Kodi hepatomegaly ya chiwindi ndi chiyani: Zizindikiro, zakudya

Zonse zaLive zimawunikiridwa ndi akatswiri azachipatala kuti atsimikizire kulondola kwakukulu ndi kusasinthika ndi zowona zake.

Tili ndi malamulo okhwima osankha magwero azidziwitso ndipo timangotengera masamba otchuka, mabungwe ofufuza zamaphunziro, ndipo ngati zingatheke, kafukufuku wazachipatala wotsimikizira. Chonde dziwani kuti manambala omwe ali m'mabakaki (, ndi zina zambiri), amalumikizano olumikizana ndi maphunziro awa.

Ngati mukuganiza kuti chilichonse mwazida zathu sizolondola, zachikale kapena zosafunikira, sankhani ndikusindikiza Ctrl Enter Enter.

Hepatomegaly ndikukulitsa chiwindi, chomwe ndi chizindikiro cha matenda osiyanasiyana. Ganizirani zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a hepatomegaly, mitundu, njira zodziwira matenda ndi chithandizo ..

Chiwindi ndi chiwalo chomwe zimachitika ndi mankhwala zomwe zimapangitsa kuti poizoniyo muchepetse poizoni. Chiwindi chokula chimatchedwa hepatomegaly ndipo chimatha kupezeka poyizoni wa maumboni osiyanasiyana. Asayansi samanena kuti matendawa ndi matenda odziyimira pawokha, koma amawatcha kuti hepatomegaly syndrome. Nthawi zambiri, matendawa amaphatikizidwa ndi kukulitsa ndulu.

, ,

Zoyambitsa hepatomegaly

Hepatomegaly ndi chizindikiro cha kuwonongeka kwa chiwindi, chikhalidwe ndi gawo lomwe limatengera kukula kwa ziwalo. Amachitika ndi matenda a mtima dongosolo, chotupa njira kapena kagayidwe kachakudya matenda. Kuchulukitsa, kutupa ndi kutupa kumachitika ndi matenda enaake a m'matumbo ndi chiwindi.

Zomwe zimayambitsa hepatomegaly ya chiwindi zimatha kugawidwa m'magulu angapo, iliyonse yomwe imatengera matenda omwe adakula.

Ganizirani zomwe zimayambitsa hepatomegaly:

• Hepatitis A, B, C, hepatitis ya poizoni.
• Matenda opatsirana: malungo,
• Kuledzera kwa chiwindi.
• Matenda osayimira mowa komanso mowa wamafuta.
• Cancerous metastases kwa chiwindi kuchokera ku ziwalo zina ndi ma cysts odzaza ndi madzimadzi.
• Matenda a Gaucher, glycogenosis.
• Kusintha kowoneka bwino m'chiwindi.
• Kutsekeka kwa bile ducts ndi blockage wa hepatic mitsempha.
• Pericarditis.
• Leukemia
• Zotupa zoyipa za zam'mimba dongosolo.
• Benign zotupa za chiwindi: adenoma, hemangioma.
• Kudzikundikira kwa mapuloteni achilendo m'chiwindi ndi amyloidosis.
• Matenda a metabolism.
• Matenda a Wilson, ndiko kuti, kuphatikizika kwamkuwa mu chiwindi.

Zizindikiro za Hepatomegaly

Zizindikiro za hepatomegaly zimatengera matenda omwe adapangitsa kukulitsa chiwindi ndi mawonekedwe ake achipatala. Ngati hepatomegaly imatchulidwa (chiwindi chikufika pamtunda waukulu), ndiye kuti imatha kuwoneka palpation komanso ngakhale ndi pamimba. Pa palpation, wodwalayo amamva kuwawa.

Ganizirani zodziwika za hepatomegaly:

• Kumva zowawa ndi kumverera kolemetsa kumbali yakumanja, makamaka posintha mawonekedwe.
• Zotupa pakhungu.
• Kudzikundikira kwamadzi m'mimba, ascites.
• Kutupa kwa khungu (nthawi zambiri kumachitika ndi hepatitis).
• Kuphwanya chopondapo (kutsegula m'mimba kapena kudzimbidwa) komanso kuwonjezeka pamimba.
• Kutentha kwa mtima ndi halitosis.
• Kuchepetsa mseru
• Maonekedwe a "nyenyezi za chiwindi" pakhungu.

Ngati hepatomegaly imachitika motsutsana ndi maziko a hepatitis, ndiye kuti wodwalayo amatha kuwonjezereka ndikugwirizana kwa parenchyma. Chifukwa cha izi, m'munsi mwa chiwindi mutha kupindika pansi pa chipilala chodula. Kuyesa kumva chiwindi kumayambitsa kupweteka komanso kusasangalala. Ndi kuchulukana kwa chiwindi, kupweteka kumakhala kosatha. Hepatitis imapangitsa kuti khungu lizindikirane ndi kuledzera (kufooka, kutentha thupi, kupweteka mutu).

Vuto la chiwindi ndi matenda enaake, omwe amakhalanso ndi hepatomegaly. Pankhaniyi, ma hepatocytes athanzi amasinthidwa ndi minofu yolumikizana. Wodwala amakhala ndi chizolowezi chowukha magazi, kamvekedwe ka khungu lakumaso komanso kupweteka kosalekeza mu hypochondrium yoyenera.

Pali matenda owonjezera, chomwe chimakhala chizindikiro chachikulu cha chiwindi. Izi zimaphatikizapo matenda amtundu wa cholowa komanso chobadwa nacho. Chifukwa chophwanya glycogen catabolism, imayamba kudzikundikira m'chiwindi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ziwonjezeke. Koma kuphatikiza chiwindi, impso ndi ndulu zimavutika, zomwe zimakulanso kukula.

Hematomegaly chifukwa chakumanzere kapena kumanja kwa nyanjayo imayambitsa hemochromatosis, matenda a metabolic omwe amakhumudwitsa kulimbana kwa ma enzyme omwe amachititsa kuti mayamwidwe azikhala ndi chitsulo. Pakutero, kukulitsa kwa chiwalo kumayamba ngati cirrhosis. Koma kusintha kumachitika osati m'chiwindi, komanso m'mapapu. Wodwala amadwala chifuwa champhamvu chokhala ndi sputum yamagazi.

Kuwonjezeka kwa chiwindi kumatha chifukwa cha matenda a mtima. Chifukwa chosakwanira contractility, mtima kulephera kumayamba, zomwe zimabweretsa kukula kwa matenda a hypoxia. Zotsatira zake, chiwindi cholimba chimayamba. Kukhalitsa kwa hepatomegaly kungayambitse kuchepa kwa ma hepatocytes ndi kusintha kwake ndi minofu yolumikizana.

Diffuse hepatomegaly imachitika kukula kwa chiwindi mwa munthu wamkulu kupitirira masentimita 12 mpaka 13. Streptococcal, staphylococcal ndi matenda ena amachititsa kuti pakhale chiwindi, zomwe zimayambitsa kupatsirana hepatomegaly. Pankhaniyi, chithandizo chimachitika pokhapokha pogwiritsa ntchito njira ya opaleshoni, chifukwa kumwa mankhwala sikuthandiza. Ngati kusintha kwachulukidwe pakukula kwake ndi kapangidwe ka chiwalocho chifukwa cha cirrhosis (kuledzera ndi mowa kapena zinthu zoopsa, ziphe), ndiye kuti hepatomegaly imayambitsa kupweteka kwa kuphatikizika ndi kuchuluka kwa ndulu.

Zomwe zimayambitsa kusinthika kwa hepatomegaly kungakhale kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali kwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo kapena kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Kukhazikika kwa tsiku ndi tsiku poizoni m'thupi kumabweretsa chiwopsezo cha chiwindi, kusintha kapangidwe ndi kukula kwa chiwalo. Ngakhale zakudya zatsopano zimatha kusintha zosinthika pang'ono, mwa njira, izi ndizomwe zimayambitsa hepatomegaly mwa akazi.

Kujambula kwa ultrasound kumapangidwa kuti kupewetse kukulitsa chiwindi. Ngati chiwopsezo chochepa m'thupi ndi kuphatikizika kwa mawonekedwe a parenchyma yapezeka, wodwalayo amachepetsa chiwindi. Mwatsatanetsatane, kuchuluka kwa zosokoneza pantchito ya chiwindi kulephera kwa chiwindi kumaweruzidwa ndi zotsatira za kuyesa kwamwazi wamagazi. Ngati masinthidwe a limba, chinthu chapamwamba ndi chosagwirizana apezeka, izi zitha kuwonetsa matenda ena.

Chithandizo chachikulu cha hepatomegaly chokhala ndi masinthidwe osokoneza ndikudya. Zakudya zimapangidwira odwala, zomwe zimatanthawuza kukanidwa kwa mafuta, zonunkhira komanso zakudya zotsekemera, komanso mowa komanso zizolowezi zina zoyipa. Kuyeretsa chiwindi, njira zamankhwala achikhalidwe komanso, mankhwala, angagwiritsidwe ntchito. Koma chinthu chofunikira kwambiri ndiku kudziwa nthawi yomwe chimayambitsa matendawa ndikuyamba chithandizo chamanthawi ndikuwonetsetsa kwambiri matendawa.

Yopanda hepatomegaly

Part hepatomegaly sikukuwonjezereka kwa chiwindi, ndiko kuti, kusintha kwamitundu kapena ziwalo zina. Mwachitsanzo, hepatomegaly yakumanzere kapena kumanja kwa chiwindi, ikuwonetsa kukulira kwina. Nthawi zina, kusintha kosagwirizana kwa m'munsi mwa chiwindi kumachitika. Pa palpation, zamatsenga zimamveka kuti ndizosagwirizana komanso zimagwidwa bwino.

Momwe hepatomegaly imatha kupezeka ndi ultrasound. Matendawa amakhala ndi mawonekedwe: kuphwanya kufanana kwa ziwalo za thupilo. Kukhalapo kwa zotupa, cysts kapena abscesses kumasonyezanso kusintha kwa chiwindi ndi matendawa.

, , ,

Hepatomegaly ndi splenomegaly

Awa ndi maboma awiri omwe nthawi zambiri amatuluka nthawi imodzi ndipo amodzi mwaiwo amatha kupangitsa kuti awoneke wachiwiri. Hepatomegaly ndikuwonjezeka kwa chiwindi, ndipo splenomegaly ndikuwonjezereka kwa ndulu. Pali hepatolienal syndrome, ndiko kuti, kuphatikiza kwa ma pathologies ndi kusintha kwa kukula kwa ndulu ndi chiwindi.

Hepatomegaly ndi splenomegaly zimachitika ndi matenda amthupi:

1. Zilonda zam'mimba za chiwindi (chokhazikika, chosokoneza), komanso matenda omwe amayambitsa magazi m'mitsempha yama hepatic ndi splenic.
2. Hemochromatosis, amyloidosis, matenda a Gaucher, hepato-cerebral dystrophy ndi matenda ena.
3. Matenda a parasitic komanso opatsirana: chifuwa cham'mimba, malungo, alveococcosis, matenda a mononucleosis ndi ena.
4. Matenda amitsempha yamagazi ndi magazi: leukemia, lymphogranulomatosis, hemolytic anemia.
5. Matenda a mtima dongosolo, limodzi ndi kulephera kwa magazi: matenda a mtima, vuto la mtima, pericarditis.

Kuphatikizika mu zochita za ndulu kumafotokozedwa ndi kulumikizana kwina kwa ziwalo. Hepatolienal syndrome imapezeka kwambiri mu ana odwala kuposa achikulire. Ichi ndichifukwa cha mawonekedwe a anatomical komanso a thupi pazinthu zomwe zikukula. Matenda a m'magazi, matenda opatsirana komanso kusokonezeka kwina kwaubongo kungayambitsenso hepatomegaly ndi splenomegaly.

Monga lamulo, kuwunikira sikuli kovuta ndipo kumachitika ndi kupsinjika ndi palpation. Chovuta chachikulu chiri pakupeza chomwe chimayambitsa, ndiko kuti, matenda oyambitsidwa ndi hepatomegaly ndi kuwonongeka kwa ndulu.

, ,

Ubale wa hepatomegaly ndi metabolism

Matenda ena amabweretsa kuphwanya kwamtundu wa kagayidwe kachakudya mthupi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chiwindi chiwonjezeke. Zitsanzo za matenda otere:

1. glycogenosis ndi matenda obadwa nawo omwe glycogen synthesis imalephera,
2. hemachromatosis ndi mkhalidwe womwe chitsulo chochuluka chimatengedwa m'matumbo ndikuwunjikira kwake ziwalo zina, kuphatikizapo chiwindi. Zotsatira zake, kukula kwake kukukulira,
3. mafuta a chiwindi - kudzikundikira kwamafuta ochulukirapo m'thupi.

Hepatomegaly pa maziko a mafuta hepatosis

Ndikulimbitsa kwa chiwindi komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kusandulika kwa maselo a ziwalo m'mafuta. Nthawi zambiri, matendawa amapezeka pamene lipids imadzunjikana mumaselo a chiwindi (hepatocytes). Pathology imayamba chifukwa chodziwikiratu thupi la mowa, zakudya zamafuta, mankhwala osokoneza bongo komanso zinthu zina zoyipa.

Amasiyidwa osasinthika, mafuta a hepatosis amapangidwa mu fibrosis ndi cirrhosis ya chiwindi. Pali magawo angapo a matendawa:

• Pachigawo choyamba, maselo oyang'ana kwambiri omwe amakhala ndi mafuta ambiri osavuta amawonekera. Ngati pali zingapo zofunika, ndiye kuti zingayambitse kusintha kwa minyewa ya chiwindi.
• Pa gawo lachiwiri, kuchuluka kwa maselo amafuta kumawonjezeka, ndipo pakati pa maselo omwe amatha kulumikizidwa amayamba kukula.
• Pamapeto omaliza, timizere tomwe timalumikizidwa timayambira, timene timayambitsa ma fibrosis ndi hepatomegaly.

Chimodzi mwazomwe zimayambitsa hepatomegaly motsutsana ndi mafuta a hepatosis ndi kusokonekera kwa metabolic ndi kunenepa kwambiri. Koma pali zinthu zina zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa, aganizirani:

• Matenda omwe amayambitsa matenda a lipid metabolism: mtundu 2 matenda a shuga, kunenepa kwambiri, hypertriglyceridemia ndi ena.
• Poopsa chiwindi. Chifukwa chosasinthika mosalekeza ndi zinthu zakupha, chiwindi chimasiya kugwira ntchito zake bwino, zomwe zimayambitsa kutupa ndi kuchuluka kwake. Pali chinthu china monga mowa wama hepatosis wochitika chifukwa cha kumwa mwaukadaulo.
• Matenda am'mimba komanso matenda opatsirana. Chiwindi chimagwira gawo logaya ntchito, koma ngati pali kuphwanya mayamwidwe a mafuta kapena chimbudzi cha bile acid, ndiye kuti izi zimatsogolera ku pathologies yayikulu.
• Matenda a endocrine dongosolo. Mafuta a hepatosis amapezeka ndimapangidwe ochulukitsa a mahomoni a adrenal cortex komanso kuperewera kwa mahomoni a chithokomiro.
• Zakudya zopanda pake zimayambitsa kusokonezeka kwa lipid, zomwe zimabweretsa hepatomegaly ndi mafuta hepatosis. Zakudya zosasinthika, mapuloteni ochepa, kusala pafupipafupi, kusintha kwa zakudya pafupipafupi. Zonsezi zimabweretsa kutsika kwa thupi ndikuti maselo a chiwindi amasiya kugwira ntchito yawo.
• Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala kwa nthawi yayitali kapena mankhwala osokoneza bongo, komanso cheza, zimayambitsa matenda a chiwindi

Chizindikiro chachikulu cha hepatomegaly motsutsana ndi maziko a mafuta hepatosis ndi mseru, kusanza, kupweteka mu hypochondrium yoyenera. Wodwalayo amakula ndi dysbiosis, khungu limakulirakulira, ndipo kupenyerera kwa thupi kumatha kuchepa. Zizindikiro zofotokozedwa za matendawa zimachitika pamapeto omaliza a hepatosis yamafuta.

, , , ,

Hepatomegaly mwa ana

Hepatomegaly mwa ana imatha kuchitika zaka zilizonse, mwa ana akhanda komanso achinyamata kapena ana asukulu. Kuphwanya zakudya, zochita za autoimmune m'thupi ndi zinthu zina zimayambitsa matenda a chiwindi ndi ndulu. Mwachitsanzo, mwa ana a zaka zapakati pa 5-7, kuchuluka kwa chiwindi kumayenderana ndi zaka, chifukwa chake hepatomegaly imakhala yochepa. Zomwe zimachitika mwakuthupi sizifunikira chithandizo cha mankhwala ndi chithandizo. Koma ngati izi zikuchitika mwa ana okulirapo, ndiye kuti vutoli limatha kukhala pamavuto amthupi kapena matenda.

Ngoziyo si chiwindi chongokulitsidwa, koma zizindikiro zotsatirazi. Ngati mwana amadandaula za kupweteka pansi pa nthiti, zotupa ndi kusintha kwa khungu pakhungu, maonekedwe a kangaude m'matumbo, mseru ndi kusanza, kutopa ndi kusowa chilakolako cha chakudya, izi zikuwonetsa mavuto akulu azaumoyo. Chizindikiro chilichonse pamwambapa chikaphatikizika ndi chiwindi chokula ndi chifukwa chofunsira thandizo la kuchipatala msanga. Dokotala wanu adzayitanitsa mayeso kuti atsimikizire kapena kuti azindikiritsa kuwonongeka kwa chiwindi.

Zomwe zimayambitsa hepatomegaly mu ana ndizosiyanasiyana, koma madokotala amatchula zinthu 6 zomwe zingayambitse mavuto, zilingalire:

• Matenda otupa - matenda obadwa nawo (herpes, cytomegalovirus, rubella), kuwononga poizoni ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo, kutsekeka kwa lumen ya biliary thirakiti, hepatitis A, B, C, matenda a parasitic.
• Matenda a metabolic - kuphwanya kapangidwe kake ndi kagayidwe ka glycogen, kusokonekera kwa mapuloteni, matenda a Wilson, kusokonezeka kwa metabolic lipids, mucopolysaccharidoses, porphyria ndi ena.
• Kuwonongeka kwa chiwindi (kulowetsedwa) - matenda a hemolytic a akhanda, lymphoma, leukemia, hepatoma, metastases, hematopoiesis mu "atypical" ziwalo, histiocytosis.
• Kuphwanya kutulutsa kwa ndulu ndi magazi - matenda enaake a m'mimba, stenosis, thrombosis, atresia, kulephera kwa mtima, matenda a Wilson.
• Zowonongeka zazikulu pachiwindi ndizotulutsira, kobadwa nako kwa chiwindi, biliary cirrhosis ndi ena.
• Hyperplasia ya maselo a Kupffer omwe amatenga ndi kukonza maselo akufa - granulomatous hepatitis, sepsis, hypervitaminosis.
• Hepatomegaly yabodza - imayamba chifukwa cha pathologies a kupuma dongosolo, mwachitsanzo, ndi emphysema. Ziwalo zokulitsidwa zimakankhira chiwindi kuchokera pansi pa nthiti

Kuunikiridwa, mwana amapsinjika mwam'mimba pozungulira. Mwapadera chidwi amalipiritsa kwa kutchulidwa venous mtima network pamimba, kusintha pigmentation a khungu ndi mucous nembanemba, zizindikiro za kuledzera, kupweteka ndi zovuta. Ngati hepatomegaly imakhala yochepa, ndiye kuti zizindikiro zake sizikupezeka.

Potsimikizika chodalirika cha kuwonongeka kwa chiwindi, kufufuza kwa ultrasound kumachitika. Kuzindikira koteroko kumakhala koyenera pokhapokha pakuwonetsedwa kwa hepatomegaly. Ultrasound imakupatsani kuzindikira mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya matendawa, kuti mupeze kuphwanya kapangidwe kazinthu. Kutengera ndi zotsatira za mayeso, chithandizo choyenera chimasankhidwa. Koma hepatomegaly mwa iyo yokha samachiritsidwa, matenda omwe amayambitsa matenda awa amathandizidwa.

Hepatomegaly mwana wosabadwayo akuwonetsa kuti chiwindi cha mluza ndichoposa chachilendo. Matenda oterewa amapezeka mosavuta, chifukwa kukulira kwam'mimba kumapangitsa kuti m'mimba muwonjezeke, zomwe sizingatheke kuti musamayang'anire pa ultrasound ya mayi wapakati. Ntchito yayikulu ya adotolo ndikuwona zomwe zimayambitsa matenda mu mwana wosabadwa. Njira zamankhwala zakuchiritsira ndi matendawo zimadalira izi.

Pali zifukwa zambiri zomwe zimayambitsa hepatomegaly mu fetus, ziwunikireni mwatsatanetsatane:

• Matenda a intrauterine - zovuta zoyipa za toxoplasmosis, cytomegalovirus, chikuku, rubella, kachilombo ka Coxsackie, syphilis ngakhalenso kusamvana kwa Rh, zimatha kuwonjezera chiwindi.
• Magulu osiyanasiyana a chiwindi.
• Matenda a metabolism.
• Kulephera kwa mtima.
• Hemolysis.
• Syndrome Datsna, Beckwith - Wiedemann, Zellweger.

Ngati hepatomegaly imachitika motsutsana ndi maziko a matenda a intrauterine, ndiye kuti izi sizimangowonjezera chiwalo, komanso maonekedwe a hyperechoic inclusions. Ponena za mapangidwe a neoplastic m'chiwindi cha mwana wosabadwayo, amatha kukhala hemangioma, hepatoblastoma, adenoma, mesenchymal hamartoma, ndi ena.

Nthawi zambiri, kukulira kwa chiwindi kumayendera limodzi ndi ma cell a ndulu. Monga lamulo, hepatomegaly imapezeka mu theka lachiwiri la mimba. Koma chinthu chofunikira kwambiri mukazindikira mavutowa ndikuwachotsa Down Down. Malingaliro oyambitsa kubala mwachindunji amatengera zomwe zimayambitsa matenda, chifukwa hepatomegaly yakutali mu fetus ndiosowa kwambiri.

Hepatomegaly mwa akhanda

Amawoneka ngati abwinobwino ngati ali ndi mawonekedwe osatsika, osakwana masentimita 2. Mndandanda wa matenda ndiwowonjezereka, chifukwa hepatomegaly sichimawoneka yokha, koma imayimira kukhalapo kwa matenda a chiwalo kapena chamoyo. Hepatomegaly syndrome imatha kuphatikizidwa ndi vuto lakudya, kayendedwe ka autoimmune, kapena vuto pambuyo katemera.

Zomwe zimayambitsa matenda zimagona mu kutupa ndi dystrophic mu chiwindi parenchyma. Hepatomegaly mu wakhanda imatha kukhala chodabwitsa chakuthupi. Ganizirani zomwe zimayambitsa kukula kwa chiwindi mwa makanda:

• Matenda opatsirana - pafupifupi matenda onse amtundu wa ana mu makanda amayambitsa kuphatikizana ndikukulitsidwa kwa chiwindi.
• Matenda a mtima ndi kupuma kwamachitidwe - njira imatha kukhazikitsidwa chifukwa cholephera kwamitsempha yamagazi.
• Kufalikira kwa bile ducts ndi ma cysts a bile duct - matendawa ndi osowa kwambiri, komanso amayambitsa chiwindi. Zizindikiro zake zazikulu ndi kutentha thupi, ndipo poyesa kulimbitsa chiwindi, mwana amayamba kulira.
• Cholangitis - hepatomegaly imawonekera chifukwa cha kutupa kwa ma ducts a bile. Matendawa amaphatikizidwa ndi kutentha thupi komanso kupweteka mu hypochondrium yoyenera.
• Debreu Syndrome - matenda amapezeka mwa ana omwe sanakulitse. Chifukwa chakuchepa kwa chiwindi, glycogen ndi mafuta amadziunjikira, zomwe zingayambitse mafuta a hepatosis.
• Kusokonezeka kwa kagayidwe ka lipid - pamenepa, wakhanda amakhala ndi matenda otsegula m'mimba, kusanza komanso xanthomas yapakhungu.
• Echinococcosis ndi matenda oyambitsidwa ndi mphutsi zam'mimba za chiwindi. Matenda a m'matumbo amachititsa kuti ziwalozo ziwonjezeke. Choyambitsa chachikulu cha echinococcosis ndimalumikizana ndi nyama, makamaka agalu.
• Voringer's syndrome - hepatomegaly imachitika mwa ana omwe ali ndi zizindikiro za ulesi komanso kunenepa kwambiri kwa thupi.
• Matenda a Moriak ndi zovuta za matenda a shuga, omwe amachititsa kuchuluka kwa mafuta m'chiwindi cha mwana.
• Zotupa za chiwindi - zotupa za hepatoblastomas ndi zotupa zokhala patali ndizosowa kwambiri, koma zimatha kuphatikizana ndikuwonetsa chiwindi chimodzi komanso zonse ziwiri.
• Matenda a Girke ndimatenda a kudzikundikira kwa glycogen. Kuphatikiza kukulira chiwindi, kumayambitsa kukoka, chokwanira cha lactic acid m'magazi komanso katulutsidwe a acetoacetic acid mumkodzo.

Ngakhale pali zifukwa zingapo zoyambitsa ndi hepatomegaly mu makanda, pali zizindikiro zomwe zimatha kuwonetsa matenda, aganizirani:

• Jekeseni wa khungu - jaundice wolimbikira amawoneka ndi matenda ambiri a chiwindi. Makamaka chidwi chake chiyenera kulipidwa kuti akhale ndi utoto wa mwana. Ngati mwana ali ndi zikopa zopanda khungu, pitani kuchipatala msanga.
• Ma minyewa yam'mimba yam'mimba.
• Nusea, kampani, kusowa chakudya.
• Lethargy, kutopa.
• Kutupa kwa Mchombo - izi zimachitika m'matenda owopsa a chiwindi ndi m'mimba. Mimba ya mwana imakulitsidwa kwambiri chifukwa cha kudzikundikira kwamadzi.

Chisamaliro chachikulu chimaperekedwa kwa akhanda omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV omwe ali ndi hepatomegaly. Nthawi zina, ndiko kukulitsa kwa chiwindi komwe kumakhala ngati chizindikiro choyambirira cha kachilombo ka HIV. Mwa ana otere, ndulu zimachulukana, matenda am'mimba am'mimba amtopola, matenda amkati, ma mumps, ndi zotupa zam'mimba zimawonekera. Ngati matendawa ali pang'onopang'ono, mwana amatha kudwala matenda am'kamwa a nthawi yayitali, matenda a m'mimba, matenda otsekula m'mimba, kutentha thupi, kuchepa kwa magazi, meningitis kapena sepsis.

Hepatomegaly pa nthawi yapakati

Zimachitika nthawi zambiri. Monga lamulo, mavuto a chiwindi amapezeka mu trimester yomaliza. Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa chiberekero, chiwindi chimasunthira kumanja, ziwalozo zimakhala zowonjezereka komanso magazi okwanira. Nthawi yomweyo, maulendo opanga ma diaphragm amachepetsedwa, zomwe zimayambitsa zovuta kuthetsa bile. Kuphatikiza apo, panthawi yoyembekezera, pali zosintha zingapo zomwe zimayenera kukumbukiridwa poyang'ana chiwalo. Mwachitsanzo, maonekedwe a kangaude pakhungu, kuchuluka kwamafuta acid, triglycerides mu seramu kapena cholesterol. Zonsezi zimachitika chifukwa cha mphamvu ya estrogen ndi progesterone komanso kuchuluka kwa magazi ozungulira.

Matenda onse a chiwindi omwe amachitika pa nthawi ya pakati komanso chifukwa cha hepatomegaly amagawika m'magulu atatu:

• Zowonongeka zokhudzana ndi pakati (zimachitika mwa amayi apakati okha).
• Intrahepatic cholestasis mwa amayi apakati ndi matenda omwe amapezeka mu 20% ya azimayi. Matendawa adakhazikitsidwa chifukwa cha kubadwa kwa cholowa cha cholakwika cha cholestatic cholakwika cha estrogens ndi progesterones yopangidwa nthawi ya bere.
• Kuwonongeka kwa chiwindi chifukwa cha kuwonetsa kwa toxosis (ndi kusanza kwambiri). Zomwezi zimachitikanso mu 2% ya amayi oyembekezera ndipo amakula pakati pa milungu 4 mpaka 10, atayima pofika sabata la 20 la mimba. Kusanza kwambiri kumabweretsa kuperewera kwa madzi m'thupi, kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni, kusokonezeka kwa electrolyte ndi kuchepa thupi.

Kuphatikiza pazifukwa zomwe zili pamwambapa, hepatomegaly pa nthawi yomwe ali ndi pakati imatha kuchitika chifukwa cha kusakhazikika kwa mitsempha, mafuta a hepatosis, shuga, leukemia, matenda opatsirana, chotupa neoplasms ndi cysts.

,

Ichi ndi chiyani

Hepatomegaly ndikuwonjezera kukula kwa chiwindi. Izi siziri matenda odziyimira pawokha, koma amawoneka ngati chizindikiro cha matenda onse a chiwindi. Nthawi zina chiwalochi chimatha kukula mpaka kuyamba kuwoneka pamimba.

Pankhani ya zovuta za metabolic, chiwindi chimayamba kudziunjikira chakudya chamafuta, mafuta ndi zinthu zina za metabolic, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ziwonjezeke.

Makulidwe wamba a chiwindi mwa akulu

Polankhula za kukula kwa thupi, ndikofunikira kufotokoza momwe awunikira. Mukamazindikira magawo mwakugunda (percussion), malingaliro ake abwinobwino ndi 9x8x7 masentimita. Amatha kukhala osiyana kutengera kutalika kwa wodwalayo. Pamwamba pa average, miyeso ya chiwindi ikhoza kukhala yayikulu 1 cm. Ndi kukula kwakung'ono, amachepetsa ndi 1 cm.

Pamene palpating (palpation) posakhala ndi matenda, gawo la parenchymal ili mu hypochondrium yoyenera ndipo silifalikira kupitirira malire a mtengo wotsika mtengo. Ngati m'mphepete mupezeka pansipa, ndiye kuti izi zitha kukhala chizindikiro cha hepatomegaly kapena kusowa kwa chiwalo chifukwa cha enteroptosis kapena matenda a ziwalo zamkati (emphysema, etc.). Kuti mumvetse bwino zifukwa zomwe zimatulukira m'mphepete mwa chiwindi pansi pa nthiti, ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito percussion, ultrasound kapena chifuwa x-ray.

Magawo abwinobwino a chiwalo mukamayipima ndi chipangizo cha ultrasound m'mayendedwe a anteroposterior ndi 12,5 masentimita poyeza lobe lamanja ndi masentimita 7 - lobe lamanzere. Kukula kwakumapeto ndi 20 - 22. cm.

Zolinga zakukula kwa bolenzi

Zifukwa zonse zomwe zimatsogolera pakukula kwa chiwindi hepatomegaly zitha kugawidwa m'magulu atatu:

1. Matenda a chiwindi. Poterepa, pali zotupa za hepatocytes (maselo a chiwindi), zomwe zimayambitsa makina a minofu edema kapena kusinthika kwake. Kuwonjezeka kwa chiwindi chifukwa cha edema kumazimiririka pambuyo poti kutupa kumachotsedwa. Ndi kukonzanso kwamphamvu kwa hepatocytes, zonse ndizovuta. Mwanjira imeneyi, gawo limodzi lokha la maselo a chiwindi limabwezeretsedwa, ndipo ena onse amaloledwa ndi minyewa yolumikizana (khungu). Zotsatira zake, chiwindi chimayamba kukula ndikukula ndikuwuma. Matenda osiyanasiyana a chiwindi amatha kukhala zomwe zimayambitsa hepatomegaly: autoimmune ndi virpatitis hepatitis, echinococcosis, polycystosis, cirrhosis ndi fibrosis, neoplasms yoyipa, etc.
2. Matenda odzikundikira. Chifukwa cha kusokonezeka kwa metabolic m'chiwindi, glycogen, chitsulo, chakudya, mafuta ndi zinthu zina zimayamba kudziunjikira, zomwe zimapangitsa kukula kwa ziwalo. Matenda monga hepatolenticular degeneration, amyloidosis, mafuta hepatosis, hemochromatosis. Ambiri aiwo ndi cholowa. Koma ena, monga hepatosis yamafuta, amatha kuchitika chifukwa cha kunenepa kwambiri, uchidakwa, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala kwakanthawi.
3. Matenda amitsempha limodzi ndi kufooka kwa magazi ndipo kumayambitsa kuperewera kwa chakudya cha hepatocytes ndi kusokonekera kwa chiwindi. Zomwe zimayambitsa hepatomegaly pamenepa ndi kufa kwa maselo a chiwindi ndi kukula kwa minofu yolumikizana m'malo mwawo.

Mitundu ya chitukuko

Hepatomegaly ali ndi mitundu yambiri ya chitukuko, chomwe chimasiyanitsidwa malinga ndi kukula kwa limba:

1. Gawo losasinthika - chiwindi chimawonjezeka ndi masentimita 1-2, chithunzi chazizwitsa sichipo. Matendawa amatha kupezeka kudzera mwa ma diagnostics a ultrasound.
2. Gawo limodzi - ziwalo zina za ziwalo zimakulitsidwa. Nthawi zambiri, kuphwanya kwa homogeneity kwa chiwindi mawonekedwe. Matendawa ndiwowopsa omwe amayambitsa mawonekedwe a zotupa za oncological, cysts, mawonekedwe a purulent.
3. Hepatomegaly yolimbitsa thupi ndikuwonjezereka pang'ono kwa chiwindi, komwe kumatha chifukwa cha kudya kosayenera, kumwa pafupipafupi zakumwa zoledzeretsa. Komanso, mtundu wa matendawa nthawi zambiri umapezeka mu makanda.
4. Gawo lambiri la pathological process - zochulukitsa za ziwalo. Pali chithunzi chomwe chikuwonetsa kukula kwachangu cha matenda a chiwindi. Ngati matendawa akuwonjezeka popanda chithandizo choyenera, chiwindi chimatenga gawo lonse lamkati. Zomwe zimapangitsa kukula kwa izi ndi njira ya oncological.
5. Kukula kwa hepatomegaly - kukula kwa chiwindi ndi 12 masentimita kapena kupitirira kuposa zabwinobwino. Kupangidwe kwa ma abscesses angapo kumachitika. Pakadali pano, matendawa amatha kuchiritsidwa pokhapokha ngati akuchitapo kanthu.

Njira zomwe zimachitika asanayambike gawo loyipa la matendawa zimasinthidwanso ndipo zimatha kusintha pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo komanso kusintha kwa zakudya.

Njira yodwalitsa matendawa ndi njira yovuta kwambiri yotsatirika yomwe imachitika motsutsana ndi matenda ammbuyo, mitundu yotsogola ya chiwindi, kupezeka kwa khansa. Sitha kuthandizidwa chifukwa cholephera kuthetsa matenda omwe adakulitsa chiwindi.

Mlingo wa hepatomegaly umatengera matenda kapena matenda omwe adayambitsa.

Zowonetsa zazikulu za hepatomegaly ndi:

• kumva kupsinjika mu hypochondrium yoyenera - yolimba kwambiri, yolimba mutatha kudya mafuta ochepa kapena zonunkhira,
• zilonda m'malo omwewo, kukulira malo kumbali yakumanja, nthawi zina - kupweteka m'dera lumbar.

Ndi hepatomegaly yayikulu, kuwawa kumanja kumatha kuchitika ndi kusuntha kulikonse.

• kukulitsa m'mimba
• zovuta zam'mimba,
• Zizindikiro zakutsutsana kwa ziwalo zoyandikana, zomwe zimawonetsedwa ndikuphwanya ntchito za ziwalozi.

Matenda a Dyspeptic omwe amawonedwa ndi hepatomegaly amasinthidwe am'mbali mwa mbali ya m'mimba. Izi zikuphatikiza:

• kukoma kowawa mkamwa
• mpweya wabwino
• kugona kosasangalatsa ndi kukoma kwa dzira lakale,
• kutentha kwa mtima
• nseru
• kudzimbidwa
• kutulutsa ndi kusokoneza mpweya.

Zizindikiro zodabwitsa za hepatomegaly zimawonedwanso (sizotsatira zowonjezera kukula kwa chiwindi ndikudziyimira pawokha, koma zomwe zimayambitsa zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi zomwe zimayambitsa hepatomegaly):

• chikwangwani chachikaso pa lilime,
• ascites - madzimadzi aulere m'mimba,
• zotupa pakhungu,
• khungu "nyenyezi" - mawonekedwe a mtima,
• Khungu
• kusenda khungu la manja, pamphumi ndi makola amkati,
• mawonekedwe achikasu a pakhungu, mucous nembanemba ndi sclera. Ndi matenda ena, kamvekedwe ka khungu kumakhala kotheka,
• chizimba pamasaya - nthawi zambiri mtundu wa kachilomboka, wophatikizidwa ndi "nyenyezi" zam'mimba,
• chizolowezi chowononga magazi a dera lililonse,
• hepatic kanjedza (kanjedza erythema) - redness pakhungu pankhope ya manja,
• Nthawi zina - red of theles (ofanana ndi hepatic kanjedza),
• kutupa kwa minofu yofewa.

Zizindikiro zofala zomwe zingachitike ndi hepatomegaly ndi:

• kuchepa kwadzidzidzi kwa ogwira ntchito ndi kuchuluka kwa antchito pamtolo wambiri,
• kufooka kopanda kufotokozedwa
• kutopa pambuyo ponyamula katundu pang'ono ngakhale mutapuma,
• kusowa tulo - kumverera kwa kusowa tulo.

Nthawi zambiri, kuwonongeka pamlingo wambiri kumawonedwa ndi kuledzera, komwe kumayamba ndi kuwonongeka kwa chiwindi - kuphatikizapo zomwe zimapangitsa hepatomegaly.

Kodi hepatomegaly yabwino?

Mwa hepatomegaly wolimbitsa thupi amatanthauza kuwonjezeka pang'ono kwa ziwonetsero zama chiwindi, osapitirira 20 mm, omwe angadziwike pokhapokha pogwiritsa ntchito njira zamaganizidwe othandizira. Zizindikiro zamankhwala za hepatomegaly zolimbitsa thupi nthawi zambiri zimakhala zochepa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuzindikira koyambirira kwa vutoli. Matenda owoneka bwino a hepatomegaly amawonekera pokhapokha nthawi yayitali komanso ma organic lesion a parenchyma, limodzi ndi ziwalo zolakwika. Chifukwa chake, hepatomegaly yolimbitsa thupi imakonda kupita patsogolo ndikuyambitsa kudwala kwakukulu kwa odwala.

Zizindikiro zodziwika bwino za hepatomegaly ndizowonetsa poizoni mwanjira ya kufooka kosasinthika, kutopa, komwe sikugwirizana ndi zochitika zolimbitsa thupi za munthu.Kuchepetsa hepatomegaly pafupifupi sikumayambitsa kupweteka kwambiri pamimba, komabe, odwala ena omwe ali ndi matenda amtunduwu amadzinenera za kusasangalatsa kwa kupweteka kwa epigastrium kumanja, kutentha kwa mtima komanso kutaya chilakolako chakuchepa. Maonekedwe ngakhale osawoneka bwino amtunduwu wa hepatomegaly amayenera kupititsa patsogolo kufufuza kwa wodwalayo kuti athetse zomwe zimachitika. Kulumikizana koyambirira pakupezeka kwa hepatomegaly kwapakati ndikuwunika kwa m'mimba, komabe, ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti mwa odwala ena, ultrasound imatha kukhala yovuta, chifukwa chake, kuwunika kwina koyesa kwam'mimba kuyenera kuchitidwa.

Zizindikiro za hepatomegaly zolimbitsa thupi nthawi zambiri zimatha kukhala zochepa mwachilengedwe, ndiye kuti, kukulitsidwa kwa chiwindi sikuchitika mosasiyanitsa, koma chifukwa cha kusintha kwa madera ochepa a hepatic parenchyma, zizindikiro za echo ndizozindikira madera osokonekera mu mawonekedwe a ma abscesses, zotupa, metastases.

Hepatomegaly yolimbitsa thupi nthawi zambiri imayamba kupezeka ndi matenda monga hepatosis yamafuta, omwe maziko a hepatocytes amasintha m'maselo a mafuta. Chofunikira chachikulu cha etiopathogenetic pakupanga hepatomegaly yapakati chifukwa cha mafuta a hepatosis ndi kunenepa kwam'madzi, ndiye kuti, munthu amadya mafuta ambiri osavuta. Mafuta hepatosis amatanthauza mawonekedwe a hepatomegaly omwe amapita pang'onopang'ono ndipo magawo angapo amawadziwika mu pathogenesis yakukula kwake.

Zizindikiro

Sizotheka kuti wodwalayo azindikire yekha hepatomegaly payekha, popeza zizindikiro zake sizowonjezereka, ndizosavuta kuwona kuwonjezeka kwamankhwala.

Kuti adziwe zolondola, dokotalayo amayang'anitsitsa mbiri yachipatala ya wodwalayo, amamvera madandaulo ake, amatulutsa m'mimba, makamaka hypochondrium. Pambuyo pa kuyeserera, kufufuza kwa odwala ndi othandizira amalembera. Ndikofunikira osati kungotsimikizira chowonadi cha kuchuluka kwa ziwalo, komanso kuti mudziwe chifukwa chenicheni chomwe zidachitikira.

Diagnostics imaphatikizapo njira zotsatirazi:

• magazi zamankhwala
• kuyezetsa magazi kwamankhwala,
• kuyesa kwa chiwindi
• immunogram
• coagulogram,
• kuyesa kwa zotupa (ngati kuli kotheka),
• kuwunikira
• kupimidwa kwa ultrasound kwa ziwalo zomwe zili m'mimba,
• radiology
• zopangidwa tomography.

Atalandira zotsatira zonse zoyeserera, dokotala amalemba njira yothandizira kwambiri.

Malamulo onse

Hepatomegaly -Mawu omwe amatanthauza chidziwitso chowona cha kuchuluka kwa ziwindi / chiwongola dzanja. Atazindikira mwa thupi (palpation, percussion) ndi zida zothandiza (ultrasound, MR, CT) njira zowunika pamimba. Nthawi zambiri amaphatikizidwa ndi ndulu (hepatosplenomegaly). Kuchulukitsidwa kwa chiwindi kukula sikutanthauza matenda odziyimira pawokha, koma ndi gawo la zovuta za matenda angapo. Zodziwika bwino ndi izi:

• Matenda a chiwindi (matenda a chiwindi, hepatitis B kapena Ndi, echinococcosis, matenda ammbuyokuledzera kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana). Zikatero, chiwindi chimayamba kuzimiririka ndikutupa, pomwe ma cell a chiwindi amwalira, ma voids amasinthidwa ndi minyewa yotupa, yomwe imapangitsa kukula kwake.
• Matenda oyamba ndi chibadwa chathuhemochromatosis, glycogeneis) ndi sekondale - matenda odzikundikira ndi matenda a lipid metabolism, zomwe zimatsogolera pakupanga chiwindi chamafuta.
• Matenda a mtima - omwe magazi a conoustive venous amayamba m'chiwindi, komwe kumayambitsa edrenchyma edema, thupilo limatupa, limakula ndikukula.

Zizindikiro zokhala ndi chiwindi chokula, monga lamulo, zimawonetsedwa ngati chiwonjezerocho chafika pakukula kwakukulu. Nthawi zambiri, hepatomegaly imawoneka ndi kulemera mbali yakumanja ndi kupuma kwakukuru komanso kusintha kwa malo amthupi ndi kupweteka kosakoka. Nthawi zina, titha kuwonedwa mavuto a dyspeptic - nseru kutentha kwa mtimazopumira zakhumudwa, halitosis. Chizindikiro cha hepatomegaly ndi kuwonongeka kwa chiwindi parenchyma ndi cholestasis Khungu lake limakhala loyang'ana pakhungu.

Chithandizo chimatengera chomwe chimayambitsa chiwindi chachikulu. Komabe, mosasamala chomwe chimayambitsa, chofunikira cha mankhwalawa ndichakudya chosankhidwa makamaka chofuna kuchepetsa katundu pa chiwindi ndikuchepetsa zochitika zolimbitsa thupi. Zakudya zokhala ndi chiwindi chophatikizidwa zimakhazikitsidwa pazomwe zimachitika pochiritsira Tebulo nambala 5 malinga ndi Pevzner ndipo cholinga chake ndi kuteteza thupi ndi kuchepetsa ntchito yotupa. Mfundo zazikuluzikulu zokhudzana ndi zakudya zamankhwala ndizothandiza:

• kuphatikiza zakudya zopatsa mphamvu zamagulu onse azakudya zazikuluzikuluzikulu,
• kusamala chakudya
• pafupipafupi komanso mtundu wa chakudya.

Zakudya izi zimapereka kuchepa kwa mafuta (makamaka chosakanizira), mankhwala ena a sodium chloride mpaka 6-10 g / tsiku, zakunja ndi mafuta ofunikira omwe amapezeka muzinthu zomwe zimakhala ndi zotsutsa. Zakudya zophika sizimaphatikizidwa kwathunthu, kugwiritsa ntchito zakudya zomwe zimakhala ndi purines ndizochepa (offal, yisiti yophika, salmon caviar, nsomba zam'madzi, nsomba, sardines, hering'i, bowa wa porcini, tuna, sprats), kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa mazira a nkhuku kuli ndi malire.

Zakudya zimakonzedwa ndi kuphika, kudyetsa ndi kuphika, zomwe zimapereka chiwindi kuti zisatayike pazinthu zamankhwala. Kuphika ndi kukazinga komanso kukazika kwambiri sikuvomerezeka. Zakudya sizipukutidwa, kupatula masamba owunda. Chakudyachi ndichakudya, chomwe chimatsimikizira kutuluka kwa ndulu nthawi zonse. Mphamvu yamakokedwe azakudya pamlingo wa 2400-2600 kcal (90-100 g mapuloteni, 350-400 g wamafuta ndi 80 g yamafuta). Kuchuluka kwa madzimadzi aulere omwe amamwa kuli mkati mwa 1.5 l / tsiku.

Sizoletsedwa kuphatikiza nyama yamafuta, nyama zosuta, zakudya zam'chitini, impso, ma sec, masoseji, mafuta ophikira, zinthu zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kuzungulira / kupesa m'matumbo (kabichi, nyemba, mapira), nyemba, nsomba / nyama ndi msuzi wa bowa womwe ukhale ndi zambiri ma extracatives, mafuta / wowawasa kanyumba tchizi, zonona, zinthu zofunika mafuta (anyezi wobiriwira, adyo, ma turnips, radara, radara), othandizira obisalira a madzi a m'mimba (zonunkhira, horseradish, mchere, mchere ndi kuzifutsa, mpiru), zipatso zowawasa, zakumwa ndi mafuta, chakumwa cha chidakwa , Mitanda ndi zonona, khofi, chocolate, koko, ayisikilimu.

Zakudya za chiwindi hepatomegaly zimatengera kuphatikizidwa muzakudya zamafuta a nyama (nyama yamphongo, ng'ombe, nkhuku, nkhuku) ndi nsomba zam'nyanja (mpaka katatu pa sabata), masamba osiyanasiyana, msuzi wamasamba, zipatso zosakhala acidic ndi zipatso zamtundu uliwonse , mpunga, buluwheat, oatmeal wophika m'madzi kapena mkaka wothira, zinthu zamkaka, tchizi chosakhala wowawasa wopanda mafuta, masamba osiyanasiyana am'madzi omwe ali ndi ma polyunsaturated FAs, zinthu za soya, uchi, jamu, marshmallows, rosehip kulowetsedwa, misuzi yotsekemera komanso zopanda mchere. madzi owala.

Zinthu Zololedwa

Zakudya za chiwindi hepatomegaly zimaphatikizapo:

• Mkate wowuma / dzulo kapena zoyera zoyera.
• Masamba ophika zamasamba kapena ofooka okonzedwa ndi nyama yofowoka ndi msuzi wa nsomba ndi kuwonjezera kwa chimanga komanso masamba ophika bwino. Mukakonza msuzi, msuzi woyamba umatulutsidwa, kenako nyama / nsomba zimaphikidwa mbali yatsopano yamadzi.
• Zakudya zamtundu wa nyama yofiira (ng'ombe, nyama yamwana wamchere) ndi nyama ya kalulu, nkhuku, nkhuku. Nthawi zina, konda nkhumba. Nyama yophika ikhoza kuphika.
• Mitundu yamafuta ochepa (nsomba, nsomba ya pike, nsomba yankhanira, cod) mu yophika / yophika, yodulidwa kapena yowonda.
• Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya chimanga, yokonzedwa ndi kuwonjezera kwa mkaka kapena pamadzi, vermicelli / pasitala yaying'ono.
• Masamba (mbatata, zoyera / kolifulawa, kaloti, beets, nkhaka, dzungu, zukini, zukini), zonse monga mawonekedwe a saladi, ndikuwuphika / kuphika monga mawonekedwe ambale yam'mbali ndi mafuta a masamba. Mutha kuwonjezera zitsamba zatsopano / zouma zam'munda muzakudya zanu.
• Zopangira mkaka wowawasa ndi tchizi wopanda mafuta acidiki otsika, tchizi zakunyumba.
• Ma zipatso okoma: zipatso zophika ndi maapulo atsopano, nthochi zowunda, ma apricots, mapichesi, mapichesi, maapuloni, ma kiwi, mapiri, mapiri, maula, masamba, zipatso, zipatso, maapulo owuma, makangaza, mavenda, zoumba, mavwende, mphesa (mukalekerera), ma buliberries, komanso timadziti tatsopano tothilitsidwa tothiritsidwa ndimadzi, zakudya, zakudya komanso zipatso.
• Mafuta amaresi osaphika (mpendadzuwa, chimanga, maolivi) kuphika ndi kuvala. Batala zosaposa 40 g pa tsiku chifukwa chovala chakudya chokonzekera.
• Monga mchere - uchi pang'ono, caramel, marmalade, marshmallows, pastille, jamu, jamu pang'ono.
• Madzi aulere - mpaka malita awiri mumtundu wa timadziti tatsopano tamadzimadzi tosungunulidwa ndi madzi, mankhwala a zitsamba, tiyi wazipatso / zipatso, rosehip kulowetsedwa, madzi amchere. Madzi ayenera kukhala firiji, osamwa zakumwa zozizira.

Kodi kuchitira hepatomegaly?

Ndi chiwindi chokulirapo, chithandizo chimayikidwa kutengera zotsatira zake. Ngati hepatomegaly imayambitsidwa ndi hepatitis ya viral, ndiye kuti kuchira kwathunthu kumatha kuchitika mwakutsatira malangizo a dokotala wanu. Mankhwalawa amachitika kwakanthawi. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda titachotsa m'thupi, ndikofunikira kuti tisayambirenso.

Chithandizo cha hepatomegaly ndi mankhwala:

1. Chithandizo cha matenda oyambitsidwa ndi mankhwala. Hepatitis (A, B, etc.) amafunika kuikidwa kwa antiviral agents. Listeriosis ndi ena mabakiteriya amathandizidwa ndi maantibayotiki.
2. Echinococcosis ndi chisonyezo chokhazikitsidwa ndi mankhwala anthelmintic (Mebendazole ndi ena).
3. Matenda a oncological amafuna kuikidwa kwa ma chemotherapeutic agents. Kulephera kwa mtima kumathandizidwa ndi mtima glycosides.
4. hepatoprotectors - mankhwala omwe amateteza ku kuwonongeka kwa maselo a chiwindi ndikubwezeretsa kale hepatocytes. Pachifukwa ichi, gwiritsani ntchito: phospholipids, mankhwala azitsamba, zovuta za mavitamini ndi amino acid.

Hepatomegaly nthawi zonse imafuna kufufuza kwathunthu kwa wodwala kuti afotokozere bwino za matendawo.

M'matenda ena, minyewa ya chiwindi imatha kubwezeretsedwanso. Chifukwa, mwachitsanzo, popanda mitundu yayikulu ya matenda a chiwindi a hepatitis, kuchira kwathunthu kumachitika, ndipo chiwindi chimakhala ndi kukula kwake.

Matenda opita patsogolo omwe amachititsa kuti maselo ambiri a chiwindi aperekedwe ndikufotokozeredwa ndi maselo osakanikirana a minyewa nthawi zambiri amatha kutha kwa cirrhosis. Ndizosatheka kubwezeretsa kwathunthu ntchito ya chiwindi pamenepa.

Pochotsa opaleshoni yomwe imayambitsa hepatomegaly ntchito:

• kutseguka ndi kukhetsa kwa ma abscesses a chiwindi - ndi matenda opatsirana,
• Kuchotsa zotupa - ndi khansa. Kuchotsa zotupa pa chimbudzi kumachitika pakakulitsa chiwindi.
• Kutupa kwamitsempha yamagazi pakukhetsa magazi chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa ziwindi.

Ngati hepatomegaly imayambitsidwa ndi pachimake thrombosis, ndikuwonetsa chiwindi.

Chepetsani kapena musatenge zinthu izi:

Gulu la Hepatomegaly

Kutengera kuchuluka kwa kuchuluka kwa ziwalo ndi zizindikiro, mitunduyi imasiyanitsidwa:

• osazindikira - chiwalo chimakula ndi masentimita 1-2. Kupweteka sikuchitika, chifukwa chake mtundu uwu umatha kupezeka kokha mothandizidwa ndi ultrasound. Kusintha kwa zinthu kumayamba,
• tsankho - chiwindi chimawonjezeka mosagwirizana, pokhapokha pamagawo ena, magawo. Nthawi zambiri chimakhala choyenera kapena kumanzere kwa lobe, nthawi zambiri mzere wotsika,
• zolimbitsa - Uku ndi kuwonjezeka pang'ono, komwe mwina kumachitika chifukwa cha ukalamba. Nthawi zambiri mtundu uwu umapezeka mwa ana azaka zapakati pa 5-7,
• kutchulidwa - njira za pathological, kusintha kumachitika mwachangu mu chiwalo, koma ndikosinthanso. Mtunduwu umachitika kawirikawiri ndi leukemia, hemoblastosis, pamene maselo owopsa ambiri amapezeka mu minofu. Chodziwika cha necrosis chikuwonekera, minofu yolumikizana imakula. Chiwindi chimakhala chachikulu kwambiri, chimakhala pafupifupi ndi gawo lonse, ndikusokoneza ntchito ya ziwalo zonse.
• sokoneza - amapezeka ngati kukula kwa chiwindi mwa munthu wamkulu kukufika masentimita 12 mpaka 13. Chinthu china cha thupi chimakhudzidwa.

Kutengera chomwe chikuyambitsa chitukuko, pali:

• matenda amtundu wina. Nthawi zambiri awa ndi zotupa zopatsirana zomwe zimayambitsa ma abscesses ndikupatsa hepatomegaly. Wodwala amakhala ndi ululu wamanja pansi pa nthiti, tachycardia ya mtima, kuzizira,
• kuvulala
• chobadwa nacho.

Hepatomegaly imatha kuchitika pakati pa nthawi yobereka.

Kupima mayeso

Njira yoyamba yodziwira hepatomegaly ndikumverera m'mimba mwanu. Dokotala azindikira nthawi yomweyo kuchuluka kapena kukulira kwa ziwalo. Kenako amayenera kupatsidwa mayeso. Ithandizira kudziwa kuchuluka kwa hepatomegaly, mtundu wake, chifukwa.

Ndikudziwitsa kuti chithandizo cham'tsogolo chimapangidwa. Dokotala amachita zamkamwa, zam'maso, amawunika zamitsempha, amatenga anamnesis, amafunsira wodwalayo za momwe akumvera, zomwe zingachitike. Ndikofunikira kupatula vuto locheperako kapena loipa.

Dotolo afotokozere ngati wodwalayo amamwa mankhwalawo, kuchuluka kwa momwe amamwa mowa, momwe amadya. Kuti mudziwe bwino, atha kuperekanso malangizo:

• kuyezetsa magazi kwa biochemistry, chitsulo,
• Ultrasound yam'mimba yam'mimba (imakupatsani mwayi wowona mawonekedwe a ziwalo),
• CT, MRI ya peritoneum,
• X-ray
• kusanthula kwa chiwindi (kuyesa kwa chiwindi),
• biopsy (zimachitika pokhapokha ngati kuli kofunikira).

Njira zonsezi zimakuthandizani kuti mudziwe zomwe zinayambitsa matenda. Ndikofunikira kupatula ma pathologies okhala ndi zizindikiro zofanana (hepatosis, steatohepatosis, chiwindi steatosis, hepatoptosis).

Mankhwala

Onetsetsani kuti mwamwetsa mankhwala kuti mulimbikitse nembanemba ya cell (Ursosan, Karsil, Fort Wofunika) Kusankhidwa kwa mankhwala ena kumatengera zomwe zimayambitsa. Mankhwala opha ma virus amagwiritsidwa ntchito ku matenda a virus, maantibayotiki matenda opatsirana, ndi glucocorticosteroids a cirrhosis. Ngati kulephera kwa chiwindi ndi ascites kumachitika, diuretics imagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Pamodzi ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo, zolimbitsa thupi zolimbitsa thupi, kudya, ndi kukana zizolowezi zoyipa zimawonetsedwa.

Njira ina

Chithandizo cha anthu chingagwiritsidwe ntchito nthawi iliyonse chitukuko cha matenda. Zimapezeka kunyumba ndipo zidzakhala zowonjezera.

Amagwira ntchito bwino kwambiri komanso pang'ono. Potere, zitsamba zosankhidwa bwino zimathandiza kubwezeretsa ziwalo.

Timakupatsirani njira zowoneka bwino kwambiri komanso zotsimikiziridwa zomwe zingabwezeretse ntchito ya chiwindi.

• Ndikofunikira kusakaniza sage, motherwort mofananamo, kuwonjezera chimodzimodzi mizu ya peony, dandelion, chicory. Chilichonse chosakanizidwa bwino, chodzaza ndi 500 ml ya madzi. Kusakaniza kuyenera kusungidwa pamoto wotsika mpaka mphindi 40. Kukulakulani kulowetsedwa ndikuyilola kuti ichitike kwa maola angapo, kenako kupsyinjika. Msuzi umafunika kuti uledzere m'masiku ochepa Mlingo wa 2-3.

• Mu kapu yamadzi ofunda (200 ml), kuchepetsa supuni ziwiri za uchi ndi mandimu. Zakumwa zimayenera kuledzera m'mawa komanso musanagone. Chonde dziwani kuti ndi matenda ashuga amatsutsana.

• Dzungu limathandizanso ndi hepatomegaly. Muyenera kuwotcha dzungu (500 g) ndikudya patsiku limodzi. Mutha kufinya msuzi wa masamba awa, kuwiritsa kapena kuwuphika.

• Mutha kudya theka la beet owiritsa (ofiira) tsiku lililonse kapena kuwonjezera saladi.

• Ndikulimbikitsidwa kudya osachepera kamodzi apulo patsiku kapena kumwa madzi kuchokera kwa iwo.

• Ndi zowawa, msuzi, msuzi wazipatso za sitiroberi, kiranberi angathandize. Pakalibe contraindication, kapu ya mabulosi madzi ayenera kumwa asanadye m'mawa.

• Kuwaza zipatso kuchokera ku sauerkraut kudzathandizanso. Mutha kuwonjezera kapu yamadzi a phwetekere kwa iwo. Phukusi ili limayenera kuledzera m'malo angapo.

• M'mawa komanso musanagone, mutha kumwa mafuta osapsa: maolivi kapena mpendadzuwa. Kenako ndikofunikira kugona pansi kumanzere kwanu, ndikuyika chopukutira pansi pake. Chifukwa chake muyenera kugona mpaka ola limodzi.

• Popewa ndi kuchiza, ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito masamba osakanizidwa ndi uchi. Kuti mukhale ndi chithandizo chamankhwala, ndikokwanira kutenga 5ores ndi uchi pang'ono.

• Musanadye, ndikofunika kudya zipatso za juniper (mpaka 15 patsiku muyezo zingapo).

Zakudya zopatsa mphamvu pakukulitsa chiwindi

Osadalira piritsi limodzi. Pamodzi ndi chithandizo chamankhwala, muyenera kutsatira zakudya, kusiya zoipa zonse. Izi zifulumira kuchira.

Ndikofunikira kwambiri kukhazikitsa zakudya zoyenera. Malamulo akulu ndi:

• chakudya chizikhala chopindika - 6 pa tsiku. Mwa iwo pali zakudya zazikulu zitatu ndi zazing'ono zitatu,
• tengani magawo ang'onoang'ono
• yokazinga kwathunthu, mafuta
• nthunzi, kuphika, kuphika,
• Gawo lamafuta a tsiku ndi tsiku - mpaka 70 g. M'malo mwa mafuta a nyama, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta azomera,
• shuga wopanda, maswiti, mkate,
• Simungadye nyama yamafuta, mafuta anyama, nsomba, zakudya zam'chitini, zakudya zamchere,
• phatikizani mbewu monga chimanga, masamba azaka, zipatso muzakudya zanu.

Ndikofunikira kusungitsa kuchuluka kwazitsulo ndi zinthu zina m'magazi. Zofunikira izi zikufanana ndi tebulo Na. 5.

Mavuto omwe angakhalepo

Chimodzi mwamavuto owopsa kwambiri ndi matenda a mtima. Maselo a chiwindi amawonongeka. Amasinthidwa ndi minofu yolumikizira, yomwe singagwire ntchito iliyonse. Zolumikizika zolumikizana zimakhala m'malo ambiri a necrosis. Chiwindi sichingathenso kupirira ndi ntchito zake.

Odwala otere, magazi amatuluka, khungu limayamba kupendekeka, ndipo kupweteka kwamasamba kumawonedwa nthawi zonse pansi pa nthiti kumanja.

Kuzindikira komanso kupewa hepatomegaly

Popewa, mankhwala a hepatoprotective ndi mankhwala.

Zotsatira zake zimatengera mtundu wamatenda komanso kuwonongeka kwa ziwalo. Ngati chiwindi ndi chomwe chimayambitsa, ndiye kuti chithandizo choyenera chimayambiranso. Chiwindi chimabwereranso kukula kwake.

Ndi cirrhosis, chiwalo sichidzachira, popeza gawo lamaselo labwinobwino limasinthidwanso ndi zipsera za minyewa yolumikizana. Wodwala amakhala akuvutitsidwa ndi kupweteka, kufooka, kuledzera. Pankhaniyi, mutha kokha kuchepetsa chiwonetsero cha matendawa.

Ndikofunikira kubwezeretsa mulingo wa ma enzymes ndikuthandizira ntchito ya thupi. Mkhalidwe wa wodwala wodwala matenda ena amayamba kuvuta pang'onopang'ono chifukwa cha hepatomegaly. Pazowopsa kwambiri, pamakhala matendawo omwe amatulutsa matendawa ndi kufa.

Popewa, ndikofunikira kutsatira zakudya, kusiya mowa ndi zizolowezi zina zoyipa, ndikuchiza matenda omwe amayambitsa panthawi yake.

Hepatomegaly: Kodi matenda a chiwindi ndi chiani?

Hepatomegaly ndi njira yowonjezera chiwindi, yoyambitsidwa ndi mikhalidwe yosiyanasiyana yopweteka. Zitha kuyambitsa kusintha kwa chiwindi kapena chodalira, koma ndimakhazikika, chifukwa ndimatenda omwe amatsogolera kusintha kwakukulu mu kukula kwa ziwalo zomwe sizachilendo kwa iyo ngakhale munthawi yowonjezereka yogwira ntchito.

Chiwindi chimakhala pansi pa diaphragm ndipo chili ndi ma lobes awiri, chimatchedwa "fyuluta lachilengedwe" chifukwa chakuchotsa zinthu zovulaza m'thupi ndikuyeretsa magazi. Munthawi yabwino, imakhala ndi mawonekedwe osalala, makulidwe ake sayambitsa kupweteka.

Magawo abwinobwino a chiwalo mukamayipima ndi chipangizo cha ultrasound m'mayendedwe a anteroposterior ndi 12,5 masentimita poyeza lobe lamanja ndi masentimita 7 - lobe lamanzere. Kukula kwakumapeto ndi 20 - 22. cm.

Kuwonjezeka kwa kukula kwa chiwindi sikumakhala ndi chidziwitso chokhudza matendawa, koma kumakhala chizindikiro chodziwikiratu kuti matenda akupanga.

Ndikofunika kutsindika kuti chiwindi chimakhala ndi malo obwezeretsanso, motero matendawa amatha kupezeka kwa nthawi yayitali osakhala ndi zizindikiro.

Izi malo amalola kuti thupi lizigwira ntchito yake ngakhale ndi zotupa za 50% kapena kupitirira. Hepatomegaly yofatsa imatha kupitilira mwa anthu kwazaka zambiri.

Kutengera ndi kuchuluka kwa kuchuluka kwa ziwalo, pali:

• hepatomegaly yocheperako (kusintha pang'ono kukula kwake ndi kapangidwe kake kosagwirizana ndi zomwe zimachitika),
• kutchulidwa (kutalika kwa 10 cm kuchokera ku chizolowezi),
• kusokoneza (oposa masentimita 10).

Dongosolo hepatomegaly ndi njira ina, pamene chiwindi chimachuluka mosagwirizana - gawo lokha kapena gawo limodzi.

Matenda a mtima

Izi sizimapangitsa kuti hepatomegaly akhanda ndi ana aang'ono. Nthawi zambiri, amapezeka mwa anthu azaka zapakati kapena okalamba. Zomwe zimakulitsa limba mu nkhaniyi ndi izi:

• kulephera kwazungulira,
• constictive pericarditis.

Zizindikiro ndi zikhalidwe

Hepatomegaly ya chiwindi ndi kukula kwachulukidwe ka ziwalo ndi kusintha kosafunikira kwake. Ndi matenda awa, chiwindi chimagwira mosavuta pansi pa nthiti, pomwe chida chathanzi chimakhala chovuta kuchimba. Pa palpation, wodwalayo amamva kuwawa, komwe kumakhalanso chizindikiro cha matendawo. Hepatomegaly ndi chizindikiro chomwe chikuwonetsa kuti chiwindi chimafuna chithandizo.

Zizindikiro zotsatirazi zitha kuvutitsa wodwala:

• Zomverera zopweteka kapena kumverera kolemetsa kumbali yakumanja, makamaka posintha mawonekedwe a thupi.
• Thumba totupa lomwe limatsatana ndi kuyabwa. Nthawi zina madontho ofiira amawoneka pakhungu, ofanana ndi akangaude - okhala ndi "miyendo" yolowera mbali. Amadziwikanso kuti "chiwindi."
• Kuchulukana kwamadzi m'mimba.
• Kudzimbidwa (osati kutsekula m'mimba kokha, komanso kudzimbidwa).
• Kuchulukitsa kwam'mimba.
• Kutentha kwapakati pafupipafupi, komwe kumalumikizidwa ndi kupuma movutikira.
• Kuchepetsa mseru

Lobe lamanzere silimachulukitsidwa, nthawi zambiri limakhala loyenerera. Lobe yakumanzere imakhala pafupi ndi kapamba, chifukwa chake chiwonjezero cha gawo ili la chiwindi nthawi zambiri chimalumikizidwa ndi vuto la gland.

Mulingo woyenera wa chiwindi nthawi zambiri umakonda kuchita hepatomegaly. Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha katundu wamkulu yemwe amayikidwa pamenepo. Komanso, kuchuluka kwake kungakhale kwachilengedwe, osati zotsatira za matendawa. Pozindikiritsa, chidwi chachikulu chimalipidwa kumbali yakumanja ya chiwindi, chifukwa ndi chomwe chimayendetsa katundu wamkulu komanso magwiridwe antchito.

Zizindikiro za matendawa kutengera zomwe zikuwononga chiwindi

Kodi kuchitira hepatomegaly chiwindi?

Ndi chiwindi chokulirapo, chithandizo chimayikidwa kutengera zotsatira zake. Ngati hepatomegaly imayambitsidwa ndi hepatitis ya viral, ndiye kuti kuchira kwathunthu kumatha kuchitika mwakutsatira malangizo a dokotala wanu. Mankhwalawa amachitika kwakanthawi. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda titachotsa m'thupi, ndikofunikira kuti tisayambirenso.

Chithandizo cha hepatomegaly ndi mankhwala:

1. Chithandizo cha matenda oyambitsidwa ndi mankhwala. Hepatitis (A, B, etc.) amafunika kuikidwa kwa antiviral agents. Listeriosis ndi ena mabakiteriya amathandizidwa ndi maantibayotiki.
2. Echinococcosis ndi chisonyezo chokhazikitsidwa ndi mankhwala anthelmintic (Mebendazole ndi ena).
3. Matenda a oncological amafuna kuikidwa kwa ma chemotherapeutic agents. Kulephera kwa mtima kumathandizidwa ndi mtima glycosides.
4. hepatoprotectors - mankhwala omwe amateteza ku kuwonongeka kwa maselo a chiwindi ndikubwezeretsa kale hepatocytes. Pachifukwa ichi, gwiritsani ntchito: phospholipids, mankhwala azitsamba, zovuta za mavitamini ndi amino acid.

Hepatomegaly nthawi zonse imafuna kufufuza kwathunthu kwa wodwala kuti afotokozere bwino za matendawo.

M'matenda ena, minyewa ya chiwindi imatha kubwezeretsedwanso. Chifukwa, mwachitsanzo, popanda mitundu yayikulu ya matenda a chiwindi a hepatitis, kuchira kwathunthu kumachitika, ndipo chiwindi chimakhala ndi kukula kwake.

Matenda opita patsogolo omwe amachititsa kuti maselo ambiri a chiwindi aperekedwe ndikufotokozeredwa ndi maselo osakanikirana a minyewa nthawi zambiri amatha kutha kwa cirrhosis. Ndizosatheka kubwezeretsa kwathunthu ntchito ya chiwindi pamenepa.

Pochotsa opaleshoni yomwe imayambitsa hepatomegaly ntchito:

• kutseguka ndi kukhetsa kwa ma abscesses a chiwindi - ndi matenda opatsirana,
• Kuchotsa zotupa - ndi khansa. Kuchotsa zotupa pa chimbudzi kumachitika pakakulitsa chiwindi.
• Kutupa kwamitsempha yamagazi pakukhetsa magazi chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa ziwindi.

Ngati hepatomegaly imayambitsidwa ndi pachimake thrombosis, ndikuwonetsa chiwindi.

Zakudya za anthu omwe ali ndi hepatomegaly

Ndi hepatomegaly, mfundo zamankhwala othandizira malinga ndi M. Pevzner zimawonedwa. Umu ndi omwe amatchedwa tebulo nambala 5 - chakudya chofatsa, chomwe chimaperekedwa kwa matenda onse omwe amayambitsidwa ndi chiwindi ndi ndulu, komanso chikhodzodzo. Zizindikiro zake ntchito ndi pachimake ndi chiwindi, matenda enaake, matenda a chiwindi.

Mfundo zazikuluzikulu zokhudzana ndi zakudya zamankhwala ndizothandiza:

• kuphatikiza zakudya zopatsa mphamvu zamagulu onse azakudya zazikuluzikuluzikulu,
• kusamala chakudya
• pafupipafupi komanso mtundu wa chakudya.

Zakudya zowonjezera chiwindi ndizophatikizira zotsatsa zotsalazo:

• oatmeal, barele, vermicelli, buckwheat kapena mpunga,
• nsomba zomwe zimayimiriridwa ndi mitundu yamafuta ochepa,
  skim mkaka
• msuzi wamkaka ndi pasitala, masamba ndi mbewu monga chimanga. Simungadye kaye maphunziro oyamba
• kutengera msuzi wolemera,
• nyama yamafuta ochepa. Itha kukhala mabokosi a nyama, ma boardb kapena ma soseji. Nthawi zina
• kuloledwa kuphika nyama muzidutswa zazikulu,
• mapuloteni omeri kuchokera dzira limodzi,
• Mitundu ya masamba imaphatikizapo kaloti, zukini, beets, mbatata ndi dzungu. Mutha kuwonjezera pazosankha
• mbale zophika, zophika kapena masamba atsopano,
• zipatso zouma
• batala (masamba, batala),
• katundu wowotchera wowotchera kuchokera kuphika dzulo popanda kuwonjezera muffin,
• wokondedwa, odzola, wokongola,
• msuzi wa rosehip.

Zakudya za hepatomegaly chiwindi zimapereka kupatulapo izi:

• Mitundu yamafuta yam nyama yofiyira, chakumwa, nyama yamadzi am'madzi, nsomba zamafuta, mafuta anyama, confectionery, chokoleti, makeke, makeke, mtanda wa puff / batala.
• Maembe ndi masamba onse oundana, sauerkraut wowawasa, ma pickles ndi ma pickles.
• Mafuta achikopa / nyama, nyama zosuta, zakudya zam'nyanja.
• Sipinachi, sorelo, radishi, anyezi, bowa, radara, adyo, mayonesi, ketchup, zokometsera zazikulu za mahatchi a tsabola, tsabola, viniga, mpiru.
• Mkaka wonse, tchizi chamchere / zonunkhira. Kugwiritsa ntchito tchizi chamafuta, kirimu wowawasa, kirimu ndi tchizi wokoma ndizochepa.
• Mazira osenda owiritsa - mpaka zidutswa zitatu pa sabata.
• Tiyi yamphamvu / khofi, cocoa, chokoleti, ayisikilimu.
• Zakumwa zoledzeretsa komanso zopatsa mphamvu, zokhala ndi zotsekemera.

Zithandizo za anthu

Kuthandiza wowerengeka azitsamba omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito pochiza hepatomegaly chiwindi.

1. Njira yothira mankhwala kuchokera ku uchi amakhudza bwino osati kungogwira ntchito kwa thupi, komanso chiwindi. M'mawa uliwonse musanagone, imwani zakumwa ziwiri za uchi, 200 ml ya madzi ofunda ndi supuni ziwiri za mandimu.
2. Youma mamawort ndi tchire, kuwonjezera dandelion muzu ndi peony. Tengani chicory. Sakanizani, kutsanulira 500 ml ya madzi. Tikudikirira kuti tiwiritse. Kuzizira - theka la ora. Timasefa ndi kumwa.
3. Dzungu Timadya, kabati, kuphika phala kapena msuzi. Mwina wina amakonda dzungu laiwisi kwambiri. Ndipo wina akufuna kupanga msuzi wa kiranberi.
4. Beetroot. Nayi masamba ena amoyo. Ndipo beets yaiwisi imafinya msuzi wake, gwiritsitsani kwa mphindi 15- 20 ndi kusakaniza ndi msuzi wa karoti watsopano mwatsopano mwa 3: 3. 100 ml ya msuzi amamwa tsiku lililonse. Komanso, beets imatha kuikidwa mu saladi kapena kuwiritsa.

Kukula kwake kumatsimikiziridwa ndikuyambitsa kwa matenda komanso kuchuluka kwa kuwonongeka kwa hepatocytes, kusinthanso kwa ndondomekoyi. Hepatomegaly imakhala yosavomerezeka pachiwindi, kuwonongeka kwa poizoni, komanso njira yayikulu ya neoplastic. Kuchulukitsa kwa ziwalo zolimbitsa thupi pamatenda ambiri, kuphatikiza matenda opatsirana ndi ma virus, kuchepa kwa hepatomegaly mwa ana amadziwika ndi maphunziro omwe amabweza mwachangu.

Kafukufuku wabwinobwino wa hepatomegaly amangokhazikitsidwa kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a oncological pa siteji ya 2-4th, komanso kwa odwala omwe ali ndi majini.

Chiwindi chimatha kubwereranso kukula monga momwe zimakhalira m'mbuyomu:

• ndimatenda a virus,
• ndi omwe amatchedwa kuchepa kwa hepatomegaly (kuwonjezereka kwakanthawi popanda kusintha kwa labotale) mwana.

Zotsatirazi ndizoyenera kudya nthawi imeneyi:

Kupewa

Kupewera kwa vutoli kumagawidwanso m'njira, kutengera zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa. Koma, paliponse, mutha kupanga malamulo otsatirawa:

1. Moyo wathanzi - palibe chomwe chimawononga chiwindi (chimodzimodzi ziwalo zina ndi machitidwe ena) monga mowa, kusuta ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Chifukwa chake, kuti muteteze chiwalo ku matenda owopsa, muyenera kuchiritsidwa pazosokoneza izi kapena, chabwino, osayesera.
2. Kupewa matenda a chiwindi - hepatitis ma virus sikuwonongeranso zimakhala zathupi. Njira zodzitetezera zimapatula kulumikizana kulikonse ndi magazi a munthu wina, ndikuwonetsa kupha tizirombo toyambitsa matenda omwe angathenso kulumikizana ndi khungu la munthu ndikumvulaza khungu, ndipo timachitidwanso kudzera mukugonana kotetezedwa.
3. Njira zodzitetezera popewa hepatosis yamafuta: khalani ndi moyo wokangalika, nthawi zambiri mumayenda mu mpweya wabwino ndikudya bwino.
4. Mankhwala okwanira komanso ochepa mankhwala, chifukwa Mankhwala ambiri, ngati sanatulutsidwe bwino, amawononga chiwindi.
5. Zabwino, zopatsa thanzi, kupatula mafuta a nyama, koma kupereka lingaliro lazakudya pa tebulo la chakudya Na. 5.
6. Zochita zolimbitsa thupi.

Kupita patsogolo kwa zamankhwala kwa moyo wa odwala omwe ali ndi hepatomegaly amatsimikiza kutengera zomwe zimapangitsa kuti izi zitheke. Ngati njirayi idapezeka kumayambiriro, ndiye kuti matendawo ndi abwino.

Matenda onse odziwika omwe amatsogolera pamkhalidwewu amachiritsidwa bwino, kuphatikiza ndi hepatitis C. Ngati wodwala akudwala kwambiri, ndiye kuti matendawa ndi abwino.

Kafukufuku wabwinobwino wa hepatomegaly amangokhazikitsidwa kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a oncological pa siteji ya 2-4th, komanso kwa odwala omwe ali ndi majini.