C-peptides mu shuga mellitus mtundu 1 ndi 2: zikutanthauza chiyani ngati chizindikiro chawonjezereka kapena kuchepa, ndipo shuga ndi wabwinobwino

Kuti adziwe molakwika kuchuluka kwa insulini yokhala ndi ma antibodies, omwe amasintha zizindikiro, kuwapanga ochepa. Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito pochita kuphwanya kwambiri chiwindi.

Kuti mudziwe mtundu wa matenda am'mimba otsekemera a shuga komanso mawonekedwe a maselo a pancreatic beta posankha njira yamankhwala.

Kuzindikira zotupa za kapamba pambuyo poti amuchotsetse magazi.

Kuyesedwa kwa magazi kumayikidwa pa matenda otsatirawa:

Mtundu woyamba wa shuga, momwe mapuloteni otsika kwambiri.

Type 2 shuga mellitus, momwe zizindikiro zake ndizapamwamba kuposa zofananira,

Mkhalidwe wakuchotsa kwa khansa mu kapamba,

Kusabereka ndi chifukwa chake - polycystic ovary,

Matenda a shuga okhathamiritsa (chiwopsezo cha mwana chikufotokozedwa),

Zovuta zingapo pakusintha kwa kapamba,

Kuphatikiza apo, kuwunikaku kumakuthandizani kuti muzindikire zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a hypoglycemic mu shuga. Chizindikirochi chikuwonjezeka ndi insulinoma, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ochepetsa shuga.

Gawo limatsitsidwa, monga lamulo, mutamwa mowa wambiri kapena kutsutsana ndi kukhazikitsidwa kwa insulin yakale mosalekeza.

Phunziro limayikidwa ngati munthu wadandaula:

chifukwa cha ludzu losalekeza

kuchuluka kwamkodzo,

kunenepa.

Ngati kupezeka kwa matenda a shuga mellitus kwachitika kale, ndiye kuti kuwunikira kumachitika kuti muwone mtundu wa chithandizo. Chithandizo chosasankhidwa bwino chimakhala ndi zovuta: nthawi zambiri, anthu amadandaula chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa miyendo ndikuchepetsa mphamvu ya miyendo. Kuphatikiza apo, zizindikiro za kusagwira bwino kwa impso ndi matenda oopsa zitha kuonedwa.

Magazi a venous amatengedwa kuti awoneke. Kwa maola asanu ndi atatu musanayambe kuphunzira, wodwalayo sangathe kudya, koma mutha kumwa madzi.

Ndikofunika kuti musasute fodya osachepera maola atatu musanachite njirayi komanso kuti musamachite masewera olimbitsa thupi kwambiri komanso kuti musachite mantha. Zotsatira zakuwunika zitha kudziwika patatha maola atatu.

Chikhalidwe cha C-peptide ndi kutanthauzira

Chikhalidwe cha C-peptide ndichofanana kwa akazi akulu ndi abambo. Zotsatira sizitengera zaka za odwala ndipo ndi 0,9 - 7.1ng / ml.

Monga lamulo, mphamvu ya peptide imafanana ndi mphamvu ya ndende ya insulin. Kuthamanga kwamtunda ndi 0.78 -1.89 ng / ml (SI: 0.26-0.63 mmol / L).

Zakudya za ana munthawi iliyonse zimatsimikiziridwa ndi adokotala, popeza kuchuluka kwa chinthu chomwe mwana ali nacho mu nthawi ya kusala kudya kumatha kutsika pang'ono kuposa malire amodzi, popeza kachidutswa ka molekyulu ya proinsulin imasiya maselo a beta atangodya.

C-peptide ikhoza kuchuluka ndi:

• Hypertrophy yama cell a islets a Langerhans. Madera a Langerhans amatchedwa madera a kapamba momwe insulin imapangidwira,
• kunenepa
• insulinoma
• mtundu 2 shuga
• khansa ya kapamba
• kuleza kwakutali kwa QT,
• kugwiritsa ntchito sulfonylureas.
• Kuphatikiza pazomwe zili pamwambapa, C-peptide imatha kuwonjezereka mukatenga mitundu ina ya othandizira a hypoglycemic ndi estrogens.

C-peptide imachepetsedwa:

• hypoglycemia,
• mtundu 1 shuga.

Komabe, zimachitika kawirikawiri kuti mulingo wa peptide m'magazi pamimba yopanda kanthu ndi wabwinobwino, kapena wapafupi ndi wabwinobwino. Pankhaniyi, ndizosatheka kudziwa mtundu wa matenda ashuga omwe munthu ali nawo. Muzochitika zoterezi, ndikofunikira kuti mupange mayeso apadera olimbikitsidwa kuti chizolowezi cha wodwala wina chidziwike.

Phunziroli litha kuchitidwa pogwiritsa ntchito:

Jakisoni wa Glucagon (wokonda insulin), amalembedwa motsimikizika kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda oopsa kapena pheochromocytoma,

Mayeso a kulolera a glucose.

Ndilabwino kwambiri kuyendetsa zinthu zonsezi: kuwunika pamimba yopanda kanthu komanso kuyesedwa koyesedwa. Tsopano ma labotale osiyanasiyana amagwiritsa ntchito zida zosiyanasiyana kuti mupeze kuchuluka kwa chinthucho, ndipo chizolowere ndichosiyana pang'ono.

Popeza talandira zotsatira za kuwunikirako, wodwalayo amatha kuyerekezera ndekha ndi zomwe amagwiritsa ntchito.

Peptide ndi shuga

Mankhwala amakono amakhulupirira kuti ndi C-peptide ndizosavuta kuyang'anira insulin. Kugwiritsa ntchito kafukufuku, ndikosavuta kusiyanitsa pakati pa insulin (yomwe imapangidwa ndi thupi) insulin ndi insulin yakunja. Mosiyana ndi insulini, oligopeptide sayankha ma antibodies a insulin, ndipo sawonongeka ndi ma antibodies awa.

Popeza mankhwala a insulin mulibe chinthu ichi, kuyika kwake m'magazi a wodwalayo kumapangitsa kuti kuyesa kuchitika kwa maselo a beta. Kumbukirani: maselo a pancreatic beta amatulutsa insulin.

Mwa munthu yemwe ali ndi matenda ashuga, gawo loyambira la peptide, makamaka kuphatikiza kwake patatha shuga, zimapangitsa kuti zimvetsetse ngati pali insulin. Kuphatikiza apo, magawo azikhululukiro amatsimikiziridwa, omwe amakupatsani mwayi kuti musinthe mankhwalawo.

Poganizira zinthu zonsezi, titha kunena kuti kusanthula kwa thunthuli kumatilola kuwunika momwe insulin ikusungidwa pazochitika zosiyanasiyana.

Mwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga omwe ali ndi ma antibodies ku insulin, mlingo wokwezeka wa C-peptide nthawi zina umatha kuwonedwa chifukwa cha ma antibodies omwe amadutsana ndi proinsulin.

Chofunika kwambiri chizisinthidwa pakusintha kwa mankhwalawa chifukwa cha ntchito ya insulinomas. Mulingo wapamwamba umawonetsa chotupa kapena metastases yobwerezabwereza.

Chonde dziwani: pakagwidwe ka chiwindi kapena matenda a impso, kuchuluka kwa magazi a oligopeptide ndi insulin kungasinthe.

Kafukufuku akufunika pa:

Kuzindikira matenda ashuga

Kusankha kwa mitundu yamankhwala

Kusankha mtundu wa mankhwala ndi mankhwala,

Mayeso a Beta cell akusowa

Kuzindikira kwa matenda a hypoglycemic,

Ziwerengero zakupanga insulin,

Kuwunikira momwe atachotsera kapamba.

Kwa nthawi yayitali anthu ankakhulupirira kuti chinthucho sichikhala ndi ntchito zapadera, ndikofunikira kuti mulingo wake ukhale wabwinobwino. Pambuyo pazaka zambiri zakufufuza ndi mazana a mapepala asayansi, zinadziwika kuti puloteni iyi yovuta kwambiri imakhudzidwa:

• Ndi nephropathy,
• Ndi neuropathy
• Ndi matenda ashuga angiopathy.

Komabe, asayansi sanadziwebe momwe njira zoteteza zinthuzi zimagwirira ntchito. Mutuwu udakali wotseguka. Palibe mafotokozedwe asayansi pa izi, komabe, komanso chidziwitso pazotsatira za C-peptide ndi zoopsa zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito. Komanso, madokotala aku Russia ndi ku Western pano alephera kuvomereza ngati kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa kuli koyenera chifukwa cha zovuta zina za matenda ashuga.

Zizindikiro zakusanthula

Kufunika kwa kusanthula kwa C-peptides kumawerengedwa monga kufotokozera kwa kapangidwe ka insulin. Izi ndi gawo lama proinsulin opangidwa mthupi la munthu. Ndi shuga wambiri m'magazi, kuthekera kwa kusantaku kulibe.

Ndi chiwonetsero chowonjezeka, maphunziro owonjezera amafunikira omwe atha kuthana ndi mavuto awa:

• kudziwa kuchuluka kwa insulin m'magazi,
• mvetsetsa zomwe zimayambitsa hypoglycemia,
• Dziwani madera abwino a kapamba ngati ntchito itachitika,
• Dziwani ntchito za ma antibodies okhudzana ndi insulin,
• sinthani zochitika za beta za cell 1 kapena 2 mtundu wa shuga.

Izi zidzakuthandizani kuti mupeze chithandizo choyenera.

Chifukwa chake, zomwe zikuwonetsa kuwunikira kwa C-peptides ndi izi:

• kudziwa mtundu wa matenda
• kusankha mankhwala a matenda,
• matenda a hypoglycemia,
• kufunikira kuwunika momwe achinyamata onenepa kwambiri,
• kuwunika mkhalidwe wa kapamba mukakana insulin,
• ndi matenda a chiwindi, kupanga insulin kuyenera kuyendetsedwa,
• ndi polycystic ovary syndrome mwa akazi,
• atachotsa kapamba kuti azilamulira.

Kukonzekera kopereka magazi

Popeza insulin imapangidwa ndi kapamba, ndiye kuti kafukufuku amafunika kuti ayang'anire momwe amagwirira ntchito. Izi zikutanthauza kuti njira isanachitike, zakudya zofunika kuzisamalira ziyenera kuthandizanso kuti thupi lizigwira ntchito bwino.

Kukonzekera zopereka za magazi pokonzanso zikuphatikiza zinthu izi:

Kodi c-peptide ndi chiyani

Mu kapamba, proinsulin imapangidwa - polypeptide unyolo womwe umakhala ndi zotsalira 84 amino acid. Pakadali pano, mankhwalawa si mahomoni. Pamene proinsulin amasuntha maselo kuchokera ku ribosomes kupita m'magulu am'madzi, amawonongeka pang'ono, amasintha kuchoka ku chinthu chochepa kupita insulin. Panthawi yopanga insulin yachilengedwe, imasiyanitsidwa ndi c-peptide. Zotsalira za 33 amino acid zimapukutidwa kuyambira kumapeto kwa unyolo, ndi cholumikizira cholumikizira - gawo lokhazikika la proinsulin.

Hafu ya moyo imatenga nthawi yayitali kuposa ya insulini, motero, peptide ndi chinthu chokhazikika. Katswiriyu amayikira mayeso a labotale kwa c-peptide kuti adziwe kuchuluka kwa insulin yomwe imapangidwa. Zotsatira zodalirika zimapezeka ngati wodwala atenga ma hormone opanga. Wodwala akapezeka ndi matenda amtundu 1, thupi lake limakhala ndi ma antibodies a autoimmune. Potere, kuwunikaku kudzaperekanso kuyerekezera kwenikweni kwa kuchuluka kwa c-peptide.

Zizindikiro za basal c-peptide zimathandizira kuzindikira zamkati zomwe anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga amakumana nawo. Chifukwa cha izi, ndizotheka kukhazikitsa magawo omwe kufooka kwa zizindikiro za matendawa kapena kufalikira kwake, ndikusintha njira zamakono zamankhwala. Ubale wa c-peptide ndi insulin ungasinthe ngati wodwala akudwala matenda a impso ndi chiwindi.

Amakhulupirira kuti kugwiritsa ntchito c-peptide mu insulin mankhwala kumathandiza kupewa zovuta za matenda ashuga.

Zizindikiro pakuwunikira kwa C-peptide

Katswiri akuwunikira kuti asanthule ma c-peptides kuti adziwe:

• mtundu wa shuga wodwala winawake,
• njira zochizira matenda,
• mkhalidwe womwe kuchuluka kwa shuga kumakhala kosavuta,
• kukhalapo kwa insulinomas,
• mkhalidwe wa kapamba ndi mkhalidwe wa wodwalayo motsutsana ndi matendawo
• limafotokozera za kupanga kwa mahomoni mukuwonongeka kwa chiwindi.

Kuphatikiza pa izi, kusanthula kumafunika kuti munthu adziwe momwe mayi yemwe ali ndi polycystic ovary syndrome komanso achinyamata onenepa kwambiri omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga.

Kukonzekera kwa kusanthula

Pali malamulo ena opereka magazi kwa c-peptide. Asanapereke kusanthula, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tizitsatira zakudya zoyenera (kupewa mafuta, okoma, ufa).

Kuphatikiza apo, njira zotsatirazi ziyenera kuonedwa:

Kuzindikira kwa shuga - ingomwani tsiku lililonse.

• kumwa zakumwa zopanda shuga (makamaka madzi oyera opanda mpweya),
• ndizoletsedwa kumwa mowa ndi kusuta ndudu madzulo a kafukufukuyu,
• musamwe mankhwala (ngati kukana ndikosatheka, muyenera kulemba zolemba pafomu yoloza),
• pewani kupsinjika kwakuthupi ndi kwamaganizidwe.

Magazi amatengedwa pamimba yopanda kanthu, kotero chakudya chomaliza chiyenera kukhala osachepera maola 8 mayeso asanachitike,

Kusanthula

Monga tanena kale, mayeso a c-peptide amaperekedwa pamimba yopanda kanthu, chifukwa chake ndibwino kupereka magazi mutadzuka musanadye chakudya cham'mawa. Biomaterial imatengedwa ngati njira yokhazikika: pambuyo podzikunda, magazi amatengedwa kuchokera m'mitsempha ndikuika mu chubu chosabala (nthawi zina, chubu cha gel imatengedwa).

Ngati hematoma ikadalipo pambuyo pa kupuma, dokotalayo angalimbikitse kuvomereza kutentha. Zotsatira zotsalira zazomwe zimayendetsedwa ndi centrifuge. Chifukwa chake, seramuyo imalekanitsidwa, yomwe imasungidwa pamtengo wotsika, kenako imayang'aniridwa pansi pa microscope pogwiritsa ntchito ma reagents osiyanasiyana.

Nthawi zina magazi othamanga amawonetsa zotsatira zoyenera. Pakadali pano, dokotala sangadziwe zoyenera, chifukwa chake amamuwonetsa mayeso owonjezera. Phunziroli, limaloledwa kudya magawo atatu a mkate isanachitike njira kapena gwiritsani ntchito jakisoni wa mankhwala a insulin (ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti majekeseniwa ndi oponderezedwa ngati magazi atachitika). Ndikofunika kuchita kafukufuku wa 2 nthawi imodzi (kusala komanso kukondoweza) kuti mupeze chithunzi chonse cha momwe wodwalayo alili.

Kulemba zotsatira

Magazi akatengedwa, zotsatira za kafukufukuyu zimatha kupezeka kwa maola atatu. Seramu yotengedwa m'magazi iyenera kusungidwa kutentha kwa -20 madigiri osapitilira miyezi itatu.

Zosintha pamlingo wa c-peptide zimafanana ndi kuchuluka kwa insulin m'magazi. Dokotalayo amayanjanitsa zotsatira ndi chizolowezi. Nthawi zambiri, pamimba yopanda kanthu, kuzungulira kwa peptide kuyenera kuchokera pa 0.78 mpaka 1.89 ng / ml (mu dongosolo la SI - 0.26-0.63 mm / l). Zizindikirozi sizikhudzidwa ndi msinkhu komanso chikhalidwe cha munthu. Ngati chiŵerengero cha insulini mpaka c-peptide ndi 1 kapena kuchepera, izi zikutanthauza kuti secretion ya insulin. Ngati zoposa 1 - pakufunika insulin yowonjezera.

Kuchuluka kwamakhalidwe

Ngati zomwe zili mu c-peptides zidapitilira zomwe zili zofunikira, ndikofunikira kuzindikira zomwe zimayambitsa izi.

Mulingo wokwezeka wa peptide ukhoza kuwonetsa zochitika zingapo za odwala:

Timapereka kuchotsera kwa owerenga tsamba lathu!

• kupezeka kwa insulinomas,
• kufalikira kwa kapamba ndi maselo a beta,
• kukhazikitsidwa kwa mankhwala a hypoglycemic,
• kulephera kwa aimpso
• matenda a chiwindi
• onenepa kwambiri
• ovary polycystic,
• kugwiritsa ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali glucocorticoids kapena estrogens mwa amayi,
• kukula kwa matenda ashuga amtundu wa 2.

Kumayambiriro kwa chitukuko cha matenda ashuga amtundu wa 2, hyperinsulinemia imachitika, yomwe imawonekeranso ndikuwonjezeka kwa msana wa peptide. Puloteni akamachulukana, ndipo glucose amakhala m'malo mwake, kukana insulini kapena mawonekedwe apakatikati (prediabetes). Pankhaniyi, wodwalayo amapatsa mankhwala, kuthana ndi matendawa mothandizidwa ndi zakudya zapadera komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi.

Ngati insulini itakwera ndi ma peptides, mtundu wa 2 shuga umayamba. Muzochitika zoterezi, ndikofunikira kutsatira mosamalitsa malangizo onse a dokotala kuti mupewe insulin.

Makhalidwe otsika

Mfundo zochepetsedwa zimawonedwa mu mtundu 1 wa matenda ashuga, hypoglycemia, kapena opaleshoni yamphamvu kwambiri.

Pali nthawi zina pamene c-peptide m'magazi imatsitsidwa ndikuwonjezereka kwa shuga, izi zikuwonetsa mtundu wovuta kwambiri wa matenda ashuga 2 kapena matenda a shuga. Pankhaniyi, wodwalayo amafunika jakisoni wa mahomoni, monga zovuta (zowonongeka m'maso, impso, khungu, mitsempha yamagazi) yokhala ndi matenda a shuga amatha.

Mlingo wa peptide umatsika osati kokha munthawi yamasinthidwe amthupi, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito zakumwa zoledzeretsa ndikupsinjika kwamphamvu kwamalingaliro.

Peptides a shuga

Chithandizo cha matenda ashuga chimapangidwa kuti chizikhala chokhazikika komanso kuchepetsa zizindikiro za matendawa. Kupititsa patsogolo moyo wabwino, lero, pamodzi ndi mankhwala achikhalidwe, peptide bioregulators amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Amasintha magwiridwe antchito a kapamba.

Peptides ndizinthu zopanga mapuloteni zomwe zimapanga kapangidwe kake. Chifukwa cha izi, kuwongolera njira zamankhwala am'magazi mu maselo kumachitika, minofu yathunthu ndi maselo owonongeka abwezeretsedwa. Ma peptide bioregulators amateteza kagayidwe kamaselo m'maselo a kapamba, amathandizira kupanga zawo insulin.Pang'onopang'ono, chitsulo chimayamba kugwira ntchito mwachizolowezi, kufunikira kwa mahomoni owonjezera amatheratu.

Mankhwala amakono amapereka mankhwala ozikidwa ndi peptides (Superfort, Visolutoen). Chimodzi mwa zotchuka ndi Voptoza wa biopeptide. Chofunikira kwambiri ndi analogue peptide 1 yopangidwa m'thupi la munthu. Odwala ambiri amapereka ndemanga zabwino za mankhwalawa ngati agwiritsidwa ntchito molumikizana ndi masewera olimbitsa thupi komanso zakudya zapadera. Zotsatira zoyipa mukamamwa Victoza sizinali zachilendo.

Chifukwa chake, kusanthula kwa c-peptide kumathandiza kuwonetsa chithunzi chonse cha matenda omwe wodwala amayambitsidwa ndi matenda a shuga. Zotsatira zimapangitsa kudziwa momwe ma kapamba amagwirira ntchito bwino komanso ngati pali vuto la matenda ashuga. Amakhulupirira kuti mtsogolomo, kuphatikiza jakisoni wa insulin, jakisoni wa c-peptide adzagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Matenda a shuga nthawi zonse amayambitsa zovuta zakupha. Mwazi wamagazi ochulukirapo ndi woopsa kwambiri.

Aronova S.M. adafotokoza za chithandizo cha matenda ashuga. Werengani kwathunthu