Olga Demicheva: "Dongosolo la endocrine ndiye wogwirizanitsa thupi ambiri"

Kufotokozera ndi chidule cha "Matenda a shuga" amawerengedwa pa intaneti.

Olga Yurievna Demicheva

wochita endocrinologist wazaka 30 wazaka zambiri pothandizira matenda a shuga ndi matenda ena a endocrine, membala wa European Association for the Study of Diabetes.

Anton Vladimirovich Rodionov

Cardiologist, Woyankha wa Sayansi ya Zachipatala, Pulofesa Wothandizira wa Dipatimenti Yazachipatala Cha Nambala 1 ya Yunivesite Yoyambirira Yachipatala ya Moscow State yotchedwa pambuyo I.M. Sechenov. Membala wa Russian Cardiology Society ndi European Society of Cardiology (ESC). Wolemba zofalitsa zopitilira 50 mu Russia komanso nyuzipepala zakunja, amatenga nawo mbali mu pulogalamuyi ndi Dr. Myasnikov "Pa chinthu chofunikira kwambiri."

Wokondedwa wowerenga!

Bukuli silili la okhawo omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga, komanso la iwo omwe angafune kupewa matenda opusa.

Tiyeni tidziwane wina ndi mnzake. Dzina langa ndi Olga Yuryevna Demicheva.

Kwa zaka zopitilira 30 ndakhala ndikugwira ntchito ya endocrinologist, ndimakumana ndi odwala matenda a shuga tsiku lililonse. Pakati pawo pali anthu ochepa kwambiri komanso okalamba. Mumabwera ndimavuto anu komanso mavuto athu, omwe timagonjetsa mwa kulumikizana kwathunthu. Ndikofunikira kukambirana kwambiri ndi anthu, kumveketsa bwino za maphunzirowo ndi chithandizo cha matenda awo, sankhani mawu osavuta kufotokoza njira zovuta.

Ndimapereka zokambirana zambiri za endocrinology kwa madokotala m'mizinda yosiyanasiyana ya Russia. Ndimatenga nawo mbali pamisonkhano yapadziko lonse lapansi, ndine membala wa European Association for the Study of Diabetes. Sindimangokhala ndi zamankhwala zokha, komanso kufufuza, kusindikiza zolemba m'mabuku apadera azachipatala.

Kwa odwala, ndimachita maphunziro kusukulu ya matenda ashuga, sukulu yasukulu yoletsa kunenepa kwambiri. Mafunso ambiri omwe amakhalapo mwa odwala adalimbikitsa kufunika kwa pulogalamu yotsika mtengo yophunzitsira zachipatala.

Ndinayamba kulemba mabuku ndi zolemba za odwala zaka zingapo zapitazo. Mosayembekezereka, izi zidakhala zovuta kuposa kulemba zolemba kwa akatswiri anzawo. Zinatengera mawu ena, njira yowonetsera chidziwitso ndi njira yankhani. Zinali zofunika kuphunzira kutanthauzira "zala zala" kufotokozera mfundo zovuta ngakhale kwa madokotala. Ndikufunadi kuthandiza anthu omwe ali kutali ndi mankhwala kupeza mayankho a mafunso ambiri.

Kupereka buku lotulutsa "Dr. Rodionov Academy", lomwe ladziwika kwambiri m'mabuku azachipatala, ndi ulemu wanga. Ndili wokondwa kwa a Anton Rodionov ndi nyumba yofalitsa EKSMO pakufunsira izi. Ntchito yanga inali kukonza buku la matenda ashuga kwa odwala, pomwe zidziwitso za matendawa zizipezeka, moona komanso mwaukadaulo.

Ntchito pa bukuli idakhala yovuta komanso yondithandiza kwambiri.

Zakhala zikudziwika kale mdziko lapansi kuti odwala matenda a shuga amakhala ndi nthawi yotalikirapo ndipo amakhala ndi zovuta zochepa ngati aphunzitsidwa bwino komanso amakhala ndi chidziwitso chambiri komanso chodalirika chokhudza matenda awo, ndipo nthawi zonse pamakhala dokotala pafupi ndi omwe amamukhulupirira ndipo amatha kufunsana naye.

Maphunziro a odwala m'masukulu apadera a matenda ashuga amatha kupititsa patsogolo patsogolo matendawa. Koma, mwatsoka, ambiri mwa odwala athu sanaphunzitsidwe kusukulu zoterezi ndipo akufuna kuyesetsa kupeza chidziwitso kuchokera pa intaneti ndi mabuku osiyanasiyana ndi magazini okhudza thanzi. Zambiri zotere sizodalirika nthawi zonse, nthawi zambiri izi zimakhala zotsatsa, zomwe zimaperekanso vuto lina la matenda ashuga, omwe opanga ndi otsatsa amayembekeza kulemerapo.

Ntchito yanga ndikukupatsani chidziwitso, owerenga okondedwa, kuti ndikutetezeni kwa othandizira othandizira odwala omwe amagwiritsa ntchito umbuli wa anthu odwala zolinga zachifundo.

Mubukali, sitidzapangira chidziwitso, koma tifufuza mozama pazomwe zimayambitsa komanso zovuta za matenda ashuga, zomwe zimafotokozedwa mu Russia zosavuta kwa anthu opanda maphunziro apaderadera.

Dokotala ayenera kukhala wowona mtima nthawi zonse ndi wodwala wake. Tonse atatu ndife inu, ine ndi matenda anu. Mukandikhulupirira, adotolo, ndiye kuti inu ndi ine, titalumikizana motsutsana ndi matendawa, tidzathetsa. Ngati simundikhulupirira, pamenepo ndidzakhala wopanda mphamvu ndekha motsutsana nanu.

Chowonadi chokhudza matenda a shuga m'buku lino. Ndikofunika kuti mumvetsetse kuti buku langali sililowa m'malo mwa sukulu ya matenda ashuga. Komanso, ndikhulupilira kuti, mukatha kuziwerenga, wowerenga amamva kufunika kopita kusukuluyi, chifukwa kwa munthu wodwala matenda ashuga, kudziwa kumakhala kofanana ndi zaka zowonjezera za moyo. Ndipo ngati mumvetsetsa izi powerenga bukuli, ndiye kuti ntchito yanga yakwaniritsidwa.

Zabwino, Zanu Olga Demicheva

Matenda kapena moyo?

Kodi tikudziwa chiyani za matenda ashuga?

Si nthawi zonse pamene mphamvu ya dokotala imachiritsa wodwala.

Kodi ndizotheka "kudzilimbitsa" pokana matenda a shuga ndikupewa? Kodi pali “katemera” wa matenda ashuga? Kodi pali njira zodalirika zoteteza?

Palibe amene samadwala matenda ashuga, aliyense angatenge. Pali njira zopewera zomwe zimachepetsa chiopsezo cha matendawa, koma sikutsimikizira kuti matenda ashuga sangakupezeni.

Pomaliza: aliyense ayenera kudziwa kuti matenda ashuga ndi otani, momwe mungazipezere pakapita nthawi komanso momwe angakhalire ndiumoyo kuti zisakhale chaka, sikuti tsiku la moyo limatayika chifukwa cha matendawa.

Tilore bwino, owerenga okondedwa, ngati zambiri zikukuwopsezeni, musataye mtima: palibe zovuta zomwe zingachitike mukadwala matenda ashuga.

Kulimbikitsa wodwala ndi malo osayenera kwa dokotala; makamaka, ndikusinthanitsa ndi cholinga chimodzi: kukakamiza wodwala kuti akwaniritse cholinga chake. Izi sizabwino.

Munthu sayenera kuchita mantha ndi matenda ake komanso dokotala. Wodwala ali ndi ufulu wodziwa zomwe zimamuchitikira komanso momwe dokotala akukonzekera kuti athetse mavutowo. Chithandizo chilichonse chikuyenera kuvomerezedwa ndi wodwalayo ndikuchitika ndi chilolezo chake chodziwitsidwa.

Konzekerani kucheza moona mtima. Tidzakumana ndi mavuto kuti tithe kuthana nawo bwinobwino.

Poyamba, tiyeni tikambirane za anthu ambiri - tikunena chithunzi chachikulu ndi mikwingwirima, kuti pambuyo pake timve zambiri.

Kodi ziwerengero zamatenda a shuga zimati chiyani? Ndipo izi ndi. Masiku ano, vuto la matenda ashuga kuchokera ku chithandizo chamankhwala lasandulika kukhala lachipatala komanso lothandiza. Matenda a shuga amatchedwa mliri wosapatsirana. Chiwerengero cha anthu omwe akudwala matendawa chikuchulukirachulukira chaka ndi chaka, ndipo malinga ndi ziwerengero zosiyanasiyana, amafika kumaiko otukuka mpaka 5-10% yaanthu akuluakulu.

Malinga ndi ziwerengero, masekondi 10 aliwonse, munthu m'modzi padziko lapansi amamwalira ndi zovuta za matenda ashuga, ndipo nthawi yomweyo, matenda ashuga amapangitsa anthu awiri okhala mdziko lapansi. Kumapeto kwa buku lathu, tibwereranso ku ziwonetsero zomwe zili ndi chidziwitso kale, ndikuwunika yemwe angayimbire milandu milandu yomwe chithandizo cha matenda osokoneza bongo sichitha komanso zomwe mungachite kuti matenda ashuga asakhale akuba zaka za moyo wanu.

Sikuti matenda a shuga mwa iwo okha ndi owopsa, koma zovuta zake. Mavuto a shuga angapewe.

Wowerenga wowunikiridwa mwina amadziwa kuti sizoyambitsa matenda a shuga pachokha zomwe zimakhala zowopsa, koma zovuta zake. Izi ndi zowona. Mavuto a matenda ashuga ndiwotsika, nthawi zina amapha, komanso kupewa nthawi yake ndikadzazindikira ndi kulandira chithandizo choyenera ndikofunikira kwambiri.

Nthawi yomweyo palibe kutengeka kwamalingaliro koyambirira kwa matenda ashuga. Munthu samadzimva kuti kagayidwe kazakudya kake "kosweka", ndikupitilizabe kukhala ndi moyo wabwino.

Thupi lathu limagwiritsa ntchito zinthu zosiyanasiyana zotithandiza kuti tisawononge nthawi. Kukhudza mosazindikira chinthu chotentha, timamva ululu ndipo nthawi yomweyo timachotsa dzanja lathu. Timalaulira zipatso zowawa - kukoma kumeneku sikosangalatsa kwa ife, zipatso zapoizoni, monga lamulo, ndizowawa. Zomwe timakumana nazo tikakumana ndi matenda, kuvulala, kuwomba kwambiri, kuwala kwambiri, chisanu ndi kutentha zimatiteteza ku zotsatira zoyipa zomwe zingavulaze thanzi lathu.

Pali mitundu ina ya zoopsa zomwe munthu samamva. Chifukwa chake, mwachitsanzo, sitimva zovuta za radiation. Kuyambika kwa matenda ashuga sikuonekera kwa anthu.

Kuyambika kwa matenda ashuga sikumveka.

Wina anganene kuti: "Sichowona, ndi matenda ashuga, munthu amakhala ndi ludzu kwambiri, amakhala ndi mkodzo wambiri, amachepetsa thupi ndipo amafooka kwambiri!"

Ndizowona, izi ndi zizindikiro zenizeni za matenda ashuga. Osati zoyamba zokha, koma zowopsa kale, zomwe zikusonyeza kuti shuga amawonongeka, mwachitsanzo, kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kumakulitsidwa kwambiri, ndipo motsutsana ndi maziko awa, metabolism imalephera kwambiri. Zizindikiro zoopsa izi zisanachitike, nthawi zambiri zimatenga nthawi kuchokera kumayambiriro kwa matenda ashuga, nthawi zina zaka zingapo, pomwe munthu sokayikira kuti kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi ake ndi okwera kwambiri.

- Pali mizati itatu yomwe chithandizo cha matenda a shuga chimakhazikitsidwa:

• zakudya zoyenera
• zolimbitsa thupi, makamaka pakudya
• ndi mankhwala osankhidwa bwino.

Ngati munthu adya moyenera, akusunthira ndikutsatira malangizo onse a chithandizo, matenda ake a shuga amakwaniritsidwa mokwanira, ndiye kuti, mulingo shuga m'magazi pafupi ndi zoyenera.

Ngati tikulankhula za mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga, choyambirira, timakumbukira za atherosclerosis. Chifukwa chake, sitimapatula mafuta onse a nyama, ndiye kuti, nyama yamafuta, soseji yonse, masoseji, tchizi chamafuta, mafuta amkaka amafuta. Timasinthira chilichonse ku mafuta ochepa. Ndipo, inde, timachotsa zotsekemera zokometseranso, kuti musalemere. Kuphatikiza apo, ndikofunikira kuonetsetsa kuti wodwalayo samatulutsa shuga mwachangu. Mwa anthu otere, maselo samamva bwino glucose, insulin sangathe kupereka glucose mwachangu mu cell, monga momwe zimakhalira pamtundu woyamba. Ndi mtundu wachiwiri, timakumbukira nthawi zonse kuti pali insulin kukana. Chifukwa chake, muyenera kuyesa kupatula maswiti. Chakudya chovuta kwambiri mwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga a 2.

Odwala athu omwe ali ndi mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga ndi achikulire, opitilira 40, abwera kwa adotolo ndi charter chawo. Ndipo adotolo akuti: "Chifukwa chake, timaphwanya chilichonse, tizitaya, chilichonse sichili bwino, muyenera kudya, koma sizomwe mumakonda." Ndizovuta, makamaka kwa amuna omwe amadandaula momwe angakhalire popanda soseji. Kenako ndimawauza kuti: “Mumagula nyama yapa nyama yamtengo wapatali, ndikuikongoletsa ndi zonunkhira, adyo, kuipaka ndi tsabola, kuwonkhetsa, ndi kuipukuta ndi kuphika mu uvuni. M'malo mwake muli soseji. " Chilichonse, moyo ukuyenda bwino. Ndikofunikira kuthandiza munthu kufunafuna zakunja.

- Muyenera kudya maola onse a 2 ndi 2,5, osadikirira pamene mukufuna. Ngati munthu, makamaka wonenepa kwambiri, ali ndi njala, ndizosatheka kale kuwongolera kuchuluka kwa momwe adadyera. Adzakhala ndi "chakudya chochuluka." Chifukwa chake, kuti izi zisachitike, wodwalayo ayenera kudya pang'ono zonse, pomwe amatha kutsata kuti anangodya mabisiketi awiri okha ndi kumwa kapu ya madzi a phwetekere. Ndipo mosakhalitsa, kuyambira m'mawa mpaka madzulo, nthawi yotsiriza theka la ola asanagone usiku. Ili ndi nthano yomwe simungadye pambuyo pa 6. Mukhoza. Ndipo nkofunikira. Funso lokhalo ndiloti ndindani komanso kuchuluka kwake.

Ndikuganiza kuti palibe amene ayenera kuganiza kuti ayenera kupita kwa endocrinologist. Koma ngati munthu ali ndi vuto linalake, ngati china chake chim'vutitsa, ngati alibe kudzuka mwamphamvu, amakhala ndi ululu masana, kumva zina zosasangalatsa (kutulutsa thukuta, malovu akuchepa, kapena, mosiyana, kamwa yowuma), ndiye muyenera kupita kwa GP, kumuuza zonse zomwe zikuvutitsani. Ndipo wothandizirayo adzazindikira ndi kusankha dokotala woti amutumizire wodwalayo.

Olga Demicheva, O. Yu. Demicheva

Bukuli limakula kuchokera pazowunikira za wolemba m'masukulu ashuga komanso mafunso omwe odwala amadzifunsa. Kodi matenda ashuga angachiritsidwe? Ndipo opanda insulini? Kuchokera pamenepo muphunzira kuti ndi ziti mwamaganizidwe olimbikitsa omwe ali ndi matenda ovutikawa omwe amapangidwa pa intaneti komanso chidziwitso chotsimikizika, ndipo ndi malingaliro ati omwe amatsegukira kwa odwala matenda ashuga. Chidziwitso chodalirika, chosakhala choyambirira pazomwe zimayambitsa komanso zomwe zimayambitsa matenda ashuga zimakupatsani mwayi weniweni wokulitsani moyo wanu ngati muli ndi matenda ashuga komanso kupewa matenda ashuga ngati muli pachiwopsezo chotere. Mudzalandira osati chidziwitso chofunikira, komanso chithandizo pansi pa mawu akuti "Dziko lonse lapansi - kutali ndi matenda a shuga."

Kubwereza Kwabwino Kwa Buku

Bukuli lidalembedwa ndi endocrinologist wodziwa zambiri - Olga Demicheva ndipo lili ndi mayankho a mafunso otsatirawa:
1. Kodi matenda a shuga ndi otani (mawonekedwe a matendawa: T1DM, T2DM).
2. Momwe mungakhalire odwala.
3. Momwe mungapewere matendawa kuti mupewe zovuta komanso kufa msanga.
4. Kodi anthu akale adalimbana bwanji ndi matenda ashuga, omwe adapeza insulin, ndi zina zambiri? (mbiri yakuchiza matendawa).
5. Njira zoyenera kuti tisunge matenda.
6. Zinthu zoyipa zomwe zimatsogolera pakukula kwa matendawa (kusowa masewera olimbitsa thupi, kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi, kuyambitsa kunenepa kwambiri, komwe kumapangitsa kuti munthu akhale ndi matenda ashuga a 2).
7. Menyu ya sabata kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a 2.
8. Ubwino ndi zopweteka za shuga ndi zotsekemera.
9. Matenda a shuga ndi pakati.
10. Nthano zotchuka zazokhudza matenda ashuga.
Chokozo chimapereka mawonekedwe a mankhwala.

Palibe yankho lachindunji la funsoli m'bukhu: zoyenera kuchita kwa abale ake odwala ngati kuchuluka kwake kwa shuga kudumpha mwadzidzidzi (kutsika) - akufuna kuti akambirane za algorithm pasadakhale ndi adokotala. Mwanjira ina, bukuli sililoza m'malo opita kwa adokotala - zimaganiziridwanso kuti wachibale amapita ndi wodwala kuti akalandire nthawi ndipo adzafunsa za adokotala mosamala.

Ndinkakonda zomwe zidalembedwa mchilankhulo chofikira, polimbikitsa zolimbikitsa zolimbikitsa.
Sindinakonde kapangidwe kake: Zojambula zochuluka kwambiri za madokotala: zonse pachikuto ndi zolembazo. Inemwini, izi zimandisokoneza ine tanthauzo la zomwe zikuwerengedwa :)
Ndizosangalatsa kuwerenga odwala ndi abale awo, komanso kupewa matenda ashuga.

Bukuli lidalembedwa ndi endocrinologist wodziwa zambiri - Olga Demicheva ndipo lili ndi mayankho a mafunso otsatirawa:
1. Kodi matenda a shuga ndi otani (mawonekedwe a matendawa: T1DM, T2DM).
2. Momwe mungakhalire odwala.
3. Momwe mungapewere matendawa kuti mupewe zovuta komanso kufa msanga.
4. Kodi anthu akale adalimbana bwanji ndi matenda ashuga, omwe adapeza insulin, ndi zina zambiri? (mbiri yakuchiza matendawa).
5. Njira zoyenera kuti tisunge matenda.
6. Zotsatira zoyipa zomwe zimatsogolera pakukula kwa matendawa (kusowa masewera olimbitsa thupi, kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi, kumabweretsa kunenepa kwambiri, komwe kumapangitsa kuti munthu akhale ndi matenda ashuga a 2).
7. Menyu ya sabata kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a 2.
8. Ubwino ndi zopweteka za shuga ndi zotsekemera.
9. Matenda a shuga ndi pakati.
10. Zambiri Zotchuka Zokhudza Shuga ... Wonjezerani