Zomwe zimawopseza cholesterol yayikulu magazi

Momwe mungadzitetezere ku atherosclerosis? Kodi mukumva kuti muli ndi cholesterol yayikulu? Kodi mukuyenera kuyang'ana kolesterol wanu wamagazi ndi zaka zingati ndipo muyenera kufufuza kangati?

Olga Shonkorovna Oinotkinova, Doctor of Medical Sayansi, Pulofesa, Dokotala Wolemekezeka wa Russian Federation, Institutionis Supervisor wa Sukulu ya Lipidology ndi Associated Metabolic matenda, Purezidenti wa National Society for the Study of Lipidology and Associated Metabolic matenda

Kodi cholesterol ndi chiani ndipo bwanji imakhala yoopsa?

Cholesterol ndichinthu chofewa, chamafuta m'magazi chomwe chimagwira bwino ntchito yopanga ma membrane a maselo ndikupanga mahomoni. Cholesterol ndiyofunikira pakugwira bwino ntchito kwa chitetezo cha m'thupi, chamanjenje, koma m'magazi, koma ngati m'magazi muli zochulukirapo kuposa momwe zimafunira moyo wabwinobwino, cholesterol imayikidwa pang'onopang'ono pamakoma amitsempha. Izi zimapangika ngati "zolembera" za atherosselotic - mawonekedwe akhungu, owonda omwe amasunthira botilo ndikuchepetsa kukula kwake. Njira yopangira zolembazi imatchedwa "atherosulinosis."

Pakapita kanthawi, thrombus imatha kupezeka patsamba la atherosulinotic plaque, lomwe limatchinga bwino kwambiri, limalepheretsa kudya kwa ziwalo zofunika. Kutsekeka kwa chotengera komwe kumadyetsa mtima kumayambitsa kuphwanya pansi kwamkati, kutsekeka kwa chotengera komwe kumadyetsa ubongo kumayambitsa stroke.

Koma samwalira ndi cholesterol yayikulu?

Kuchokera ku cholesterol yayikulu - ayi, koma zovuta zomwe zimabweretsa zimabweretsa imfa. Zotsatira za atherosclerosis nthawi zambiri zimakhala matenda a mtima komanso monga kuphatikizika kwa myocardial infarction, matenda a ischemic, stroke, thrombosis yovuta kwambiri m'matumbo omwe amadyetsa ziwalo zam'mimba. Chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha yomwe imapereka miyendo yam'munsi, gululi limatha kukula.

Kodi pali cholesterol "yabwino" ndi "yoyipa"?

Cholesterol siyisungunuka m'magazi. Pamaulendo ake kuchokera ku cell kupita ku cell, onyamula - liproproteins - amagwiritsidwa ntchito.

High density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) imathandizira kusuntha cholesterol kuchokera kumitsempha kupita kuchiwindi, ndikutsatira ndikuchotsa thupi. HL cholesterol yotchedwa HDL imatchedwa "chabwino": mulingo wake wapamwamba umateteza ku matenda a mtima. Kutsika kwa HDL, komwe kumakhala kotenga matenda a mtima.

Lowensens lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, Mosiyana, amanyamula cholesterol kuchokera ku chiwindi kupita ku maselo a thupi. Mafuta a LDL ochulukirapo amatha kuyikidwa m'mitsempha ndikupanga atherosranceotic "zolembera". Kutsika kwa LDL, ndibwinoko.

Pali mtundu wina wa lipids womwe umayenera kuyang'aniridwa - triglycerides. Kuchuluka kwawo m'magazi ndikosafunikanso kwambiri.

Chifukwa chiyani cholesterol ikukwera?

Nthawi zambiri, zimakhudza chakudya, monga kudya zakudya zamafuta ambiri. Zomwe zimayambitsa ndikuchepa kwa ntchito ya chithokomiro, kulephera kwaimpso, komanso kudalira mowa.

Pomaliza, anthu ena amakhala ndi cholesterol yokwanira chifukwa cha matenda osowa mwabadwa - hypercholesterolemia.

Cholesterol imapezeka pazinthu zanyama zokha, sichoncho?

Inde, zakudya za chomera sizikhala ndi cholesterol. Koma izi sizitanthauza kuti mutha kudya mbatata iliyonse yokazinga, mafuta amkaka omwe ali ndi mafuta a mgwalangwa, soseji ndi masoseji. Zonsezi zimathandiziranso kuphwanya kagayidwe ka lipid m'thupi.

Ngati ndili ndi chiwindi chathanzi komanso kagayidwe kabwinobwino, sindingadandaule za cholesterol, ndili ndi zomwe ndikufuna, ndipo sindikhala ndi "zolembera".

Komabe, iwo omwe ali ndi chiopsezo cha dyslipidemia ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu. Komabe, palibe chifukwa choyesera kuti thupi lanu lizigwira ntchito molimbika. Ngati mumadya mafuta ochulukirapo a nyama, chakudya chamafuta ochepa komanso zakudya zopatsa mphamvu zambiri, izi zitha kuwonjezera mafuta m'thupi. Pamodzi ndi zinthu zina zowopsa zam'mtima, izi zimathandizira kukulitsa kwa atherosulinosis ndipo posakhalitsa zimabweretsa zotsatirapo zovuta.

Kodi cholesterol imadziwika bwanji?

C cholesterol chonse - 5 mmol / l

LDL cholesterol - zosakwana 3.0 mmol / l,

HDL cholesterol - zopitilira 1.2 mmol / l kwa akazi komanso zoposa 1.0 mmol / l kwa amuna.

Triglycerides - zosakwana 1.7 mmol / l.

Ndi izi, mutha kuyiwala za cholesterol kwa zaka zitatu kapena zinayi (bola mutakhala ndi moyo wathanzi, osasuta, osamwa moledzera ndi kumadya molondola).

Pamwamba mulingo wa cholesterol - kuyambira 200 mpaka 239 mg% (kuchokera 5 mpaka 6.4 mmol / l ndi apamwamba):

Yang'anirani bwino zakudya zanu, onani cholesterol yanu osachepera kawiri pachaka. Ngati pali zina zomwe zingayambitse matenda a mtima, dokotala amakulemberani mayeso kuti mupeze kuchuluka ndi kuchuluka kwa HDL ndi LDL.

Zowopsa mulingo wa cholesterol - oposa 240 mg% (6.4 mmol / l kapena kuposa):

Mitsempha yamagazi yanu ili pachiwopsezo, pamakhala chiopsezo cha matenda a mtima. Dotolo azichita mayeso owonjezera kuti adziwe kuchuluka kwa LDL, HDL ndi triglycerides, kenako kupereka mankhwala okwanira.

Anthu omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha matenda amtima.

Kodi ndikudziwa bwanji kuti ndili pachiwopsezo cha atherosulinosis?

Muyenera kuyang'anira cholesterol ngati:

Ndiwe munthu ndipo uli ndi zaka zopitilira 40,

Ndiwe mkazi ndipo uli ndi zaka zopitilira 45,

Muli ndi matenda a shuga

Mukunenepa kwambiri, kuthamanga kwa magazi, matenda a chithokomiro, matenda a impso, onenepa kwambiri

Khalani moyo wongokhala.

Ndingamvetse bwanji kuti ndili ndi cholesterol yapamwamba?

Atherosulinosis sichimapweteka mpaka nthawi ina siyimveke. Anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi cholesterol yayikulu amadzimva athanzi.

Njira yokhayo yomwe mungadziwire za ngoziyo ndikupita kukayezetsa magazi a biochemical kawirikawiri.

Kodi ndizowona kuti atherosulinosis imawopseza amuna ambiri?

Osati kwenikweni monga choncho. Malinga ndi ziwerengero, matenda amtima wam'mimba mwa abambo amakula akadali achichepere, motero amalangizidwa kuti azigwiritsa ntchito cholesterol m'mbuyomu.

Amayi omwe ali ndi msinkhu wobala ana amatetezedwa pang'ono ndi momwe amakulira, amakhala ndi cholesterol "yabwino" poyerekeza ndi amuna. Koma atayamba kusintha kwa kubereka, cholesterol "choyipa" ndi triglycerides chimayamba kukula. Paukalamba wambiri, azimayi, monga abambo, ali pachiwopsezo cha atherosulinosis.

Kodi mukufunikira kuyang'ana nthawi yayitali bwanji ya kolesterol yanu ndipo mumakhala mumayeserera kangati?

M'zaka zaposachedwa, atherosclerosis "yachulukanso." Ngakhale odwala azaka makumi atatu ndi zisanu nthawi zina timazindikira matenda amitsempha yamagazi. Pakati pa zaka 20 ndi 65, kuchuluka kwa cholesterol kumatha kuwonjezeka, kenako kumachepera pang'ono mwa amuna, pomwe mwa akazi kumakhalabe pafupifupi pamlingo womwewo.

Akuluakulu onse amayenera kukayezetsa magazi pafupifupi zaka zisanu zilizonse. Ngati mulingo wa cholesterol wanu uli wabwinobwino, ndiye kuti muyenera kungoyang'ananso zaka zingapo, koma ngati kukwezedwa, kapena mbiri ya banja lanu lolemedwa ndi cholesterol yokwezeka kapena matenda a mtima, muyenera kuyesedwa pafupipafupi.

Kodi cholesterol yowonjezera ikhoza kuwopsezedwa ndi ana?

Ana ali pachiwopsezo ngati ali ndi chizindikiro cha chibadwa cha hypercholesterolemia (mkhutu wa lipid metabolism). Pankhaniyi, kuyambira ali mwana, ana ayenera kuyang'aniridwa ndi dokotala - wamtima. Nthawi zina, kudziwa kuchuluka kwa cholesterol mwa ana sikofunikira.

Ngati mwana wanu ali pachiwopsezo, amayenera kuwunikira cholesterol pazaka pafupifupi ziwiri.

Kodi matenda am'mtima ndiwopseza kwambiri ndi cholesterol yapamwamba?

Atherosulinosis imawopseza mitsempha yonse. Kutengera komwe ndendende cholesterol imatha, matenda osiyanasiyana amakula, ndipo amawonekera m'njira zosiyanasiyana.

CHITSANZO KWA WOLELIRA. ZOPHUNZITSA ZOSIYANASIYANA ZA ATHEROSCLEROSIS

Ndi ziwiya ziti zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi cholesterol plaques?

Matenda amtima wamatsenga, chiopsezo cha kulowerera m'mitsempha.

Angina pectoris (kupweteka kwapweteka kumbuyo kwa sternum) ndi kulimbitsa thupi kapena kusangalala kwambiri, kumverera kolemetsa kuseri kwa sternum, kumverera kosowa mpweya

M'mimba msempha ndi mitsempha yake yosatupa

Kuwonongeka kwa Ischemic pamimba

Pweteketsani ululu pansi pa njira za xiphoid ("pansi ndi supuni") yomwe imachitika mphindi 15 mpaka 20 mutatha kudya. Kutupa, kudzimbidwa

Kuchepa kwa kanthawi kochepa, ischemic stroke

Pafupipafupi pamutu pamutu, tinnitus, chizungulire

Ischemic matenda a impso

Mkulu magazi, kukula kwa aimpso kulephera

Mitsempha yotsika

Matenda a m'munsi malekezero

Kumva dzanzi m'miyendo, kupweteka kwa minofu ya ng'ombe pamtolo wambiri.

Mwinanso pali zina zomwe zikuwonetsa kuti pali vuto ndi ine?

Muyenera kusaina kwa katswiri wa lipid kapena Cardiologist mwachangu ngati mungathe:

Mukachita masewera olimbitsa thupi, mumamva kupweteka kumbuyo kwa sternum,

Nthawi zina mumakumana ndi zowawa zomwezo mukasuntha, koma muli ndi nkhawa kwambiri (mwachitsanzo, yang'anani masewera a mpira kapena werengani nkhani yoyipa munyuzipepala) kapena mutapuma,

Ngakhale mutakhala ndi masewera olimbitsa thupi pang'ono (mukuyenda mothamanga) mumamva kuti mulibe mpweya ndipo mukufuna kuima ndikupuma kowonjezera,

Mumawona kutopa kochulukirapo, kumverera kotopetsa kuseri kwa sternum,

Mumakhala ndi nkhawa za kupweteka kwamutu pafupipafupi, tinnitus, kukomoka, ndi zizindikiro zina zakufa kwa mpweya.

Yang'anani! Mpaka nthawi ina, simudzazindikira kuti muli ndi cholesterol yayikulu - chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kungoyesa ndikuyang'ana dokotala wanu pafupipafupi.

Ngati ndazindikira izi, ndiyenera kulumikizana ndi ndani?

Lowani ndi akatswiri anu kuchipatala. Adzakuyesani koyambirira ndikukupatsirani maphunziro angapo kapena kulemba kalata kwa katswiri wamtima kapena katswiri wamkulu - lipidologist. Ndikosavuta kuzindikira matenda a atherosulinosis popanda zotsatira zoyesa zamankhwala am'mwazi ndi zida.

Kodi mafuta m'thupi amayesedwa bwanji?

Mokulira, mudzayesedwa kuyesa kwa magazi kwa cholesterol ndipo mudzapatsidwa malangizo ku ECG. Kupitilira apo, zonse zimatengera deta yomwe mwalandira ndi malingaliro omwe dokotala angakusankhirani.

Monga lamulo, zitsanzo za magazi zimachitika kuchokera m'mitsempha, koma ndizothekanso kudziwa mwa njira yowonetsera magazi atatengedwa kuchokera ku chala - ndiye ndikofunikira kuti awunikenso pamimba yopanda kanthu.

Choopsa chachikulu cha cholesterol yayikulu

Mthupi la munthu wathanzi lathunthu, kuchuluka kwa cholesterol m'magazi kuyenera kukhala 3,6 mpaka 7.8 mmol / lita. World Health Organisation ili ndi chikhalidwe chake, chomwe sichiyenera kupitirira 6 mmol / lita. Maupangiri oterowo amachititsa kuti malo ena azikhala amitsempha yamagazi, zomwe zimawonjezera chiopsezo cha matenda a mtima ndi stroko.

Ngati mukukhulupirira miyezo yakale ya Soviet, mulingo wa LDL m'magazi suyenera kupitirira 5 mmol / lita. Chifukwa Kuyesedwa koyenera kwa kuchuluka kwa cholesterol m'magazi kumafunikira kuwunika kwa zizindikiro zingapo. Choyamba, ndikofunikira kudziwa kuchuluka kwa LDL ndi HDL m'magazi, ndikuwerengera kuchuluka kwa ma atherogenic. Mwanjira imeneyi ndi pomwe dokotala azitha kudziwa bwino zomwe zimawopseza mafuta ambiri m'magazi

Sikovuta kumvetsetsa zomwe zimawopseza cholesterol yapamwamba. Koma ena samvera chidwi ndi izi ndipo amapitiliza kukhala ndi moyo wawo. M'malo mwake, izi ndizowopsa kwa boma laumunthu, ngati mwapezeka kuti muli ndi cholesterol yayitali, funsani dokotala wanu.

Kuphatikiza apo, cholesterol yokwezeka yamagazi ikuwopseza:

1. Kukula kwa atherosulinosis ndi chinthu chodabwitsa chomwe zolembera zimapangika pazitseko zamitsempha yamagazi. Chifukwa cha izi, amatha kukhala otsekeka, zomwe zimasokoneza kayendedwe ka magazi koyenera.
2. Kukula kwa angina pectoris ndimatenda omwe amapezeka chifukwa cha kusakwanira kwa mitsempha ya coronary.
3. Kukula kwa pathologies akulu a mtima, monga matenda a coronary, ischemia, vuto la mtima.
4. Kapangidwe ka magazi komwe kumatha kubwera ndikubowola mitsempha ya mtima.

Matenda a mtima ndi mtima omwe atchulidwa pamwambapa amayamba makamaka chifukwa cha kusayenda bwino kwa magazi. Chifukwa cha izi, myocardium - thumba la minofu - limalandira michere yokwanira. Izi zimadzetsa kuwonjezeka kwa cholesterol yovulaza. Ndikofunika kuti nthawi zonse muzifufuza mafuta awa ngati magazi.

Zambiri zimatha kuthana ndi chidziwitso cha cholesterol, momwe muli:

• Kudya zakudya zamafuta ambiri. Monga tanena kale, 80% ya cholesterol yonse amachotsa thupi mu chakudya. Pachifukwa ichi, ngati mukufuna kukhala ndi moyo wautali komanso wathanzi, yambani kuwunika zakudya zanu. Kunyalanyaza kumaopseza kukula kwa hypercholesterolemia.
• Kunenepa kwambiri. Vutoli limakhudza osati maonekedwe a munthu, koma lingawononge kwambiri thanzi lake. Mthupi la anthu otere, ma lipoprotein okwera kwambiri ndi ochepa, komanso otsika - kuchuluka. Chifukwa cha izi, zolembera zimapanga mitsempha yamagazi nthawi zonse.
• Kukhala ndi moyo wosachita zambiri. Mwakukopa kwake, izi zikufanana ndi zapita. Kulephera kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kumakhudza kuchuluka kwa cholesterol yopindulitsa komanso yoyipa, kumapangitsa kuti mitsempha ya magazi ikhale yocheperako. Izi zimabweretsa kutsukidwa kwawo, zomwe zimakwiyitsa kukula kwamavuto akulu. Ngati chifukwa cha thanzi simungathe kupita kukachita masewera olimbitsa thupi, yesani kuyenda tsiku lililonse mumlengalenga kwa mphindi 30 mpaka 40.
• Makamaka. Ngati banja lanu lakhala ndi vuto la mtima kwa mibadwo ingapo, ichi ndi chifukwa chachikulu choganizira moyo wanu. Musaiwale kuti muziyesa magazi pafupipafupi kuti muone cholesterol yambiri.
• Zaka zopitilira 50. Thupi likayamba kukalamba, kuchuluka kwa cholesterol m'magazi ake kumachitika popanda kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zakunja. Pachifukwa ichi, munthawi imeneyi, muyenera kuyang'anira thanzi lanu komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi. Komanso, musaiwale kupita pafupipafupi ndi katswiri wanu wochiritsa. Kunyalanyaza malangizowa kuli ndi zovuta zambiri.
• Mavuto ndi chithokomiro cha chithokomiro - kusayenda bwino kwa ntchito ya thupi, yomwe imayang'anira kupanga mahomoni ena, kumatha kuyambitsa kuchuluka kwa cholesterol yoyipa m'magazi. Zinthu zoterezi ndizofunikira makamaka kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga komanso hypothyroidism. Zovuta zilizonse za chithokomiro zimatha kuzindikira ndikuthothoka kwa tsitsi, kugona, komanso kutopa msanga.
• Kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zamkaka - m'mapangidwe awo mutha kupeza mafuta apadera omwe sioyenera thupi la munthu wamkulu. Chifukwa cha izi, kuchuluka kwa cholesterol m'magazi kumakwera. Choyamba, muyenera kusiya mafuta, margarine ndi tchizi. Komanso, musamadye zakudya zomwe zimakhala ndi mafuta a kanjedza kapena coconut ochulukirapo.
• Kusuta ndi kumwa mowa - zizoloŵezi ziwiri zoyipa izi zimathandizira kuchepetsa mafuta m'thupi, omwe amachititsa kuchuluka kwa LDL.Chifukwa cha izi, mapepala amayamba kupanga, omwe amatha kupha.

Cholesterol ndi lipid yomwe imayenera kukhalapo mu kuchuluka kwa thupi la munthu aliyense. Kuchuluka kwake kuyenera kuwunikidwa pafupipafupi ndi kuyezetsa magazi a labotale.

Pankhani ya kuchuluka kwa mfundo, dokotala akupatsirani mankhwala ena alionse. Ndikofunikira kuti akufotokozereni zomwe zimayambitsa cholesterol yambiri. Kunyalanyaza kupatuka kumeneku kumawopseza zovuta zambiri zomwe zimapangitsa kwambiri moyo.

About cholesterol

Cholesterol (cholesterol) ndi mankhwala omwe amapangika mosiyanasiyana. Kapangidwe kameneka ndi mowa wosakanizika, umasungunuka pama michere ndi kusapezeka bwino m'madzi. Katunduyo adadziwika ndi dzina lachi Greek loti "Greek". Cholesterol yamagazi, yopangidwa ndi chiwindi, imawerengedwa kuti ndi chinthu chofunikira. Ndi gawo lofunikira pazimelo za maselo a nyama ndi zomera, chida chomangira mavitamini a D-group ndi mahomoni a steroid, kuphatikizapo kugonana.

Kuchuluka kwa mafuta m'thupi

Cholesterol imatulutsa mankhwala kudzera mwa membrane wa cell. Pomaliza, popanda mowa wamafuta awa, kupukusa kwabwinobwino nkosatheka, chifukwa cholesterol imayambira mandulo acid.

Cholesterol nthawi zonse imayenda m'magazi. Kuchokera mu minofu, kapena chubu yakudya, imatumizidwa kwa chiwindi, kutenga nawo mbali popanga bile. Kupangidwa mu chiwindi, cholesterol imadutsa m'magazi kupita kuzinthu. Kuyenda kwa cholesterol kumachitika m'njira zophatikiza ndi lipoprotein a protein.

Pali mitundu ingapo ya cholesterol:

• Lowensens lipoproteins (LDL), LDL, kapena β-lipoproteins. Cholesterol imatengedwa kuchokera ku chiwindi kupita kumaselo a minofu. lakonzedwa kunyamula cholesterol kuchokera ku chiwindi kupita ku minofu. Ichi ndi cholesterol "choyipa", chomwe ndichulukacho chimakhazikika pamakoma amitsempha yamagazi, ndikupanga cholesterol malo,
• Kutsika kwambiri kwa lipoproteins (VLDL), VLDL. Amanyamula mafuta. Zimasweka mthupi, osasunthika pazitseko zamitsempha yamagazi. Komabe, gawo la VLDL limasinthidwa kukhala LDL, chifukwa chake cholesterol yotereyi imawonedwanso ngati yoyipa,
• Kukweza (HDL), HDL. Chotsani cholesterol owonjezera kuchokera ku ziwalo kupita kuchiwindi kuti muchotse. Ichi ndi cholesterol chabwino.

Miyezo yambiri ya HDL imawonedwa ngati chizindikiro chabwino: cholesterol yayikulu m'magazi nthawi zambiri imapita ku chiwindi. Pamenepo, cholesterol imatha kukonza ndipo sadzagwa pamakoma amitsempha yamagazi.

Kuyeza cholesterol imatengedwa mmol / l. Chizolowezi cha cholesterol yamagazi ndi 5.7 ± 2.1 mmol / l. Komabe, ngati kuchuluka kwa cholesterol kumapitilira 5 mmol / l, cholesterol imadziwika. Ubwenzi pakati pa HDL ndi LDL + VLDL ndikofunikira kwambiri. HDL yapamwamba imawonedwa kuti ndiyabwino. Ngati sizili choncho, muyenera kubwereza zakudyazo ndikuchita mayeso. Kodi magawowa ali otsika, amatanthauza chiyani? Munthu amakhala ndi chizindikiro cha mtima wamatenda.

Zizindikiro zakusanthula

Mu dongosolo la biochemical maphunziro, okwanira magazi cholesterol amatsimikiza. Zofunikira za wopereka magazi a venous ndi muyezo - perekani magazi pamimba yopanda kanthu. Dzulo lake, musadye mafuta, musamwe mowa, musasute fodya tsiku lomwera magazi.

Kudziwika kwa cholesterol yamagazi ndikofunikira pamagulu otsatirawa a odwala:

• Anthu odwala matenda ashuga
• Ndi malingaliro a chithokomiro
• Olemera kwambiri,
• Odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a atherosulinosis,
• Odwala omwe akhala akutenga njira za kulera za steroid kwa nthawi yayitali,
• Kusamba
• Amuna> wazaka 35.

Zoyambitsa Hypercholesterolemia

Kuchulukitsa kwa magazi ndi cholesterol kumawerengedwa kuti ndi vuto lalikulu pakukula kwa atherosclerosis.

Pali zifukwa zotsatirazi zokulimbikitsa kuchuluka kwa LDL + VLDL + HDL:

• Kuchuluka kwa LDL + VLDL pa HDL chifukwa cha kulumala kwakubala,
• Kunenepa kwambiri Cholesterol amatanthauza mafuta osakanikirana ndi mafuta, motero owonjezera amawasunga m'mafupa amafuta a munthu wonenepa.
• Chakudya chopanda malire: Mafuta ochulukirapo a nyama okhala ndi mavitamini komanso ulusi wazomera,
• Adinamia
• Kuganiza kwa chithokomiro
• Matenda a shuga
• Kusuta fodya. Nicotine amakhumudwitsa spasms wam'mimba komanso kaphatikizidwe ka LDL + VLDL,
• Kupsinjika Zimabweretsa malo osakhazikika amitsempha yamagazi, yomwe imasokoneza njira ya hypercholesterolemia.

Hypercholesterolemia imayamba pang'onopang'ono. Poyamba, ndi asymptomatic, ndiye kuti zizindikiro za pathological zimachuluka. Ndi chiani chomwe chikuwopseza cholesterol yapamwamba m'magazi ndi zizindikiro zake? Kutsatira mavuto:

• Maonekedwe akupsinjika, kupsyinjika kupweteka kumbuyo kwa sternum, coralary coronary syndrome, mawonekedwe a kupuma movutikira ndi kuchuluka kwambiri kwa thupi,
• Necrosis of the myocardial site. Imadziwoneka ngati yowawa, kudula ululu m'chifuwa,
• Atherosulinosis yamitsempha yamatumbo - yowonetsedwa ndi mseru, chizungulire, kusokonezeka kwa kukumbukira ndi kuwonongeka pang'ono kwa masomphenya,
• Kufa kwa miyendo. Kutupa muubongo,
• Kulumikizana kwamkati - kumadziwika ndi ululu m'munsi chifukwa chotseka mizere yamagazi,
• Maonekedwe a xanthelasma ndi mawonekedwe, achikaso, achikasu, opangidwa ndi cholesterol yomwe imatuluka pamwamba pa khungu. Ili pamiyala, pafupi ndi mphuno. Sizipweteka, musatembenukire ku oncological formations.

Chifukwa chake, anthu omwe amakonda mtima komanso matenda a mtima amafunika kuwongolera kuchuluka kwa cholesterol mwa akulu ndi ana.

Zakudya achire

Ndi chakudya, zosaposa 20% ya cholesterol yomwe imayenda mthupi lonse. Komabe, bungwe lothandiza pochiritsa odwala limathandizanso kwambiri matendawa. Kuphatikiza apo, pali zinthu zotsitsa cholesterol.

Zakudya zochiritsika za cholesterol yoyipa imapereka zoletsa kapena kupatula zina zingapo kuchokera muzakudya za tsiku ndi tsiku.

Izi zikuphatikiza:

• Zakudya zamafuta,
• Chiwindi
• Mayonesi
• Margarine
• Mazira a dzira
• Wowawasa zonona
• Zinthu zopanda mkaka,
• Ng'ombe za ng'ombe.

Pali matebulo osonyeza cholesterol muzakudya. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti chakudyacho chizipangidwira kotero kuti mulibe> 350 mg ya cholesterol.

Pulogalamu ya Cholesterol Yogulitsa

Madokotala amalimbikitsa kupatsa thanzi zakudya zotsatirazi:

• Ma Leamu - nandolo, mphodza. nyemba, anapiye, soya. Muli zinthu zochulukirapo za pectin ndi ulusi wazomera, zomwe zimachepetsa kuyamwa kwa lipids kuchokera m'matumbo am'mimba,
• Mitundu - parsley, sipinachi, masamba olemera ndi anyezi ndi anyezi. Izi zimawonetsa zinthu zotsutsana ndi atherogenic - sizikuumitsa cholesterol plaque,
• Garlic. Allicin amasokoneza kaphatikizidwe wa cholesterol,
• Masamba ndi zipatso za mtundu wofiira. Muli ma polyphenols, omwe amalimbikitsa kapangidwe ka cholesterol "yabwino",
• Mafuta ophikira masamba - chimanga, soya, mpendadzuwa, maolivi. Muli ndi phytosterols yofanana ndi cholesterol "yabwino",
• Zakudya zam'nyanja. Amawonjezera zomwe zili mu cholesterol "yabwino" m'magazi.

Chakudya chokhala ndi cholesterol yayikulu chimayenera kusamalidwa ndi ma calories ndi michere yonse. Idyani kasanu ndi kamodzi patsiku m'magawo ang'onoang'ono. Chakudya chamadzulo chamadzulo musanagone, amaletsa ntchito.

Chithandizo chopambana, kuwonjezera pa zakudya, chimaphatikizaponso malamulo otsatirawa:

• Kugona kwa maola asanu ndi atatu, kupuma kwabwino,
• Kutsatira kugona, kupumula, kudya,
• Kusuta kusiya mowa ndi mowa,
• Maphunziro azamisala. Chitetezo ku nkhawa zambiri,
• Nkhondo yolimbana ndi adynamia. Kubweza, kuthamanga, kuyenda, njinga,
• Kulimbana ndi kunenepa kwambiri. Chithandizo chathunthu cha matenda a pathologies.

Zithandizo za anthu

Chithandizo cha cholesterol yayikulu ndi mankhwala wowerengeka chimatsika ndikugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala azitsamba omwe amatha kuchotsa "cholesterol" yoyipa m'thupi kapena kupangitsanso kupanga "zabwino".

Kudya pafupipafupi ma cloves awiri kapena atatu a adyo kungayambitse cholesterol yayikulu kukhala yabwinobwino. Garlic imatha kulawa ndi mandimu kapena uchi. Mankhwala omwe amapezeka posakaniza adyo ophwanyidwa (200 g) ndi supuni ziwiri za uchi ndi msuzi wofinyidwa kuchokera ku ndimu yolimba yaying'ono amadziwika kuti ndi wotchuka.

Mankhwala amatsekedwa ndi chivindikiro ndikuwadyedwa pamlingo wa - supuni imodzi patsiku. Chochita chimasungidwa mufiriji.

Njira yothandiza yolimbana ndi cholesterol yayikulu imawonedwa kuti ndi hawthorn (alba). Tincture wake woledzera umakonzedwa posakaniza zipatso zofanana zakupsa zomwe zimaphatikizidwa mu zamkati ndi Ghostus vini. Mphamvu zakuchiritsa za hawthorn zimakhala ndi maluwa ndi zipatso zouma za alba. Tincture wa mowa umakonzedwa kuchokera ku maluwa, ndipo tiyi amapangidwa kuchokera ku zouma zouma.

Makina a Hawthorn

Zinthu zina zogwira ntchito

Amathandizira kuti magazi akhale ndi magazi m'magazi, rye chinangwa, balere, mtedza. Ma tannins omwe amapezeka mu tiyi wobiriwira amatha kumangiriza cholesterol yochulukirapo "yoyipa".

Simuyenera kukhala odzikuza komanso odzipangira nokha. Zamoyo zomwe zimachokera ku mbewu zimatha kuvulaza ngati zitagwiritsidwa ntchito molakwika. Chifukwa chake, kulumikizana ndi katswiri ndikofunikira.

Mankhwala

Ngati wodwala wapezeka ndi atherosulinosis komanso osagwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa osapatsa mphamvu, siyani kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo.

Mankhwala otsatirawa a cholesterol ambiri amadziwika kwambiri:

• Madera Mfundo ya zochita za statin ndiyo kuletsa enzyme yomwe imakhudzana ndi kapangidwe ka cholesterol. Njira ya chithandizo ndi yayitali,
• Vasilip. Mankhwala amagwiritsidwa ntchito mosamala moyang'aniridwa ndi dokotala, chifukwa pali zotsutsana zambiri,
• Torvacard. Amakwaniritsa muyeso wa cholesterol yoyipa ndi yabwino. Zimaletsa matenda amitsempha yamagazi ndi mtima.

Pali mankhwala angapo a fibrate omwe amalimbikitsa cholesterol yabwino.

Chithandizo cha matendawa chimafuna kulimbikira ndi ndalama zambiri kuposa kupewa. Njira zazikulu zodzitetezera ziyenera kuonedwa ngati kusiya zizolowezi zoyipa ndikupanga zabwino. Tikukhulupirira kuti takupatsani yankho la chomwe chiri cholesterol yayikulu m'magazi, chomwe chimakhala, ndizotani ndi zomwe zimayambitsa, komanso momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito monga mankhwala azikhalidwe.

Kodi cholesterol ndi chiyani?

Cholesterol wokwera imatha kuonedwa ngati vuto lofala masiku ano.

Nthawi zambiri, matenda amtunduwu amapezeka mwa oimira theka la amuna, omwe amalumikizidwa ndikuwonetsa kwambiri zizolowezi zowonjezera, kuphatikiza pa izi, abambo ambiri amadya kwambiri yokazinga ndi mafuta kuposa azimayi.

Mlingo wa lipids umakhudzidwa ndi kusuta, kumwa, kukhala mokhazikika, komanso kupanikizika kosalekeza.

Mavuto omwe amayamba chifukwa cha cholesterol yowonjezereka mwa amuna amawonetsedwa nthawi zambiri, kuyambira zaka zapakati pa 35.

Munthu wathanzi m'magazi amakhala ndi cholesterol cholembedwa zosakwana 5.0 mmol / L. Madokotala akuyankhula zakukwera kwa lipoprotein yamagazi pochitika kuti chizindikirochi chikwera kuchokera kwabwinobwino, kupitirira gawo limodzi lachitatu.

Cholesterol ndi mowa wamafuta.

Mankhwala, akatswiri amasiyanitsa mitundu ingapo ya cholesterol:

1. High Density Lipoproteins (HDL).
2. Low Density Lipoproteins (LDL).
3. Lipoproteins a kachulukidwe kachulukidwe.
4. Kutsika kwambiri kwa lipoproteins.

Ma lipoproteins otsika kwambiri amatchedwa cholesterol yoyipa. High density lipoproteins amathandiza kuchepetsa LDL.

Mulingo wa cholesterol umatengera zinthu zingapo, zomwe zotsatirazi ndizofunikira kwambiri:

• kunenepa
• kubadwa kwamtsogolo
• ochepa matenda oopsa
• kusuta
• matenda ashuga
• kusamwa okwanira masamba ndi zipatso,
• zaka zopitilira 40
• matenda amtima
• moyo wosachita zambiri (gulu langozi - madalaivala, ogwira ntchito muofesi),
• nkhanza zaonenepa, zotsekemera, zokazinga ndi zamchere, zakumwa zoledzeretsa.

Kuphatikiza apo, kuchuluka kwa cholesterol kumachitika pamene mankhwala ena amagwiritsidwa ntchito munthawi ya mankhwala.

Chizolowezi cha cholesterol mwa anthu

Kuchuluka kwa lipids kumatsimikiziridwa ndikuyesa mayeso a labotale.

Mulingo wa chinthuchi umadalira jenda komanso zaka.

Mu thupi la mkazi, kuchuluka kwa lipoproteins kuli kokhazikika mpaka nthawi yakutha kusintha kwa kusintha kwa thupi ndi kusintha kwa mphamvu yokhudzana ndi kubereka.

Malingana ndi miyezo yomwe munthu amavomereza kuti munthu akhale nayo, chithunzi cha 5.0-5.2 mmol / L chimawoneka chabwinobwino. Kukula kwa lipoprotein mpaka 6,3 mmol / L ndikovomerezeka kwambiri. Ndi chiwopsezo choposa 6.3 mmol / L, cholesterol imawerengedwa kuti ndi yokwera.

M'magazi, cholesterol imapezeka m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Pa iliyonse yamtundu uwu wa mankhwala pamakhala kutsimikizika kokhwima. Zizindikiritso izi zimatengera zaka komanso mtundu wa munthu.

Gome limawonetsa zodziwika bwino za lipoproteins zamitundu yosiyanasiyana kwa akazi, kutengera zaka, mmol / L.

Pansipa pali zotsatira zapafupipafupi zotsatira za kafukufuku wamitundu yosiyanasiyana ya lipoprotein mwa amuna, kutengera zaka.

Kutengera ndi zomwe zaperekedwa, titha kunena kuti kuchuluka kwa cholesterol, azimayi ndi abambo, kumadalira zikuluzikulu za zaka, kukalamba, kuchuluka kwa zomwe zimapezeka m'magazi.

Kusiyana pakati pa mkazi ndi wamwamuna ndikuti mwa amuna msinkhu wa mowa wamafuta umakwera mpaka zaka 50, ndipo atafika m'badwo uno, kuchepa kwa chizindikiro ichi kumayamba.

Zinthu zomwe zimakhudza kuchuluka kwa lipoproteins

Potanthauzira zotsatira za mayeso a labotale, pali zinthu zingapo zomwe ziyenera kuganizira zomwe zingayambitse index ya lipid m'magazi a anthu.

Kwa amayi, potanthauzira, nthawi yakusamba ndi kukhalapo kwa pakati ziyenera kukumbukiridwa.

Kuphatikiza apo, ziyenera kukumbukiridwa mukakonza zotsatira za kafukufuku wa labotale magawo monga

1. Nyengo ya chaka pa kafukufuku.
2. Kukhalapo kwa matenda ena.
3. Kukhalapo kwa neoplasms yoyipa.

Kutengera ndi nyengo ya chaka, zomwe cholesterol imatha kuchepa kapena kuwonjezeka. Ndizodziwika bwino kuti nthawi yozizira, kuchuluka kwa cholesterol kumawonjezeka ndi 2-4%. Kupatuka koteroko pakuyenda wamba kumakhala kwachilengedwe.

Mwa amayi omwe ali ndi zaka za kubereka mu theka loyamba la kusamba, kuwonjezeka kwa 10% kumawonedwa, komwe kumawoneka ngati kwabwinobwino.

Nthawi ya bere ndi nthawi yomwe pakukula kwakukulu pamlingo wa lipoproteins.

Kukhalapo kwa matenda monga angina pectoris, matenda ashuga, matenda oopsa.

Kukhalapo kwa neoplasms yoyipa kumatsitsimutsa kuchepa kwambiri kwa ndende ya lipid, yomwe imafotokozedwa ndi kuwonjezereka kwa ziwalo za minofu.

Kapangidwe ka minofu ya m'magazi kumafuna kuchuluka kwamitundu yosiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza mowa.

Nchiyani chikuwopseza cholesterol yapamwamba?

Kupezeka kwa cholesterol yapamwamba kumapezeka pakamayesedwa pafupipafupi kapena pomwe wodwala agonekedwa m'chipatala kuchipatala mozindikira kuti ali ndi vuto la mtima kapena stroke.

Kuperewera kwa njira zopewera komanso kukonza moyo wopanda thanzi, komanso kukana kuyesedwa, zimakhudza thanzi la anthu mtsogolo.

Kukhalapo kwa milingo yambiri ya lipoprotein m'magazi kumabweretsa kuti LDL idakhazikika. Mtundu wa sediment uwu umakhazikika pamakoma amitsempha yamagazi mu mawonekedwe a cholesterol plaques.

Kapangidwe ka madongosolo kamtunduwu kumabweretsa chitukuko cha atherosclerosis.

Kapangidwe ka mapepala kumabweretsa zisokonezo m'magazi omwe amapezeka m'magazi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kusowa kwa michere m'magazi komanso kufa ndi mpweya.

Zombo zopanda mafuta zimayambitsa maonekedwe a vuto la mtima komanso kukula kwa angina pectoris.

Akatswiri a mtima amati kuwonjezereka kwa kuchuluka kwa lipids m'magazi kumapangitsa kuti matenda a mtima ayambe kugunda.

Kubwerera ku moyo wabwinobwino pambuyo povutitsidwa ndi mtima ndi stroko ndi ntchito yovuta yomwe imafuna nthawi yayitali komanso chithandizo chamankhwala choyenera.

Pankhani yakuwonjezeka kwa lipids, anthu amakhala ndi zodwala pantchito yamiyendo kwakanthawi, ndikuwoneka kupweteka pakamayendedwe kajambulidwa.

Kuphatikiza apo, ndi zambiri za LDL:

• mawonekedwe a xanthomas ndi mawanga achikasu pazikhungu,
• kunenepa kwambiri,
• mawonekedwe a ululu wopweteka m'dera la mtima.

Kuphatikiza apo, kuwonjezereka kwa cholesterol yoyipa kumapangitsa kuti matumbo asamuke chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa mafuta m'mimba. Izi zimayambitsa chisokonezo mu ntchito ya m'mimba.

Pa nthawi yomweyo ndi kuphwanya komwe kwatchulidwa, vuto la kupuma limayang'aniridwa, popeza pali kuchuluka kwa mafuta m'mapapo.

Kusokonezeka kwa kayendedwe ka magazi chifukwa cha kupangika kwa cholesterol plaques kumapangitsa kuti magazi azigwera, zomwe zimakhudza kugwira ntchito kwa mtima wamanjenje. Ubongo wa munthu samalandira zakudya zokwanira.

Mitsempha yamagazi yozungulira yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito ubongo ikatsekedwa, mpweya wabwino wama cell a ubongo umawonedwa, ndipo izi zimayambitsa kukula kwa sitiroko.

Kuwonjezeka kwa magazi triglycerides kumabweretsa kukula kwa matenda a impso ndi matenda a mtima.

Kukula kwa vuto la mtima ndi sitiroko ndiye chifukwa chokulirapo kwa kufa kwa anthu ndi kuchuluka kwa LDL m'magazi. Kufa kwa ma pathologies awa ndi pafupifupi 50% ya zochitika zonse zolembedwa.

Kuphulika kwa minofu chifukwa cha kupangika kwa zolembedwa ndi thrombus kumabweretsa kukula kwa gangrene.

Mitundu yambiri ya lipoproteins yotsika kwambiri imatha kuthandizira kukulitsa matenda a ubongo. Izi zimatha kubweretsa mawonekedwe a kuchepa kwa maganizo. Nthawi zina, ndizotheka kudziwa munthu amene ali ndi matenda a Alzheimer's.

Nthawi zina, kuchuluka kwa ma lipoprotein otsika kwambiri kungawonetse kuti munthu ali ndi mavuto obwera chifukwa cha majini.

Ndi kuchuluka kosalamulirika kwa cholesterol, mavuto amatha kupezeka m'chiwindi, munthawi imeneyi, mapangidwe a miyala ya cholesterol amapezeka.

Kuwonjezeka kwa cholesterol ndicho chifukwa chachikulu cha chitukuko cha atherosulinosis

Kwa nthawi yoyamba, malingaliro akuti cholesterol ndi omwe amafunikira kwambiri atherosulinosis adapangidwa ndi N. Anichkov kumayambiriro kwa zaka zana zapitazi.

Kapangidwe ka madongosolo a mowa wamagetsi kumabweretsa mapangidwe amisempha m'malo obisika.

Ndi kupitilirabe kwa chiphunzitso cha matenda, kupatukana kapena kupindika kwa thrombus kumachitika, izi zimatsogolera ku kuwoneka kwa ma pathologies akulu.

Chimodzi mwazinthu zodziwika kwambiri zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa mafuta a cholesterol ndi:

1. Kukhazikika kwa kufa mwadzidzidzi kwa coronary.
2. Kukula kwa pulmonary embolism.
3. Kukula kwa sitiroko.
4. Kukula kwa vuto la mtima ndi matenda ashuga.

M'mayiko omwe chiwerengero cha anthu chimadwala LDL, kuchuluka kwa matenda amtima kumakhala kwakukulu kwambiri kuposa komweko komwe kumapezeka mayiko omwe amapezeka ndi lipoproteins ambiri.

Mukamayang'anira zolemba zamankhwala zam'magazi a LDL, ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti kuchuluka kwa izi kumakhalanso kosafunikira kwa thupi. Izi ndichifukwa choti gululi la zinthu limaletsa kukula kwa kuchepa kwa magazi ndi matenda amanjenje.

Kuphatikiza apo, kupezeka kwa thupi la cholesterol yoyipa m'malo amomwe amalepheretsa kukula kwa neoplasms yoyipa.

Zotsatira zomwe zingachitike chifukwa cha matenda atherosclerosis mu shuga afotokozedwa mu kanema munkhaniyi.

Kodi cholesterol ndi chiyani?

Ichi ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zachilengedwe m'thupi, popanda zomwe zimakhala zovuta kuti munthu akhale ndi moyo, ngati ayi, osatheka. Chipangizo cha biochemical ichi ndiye maziko azinthu zambiri zomwe zimagwira thupi zomwe zimapatsa thupi ntchito zofunikira. Ndizosatheka popanda izi, koma zochuluka zimapanga zovuta zambiri ndi zovuta zopweteka zomwe zimakhudza kwambiri moyo wa munthu.

Kodi cholesterol yoopsa kwambiri ndi iti?

Kuchuluka kwa nthawi yayitali m'magazi a cholesterol kumapangitsa kuti pakhale matenda a mtima. Vutoli limatchedwa atherosulinosis, ndipo tanthauzo lake ndi loti mawonekedwe ang'onoang'ono am'kati mwa kama. Mapilogalamu amachititsa kuti magazi azitsekeka kapena kupindika kwa mitsempha. Kutengera komwe magazi amatsekedwa, matenda akupha omwe amayamba chifukwa cha zotupa zamatumbo a atherosulinotic atha kulembedwa.

Kusapezeka kwa magazi okhala ndi mpweya m'mitsempha ya ubongo chifukwa cha atherosulinosis kumabweretsa minofu hypoxia. Izi ziwoneka ngati mkhalidwe wowopsa womwe umapangitsa munthu kukhala wolumala.

4. Kulephera kwa impso

Ngati ziwiya za impso chifukwa cha kukhalapo kwa zolembera za atherosselotic zitha kulandira okosijeni wochepa komanso zakudya, izi zingakhale ndi vuto pa impso. Kulephera kuchotsa zinthu zovulaza m'thupi kudzera mu mkodzo kumayambitsa matenda akulu mwa anthu.

Kapangidwe ka magazi pena paliponse mthupi kumatha kudzetsa matenda osiyanasiyana omwe amayamba chifukwa chosowa michere ndi mpweya womwe umaperekedwa ndi magazi. Aliyense wa iwo, pamapeto, amakhudza thanzi, ubora komanso moyo wautali.

2. Kupeza zovuta za metabolic

Matenda omwe munthu amakhala nawo moyo wonse. Amatha kutsogolera kusintha kwa cholesterol m'magazi. Ndikofunika, makamaka mwachidule, kuti muwatchule:

- matenda a chiwindi (cholecystitis, hepatitis, cholestasis),

- endocrine matenda (shuga mellitus, adrenal zotupa, hypothyroidism).

4. Mankhwala

Pankhani ya kubadwa kwa matenda ndipo ngati nkotheka kuthana ndi matenda omwe mwapeza, muyenera kumwa mankhwala omwe adokotala amachepetsa cholesterol m'magazi.

Kuchuluka kwa cholesterol m'mwazi wa munthu pafupifupi nthawi zonse kumayambitsa matenda akupha. Strar and myocardial infarction - m'nthawi yathu ino, ichi ndiye chimayambitsa kufa kwakukulu. Zitha kupewedwa pokhapokha mukamadya zakudya zama hypocholesterol, khalani ndi moyo wakhama komanso ngati mukufunika kumwa mankhwala apadera.