C-Peptide (C-Peptide): chomwe chiri, bwanji komanso momwe angayesere kuyesedwa, zoyambira, zoyambitsa

Kuyesedwa kwa magazi kuti mupeze mankhwala okhala ndi mapuloteni momwemo ndikofunikira kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ovuta. Izi zikugwira ntchito kwa odwala matenda ashuga.

Pofufuza moyenera, phindu lenileni la mamolekyulu a protein limatsimikizika, chifukwa cha izi, kuwunika koyenera kumasonyezedwa. Ndi gawo laochepetsedwa la mamolekyulu amapuloteni, chithandizo chimayikidwa ndipo timadzi timene timayikidwa. Ndi paramu yowonjezereka, mmalo mwake, insulin yakunja sigwiritsidwa ntchito.

Kuyesedwa kwa magazi ndi peptide kumachitika musanadye, pakalibe umboni kuchokera kwa katswiri. Muyenera kufa ndi njala musanatenge mayeso kwa maola 8. Ndibwino kuti mupende kusanthula mukadzuka m'mawa.

Magazi amatengedwa mwachizolowezi: chotupa chimabwekera ndipo magazi amawalowetsa osunga mankhwala. Izi zimayendetsedwa ndi centrifuge, plasma imasiyanitsidwa, kenako chosawilitsidwa, kenako ndikuyang'ana mu labotale pogwiritsa ntchito ma microscope pogwiritsa ntchito ma reagents.

Pakapanda ma molekyulu a protein m'magazi, kuyesedwa kumachitika. Zimawonetsa kuzindikira koyenera. Njira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito poyesa kuyeserera ndi izi:

glucagon amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati jakisoni (pali contraindication kwa odwala oopsa),
mukungoyenera kudya kadzutsa, chifukwa ndikokwanira kudya magawo awiri a mkate.

Ngati mungasankhe njira yobweretsera kusanthula, ndiye kuti, pamimba yopanda kanthu, mutha kumwa madzi. Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala aliwonse oletsedwa. Mwanjira ina, ngati kuli kotheka, gwiritsani ntchito mankhwala, izi ziyenera kuwonetsedwa mwanjira yolondolera. Zoletsedwa musanawunike:

kumwa mowa
Chitani zolimbitsa thupi dzulo
kwa theka la ola yesetsani kuti musamagwire ntchito kwambiri komanso kuti musakhale ndi nkhawa,
lekani ndudu.

Kusanthula kumatenga pafupifupi maola atatu kuti tikonzekere. Seramu yosungidwa kwa 20 digiri Celsius ingagwiritsidwe ntchito kwa miyezi itatu.

Kusanthula kwa peptide kwa shuga mellitus wa 1 degree kumakupatsani mwayi wosankha bwino njira ya insulin. Ngati mahomoni ali osakwanira, ndiye kuti zizindikiro zake zimachepa. Ngati peptide ndi shuga ndizoposa muyeso, izi zikuwonetsa kukula kwa matenda ashuga amtundu wa 2. Kenako, kuti muwonjezere c-peptides, ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito zakudya zamafuta ochepa, osadzichulukitsa nokha ndi ntchito, gwiritsani ntchito jakisoni wa insulin pang'ono.

Popeza matenda ashuga ndi matenda wamba, ma c-peptides a shuga ndi ochepa. Ndiko kusanthula uku komwe kumathandiza kusankha chithandizo choyenera. C-peptides mu shuga amathandizira kuthetsa zovuta za matendawa ndipo samapereka mwayi wopitilira kukula.

Pochita, kuzindikira mamolekyu a protein kwa odwala, kuyezetsa kumagwiritsidwa ntchito pofotokozera za matendawa. Pamimba yopanda kanthu amatenga magazi, ola limodzi pambuyo pake amalowetsa kulowetsedwa kwa insulin ndikuyang'ananso kuwunika kwake. Ngati izi zitatha, kuchuluka kwa insulini kutsika ndi ochepera 50%, ndiye kuti wodwalayo ali ndi chotupa.

Kuyesa kwa magazi a C-peptide, zolembedwa zimafotokozera mavuto omwe alipo pamunsi kapena pamunsi kwambiri. Ngati c-peptide ndi yokwera kapena yotsika, ndiye kuti kuwonjezera pa matenda a shuga palinso matenda ena akuluakulu. Phula lokwera limapezeka mu zotsatirazi:

chotupa cham'mimba
kulephera kwa aimpso
shuga 2,
kusowa kwa shuga
oncology
matenda a chiwindi osachiritsika
matenda azamama
kunenepa kwambiri kwamphongo,
mankhwala a horoni yayitali
insulinoma.

Chizindikirocho chitha kutsitsidwa ngati:

matenda a shuga a digiri iliyonse
achina,
opaleshoni yochotsa zofufumitsa,
shuga wotsika chifukwa cha poyizoni wa mowa,
mbiri ya kupsinjika.

Kafukufuku amakonzedwa ngati matenda otsatirawa:

shuga Na. 1 (mapuloteni ochepa kwambiri),
shuga No. 2 (gawo lalikulu la mapuloteni kuposa momwe zimayembekezeredwa),
shuga yokhala ndi mapuloteni ophatikizika,
ntchito kuti athetse chotupa chowopsa cha chotupa pansi pamimba,
kusabereka
matenda a shuga (kufotokozeranso zoopsa zomwe zingachitike mwa ana),
zolakwika zosiyanasiyana zam'mimba pansi pamimba,
Cushing's dysphoria,
somatotropin (pomwe mapuloteni ena ali pamwambapa).

Mapuloteni a protein amatsika pambuyo pakumwa mowa m'magawo akuluakulu, kapena pambuyo pobayidwa wa insulin mwa wodwala. Kafukufuku amakonzedweranso madandaulo okonda kulemera, kukodza pafupipafupi komanso ludzu losalekeza.

Matenda a shuga akapezeka, timadzi timene timatsimikiza kuti mankhwalawo ndi othandizadi. Ngati mankhwalawo sanalakwe, ndiye kuti nthendayo imayamba. Madandaulo ochulukirapo ali mu mawonekedwe a kusawona bwino kwa maso ndikuchepetsa kumva kwamiyendo. Ndi mankhwala osayenera, mavuto ena amatha kuchitika, mwachitsanzo, osakwanira aimpso komanso kuthamanga kwa magazi.

Ndikwabwino kudutsa mayeso awiri, kusala komanso kukondoweza. M'malo ogwiritsira ntchito mankhwalawa amagwiritsa ntchito zida zosiyanasiyana kuti azitha kudziwa zinthu kuti adziwe kuchuluka kwake. Mukapeza zotsatira zakusanthula, mutha kufananizira zomwe inu mumaganizira.

Chifukwa chakuwongolera kuchuluka kwa mahomoni, ndibwino kudziwa kuchuluka kwa insulin kuposa kuyesa. Kudzera mukufufuza, ndikosavuta kusiyanitsa pakati pa insulin ndi insulin. Peptide imadziwika kuti siyimayamwa ma antibodies a insulin, ndipo siiwonongeka ndi ma antibodies omwewo.

Kuyesa kwa magazi kwa matenda ashuga

Zomwe zimachitika peptide ndizofika 5.7%. Zomwe zimachitika mwa amayi nthawi yapakati nthawi zambiri zimapitilira. Ngati chizindikirocho chitha, ndiye kuti izi zikuwonetsa kuti njira ya endocrine imaphwanyidwa ndipo chithandizo choyenera chikufunika kuti thanzi la mayi wapakati ndi mwana liyambe.

Ngati kuchuluka kwa shuga ndikokulira kuposa momwe kumayembekezeredwa, pamakhala ngozi ya kukula kwambiri kwa fetal komanso kunenepa kwambiri. Izi zimabweretsa kubadwa msanga komanso kuvulaza kwa mwana kapena kuvulala kwa mayi panthawi yobereka. Chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kuti muwongolere shuga. Pokhapokha ndi pomwe chitetezo cha mayi ndi mwana chidzatsimikiziridwa.

Kuyeza kwa biochemical test c-peptide decoding komwe kumawonetsa muyezo womwe mwana ali nawo. Muyezo mwa mwana umatsimikiziridwa payekha ndi dokotala. Ngakhale pali miyezo:

kuyambira 0 mpaka 2 - osapitirira kuposa 4.4 mmol / l,
kuyambira 2 mpaka 6 - osapitirira 5 mmol / l,
zaka za sukulu - zosaposa 5.5 mmol / l,
akuluakulu - mpaka 5.83 mmol / l,
okalamba - mpaka 6.38 mmol / l.

Mwa mwana, zitsanzo za magazi zimatengedwa chimodzimodzi ndi akulu. Dziwani kuti mu makanda, mukamasanthula, zinthuzo zimatsika pang'ono kuposa zabwinobwino, chifukwa timadzi timene timachotsa m'magazi a beta kulowa m'magazi atadya. Chiwonetsero cha c-peptide mwa anthu athanzi chimasiyana 260 mpaka 1730 pmol mu 1 lita. seramu yamagazi.

Iwo omwe adayezetsa pamimba yopanda kanthu kapena masana zotsatira sizofanana. Zakudya zotsekemera zimachulukitsa milingo ya peptide m'magazi. Ngati kusanthula kunatengedwa m'mawa, ndiye kuti mawonekedwe ake amasiyana mu 1.89 ng / ml.

Shuga ndiwabwinobwino mwa anthu akuluakulu ndi 3.2-5,5 mmol / L. Izi ndizoyenera kusala magazi kuchokera chala. Kubetcha kopatsa magazi kumawonjezera kuchuluka kwa shuga mpaka 6,2 mmol / L. Kodi nchiyani chikuwopseza gawo lokwanira? Ngati chizindikiro chikukwera mpaka 7.0 mmol, ndiye kuti izi zikuwopseza matenda ashuga. Awa ndi malo omwe sagwiritsidwe ntchito monosaccharides. Pamimba yopanda kanthu, thupi limatha kuwongolera shuga, mutatha kudya chakudya chamafuta, gawo la insulini yopangidwa silikugwirizana ndi muyezo.

Pali kuwunikira kofotokozerako, chifukwa chomwe amadzidalira mwakufuna kwawo mulingo wa shuga m'magazi. Chida choyezera chapadera chimasanthula molondola komanso mwachangu nthawi zonse. Njira ndiyabwino kwa iwo omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga. Ngati musunga mankhwalawo molakwika, pakhoza kukhala zolakwika pazisonyezo.

Kuti mupeze matenda olondola, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito ma labotale a Attitro. Zachipatala choterechi chili ndi zida zamakono komanso zapamwamba kwambiri kuchokera kwa opanga odziwika. Pamenepo mutha kuyesa mayeso pakuchezera, kapena kuyimbira ntchito yapadera kunyumba.

Ngakhale kuti pali zipatala zambiri zotere, chipatala chilichonse chimagwiritsa ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana zofufuzira, ndikugwiritsanso ntchito muyeso osiyanasiyana. Ndikofunika kugwiritsa ntchito ntchito za chipatala chomwecho kuti mupeze zotsatira zolondola.

Invitro Laborator imapereka mauthenga aulere a SMS okonzeka kukonzekera kusanthula. Uwu ndi mwayi wa labotale iyi. Ndikofunikira kuonera miyezo yomwe ikuwonetsedwa pafomuyo, chifukwa momwe mulingo wina wogwirira ntchito ndi wosiyana pang'ono.

Kodi ma peptides ndi chiyani

Thupi laumunthu limapanga zinthu nthawi zonse mosamala mu kayendetsedwe ka zinthu zonse zokhudza thupi - ma peptides ndi mapuloteni. Popanda ntchito zawo, ndizosatheka kuti ziwalo zilizonse zikhalepo. Peptides - ndi chiyani? Izi ndi zinthu zomwe mamolekyu ake amakhala ndi mashete amtundu wamanzere amino acid, omwe amalumikizidwa ndi mgwirizano. Dzina lina la ma peptides ndi mapuloteni ang'onoang'ono.

Mankhwala ali ndi mitundu yoposa chikwi chimodzi ndi theka ya peptide. Mphamvu za aliyense zimadalira kuchuluka kwa ma amino acid omwe amakhala m'ndendemo komanso makonzedwe ake a dongosolo. Ma peptides amachita payekha pamagulu osiyanasiyana a thupi. Chodziwika ndi kuchuluka kwa zotsalira za amino acid:

oligopeptides - ali ndi magawo khumi,
ma polypeptides - oposa 10,
ma tripeptides - ali ndi maulalo atatu.

Kodi chifukwa chiyani mauthengawa ndi ofunika kwambiri kwa anthu? Chifukwa ma peptides ndi bioregulators mwa njira zotsatirazi:

chimbudzi
kupweteka
ntchito yamafuta
kuthamanga kwa magazi,
kuyeretsa ku poizoni,
kuwonda
immunological zotsatira
kuchepa kwamafuta
zotsatira za antitumor
kukonzanso kwa khungu.

Ntchito yofunikira ya peptides ndikupititsa patsogolo chitetezo chamthupi la munthu. Amathandiza:

sinthani chakudya cham'mimba,
neuropeptides - Chitani zolondola pamitsempha yamanjenje,
sinthani njira zokhudzana ndi kukumbukira,
yeretsani thupi la poizoni,
chotsani zotuluka,
njira zolakwika zothetsera,
kuthana ndi kutupa
kulimbana ndi matenda.

Peptides mu chakudya - mndandanda

Munthu amatha kuthandizira thupi, kuchepetsa zaka zake zobadwa nazo ngati ayamba kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zomwe zimakhala ndi ma peptides. Pazaka zambiri, kuwonjezera pazachilengedwe zachilengedwe zopanga mapuloteni zimafunikira. Peptides amapangidwa ndi:

amadyera
chokoleti chakuda
nthochi
walnuts
zopangidwa mkaka
masamba - radishi, sipinachi,
chimanga - nsomba, barele, tirigu, chimanga,
mazira
nsomba - nsomba, sardines,
nyemba
nyama yankhuku
mpendadzuwa
odzola kwachifumu
nsomba zam'nyanja
soya.

C-peptide chotani pakuyezetsa magazi

Chizindikirochi ndi chimodzi mwazofunikira kwambiri pakuwunika magazi, ndipo m'magawo oyambirira zimathandizira kudziwa matenda. Akalandira zotsatira, amaweruza mulingo wa insulin yawo mthupi. C-peptide poyesa magazi imathandiza:

muzindikire mtundu wa matenda ashuga
kuneneratu za matendawa.
sintha njira yamankhwala
muzindikire zotupa zapachifuwa.

Chikhalidwe cha C-peptide m'magazi

Zizindikiro zowongolera zamankhwala amakono zilibe miyezo yapadziko lonse lapansi. Mwanjira zambiri, zofunika za peptide zimatengera njira yosanthula, ma reagents, zida, ndi gawo la muyeso. Muyezo ndi mtengo weniweniwo zimalembedwa pamafomu azotsatira. Amawerengedwa kuti ndi chikhalidwe cha C-peptide m'magazi:

C-peptide - chodziwika mwa amuna

Omwe akuyimira chiwerewere champhamvu nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi zizolowezi zoyipa - kusuta, kuledzera. Nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi vuto la chiwindi, amakhala ndi zochuluka pantchito komanso panthawi ya masewera. Zonsezi zimabweretsa kusintha kwa zisonyezo panthawi ya kusanthula kwamomwe magazi. Muyeso wa C-peptide mwa amuna akuyenera kufanana ndi kudya pamimba yopanda kanthu malinga ndi njira ya Knyazev Yu. - 0.54-2.89 ng / ml.

C-peptide - chizolowezi mwa ana

Mwana atha kudwala mwadzidzidzi. Makolo ayenera kudziwa zizindikiritso za matendawa kuti apange kuwunika kwakanthawi, kuti ayambe kulandira chithandizo. Popeza ana amakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi insulin, zomwe zimapangitsa peptide pakuwunikira nthawi zambiri imakhala pansi pamawu omveka. Izi zimafunikira kukambirana ndi endocrinologist. Chikhalidwe cha C-peptide mwa ana sichimasiyananso ndi wamkulu. Malinga ndi enzyme immunoassay, ikhoza kukhala 0,41-0.79 ng / ml.

C-peptide - chizolowezi mwa akazi m'magazi

Kuchita kuwunikaku ndikwapadera kwambiri kwa azimayi - imazindikira chimodzi mwazomwe zimayambitsa kusabereka, polycystic ovary syndrome, malinga ndi zomwe peptide zili nazo. Izi nthawi zambiri zimayambitsidwa ndi insulin yochulukirapo, yomwe imachulukitsa kupanga androgens. Kuzindikira kwakanthawi komwe kumapangidwa kumathandizira kuyambitsa chithandizo, kupewa zovuta - matenda ashuga. Chikhalidwe cha C-peptide m'magazi a akazi malinga ndi njira yofanizira imatha kukhala 0.31-0.38 ng / ml.

C-peptide inachuluka

Kodi kupatuka kwa chizindikiro kumawonekera bwanji? C-peptide ndi yokwera kuposa yachilendo ngati munthu akutenga mahomoni kapena mankhwala okhala ndi shuga. Ngati kusanthula kumatsikira mmwamba, wodwalayo amapezeka ndi:

insulin - chotupa mu kapamba,
mtundu 2 shuga
kulephera kwa aimpso
ovary polycystic,
Itsenko-Cushing's matenda - matenda a pituitary gland,
kukana insulin.

C peptide yotsitsidwa

Mitundu yotsika ya peptide mogwirizana ndi miyambo imapereka chifukwa choganizira zakonzedwa kosayesa. Zotsatira zake zimabweretsa nkhawa, kumwa mowa, kuchuluka kwambiri. Zimachitika kuti C-peptide imachepetsedwa:

lembani 1 matenda ashuga omwe minofu ya kapamba imawonongeka,
kusala kudya kwanthawi yayitali,
Pang'onopang'ono kuchepetsa shuga chifukwa cha insulin
Kuchotsa kwa gawo limodzi la kapamba.

C-peptide ya matenda ashuga

Ebyennyanja biba bimanyiddwa mu mubiri nga bimusanyusa olw'engeri gy'ekitalo ky'ensimbi z'amazaaliddwa era nga biri mu mbeera eyo. Pakuwunikaku, akuwonetsa kupanga kwake kwa insulin ndi kapamba. C-peptide ya matenda ashuga imathandiza kudziwa mtundu wa matenda, omwe ndi ofunika poika mankhwalawa. Ngati odwala alandila zinthu limodzi ndi insulin, mavuto omwe amabwera chifukwa cha zotupa amatha kupewedwa:

Mitsempha yamagazi - angiopathy,
impso - nephropathy,
mitsempha - neuropathy.

Kukonzekera kwa peptide

Makampani opanga mafakitale apanga mankhwala omwe amasiyana muzochita zawo. Mankhwala opangidwa ndi peptide, kulowa m'mimba ndi magazi m'maselo, amachitapo kanthu pa DNA. Ndalama iliyonse imachita pazifukwa zina:

Pinealon - imathandizira ubongo,
Vesilute - zimakhudza ma genitourinary system,
Prolactin - ndi amene amathandiza kupanga mkaka wa m'mawere,
Kukula kwa mahomoni - ndi hormone yokula yomwe imakhudza hypothalamus.

Peptides

Loto lamunthu lalitali - kukulitsa chiyembekezo cha moyo - limatha kuchitika pogwiritsa ntchito ma peptides m'njira zamankhwala. Kugwiritsa ntchito kwawo ndikufuna kukonza gawo la chinthu china, kumatha kukonza bwino moyo ndikukankhira kumbuyo ukalamba. Kugwiritsa ntchito bwino kwa mankhwala okhala ndi ma peptides:

Normophthal - imathandizira retina,
Cardiogen - amathandiza kupewa matenda amtima,
Pankraten - imayendetsa kapamba,
Vezugen - amateteza matenda a mtsempha wamagazi.

Mwa omwe amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a peptide kukongola ndi azimayi. Ma ufa apadera ndi mayankho okhala ndi peptides amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zowonjezera pazodzikongoletsera - masks, mafuta, ma seramu. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito mwachangu jakisoni ndi mesotherapy. Njira zotchuka zodzikongoletsera:

Matrixyl - imakongoletsa khungu, kuikonzanso,
Argireline - imatsitsa minofu, kuchepetsa makwinya a nkhope.

Zodzikongoletsera mankhwala Leufasil - amayeserera khungu losavomerezeka pamphumi, pamaso pochepetsa ntchito yomwe minyewa imayendetsa. Kuchepetsa kwawo kumachepa, chifukwa, kuwongola makwinya kumaso kumachitika. Chochita chokhala ndi ma peptides chimagwiritsidwa ntchito padera mu cosmetology kapena kuwonjezera mphamvu ngati chikugwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi Snap-8, Sin-Eyk kukonzekera.

Zogulitsa peptide ndizodziwika kwambiri pakati pa othamanga omwe amachita nawo masewera olimbitsa thupi. Izi ndichifukwa cha kuthekera kwa ndalamazi:

khalani ndi mphamvu mukatha maphunziro,
khazikitsani minofu kukula,
wotuluka msanga m'thupi,
kuchitira kutukusira mafupa pambuyo kuchita;
limbitsa mtima ndi mafupa,
onjezera mamvekedwe a thupi,
kulimbitsa chitetezo chathupi.

Kanema: kodi peptide

Anastasia, mayi wazaka 27 amayang'anira maonekedwe anga ndikunditumiza kokongola, ngakhale ndikakhuta ndi khungu langa. Katswiri wazodzikongoletsa anavomereza lingaliro ili. Ecology imawononga khungu kwambiri, koyambirira koyambirira kwa chisamaliro - zotsatira zake zidzakhala bwino. Tinayamba kupanga masks ndi Leufasil okhala ndi ma peptides. Ndinadabwa kuti nkhope yanga inali yatsopano, yosalala. Ndimapita mndondomeko pafupipafupi.

Alexandra, wazaka makumi anayi ndi chimodzi Anachita jakisoni wa Botox zaka zingapo, nkhope yake imawoneka yosalala, koma yopanda mawonekedwe. Palibe mawonekedwe a nkhope, minyewa imakhala yovuta, zomverera zosasangalatsa. Ndinali wokondwa kwambiri nditazindikira za njira ina - mankhwalawa Agrirelin. Imatsitsimula minofu ya nkhope, koma popanda jakisoni, ngati imagwiritsidwa ntchito kunja. Ku kanyumbako amapangira masks ine, ndipo kuwonjezera apo ndimavala zanyumba.

Valentina, wazaka 45 Analoleza mphatso yakubadwa - adapita kunjira zokongoletsa. Anamunyoza kuti wafika mochedwa. Adakangana kwa ola limodzi pamutu panga, kupanga masks, ndikuyika seramu. Sindinadzizindikiritse mu kalilore - khungu limakhala latsopano, laling'ono. Zidapezeka - ma peptides amachita zozizwitsa izi. Tsopano ndimayendera salon nthawi zonse.