Matenda a mitsempha ya mitsempha

Atherosulinosis ya coronary (coronary) ndi matenda opatsirana, omwe amadziwika ndi mapangidwe a cholesterol plaques m'mitsempha yamtima. Maonekedwe ndi kukula kwa malembawa amakhudzana ndi kuchuluka kwa magazi a mafuta omwe amadziwika kuti ndi "oyipa" m'thupi - cholesterol and lowensens lipoproteins. Momwe timatulutsa timayambira, cholesterol ndi lipoprotein zimayikidwa, zolembazo zimachulukana, zomwe zimapangitsa kutsekeka kwapang'onopang'ono kwa lumen ya mitsempha ya coronary. Chifukwa chake, zonse zomwe zimadziwika ndi matendawa. Ganizirani zomwe zimayambitsa komanso kuchiza kwa coronary atherosulinosis mwatsatanetsatane.

Amayambitsa matenda a mtima

1. Akuluakulu (amuna opitirira zaka 55, akazi woposa zaka 65). Atherosulinosis imayamba pang'onopang'ono zaka zingapo, ndipo pakukalamba, kusintha kwamitsempha yamagazi kumadziwika. Ichi ndichifukwa chake zonse mawonetsedwe azachipatala a atherosulinosis amapezeka pamsika uno.

2. Amuna ndi akazi.
Izi ndizothekanso (zosasinthika) zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a coronary atherosulinosis, omwe tapatsidwa mwachilengedwe. Amuna pankhani yathanzi samatetezedwa kwenikweni ndi chilengedwe kuchokera ku matenda kuposa azimayi. Ma hormone achikazi achikazi (estrogens) ndi chitetezo chodalirika cha mitsempha yamagazi pamavuto osiyanasiyana. Amapangidwa kuchokera ku minofu ya adipose, chifukwa chake kulemera kwakukulu sikofunikira kwenikweni kwa iwo malinga ndi chiwopsezo cha atherosulinosis kuposa amuna.

3. Khalidwe.
Kukhazikika kwa banja (kukhalapo kwa banja la wachibale yemwe ali ndi matenda a atherosulinosis osakwana zaka 55 mwa amuna, mpaka 65 mwa azimayi) ndi njira yowonjezeranso komanso yosasinthika yothandizira kukulitsa kwa coronary arteriosranceosis.

Zinthu zotsatirazi za causative za chitukuko cha atherosulinosis zimasinthika (motero zimaphatikizidwa mu pulogalamu yoletsa matenda).

4. Kusuta.
Nikotine amapanga mitsempha yamagazi, ndipo kusuta kwa nthawi yayitali kumayambitsa kuchepa kwa iwo, komwe kumapangitsa chithunzi cha atherosclerosis ndikuwonjezera ngozi ya zovuta zake.

5. Kunenepa kwambiri.
Kunenepa kwambiri kumalumikizidwa ndi kupuwala kwamafuta kagayidwe komanso chiwopsezo cha kupangika kwa mitsempha m'mitsempha. Komanso, kulemera kwambiri kumawonjezera katundu pamtima, kumathandizira kuwonjezeka kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi, komwe, kumapangitsa kuti wodwalayo akhale ndi vuto ndikuthandizira kukula kwa njira ya pathological ya chitukuko cha atherosulinosis.

6. Hypodynamia.
Hypodynamia (kusowa kwa ntchito zamagalimoto) ndi chiopsezo cha kunenepa kwambiri komanso zimapangitsa kuti magazi azisungika m'mitsempha. Njira zonse zitatu izi - kusagwira ntchito, kunenepa kwambiri komanso thrombosis zimalumikizana bwino ndipo ndi gawo limodzi la pathogenesis (makina opanga chitukuko) a atherosulinosis.

7. Matenda oopsa.
Kuthamanga kwa magazi kumatha kukhala ndi zifukwa zambiri, kuphatikiza zomwe zimakhudzana ndi atherosulinosis. Komabe, kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi katundu wowonjezera pamtima, amasintha m'makoma amitsempha yamagazi, motero, chinthu chinanso pakukula kwa atherosulinosis ndi zovuta zake.

8. Matenda a shuga.
Matenda a shuga imayambitsa masinthidwe a pathological mu khoma la mitsempha, motero, imawerengedwa kuti ndi imodzi mwazinthu zowopsa kwambiri pakukula kwa matenda a atherosulinosis.

9. Dyslipidemia (kuchuluka kwa kuchuluka kwa otsika osalimba a lipoproteins m'magazi, motsutsana ndi maziko a kuchepa kwapachulukidwe lipoproteins). Izi ndizomwe zimayambitsa mwachindunji maonekedwe ndi kukula kwa zolembera zamafuta pamakoma amitsempha yamagazi.

10. Kuzunzidwa kwa shuga.
Zakudya za tsiku ndi tsiku za shuga ndi 25 g. Timalandira shuga osati mu mawonekedwe ake okha, komanso ndi confectionery, makeke, zakumwa. Shuga imawononga molunjika pamakoma a mitsempha. M'malo owonongeka, cholesterol imadziunjikira, pambuyo pake - mafomu olembetsera ndikuwunikira kwa chotengera kumachepa.

Zizindikiro za atherosulinosis yamitsempha yama mtima

Atherosulinosis yamitsempha yama coronary ndiyomwe imayambitsa kukula kwa matenda a mtima, omwe angatengedwe ngati njira yayikulu yowonetsera atherosclerosis. Matendawa amakula pang'onopang'ono, osasinthika komanso osasunthika.

Kudzikundikira kwa cholesterol kukhoma kwa mtsempha kumapangitsa kuti pangidwe ka atherosclerotic plaque. Chidacho chimakula kukula ndipo pang'ono ndi pang'ono chimatsogolera kutsika kwa magazi m'mitsempha. Pambuyo pakusintha kwa zolembazo kukhala mawonekedwe osakhazikika (okhala ndi ming'alu ndi misozi), mapulogalamu othandizira opanga ma cell ndi kupangika kwa magazi pazipangazo zimayambitsidwa. Kuchepetsa gawo la lumen ya mtsempha wamagazi kumabweretsa mawonekedwe a matenda amtima.

Mitundu ya matenda amtima:

1. mawonekedwe a asymptomatic ("osayankhula") a matendawa. Zimachitika popanda chisonyezo.
2. Angina pectoris. Awa ndi mawonekedwe osatha, omwe amadziwonetsera ngati kupuma movutikira komanso kupweteka kumbuyo kwa sternum panthawi yochita masewera olimbitsa thupi komanso kupsinjika.
3. Losakhazikika angina pectoris. Kupezeka kwa kuopsa kwa kupweteka komanso kupuma movutikira, mosasamala kanthu za zifukwa zenizeni, zomwe zikuwonetsedwa ndikuwonjezeka kwa kuchuluka kwa kuchuluka kwa zizindikiro pakapita nthawi.
4. Arrhythmic mawonekedwe a matenda a mtima. Fomuyi imapezeka mu mawonekedwe a mtima arrhythmias, nthawi zambiri amakhala mu mawonekedwe a atrial fibrillation.
5. Myocardial infaration. Umu ndi momwe imfa ya gawo la minofu yamtima imachitikira. Chovuta kwambiri komanso chapafupi kwambiri cha vuto la mtima ndi kupatulidwa kwa magazi kuchokera pakhoma la mtsempha wamagazi ndi kufooka kwa kuwala kwake.
6. Imfa yamwadzidzidzi yamtima. Uku ndikumangidwa kwamtima, chomwe chimapangitsa kutsika kwamphamvu kwa magazi komwe kumabweretsa mtima chifukwa chakutsefuka kwathunthu kwa mtsempha wamagazi kumanzere.

Chizindikiro chachikulu cha myocardial ischemia ndi kupweteka kumbuyo kwa sternum.

Pankhani yakuuma, ikhoza kukhala yosiyana - kuchokera kusakhazikika kofatsa, kumverera kwa kukakamizidwa, kuwotcha pachifuwa mpaka kupweteka kosasunthika ndi infyoction ya myocardial. Zowawa ndi zosasangalatsa zimawonekera kumbuyo kwa sternum, pakati pa chifuwa ndi mkati mwake. Zowawa zimawoneka (zimapereka) kudzanja lamanzere, pansi pa phewa lakumanzere kapena pansi, kupita ku dera la solar plexus. Nsagwada ndi phewa zimapwetekanso. Kuukira kwa angina pectoris nthawi zambiri kumayamba chifukwa cha kupsinjika kwakuthupi (kambiri m'maganizo), kuzizira, chakudya chochuluka - i.e. zonse zomwe zimapangitsa kukulitsa katundu pamtima.

Kuukira kwa angina pectoris kumayimitsidwa pakupuma, pakokha, kapena potenga nitroglycerin.

Angina pectoris amatchedwanso khola la angina pectoris. Fomuyi imadziwika ndi kukhalapo kwa mavuto a kupweteketsa kupweteka kumbuyo kwa sternum ndi radiation kudzanja lamanzere panthawi yamavuto amthupi kapena amakhumudwa.

Pafupipafupi, chiwonetsero choyamba cha matenda a mtima chapamtima chimakhala infernation ya myocardial kapena kufa mwadzidzidzi kwa coronary. Myocardial infaration imawonetsedwa ndi zovuta za zizindikiro zingapo: kupweteka kwakuthwa kwakumbuyo kumbuyo kwa sternum ndi radiation kumanzere ndi kumbuyo, chizungulire, kufooka, kukomoka, kugwa kwa magazi, kusowa kwenikweni kwa kufooka. Ululu umatha pakapita mphindi kapena maola angapo.

Kukhazikika kwa matendawa m'njira yokhala ngati atraya fibrillation kapena extrasystole sikuti ndi chizindikiro cha ischemia. Koma mwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a mtima, extrasystole imakonda kupezeka nthawi yochita zolimbitsa thupi.

Zizindikiro za ischemic cardiomyopathy ndizodziwitsa kulephera kwa mtima kwachikhalidwe chilichonse. Nthawi zambiri uku ndi kupuma movutikira (kumverera kwa kusowa kwa mpweya panthawi yochita masewera olimbitsa thupi kapena kupuma), kupweteka kumbuyo kwa sternum.

Chithandizo cha atherosulinosis yamitsempha yama mtima

Chithandizo cha atherosermosis yamitsempha yama mtima iyenera kukhala yokwanira, yaumwini komanso yokhudza zonse. Kuphatikizika kwa njira zochiritsira kuyenera kuyang'aniridwa ndikuwongolera zinthu zoopsa, kusungitsa zolemba za atherosselotic, ndikugwiritsa ntchito njira yochizira opaleshoni munthawi yake.

Moyo

Pakusintha kwamoyo, zotsatirazi ndizofunikira kwambiri: kukana zizolowezi zoyipa, kukhazikika pakudya pa munthu payekha, kuchepetsa zochitika zovuta, kukhazikitsa pulogalamu yokhayokha yolimbitsa thupi, kusintha kwatsatanetsatane kwa nthawi ya wodwalayo, kukhazikitsa dongosolo lolipira zinthu zakunja (zachilengedwe).

Amapangidwa pamaziko a kuthana ndi mavuto ochepetsa mphamvu yonse ya chakudya cha tsiku ndi tsiku, kusankha zakudya zomwe zimapangitsa kuti anti-sclerotic zotsatira, kuonetsetsa kugwira ntchito mokwanira kwa machitidwe a autophagy komanso antioxidant chitetezo cha thupi.

Pazakudya za antisulinotic zamafuta, pasapezeke 20-25% yazakudya za tsiku ndi tsiku. Zakudya zamafuta ambiri zokhala ndi asidi ndizochepa. Anathetsa kwathunthu kugwiritsa ntchito squash (mafuta a hydrogenated), komanso zinthu zomwe zimakhala nazo zazing'ono (confectionery, pastries, etc.).

Zakudyazo zimawonjezera zomwe zili ndi mafuta a monounsaturated and polyunsaturated acids (nkhuku, nsomba, batala la peanut, mafuta a azitona, mafuta a mpendadzuwa, ndi zina). Kukula kovomerezeka kwa zakudya zamafuta osaphatikizika ndi 15-20% ya zakudya za tsiku ndi tsiku.

Ndikofunika kwambiri kuti muchepetse zakudya zamagetsi zomwe zimapezeka mosavuta (zopangidwa ndi ufa, shuga, khofi, kupanikizana) ndikuwonjezera chakudya "zovuta" zamasamba (masamba, zitsamba, zipatso zopanda tanthauzo) pachakudya. Ndikofunikanso kuwonjezera zamasamba zomwe zimakhala ndi ulusi wambiri ndi ma coarse (kaloti yaiwisi, beets, kabichi, ndi amadyera) kuzakudya.

Zochita zolimbitsa thupi

Katundu wotereyo umachulukitsa kupirira kwa minofu ya mtima, kumawonjezera mamvekedwe amitsempha, kusintha magazi, kumapangitsa kuti kagayidwe ka cholesterol. Nthawi yokwanira yochita masewera olimbitsa thupi - mphindi 30 mpaka 40 nthawi imodzi patsiku. Mitundu yochita zolimbitsa thupi: kuyenda mokhazikika, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi panjinga, zochitira masewera olimbitsa thupi, achire.

Mankhwala a atherosulinosis yamitsempha yama mtima

Pazochita zochizira zochizira matenda amitsempha yama mtima, magulu angapo a mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito: mankhwala omwe amachepetsa magazi a cholesterol (ma statins), othandizira a bile acids, mitundu yayitali ya nicotinic acid, ma fiber, antiplatelet agents, mavitamini, mankhwala oletsa antiscrotic.

Mankhwala othandizira a coronary atherosclerosis

Ndi kuchepetsa kwa lumen kwa chotengera chapamwamba kuposa 70%, pamaso pa angina osakhazikika, myocardial infarction, opaleshoni njira zamankhwala zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Mitundu yogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri yopangira opaleshoni yamadzi yam'mitima yam'mtima: translateuminal coronary angioplasty, aorto-coronary artery bypass grafting, stenting of the chotengera, njira zosavulaza zochotsa mapepala, kuwundana kwa magazi ndikuwonjezera kuunikira kwa chotengera.

Anthu wowerengeka azitsamba zochizira matenda a mtima

Njira zachikhalidwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mosamala kwambiri ndipo atavomerezeka kugwiritsa ntchito ndi adokotala. Nayi maphikidwe otchuka.

1. Thirani supuni ya zipatso za fennel ndi kapu ya madzi otentha, kutentha mumadzi osamba, ozizira, kupsinjika, kufinya ndikubweretsa kuchuluka kwa 200 ml. Tengani supuni 1 katatu patsiku.

2. Uchi wokhala ndi horseradish wokhala ndi ischemia uyenera kutengedwa m'mawa, ola limodzi asanadye. Muyenera kusakaniza supuni imodzi ya horseradish yokazinga ndi supuni imodzi ya uchi (makamaka laimu). Tengani osakaniza ndi madzi. Sakanizani kokha musanagwiritse ntchito. Popewa ischemia, horseradish yokhala ndi njira iyenera kutengedwa mkati mwa miyezi 1-1.5, makamaka mu kasupe ndi yophukira.

3. Sakanizani azungu awiri amkamwa, otenthedwa ndi supuni ziwiri za kirimu wowawasa ndi supuni 1 ya uchi. Idyani zam'mimba zopanda kanthu m'mawa uliwonse.

4. Panthawi ya angina pectoris: 10 g ya udzu wa chithaphwi udzu wothira madzi otentha, kutentha mumadzi osamba kwa mphindi 15, ozizira kwa ola limodzi, kenako kupsyinjika, kufinya ndikubweretsa kuchuluka kwa 200 ml. Imwani 1 / 3-1 / 2 magalasi mukatha kudya.

5. Pakani supuni imodzi ya katsabola mu kapu 1.5 zamadzi otentha ndikuwasiya. Gwiritsani ntchito kulowetsedwa kokonzekera masana ndi angina pectoris.

6. Tengani supuni 6 za zipatso za hawthorn ndi supuni 6 za mamawort, kutsanulira makapu 7 amadzi otentha. Pambuyo pa izi, chotengera chokhala ndi hawthorn ndi mamawort chimakulungidwa mwachikondi ndikuchigulitsanso kwa tsiku limodzi. Finyani, pofinyani ndi kumwa chikho 1 katatu pa tsiku. Kusintha kukomerako, mutha kusakaniza ndi msuzi wamtchire wamtchire, wopangidwa mofananamo.

Kodi zamatenda ndi chiyani?

Mankhwala, atherosulinosis ya m'mitsempha yama coronary imatchedwa matenda amitsempha, omwe amayenda limodzi ndi mapangidwe obisika a lipid pamiyala yamatumbo. Pathology imayamba pang'onopang'ono ndipo nthawi zambiri imapezeka m'magawo apambuyo. Pamtima pavuto pali kusintha kwa kagayidwe ka lipid, momwe miloprotein yambiri imadziunjikira m'magazi. Popita nthawi, zinthuzi zimakhazikika kukhoma lamkati la chotengera - chimayimacho, chifukwa chomwe kuwala kwake kumachepa.

Monga lamulo, atherosulinosis imayambira mu msempha wamitsempha yama coronary, ndiko kuti, zigawo zazikulu kwambiri zamagazi. Malo okhala ndi Lipid amapezeka pafupi ndi nthambi. Njira ya pathological imasokoneza kayendedwe ka magazi, chifukwa chomwe mtima umakhala wopanda mpweya ndi michere. Popeza ntchito ya chiwalo imapitilirabe komanso mwamphamvu, izi zimayambitsa zizindikiro zodwala.

Atherosulinosis ya coronary artery aorta imayamba kuubwana. Komabe, chifukwa chakuti kukula kwa milomo ya lipid kumayamba pang'onopang'ono, manifesto (kufalikira koyamba) matendawa amapezeka pafupi ndi zaka zapuma pantchito - pa zaka 50-55. Ndiye chifukwa chake matendawa nthawi zambiri amatengedwa kuti ndi mnzake wa ukalamba. Komabe, m'zaka zaposachedwa, ziwerengero zamankhwala zawonetsa mtima wokonda ischemia wamtima ndi kufa chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa magazi kwa achinyamata.

Akatswiri a mtima amalimbikitsa kwambiri kuti aziyang'ana ziwiya zawo za atherosulinosis, kuyambira ali ndi zaka 30, ndipo ngati pali chiyembekezo cha matendawa kale.

Kukula kwa matenda

Ndi chisamaliro chathanzi lanu, munthu amatha kuzindikira zoyamba za matenda amitsempha yamagazi m'mimba kale. Izi, malinga ndi akatswiri, ndichizolowezi, makamaka poganizira za moyo wamakono. Zimakonzekera kuwonekera koyambirira kwa zolembera zazikulu za cholesterol m'matumbo omwe amadyetsa minofu ya mtima.

Mukukula kwake, matendawa amadutsa m'magawo angapo, omwe aliwonse amatha zaka makumi angapo:

1. Choyambirira kupita ku chipatala chimayendera limodzi ndi mawonekedwe a cholesterol pang'ono pamafuta a mafuta pamakoma a zotengera. Nthawi zambiri izi zimachitika pomwe nsonga ya mtsempha umawonongeka. Popita nthawi, malo a lipoprotein amasinthidwa kukhala timizeremizere tating'onoting'ono kapena tosunthika, makulidwe ake omwe samaposa ma micons angapo. Zizindikiro zamatenda a coronary atherosulinosis pakadali pano palibe.
2. Gawo lachiwiri lazachipatala la atherosulinosis ya mitsempha ya mtima limayendera limodzi ndi kuwonjezeka kwa milomo ya lipid. Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa makulidwe awo, kuchepa kwa magazi kumaonekera kumtima kumaonekera, makamaka ngati wodwalayo ali ndi vuto. Pakadali pano, ulusi wa fibrin, ma cell ofiira am'magazi omwe amaphatikizika ndi cholesterol plaques, magazi akulu amatha kupanga. Akatswiri amatcha njirayi multifocal atherosulinosis yam'mitsempha yama coronary, yomwe nthawi zambiri imakhala yovuta chifukwa cholekanitsa thrombus ndi kufa. Zizindikiro zake pamenepa zimadziwika kale: pali kugunda kwa mtima komanso kufupika pakulimbitsa thupi, arrhasmia imawonedwa.
3. Gawo lachitatu lomaliza la coronary and coronary arteriosulinosis limayendera limodzi ndi mawonekedwe a plaque chifukwa chowonjezera calcium kwa iyo.Kuwala kwamitsempha yamagazi nthawi yomweyo kumacheperako, makoma amitsempha amawonongeka, samakhala otanuka komanso owonda. Vutoli limaphatikizidwa ndi ululu wokhazikika pansi pa sternum panthawi yamphamvu iliyonse, arrhythmia, nthawi ndi vuto la mtima, kufooka kwathunthu.

Ngakhale kuti mankhwala amakono ali ndi kuthekera kwakukulu kochotsa atherosulinosis, chithandizo chothandiza kwambiri kuzindikira matendawa m'magawo oyamba.

Zizindikiro

Kuzindikiritsa kwa coronary atherosulinosis nthawi zambiri kumachitika pakamayeso a mtima. Dokotala akhoza kukayikira zam'magazi malinga ndi zotsatira za ECG: zizindikiro za ischemia ziziwoneka bwino pamenepo. Kutsimikizira za matendawa pogwiritsa ntchito njira zovuta zodziwira matenda a coronary atherosulinosis. Nthawi zambiri zimaphatikizapo:

• nkhawa scintigraphy, yomwe imakupatsani mwayi kuti muwone malo omwe pali lipid amana, kukula kwake ndi kuchuluka kwa momwe amaphatikizira muline wa chotengera,
• Dopplerography yamitsempha yamagazi kuphatikiza intravascular ultrasound yamitsempha yama coronary, yomwe ndiyofunikira kuzindikira malo amitsempha yamagazi oyenda komanso magazi atagwira ntchito,
• radiology yamitsempha yama mtima ndimasiyana (coronarography), omwe adapangidwa kuti azindikire malo ndi kuchuluka kwa atherosranceotic foci,
• echocardiography yokhala ndi kupsinjika, komwe kumakupatsani mwayi wowona kuphwanya kwa mtima ndi kusintha kwa kayendedwe ka magazi kamene kamawoneka nthawi ndi nthawi, mwachitsanzo, pakukhudzika mtima kapena thupi.

Kuphatikiza apo, mayeso angapo a labotale amachitidwa omwe amakupatsani mwayi kukhazikitsa kuchuluka kwa osalimba a lipoprotein m'magazi.

Matendawa samakhudza gawo limodzi la ziwalo zozungulira magazi. Pozindikira matenda a m'matumbo, kuwunika kwamagulu ena a ziwiya (mutu, miyendo, m'mimba, ndi zina zotero) kungafunike.

Njira zochizira

Njira yothandizira mankhwalawa kumatengera kwathunthu masinthidwe a atherosulinotic ndi zomwe zilipo. Pa gawo loyambirira la coronary artery atherosulinosis, chithandizo chimatanthawuza chithandizo chokhazikika. Kuti mupewe kupititsa patsogolo matendawa, ndikokwanira kusintha moyo:

• lekani kusuta ndi kumwa mowa,
• Sinthani zakudya, chonde, kuphatikiza mafuta a nyama ndi maswiti pamenyu, ndikuzisakaniza ndi ndiwo zamasamba ndi zipatso, nyama yoyera ndi nsomba,
• kuchita nawo masewera olimbitsa thupi otheka - kusambira, yogwiritsa ntchito masewera olimbitsa thupi, masewera olimbitsa thupi kapena kuyenda mpikisano (masewera oyenera komanso kupsinjika kwake ndi komwe madokotala amakumana nawo).

Kuphatikiza polimbitsa mitsempha ya magazi ndi kusintha mulingo wama lipoprotein m'magazi, njirazi zimathandizira kuchepetsa kulemera.

Chizindikiro cha atherosulinosis yamamitsempha yama mtima ndi mankhwala. Odwala omwe ali ndi matenda oterewa amapatsidwa mankhwala ovuta kuti achepetse zamadzimadzi m'magazi. Kuphatikiza pa zakudya zapadera, ma statins amagwiritsidwa ntchito: Atorvastatin, Rosuvastatin, Pitavastatin ndi awo analogues. Mankhwala a gululi amalepheretsa ma enzymes omwe ali ndi vuto la kaphatikizidwe wamafuta owopsa m'mankhwala a hepatocytes. Kuphatikiza apo, amathandizira kubwezeretsa kwina kwamkati kwamitsempha yamagazi. Chifukwa cha malowa, ndiofunikira mu magawo oyamba a atherosulinosis.

Statin sinafotokozeredwe kwa odwala omwe ali ndi vuto lalikulu la chiwindi: hepatosis, hepatitis, chiwindi, kulephera kwa chiwindi.

Kuphatikiza apo, odwala omwe ali ndi coronary atherosulinosis amapatsidwa mankhwala omwe amachepetsa kuchepa kwa okosijeni, kuchepetsa zovuta za kusintha kwa ischemic ndikuchepetsa chiopsezo cha thrombosis. Pachifukwa ichi, mankhwala a magulu angapo amagwiritsidwa ntchito:

• kukonzekera komwe kuli ndi beta-blockers - Bisoprolol, Nebilet, Betalok, Anaprilin,
• Mankhwala oletsa ACE - Enalapril, Lisinopril, Perindopril,
• calcium njira zoletsa - Amlodipine, Amlotop, Diltiazem, Cardilopin,
• magazi kupatulira ndi kupewa thrombosis - Clopidogrel, Aspicore, Aspirin Cardio.

Mlingo ndi kuphatikiza kwa mankhwalawa amasankhidwa ndi dokotala payekhapayekha, poganizira momwe wodwalayo alili, zotsatira za mayeso ndi matenda omwe alipo.

Ngati wodwalayo ali ndi zizindikiro za stenotic atherosulinosis yam'mitsempha yama coronary, muyenera kuchitapo kanthu opaleshoni. Pakukonzekera, njira zosiyanasiyana zimagwiritsidwa ntchito:

• chotupa cham'madzi cham'mphepete mwaulendowu kuti chipangire bedi lochita kupanga mozungulira malo omwe anakhudzidwa ndi mtsempha,
• balloon angioplasty mokakamiza kukulitsa kuunikira kwa mtsempha wamagazi,
• kununkhira kwa mtsempha kuti ukule.

Njira zoterezi zimatha kuthana ndi vutoli mokwera, koma siziletsa kumwa kwa mankhwala omwe adatchulidwa kale.

Kukula kwa coronary atherosulinosis kumatengera kwathunthu kupezeka kwa matendawa komanso kutsatira kwa wodwalayo kutsatira malangizo onse a mtima. Ndi chithandizo chokwanira komanso chokwanira, matendawa amakhala abwino, pomwe zochitika zapamwamba za atherosulinosis zamtima nthawi zambiri zimatha m'mavuto ovuta komanso kufa.

Zoyambitsa Atherosulinosis

Cholinga chachikulu cha kukhazikika kwa coronary atherosulinosis ndi kupezeka kwa cholesterol yokwanira (pafupifupi 6 mmol / l kapena kuposa) m'magazi. Zomwe zingayambitse izi:

• Zakudya zamafuta azinyama zochuluka.
• Kuchepa kwa ntchito ya kagayidwe kachakudya.
• Kulephera kwamatumbo potengera ndi kuchotsedwa kwa zinthu zomwe zimakhala ndimafuta.
• Kukhalapo kwa chibadwa chotsogola kwa coronary arteriosulinosis.
• Kupitilira mu mkhalidwe wamavuto am'maganizo komanso zovuta zina.
• Matenda a shuga.
• Kulephera kwapambuyo pake.
• Kulemera msanga, i.e. kunenepa kwambiri.
• Kuphwanya chapakati mantha dongosolo.
• Moyo wopanda ntchito (i.e. zochitika zolimbitsa thupi).
• Musaiwale zaka za odwala komanso zomwe zimachitika pakati pa amuna ndi akazi. Si chinsinsi kuti munthu wamkuluyo, akamachedwa pang'ono kagayidwe. Kufikira zaka 60, matendawa amapezeka pafupipafupi mwa amuna, mwa akazi, chiopsezo chotenga matendawa chimawonjezeka atayamba kusintha kwa msambo.

• Kuthamanga kwa magazi (i.e. matenda oopsa).

Zindikirani! Atherosulinosis ya coronary aorta imatha kuyambitsidwa ndi zinthu zomwezo monga tafotokozera pamwambapa. Kumbukirani: aorta ndiye mtsempha wamagazi kwambiri womwe uli pamwamba pa vala ya aortic. Kuchokera kwa iye kuti mitsempha iwiri yayikulu (kumanja ndi kumanzere) yamagazi yama coronary imachoka.

Limagwirira kukula kwa atherosulinosis mitsempha

Malo oyambira kukula kwa atherosulinosis kwa msempha wamatumbo ndi mitsempha yowonongeka ndi kuwonongeka kwa endothelium chifukwa cha autoimmune pathologies, kukhudzana ndi mavairasi ndi mabakiteriya, komanso thupi lawo siligwirizana. Ndi malo awa omwe ma deposits amafuta amapangika. Popita nthawi, amakhala ochulukirachulukira, chifukwa nthawi zonse pamakhala kuchuluka kwa "zomangamanga". Zotsatira zake, minofu yolumikizana imapangidwa m'matumbo, omwe amachititsa kuti minyewa ya minyewa ya m'mimba ndi ya m'mimba, itulukidwe, kulephera kwa kayendedwe ka magazi m'deralo ndipo, chifukwa chake, matenda akulu a chiberekero (mwachitsanzo, matenda a mtima kapena infarction ya myocardial). . Ndiye kuti pamaso pa cholesterol zolembera, pali njira ziwiri zomwe zingapangitse matenda: woyamba - chotengera chimayenda pang'onopang'ono koma motsimikizika mpaka kufalikira kwake komaliza, chachiwiri - thrombus, itafika pazambiri zake zochulukirapo, imangophwanya ndipo potero imaletsa kuyenda kulikonse kwa magazi kudzera m'mitsempha. Onsewa ndi oyipa kwambiri.

Ndani ali pachiwopsezo

Ndani amene amatengera zakuthambo kwa minyewa ya ziwongo ndi mitsempha yamatumbo? Pali gulu lina la anthu lomwe limakhala ndi mwayi wopezeka ndi matupi awo. Gulu ili ndi omwe:

• Kumakhala moyo wongokhala, ndiye kuti, nthawi zonse amakhala pansi kapena kunama. Zotsatira zake, kusokonekera kwa magazi kumachitika m'thupi ndipo, chifukwa chake, cholesterol imakhazikika pamakoma amitsempha yamagazi.
• Ali ndi cholesterol yayikulu.

Kumbukirani! Cholesterol ochulukirapo m'mwazi, umakhala pachiwopsezo cha kuchuluka magazi.

• Amadwala matenda ashuga. Metabolism ndi chimodzi mwazomwe zimayambitsa matenda.
• Ndi onenepa kwambiri.

• Kudya mosayenera. Ndiye kuti, mchere wambiri ndi mafuta a nyama amapezeka muzakudya.
• Ili ndi kuthamanga kwambiri (izi zimapangitsa kuwonongeka kwa makoma amitsempha yamagazi).
• Nthawi zambiri amasuta kwambiri.

Zizindikiro za matendawa

Zizindikiro zonse kuti kufalikira kwa magazi mu mtima sikuli muyezo kumagawika m'magulu awiri - ischemic komanso yonse. Zoyambazo zimakhudzana mwachindunji ndi ntchito ya minofu ya mtima, ndipo zomalizazi zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi kuchepa kwa magazi m'magawo osiyanasiyana a thupi.

Mwa zisonyezo za ischemic, ndikofunikira kuwonetsa izi:

• Kukhalapo kwa chingwe cha minofu ya mtima, komwe kali kosiyana ndi kwazonse. Izi zimachitika chifukwa choti ndimagazi osakwanira mtima umayamba kugwira ntchito "yopanda pake".

• Pali kuwonjezeka kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi chifukwa cha kupindika m'mitsempha yama coronary.
• Zowopsa zamkati mwa wodwala zimayambitsa mavuto ndi minyewa yamtima. Kugunda kumawonjezeka, ndipo kuchuluka kwa testosterone kumawonjezeka, komwe kumangokulitsa zinthu.

Zizindikiro zamatumbo amtundu wa chilengedwe:

• Kupuma pang'ono, komwe kumawonedwa koyamba kwa kuukira.
• Chizungulire chifukwa cha kusakwanira kwa magazi.
• Kulephera kwa mtima wamanjenje.
• Kukhalapo kwa zowawa (zowotcha komanso zopondereza) mu sternum, zomwe zimatha kuperekera phewa lakumbuyo kapena kumbuyo. Monga lamulo, zimawonekera pakulimbitsa thupi, ndipo zimalumikizidwa ndi kusowa kwa mpweya m'mtima.

• Kuchulukitsa mantha.
• Kutaya chikumbumtima.
• Kuzizira kumamveka m'miyendo (miyendo ndi mikono).
• Kutupa.
• Lethargy ndi kufooka.
• Mkhwawa, nthawi zina amasintha kukhala kusanza.
• Kuchepa kwa khungu.

Zofunika! Pa gawo loyamba lachitukuko, atherosulinosis ya ziwiya zamitsempha yama coronary samadziwonetsa mwanjira iliyonse. Zizindikiro zoyambirira zimawonekera pokhapokha pomwe zolembera zimayamba kuchuluka ndikuwoneka gawo la kuwunikira kwamatumbo. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuti mupimidwe pafupipafupi, makamaka kwa anthu omwe ali pachiwopsezo.

Magawo akulu a atherosulinosis

Magawo akuluakulu omwe matendawa amatenga nthawi yayitali amatha kutenga zaka makumi ambiri ndipo pakakhala kulimbana kulikonse ndi matendawa kumabweretsa zotsatirapo zoyipa. Pali magawo asanu a atherosulinosis:

• Gawo la Dolipid. Amadziwika ndi kudziunjikira kwamapuloteni ena ophatikizika ndi lipids mu minofu yosalala. Munthawi imeneyi, pali kuwonongeka kwa ma membala am'mimba, mapangidwe a magazi (m'mapangidwe ake ndi ofewa), kuchepa kwa minofu yolimba, komanso kupanga kwa collagen m'thupi. Pakadali pano, ndizotheka kubwerera kwachikhalidwe ngati mumatsatira zakudya zoyenera komanso moyo wathanzi.
• Gawo la Lipoid. Wodwala samawonetsa nkhawa iliyonse, ngakhale kuti kukula kwina kwa minofu yolumikizika kumachitika. Panthawi imeneyi, thupi limachulukirachulukira.
• Gawo la liposulinosis. Fomu yathunthu yazizindikiro.

• Gawo la atheromatosis. Pakadali pano, kuwonongeka kwa atherosulinotic plaques, mitsempha yamagazi, minofu yamatumbo ndi minofu yolumikizana imachitika. Zotsatira zake, kusokonezeka kwa kayendedwe kazinthu zamagetsi kumachitika. Kutaya kwa magazi muubongo.
• Gawo la kuwerengera. Chikwangwani cholimba chimawonedwa pamipanda, ndipo zombozo zimakhala zopanda pake ndikuwonongeka kwathunthu ndi mawonekedwe.

Atherosulinosis ya ziwalo za ziwalo za mu mtima

Matendawa amatha kutalika kwa nthawi yayitali asymptomatic kapena mawonekedwe ofatsa. Chipatalachi chimayamba kuwonedwa pokhapokha ngati zolengedwa zamtundu wa cell atasokoneza kale magazi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ischemia ndi kuwonongeka kwamitsempha ku ubongo (ndiye kuti discirculatory encephalopathy). Zotsatira zake, mwina kusokonezeka kwakanthawi kapena kuwonongeka kwakukuru kwa minofu kumachitika.

Pali magawo atatu a atherosmithosis aorta a coronary cerebral vyombo:

• Choyamba. Awa ndi gawo loyambirira, lomwe limadziwika ndi zizindikiro monga kufooka kwathunthu, kutopa, kuperewera, kupweteka mutu, kulephera kukhazikika, tinnitus, kuchepa kwa malingaliro ndi kusakwiya.
• Wachiwiri. Ili ndi gawo lopita patsogolo, lomwe limadziwika ndi kuwonjezeka kwa kusokonezeka m'maganizo. Wodwalayo amakhala ndi mkhalidwe wopsinjika, kugwedezeka kwa zala kapena mutu, mavuto amakumbukiro, kumva ndi kuwona, kupweteka kwa mutu, tinnitus wosasunthika, mayendedwe osagwirizana, kuyankhula kosamveka, kukayikira ndi nkhawa zimawonedwa.
• Chachitatu. Pakadali pano, wodwalayo amakhala akuphwanya zolankhula, osasamala mawonekedwe ake (kutanthauza kuti alibe chidwi), amatha kukumbukira ndi kutaya maluso ake.

Chithandizo cha matenda amitsempha ya m'magazi ndi njira yayitali ndipo sichingayambitse kuchiritsidwa kwathunthu. Zowona, chifukwa chachipatala chokhazikika komanso chovuta, kuchepa kwina pakukonzekera kwa matenda athupi kumatheka.

Pali njira zingapo zochitira opaleshoni njira zochizira matenda:

• Opaleshoni yam'mimba (i.e., opaleshoni yam'mimba ya pulasitiki), yomwe imalola kuti magazi azitha kudutsa m'dera lomwe lakhudzidwa.
• Endarterectomy, pomwe amachotsa zolembera za atherosulinotic ndi kusintha kwa minofu ya chotengera.
• Extra-intracranial anastomosis (ndiko kuti, kulumikizana kwamkati mwazinthu zamkati wa carotid ndi gawo lake lakunja).
• Kuchotsa dera lomwe lakhudzidwa ndi mtsempha wamagetsi (i.e., lotsekedwa ndi cholembera cha atherosselotic) ndikuikonzanso ndikukhazikitsa chikhazikitso chaumboni (i.e., prosthetics of the brachiocephalic trunk).
• Carotid endarterectomy. Chifukwa cha opaleshoni, kuyang'ana kwamkati mwa mtsempha wama carotid kumachitika.

Kupewa

Pofuna kuthana ndi matenda a coronary atherosulinosis, njira zingapo zodzitetezera ziyenera kuchitidwa:

• Chepetsa thupi pafupipafupi ndi masewera olimbitsa thupi (mwachitsanzo, kuyenda, kusambira, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kapena kungokumbira mabedi m'munda mwanu). Chofunikira kwambiri ndikuyenda kambiri.
• Chithandizo cha nthawi iliyonse chomwe muli nacho. Zingakhale zabwino ngati mutapita kukaonana ndi mtima kamodzi pazaka zingapo.

• Yesetsani kupewa zinthu zovuta kapena kuti musamazipeze. Kuledzera kwamtundu uliwonse wama maganizo kumavulaza thanzi.
• Ngati ndinu wonenepa kwambiri, onetsetsani kuti mulimbana naye.
• Yesani kusinthasintha zochitika zolimbitsa thupi.
• Zakudya zoyenera ndizofunikira kwambiri thanzi. Zofunika kuchita? Kanani mafuta a nyama, mazira, batala, mkaka wokhala ndi mafuta ambiri, kirimu wowawasa, komanso nyama ndi nsomba zamitundu yamafuta. Masamba ndi zipatso ndiolandilidwa.
• Siyani kusuta ndikumwa zakumwa zoledzeretsa.
• Yendani pafupipafupi mumlengalenga watsopano.
• Gwiritsani ntchito maphikidwe a mankhwala azikhalidwe.

Zindikirani! Ngati atherosulinosis yayamba kale, ndiye yesani kuchedwetsa kupita patsogolo kwake. Tsatirani malangizo a dokotala pokhudzana ndi mankhwala ndi moyo. Ngati kuchitidwa opaleshoni ndikosapeweka, ndiye osazengereza.

Kufotokozera kwamatumbo a chotupa m'mimba

Njira yopanga mapanga a lipid imakhudzana mwachindunji ndizochuluka zamafuta oyipa mthupi - cholesterols, zomwe zimakonda kudziunjikira ndikukhazikika pamakoma amitsempha yamagazi.

Pakakhala zochuluka kwambiri za zigawozi, lumen m'matumbo amayamba kuchepa, chifukwa pomwe magazi amasokonekera ndipo minofu ischemia imachitika - kuchepa kwa mpweya ndi michere.

Atherosulinosis imatha kuwoneka m'mitundu yosiyanasiyana:

• thoracic ndi m'mimba msempha,
• bongo
• mitsempha yaimpso,
• ziwiya za m'munsi.

Komabe, choopsa kwambiri ndikugonjetsedwa kwa ziwiya zama coronary, chifukwa kupanga kwa angina pectoris kumachitika, chifukwa chomwe kuphatikizana kwa myocardial kumatha kuchitika.

Kukula kwa atherosclerosis kumaphatikizapo magawo angapo:

1. Gawo la banga - mafuta amayamba kuyikiridwa kukhoma la minyewa ngati microdamages itachitika ndikuyenda kwa magazi kuchepa. Ulusi wamitsempha chifukwa cha izi umayamba kutupa ndikumasuka - izi zimachitika m'malo a nthambi yama chombo. Kutalika kwa sitejiyi ndizosiyana, mutha kupeza zowonetsera ngakhale mwa mwana wazaka chimodzi. Madontho amatha kuyesedwa ndi ma microscope.
2. Gawo la liposulinosis - m'malo omwe mumapezeka mafuta, minyewa yong'ono yolumikizira imayamba kukula, mitundu ya atheroscrotic plaque. Pakadali pano, chidacho sichingasinthidwepo ngati madzi ndipo chimatha kusungunuka, koma sizotetezeka, chifukwa malo otayirira amatha kuphulika, ndipo chidutswa cha zolembedwacho chingatsekeke chidziwitso cha dzala. M'malo omwe zolembera zimakhazikikidwira, chotengera chimakhala chilonda komanso zokhala ndi inelastic, zomwe zingayambitse thrombosis.
3. Gawo la atherocalcinosis - Pakapita nthawi, zolembazo zimayamba kukhala zochulukirapo ndipo mchere wa calcium umayikidwamo. Ili ndiye gawo lomaliza la mapangidwe a zolembera - tsopano ndi yolimba komanso yolimba pang'onopang'ono, zomwe zimakhudza kuwonongeka pang'onopang'ono kwa magazi.

Atherosulinosis imasiyanitsidwa ndi kuchuluka kwa kuchepetsa kwa mitsempha:

• osaneneka - pamene lumen imachepetsedwa ndi osakwana 50%,
• stenosing - lumen imachepetsedwa ndi oposa 50% ndipo izi zimawonetsedwa ndi zizindikiro.

Kutengera mitundu ya mitsempha ndi nthambi zake, mitundu yotsatirayi ya atherosulinosis imasiyanitsidwa:

• thunthu la kumanzere kwamatumbo,
• mtsempha wam'manja
• anterior interventricular nthambi ya kumanzere kwa ziwalo zam'mimba,
• envulopu nthambi ya kumanzere kwa korona.

Zifukwa zazikulu

Zomwe zimayambitsa kupangika kwa atherosulinosis m'mitsempha yama coronary ndi mazana angapo, koma zotsatirazi ndizowona zofala kwambiri, zomwe zitha kugawidwa m'magulu angapo:

1. Zakufa - sangathe kutengera chiwonetsero chachipatala:
   • zaka - nthawi zambiri matendawa amapangidwa mwa amuna azaka zopitilira 45,
   • kutengera kwa chibadwa - mwachitsanzo, sitima zokhala bwino, zotupa ndi zina zotere,
   • jenda - azimayi satenga kachilombo ka atherosulinosis, popeza ali ndi estrogen, mahomoni omwe amathandiza kuteteza mitsempha ya magazi. Koma akasiya kubereka, zinthu zimasintha kwambiri, ndipo mayiyu ali pachiwopsezo chotenga matendawa.
2. Kutaya - Nthawi zambiri izi ndi zizolowezi ndi moyo wa munthu, momwe angachitire izi:
   • zizolowezi - zimakhudza kapangidwe ka atherosulinosis m'mitsempha yama coronary, nikotini imabweretsa zotsatira zoyipa,
   • kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi - atherosclerosis imakula msanga ngati munthu wadya mafuta ambiri anyama,
   • kusowa kwa masewera olimbitsa thupi - ntchito yokhala pansi, moyo wokhazikika womwe umakhudza metabolism yamafuta, yomwe imayambitsa kunenepa kwambiri, matenda ashuga ndi mtima.
3. Zingachotse pang'ono - awa ndi matenda kapena zovuta zomwe zitha kuwongoleredwa kapena kuchiritsidwa:
   • matenda ashuga - amathandizira njira zonse mthupi,
   • matenda oopsa a m'magazi - ngati wodwala ali ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi, makoma amitsempha amayamba kudzaza ndi mafuta, chifukwa chake amayamba kupanga ziwonetsero,
   • matenda ndi kuledzera - zimathandizira kukulitsa kwa atherosulinosis, kukhala ndi zowonongeka pamakoma a mitsempha yamagazi,
   • dyslipidemia - pali kuwonjezeka kwa cholesterol, triglycerides ndi lipoproteins, komwe kumabweretsa kuphwanya mafuta kagayidwe komanso mapangidwe a atherosclerosis.

Wodwala asanakhazikitse mawonekedwe alionse azachipatala, nthawi ya asymptomatic idzakhalapo kwa nthawi yayitali, chifukwa amakhulupirira kuti kuyambira zaka 30, anthu ambiri amasintha atherosulinotic.

Zizindikiro za coronary artery atherosulinosis zikuphatikizira izi:

• kupweteka kwakuthwa ndi kuyaka pachifuwa, komwe kumamveka kumbuyo kapena phewa lakumanzere,
• dyspnea ululu wammbuyo
• chizungulire
• kutsegula m'mimba
• kusanza

Zizindikiro izi zimatha kupezeka mwa 50% ya odwala matenda asanafike pamtima. Zizindikiro zazikulu zikuphatikiza:

• arrhythmia - kusintha pamlingo wazomwe zimachitika mu mtima,
• angina pectoris - amapezeka pamaso pa kulimbitsa thupi ndi kupsinjika,
• mtima - mapangidwe a zolumikizana minofu, amene pang'onopang'ono m'malo minofu, amene amayambitsa contractility ya myocardium.

Mankhwala

Chithandizo cha mankhwala osokoneza bongo chimaphatikizanso kugwiritsa ntchito magulu ena a mankhwala, monga:

Mankhwala ochepetsa lipid - Cholinga chawo chachikulu ndikuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa cholesterol m'magazi. Kuchokera pagululi la mankhwala litha kutumikiridwa:

Madera - Mankhwala othandiza kwambiri kuchepetsa mafuta m'thupi, chifukwa amachepetsa kapangidwe kake m'thupi. Mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito usiku, monga kupanga cholesterol kumachuluka usiku. Kugwiritsa ntchito kwawo kungapangitse kuti chiwindi chichepe.
Simvastatin, Pravastatin ndi Lovastatin ndi mankhwala - mankhwala okhala ndi chilengedwe, chomwe chimakhala chofunikira kwambiri pa bowa.
Fluvastatin, Atorvastatin ndi Rosuvastatin amalembanso - ndi mankhwala opangidwa. Ali ndi kutchulidwa kwama hypolipidemic.
Ma Statin amakhalanso ndiubwino zingapo:

• Amasungunula miyala ya cholesterol,
• chepetsa kupendekera,
• chepetsani kudzipatula kwa ma cell.

Mankhwala a hemorrhagic - samagwiritsidwa ntchito kokha pakuchepetsa magazi, komanso kuwongolera kuchuluka kwa magazi m'mitsempha yamagazi, komanso kukonza kayendedwe ka magazi (Curantil, Warfarin, Fenilin).

Mankhwala a antihypertensive - ayenera kusankhidwa mosamala, popeza ena amatha kusokoneza metabolidi ya lipid. Oyenera kulandira chithandizo, mwachitsanzo, Olmesartan - ali ndi anti-atherosulinotic zotsatira zosiyanasiyana magawo a matenda, mosaganizira zaka za wodwalayo.

Atherosulinosis ya kusintha kwamitsempha yamagazi

Kutengera kuchuluka kwake kwa mitsempha, mitundu yotsatana ya atherosulinosis ilipo:

• osakhala stenosing (lumen ya chotengera imachepetsedwa ndi ochepera 50%, samadziwonetsa yekha),
• stenosing (kuunikira kwa chotengera kumachepetsedwa ndi oposa 50%, pali mawonetsedwe azachipatala).

Ndikofunikira kumvetsetsa kuti, makamaka, kusankhidwa kumeneku sikofunikira pachipatala, chifukwa odwala nthawi zambiri amapita kwa dokotala kuti akathandizidwe ndi matchulidwe am'magazi a mtima, ndiko kuti, ndi stenosing atherosulinosis. Tiyeneranso kudziwa kuti kudziwika ngati kumeneku kungachitike pokhapokha ngati pakufufuzidwa mwaluso, ndikuwonetsedwa mwachindunji ndi zolembazo.

Kutengera mitsempha ndi nthambi zake, zomwe zimadzichotsera kusintha kwa atherosulinotic, gulu la anatomical limasiyanitsidwa:

• atherosranceosis thunthu lamanzere coronary mtsempha wamagazi,
• atherosulinosis ya anterior interventricular nthambi ya kumanzere kwa ziwalo zam'mimba,
• atherosclerosis ya envelopu ya nthambi ya kumanzere kwa ziwalo zam'mimba,
• atherosulinosis yamitsempha yama coronary.

Kupezeka kwa atherosulinosis kumadziwika;

• zopezeka kumtunda (kumtunda, pakati, kumtunda kwa chotengera),
• sokoneza.

Zimayambitsa atherosulinosis, zinthu zoopsa

Chochitika chosatsutsika cha atherosulinosis sichinakhazikitsidwe, koma pali kulumikizana mwachindunji pakati pa matendawa, kufa kwa matenda a mtima komanso kuchuluka kwa mafuta m'thupi. Chifukwa chake, chofunikira kwambiri kuchipatala ndikuwonjezereka kwa cholesterol yoposa 5 mmol / L ndi lipoprotein yotsika kuposa 3 mmol / L.

Chofunikanso kwambiri ndi kukhalapo kwa vuto la mtima, komwe pamodzi ndi dyslipidemia kumabweretsa chitukuko cha matenda a mtima chifukwa cha coronary arteriosranceosis. Zowopsa kwambiri zomwe zaperekedwa pansipa.

Zomwe sizinasinthidwe:

• okalamba (amuna opitirira zaka 55, azimayi oposa zaka 65),
• amuna
• Mbiri ya mabanja (kukhalapo kwa banja la wachibale yemwe wapezeka ndi matenda ochepera zaka 55, mwa amuna, mpaka 65 mwa akazi).

Zomwe zasinthidwa:

• kusuta
• kunenepa
• kusowa kwa masewera olimbitsa thupi
• ochepa matenda oopsa
• matenda ashuga
• dyslipidemia (kuchuluka kwa otsika osachulukitsa lipoproteins ndi kuchepa kwapachulukidwe lipoproteins),
• kumwa mowa.

Kulamulira kwa atherosclerosis ndi zida zamagetsi

Masiku ano, pali zida zambiri zomwe zimatha kuwerengera magazi kunyumba. Tonse tikudziwa za glucometer, omwe amayesa shuga m'magazi, kukhala ofunikira kwambiri kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga, okhudza mayeso othamanga kuti adziwe kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin mu anemia. Koma kwa odwala omwe ali ndi mbiri ya mtima ndi atherosulinosis, kapena kwa anthu omwe amatsatira zakudya ndikuwongolera kuchuluka kwa mafuta, chosakanizira chamtundu wa magazi chosinthika chapangidwa, chomwe, kuwonjezera pazowonetsa pamwambapa, chimatsimikizira kuchuluka kwa cholesterol, otsika kachulukidwe lipoproteins ndi triglycerides. Koma matekinoloje a labotale sawaletsa, mwachitsanzo, mainjiniya aku Univesite ya Cornell ku USA adapanga khadi yanzeru ndikupanga mawonekedwe omwe amakupatsirani muyeso wa cholesterol kuchokera ku smartphone yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito zinthu zamwazi monga magazi, malovu, ndi thukuta. Chipangizochi chimaphatikizapo khadi yanzeru yomwe imalumikiza kamera ya smartphone ndi zingwe zoyeserera. Khadi lanzeru lili ndi kung'ala komwe kumapangika komwe kumawunikira mzere woyesera womwe umayikidwa mu chipangizocho.

Ntchito yomwe idayikidwa pafoni imawonetsera kuchuluka ndi kusintha kwa mitundu pamikwamba ndikusintha chidziwitsochi ngati chida chazithunzi cha smartphone. Madivekitala akuti chipangizochi chokhala ndi kulondola kwakukulu kumatsimikizira kuchuluka kwa cholesterol, kupempha kuyesetsa pang'ono ndi nthawi ya izi - miniti imodzi. Chifukwa chake, zida zoterezi zidzakhudza kwambiri kupewa kwa atherosulinosis, kuzindikira kwake koyambirira ndi kuwongolera chithandizo - aliyense angayang'ane kuchuluka kwa cholesterol yawo atagona pabedi.

Coronary Artery Atherosranceosis Chithandizo

Atherosulinosis ndi matenda omwe amatha kupewedwa kapena kuchedwetsa nthawi yake kuti awonekere. Izi zitha kuchitika mosavuta ngati mumatsatira njira zosavuta zopewera, komanso chithandizo cha atherosulinosis:

• yang'anirani ndi kuchepetsa zoopsa,
• kuneneratu ndi kuwongolera zolembera za atherosselotic, ayankhe panthawi yake kudzipatula,
• apamwamba kwambiri komanso munthawi yake.

Pomaliza

Samalirani thanzi lanu, makamaka mtima wanu. Kuphatikiza apo, zamatsenga monga atherosulinosis ya mitsempha ya m'mimba imadziwonetsera muulemerero wake wonse pakapita nthawi. Matendawa ndi ovuta kuchiza, koma amatha kuimitsidwa, ndipo nthawi zina amatha kukwaniritsa zinthu zabwino. Kumbukirani: chinthu chachikulu ndikuyambitsa chithandizo cha coronary arteriosulinosis munthawi. Zaumoyo kwa inu ndi okondedwa anu!

Ndikuluma

Njirayi imagwiritsidwa ntchito kubwezeretsa patency yamitsempha. Stent - chimango ndi waya woonda kwambiri wamitundu yosiyanasiyana, wopangidwa ndi ma alloys apamwamba komanso apamwamba kwambiri. Ikaikidwa mkati mwa mtsempha wopendekera, stent imakulitsa lumenayo ndikukhonzanso bedi lamitsempha. Ubwino wa njirayi ndi:

• mchitidwewu umakhala wopanda zopweteka komanso wowopsa.
• amathandizira kukonza mathedwe a matenda ambiri a mtima,
• imagwidwa ndi chopumira chaching'ono, chomwe chimakhudza kuchira,
• atachitidwa opaleshoni, mumangofunika masiku awiri kuchipatala.

Ngati opareshoniyo sanakonzekere mwachangu, wodwalayo amafunikira kuchita maphunziro angapo azachipatala kuti adziwe zomwe zingachitike.

Kenako baluni imasungunuka ndikuchotsa pamodzi ndi catheter, ndipo zonunkhira zowongoka zimatsalira, potero zimalepheretsa kuti chombocho chisachepenso komanso kuonetsetsa kuti magazi akusunthidwa. Pakachitika kuti zombo zingapo zomwe zakhudzidwa zapezeka, ma stenti angapo amaikidwanso. Kumapeto kwa kuchotseredwa, kuvala kwamisala kumayikidwa kumapeto kwa opaleshoni.

Pambuyo pa opaleshoni, wodwala amafunika kupuma kwa maola angapo. Pankhani ya zabwino zabwino, wodwalayo atha kuchotsedwa tsiku lotsatira.

Opaleshoni yam'mimba

Iyi ndi njira yomwe cholinga chawo ndikusoka maselo apadera a mtima kuti mtima ukhale ndi magazi ambiri. Zimathandizira kupanga njira zowonjezera zamagazi kupita kumtima.
Pali njira zingapo zochitira opaleshoni ya coronary bypass - ndi kumangidwa popanda mtima. Kuti mumvetsetse malo angati m'thupi la wodwalayo, angiography ya coronary imachitika.

Kutalika kwa ntchito ndi maola 4-5, kutengera kuchuluka kwa mitsempha yodutsa. Wodwalayo akapezeka kuti alibe mankhwala, madokotala ochita opaleshoni amayamba kukonza mitsempha yomwe idzagwiritse ntchito ngati zitseko.

Pali mitundu ingapo ya iyo - ya thoracic artery imagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri, koma pakhoza kukhalanso yoyang'anira. Ngati mtundu wachiwiri ukugwiritsidwa ntchito, ndiye kuti pambuyo pa opaleshoni wodwalayo adzafunikira kutenga calcium blockers kwa miyezi ingapo, popeza mankhwalawa amathandiza kuti mitsempha isatseguke.

Wopangira opaleshoniyo akamaliza kulumikiza zikwama, zida zopumira zapakhomo zimazimitsidwa ndipo mtima umayamba kugunda wokha. Asanatseke pachifuwa ndi waya wapadera, ma elekitirodi osakhalitsa amakhazikika pamtima kuti asangalatse magetsi pamtima mpaka atatsitsimuka. Pambuyo pa opaleshoni, wodwalayo amamuthamangira kumalo osamalidwa kwambiri kapena kosamalidwa kwambiri ndikuwawonedwa masiku ena awiri.

Maphikidwe a anthu

Zochizira atherosclerosis, mankhwala achikhalidwe amagwiritsidwanso ntchito:

• Mphesa ili ndi katundu wa antisulinotic komanso tonic, ndi pectin, yemwe amapezeka mu michere ya mphesa, amathandizira kuchepa mafuta m'thupi komanso kutsekeka kwa mitsempha yotseka.
• Sitiroberi wamtchire. Amachotsa mchere owonjezera ndi cholesterol.Tengani 20 g pansi sitiroberi masamba, kutsanulira kapu ya madzi otentha ndi kuwira kwa mphindi 5 mpaka 10, ndiye kuti izi zitheka kwa maola 2 ndikuvutikira. Tengani supuni katatu patsiku.
• Melissa - Zothandiza mwatsopano kapena zouma, mutha kukonzanso decoction. Pezani iye supuni 1 ya udzu ndikumuthira kapu imodzi ya madzi otentha, ndipo aisire pang'ono, pambuyo pake mumatha kumwa kamodzi patsiku.

Mavuto ndi udzu

Ndi atherosulinosis, zovuta zotsatirazi zingachitike:

• myocardial infaration
• sitiroko
• zilonda zam'mimba, zilonda zam'mimba,
• ngozi yamatenda,
• angina pectoris, kulephera kwa mtima.

Izi zimatanthauzanso malo komanso kuuma kwake. Nthawi zambiri zimatengera moyo wa wodwala. Ngati mutsatira malamulo ena ndi malingaliro, chotsani zomwe zitha kukhala zoopsa, kumwa mankhwala, ndiye kuti matendawo amapeza mtundu wabwino. Ngati kukula kwa zovuta zamagazi kumachitika, ndiye kudziwikiratu kumakula.