Kodi - chabwino - komanso - cholesterol ndi chiyani, kodi muyezo wake ndi chiani ndi momwe mungakhalirere bwino?

Cholesterol ikhoza kukhala yosiyana. Imodzi imateteza thupi ku kukula kwa atherosclerosis, inayo imathandizira kuti mapangidwe a cholesterol plaque. Pamene kukhazikika kwawo m'mwazi kuli koyenera, munthu amakhala wathanzi ndipo akumva bwino. Nkhaniyi ifotokoza za mafuta a cholesterol abwino ndi oyipa, ntchito za chidutswa chilichonse ndi zotsatira zakusokoneza moyenera.

Mfundo yogawa cholesterol kuti ikhale yabwino (HDL) komanso yoyipa (LDL)

Mafuta amalowa m'matumbo am'mimba ndipo amawonongeka ndi michere ya pancreatic m'matumbo ang'onoang'ono kukhala triglycerides. Mwanjira imeneyi, amazilowetsa m'magazi. Koma mafuta samasakanikirana ndi zamadzimadzi ndipo samatha kuyenda momasuka kudzera m'magazi. Kuphatikiza apo, zimayenera kuperekedwa kwa chiwindi. Ndi pomwepo kuti kusintha kwa triglycerides kukhala cholesterol kumachitika. Mwa mawonekedwe ake okha ndi omwe ma lipids amakakamizidwa ndi zimakhala, zomwe amagwiritsa ntchito ngati chida chomangira komanso mphamvu.

Mafuta akangophwanyidwa ndikulowa m'magazi, amaphatikizana ndi mapuloteni. Maofesi apamtunda amapangidwa - lipoproteins. Awa ndi matumba okhala ndi mamolekyulu amafuta, pamwamba pawo pali mapuloteni - ma receptor. Amayang'anira maselo a chiwindi. Izi zimawalola kuperekera mafuta molondola kumalo omwe akupita. Momwemonso, lipids iliyonse yowonjezera kuchokera m'magazi imatengedwa kupita ku chiwindi.

Awa ndi ma lipoproteins “abwino”, amatchedwanso cholesterol “yabwino”. Amatchedwa HDL (high density lipoproteins).

Palinso LDL ndi VLDL (lipoproteins yotsika komanso yotsika kwambiri) - cholesterol "yoyipa". Awa ndi matumba omwewo okhala ndi mamolekyulu amafuta, koma ma protein a protein samapezeka pamwamba pawo. Cholinga choika lipoprotein otsika kwambiri komanso ochepa kwambiri - ena. Amakhala ndi cholesterol, yomwe imapangidwa ndi chiwindi, mthupi lonse.

Ngati pazifukwa zina "lipoproteins" zoyipa "zimachuluka, amakhazikika pamakoma owonongeka amitsempha yamagazi. Mitundu ya atherosclerotic plaque.

Chombocho chikawonongeka, ma microcracks ndi mabala amapangika pa epithelium yake. Mapulatifomu nthawi yomweyo "amamatira kuzungulira" ndikuwonongeka. Amaletsa magazi. Chovala ichi chimakhala ndi mlandu wofanana ndi LDL, motero amakopeka. Popita nthawi, zolembazi zimawuma, zimawonongera botilo komanso kusokoneza kuthamanga kwa magazi. Chifukwa chake, LDL ndi VLDL ndi "zoyipa".

Kusokera kwa LDL ndi VLDL (cholesterol "choyipa") pamakoma amitsempha yamagazi, yomwe imachepetsa kuwala kwawo.

Chombocho chikakhala chochepa kwambiri, magazi amafunika kulowa mkati mwake. Magazi ake amayenda pang'onopang'ono. Mtima umayamba kugwira ntchito mwamphamvu kuti ulipirire kusowa kwa kuthamanga ndi kukula kwa kupanikizika. Zotsatira zake, matenda oopsa komanso kuwonjezereka kwa minofu ya mtima kumayamba. Kulephera kwamtima kumapangidwa ndi chiopsezo cha myocardial infarction.

Zotsatira zina zowopsa - chovala chamagazi chimatha kulowa m'magazi. Pakapendekeka ndimitsempha yamagazi, imatha kukhazikika. Mu 82%, iyi ndi imfa yadzidzidzi chifukwa cha kugunda kwamitsempha (ngati magazi atalowa muubongo) kapena matenda a mtima (ngati alowa mu mtima).

Kuyesedwa kwa magazi ndi koyipa kwama cholesterol

Magazi amasunga kukhalapo kwa kapangidwe kake komanso kuchuluka kwa magawo ake a chinthu. Zikhalidwe za cholesterol zimatsimikiziridwa m'badwo uliwonse mosiyana, zimasiyana malinga ndi jenda. Amayi amafunikira kwambiri, cholesterol ndiye maziko a kapangidwe ka estrogen.

Pambuyo pa 40, chizindikiro cha lipoproteins "choyipa" chimachepa, monga kagayidwe kamachepa. "Chabwino" cholesterol imakula kuti izitenga nthawi yotsalira mafuta ku chiwindi kuti ayikonzenso.

M'badwo wa munthu	Ndende ya LDL, mol/ l	HDL ndende, mol/ l
Mpaka 14	1,63–3,34	0,79-1,68
15-19	1,61-3,37	0,78-1,68
20-29	1,71-4,27	0,78-1,81
30-39	2,02-4,45	0,78-1,81
40 ndi zina zambiri	2,25-5,34	0,78-1,81

M'badwo wa akazi	Ndende ya LDL, mol/ l	HDL ndende, mol/ l
Mpaka 14	1,77-3,54	0,79-1,68
15-19	1,56-3,59	0,79-1,81
20-29	1,49-4,27	0,79-1,94
30-39	1,82-4,46	0,78-2,07
40 ndi zina zambiri	1,93-5,35	0,78-2,20

About lipoproteins

Makina ophatikizira a lipoproteins ndi:

mapuloteni, cholesterol ndi phospholipids omwe ali mkati mwa membala wamkati wolowera,
triglycerides, cholesterol esters, fatty acids, mavitamini - opanga maziko.

Lipoproteins imayikidwa ndi kachulukidwe, komwe kamatsimikiziridwa ndi kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni ndi lipids. Zocheperako zomwe zimakhala ndi mapuloteni komanso mafuta ochulukirapo, zimachepetsa mphamvu yake. Poterepa, ma lipoprotein onse ali ndi mawonekedwe ofanana amtundu wa mankhwala.

High Density (HDL)	Kachulukidwe Kochepa (LDL)	Kukhala ndi kachulukidwe kotsika kwambiri (VLDL)	Chylomicrons (XM)
apoprotein	50%	25%	10%	2%
triglycerides	5%	10%	60%	90%
cholesterol	20%	55%	15%	5%
ma lipids ena	25%	10%	15%	3%

Ntchito yayikulu ya ma chylomicrons ndikuyenda kwa ma lipids (mafuta ochokera ku chakudya) kudzera m'magazi kuchokera pakataya chakudya kupita ku chiwindi. Kutsika kwambiri komanso kotsika kwambiri kwa lipotropics kumatenga cholesterol amkati wopangidwa ndi hepatocytes ndipo, pamodzi ndi magazi, amawanyamula kupita ndi ziwalo ndi ziwalo.

Ma lipoproteins okwera kwambiri ndi amene amachititsa kuti mafuta a chiwindi aulere. Mulingo wa LDL (cholesterol yoyipa) ukachuluka, gawo lamafuta omwe amayendetsedwa "limatayika panjira" ndipo limatsalira m'matumba.

Ntchito yamkati yamkati mwa khoma la mtima, endothelium (kapena intima) ndikuteteza ziwalo ku zotsatira za magazi. Zowonongeka za endothelium, mapulateleti (ma cell am'magazi omwe amachititsa kuti pakhale kusokonekera) amasonkhanitsidwa kuti abwezeretse khoma la chotengera, ndipo amadziunjikira m'malo owonongeka. Kuthidwa chimodzimodzi LDL, mapulateleti amakopa mafuta.

Chifukwa chake, zophuka za lipid zimapangidwa, zomwe zimawuma kwakanthawi, ndikusintha kukhala cholesterol plaques. Kapangidwe kolimba mkati mwa chotengera kamayendetsa bwino magazi. Zotsatira zake, ubongo sukulandira chakudya choyenera, mtima suthandizidwa ndi mpweya wabwino.

Pali chiwopsezo cha matenda a mtima ndi mikwingwirima. Kuwonongeka kwa micro yaying'ono ndi kukula kwa chotengera cham'mimbayo kumayambitsa kukoka kwa chikonga, uchidakwa, matenda okhudzana ndi kusokonezeka kwa metabolic, mankhwala osokoneza bongo, kudya komwe kumapangitsa kusintha kwa magazi, kuledzera.

Kuyesedwa kwa magazi kwa cholesterol

Ma microscopy am'magazi a cholesterol nthawi zambiri amachitidwa ngati mbali ya kuyesa kwamwazi wamagazi. Malinga ndi zomwe munthu akuwonetsa, kafukufuku wa cholesterol akhoza kuyikidwa payokha. Zowonetsa lipidograms (kusanthula mwatsatanetsatane kwa cholesterol) kungakhale:

kuchuluka BMI (thupi misa), kapena onenepa kwambiri,
matenda a mtima, mitsempha yamagazi, dongosolo la endocrine,
mbiri yakusokonekera kwa mtima ndi mikwingwirima,
zizolowezi zoipa
zodandaula za wodwala.

Magazi a microscopy a biochemical amayendera pa kuyezetsa bwino kwamankhwala ndikumuwunika akatswiri. Magazi amatengedwa kuchipatala. Mwa kusanthula, magazi a venous omwe amachokera kwa wodwala pamimba yopanda kanthu ndikofunikira. Pamaso njira isanayambike, wodwalayo ayenera:

Chotsani zakudya zamafuta kwambiri, zakudya yokazinga, zakumwa zoledzeretsa masiku atatu musanawunikidwe pazakudya,
samalira kudya osachepera maola 8,
kukana masewera olimbitsa thupi komanso zinthu zina zolimbitsa thupi patsiku lotsatira la njirayi.

Mbiri yowonjezera ya lipid imaphatikizapo cholesterol yathunthu, LDL ndi HDL padera, triglycerides (zotumphukira za glycerol ndi mafuta acids zomwe ndi gawo la VLDL), atherogenicity coeffnty (CA). Pakusintha kwachizolowezi, mosiyana ndi zatsatanetsatane, mawonekedwe amkati sangathe kuwonetsedwa.

Mfundo zam'mbuyo

Kuchulukitsa kwa cholesterol yathunthu (OH) ndi lipoprotein yomwe ikuphatikizidwa pazomwe zimapangidwa zimadalira msinkhu komanso mtundu. Mwa akazi, zomwe zimatchulidwa ndi zapamwamba kuposa amuna. Izi zimachitika chifukwa chotenga gawo la cholesterol pakupanga progesterone ndi estrogen (mahomoni ogonana achikazi), ndipo mawonekedwe achilengedwe a thupi la mkazi ndikupulumutsa mafuta kuti mwana athe kunyamula.

Kukula pang'ono kwa chizolowezi cha cholesterol pambuyo pa zaka 60 kukufotokozedwa ndi kutsika kokhudzana ndi zaka mu metabolic njira, ndi kuchepa kwa ntchito zolimbitsa thupi. Mlingo wotsika wa OX umatchedwa hypocholesterolemia, ndipo wokwera umatchedwa hypercholesterolemia. Ma labotale ndi mmol / L (mamililitale pa lita).

Norm	Mulingo woyenera wovomerezeka	Mulingo wokwera	Hypercholesterolemia
5,2	6,5	7,7	> 7,7

M'badwo	Lowensens lipoproteins		High osalimba lipoproteins
M'badwo	amuna	azimayi	amuna	azimayi
ana ndi achinyamata osakwana zaka 14	1,6–3,4	1,6–3,5	0,7–1,6	0,7–1,6
achinyamata kuyambira wazaka 14 mpaka 20	1,6–3,3	1,5–3,5	0,7–1,7	0,7–1,8
kuyambira 20 mpaka 30	1,7–4,2	1,7–4,4	0,8–1,8	0,7–1,9
kuyambira Z0 mpaka 40	2,1–4,4	1,8–4,4	0,8–1,8	0,8-2,0
kuyambira 40 mpaka 60	2,2–5,0	2,0–5,2	0,8–2,0	0,8–2,2
60+	2,5–5,3	2,3–5,6	0,9–2,2	0,9–2,4

Osakwana zaka 14	14–20	20–30	30–40	40–60	60+
Mwamuna	0,3–1,4	0,4–1,6	0,5–2,0	0,5–2,9	0,6–3,2	0,6–2,9
akazi	0,3–1,4	0,4–1,4	0,4–1,4	0,4–1,7	0,5–2,3	0,6–2,8

Mkhalidwe wokhala ndi pakati umatha kukweza cholesterol mwa akazi. Munthawi yamavuto, chifukwa cha thupi, kuchuluka kwa zizindikilo kumakwiyitsa:

milingo yayitali ya progesterone yopangidwa ndi thupi kuti isungitse fetus,
Kapangidwe ndi kakulidwe kazinthu zina (placenta), popeza cholesterol imakhala ngati mafuta a maselo ake.

Kuchuluka kwa cholesterol kumawonjezeka ndi kutenga pakati. Zomwe sizoyambira ndizoonetsa izi: (mmol / l):

Zaka	Mpaka zaka 20	Kucokela pa 20 mpaka 30	30 mpaka 40	40+
1 trimester	3,0–5,19	3,1–5,8	3,4–6,3	3,9–6,9
2-3 trimester	3,0–9,38	3,1–10,6	3,4–11,6	3,9–11,8

Mukamawerengera cohero (ma index) a atherogenic, ma lipoproteins otsika amayenera kuchotsedwa mu cholesterol yathunthu ndikugawidwa ku cholesterol yoyipa m'magazi. Ndi mphamvu yochepetsedwa ya atherogenicity ya boma la zombo, simungachite mantha.

Nthawi zambiri, izi zimachitika pambuyo pakudya kwa nthawi yayitali kapena mankhwala a cholesterol. Ngati zotsatira za kusanthula sizili ndi mlozo wa atherogenicity index, kuchuluka kwa kusokonezeka kwa lipid metabolism kumatha kuwerengedwa pawokha polemba njira ya OH ndi LDL.

2–3	3–4	>4
chizolowezi	ochulukirapo	mkulu
mafuta abwino kagayidwe	chiopsezo chotengera atherosulinosis	Zizindikiro za atherosulinosis

Mankhwala okhathamiritsa okwanira nthawi zambiri amayamba chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa lipoproteins otsika kwambiri. Dyslipidemia (kusalinganika kwa lipoproteins yamitundu yosiyanasiyana) kumatha kuchitika chifukwa cha matenda a pathologies, moyo wopanda thanzi.

Mafuta a cholesterol amawonjezeka:

kudya kosayenera (chizolowezi chakonda kudya zakudya zamafuta, zakudya yokazinga, chakudya chochokera m'gulu la chakudya chofulumira),
Kulemera kwambiri kwa thupi
chikonga komanso uchidakwa.
moyo wama hypodynamic (makamaka kuphatikiza chakudya chopanda thanzi),
kupsinjika (kupanikizika kwa neuropsychological).

Matenda omwe amakhudza kuchuluka kwa cholestol oyipa kwambiri amaphatikizidwa ndi kusokonezeka kwa metabolic, zochitika za mtima, komanso kuchuluka kwa mahomoni. Zodziwika kwambiri ndi:

shuga mellitus (woyamba ndi wachiwiri),
matenda a hepatobiliary dongosolo (hepatosis, cirrhosis, cholecystitis, cholangitis, ndi zina).
matenda a impso (pyelonephritis, nephritis, etc.),
kuperewera kwa mahomoni a chithokomiro (hypothyroidism),
mayamwidwe (malabsorption),
matenda oopsa, matenda oopsa,
matenda a mtima, pericarditis, myocarditis, endocarditis
gulu la matenda a autoimmune (systemic lupus erythematosus, multiple sclerosis),
oncopathology kapena kutupa kosatha kwa kapamba.

Nthawi zina, kuchuluka kwa cholesterol kumatha kukwezedwa chifukwa chotengera kwa chikhalidwe cha hypercholesterolemia. Kutsitsa cholesterol yabwino kumavulazanso thupi. HDLP imagwira ntchito zingapo zomwe zimathandizira ntchito yathunthu yamoyo yonse:

kuchita nawo mahomoni ogonana ndi a steroid,
imalimbitsa kutalikirana kwa ma membrane am'm cell,
imapereka mavitamini D ndi ma asidi a bile mwa maselo a chiwindi,
imalumikizana pakati pa ma neuron aubongo ndi chingwe cha msana.

Kuperewera kwa cholesterol yabwino kumadzetsa kulephera kwa njirazi. Ndi kuchepa kwa HDL, nthawi zambiri pamakhala zovuta za neuro-psych (mantha, kusakhazikika kwa malingaliro, kuwonongeka kwa libido, kukhumudwa).

Njira zakuwongolera kagayidwe ka lipid

Kuti muchepetse kuchuluka kwa lipoprotein zabwino ndi zoyipa, komanso kuti muchepetse chiopsezo chotenga ma atherosulinosis ndi zina za mtima, ndikofunikira:

siyani chikumbumtima chakumwa chaukali ndi zakumwa zosalamulirika,
sunthani kwambiri, ndikuonjezera nthawi yomwe mumakhala mu mpweya wabwino,
kuchepetsa kulemera kwa thupi (pamaso pa mapaundi owonjezera).

Chithandizo cha mankhwalawa chimapangidwa poganizira zonse zomwe zikuwonetsa mawonekedwe a lipid. Ndi kuwonjezeka pang'ono kwa cholesterol, ndikwanira kusintha momwe mumadyera. Nthawi zambiri zovuta, zakudya zimaphatikizidwa ndi mankhwala komanso zowonjezera pazakudya.

Zakudya zamagulu ochepa kuti muchepetse cholesterol

Kuchuluka kwa mafuta enieni a cholesterol omwe amaphatikizidwa ndi chakudya sayenera kupitirira 0,3 g / tsiku (300 mg). Kuti mupeze zotsatira zoyenera kuchokera pachakudya, chiwerengerochi chimakhala choperewera. Sikoyenera kuwerengera zomwe zili mu cholesterol muzinthu. Nutritionists adapanga matebulo apadera, pamaziko omwe amalimbikitsidwa kuti apange mndandanda watsiku ndi tsiku.

Kuchokera pachakudya, ndikofunikira kuti muchepetse zakudya zamafuta azakudya zambiri, komanso zakudya zophika m'njira yokazinga. Onetsetsani kuti mwalowa menyu masamba, zipatso, mbale kuchokera ku nyemba ndi chimanga.

Zoletsedwa	Zololedwa
nkhumba yamafuta ndi offal	kudya nyama ya nkaka, kalulu, nkhuku
kuteteza: mphodza, pastes, nsomba zamzitini	nsomba
masoseji	mafuta ochepa ndi mkaka
misuzi yokhala ndi mayonesi	masamba abwino komanso ophikira (ayenera kukhala kabichi)
wowawasa kirimu 20% kapena kuposa, tchizi 40% kapena kuposa	nyemba: nyemba, anapiye, mphodza
makeke ochokera ku kuwomba ndi kufinya kwapafupipafupi	chipatso
wosuta nyama yankhumba, nsomba	chimanga (Buckwheat, mpunga, barele)
Zakudya zamafuta ndi zinthu zomalizidwa	sauerkraut

Ndikofunikira kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito batala mpaka 10 g / tsiku. Chitani chidwi ndi mafuta a maolivi, nthula zamkaka, mbewu ya mphesa, fulakesi. Kafukufuku waposachedwa wapatula mazira ndi mafuta anyama pamndandanda oletsedwa. Mazira a nkhuku ndi zinziri amaloledwa pamndandanda kawiri pa sabata. Mafuta ambiri amakhala ndi arachidonic acid, omwe amathandiza kuchotsa cholesterol yoyipa, 10-15 g / tsiku lamtundu wamchere kwambiri saloledwa.

Zogulitsa mafuta ochepa okhala ndi phytosterols (avocados), lutein ndi carotonoids (amadyera ochokera kumunda). Zakumwa zothandiza ndi msuzi wa rosehip wokhala ndi asidi wambiri wa ascorbic, ndi tiyi wobiriwira, wokhala ndi ma polyphenols. Mukamalemba mndandandawo, amavomerezedwa kuti azitsogozedwa ndi malamulo azakudya zochiritsira "tebulo No. 10" (malinga ndi gulu la V. Pervzner).

Mankhwala a Hypocholesterol

Mankhwala ndi zowonjezera zakudya zomwe zimatha kutsitsa zomwe zili LDL zimaphatikizapo:

Madera	Fibates
limagwirira ntchito	ziletsa nayonso mphamvu ya cholesterol m'chiwindi	chotsani ndi kuchotsa LDL ndi VLDL
zopikisana	hepatitis, cirrhosis, nthawi yobereka ndi kudyetsa mwana, payekha tsankho	kuwonongeka kwa impso ndi chiwindi, calculi mu ndulu ndi ndulu zikuluzikulu, nthawi yayitali ndi mkaka waung'ono mwa akazi, zaka zazing'ono
kukonzekera	Atorvastatin, Cerivastatin, Rosuvastatin, Pitavastatin	Clofibrate, Gemfibrozil, Bezafibrat, Fenofibrate

Ngati tsankho mankhwala gulu la statins, iwo m'malo ndi mankhwala mwachindunji kumanga ndi kuchotseredwa kwa bile acid.Cholestyramine ndi Cholestidum mawonekedwe osakwanira chelate amaphatikizira m'thupi lomwe limabwera mwachilengedwe. Contraindication kwa kuikidwa ndi pakati komanso biliary.

Zakudya zamafuta zomwe zimakhala ndi omega-3 ndi omega-6 mafuta acids, mafuta a nsomba, lipoic acid zimathandizira kuwonjezera cholesterol yabwino. Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a cholesterol ndi zina zowonjezera zachilengedwe zimaloledwa kokha mwa chilolezo cha dokotala. Mankhwala osokoneza bongo ali ndi contraindication, kudzipereka nokha kumatha kudzetsa thanzi.

Maphunziro akuthupi ndi masewera

Zochita zokhazikika zamasewera zimathandizira kuchepetsa magazi m'thupi komanso kuyeretsa mitsempha yamagazi. Ndi zolimbitsa thupi, thupi limadzaza ndi mpweya wofunikira, womwe umapangitsa magazi kuyenda bwino. Masewera olimbitsa thupi m'mawa, aerobics yam'madzi ndi kusambira, makalasi a yoga ndi oyenera kuphunzitsidwa mwadongosolo.

Kuphatikiza apo, masewera olimbitsa thupi opangidwira bwino amathandizira kuchepetsa kunenepa komanso kuchepetsa matenda othamanga (magazi). Njira yabwino ndi masewera mumlengalenga watsopano (kuyenda kwa Finish, kuyenda panjinga).

Mlingo wa cholesterol (cholesterol) m'magazi uyenera kuyendetsedwa kamodzi pachaka. Anthu omwe akudwala matenda a mtima, matenda a endocrine dongosolo, omwe ndi onenepa kwambiri, osuta amalimbikitsidwa kuti azitsatiridwa katatu pachaka. Lowensens lipoproteins (cholesterol yoyipa) yotsika, yomwe imayikidwa mkati mwa makhoma amitsempha yamagazi, imayambitsa chitukuko cha atherosulinosis ndi matenda ena.

High density lipoproteins (cholesterol yabwino), imalimbitsa mtima makoma, amathandizira pakuchotsa mafuta ochulukirapo. Mulingo wovomerezeka wa cholesterol wathunthu m'magazi ndi 5.2 mmol / L. Ndi kuwonjezeka kwa chizolowezi, ndikofunikira kubwereza zakudya, kusiya chikonga ndi mowa, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse.

Kodi ziwerengerozi zimati chiyani?

Kuchepa kwa matenda a mtima ndi minyewa kumawerengeredwa ndi kuchuluka kwa cholesterol yathunthu ndi HDL. Uwu ndi mlozera wa atherogenic. Amawerengeredwa potengera deta kuchokera kukayezetsa magazi.

Kuti mupeze chokwanira, muyenera kutenga chizindikiro cha lipoproteins "zabwino" kuchokera kuzowerengera kwathunthu kwa cholesterol poyesa magazi. Chiwerengero chotsalachi chimagawidwanso mu HDL. Mtengo womwe wapezeka ndi cholozera (chokwanira) cha atherogenicity.

Zoyenera, ziyenera kukhala 2-3, ngati chizindikirocho sichikupendeketsa, dokotala amayang'ana matenda oopsa. Zinakhudza kusowa kwa lipids. Koma kuthekera kotukula kwa atherosulinosis ndi coefficient yopanda chidwi sichoncho.

Ngati chiwerengero chotsikirako ndichokwera kuposa chabwinobwino, ndiye kuti pamakhala chiwopsezo cha kupangika kwa zolembedwa za atherosulinotic ndi matenda amtima. Chizindikiro cha 3-5, chiwopsezo chimayesedwa ngati chapakati. Zakudya zokwanira ndikuwonjezera zolimbitsa thupi kuti mubwezeretse thupi. Ndi cooleffic ophatikizana ndi atherogenic kuposa 5, atherosulinosis ilipo ndipo ikupita patsogolo. Wodwalayo amadera nkhawa za matenda oopsa komanso mawonekedwe oyamba a kulephera kwa mtima.

Kukhazikika kwa coheroffi ya atherogenic malinga ndi Friedwald

Malinga ndi njira ya Friedwald, kutengera cholesterol yathunthu ndi cholesterol ya HDL, kuchuluka kwa cholesterol "yoyipa" kumawerengedwa. Kuopsa kokhala ndi matenda amtima kumayesedwa ndi iwo.

LDL = Kolesterol General - (HDL + TG / 2.2)

Komwe cholesterol ndi cholesterol, TG ndiye mulingo wa triglycerides m'mwazi.

Mlingo wa matenda a lipid metabolism ukhoza kutsimikiziridwa popanda ufulu. Fananizani nambala yomwe idatsogola ndi gawo la LDL patebulo lausinkhu wanu komanso zaka zanu. Mokulira kuchuluka kwa cholesterol "yoyipa", ndizowonjezeranso mwayi wokhala ndi atherosulinosis ndi zotsatira zake.

Zomwe zimayambitsa High LDL

Kuchuluka kwa cholesterol "yoyipa" kumachitika pazifukwa zotsatirazi:

kudya kwambiri mafuta komanso zakudya yokazinga, kuvutikira chakudya chambiri,
kagayidwe kachakudya

Hypertriglyceridemia - wopitilira malire okwera kwambiri a cholesterol ndi triglycerides ambiri.

Pa nthawi yapakati, cholesterol imakhala yokwera nthawi zonse. Ichi ndiye chizolowezi. Pambuyo pobala, amagwa kwambiri. Pa kubereka mwana, cholesterol imafunika pakapangidwe ka mahomoni ndikupanga placenta (makamaka imakhala ndi lipids).

Nthawi zina, kufalikira kwa lipid kumakhala koyipa.

Njira zochepetsera zoyipa ndikweza cholesterol yabwino

Pali njira zitatu zakukonzanso matenda a lipid metabolism:

Ngati cholowa cha atherogenic sichidapitirira 5, mudzakhala ndi chakudya chokwanira komanso zolimbitsa thupi. Muzochitika zapamwamba, mankhwala amalumikizidwa.

Zakudya ndi zakudya

Chakudya chotsitsa cholesterol chimatchedwa Mediterranean. Muyenera kuchotsa mafuta onse azinyama kuchokera muzakudya, kuphatikizapo masamba ambiri, zipatso ndi mafuta ochulukirapo a polyunsaturated acids (PUFAs).

PUFA ndi omega-3, omega-6 ndi omega-9. Amasungunula cholesterol malo. ПЖК ndi gawo la zinthu:

Mafuta athanzi komanso osapatsa thanzi.

Mafuta a nyama amapezeka muzakudya zotsatirazi (kuti muchepetse cholesterol mwachangu, sayenera kuphatikizidwa):

nyama yamafuta
mafuta anyama, osuta komanso osaphika,
margarine, batala,
tchizi
mafuta amkaka,
mazira
zakudya zokazinga (cholesterol imapangidwa mukamayambitsa zakudya zilizonse mu mafuta).

M'malo mafuta zinyama ndi mafuta masamba. M'malo mwa kirimu wowawasa ndi mayonesi, gwiritsani ntchito mafuta a masamba. Sali otsika mu kukoma ndi lothandiza kwambiri. Ndikofunikira kukana msuzi wa nyama. Muli ndi mafuta azinyama. Idyani msuzi wa nsomba. Ma PUFA onse ali msuzi. Imakhudzidwa mwachangu, ndipo zinthu zofunikira zimasungunuka zolembera m'matumba.

Ndikofunika kudya zamasamba ndi zipatso pachakudya chilichonse. Pindani zipatso za zipatso, maapulo, mapeyala ndi mtedza. Mwa zamasamba ndizothandiza kwambiri: tomato, zukini, squash, biringanya, adyo. Njira zotsimikizika zophikira: kuwira, kuwongolera, kuwotchera.

Zochita zolimbitsa thupi ndi masewera

Katunduyo akuyenera kufanana ndi thupi lanu. Ndikwabwino kukaonana ndi dokotala pankhaniyi. Ngati mavuto amtima alipo kale, dziperekeni nokha kuyenda tsiku ndi tsiku. Osachepera maola awiri patsiku.

Ngati vutolo lakhazikika, atherosulinosis siyiyambika, chitani zolimbitsa thupi, zolimbitsa thupi. Mukamasewera masewera, kufalikira kwa magazi kumayenda bwino, malingaliro a cholesterol. Kuphatikiza pa zakudya, zolimbitsa thupi ndizothandiza kwambiri. Pakangotha miyezi 1-2, mutha kutsitsa cholesterol "yoyipa" kukhala yokhazikika.