuchipatala kapena nthawi yayitali itatha.

Kupewa zotsatira zoyipa zaumoyo, ndikofunikira kufunsa dokotala kuti mudziwe kuchuluka kwa insulini. Mlingo wake umachepetsedwa pang'onopang'ono, akapatsidwa zizindikiro za glycemia.

Pambuyo pakutsimikizira mtundu wa 1 shuga mellitus, ndikofunikira kuwongolera chizindikiro cha shuga m'magazi, kutsatira malangizo a dokotala, kumwa mlingo woyenera wa insulin. Pokhapokha pokhapokha pazotheka kukulitsa "tchuthi" ndikuletsa kukula kwa zovuta.

Osafunafuna njira zochiritsira matendawo. Kudzipatsa nokha mankhwala ochiritsira wowerengeka sikungadzetse phindu, koma kuvulaza. Ndikofunikira kuphunzira momwe mungakhalire ndi matendawa, chifukwa palibe njira ina. Khalani ndi chidwi ndi thanzi lanu, chithandizo chovuta chokha chomwe chingakuthandizeni kukhala ndi vuto loyenerera.

Chisomo cha matenda ashuga: ndi chiyani kwa odwala matenda ashuga?

Anthu omwe adziwa kuti adziwa okha tanthauzo la matenda ashuga ndi ukwati. Zowona, izi zimagwira ntchito kwa odwala matenda ashuga 1.

Kodi chisangalalo chauchi ndi chiyani, ndipo ndi mfundo zazikulu ziti zomwe muyenera kuzisamalira.

Type 1 shuga mellitus, monga lamulo, amadziwonekera mwa achinyamata (mpaka zaka makumi awiri ndi zisanu) kapena ana. Kukula kwa matenda am'mimba kumachitika chifukwa cha malfunctions mu magwiridwe antchito a kapamba.

Popeza ndi thupi ili lomwe limayang'anira kupangika kwa insulin ya mahomoni mu kuchuluka koyenera kwa thupi la munthu. Zotsatira za kukula kwa matendawa, ma cell a beta amawonongedwa ndipo insulin imatsekedwa.

Zomwe zikuluzikulu zimayambira

Kubadwa kwa chibadwa kapena chinthu chobadwa nacho kumatha kudzetsa nthendayo mwa mwana ngati m'modzi mwa makolo atazindikira izi. Mwamwayi, izi sizimawoneka nthawi zambiri, koma zimangowonjezera chiopsezo cha matendawa.

Kupsinjika kwakukuru kapena kusokonezeka kwa malingaliro nthawi zina kumatha kukhala ngati lever yomwe ingayambitse kukula kwa matendawa.

Zomwe zikuwonetsa ziwonetserozi zikuphatikiza matenda opatsirana omwe amapezeka posachedwa, monga rubella, mumps, hepatitis kapena chikuku.

Matenda amakhudzanso thupi lonse, koma kapamba amayamba kuvutika kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, chitetezo cha mthupi cha munthu chimayamba kudziwonongera pawokha maselo a chiwalochi.

Mbali zazikuluzikulu zochizira mankhwalawa

Sonyezani shuga yanu kapena sankhani jenda kuti muyimikize.

Ndizosatheka kulingalira mankhwala omwe angatengere chithandizo cha matenda osokoneza bongo popanda insulin.

Odwala omwe ali ndi vutoli amadalira majakisoni oterowo kuti athe kukhala ndi moyo wabwinobwino.

Mankhwala a insulin amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi aliyense, ngakhale mwana akhale wodwala kapena wamkulu. Zitha kuphatikizira magulu otsatirawa a mahomoni otumizira amtundu wa matenda ashuga 1:

Yaifupi ndi ya insulin. Mphamvu ya jakisoni imawonekera mofulumira, mukakhala ndi nthawi yochepa yochita. Chimodzi mwa mankhwala omwe ali mgululi ndi mankhwala a Actrapid, omwe amayamba kuchita ndikuchepetsa shuga m'magazi mphindi makumi awiri pambuyo pa jakisoni. Zotsatira zake zimatha kupitilira maola awiri kapena anayi.
Homoni wodziwika pakatikati amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiritsa, chifukwa amatha kuchepetsa kuyamwa kwa insulin m'magazi a anthu. Woimira gulu ili la mankhwalawa ndi Protafan NM, zomwe zimayamba kuwonekera patatha maola awiri jekeseni litatha ndipo limakhalabe m'thupi kwa maola ena eyiti mpaka khumi.
Kuchita insulin kwa nthawi yayitali kumatha kugwira ntchito mpaka maola makumi atatu ndi zisanu ndi chimodzi. Mankhwala omwe amaperekedwa amayamba kuchita pafupifupi maola 10 mpaka 12 jekeseni.

Thandizo loyamba, lomwe lingachepetse shuga wamagazi, limakhazikitsidwa pazinthu zotsatirazi:

Jekeseni yachindunji ya insulin imaperekedwa. Monga lamulo, mankhwalawa a gululi amakhala ndi mphamvu yochepa komanso yochepa kwambiri, amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati thandizo loyamba. Nthawi yomweyo, kwa munthu aliyense, mankhwala okonzekera mankhwala amasankhidwa payekha.
Mankhwala amlomo amagwiritsidwa ntchito omwe amathandiza kutsika shuga.

Magawo oyamba a mankhwala a insulin angayambitse chisangalalo cha matenda ashuga.

Chinsinsi cha kuwonekera kwa nyengo yachikhululukiro

Phokoso lokhala ndi chitukuko cha matenda a shuga amtundu woyamba amatchedwanso nthawi yakuchotsa matendawa. Izi matenda amawonetsedwa chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito molakwika kapamba osati kupanga insulin mwa kuchuluka kofunikira. Izi zimachitika chifukwa chakugonjetsedwa kwa ma cell a beta.

Pakadali pano wodwala atapezeka, pafupifupi gawo limodzi mwa magawo khumi a kuchuluka kwawo amagwirabe ntchito moyenera. Chifukwa chake, maselo otsala a beta sangatulutse kuchuluka kofanana kwa mahomoni monga kale. Zizindikiro zazikulu za matenda a shuga zimayamba kudziwonetsa:

ludzu lalikulu komanso kuchuluka kwa madzimadzi
kutopa ndi kuwonda msanga.
kulakalaka kudya komanso kusowa kwa maswiti.

Pambuyo pozindikira kuti wodwalayo akhazikika, wodwalayo amapatsidwa njira ya insulin. Chifukwa chake, thupi limayamba kulandira kuchuluka kofunikira kwa mahomoni kuchokera kunja, m'njira yakunja.

Pakapita nthawi, yomwe imatha kudziwonekera mu miyezi yochepa, chithunzi chotsatirachi chikuwonetsedwa - kuyang'anira insulin m'mbuyomu kumachepetsa shuga pansi pamiyezo yambiri ndipo hypoglycemia imayamba kuwonekera.

Kufotokozera izi ndizosavuta - maselo a beta adalandira thandizo lawo m'njira zothandizira jakisoni wa insulin, yomwe idapereka mwayi wochepetsera katundu m'mbuyomu.

Atapuma, amayamba kukulitsa mphamvu za kutalika kwa mahomoni ofunikira m'thupi, ngakhale kuti omalizirawo akupitilizabe kubayidwa. Chifukwa cha izi, kuchuluka kwa insulini m'thupi kumawonedwa, komwe kumapangitsa kutsika kwa shuga m'magazi ochepera.

Uku ndikutetezedwa kwa thupi, kulimbana ndi mphamvu yake yonse popanda thandizo lakuchipatala motsutsana ndi ma antibodies aukali opangidwa mthupi. Kuchepa pang'onopang'ono kwa ndulu kumachitika, ndipo pamene mphamvu zake zikusiyana (ma antibodies amapambana, kuchuluka kwa insulin m'mwazi kumachepa), chikwatu cha matenda ashuga chimatha.

Mpaka pano, pali mitundu iwiri yachikhululukiro kapena nthawi yochepa ya shuga.

Chikhululukiro chonse ndichotheka awiri peresenti ya odwala onse ndipo amakhala mu kuchotsa kwathunthu jakisoni wa insulin

Kusiya pang'ono kwa uchi - kufunika kwa jakisoni wothandizila. Pankhaniyi, mlingo umachepetsedwa kwambiri. Mwachizolowezi, 0,4 unit ya mankhwala pa kilogalamu yovomerezeka ya odwala ndi yokwanira.

Ndi nthawi yanji yomwe chikhululukiro chitha kupitilira?

Kutalika kwa chikhululukiro kumatengera zinthu zosiyanasiyana ndipo kumatha kukhala pa mwezi umodzi mpaka miyezi itatu. Milandu pamene tchuthi cha ukwati umatha chaka chimodzi chimawonedwa kangapo. Wodwalayo akuyamba kuganiza kuti matendawa amayamba kapena amapezeka molakwika, pomwe matenda ake amapezekanso patsogolo.

Chochitika chosakhalitsa chimakhala chifukwa chakuti zikondamoyo zimayikiridwa katundu wolemera, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti madzi ake achepe. Pang'onopang'ono maselo a beta athanzi amafa, zomwe zimayambitsa matenda atsopano a shuga.

Zinthu zazikulu zomwe zingakhudze kutalika kwa nthawi yachikhululukiro ndi izi:

Gulu lazaka zomwe wodwala ali. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti munthu akamakula, amatha nthawi yayitali kuti abwerere ku matenda ake. Ndipo chifukwa chake, ana omwe ali ndi matenda omwe adadziwika sangathe kuwona mpumulo.
Malinga ndi ziwerengero zamankhwala, kutalika kwa nthawi yochotsedwa kwa akazi ndi kochepa kwambiri kuposa chofanana ndi chofanana ndi amuna.
Ngati matenda a shuga a mtundu woyamba adapezeka m'mayambiriro a chitukuko chake, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti athandizidwe panthawi yake komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a insulin, mwayi wowonjezera nthawi ya uchi ukuwonjezeka. Mapeto ake, chithandizo cha mochedwa chimabweretsa kuti pakhale zosokoneza zazikulu za kagayidwe kachakudya ndi chiwopsezo cha ketoacidosis.

Zomwe zimakhudza kutalika kwa chikhululukiro zimaphatikizira kukwera kwa c-peptide.

Kodi kukulitsa nthawi yachikhululukiro?

Mpaka pano, palibe njira ndi njira zowonjezerera nthawi yachikhululukiro. Nthawi yomweyo, akatswiri azachipatala amalimbikitsa kuti azisamalira pazinthu zingapo.

Nthawi zonse yang'anirani thanzi lanu ndipo khazikitsani chitetezo chamthupi. Popeza, matenda a shuga amawonetseredwa nthawi zambiri chifukwa cha matenda opatsirana, omwe amatsogolera ku chiwonetsero cha autoaggression. Chifukwa chake, gawo loyamba la odwala matenda ashuga aliyense liyenera kukonzanso madera omwe akhudzidwa - kupewa nyengo yozizira, chimfine.

Kutsatira kwambiri zakudya zamagetsi kumachepetsa katundu paziphuphu, zomwe, zimathandizira ntchito yopulumuka maselo a beta. Zakudya za tsiku ndi tsiku siziyenera kuphatikizapo kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamafuta ndi zakudya zoletsedwa.

Ndikofunikira kuonetsetsa kuti chakudya chizikhala chokwanira m'thupi m'malo ochepa. Ndiye chifukwa chake madokotala nthawi zonse amalimbikitsa kudya pafupifupi kasanu patsiku popanda kudya kwambiri. Kudyetsa magazi kwambiri kuyenera kuyang'aniridwa mosamala, chifukwa izi zimawonjezera katundu pa kapamba.

Kudya zakudya zosaloledwa kapena za shuga zomwe zimapangitsa kuti magazi anu achulukane mofulumira. Tiyenera kudziwa kuti kusunga zakudya zamapulogalamu a shuga nthawi zonse kumakhala ndi gawo lofunikira. Kulephera kutsatira malangizowo kudzatsogolera poti maselo a beta otsalawo amasiya kupanga insulini yofunikira m'thupi.

Kuyamba koyambira kwa njira yochizira. Dziwani kuti pankhaniyi, muyenera kumukhulupirira dokotala yemwe amapezekapo. Ndipo, ngati katswiri wa zamankhwala atapereka maphunziro a insulin, zikutanthauza kuti wodwala amafunikira njira zoterezi.

Simuyenera kukhulupirira kutsatsa kwamakono kapena njira zozizwitsa zamankhwala ena, zomwe zimalonjeza kuchiritsa matenda m'masiku ochepa komanso osamwa mankhwala. Mpaka pano, palibe njira yomwe ingachotsere matenda ashuga amtundu wa 1 kwathunthu.

Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito nyengo yotereyi kuti muchepetse kuchuluka kwa jakisoni ndikulola kuti thupi lizitha kupirira.

M'mbuyomu chithandizo cha matendawa, kugwiritsa ntchito jakisoni wa insulin kumathandizira kuwonjezera kukhululuka.

Ndi zolakwa ziti zomwe zimachitika pakukhululuka?

Cholakwa chachikulu chomwe chimapangidwa ndi odwala onse ndi kukana kutenga jakisoni wa insulin. Tiyenera kudziwa kuti nthawi zina pamakhala kuvomerezedwa ndi dokotala, kupendekera kwakanthawi kwakanthawi kwa kayendetsedwe ka hormone kumaloledwa.

Monga lamulo, awa ndi magawo awiri a milandu yonse. Odwala ena onse ayenera kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa insulini yakunja, koma osangoisiya kwathunthu.

Wodwala akangopanga chisankho ndikusiya kuperekera insulin, nthawi yakutuluka ikhoza kuchepetsedwa, chifukwa ma cell a beta amasiya kulandira thandizo lomwe angafune.

Kuphatikiza apo, ngati simuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa jakisoni ndi Mlingo wa insulin, izi zitha kubweretsanso zotsatirapo zoyipa. Kuchulukitsa kwa mahomoni kumawonekera posachedwa monga kukula kwa hypoglycemia kwakanthawi ndipo kuchepa kwakukulu m'magazi a shuga.Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kufunsa dokotala ndikuwunikanso Mlingo wa insulini womwe ulipo.

Ngati wodwala wapezeka ndi matenda amtundu wa 1, izi zikutanthauza kuti kuwunika pafupipafupi komanso kokhazikika kwa ashuga kukufunika. Kupeza glucometer kumathandizira odwala matenda ashuga, omwe nthawi zonse amalola kutsata ma glucose. Izi zikuthandizani kuti muzitha kudziwa nthawi ya chikondwerero, kuwonjezera pa tsogolo lanu komanso kupewa mavuto.