Agalu matenda a shuga a insipidus amapezeka ndi mtundu uliwonse wa kuwonongeka kwa hypothalamus (kuvulala pamutu, zotupa, cysts, zovuta zamtundu). Komanso ngati mukuphwanya zamkati mwa ma nephrons, vasopressin, omwe ndi obadwa nawo (osowa) komanso otengedwa (nthawi zambiri ndi pyelonephritis, pyometer, kulephera kwa chiwindi ndi matenda ena. Ndi mawonekedwe omwe mwapeza, zizindikiro za matendawa zimazimiririka ndikutha kwa zomwe zimayambitsa.

Chizindikiro chachikulu cha matenda ashuga omwe amapezeka m'magalu ndi polyuria (kuchuluka kwamkodzo kuchokera pa 60 ml pa kilogalamu ya thupi patsiku) ndi polydipsia (kumwa kwambiri kwa 100 ml pa kilogalamu ya thupi patsiku). Koma pali zifukwa zambiri za polydipsia ndi polyuria mu agalu ndi insipidus wa shuga ndi imodzi mwazosowa kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, ngati chiweto chili ndi mbiri ya zizindikirochi, kudziwitsidwa kwina kwa matenda a shuga kuyenera kuyang'aniridwa ndikudziwitsa komanso kupatula matenda omwe ali ponseponse.

Kuzindikira matenda ashuga odwala matenda agalu

Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti nthawi zonse mukayezetsedwe wamagazi, kuwunika kwamwazi wamagazi ambiri, kuyeserera kwamkodzo ndi bacosow. Kutengera ndi mbiri komanso zotsatira zoyesedwa, thupi lingafunike m'mimba (kukula kwa chiwindi, impso, chiberekero). Mu agalu apakatikati ndi okalamba, ndikofunikira kudziwa kuchuluka kwa cortisol mu seramu yamagazi.

Mwa maphunziro apadera okhudzana ndi matenda a shuga agalu, kuyesa kwamadzi, zomwe zimachitika pokhapokha ngati zifukwa zina zonse zimasiyidwa komanso mulingo wa urea m'magazi ndi wabwinobwino.

1. Zakudya zanjala maola 12, madzi pagulu.
2. Kutsanulira ndi urethral catheter wa chikhodzodzo kutsimikiza kwamikodzo kachulukidwe, kulemera galu.
3. Kenako galuyo samathiriridwa madzi kapena kudyetsa; chikhodzodzo chimathiridwa kanthu poyesa nyama ndikuwona kuchuluka kwa mkodzo pakatha maola awiri aliwonse. Nthawi zambiri njirayi imatha maola 6-8, okwanira maola 24.
4. Pitilizani kuyeserera mpaka kuchepa kwa thupi ndi 5%, kapena kufikira mkodzo utakwera pamwamba 1,024-1,030 (inshuidus wosatsimikizika, shuga wofuna kumwa). Ngati kachulukidwe ka mkodzo kamatsalira pansi pa 1.010 - kutsimikizika kwa matenda a shuga.

Zofunika! Agalu omwe ali ndi matenda osokoneza bongo kwambiri insipidus sangasiyidwe osasamalidwa ngakhale kwa maola angapo panthawi yoyesedwa, chifukwa izi zimatha kubweretsa zovuta zambiri mpaka kufa.

Chithandizo cha matenda ashuga a shuga

Mankhwala, ma fanizo a antidiuretic mahormoni desmopressin amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mawonekedwe a conjunctival madontho kapena mapiritsi kuchokera 1-2 pa tsiku kwa moyo wonse.

Chifukwa chake, ngati zizindikiro za polydipsia ndi polyuria zawonedwa mu galu, musatero musalepheretse nyama yamadzi ndipo musachedwe kupita kwa veterinarian. Zotsatira za izi zimatha kubisika matenda ambiri owopsa omwe amafunikira chisamaliro chamanthawi.

Akatswiri odziwa Zowona Zanyama amagwira ntchito m'makiriniki athu, pali zida zamakono ndi ma labotale. Ma endocrinologists athu adzapereka thandizo lanu ladzidzidzi kwa chiweto chanu, kuzindikira ndi kukupatsani mankhwala mwachangu momwe mungathere.

Matenda a galu

Matenda a shuga a insipidus ndi matenda osowa a endocrine omwe amadziwika ndi kupatula mkodzo wambiri wa hypotonic.

Mthupi la galu wathanzi, impso ndi zomwe zimapangitsa kusefa magazi, kukhalabe bwino, komanso kuyang'anira mkodzo. Nthawi zambiri, kuchuluka kwa mkodzo wogawanika kumayendetsedwa ndi aimpso, omwe amachititsa kuti madzi abweretsedwe, madzi amagetsi. Nawonso, njira ya kubwezeretsanso zimatengera zochita za timadzi tating'onoting'ono tomwe timapangidwa ndi ma pituitary gland / hypothalamus minofu (vasopressin). Ndikusowa kwa vasopressin, ma rebu tubules amasiya kuyendetsa bwino mkodzo, kuchuluka kwa mkodzo kumawonjezeka kwambiri, ndipo thupi limathothoka. Nthawi yomweyo, kuchuluka kwamagetsi amagetsi, zinthu zofunikira pakugwira bwino ntchito kwa ziwalo ndi minofu, zimatayika. Galu wokakamiza amayamba kumwa kwambiri.

Matenda a shuga atha kukhala obadwa mwatsopano komanso kutengeka.

Pali mitundu iwiri ya matenda a shuga:

• Matenda a shuga apakati.
• Nephrogenic shuga insipidus.

Poyamba, pali kuchepa kwa kumasulidwa kwa ma antidiuretic mahomoni (kusowa kwake).

Mlandu wachiwiri, matendawa amachititsa kuchepa kwa chidwi cha impso kuti ichitike mu mahomoni (chithokomiro cha pituitary chikupitirirabe kupangira vasopressin mu voliyumu yokwanira, koma kulowereranso mkodzo kumachepa kwambiri.

Kudwala matenda ashuga am'mimba kumachitika chifukwa chazovuta, kutupa, kapena kuwonongeka kwakanthawi kwamadongosolo. Itha kuwoneka agalu amitundu yosiyanasiyana. Zaka za pathology kuyambira masabata 7 mpaka 14. Monga matenda obadwanso nawo adalembedwa ana agalu ndi Afghan Hound ndi Germany Shorthaired Pointer.

Nephrogenic shuga insipidus ngati matenda obadwa nawo azindikirika mu ana agalu a husky. Nthawi zambiri, amakula ngati yachiwiri matenda osiyanasiyana aimpso matenda.

Zizindikiro za insipidus ya shuga mu agalu:

• ludzu lochulukirapo, kukodza kochulukirapo (polyuria / polydipsia),
• kusowa kwamadzi (kusowa kwamadzi),
• chisokonezo, ulesi, kusasangalala,
• kuwonda, kutopa,
• kukokana, kugwedezeka.

Ngozi yayikulu ya matendawa ndi kuchepa madzi m'thupi, kutsika kwa magazi, ischemia ya minyewa yaimpso. Kusintha komwe kungachitike kukomoka, kumwalira kwa wodwala.

Zambiri za matenda a shuga

Ndi matenda onga matenda a shuga a insipidus agalu, eni miyendo ya miyendo inayi ndi osowa. Matendawa amadziwika ndi vuto lalikulu pantchito yamagetsi yamthupi, yomwe imawonetsedwa ndi polydipsia ndi polyuria.

Malinga ndikuwona kwa akatswiri azachipatala, matendawa amakula pang'onopang'ono, zizindikiro zamankhwala sizikuwonekera, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti adziwe matenda ake. Eni ake nthawi zambiri amathandizidwa ngati matendawa ayamba ndipo njira zosakonzanso m'thupi zimayamba.

Matenda a Endocrine ali chifukwa chakuti gawo laubongo (hypothalamus) limapanga kuchuluka kosakwanira kwa vasopressin ya mahomoni. Izi zimabweretsa kuwonongeka kwa impso ya tubule, kuchuluka kwamkodzo potulutsa.

Malinga ndi etiological factor, mtundu uwu wa matenda a shuga insipidus amadziwika kuti ndi wapakati. Polydipsia mosalephera imatsogolera ku kuchepa thupi kwa nyama ndi kusokoneza machitidwe onse amthupi.

The pathogenetic limagwirira kukula kwa matenda angathe kuphatikizidwa ndi mkhutu aimpso ntchito. Nephrogenic mtundu wa matenda amakula pamene aimpso tubules ntchito. Zomangira zamkati sizimayankha pakuchitika kwa mahomoni antidiuretic, omwe amaphatikizidwa ndi kuphwanya kwamadzi m'madzi ndipo, chifukwa chake, kukula kwa polyuria, kuledzera komanso kusowa kwamchere wamchere.

Ndipo apa pali zambiri chifukwa chake galu amayamba kuchepa.

Zoyambitsa kukula kwa agalu

Malinga ndi akatswiri azachipatala, zomwe zimayambitsa matenda ashuga apakati pa agalu zimaphatikizapo, choyambirira, kuvulala ndi kupsinjika ndi neoplasms (zotupa, cysts). Congenital pathologies mu kapangidwe ka hypothalamic-pituitary gawo la ubongo nthawi zambiri imayambitsa kukula kwa matendawa.

Akatswiri odziwa kusamalira agalu amadziwa kuti njira zodziwika bwino zamatenda a hypothalamus zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha matenda a shuga a insipidus ndi chikhalidwe cha anthu aku Afghanistan. Kukula kwa pituitary system (nanism) ndi chikhalidwe cha Germany Shorthaired Pointer.

Matenda ndi parasitic matenda atha kukhala chifukwa chachitukuko cha insipidus chapakati pazosokoneza miyendo inayi. Encephalitis, meningitis ndi njira yodziwika yomwe imatsogolera kupanga kusokonekera kwa mahomoni a antidiuretic ndi ubongo. Kufa kwa nthawi yayitali kwa okosijeni komanso kutentha thupi kumatha kusokoneza kupanga kwachilengedwe kwa mahomoni.

Mtundu wa nephrogenic wa matendawa, malinga ndi akatswiri a zanyama, nthawi zambiri umachitika chifukwa cha kuledzera kwambiri, njira yotupa mu impso. Nephrosis nthawi zambiri imayambitsa chitukuko cha matenda ashuga a shuga. Matendawa amadziwika osati mwa kulepheretsa impso, komanso kuchepa kwa chidwi cha impso tubules kuchitira ma antidiuretic mahomoni opangidwa ndi hypothalamus.

Zizindikiro za nephrological, shuga yapakati

Akatswiri azachipatala amalangiza eni kuti asaphonye zotsatirazi za matenda a shuga obwera ndi agalu:

• Zotsatira zakuchepa kwamphamvu kwamkodzo komanso kuchuluka kwake, polyuria imawonedwa ndi chiweto chokhala ndi miyendo inayi. Izi zimawonjezera kuchuluka kwa mkodzo komanso kuchuluka kwa zikakamizo. Mtundu wa mkodzo umakhala wopepuka kwambiri.
• Galu amafunsa kumsewu pafupipafupi, nthawi zambiri samatha kulekerera ndikupanga ma pudd m'malo osayenera.
• Polydipsia. Nyama imakhala ndi ludzu nthawi zonse, imamwa kwambiri komanso nthawi zambiri.
• Ndi insulidus ya nephrological ya galu, mwiniwakeyo akuwona kuti kuphwanya kwam'mimba. Chilichonse chimadzimbidwa chifukwa cha kusowa kwamadzi.
• Anachepetsa chilako. Galu nthawi zambiri amakana kuuma chakudya, ndipo chakudya chonyowa chimadya mosasamala.
• Poyerekeza ndi kumbuyo kwa matenda a anorexia, kulemera kwa nyamayo kumachepa.
• Khungu ndi mucous nembanemba zimasowa madzi. Mwiniyo amawona magazi m'thupi, mucous nembanemba wamaso. Khungu limataya turgor. Zovuta ndi kuyabwa zitha kuchitika.
• Poyerekeza ndi maziko a kusokonezeka kwamchere wamchere, mavuto ndi mtima amawonedwa: kusintha kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi (hypotension), kusagwira bwino ntchito pamtima, ndi bradycardia.
• Kusasamala, kusakonda, kusachita chidwi ndi masewera, kuyenda, kusafuna kutsatira malamulo kumakhudzana ndi kuledzera kwa thupi chifukwa chophwanya mzere wamagetsi wam'madzi mu thupi.
• Wadwala kwambiri, wodwala miyendo inayi amakhala ndi kunjenjemera kwa minofu, kukokana. Galu akhoza kugwa.

Imfa imachitika patatha zaka 1-2 chitakula matendawa chifukwa chotopa.

Onerani kanemayu pazomwe zimayambitsa ma polydipsia ndi polyuria agalu:

Kodi zamitsempha zimachuluka

Eni ake ambiri, omwe akuda nkhawa ndi thanzi la anzawo omwe ali ndi ubweya, amasangalatsidwa ndi akatswiri azinyama - kodi ma lymph node amawonjezereka ndi insipidus ya shuga mu agalu. Lymphodenitis si chizindikiro cha endocrine matenda. Kukula pang'ono kwa ma lymph node, monga lamulo, kumatha kulumikizidwa ndi kukhalapo kwa njira yotupa mthupi la pet.

Amasanthula ndi chida chofufuzira

Gulu lankhondo lanyama lanyama limakhala ndi kafukufuku wambiri wodziwitsa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga agalu. Choyamba, katswiri amatenga anamnesis, kuti adziwe zomwe zimayambitsa polydipsia ndi polyuria, ndikuyang'anira kufufuza kwachinyama.

Kuyesa kwamikodzo kwamkati kungathandize kukayikira matenda, omwe akuwonetsa kuchepa kwa mphamvu yayikulu ya mkodzo. Kuyesedwa kwa magazi pa matenda am'mimba kumatha kuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa sodium yomwe imayamba chifukwa cha kusowa kwamadzi.

Kuti adziwitse komaliza, veterinarian amachita mayeso a matenda a shuga a insipidus mu galu, omwe amawonetsa mulingo wa vasopressin. Ngati dokotala akuganiza kuti kuphatikiza kwa hypothalamus kwadzaza, ndiye kuti nyamayo imayendetsedwa ndi mahomoni antchito oteteza motsutsana ndi kuzimiririka kwa madzimadzi, kenako ndikuwunika kuyesedwa kwa magazi.

Pofuna kudziwa zomwe zimayambitsa kukonzekera kwa endocrine pathology, chiweto chodwala chimayesedwa mu ubongo wa X-ray, maginidwe a maginidwe a maginito kapena kuyesa kwa kompyuta.

Kuzindikira kosiyanitsa kumapangidwa pokhudzana ndi matenda a shuga, kulephera kwaimpso, hyperadrenocorticism, polydipsia yamitsempha.

Kuteteza Galu

Akatswiri azachipatala amalimbikitsa kuti eni monga njira yodzitetezera amayang'anitsitsa thanzi la achibale ali ndi miyendo inayi, ndipo akangoona chizindikiro chodwala, afunseni akatswiri.

Ndipo izi ndizambiri pazobadwa mwatsopano komanso kukhala ndi vuto la mtima mu agalu.

Matenda a shuga agalu ndi matenda osowa a endocrine. Kuvuta kwa matendawa kumachitika chifukwa chakuti mwiniwakeyo amawona zizindikiro zake pamene chiweto chayamba kufooka kwambiri komanso kuchemeretsa m'mimba. Kuchulukana kwa mankhwalawa kumathandizira bwino mkhalidwe wa chiweto kupatulapo chifukwa cha matenda. Ndi mtundu wa nephrogenic wamatendawa, mankhwalawa amachokera pa kugwiritsa ntchito okodzetsa, mankhwala omwe amasintha ntchito ya impso ndi mtima.

Nthawi zambiri chomwe chimayambitsa kunenepa kwambiri mu agalu ndi matenda ashuga, matenda a chithokomiro, mkodzo wa adrenal. Kuchepa kwa mahormoni kumapangitsa kuti kagayidwe kachakudya kayendetsedwe kake.

Zimayambitsa kulephera kwa impso. Kulephera kwa impso kumakhala ndi mitundu yambiri. Akatswiri othandizira zoweta zanyama zochokera kuzaka zambiri zothandizira.

Agalu, mtima umakhala ndi njira yoyendayenda yozungulira, yomwe imateteza ziweto ku mtima. . M'machitidwe azoweta, nthawi zambiri pamakhala kubalalidwa kwa m'matumbo amtundu wa ziweto zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a shuga.

Zimayambitsa matenda ashuga insipidus galu

Zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa ndizosiyanasiyana: matenda owopsa komanso osachiritsika, zotupa, kuvulala kwa chigaza, zomwe zimapangitsa kuwonongeka kwa gawo limodzi la hypothalamus, komanso gland yotsatira. Hypothalamus imakhala ndi maselo amitsempha amitsempha omwe amawongolera kutulutsidwa kwa ma cell vasopressin ndi gland. Hormone iyi, pamene ili m'magazi, imapangitsa kuchepa kwa kuchuluka ndi kuchuluka kwa mkodzo womwe impso zake zimatuluka. Ngati pazifukwa zina kulumikizana pakati pa hypothalamus ndi pituitary gland kusweka kapena kuwonongeka kwawo kuchitika, kuchuluka kwa vasopressin m'mwazi kumachepa, impso zimalephera kuyendetsa bwino mkodzo ndikuchotsa kuchuluka kwake. Kuti alipire madzi akuluzidwe, nyama imamwa kwambiri.

Matenda a shuga amakhudza amphaka ndi agalu.

Zizindikiro za matendawa

1. Kuchulukitsa mkodzo ndikuwonjezera ludzu.
2. Matendawa amakula pang'onopang'ono.
3. Kutupa kwa mkodzo kumachuluka ndipo kumakhala pafupipafupi kutengera madzi akumwa.
4. Agalu okhala ndi nthawi yayitali amatha kufufuma mpaka malita atatu mpaka anayi a mkodzo patsiku m'malo mwa theka ndi theka, ndipo agalu akulu mpaka malita asanu ndi atatu mpaka khumi.
5. Mkodzo ndiwowoneka bwino komanso mphamvu yotsika yozama, koma mulibe shuga.
6. Zizindikiro zonse za kusowa kwamadzi zimawonekera, ndizo: ziwalo zowuma, khungu, palpitations, ludzu.
7. Kuchuluka kwa madzi oledzera ndi zinyama kumawonjezeka modabwitsa.
8. Kulakalaka kwa odwala nthawi zambiri kumachepetsedwa.
9. Zofooka zimayamba.
10. Nyama zimalemera kwambiri, zimatha kudzimbidwa.

Mu shuga insipidus, sodium chloride siyenera kuyikidwa pambali pa chakudya cha nyama odwala ndipo mapuloteni ayenera kuchepetsedwa. Mozama momwe mungathere kumwa madzi. Mutha kuchepetsa ludzu popatsa nyama nyamayo ndi mandimu kapena kuyiphatikiza ndi viniga.

Njira zopititsira patsogolo

Shuga insipidus ali ndi mitundu yambiri ya pathogenetic ya chitukuko nthawi imodzi, yomwe imatsimikizira njira zina zowonjezera zothandizira galu. Mtundu woyamba ndi wachuma chapakati, ndipo nawo pali kuchepa kwakukulu pakupanga ndi kubisalira kwa antidiuretic mahomoni (vasopressin), omwe amapangidwa mu hypothalamus yaubongo mu zolengedwa zonse zomwe zimayamwa, kuphatikiza agalu.

Kusintha kwachiwiri kwa pathogenetic kumachitika chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa impso, ndipo kumatchedwa nephrogenic.Mu mitundu ya nephrogenic, pali kuphwanya kwa tropism ndi chiwopsezo cha zolandilira zomwe zimapezeka mu aimpso tubules, zomwe zimayendetsedwa motsogozedwa ndi antidiuretic hormone. Zotsatira zakuphwanya kwamphamvu kwa mahomoni antidiuretic, kubwezeretsanso kwa madzi kapena kubwezeretsanso kwawo kumatsekedwa, zomwe zimayambitsa chizindikiro cha polyuria ndi chithunzi chonse chachipatala cha galu.

Pokhudzana ndi kuphwanya kwamchere wamchere m'magalu, kuchepa kwamkodzo kwamkaka ndi kachulukidwe kake. Osatengera kuti ndi mtundu woyamba kapena wachiwiri wa matenda obwera ndi matenda a shuga agalu, zizindikiritso za matendawa zikhalabe motere:

• Polyuria - kuwonjezeka kwa kuchuluka kwa mkodzo wopangidwa komanso kuchuluka kwamikodzo. Izi zikuchitika chifukwa cha kuchepa kwamikidwe yeniyeni ya mkodzo komanso kusala kwa abale. Nthawi zina polyuria imanenedwa mwakuti imatsogolera kuti agalu agonere. Eni ake atha kuwona kuti galuyo wapuma kwambiri ndipo wayamba kukodza mnyumba.
• Polydipsia - ludzu lamphamvu limapangitsanso nkhawa za chiweto, ntchito zake zimachepa. Mungaone kuti chakumwa cha galu chilibe kanthu pakati pa tsiku, chomwe sichinawoneke.
• Kukonzekera kwamayendedwe - kumachitika chifukwa cha vuto la neuroendocrine la hypothalamic-pituitary system.

Zizindikiro za matenda a shuga insipidus mu ziweto, makamaka agalu, amakula msanga, zomwe zimakuthandizani kuti muwone kusintha kwazomwe mukukhala ndi nthawi yake ndikupangana ndi veterinarian.

Njira zochizira

Ziweto zomwe zimakhala ndi vuto la neuroendocrine mu hypothalamic-pituitary system zimayenera kukhala ndi mwayi wosagwiritsa ntchito madzimadzi posachedwa, popeza polyuria yayikulu imatha kufooketsa thupi la nyama komanso kutopa.

Yesetsani kuyenda ndi chiweto chanu nthawi zambiri mukamalandira chithandizo, chifukwa kuleza mtima ndi kukokoloka kwa mkodzo kumatha kubweretsa kuchuluka kwa chikhodzodzo mu galu.

Chithandizo Choyamba

Tsoka ilo, palibe mankhwala opatsirana pathogenetic a matendawa, komabe, chithandizo chamankhwala cholowetsa mahomoni pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophatikizira a antidiuretic timadzi Desmopressin ndizotheka. Mankhwala ndi mtundu wa Mlingo wofanana ndi madontho amaso, omwe amathandizidwa ndi conjunctival sac ndipo, akamamwa, mwachangu, amalowetsa kayendedwe kazinthu, pogwiritsa ntchito njira zawo zochiritsira. Komanso, mankhwalawa amatha kuperekedwa mwachangu, ndikupanga gawo laling'ono la mankhwalawa m'dera la mafuta ochepa. Njira yake sikuti imadzetsa kusowetsa mtendere mu chiweto, chomwe chimachepetsa kwambiri mankhwalawo. Ndikofunika kulabadira kuti kuledzera kwa Desmopressin kungayambitse kumwa kwa galu pambuyo pake.

Chithandizo Chachiwiri

Chithandizo cha mawonekedwe achiwiri ndiosiyana ndi chithandizo chomwe tafotokozachi, popeza pathogenesis ndi chikhalidwe chosiyana kwambiri. Ndi nephrogenic mawonekedwe a shuga a insipidus, chithandizo chikuchitika pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala Chlorothiazide (Giabinez).

Chithandizo cha matenda a shuga insipidus sikukula, koma chimangokulolani kukhalabe ndi chiweto. Kukula kwa matendawa ndiosavomerezeka, komabe, chithandizo chamankhwala chogwiritsa ntchito mahomoni m'galu chimaloleza nthawi yayitali kupitiriza matendawa moyenera. Ndi chotupa chapakati cha pituitary gland, chithandizo chokhacho chomwe chimachitika ndikubwezeretsanso ndikusunga madzi osasamala a electrolyte.