Levemir - insulin

Chithandizo cha matenda a shuga chiri ngati njira yothandizira. Popeza insulini yeniyeni singathe kuthandiza kuyamwa kwa magazi m'magazi, ake analogue oyambitsa amayamba. Ndi matenda a shuga amtundu woyamba, iyi ndiyo njira yokhayo yolimbikitsira thanzi la odwala.

Pakadali pano, zikuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa mankhwalawa pokonzekera ma insulin, popeza mothandizidwa ndi iwo amatha kuchepetsa shuga mu mtundu 2 wa matenda ashuga, wokhala ndi matenda opatsirana, pakati komanso njira zopangira opaleshoni.

Kuchita mankhwala a insulin kuyenera kufanana ndi zachilengedwe ndikupanga insulin kuchokera ku kapamba. Pachifukwa ichi, sikuti amangogwiritsa ntchito ma insulin okhazikika pokhapokha, komanso omwe amakhala nthawi yayitali, komanso insulin.

Malamulo a insulin

Ndi insulin yodziwika bwino ya insulin, imakhala m'magazi nthawi zonse monga mawonekedwe (oyambira) kumbuyo. Amapangidwa kuti achepetse mphamvu ya glucagon, yomwe imapanganso maselo a alpha popanda kusokoneza. Kubisala kwakanthawi kochepa - pafupifupi 0,5 kapena 1 unit ola lililonse.

Pofuna kuti odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga apange gawo loyambira la insulin, mankhwala ogwiritsira ntchito nthawi yayitali amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Izi zikuphatikiza insulin Levemir, Lantus, Protafan, Tresiba ndi ena. Makonzedwe a insulin omwe amakhala nthawi yayitali amachitidwa kamodzi kapena kawiri pa tsiku. Ikaperekedwa kawiri, nthawiyo ndi maola 12.

Mlingo wa mankhwalawa umasankhidwa payekhapayekha, chifukwa pakhoza kukhala ndi kufunikira kwakukulu kwa insulin usiku, ndiye kuti mlingo wamadzulo umawonjezereka, ngati pakufunika kuchepa kwabwino masana, ndiye kuti mlingo waukulu umasamutsidwa m'mawa wam'mawa. Mlingo wonse wa mankhwala omwe amalandiridwa umatengera kulemera, zakudya, zolimbitsa thupi.

Kuphatikiza pa kut katemera wam'mbuyo, kupanga kwa insulin popanga zakudya kumapangidwanso. Mwazi wamagazi ukamakwera, kaphatikizidwe kamatenda ndi katulutsidwe ka insulin kamayamba kuyamwa chakudya. Nthawi zambiri, 12 g yamafuta amafunikira magawo awiri a insulin.

Monga cholowa m'malo mwa "chakudya" cha insulin, chomwe chimatsitsa hyperglycemia mutatha kudya, amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo (Actrapid) ndi ultrashort (Novorapid). Ma insulini oterewa amawonetsedwa katatu patsiku musanadye chakudya chachikulu chilichonse.

Insulin yochepa imafunikira chakudya pambuyo pake patatha maola awiri. Ndiye kuti, ndikulowetsa nthawi ya 3, muyenera kudya katatu. Kukonzekera kwa Ultrashort sikufuna kudya kwapakatikati. Zochita zawo zapamwamba zimakuthandizani kuti muzitha kuyamwa zakudya zomwe adalandira ndi chakudya chachikulu, pambuyo pake ntchito yawo imatha.

Mitundu yayikulu yotsata insulin ikuphatikiza:

1. Chikhalidwe - choyamba, mlingo wa insulin amawerengedwa, ndipo kenako chakudya, chakudya m'matimu, zochitika zolimbitsa thupi zimasinthidwa kuti zitheke. Tsiku limakonzekera kwathunthu ndi ora. Simungasinthe chilichonse mmenemo (kuchuluka kwa chakudya, mtundu wa chakudya, nthawi yolowa).
2. Chakulimbikitsidwa - insulini imasinthana ndi boma la tsikulo ndikupereka ufulu wopanga dongosolo la insulin yoyendetsera zakudya ndi zakudya.

Njira yochizira kwambiri ya insulini imagwiritsa ntchito zonse zakumaso - zowonjezera insulin kamodzi kapena kawiri pa tsiku, komanso yochepa (ultrashort) musanadye.

Levemir Flexpen - katundu ndi mawonekedwe a ntchito

Levemir Flexpen amapangidwa ndi kampani yopanga mankhwala Novo Nordisk. Fomu yotulutsayo ndimadzuwa osapaka utoto, omwe cholinga chake ndi kupaka jekeseni wofikira.

Kapangidwe ka insulin Levemir Flexpen (analog ya insulin ya anthu) akuphatikizira ntchito yogwira - detemir.Mankhwalawa amapangidwa kuchokera ku genetic engineering, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti azitha kupereka mankhwala kwa odwala omwe ali ndi ziwengo kuti apange insulin ya nyama.

Mu 1 ml ya Levemir insulin ili ndi 100 IU, yankho limayikidwa mu cholembera, lomwe lili ndi 3 ml, ndiye 300 IU. Mu phukusi la zolembera 5 pulasitiki zotayika. Mtengo wa Levemir FlekPen ndiwokwera pang'ono kuposa mankhwala omwe amagulitsidwa m'mak cartridge kapena m'mabotolo.

Malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito Levemir akuwonetsa kuti insulin iyi ingagwiritsidwe ntchito ndi odwala omwe ali ndi mtundu woyamba komanso wachiwiri wa matenda osokoneza bongo, komanso kuti ndibwino kupezanso chithandizo chamankhwala a shuga mwa amayi apakati.

Kafukufuku wokhudza momwe mankhwalawa amathandizira odwala amapezeka. Pakaperekedwa kamodzi patsiku patatha milungu 20, kulemera kwa odwala kunawonjezeka ndi 700 g, ndipo gulu loyerekeza lomwe linalandira insulin-isophan (Protafan, Insulim) kuchuluka komweko kunali 1600 g.

Ma insulini onse amagawika m'magulu potengera nthawi:

• Ndi ultrashort yotsitsa shuga - kumayambira kwa mphindi 10-15. Aspart, Lizpro, Khmumulin R.
• Zochita zazifupi - yambani pambuyo pa mphindi 30, nsonga pambuyo maola 2, nthawi yonse - maola 4-6. Actrapid, Farmasulin N.
• Nthawi yayitali yochita - maola 1.5 atayamba kutsika magazi, imafika pachimake pambuyo maola 4-11, zotsatira zimatha maola 12 mpaka 18. Insuman Rapid, Protafan, Vozulim.
• Kuphatikiza kachitidwe - ntchito imawonekera pakatha mphindi 30, nsonga ya 2 mpaka 8 maola kuyambira nthawi yoyang'anira, imatha maola 20. Mikstard, Novomiks, Farmasulin 30/70.
• Kuchitapo kanthu kwa nthawi yayitali kunayamba pambuyo pa maola 4-6, kuchuluka - maola 10-18, kutalika konse kwa kanthu mpaka tsiku. Gululi limaphatikizapo Levemir, Protamine.
• Insulin ya Ultra yotalika imagwira ntchito maola 36-42 - Tresiba insulin.

Levemir ndi insulin wautali wokhala ndi mbiri yabwino. Maonekedwe a mankhwalawa samasiyana poyerekeza ndi isofan-insulin kapena glargine. Kuchita kwa nthawi yayitali kwa Levemir ndi chifukwa chakuti mamolekyulu ake amapanga malo a jakisoni komanso amamangika ku albumin. Chifukwa chake, insulin iyi imaperekedwa pang'onopang'ono kuzinthu zovuta.

Isofan-insulin adasankhidwa ngati chitsanzo pakuyerekeza, ndipo zidatsimikiziridwa kuti Levemir ali ndi kuyanjana kofananira kulowa m'magazi, komwe kumatsimikizira kuchitidwa kosalekeza tsiku lonse. Njira yotsitsa glucose imalumikizidwa ndikupanga insulin receptor zovuta pa membrane wa cell.

Levemir imakhudzanso zochita za metabolic:

1. Imathandizira kaphatikizidwe ka michere mkati mwa selo, kuphatikiza mapangidwe a glycogen - glycogen synthetase.
2. Amathandizira kayendedwe ka glucose mu cell.
3. Imathandizira kupezeka kwa mamolekyulu am'magazi kuchokera kuzungulira magazi.
4. Imalimbikitsa mapangidwe a mafuta ndi glycogen.
5. Zimalepheretsa kaphatikizidwe ka shuga m'chiwindi.

Chifukwa cha kusowa kwa chitetezo chazogwiritsira ntchito Levemir, sikulimbikitsidwa kwa ana osakwana zaka 2. Mukamagwiritsidwa ntchito mwa amayi apakati, palibe zoyipa pa mimbayo, thanzi la mwana wakhanda, komanso mawonekedwe a zovuta.

Palibe chidziwitso chokhudza makanda pakuyamwitsa, koma popeza ndi a gulu la mapuloteni omwe amawonongeka mosavuta m'matumbo ndikugaya m'matumbo, zitha kulingaliridwa kuti sizilowa mkaka wa m'mawere.

Momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito Levemir Flexpen?

Ubwino wa Levemir ndizomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kuchuluka kwa mankhwalawa m'magazi nthawi yonse yochitapo kanthu. Ngati Mlingo wa 0,2-0.4 IU pa 1 makilogalamu wodwala umaperekedwa, ndiye kuti zotsatira zoyenera zimachitika pambuyo pa maola 3-4, kufika pamtunda ndikuchitika mpaka maola 14 pambuyo pokhazikitsa. Kutalika konse kokhala m'mwazi ndi maola 24.

Ubwino wa Levemir ndikuti ulibe chiwonetsero chazithunzithunzi, chifukwa chake, mukakhazikitsidwa, palibe chiopsezo cha shuga wambiri wambiri.Zinapezeka kuti chiopsezo cha hypoglycemia masana chimachitika osakwana 70%, ndikuwukiridwa ndi usiku ndi 47%. Kafukufuku adachitika kwa zaka ziwiri mwa odwala.

Ngakhale kuti Levemir imagwira ntchito masana, ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti iziperekedwanso kawiri kuti muchepetse ndikukhalabe ndi shuga yamagazi okhazikika. Ngati insulini imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuphatikiza ndi insulin yochepa, imayendetsedwa m'mawa ndi madzulo (kapena pogona) ndi nthawi yotalika maola 12.

Zochizira matenda amtundu wa 2, Levemir angathe kutumikiridwa kamodzi komanso nthawi yomweyo kumwa mapiritsi okhala ndi vuto la hypoglycemic. Mlingo woyamba wa odwala otere ndi mayunitsi a 0-0-0.2 pa 1 makilogalamu amalemu. Mlingo wa wodwala aliyense amasankhidwa payekha, kutengera mtundu wa glycemia.

Levemir imayang'aniridwa pansi pa khungu la kunja kwa ntchafu, phewa, kapena pamimba. Tsamba la jakisoni liyenera kusinthidwa nthawi iliyonse. Kupereka mankhwala ndikofunikira:

• Ndi chosankha cha mankhwala, sankhani chiwerengero chomwe mukufuna.
• Ikani singano pamtundu wa khungu.
• Dinani batani loyambira.
• Dikirani 6 - 8 masekondi
• Chotsani singano.

Kusintha kwa Mlingo kumakhala kofunikira kwa odwala okalamba omwe ali ndi kuchepa kwa impso kapena chiwindi, ndikuphatikiza kwa matenda ophatikizika, kusintha kwa zakudya kapena kuwonjezera zolimbitsa thupi. Ngati wodwalayo asamutsidwa kupita ku Levemir kuchokera ku ma insulin ena, ndiye kuti kusankhidwa kwa mlingo watsopano ndi kuwongolera glycemic koyenera ndikofunikira.

Kukhazikika kwa ma insulin omwe amakhala nthawi yayitali, omwe amaphatikiza Levemir, sikuchitika mothandizidwa ndi chiwopsezo cha mitundu yambiri ya hypoglycemia. Ndi kukhazikitsidwa kwa intramuscularly, kuyambika kwa zochita za Levemir kumawonekera koyambirira kuposa jekeseni wofikira.

Mankhwalawa sanapangidwe kuti azigwiritsa ntchito mapampu a insulin.

Zotsatira zoyipa pogwiritsa ntchito Levemir Flexpen

Zotsatira zoyipa za odwala omwe amagwiritsa ntchito Levemir Flexpen zimadalira mlingo wa mankhwalawa ndipo zimayamba chifukwa cha mankhwala a insulin. Hypoglycemia pakati pawo imachitika nthawi zambiri. Nthawi zambiri zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi kusankha kosayenera kwa mankhwalawa kapena kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi.

Kotero limagwirira a hypoglycemic zochita za insulin ku Levemir ndi otsika kuposa mankhwala omwewo. Ngati, komabe, kuchuluka kwambiri kwa glucose m'magazi kumachitika, ndiye izi zimatsatiridwa ndi chizungulire, kuchuluka kwa njala, kufooka kwachilendo. Kuwonjezeka kwa zizindikiro kumatha kudziwonetsa mukusokonezeka kwa chikumbumtima komanso kukula kwa chikumbumtima cha hypoglycemic.

Zomwe zimachitika m'deralo zimapezeka m'malo a jakisoni ndipo ndizakanthawi. Nthawi zambiri, redness ndi kutupa, kuyabwa kwa khungu. Ngati malamulo opereka mankhwalawa ndi jakisoni pafupipafupi samayikidwa pamalo omwewo, lipodystrophy imatha kukhazikika.

Zambiri pazomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi Levemir zimachitika kawirikawiri ndipo zimawonetsa kukomoka kwa munthu aliyense. Izi zikuphatikiza:

1. Kutupa m'masiku oyamba a mankhwalawa.
2. Urticaria, totupa pakhungu.
3. Matenda Am'mimba.
4. Kupuma kovuta.
5. Kuyabwa kwadzaonekera kwa khungu.
6. Angioneurotic edema.

Ngati mulingo wochepa kuposa kufunika kwa insulin, ndiye kuti kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kungayambitse kukula kwa matenda ashuga a ketoacidosis.

Zizindikiro zimawonjezeka pang'onopang'ono kwa maola angapo kapena masiku: ludzu, nseru, kuchuluka kwamkodzo, kugona, kufooka kwa khungu, komanso kununkhira kwa acetone kuchokera mkamwa.

Kuphatikiza kwa levemir ndi mankhwala ena

Mankhwala omwe amathandizira kutsitsa kwa Levemir pa shuga la magazi amaphatikizapo mapiritsi a antidiabetes, Tetracycline, Ketoconazole, Pyridoxine, Clofibrate, Cyclophosphamide.

Mphamvu ya hypoglycemic imakonzedwa ndi kuphatikizika kwa mankhwala othandizira ena a antihypertensive, mankhwala a anabolic, ndi mankhwala omwe amakhala ndi ethyl mowa. Komanso mowa ku matenda ashuga ungapangitse kuwonjezeka kwa magazi kwa nthawi yayitali.

Corticosteroids, kulera kwapakamwa, mankhwala okhala ndi heparin, antidepressants, diuretics, makamaka thiazide diuretics, morphine, nikotini, Clonidine, kukula kwa hormone, calcium blockers ikhoza kufooketsa mphamvu ya Levemir.

Ngati reserpine kapena salicylates, komanso octreotide, amagwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi Levemir, ndiye kuti ali ndi mphamvu zambiri, ndipo amatha kufooketsa kapena kuwonjezera mphamvu ya mankhwala a Levemir.

Kanemayo munkhaniyi akuwonetsa mwachidule za insulin Levemir Flexpen.

Mawonekedwe

Levemir ali ndi mawonekedwe onse a insulin yayitali, amakhala ndi vuto limodzi popanda kuchuluka kwa maola 24, usiku hypoglycemia imachepetsedwa, kulemera sikuwonedwa mu mtundu wachiwiri wa odwala matenda ashuga. Mankhwalawa ali ndi vuto la hypoglycemic, zomwe zimatengera machitidwe a thupi. Izi zimathandizira kusankha kusankha.

Kutulutsa Fomu

Flexspen ndi Penfil ndi mitundu iwiri ya Levemir. Penfil amapangidwa m'mabokosi, omwe amatha kulowetsedwa ndi ma cholembera kapena kulandira mankhwala kuchokera kwa iwo ndi syringe yokhazikika.

Flekspen ndi cholembera chotupa chomwe chitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito mpaka mankhwala atamalizidwa; Mlingo umasinthidwa mukuwonjezera gawo limodzi. Singano za Novofine zimagulidwa payokha kwa zolembera. Danga lamalonda ndi 0.25 ndi 0,3 mm. Mtengo wa kuyika masingano 100 ndi 700 p.

Cholembera ndichoyenera kwa odwala omwe ali ndi moyo wakhama komanso wotanganidwa. Ngati kufunika kwa mankhwala ndikosafunikira, sizotheka nthawi zonse kuyimba mlingo wofunikira. Kwa odwala otere, madokotala amamulembera Levemir Penfill osakanikirana ndi kachipangizo kolondola kwambiri ka dosing yoyenera.

Malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito

Mlingo umazindikira kutalika kwa mankhwalawa. Kumayambiriro kwa maphunzirowa, jakisoni amapangidwa kamodzi patsiku asanadye kapena asanapume. Kwa odwala omwe sanalowetse insulin kale, mlingo ndi magawo 10 kapena magawo 0,1-0.2 pa kg.

Kwa odwala omwe amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ochepetsa shuga, madokotala amadziwitsa kuchuluka kwa magawo a 0-0-0.4 pa 1 makilogalamu. Chochitikacho chimayambitsidwa pakatha maola 3-4, chimatha mpaka maola 14. Mlingo woyambira umalowetsedwa nthawi 1-2 tsiku lonse. Mutha kulowetsa buku lonse nthawi yomweyo kapena kugawa magawo awiri. Potere, jakisoni amachitidwa m'mawa komanso madzulo ndi gawo la maola 12.

Mukasintha kuchokera ku mtundu wina wa insulin kupita ku Levemir, mulingo wake sukusinthidwa.

Kuchuluka kwa mankhwalawa kumatsimikiziridwa ndi endocrinologist, poganizira izi:

Kuzindikira kwa shuga - ingomwani tsiku lililonse.

• digiri ya ntchito odwala
• mphamvu yamagetsi
• shuga m'magazi
• zovuta za kukhala ndi matenda ashuga,
• dongosolo la ntchito
• zodziwika bwino zam'tsogolo.

Chithandizocho chimakonzedwa ngati pakufunika kuthandizira opareshoni.

Zotsatira zoyipa

10% ya odwala amadandaula za zotsatira zoyipa pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa. Hafu ya zitsanzo imadziwika ndi hypoglycemia. Zotsatira zina pambuyo pa jekeseni zimawonetsedwa ngati edema, kusintha kwa khungu, kupweteka, ndi mitundu ina ya kutupa. Nthawi zina kuvulala kumawoneka, zotsatira zoyipa zimachotsedwa patatha milungu ingapo.

Nthawi zambiri mkhalidwe wa odwala umakulirakulira ndikuchulukirachulukira kwa matenda ashuga, kupweteka kwambiri kumawonekera kapena zizindikiro zina zimakulirakulira. Vutoli limachitika chifukwa chosayendetsa bwino glucose ndi glycemia. Chitetezo chaumunthu chimamangidwanso, chimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo, Zizindikiro zimachoka popanda chithandizo.

Zotsatira zoyipa:

• mavuto ndi matenda amkati,
• kumva kupweteka kumawonjezereka
• mikono ndi miyendo zikugwidwa
• pali mavuto ndi masomphenya, chidwi cha maso kuti kuwala kuwonjezeke,
• kumva kulira ndi kutentha kwa zala
• mavuto ndi kagayidwe kazakudya,
• kutupa
• matenda omwe amapezeka m'mafuta omwe amayipitsa thupi.

Zizindikiro zimakonzedwa ndi mankhwala, ngati simungathe kuzichotsa, endocrinologist imasankha mtundu wina wa mahomoni opanga. Mankhwala amathandizidwa pang'onopang'ono, jakisoni wamitsempha imayambitsa mawonekedwe ovuta a hypoglycemia.

Kuchuluka kwa mankhwala omwe angayambitse bongo, madokotala sangadziwe zenizeni. Kuchulukitsa kwa mankhwalawa kumayambitsa matenda a hypoglycemia, kuukira kumayambira nthawi yogona kapena kukhala m'mavuto. Mtundu wofatsa wamatenda umayimitsidwa ndi wodwala matenda ashuga payekha, chifukwa izi mutha kudya china chake chokoma. Ndi mawonekedwe ovuta, munthu amataya chikumbumtima, amapaka jekeseni 1 mg wa glucagon kudzera m'mitsempha. Majakisoni oterowo amadaliridwa ndi akatswiri okha, ngati wodwalayo sakuyambiranso, glucose amamulowetsa.

Ndikofunikira kuperekera insulin mogwirizana ndi dongosolo;

Malangizo apadera

Osagwiritsa ntchito Insulin Levemir kwa ana ochepera zaka 6. Kwambiri mankhwala ndi mankhwala otero salimbikitsa kunenepa kwambiri. Kuchepetsa kwa hypoglycemia usiku kumachepetsedwa, kotero madokotala amatha kusankha bwino mulingo woyenera wambiri kuthana ndi shuga m'thupi.

Levemir insulin imakupatsani mwayi wolamulira glycemia potengera kutembenuka kwa shuga kukhala m'mimba yopanda kanthu. Izi zimasiyanitsa mankhwalawa ndi Isofan insulin.

Hyperglycemia kapena ketoacidosis amakula ndi insulin yokwanira mu 1 matenda ashuga. Zizindikiro zoyambirira za hyperglycemia zimachitika pang'onopang'ono kwa maola angapo kapena masiku.

• ludzu
• kukakamiza pafupipafupi kutulutsa chikhodzodzo,
• akukumbutsa
• nseru
• ndikufuna kugona nthawi zonse,
• Khungu limawuma, limasandulika kufiyira
• kamwa yowuma
• kusadya bwino
• limanunkhiza ngati acetone.

Mtundu woyamba wa shuga, wopanda chithandizo choyenera, hyperglycemia imayambitsa fatosis acid ketosis. Hypoglycemia imachitika pamene kuchuluka kwa insulin kwambiri, thupi limafunikira zochepa. Ngati mungadumphe chakudya kapena mokulitsa thupi lanu, thupi limayamba kuonekeratu.

Contcomitant pathologies of matenda, malungo ndi zovuta zina zimawonjezera kufunikira kwa wodwala insulin. Kusamutsa munthu wodwala matenda ashuga kupita ku mtundu wina wamankhwala kuchokera kwa opanga ena kumafuna kuyang'aniridwa ndi katswiri. Kusintha kulikonse kuyenera kuyang'aniridwa ndi endocrinologist.

Pofuna kuti musayambitse zovuta za hypoglycemia, kupaka mankhwala osokoneza bongo koletsedwa. Kuphatikizidwa ndi ma analogue othamanga kwambiri kumachepetsa phindu lalikulu, poyerekeza ndi kugwiritsa ntchito kamodzi.

Insulin imakhudza magwiridwe antchito amanjenje, chifukwa chake madokotala amalimbikitsa kuti musakane kuyendetsa magalimoto kapena zida zamakono zomwe zimafuna chidwi chochulukirapo komanso kuthamanga. Endocrinologists amadziwa dongosolo la tsiku lililonse la anthu odwala matenda ashuga, amathandizira kusintha moyo wawo kuti apeze zotsatira zoyenera kuchokera ku chithandizo chamankhwala ndikuchepetsa zovuta zowopsa.

Hypoglycemia ndi hyperglycemia zimapangitsa kukhala kovuta kukhazikika ndikuyankha kusintha komwe kumagwira ntchito, nthawi zina kumakhala kowopsa kwambiri kwa moyo wa wodwalayo komanso ena. Odwala amalangizidwa kuti achitepo kanthu popewa izi poyendetsa magalimoto kapena magwiridwe antchito. Mwa anthu ena, matendawa samatsatiridwa ndi zizindikiro zam'mbuyomu, amakula msanga komanso mosayembekezereka.

Mlingo ndi makonzedwe

Kwa Levemir Flexpen, njira yotsogoza imagwiritsidwa ntchito. Mlingo ndi kuchuluka kwa jakisoni zimatsimikiziridwa payekhapayekha kwa munthu aliyense payekha.

Potumiza mankhwala limodzi ndi othandizira kuchepetsa shuga pamlomo, pakulimbikitsidwa kuti mugwiritse ntchito kamodzi patsiku pa mlingo wa 0.1-0.2 U / kg kapena 10 U.

Ngati mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati gawo la regimen ya maziko-a bolus, ndiye kuti amawayikidwa kutengera zosowa za wodwala 1 kapena 2 pa tsiku. Ngati munthu akufunika kugwiritsa ntchito insulin kawiri kuti akhale ndi shuga wokwanira, ndiye kuti mlingo wamadzulo umatha kutumikiridwa panthawi ya chakudya chamadzulo kapena pogona kapena pambuyo pa maola 12 pambuyo pa kutulutsa kwam'mawa.

Zingwe za Levemir Penfill zimabayidwa pang'onopang'ono paphewa, khomo lamkati lam'mimba kapena ntchafu, zambiri zimatha kupezeka patsamba lathu. Ngakhale jakisoni utachitidwa mbali yomweyo ya thupi, tsamba la jakisidwe liyenera kusinthidwa.

Zizindikiro zogwiritsidwa ntchito

Mankhwala akulimbikitsidwa kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito ndi odwala matenda ashuga omwe ali ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya matendawa. Mwazi wa magazi ukamadutsa mwa akulu ndi ana a zaka ziwiri kapena kupitirira, madokotala amamulembera Insulin Levemir Flekspen. Kuti muwongolere glycemia molondola, peleheni jakisoni kamodzi.

Flexspen ndi Penfil ndi mitundu iwiri ya Levemir. Penfil amapangidwa m'mabokosi, omwe amatha kulowetsedwa ndi ma cholembera kapena kulandira mankhwala kuchokera kwa iwo ndi syringe yokhazikika.

Contraindication

Insulin ndi oletsedwa kugwiritsa ntchito limodzi ndi tsankho la mankhwala. Levemir sanalembedwe kwa ana ochepera zaka 6.

Pochiza matenda a shuga kunyumba, akatswiri akulangizani DiaLife . Ichi ndi chida chapadera:

• Amasinthasintha shuga
• Amayang'anira ntchito ya pancreatic
• Chotsani puffness, limayendetsa madzi kagayidwe
• Amawongolera masomphenya
• Zoyenera akulu ndi ana.
• Alibe zotsutsana

Timapereka kuchotsera kwa owerenga tsamba lathu!

Gulani pa tsamba lovomerezeka

Osagwiritsa ntchito Insulin Levemir kwa ana ochepera zaka 6. Kwambiri mankhwala ndi mankhwala otero salimbikitsa kunenepa kwambiri. Kuchepetsa kwa hypoglycemia usiku kumachepetsedwa, kotero madokotala amatha kusankha bwino mulingo woyenera wambiri kuthana ndi shuga m'thupi.

Levemir insulin imakupatsani mwayi wolamulira glycemia potengera kutembenuka kwa shuga kukhala m'mimba yopanda kanthu. Izi zimasiyanitsa mankhwalawa ndi Isofan insulin.

Hyperglycemia kapena ketoacidosis amakula ndi insulin yokwanira mu 1 matenda ashuga. Zizindikiro zoyambirira za hyperglycemia zimachitika pang'onopang'ono kwa maola angapo kapena masiku.

• ludzu
• akukumbutsa
• nseru
• ndikufuna kugona nthawi zonse,
• Khungu limawuma, limasandulika kufiyira
• kamwa yowuma
• kusadya bwino
• limanunkhiza ngati acetone.

Popanda chithandizo choyenera, hyperglycemia imayamba kufa. Hypoglycemia imachitika pamene kuchuluka kwa insulin kwambiri, thupi limafunikira zochepa. Ngati mungadumphe chakudya kapena mokulitsa thupi lanu, thupi limayamba kuonekeratu.

Contcomitant pathologies of matenda, malungo ndi zovuta zina zimawonjezera kufunikira kwa wodwala insulin. Kusamutsa munthu wodwala matenda ashuga kupita ku mtundu wina wamankhwala kuchokera kwa opanga ena kumafuna kuyang'aniridwa ndi katswiri. Kusintha kulikonse kuyenera kuyang'aniridwa ndi endocrinologist.

Pofuna kuti musayambitse zovuta za hypoglycemia, kupaka mankhwala osokoneza bongo koletsedwa. Kuphatikizidwa ndi ma analogue othamanga kwambiri kumachepetsa phindu lalikulu, poyerekeza ndi kugwiritsa ntchito kamodzi.

Insulin imakhudza magwiridwe antchito amanjenje, chifukwa chake madokotala amalimbikitsa kuti musakane kuyendetsa magalimoto kapena zida zamakono zomwe zimafuna chidwi chochulukirapo komanso kuthamanga. Endocrinologists amadziwa dongosolo la tsiku lililonse la anthu odwala matenda ashuga, amathandizira kusintha moyo wawo kuti apeze zotsatira zoyenera kuchokera ku chithandizo chamankhwala ndikuchepetsa zovuta zowopsa.

Hypoglycemia ndi hyperglycemia zimapangitsa kukhala kovuta kukhazikika ndikuyankha kusintha komwe kumagwira ntchito, nthawi zina kumakhala kowopsa kwambiri kwa moyo wa wodwalayo komanso ena. Odwala amalangizidwa kuti achitepo kanthu popewa izi poyendetsa magalimoto kapena magwiridwe antchito. Mwa anthu ena, matendawa samatsatiridwa ndi zizindikiro zam'mbuyomu, amakula msanga komanso mosayembekezereka.

Izi zimachitika potsatira zotsatirazi:

• kuchuluka kwa shuga pamimba yopanda kanthu,
• hypoglycemia imayamba m'maloto kapena nthawi yamadzulo,
• mavuto onenepa kwambiri mwa ana.

Kuchuluka kwakukulu kumatchulidwa kwambiri m'mitundu yonse ya insulin, kupatula Levemir. Kuchepa kwa hypoglycemia kumawonjezeka, pamakhala madontho a shuga masana.

• zotsatira zamtsogolo
• kuchepa kwa mwayi wokhala ndi hypoglycemia,
• odwala matenda ashuga a gulu lachiwiri amalemera pang'ono, mwezi umodzi amalemera ndi makilogalamu 1.2, akamagwiritsa ntchito NPH-insulin, kulemera kumawonjezeka ndi 2.8 kg,
• Amathandizira kukhazikika kwa chakudya, kumachepetsa chilimbikitso kwa odwala onenepa, odwala matenda ashuga amadya 160 kcal / tsiku zochepa,
• Kutulutsidwa kwa GLP-1 kumalimbikitsidwa, chifukwa cha matenda a shuga a 2 omwe amachititsa kuti insulin ipangidwe,
• n`zotheka kupeza phindu pamulingo wamadzi ndi mchere m'thupi, mwayi wokhala ndi matenda oopsa umachepetsedwa.

Levemir ndiokwera mtengo kwambiri kuposa mankhwala ena ofanana.

Levemir yapangidwa posachedwa, chifukwa chake palibe malo otsika mtengo a izo. kukhala ndi katundu wofanana ndi nthawi yayitali. Kusintha kwa mankhwalawa kumafunanso kuti muwerengedwe Mlingo, pomwe chiphuphu cha shuga chikuchulukitsidwa kwakanthawi, ndipo kusintha kwa mankhwalawa kumachitika kokha molingana ndi mawonekedwe azachipatala.

(Palibe mavoti pano)

Ngati mukufunsabe mafunso kapena mukufuna kugawana malingaliro anu, zokumana nazo - lembani ndemanga pansipa.

Kuchulukitsa shuga ku shuga nthawi zonse kumakhala chifukwa cha kusowa kwa insulin. Ichi ndichifukwa chake kwa zaka zopitilira 10 pakugawidwa kwamatendawa mawu akuti "odalira insulin" komanso "omwe samadalira insulini" sakhala akusowa. Ngakhale zikutulutsa magulu onse atsopano azachipatala pochiza matenda ashuga, mankhwala a insulin akupitilizabe kuthandizira matenda a shuga a 2, ndipo akadali maziko a chithandizo cha matenda ashuga a mtundu woyamba.

BASAL SECRETION INSULIN
Njira zonse za "classical" zokhudzana ndi insulini zimachitika chifukwa chakuchepa kwa kuperewera kwa mphamvuyi ya mahomoniyi ndimankhwala osakhalitsa, omwenso amachepetsa glucose komanso kumwa insulin yofulumira.
Udindo wamagawo apansi a insulin ndiwovuta kupeza. Imakhala ndi mulingo wokwanira wa glycemia pakati pazakudya ndi kugona. Pafupifupi, katemera wa insulini panthawiyi ndi pafupifupi gawo limodzi pa ola limodzi, komanso kusala kudya nthawi yayitali kapena kuchita zolimbitsa thupi, 0,5 unit pa ola limodzi. Pafupifupi theka limodzi la kufunika kwa insulini kumagwera gawo lawo patsiku.
Secaltion ya basal insulin imasinthasintha tsiku ndi tsiku, kufunikira kwakukulu kwa insulin kumawonedwa m'mawa kwambiri, ochepa kwambiri masana komanso kumayambiriro kwa usiku. Onse omwe ali ndi matenda amtundu wa 1 komanso a 2, kuti achulukitse zotsatira za "basal" insulin, kukonzekera kwa insulin komwe kumatenga nthawi yayitali kumagwiritsidwa ntchito. Mpaka kuyamba kwa zaka khumi izi, awa anali omwe amatchedwa ma insulin. Omwe anali oyimiliraakalasi iyi anali otchedwa Hagedorn's neutral protamine insulin (NPH).
Mapuloteni a protamine okhala ndi zamchere amawonjezeredwa pakukonzekera kwa insulin, komwe kumachepetsa kuyamwa kwa insulin kuchokera ku minofu yapansipansi. Puloteni uyu akaphatikizidwa ndi insulin m'magulu a isofan (equilibrium), nthawi ya insulin imakulitsidwa mpaka maola 14-16.Ma insulin a NPH apeza kutchuka kwakukulu pakati pa endocrinologists ndi odwala matenda a shuga, monga momwe adaloleza kukhathamiritsa chithandizo cha matendawa, kukonza glycemia usiku ndi m'mawa popanda jekeseni wowonjezera maola onse a 3-4.
Komabe, kukonzekera kwa NPH kunali ndi madera angapo ovuta:
-kusiyanasiyana kwa bio, komwe kunalepheretsa kusankha kwamphamvu kwa tsiku ndi tsiku mlingo, ndikusintha secretion ya "basal" ya insulin,
- ntchito za insulin mosiyanasiyana panthawi ya mankhwala, zomwe zimafuna chakudya chowonjezera usiku, masana
- popeza kukonzekera kwa insulin kunali ndi mapuloteni ambiri, zimayenera kupanga mankhwalawo moyenera komanso moyenera, zomwe nthawi zambiri sizinkachitidwa ndi odwala komanso zimawonjezera kusinthika kwa insulin.
Mfundo zazikuluzonsezi zidapangitsa kuti azitha kungotengera insalin secretion mwa odwala matenda a shuga. Pacholinga chake panali njira yokwaniritsira njira zomwe zilipo pakuchiritsa.
ANALOGUE BREAKTHROUGH
Izi zidatheka ndikupezeka kwa kapangidwe ka DNA ndikukhazikitsa njira zamakono zopangidwira kuyambira 1977. Asayansi ali ndi mwayi wodziwa mitundu ya amino acid m'mapuloteni, kuwasintha ndikuwunika zotsatira zachilengedwe zomwe zimadza chifukwa cha zinthuzo.
Mu pharmacology, njira yatsopano idatulukira - kapangidwe ka mamolekyulu atsopano okhala ndi zinthu zabwino zomwe zidaphunziridwa kale, mankhwala. Chifukwa chake, pofika zaka zapakati pa 90 za zaka zapitazi, ma insulin analog adaphatikizidwa mu mankhwala ochizira matenda ashuga.
Maonekedwe a insulin analogues yasintha kwambiri moyo wa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga, adachepetsa zopinga zazikulu pakusankhidwa kwa insulin, monga:
- mu "pre-analog" nthawi yothandizira odwala matenda ashuga, kuwonjezereka kwa kuchuluka kwa osintha mwachangu kunasinthitsa ziwonetserozo za mankhwala ndikufunika kuwongolera kuchuluka kwa insulin / carbohydrate, mukamagwiritsa ntchito analogi yachangu, gawo ili limakhazikika,
- mayamwidwe yochepa insulin kuchokera jakisoni malo ali kwambiri kumbuyo kwa mwachangu analogi, amene amafuna mankhwala 30-30 mphindi asanadye, kuyambitsa analogues adalola jakisoni mphindi 5 mpaka 10,
- chiopsezo chachikulu cha hypoglycemia, makamaka usiku, pamene akumwabe insulini ya NPH, adachepetsedwa kwambiri ndi kukhazikitsidwa kwa "basal" analogues.
Chifukwa chake, Kubwera kwa insulin komwe kumachitika mothandizidwa ndi madokotala kunalola madokotala ndi odwala kupereka mankhwala a insulin munthawi yake, kupereka mankhwala mosiyanasiyana, komanso kusakhala ndi vuto la hypoglycemia komanso zovuta zina. Mwa ma insulin omwe adabwera mu milenia yatsopano, insulin detemir (Levemir) imakhala malo apadera.
ZOMWE LEVEMIR AMAKHALA
The genetic engineering analogue of insulin Levemir ® ndi mankhwala ofotokoza njira yatsopano - insulin analogues pochiza matenda ashuga. Mankhwalawa amatengeka pang'onopang'ono kuchokera pa jakisoni wa jakisoni ndipo amakhala ndi nthawi yayitali chifukwa chodziyanjana nawo kumalo osungirako mafuta osakanikirana ndikumangiriza kwa albumin ya anthu. Kuzungulira m'magazi, mankhwalawa nthawi zambiri amasemphana ndi albumin, amakhala ndi insulin.
Pa mlingo wa Levinemir insulin 0,4 U / kg thupi kapena zambiri, kamodzi kwa mankhwala patsiku ndizovomerezeka, nthawi ya mankhwalawa ndi maola 18-20. Ngati mlingo wa tsiku ndi tsiku ukhale wokulirapo, njira yovomerezeka kawiri ikulimbikitsidwa, nthawi ya mankhwalawa ndi maola 24.
Kwa zaka 3 zapitazi, Insulin Levemir ® yagwiritsiridwa ntchito kwambiri ku Russian Federation. Mwa zabwino zake, ziyenera kudziwikiratu kuchuluka kwa kuyembekezereka kwa zochita za odwala kuposa "insulin" yapamwamba ya NPH. Izi ndichifukwa cha izi:
- mawonekedwe osungunuka a mawonekedwe onse - kuchokera pamtundu wa mlingo mpaka kumanga kwa insulin receptor,
- kugunda kwa serum albin kumangiriza.
Izi zimapangitsa kuti mankhwala azitsogolera pomaliza kuti azitha kuwongolera shuga m'magazi poyerekeza ndi insulini ya NPH - yokhala ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo kuti mukwaniritse zolinga zofananira za glycemic. Ndi chithandizo cha levemir® insulini, ndi kuwongolera bwino kapena kofanana ndi kutsitsa kwa shuga, machitidwe ochepa a hypoglycemic amawonedwa (makamaka usiku). Kutengera ndi zomwe ndazindikira, zomwe anzanga akuchita, nditha kunena kuti chithandizo cha inshuwaransi cha Levemir ® chimayenda limodzi ndi odwala omwe ali ndi matenda amtundu wa 2 ndipo amakhala ndi mtundu wachiwiri wa shuga wocheperako (ndipo m'maphunziro ena ngakhale kuwonda kwachitika kale). Ndipo kwa odwala omwe ali ndi kunenepa kwambiri, kuchepa kwa thupi kumadziwika.
Mu kafukufuku wamasabata 18 omwe adachitika ku ESC kuti adziwe momwe Levemir ® insulin imathandizira odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga 1 osakanikirana ndi insulin aspart (NovoRapid), kuchepa kwa hemoglobin ya glycated kunapezeka kawiri konse kuposa gulu la insulin NPH ndi insulin yaumisiri wamunthu. Komanso, kuchuluka kwa hypoglycemia kunali 21% kochepa mu gulu la insulini Levemir®. Monga mmaphunziro ambiri ofanana kumayiko ena, kunalibe zolemera m'gulu loyamba.
Ndi matenda a shuga a mtundu 2, Levemir ® adawonetseranso mphamvu yake yayikulu pachipatala, ndikutsegulira mwayi wolimbikitsa odwala kuyamba ndikukulitsa mankhwala a insulin. Malinga ndi kafukufuku wambiri, kukhazikitsidwa kwa Levemir® insulin 1 nthawi patsiku ndikokwanira kwa odwala ambiri omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga a 2.
Poyamba, deta idapezeka kuti kugwiritsa ntchito kamodzi kwa mankhwalawa kwa chaka chimodzi kwa odwala omwe kale sanagwiritsidwe ntchito ndi insulin ndi othandiza ngati kugwiritsa ntchito insulin glargine (Lantus).
Komabe, zidapezeka kuti mukamagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a Levemir ® omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a 2, kuchuluka kochepa kwambiri komwe kumanenedwa. Komanso, pakukwaniritsa magawo omwewa a m'magazi amodzi a m'magazi, Levemir® insulin Therapy idadziwika kuti imakhala ndi pafupipafupi hypoglycemia mwa odwala poyerekeza ndi Lantus - 5.8 ndi 6.2, motero.
Zomwezi zimapezeka mu kafukufuku wina wamkulu - PREDICTIVE ™ 303 ndikutenga nawo gawo kwa odwala oposa 5,000. Malinga ndi zomwe adalemba, odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a 2, omwe adasamutsidwa kuchoka ku NPH-insulin kapena insulin glargine kupita ku Levemir ®, kuchepa kwakukulu kwa thupi (zoposa 0.6 kg m'miyezi itatu) kunadziwika kwambiri masabata 26 motsutsana ndi maziko a glycemia yemwe adasintha ndikuchepa zochitika za hypoglycemia.
Kutengera ndi zomwe zapezeka, ziyenera kudziwika kuti:
- Kwa odwala ambiri omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a 2, kugwiritsa ntchito Levemir® insulin nthawi imodzi patsiku ndizabwino,
- pa inshuwaransi ya Levemir ®, kuchepa kwa glycemia sikumayendetsedwa ndi kuchuluka kwa thupi poyerekeza ndi insulin NPH kapena glargine,
- chiopsezo chochepa cha ziwopsezo za hypoglycemia kumbuyo kwa insulin Levemir® poyerekeza ndi insulin NPH ndi matenda a glycemia mwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a 2.
KUFUNIKIRA KWA MOYO ...
Dokotala amadziwitsa mtundu wa Levemir® insulin payekha pachilichonse. Mankhwalawa amayenera kuperekedwa kamodzi kapena kawiri pa tsiku, monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, potengera zosowa za wodwalayo. Kuphatikiza apo, kafukufuku wazachipatala adapangitsa kuti alembe Levemir osati akuluakulu okha, komanso ana, kuyambira zaka 6.
Odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga omwe amafunikira kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa kawiri pa tsiku kuti azitha kuyendetsa magazi m'magazi amatha kulowa mgonero ngakhale nthawi yamadzulo, kapena asanagone, kapena maola 12 atatha kumwa kwa m'mawa.
Levemir ® imayendetsedwa mwachangu mu ntchafu, khoma lakunja lam'mimba kapena phewa. Odwala sayenera kuiwala kuti ndikofunikira kusintha malo a jakisoni mkati mwa anatomical dera.
Choyenera kwambiri ndikugwiritsa ntchito cholembera cha Levemir® Flekspen ® chodzazidwa ndi insulin. Kuchita bwino, kulondola kwa zolembera za syringe izi kumapereka mosavuta mankhwala. Amathandizira kupewa zolakwika pakuwongolera insulin, makamaka yotsimikizira glycemia wabwino kwambiri kwa odwala matenda a shuga.
Mu 1 ml ya mankhwalawa muli 100 IU ya Levemir® insulin, cholembera chimadzaza ndi 3 ml ya mankhwalawo, phukusi limakhala ndi zida za 5 Flex-pen.Palibe kukaikira kuti tekinoloje yatsopano yopangira mankhwala osokoneza bongo - munthu, wokonzekera kugwiritsa ntchito cholembera Levemir F Flexspen ® amathandizira moyo wa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga pomwe akusungabe zotsatira zachilengedwe mu mankhwala.
Zowonjezera pakugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa Levemir ® ku Russian Federation m'zaka zaposachedwa zimatilola kuti tiziwonetsa kuti mankhwalawa ali pamiyezo ya insal insulin, ndipo chitetezo chokwanira cha mankhwalawa pakalibe kuwonjezeka kwa kulemera kwa thupi kumachilola kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'magulu ovuta a odwala, makamaka okalamba ndi okalamba.

Ph.D., pulofesa woyang'anira dipatimenti
endocrinology MMA
iwo. I.M.Sechenova Alexey Zilov

Nkhani yoyambayo ikhoza kupezeka patsamba lovomerezeka la nyuzipepala ya DiaNews.

Kukonzekera: LEVEMIR ® Flexpen ®
Chithandizo chogwira ntchito: Chithandizo cha insulin
Code ya ATX: A10AE05
KFG: Mndandanda wa insulin wa anthu womwe wakhala ukugwira ntchito
Reg. nambala: LS-000596
Tsiku lolembetsa: 07.29.05
Mwini reg. acc: NOVO NORDISK A / S

FOMU YA DOSAGE, KULIMA NDI KUSANGALATSA

Zotsatira zoyipa zimakhudzana ndi kagayidwe kazachilengedwe: nthawi zambiri (> 1%, 0,1%, 0,1%, 0,1%, 0,01%, 0,1%, MITU YA NKHANI

Kuchulukitsa chidwi cha munthu payekha pakumayambitsa insulin kapena chilichonse mwa zinthu zomwe zimapangidwira.

KULAMBIRA NDI KUDZIPEREKA

Palibenso deta pakanthawi kovomerezeka ndi insulin.

Munthawi ya kuyambika komanso nthawi yonse yomwe muli ndi pakati, kuwunika mosamala mkhalidwe wa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda osokoneza bongo ndikuwunika kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi a m'magazi ndikofunikira. Kufunika kwa insulini, monga lamulo, kumachepa mu trimester yoyamba ndipo pang'onopang'ono kumawonjezeka muyezo wachiwiri komanso wachitatu wamapazi oyembekezera. Pambuyo pobadwa, kufunikira kwa insulin kumabwereranso msanga momwe kunaliri asanakhale ndi pakati.

Panthawi yoyamwitsa, zingakhale zofunikira kusintha mlingo wa mankhwala ndi zakudya.

Mu kafukufuku woyesera palibe kusiyana komwe kunapezeka pakati pa nyama pakati pa embryotoxic ndi teratogenic zotsatira za detemir ndi insulin ya anthu.

Mosiyana ndi ma insulini ena, kugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri mankhwala ndi Levemir Flexpen sikumapangitsa kuti thupi lizikula.

Chiwopsezo chocheperako cha nocturnal hypoglycemia poyerekeza ndi ma insulin ena amalola kuchuluka kwa kusankha kwa mankhwalawa kuti akwaniritse kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi.

Levemir Flexpen imapereka chiwongolero chabwino kwambiri cha glycemic (kutengera miyeso ya glucose yofulumira) poyerekeza ndi isofan-insulin.Mlingo wosakwanira wa mankhwalawa kapena kusiya kulandira chithandizo, makamaka mtundu wa matenda a shuga 1, angayambitse kukula kwa hyperglycemia kapena matenda ashuga a ketoacidosis. Monga lamulo, zizindikiro zoyambirira za hyperglycemia zimawonekera pang'onopang'ono, kwa maola angapo kapena masiku. Zizindikiro zake zimaphatikizaponso ludzu, kukodza mwachangu, kusanza, kusanza, kugona komanso kuyanika pakhungu, pakamwa pouma, kusowa chilimbikitso, kununkhira kwa acetone mumlengalenga wotuluka. Mtundu woyamba wa matenda a shuga 1 mellitus, popanda chithandizo choyenera, hyperglycemia imatsogolera pakupanga matenda ashuga a ketoacidosis ndipo amatha kupha.

Hypoglycemia imatha kukhala ngati mlingo wa insulin ndiwokwera kwambiri poyerekeza ndi kufunika kwa insulin.

Kudumpha zakudya kapena kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi mosakonzekera kungayambitse matenda a hypoglycemia.

Pambuyo kulipirira kagayidwe kazakudya, mwachitsanzo, ndi mankhwala olimbitsa kwambiri a insulin, odwala amatha kukumana ndi zisonyezo zam'mbuyomu za hypoglycemia, zomwe odwala ayenera kudziwitsidwa. Zizindikiro zachilendo zimatha kutha ndi matenda a shuga.

Matenda okhala ndi vuto limodzi, makamaka opatsirana komanso kutentha thupi, nthawi zambiri amalimbikitsa kufunika kwa insulin.

Kusamutsa wodwala kupita ku mtundu wina kapena kukonzekera kwa insulin kwa wopanga wina kuyenera kuchitika moyang'aniridwa ndi achipatala. Mukasintha ndende, wopanga, mtundu, mitundu (nyama, munthu, fanizo la insulin ya anthu) ndi / kapena njira yopangira (genetically engineered or insulin of organis) Chinyama chitha kusintha. Odwala omwe amasinthana ndi mankhwalawa ndi Levemir Flexpen angafunike kusintha mlingo poyerekeza ndi Mlingo wa insulin yokonzekera kale. Kufunika kosinthira kwa mlingo kumatha kuchitika mutakhazikitsa mlingo woyamba kapena mkati mwa milungu ingapo kapena miyezi ingapo.

Levemir Flexpen sayenera kuthandizidwa iv, chifukwa izi zimatha kuyambitsa kwambiri hypoglycemia.

Ngati Levemir Flexpen adasakanikirana ndi kukonzekera kwina kwa insulin, mbiri ya chimodzi kapena zonse ziwiri zidzasintha. Kuphatikiza Levemir Flexpen ndi analogue othamanga a insulin, monga insulin aspart, kumabweretsa chithunzichi pochepetsedwa komanso kuchepetsedwa kwakukulu poyerekeza ndi kayendetsedwe kake kosiyana.

Levemir Flexpen sanapangidwe kuti azigwiritsa ntchito mapampu a insulin.

Kukopa pa kuyendetsa magalimoto ndi kayendedwe kazinthu

Kuthekera kwa odwala kulolera komanso kuchuluka kwa momwe angachitire amatha kusokonezeka panthawi ya hypoglycemia ndi hyperglycemia, zomwe zimakhala zowopsa nthawi zomwe maluso amenewa amafunikira makamaka (mwachitsanzo, poyendetsa galimoto kapena kugwira ntchito ndi makina ndi makina). Odwala ayenera kulangizidwa kuti achitepo kanthu popewa kukulitsa kwa hypoglycemia ndi hyperglycemia poyendetsa galimoto ndikugwiritsa ntchito njira. Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri kwa odwala omwe alibe kapena kuchepetsedwa Zizindikiro zakutsogolo kwa hypoglycemia kapena akuvutika ndi zochitika zapafupipafupi za hypoglycemia. Muzochitika izi, kuthekera kwa ntchito yotereyi kuyenera kuganiziridwa.

Mlingo wofunikira wa mankhwala osokoneza bongo ambiri sanakhazikitsidwe, koma hypoglycemia imatha kukula pang'onopang'ono ngati wodwala wapeza mlingo waukulu kwambiri.

Chithandizo: wodwalayo atha kuthetsa shuga wofatsa mwakukula shuga, shuga kapena zakudya zamafuta ambiri. Chifukwa chake, ndikulimbikitsidwa kwa odwala matenda ashuga kuti azinyamula shuga, maswiti, makeke kapena mandimu okoma zipatso.

Ngati hypoglycemia yayikulu, wodwalayo akakhala kuti alibe chikumbumtima, 0.5 mpaka 1 mg ya glucagon i / m kapena s / c (akhoza kuyendetsedwa ndi munthu wophunzitsidwa bwino) kapena iv dextrose (glucose) yankho (katswiri wa zamankhwala yekha ndi amene) ayenera kulandira. M'pofunikanso kuyang'anira dextrose iv ngati wodwalayo asadzayambenso chikumbumtima cha mphindi 10-15 atatha kugwiritsa ntchito shuga. Pambuyo pozindikira, wodwalayo amalangizidwa kuti azidya zakudya zopatsa thanzi kuti alepheretse kubwereranso kwa hypoglycemia.

Zotsatira za ma in vitro ndi mu vivo protein zomangiriza zimawonetsa kusowa kwa mgwirizano wamphamvu pakati pa insulin komanso mafuta acids kapena mankhwala ena omanga mapuloteni.

Hypoglycemic zotsatira za insulin patsogolo mankhwala m'kamwa hypoglycemic, Mao zoletsa, zoletsa Ace, carbonic zoletsa anhydrase, kusankha beta-blockers, bromocriptine, sulfonamides, anabolic mankhwala, tetracyclines, clofibrate, ketoconazole, mebendazole, pyridoxine, theophylline, cyclophosphamide, fenfluramine, lifiyamu, mankhwala, yokhala ndi Mowa. Njira zakulera za pakamwa, GCS, mahomoni a chithokomiro, thiazide diuretics, heparin, tridclic antidepressants, sympathomimetics, danazole, Clonidine, pang'onopang'ono calcium njira blockers, diazoxide, morphine, phenytoin, nikotini kufooketsa mphamvu ya hypoglycemic.

Mothandizidwa ndi reserpine ndi salicylates, kufooka komanso kuwonjezeka kwa machitidwe a mankhwalawa ndizotheka.

Octreotide / lanreotide imatha kuwonjezeka ndikuchepetsa kufunikira kwa insulin.

Beta-blockers amatha kuphimba zizindikiro za hypoglycemia ndikuchedwa kuchira pambuyo pa hypoglycemia.

Ethanol imatha kukulitsa ndi kukulitsa mphamvu ya insulin.

Mankhwala ena, mwachitsanzo, okhala ndi thiol kapena sulfite, akawonjezeredwa ku mankhwala a Levemir Flexpen, amatha kubweretsa kuwonongeka kwa insulin. Levemir Flexpen sayenera kuwonjezeredwa ku mayankho a kulowetsedwa.

PHARMACY HOLIDAY MALANGIZO

Mankhwala amaperekedwa ndi mankhwala.

MITU YA NKHANI NDI ZOTHANDIZA ZA STORAGE

Mndandanda B. Ch cholembera chosagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mankhwala a Levemir Flexpen ziyenera kusungidwa mufiriji kutentha 2 2 mpaka 8 ° C (koma osayandikira kwambiri mufiriji). Osamawuma. Moyo wa alumali ndi zaka 2.

Kuti muteteze ku kuwala, cholembera cha syringe chizisungidwa ndi chipewa.

Kugwiritsidwa ntchito kapena kunyamulidwa ngati cholembera cha Levemir Flexpen kuyenera kusungidwa pa kutentha osaposa 30 ° C kwa milungu isanu ndi umodzi.

Munkhaniyi, mutha kuwerengera malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito mankhwalawa Levemire . Amapereka ndemanga kuchokera kwa alendo omwe amabwera patsamba lino - ogula mankhwalawa, komanso malingaliro a akatswiri azachipatala pakugwiritsa ntchito Levemir machitidwe awo. Chopempha chachikulu ndikuti muwonjezere ndemanga zanu za mankhwalawa: mankhwalawo adathandizira kapena sanathandizire kuchotsa matendawa, ndizovuta ziti zomwe zimawoneka ndi zotsatirapo zake, zomwe mwina sizinalengezedwe ndi wopanga. Analogs a Levemir pamaso pazochitika zopanga mawonekedwe. Gwiritsani ntchito mankhwalawa odwala matenda ashuga akuluakulu, ana, komanso pa nthawi yoyembekezera. The zikuchokera mankhwala.

Levemire - yaitali insulin, mafuta osungunuka a insulin ya anthu. Levemir Penfill ndi Levemir FlexPen amapangidwa ndi recoteinant biotechnology ya DNA pogwiritsa ntchito mtundu wa Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

Kuchita kwa nthawi yayitali kwa mankhwalawa Levemir Penfill ndi Levemir FlexPen ndi chifukwa chodziyimira pawokha cha maselo a insulir kumalo operekera jakisoni ndikumanga kwa mamolekyulu a mankhwala kupita ku albumin pogwiritsa ntchito phula lomwe limakhala ndi unyolo wamafuta acid. Poyerekeza ndi isofan-insulin, insulini ya detemir imaperekedwa kwa zotumphukira za minofu pang'onopang'ono.Njira zophatikizidwazo zomwe zimaperekedwako zimapereka mayendedwe odziwikanso komanso mawonekedwe a Levemir Penfill ndi Levemir FlexPen poyerekeza ndi isofan-insulin.

Imalumikizana ndi cholandirira chapadera pa cell ya cytoplasmic maselo ndikupanga insulini-receptor zovuta zomwe zimapangitsanso njira zina, kuphatikizapo kaphatikizidwe angapo ofunikira a michere (hexokinase, pyruvate kinase, glycogen synthetase).

Pambuyo subcutaneous makonzedwe, pharmacodynamic yankho limakhala lofanana ndi mlingo kutumikiridwa (pazipita mphamvu, nthawi ya zochita, ambiri zotsatira).

Mbiri yakuwongolera shuga usiku ndi yosalala komanso yowonjezera insulin poyerekeza ndi isofan insulin, yomwe imawonetsedwa pangozi yochepera usiku ya hypoglycemia.

Kudziletsa insulin + akubwera.

Cmax mu plasma imafikiridwa pambuyo maola 6-8 mutatha kuyendetsa. Ndi kawiri tsiku lililonse la Css makonzedwe a mankhwala mu plasma zimatheka pambuyo jekeseni 2-3.

Kusiyanitsa kwapakati pa intraind payekha ndikotsika kwa Levemir Penfill ndi Levemir FlexPen poyerekeza ndi kukonzekera kwina kwa insulin.

Panalibe kusiyana kwakanthawi pakati pa amuna ndi akazi mu pharmacokinetics ya mankhwala a Levemir Penfill / Levemir Flexpen.

Kupanga mankhwala a Levemir Penfill ndi Levemir FlexPen ndi ofanana ndi kukonzekera kwa insulin yaumunthu, ma metabolites onse omwe amapangidwa satha ntchito.

Kafukufuku womanga mapuloteni akuwonetsa kusowa kwa kuyanjana kwakukulu pakati pa kanyumba ka insulin ndi mafuta acids kapena mankhwala ena omanga mapuloteni.

The terminal theka-moyo pambuyo subcutaneous jekeseni kutsimikiza ndi kuchuluka kwa mayamwidwe subcutaneous minofu ndi maola 5-7, kutengera mlingo.

• insellinus wodwala matenda a shuga (mtundu 1 matenda a shuga),
• shuga yosadalira insulin (mtundu 2 shuga mellitus).

Yothetsera subcutaneous makonzedwe a Levemir Penfill m'magalori makatoni a mayunitsi 300 (3 ml) (jakisoni ma ampoules a jekeseni).

Yothetsera subcutaneous makonzedwe a galasi la Levemir Flexpen a 300 PIECES (3 ml) mu njira zowerengeka zotulutsira zolembera zowonjezera zingapo za 100 PIECES mu 1 ml.

Malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito, Mlingo ndi njira ya jakisoni

Lowani mosaneneka mu ntchafu, khoma lakunja lam'mimba kapena phewa. Ndikofunikira kusintha malo a jekeseni mkati mwa anatomical dera kuti muchepetse kukula kwa lipodystrophy. Insulin imachita zinthu mwachangu ngati itayambitsidwa khoma lakumbuyo lamkati.

Lowani 1 kapena 2 kawiri pa tsiku potengera zosowa za wodwala. Odwala omwe amafuna kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa 2 kawiri pa tsiku kuti athe kuyamwa kwambiri amatha kulowa mgonero ngakhale nthawi yamadzulo, kapena asanagone, kapena maola 12 atatha kumwa kwa mankhwalawa.

Odwala okalamba, komanso vuto la chiwindi ndi impso, kuchuluka kwa shuga wamagazi kuyenera kuyang'aniridwa kwambiri ndikuwonetsa kusintha kwa insulin.

Kusintha kwa magazi kungafunikenso pakuwonjezera zolimbitsa thupi kwa wodwala, kusintha zakudya zake, kapena mukudwala.

Mukasamutsa insulin kuchokera pakatikati ndikukhala ndi insulin yayitali, insulini ingafune mlingo komanso kusintha kwa nthawi. Kuwunikira mosamala kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi pomasulira komanso m'masabata oyamba a chithandizo cha insulini tikulimbikitsidwa. Malangizo a concomitant hypoglycemic mankhwala angafunike (mlingo ndi nthawi ya makonzedwe osakhalitsa a insulin kukonzekera kapena kumwa mankhwala a mkamwa hypoglycemic).

• hypoglycemia, Zizindikiro zomwe nthawi zambiri zimayamba mwadzidzidzi ndipo zimaphatikizira kuchepa kwa khungu, thukuta lozizira, kuchuluka kwa kutopa, manjenje, kunjenjemera, kutopa mwadzidzidzi kapena kufooka, kuyang'ana m'malingaliro, kusokonezeka kwa ndere, kugona, kugona kwambiri, kuwonongeka kwa mutu, kupweteka kwa mutu. kupweteka, nseru, palpitations. Hypoglycemia yayikulu imatha kuwononga chikumbumtima ndi / kapena kukhumudwa, kusokonezeka kwakanthawi kapena kosasintha kwa ubongo kugwira ntchito mpaka pakufa,
• zimachitika za hypersensitivity zakwanuko (redness, kutupa ndi kuyabwa pamalowo jakisoni) nthawi zambiri zimakhala zosakhalitsa, i.e. kusowa ndi mankhwala
• lipodystrophy (chifukwa chosagwirizana ndi lamulo la kusintha malo a jakisoni m'dera lomwelo),
• urticaria
• zotupa pakhungu
• Khungu
• zolimbitsa thukuta,
• matenda am'mimba,
• angioedema,
• kuvutika kupuma
• tachycardia
• kutsika kwa magazi,
• kuphwanya Refraction (nthawi zambiri kwakanthawi ndipo kuwonekera koyambirira kwa mankhwala a insulin),
• diabetesic retinopathy (kupitiliza kwa nthawi yayitali pakulamulira kwa glycemic kumachepetsa chiopsezo cha kupitirira kwa matenda ashuga retinopathy, komabe, kulimbikitsidwa kwa insulin mankhwala ndikusintha kozama mu carbohydrate metabolism control kungayambitse kuwonongeka kwakanthawi mu boma la matenda ashuga retinopathy.
• zotumphukira neuropathy, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimatha kusintha,
• kutupa.

• kuchuluka insulin sensitivity kunyansidwa.

Mimba komanso kuyamwa

Pakadali pano, palibe zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pazachipatala za Levemir Penfill ndi Levemir FlexPen pa nthawi yoyembekezera komanso mkaka wa m`mawere.

Munthawi ya kuyambika komanso nthawi yonse yomwe muli ndi pakati, kuwunika mosamala mkhalidwe wa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda osokoneza bongo ndikuwunika kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi a m'magazi ndikofunikira. Kufunika kwa insulini, monga lamulo, kumachepa mu trimester yoyamba ndipo pang'onopang'ono kumawonjezeka muyezo wachiwiri komanso wachitatu wamapazi oyembekezera. Pambuyo pobadwa, kufunikira kwa insulin kumabwereranso msanga momwe kunaliri asanakhale ndi pakati.

Panthawi yoyamwitsa, zingakhale zofunikira kusintha mlingo wa mankhwala ndi zakudya.

M'maphunziro oyesera nyama, palibe kusiyana komwe kunapezeka pakati pa embryotoxic ndi teratogenic zotsatira za detemir ndi insulin ya anthu.

Gwiritsani ntchito odwala okalamba

Kwa odwala okalamba, kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kuyenera kuyang'aniridwa kwambiri ndikuwonetsetsa kuti insulin yayenera.

Amakhulupirira kuti kusamala kwambiri ndi Detemir insulin sikukweza thupi.

Chiwopsezo chocheperako cha nocturnal hypoglycemia poyerekeza ndi ma insulin ena amalola kuchuluka kwa kusankha kwa mankhwalawa kuti akwaniritse kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi.

Detemir insulini imapereka chiwongolero chokwanira cha glycemic (kutengera kusintha kwa shuga m'magazi) poyerekeza ndi isofan insulin. Mlingo wosakwanira wa mankhwalawa kapena kusiya kulandira chithandizo, makamaka mtundu wa matenda a shuga 1, angayambitse kukula kwa hyperglycemia kapena matenda ashuga a ketoacidosis. Monga lamulo, zizindikiro zoyambirira za hyperglycemia zimawonekera pang'onopang'ono, kwa maola angapo kapena masiku. Zizindikiro zake zimaphatikizaponso ludzu, kukodza mwachangu, kusanza, kusanza, kugona komanso kuyanika pakhungu, pakamwa pouma, kusowa chilimbikitso, kununkhira kwa acetone mumlengalenga wotuluka. Mtundu woyamba wa matenda ashuga a mellitus, popanda chithandizo choyenera, hyperglycemia imatsogolera pakupanga matenda a shuga a ketoacidosis ndipo amatha kupha.

Hypoglycemia imatha kukhala ngati mlingo wa insulin ndiwokwera kwambiri poyerekeza ndi kufunika kwa insulin.

Kudumpha zakudya kapena kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi mosakonzekera kungayambitse matenda a hypoglycemia.

Pambuyo kulipirira kagayidwe kazakudya, mwachitsanzo, ndi mankhwala olimbitsa kwambiri a insulin, odwala amatha kukumana ndi zisonyezo zam'mbuyomu za hypoglycemia, zomwe odwala ayenera kudziwitsidwa. Zizindikiro zachilendo zimatha kutha ndi matenda a shuga.

Matenda okhala ndi vuto limodzi, makamaka opatsirana komanso kutentha thupi, nthawi zambiri amalimbikitsa kufunika kwa insulin.

Kusamutsa wodwala kupita ku mtundu wina kapena kukonzekera kwa insulin kwa wopanga wina kuyenera kuchitika moyang'aniridwa ndi achipatala.Mukasintha ndende, wopanga, mtundu, mitundu (nyama, munthu, fanizo la insulin ya anthu) ndi / kapena njira yopangira (genetically engineered or insulin of organis) Chinyama chitha kusintha.

Dululir ya Detemir sayenera kutumikiridwa kudzera m'mitsempha, chifukwa imatha kuyambitsa hypoglycemia.

Kuphatikiza Levemir Penfill ndi Levemir FlexPen insulini wofulumira wokhala ndi insulin analogue, monga insulin aspart, imabweretsa chithunzithunzi chochepetsedwa komanso chachedwa kwambiri poyerekeza ndi kayendetsedwe kake kosiyana.

Kukopa pa kuyendetsa magalimoto ndi kayendedwe kazinthu

Kuthekera kwa odwala kulolera komanso kuchuluka kwa momwe angachitire amatha kusokonezeka panthawi ya hypoglycemia ndi hyperglycemia, zomwe zimakhala zowopsa nthawi zomwe maluso amenewa amafunikira makamaka (mwachitsanzo, poyendetsa galimoto kapena kugwira ntchito ndi makina ndi makina). Odwala ayenera kulangizidwa kuti achitepo kanthu popewa kukulitsa kwa hypoglycemia ndi hyperglycemia poyendetsa galimoto ndikugwiritsa ntchito njira. Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri kwa odwala omwe alibe kapena kuchepetsedwa Zizindikiro zakutsogolo kwa hypoglycemia kapena akuvutika ndi zochitika zapafupipafupi za hypoglycemia. Muzochitika izi, kuthekera kwa ntchito yotereyi kuyenera kuganiziridwa.

Hypoglycemic zotsatira za insulin patsogolo mankhwala m'kamwa hypoglycemic, Mao zoletsa, zoletsa Ace, carbonic zoletsa anhydrase, kusankha beta-blockers, bromocriptine, sulfonamides, anabolic mankhwala, tetracyclines, clofibrate, ketoconazole, mebendazole, pyridoxine, theophylline, cyclophosphamide, fenfluramine, lifiyamu, mankhwala, yokhala ndi Mowa. Njira zakulera za pakamwa, GCS, mahomoni a chithokomiro, thiazide diuretics, heparin, tridclic antidepressants, sympathomimetics, danazole, Clonidine, pang'onopang'ono calcium njira blockers, diazoxide, morphine, phenytoin, nikotini kufooketsa mphamvu ya hypoglycemic.

Mothandizidwa ndi reserpine ndi salicylates, onse ofooketsa ndikuwonjezera zochita za insulin.

Octreotide / lanreotide imatha kuwonjezeka ndikuchepetsa kufunikira kwa insulin.

Beta-blockers amatha kuphimba zizindikiro za hypoglycemia ndikuchedwa kuchira pambuyo pa hypoglycemia.

Ethanol (mowa) amatha kukulitsa ndi kukulitsa mphamvu ya insulin.

Mankhwala ena, monga omwe ali ndi thiol kapena sulfite, pamene kuwonda kumawonjezeredwa ndi insulin, kungayambitse kuwonongeka kwa insulin.

Analogs a mankhwala Levemir

Zofanana muzochitika zamagulu:

• Insulin
• Levemir Penfill,
• Levemir FlexPen.

Analogs mu pharmacological group (ma insulin):

• Khalid
• Apidra
• Apidra SoloStar,
• Berlinsulin,
• Berlinsulin N Basal,
• Berlinsulin N Mwachizolowezi,
• Biosulin
• Brinsulmidi
• Brinsulrapi
• Tidzalamulira 30/70,
• Gensulin
• Depot insulin C,
• Isofan Insulin World Cup,
• Iletin 2,
• Insulin aspart,
• Insulin glargine,
• Insulin glulisin,
• Insulin
• Insulin Isofanicum,
• Tepi ya insulin,
• Lyspro insulin
• Insulin maxirapid,
• Insulin sungunuka
• Insulin c
• Nkhumba ya insulin yoyeretsedwa kwambiri,
• Insulinnt
• Insulin Ultralente,
• Insulin yamunthu
• Insulin ya chibadwa cha anthu,
• Insulin yopanga anthu insulin
• Insulin yobwerezabwereza ya anthu
• Insulin Long QMS,
• Insulin Ultralong SMK,
• Insulong SPP,
• Insulrap SPP,
• Insuman Bazal,
• Insuman Comb,
• Insuman Rapid,
• Insuran
• Pakati
• Combinsulin C
• Lantus
• Lantus SoloStar,
• Levemir Penfill,
• Levemir Phukira,
• Mikstard
• Monoinsulin
• Monotard
• NovoMix,
• NovoRapid,
• Pensulin,
• Protamine insulin
• Protafan
• Rysodeg Penfill,
• Rysodeg FlexTouch,
• Kubwezeretsanso insulin ya anthu,
• Rinsulin
• Rosinsulin,
• Sultofay,
• Tresiba,
• Tujeo SoloStar,
• Ultratard NM,
• Nyumba 40,
• Kandachime 40,
• Humalog,
• Kusakaniza kwa Humalog,
• Humodar
• Humulin,
• Humulin Wokhazikika.

Pakusowa kwa kufananiza kwa mankhwala omwe amagwira ntchito, mutha kuwonekera pazolumikizana pansipa ndi matenda omwe mankhwala oyenera amathandizira ndikuwona mawonekedwe ofananira achire.

Insulin yayitali ya Levemir Flexpen ndiyofunikira kuti athe kukhala ndi shuga wokwanira bwino m'magazi m'malo osala kudya momwemo momwe amapangidwira ndi kapamba wama thanzi. Izi ndizofunikira, chifukwa pakalibe mahomoni, thupi limayamba kupukusa mapuloteni ake enieni ndi mafuta, zomwe zimayambitsa kupezeka kwa matenda ashuga a ketoacidosis (kagayidwe kazakudya kagayidwe kazakudya, kamene kamayambitsa kufa.

Kusiyanitsa kwakukulu pakati pa wogwiritsa ntchito nthawi yayitali ndi mankhwala othamanga ndikuti kuwonjezeka kwambiri kwa shuga m'magazi, komwe kumachitika nthawi zonse mukatha kudya, sikunapangidwe kuti muchepetse: ndikuchedwa kwambiri izi. Chifukwa chake, Levemir Flexpen nthawi zambiri amaphatikizidwa ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo (insulin lispro, aspart) kapena mankhwala ena ochepetsa shuga.

Levemir Flexpen amapangidwa ndi kampani yopanga mankhwala ku Danish Novo Nordisk A / S (ambiri akukhulupirira kuti ichi ndi insulin ya ku Russia, chifukwa kampaniyo ili ndi mbewu kudera la Kaluga komwe imapanga mankhwala ochepetsa shuga). Fomu yotulutsira ndi madzi oyera, opanda khungu lopangika pobayira jakisoni wambiri. Malinga ndi malangizo, mankhwalawa adapangidwa kwa odwala onse oyamba ndi odwala matenda amtundu wa shuga, adziwonetsa okha ku matenda a shuga.

Chothandizira cha Levemir Flexpen ndi Detemir - chithunzi cha munthu chomwe chinapangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito ma genetic engineering, chifukwa chake ma allergies, mosiyana ndi mankhwala ochokera ku nyama, samayambitsa. Ubwino wina wamankhwala, malinga ndi ndemanga, ndikuti ulibe phindu lililonse pakukula kwa thupi.

Kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti ngati mungayerekeze mankhwalawa ndi isophan, mutha kuwona kuti patatha masabata makumi awiri ndi kugwiritsa ntchito fungo (kamodzi), kulemera kwa maphunzirowo kunawonjezeka ndi 0,7 kg, pomwe mankhwala ochokera ku gulu la insulin-isofan amawonjezera kulemera kwawo ndi 1.6 kg . Ndi jakisoni awiri, pakatha milungu makumi awiri ndi isanu ndi umodzi, kulemera kwa thupi kumawonjezeka ndi 1.2 ndi 2.8 kg, motsatana.

Kutalika kwa chochita

Pali mitundu iwiri yayikulu yamankhwala: mahomoni osungunuka amatanthauza mankhwala osokoneza bongo, omwe amapezeka mwa kuyimitsidwa - kukulitsidwa. Nthawi yomweyo amagawika m'magulu atatu, ndipo chaposachedwa, m'magulu anayi kapena asanu:

• kopitilira muyeso - posachedwa pomwe mankhwala amayamba kugwira ntchito theka la ora, ndipo mankhwalawa - mwachangu kwambiri, pakadutsa mphindi khumi ndi khumi ndi zisanu (insulin Aspart, insulin Lizpro, Humulin regule),
• kuchitapo kwakanthawi - theka la ola pambuyo pa jekeseni, nsonga imayamba mu ola limodzi ndi theka mpaka maola atatu, nthawi yochitapo kanthu ikuchokera maola anayi mpaka asanu ndi limodzi. Mwa mankhwalawa, munthu amatha kusiyanitsa insulin Actrapid ChS (Denmark), Farmasulin N (Russia),
• Kutalika kwapakati - kumayamba kugwira ntchito patatha ola limodzi ndi theka jekeseni, kukwera kumachitika pambuyo pa maola 4-12, nthawi - kuyambira maola 12 mpaka 18 (Insuman Rapid GT),
• kuphatikiza - yogwira kale mphindi makumi atatu pambuyo pa jekeseni, ikufika pachimake patatha maola 2-8, zotsatira zake zimakhala mpaka maola makumi awiri (NovoMiks 30, Mikstard 30 NM, Humodar, insulin Aspart magawo awiri, Farmasulin 30/70),
• kuchitapo kanthu kwanthawi yayitali: kuyamba kwa ntchito pambuyo maola 4-6, kuchuluka - pakati pa 10 ndi 18 maola, nthawi mpaka maola 24 (insulin Levemir, protamine insulin mwadzidzidzi),
• superlong kuchitira - zotsatira za mankhwala pa thupi kumatenga maola 36 mpaka 42 (Degludek).

Ngakhale kuti Levemir Flexpen adanenedwa ngati malangizowo ngati mankhwala omwe atenga nthawi yayitali, malinga ndi ndemanga, sikokwanira pa tsiku limodzi: kutalika kwa momwe mankhwalawa angakhalire, kutengera mtundu wa matenda. Kwa odwala matenda ashuga a mtundu 2, zotsatira za mankhwalawa zimatha kukhala kwa maola makumi awiri ndi anayi. Ponena za mtundu woyamba wa odwala matenda ashuga, kukonzekera kwa insulin kumalola kuti jakisoni osapitirira kawiri pa tsiku.

Kwa odwala matenda ashuga a mitundu yoyamba komanso yachiwiri, pofuna kupewa kusinthasintha kwa shuga ndikukwaniritsa kufanana kwake m'magazi, ambiri amalimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito Levemir Flexpen kawiri patsiku: pankhaniyi, mukatha kuchuluka kwa mitundu iwiri kapena itatu, mutha kukwaniritsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'thupi.

Mankhwalawa ndi othandiza kwambiri kuyambira maola atatu mpaka khumi ndi anayi, omwe ali ofanana ndimankhwala omwe amapezeka nthawi yayitali, mwachitsanzo, kuchokera ku gulu la insulin-isofan. Chithandizo chachikulu m'magazi chimafika patapita maola asanu ndi limodzi mpaka asanu ndi atatu pambuyo pa jakisoni. Odwala ambiri amazindikira kuti pakati pali nsonga, koma samatchulidwa ngati mankhwala omwe akhala akuchita kalekale omwe amapangidwa asanakhale. Amawonetsedwa bwino kwambiri odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga a 2.

Hafu ya moyo imatengera mlingo, kuchuluka kwa kuyamwa kwa tinthu timene timayambira ndipo kumachokera maola asanu mpaka asanu ndi awiri pambuyo pobayira. Kuchuluka kwa nthawi yayitali kwa mankhwalawa kumachitika chifukwa chakuti chinthu chogwira ntchito chimamasulidwa pang'onopang'ono kuchokera pamafuta ochepa, chifukwa chomwe kuchuluka kwake m'magazi kumakhala kosasinthika panthawi yonse yochitapo kanthu.

Kusintha kwa Mlingo

Odwala mu ukalamba kapena pamaso pa aimpso kapena kwa chiwindi, kusintha kwa mankhwalawa kuyenera kuchitika, monga insulin ina. Mtengo sasintha kuchokera pamenepa.

Mlingo wa detemir insulin uyenera kusankhidwa payekhapayekha popenyerera shuga m'magazi.

Komanso, kuwunikiridwa kwa mlingo ndikofunikira ndikuwonjezera zolimbitsa thupi kwa wodwalayo, kupezeka kwa matenda oyanjana kapena kusintha kwa zakudya zake.

Kusintha kuchokera kukonzekera kwina kwa insulin

Ngati pakufunika kusamutsa wodwalayo kuchoka kwa insulin yayitali kapena mankhwala osokoneza bongo apakati kupita ku Levemir Flexpen, ndiye kuti kusintha kosintha kwakanthawi kokhazikitsidwa, komanso kusintha kwa mlingo, kungafunike.

Monga kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala enanso ofananawo, ndikofunikira kuyang'anitsitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi poyisintha nokha komanso pakatha milungu ingapo yoyambirira yogwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa.

Nthawi zina, concomitant hypoglycemic Therapy iyeneranso kuwunikiridwa, mwachitsanzo, mankhwala a pakamwa pakamwa kapena mlingo komanso nthawi ya makonzedwe a insulin yokonzekera.

Gwiritsani ntchito pa nthawi yoyembekezera komanso mkaka wa m`mawere

Palibe zambiri zakuchipatala zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi Levemir Flexpen panthawi yobereka komanso kuyamwitsa. Pophunzira ntchito yachilengedwe mu nyama, palibe kusiyana pakati pa embryotoxicity ndi teratogenicity pakati pa insulin ya munthu ndi insulin.

Ngati mayi wapezeka ndi matenda a shuga, kuwunika mosamala ndikofunikira pakukonzekera komanso nthawi yonse ya bere.

Mu trimester yoyamba, nthawi zambiri kufunikira kwa insulin kumachepa, ndipo pambuyo pake kumawonjezeka. Pambuyo pobadwa mwana, nthawi zambiri kufunikira kwa timadzi timeneti kumabwera mwachangu pamlingo woyambirira womwe unali asanakhale ndi pakati.

Pa yoyamwitsa, mkazi angafunike kusintha zakudya zake ndi mlingo wa insulin.

Zotsatira zoyipa

Monga lamulo, mavuto omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito mwa anthu omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mankhwala a Levemir Flexpen amadalira kwambiri mankhwalawa ndipo ndi chifukwa cha insulin.

Zotsatira zoyipa kwambiri ndi hypoglycemia.Zimachitika ngati milingo yayikulu kwambiri ya mankhwalawa imaperekedwa yomwe imaposa kufunika kwachilengedwe kwa insulin.

Kafukufuku wachipatala awonetsa kuti pafupifupi 6% ya odwala omwe amathandizidwa ndi Levemir Flexpen amayamba kukhala ndi hypoglycemia wothandizidwa ndi anthu ena.

Zomwe zimachitika pakukhazikitsa mankhwalawa jekeseni pogwiritsa ntchito Levemir Flexpen ndizofala kwambiri pochiritsidwa ndi insulin ya anthu. Izi zimawonetsedwa ndi redness, kutupa, kutupa ndi kuyabwa, kuphulika pamalowo jekeseni.

Nthawi zambiri, machitidwe oterewa sakutchulidwa ndipo amakhalapo kwakanthawi (amazimiririka ndikumalandira kwa masiku angapo kapena masabata).

Kukula kwa zoyipa mwa odwala omwe amathandizidwa ndi mankhwalawa kumachitika pafupifupi 12% ya milandu. Zotsatira zonse zoyipa zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha mankhwala a Levemir Flexpen amagawidwa m'magulu otsatirawa:

1. Matenda a metabolism komanso zakudya.

Nthawi zambiri, hypoglycemia imachitika, itakhala ndi zizindikiro zotsatirazi:

• thukuta lozizira
• kutopa, kutopa, kufooka,
• kukopa kwa pakhungu
• kumverera kwa nkhawa
• mantha kapena kunjenjemera,
• idachepetsa nthawi yayitali komanso chisokonezo,
• kumva kwamphamvu njala
• mutu
• kuwonongeka kwamawonekedwe
• kuchuluka kwa mtima.

Mu hypoglycemia yayikulu, wodwalayo atha kuzindikira, amamva kukokana, kusokonezeka kwakanthawi kapena kosasinthika muubongo kungachitike, ndipo zotsatira zake zingachitike.

1. Zomwe zimachitika jekeseni:

• redness, kuyabwa ndi kutupa kumachitika kawirikawiri pamalowo. Nthawi zambiri amakhala osakhalitsa ndipo amangochitika ndi chithandizo chanthawi zonse.
• lipodystrophy - sizichitika kawirikawiri, zitha kuyamba chifukwa chakuti lamulo losintha jakisoni m'deralo silimawonedwa,
• edema imatha kumayambiriro kwa chithandizo cha insulin.

Zonsezi zimachitika nthawi yochepa.

1. Kusintha kwa chitetezo chathupi - zotupa za pakhungu, ming'oma, ndimomwe zimayambitsa thupi nthawi zina zimatha kuchitika.

Izi ndizotsatira za mphamvu ya hypersensitivity. Zizindikiro zina zimaphatikizira thukuta, angioedema, kuyabwa, mavuto am'mimba, kuvutika kupuma, kutsika kwa magazi, komanso kugunda kwamtima mwachangu.

Kuwonetsedwa kwa generalised hypersensitivity (anaphylactic reaction) kungakhale koopsa m'moyo wa wodwalayo.

1. Kuwonongeka kowoneka - nthawi zina, matenda ashuga a retinopathy kapena kuwonongeka kwakanthawi kumatha kuchitika.

Bongo

Sizikudziwika kuti ndi mtundu wanji womwe ungayambitse kuchuluka kwa insulin, koma ngati mlingo waukulu kwambiri umaperekedwa kwa munthu winawake, hypoglycemia imayamba pang'onopang'ono.

Pokhala ndi vutoli pang'ono, wodwalayo amatha kuthana ndi yekha mwa kudya zakudya zamafuta ambiri, komanso kumwa shuga kapena shuga. Chifukwa chake, odwala matenda a shuga ayenera kunyamula ma cookie, maswiti, shuga kapena msuzi wa zipatso.

Insulin yayitali ya Levemir Flexpen ndiyofunikira kuti athe kukhala ndi shuga wokwanira bwino m'magazi m'malo osala kudya momwemo momwe amapangidwira ndi kapamba wama thanzi. Izi ndizofunikira, chifukwa pakalibe mahomoni, thupi limayamba kupukusa mapuloteni ake enieni ndi mafuta, zomwe zimayambitsa kupezeka kwa matenda ashuga a ketoacidosis (kagayidwe kazakudya kagayidwe kazakudya, kamene kamayambitsa kufa.

Kusiyanitsa kwakukulu pakati pa wogwiritsa ntchito nthawi yayitali ndi mankhwala othamanga ndikuti kuwonjezeka kwambiri kwa shuga m'magazi, komwe kumachitika nthawi zonse mukatha kudya, sikunapangidwe kuti muchepetse: ndikuchedwa kwambiri izi. Chifukwa chake, Levemir Flexpen nthawi zambiri amaphatikizidwa ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo (insulin lispro, aspart) kapena mankhwala ena ochepetsa shuga.

Levemir Flexpen amapangidwa ndi kampani yopanga mankhwala ku Danish Novo Nordisk A / S (ambiri akukhulupirira kuti ichi ndi insulin ya ku Russia, chifukwa kampaniyo ili ndi mbewu kudera la Kaluga komwe imapanga mankhwala ochepetsa shuga). Fomu yotulutsira ndi madzi oyera, opanda khungu lopangika pobayira jakisoni wambiri. Malinga ndi malangizo, mankhwalawa adapangidwa kwa odwala onse oyamba ndi odwala matenda amtundu wa shuga, adziwonetsa okha ku matenda a shuga.

Chothandizira cha Levemir Flexpen ndi Detemir - chithunzi cha munthu chomwe chinapangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito ma genetic engineering, chifukwa chake ma allergies, mosiyana ndi mankhwala ochokera ku nyama, samayambitsa. Ubwino wina wamankhwala, malinga ndi ndemanga, ndikuti ulibe phindu lililonse pakukula kwa thupi.

Kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti ngati mungayerekeze mankhwalawa ndi isophan, mutha kuwona kuti patatha masabata makumi awiri ndi kugwiritsa ntchito fungo (kamodzi), kulemera kwa maphunzirowo kunawonjezeka ndi 0,7 kg, pomwe mankhwala ochokera ku gulu la insulin-isofan amawonjezera kulemera kwawo ndi 1.6 kg . Ndi jakisoni awiri, pakatha milungu makumi awiri ndi isanu ndi umodzi, kulemera kwa thupi kumawonjezeka ndi 1.2 ndi 2.8 kg, motsatana.

Mimba ndi ana

Amayi omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga amayenera kuyang'aniridwa panthawi yomwe ali ndi pakati komanso kuti mankhwalawa amayenera kusinthidwa molingana ndi momwe alili pobereka. Nthawi zambiri, mu trimester yoyamba, kufunikira kwa insulin kumachepa kwambiri, m'magawo awiri otsatirawo amayamba, mwana akabadwa, amabwerera pamlingo womwe anali asanakhale ndi pakati.

Pakufufuzaku, adaganiza zowona azimayi oyembekezera mazana atatu omwe amathandizidwa ndi insulin yaumunthu (omwe amatchedwa ma analogi a insulin yaumunthu wathanzi, omwe adapangidwa ndi mainjiniering). Hafu ya azimayi adathandizidwa ndi Levemir Flexpen, ena onse ndi mankhwala a isofan.

Ili ndiye dzina la insulin NPH, chimodzi mwazinthu zomwe zimagwira ntchito zomwe ndi protamine insulin yomwe imapezeka ku trout mkaka (mwachitsanzo, Aspart magawo awiri a insulin, Mikstard 30 NM), yomwe ntchito yake ndikuchepetsa kuyamwa kwa mahomoni. Nthawi zambiri, insulin NPH imakhala ndi protamine ndi insulin mulingo wofanana. Koma posachedwa, insulin NPH yaoneka, mahomoni amtundu wa anthu opangidwa popanda chibadwa cha nyama (Insuman Rapid GT, protamine insulin emergency).

Zinapezeka kuti kuchuluka kwa glucose osala mwa azimayi omwe adatenga Levemir Flexpen pa 24 ndi milungu 36 ya mimba ndiwotsika kwambiri kuposa omwe adalandira mankhwala a isofan insulin, chinthu chomwe chimagwiranso ntchito ndi mtundu wa insulin Insuman, protamine insulin mwadzidzidzi, insulin Humulin, Humodar). Pankhani ya kuchuluka kwa hypoglycemia, panalibe kusiyana kwapadera pakati pa chazinthu chazakudya zomwe zimayambitsa ndi isofan insulin.

Zidadziwikanso kuti mavuto osagwirizana ndi mankhwalawa a Levemir Flexpen ndi insulin yokhala ndi isophan for the body amafanana ndipo amasiyana pang'ono. Koma zotsatira zake zikuwonetsa kuti pali zovuta zoyipa zazing'ono mwa amayi apakati ndi ana atabadwa, omwe adayikidwa kuti isofan insulin: 39% motsutsana ndi 40% mwa azimayi, 20% motsutsana ndi 24% mwa ana. Koma kuchuluka kwa ana omwe adabadwa ndi vuto lobadwa nako kunali 5% poyerekeza ndi 7% m'malo mwake a Levemir Flexpen, pomwe kuchuluka kwazovuta zomwe zidalinso zomwezo.

Momwe mankhwalawa amakhudzira ana nthawi yanthawi yachilendo pano sakudziwika, koma akuganiza kuti sizikhudza kagayidwe ka ana. Pofuna kupewa zovuta, mlingo wa mankhwalawa komanso zakudya za akazi omwe akumakhazikitsidwa amayenera kusintha. Ponena za mankhwalawa ana azaka zopitilira ziwiri, kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti mukamagwiritsa ntchito Levemir Flexpen, kulandira chithandizo chokhala ndi detemir kuli bwino malinga ndi kukula kwapang'onopang'ono kwa hypoglycemia ya usiku.

Mankhwala othandizira

Popeza Levimir Flexpen ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo omwe akhala akuchita kwa nthawi yayitali, ndikofunikira kuti muphatikize ndi ma insulin a "anthu" osakhalitsa. Ndi zovuta mankhwala, mankhwala amaikidwa kamodzi kapena kawiri pa tsiku, kutengera matenda. Zimayenda bwino ndi mankhwala omwe amangokhala osakhalitsa (insulin Actrapid emergency) ndi ultrashort (insulin Aspart, insulin Lizpro), amenenso ndi zinthu zopanga ma genetic engineering.

Insulin Novorapid Penfill ndi insulin Lizpro zimapangitsa kuti azitha kulingalira za kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamagulu odwala matenda ashuga kwa omwe ali ndi thanzi ndipo amachepetsa hyperglycemia yomwe imachitika mutatha kudya:

• Novorapid (insulin aspart) - yomwe imachokera ku insulin yopanga ku Sweden, imachepetsa chiopsezo chokhala ndi mtundu uliwonse wa glycemia, kuphatikizapo woopsa.
• Insulin Humalog ndi mankhwala achi French, omwe amaphatikiza insulin lispro, imodzi mwa mankhwala oyamba a ultrashort omwe amaloledwa mu mankhwala a insulin. Zomwe makonzedwe a Humalog Mix 25 ndiakuti, mosiyana ndi kukonzekera kwa insulin ambiri, jakisoni itha kuchitika musanadye: kuyambira 0 mpaka mphindi 15,
• Insulin Humulin Regular (70% isophan, 30% insulin sungunuka),

Ndizofunikira kudziwa kuti insulin Aspart, insulin Lizpro, insulin Humulin Regulator - yosinthika ya insulini ya "weniweni" waumunthu, yomwe imawalola kuti achepetse shuga yawo mofulumira kwambiri. Koma ndibwino kukana kuphatikiza Levemir ndi insulin Apidra, yomwe ilinso ndi yochepa kwambiri: insulin glulisin, chinthu chogwira ntchito cha mankhwalawa, sichikulimbikitsidwa kuti chisakanizidwe ndi insulin, kupatulapo isofan (insulin PX).

Nthawi zina kumakhala kofunikira kusintha kwa Levimir Flexpen ndi mankhwala ena. Izi zitha kukhala chifukwa chosagulitsa, kapena malinga ndi zotsatira za mayeso, pomwe adotolo akuganiza zoletsa mankhwalawa. Nthawi zambiri amasinthidwa ndi fanizo la insulin yotalikilapo kapena yapakatikati: ngakhale amalembedwa mosiyanasiyana, nthawi yowonetsera thupi imafanana.

Analogue yayikulu ya mankhwalawa ndi Lantus (chinthu chogwira ntchito ndi glargine). Mutha kubwezeretsanso magawo awiri a Khumudar kapena Aspart insulin (mankhwala osakanikirana), ndi Insumam Rapid GT, nthawi zina lingaliro limapangidwira m'malo mwa mankhwala otsimikizira. Mwachitsanzo, nthawi yogwira ntchito ya deglude imachokera ku maola 24 mpaka 42: deglude imalowetsedwa pang'ono m'magazi, ndikupereka kutsitsa shuga kwa pafupifupi masiku awiri.

Nthawi zambiri, mankhwala a biphasic ophatikizika amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza. Mwachitsanzo, insulin aspart magawo awiri a NovoMix 30 iyamba kuchita zinthu makumi atatu pambuyo poyenda mosasunthika, kuchuluka kwakukulu kwa zomwe zimagwira ntchito zimawonedwa munthawi ya maola awiri mpaka eyiti, nthawi ya mankhwalawa - mpaka maola makumi awiri.

Gawo lachiwiri la Ryzodeg Penfill limagwiranso ntchito, lomwe limapangidwa ndi degludec ndi insulin aspart: degludec imapatsa mankhwalawa nthawi yayitali, pomwe katswiri wa aspart amayenda mwachangu. Kuphatikizidwa uku kuthamanga komanso kothamanga kumapangitsa kuti azitha kuyang'anira shuga komanso kupewa hypoglycemia.

Kodi levemir ndi insulin ya machitidwe ati? Kodi ndizitali kapena zazifupi?

Levemir ndi insulin wa nthawi yayitali. Mlingo uliwonse womwe umaperekedwa umachepetsa shuga mkati mwa maola 18-24. Komabe, odwala matenda ashuga omwe amatsata amafunika Mlingo wocheperako, 2-8 nthawi yotsika kuposa mulingo woyenera. Pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa, mphamvu ya mankhwalawa imatha mofulumira, mkati mwa maola 10-16. Mosiyana ndi insulin yapakatikati, Levemir alibe chiwonetsero chokwanira kuchitapo kanthu. Samalani ndi mankhwala atsopano omwe amakhala nthawi yayitali, mpaka maola 42, komanso bwino.

Kodi mankhwalawa amafunika kuti alowetse ndani mwa mwana wazaka 3?

Zimatengera mtundu wa chakudya chomwe mwana wachitidwa ndi matenda ashuga amatsatira.Ngati idasamutsidwa, ndiye kuti Mlingo wochepa kwambiri, ngati homeopathic, ungafunike. Mwinanso, muyenera kulowa mu Levemir m'mawa ndi madzulo muzinthu zosaposa 1 unit. Mutha kuyamba ndi mayunitsi 0,25. Kuti mupeze jekeseni yotsika bwino, ndikofunikira kuthira njira yofayira jakisoni. Werengani zambiri za izi.

Pakazizira, poizoni wa chakudya ndi matenda ena opatsirana, Mlingo wa insulin uyenera kuchuluka nthawi 1.5. Chonde dziwani kuti kukonzekera kwa Lantus, Tujeo ndi Tresiba sikungathe kuchepetsedwa. Chifukwa chake, kwa ana aang'ono a mitundu yayitali ya insulin, ndi Levemir okha ndi omwe atsalira. Werengani nkhaniyo ”. Phunzirani momwe mungatalikitsire nthawi yanu ya tchuthi ndikukhazikitsa mtundu wabwino wama glucose.

Chithandizo cha matenda a shuga a insulin - komwe mungayambire:

Zomwe zili bwino: Levemir kapena Humulin NPH?

Humulin NPH ndi insulin yochita ngati sing'anga, ngati Protafan. NPH ndi protamine ya Hagedorn yosaloledwa, mapuloteni omwewo omwe nthawi zambiri amayambitsa ziwengo. zimachitika. Humulin NPH sayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pazifukwa zofanana ndi Protafan.

Levemir Penfill ndi Flekspen: Kusiyana kwake ndi kotani?

Flekspen ndi cholembera chimbale momwe mavekitala a inshuwaransi ya Levemir amaikiramo. Penfill ndi mankhwala a Levemir omwe amagulitsidwa popanda zolembera kuti mugwiritse ntchito syringes yokhazikika ya insulin. Ma cholembera a Flexspen ali ndi gawo la 1 unit. Izi zitha kukhala zosokoneza mankhwalawa a shuga kwa ana omwe amafunikira kuchuluka. Zikatero, ndikofunika kupeza ndikugwiritsa ntchito Penfill.

Levemir alibe ma analogu otsika mtengo. Chifukwa mawonekedwe ake amatetezedwa ndi patent yomwe kuvomerezeka kwake sikunathe. Pali mitundu ingapo yofanana ya insulin yayitali kuchokera kwa opanga ena. Izi ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo, ndipo. Mutha kuphunzira mwatsatanetsatane nkhani iliyonse. Komabe, mankhwalawa onse siotsika mtengo. Mwachitsanzo, insulin yapakatikati Komabe, ili ndi zovuta zina, chifukwa chomwe tsamba lawebusayiti silimalimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito.

Levemir kapena Lantus: ndi insulin iti bwino?

Yankho mwatsatanetsatane la funsoli limaperekedwa. Ngati Levemir kapena Lantus akukwiyirani, pitilizani kugwiritsa ntchito. Musasinthe mankhwala amitundu ina pokhapokha ngati pakufunika kutero. Ngati mukukonzekera kuyamba kubayitsa insulin yayitali, ndiye yesetsani Levemir. Insulin yatsopano ndi yabwino kuposa Levemir ndi Lantus, chifukwa imatenga nthawi yayitali komanso bwino. Komabe, zimatengera pafupifupi katatu mtengo wake.

Levemir pa mimba

Kafukufuku wamkulu wazachipatala adachitidwa omwe adatsimikizira chitetezo ndi kuyendetsa bwino kwa kayendetsedwe ka Levemir pa nthawi yapakati. Mitundu yampikisano ya insulin Lantus, Tujeo ndi Tresiba sangadzitame chifukwa cha umboni wabwino wotetezedwa. Ndikofunika kuti mayi woyembekezera yemwe ali ndi shuga wambiri amvetsetse momwe angawerengere Mlingo woyenera.

Insulin siyowopsa kwa mayi kapena kwa mwana wosabadwayo, malinga ngati mankhwalawo asankhidwa molondola. Matenda a shuga oyembekezera, ngati atasiyidwa, amatha kubweretsa mavuto akulu. Chifukwa chake, lembani molimba mtima Levemir ngati dokotala wakuuzani kuti muchite izi. Yesani kuchita popanda kulandira mankhwala a insulin, kutsatira zakudya zabwino. Werengani nkhani zakuti “” ndi “” kuti mumve zambiri.