Kodi kuthamanga kwa magazi kumasintha bwanji ndi matenda ashuga

Matenda a shuga ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi ndizogwirizana kwambiri. Kuthamanga kwa magazi mu shuga ndi chizindikiro chofala kwambiri. Chifukwa cha kusinthasintha kwa kuchuluka kwa shuga, magazi a odwala amatenga mamasukidwe ena, izi zimayambitsa kusinthasintha kwa magazi. Onse odwala matenda ashuga amalangizidwa kuti aziyang'anira kuthamanga kwa magazi.

Kuchulukitsa kwa Matenda a shuga

Vuto la metabolic lomwe limayendetsedwa ndi matenda oopsa a hyperglycemia limatchedwa shuga mellitus. Kupsinjika pankhani iyi, monga lamulo, kumapitilira zomwe zili zodziwika bwino. Chifukwa chosowa insulini, dongosolo lamagazi limachepa, zomwe zimayambitsa matenda ena. Mwachitsanzo, matenda oopsa amakhala.

Hypertension ndi shuga mellitus zimaphatikizidwa wina ndi mzake ndikukulitsa zovuta zomwe zimasokoneza ziwalo zamunthu ndi machitidwe. Oposa theka la odwala matenda a shuga a 2 ali ndi mbiri yothamanga magazi. Poyamba, mtima wam'mimba umavutika: ziwiya zaubongo, impso, ndi retina. Amataya kunenepa komanso kusinthasintha, zomwe zimawonjezera kukakamizidwa komanso zovuta zina.

Palibe choopsa chilichonse ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi mu shuga. Zochitika zoterezi ndizowonekera kwa akazi. Hypotension imakhala yovuta kwambiri kuzindikira, chifukwa palibe zizindikiritso zoyambira. Anthu samalabadira kusokonezeka kwakukulu kwa thanzi. Izi zimabweretsa kuphwanya pang'onopang'ono magazi omwe amaperekedwa ku ziwalo ndi minofu kufa.

Chifukwa chiyani matenda oopsa?

Ngakhale matenda ochepa okhudzana ndi matenda ashuga amasokoneza thupi. Odwala oterewa amatha kutengeka mosavuta ndi mitsempha ya mitsempha, kulowetsedwa kwa myocardial, ndi stroke. Mu nthawi yoyambirira, kupanikizika kwa matenda a shuga a 2 sikumadziwika chifukwa chosowa zizindikiro. Ndi kuphatikiza kwa ma pathologies awiri - shuga ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi - ndikofunikira kulabadira zinthu zomwe zingapangitse matenda oopsa:

kusintha kwa mitsempha
zovuta za endocrine (chithokomiro cha chithokomiro, tiziwalo tamadontho totchedwa adrenal),
kusokonezeka kwamanjenje, nyengo yovuta,
zochita zolimbitsa thupi,
zosintha zokhudzana ndi zaka mthupi,
zolakwika m'zakudya,
onenepa kwambiri
kulephera kupuma, kugona tulo,
kusowa kwa kufufuza zinthu, mavitamini,
zotsatira za mankhwala oyipa
chibadwa
ma stereotypes oyipa.

Zinthu zina zitha kuganiziridwa pazifukwa zonse zomwe zimayambitsa kuthamanga kwa magazi mu matenda a shuga komanso zotsatira za matenda oopsa. Nthawi zambiri, matenda oopsa amathanso kuchitika shuga asanachitike. Kupsinjika kwa magazi kumakwera ngati mankhwala a antihypertensive amalephera mwadzidzidzi. Chifukwa chake, pofuna kupatula zoterezi, mankhwala opsinjika amayenera kuthetsedwa m'magawo. Kupsinjika kwa mtundu wa shuga wa 2 kumakhala ndi kuchulukana kwamadzulo, zomwe zimatsimikiziridwa pakuzindikira.

Zizindikiro zazikulu

Matenda oopsa a mtundu wachiwiri a anthu odwala matenda ashuga nthawi zambiri amakhala opanda chizindikiro chatsatanetsatane. Ndipo mawonetseredwe ngati mutu wong'ambika, kumva chizungulire, komanso kuwonongeka kwamawonekedwe amadziwika ndi matenda ambiri. Type 2 shuga mellitus amakhudzidwa ndi mchere wa patebulo. Nthawi zina, kuthana ndi zowonetsa zowonjezera, zimakhala zokwanira kuti munthu athe kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa sodium chloride m'mbale.

Ndi kuchepa kwa insulin, hyperkalemia imatha kukulira - kuwonjezeka kwa potaziyamu m'magazi, m'malo a intracellular kapena extracellular space.

Sizachilendo kwa munthu kukumana ndi kusinthasintha kwa tsiku lonse - kuchepa kwa zizindikiro usiku ndi m'mawa mpaka 20%. Mwa odwala matenda ashuga, kuthamanga kwa magazi kumatha kukhala kwakukulu usiku kuposa masana. Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa glucose m'magazi, omwe amadziwika kuti ndi matenda a shuga amayamba. Sitimazo zimasowa kuyankha kukakhala ndi nkhawa, zoperewera nthawi ndikukula. Odwala nthawi zambiri amakakamizidwa kuyeza kuthamanga kwa magazi masana. Ndikofunikira kudziwa molondola kuchuluka kwa maola ndi maola pamene kuli bwino kugwiritsa ntchito mapiritsi a kuthamanga kwa magazi.

Kwa matenda ashuga, hypotension ya orthostatic imadziwika - uku ndi kuchepa kwambiri kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi chifukwa cha kusintha kwa malo amunthu. Wodwala akadzuka atagona kumbuyo kwake, ndikuwapanikizika pang'ono, mabwalo amawoneka pamaso, maso, chizungulire, ndipo akukomoka ndikotheka. Kuphatikiza apo, anthu amadandaula za kufupika, kufoka ndi kufooka, kutulutsa thukuta, miyendo yozizira. Anthu oterewa amadalira kusintha kwa nyengo komanso kuthamanga kwa mlengalenga.

Mavuto

Mavuto osakanikirana a matenda ashuga ndi matenda oopsa amachititsa ngozi ya kufala ndi kufa mwa 80% ya odwala. Mavuto oterewa amayamba chifukwa cha kusokonezeka kwamitsempha yama mtima. Kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha matenda, matenda a adokotala sikuti azikhazikitsa kagayidwe kake, komanso kuwunikira kupanikizika.

Zina mwazovuta, kuwonongeka kwa impso za shuga kumakhala kofala kuposa ena. Umu ndi momwe ziwiya zam'madzi zimaperekera ziwalozi. Kusintha kwamitundu kapena ma nodular atherosulinotic kumawonekera, komwe kumayambitsa kulephera kwambiri kwaimpso. Komanso hyperkalemia ndi chizindikiro cha matenda a impso. Izi zimakulitsa mkhalidwe wa mtima wonse ndipo zimapangitsa kuti mtima wake ukhale wopunduka.

Mu matenda a shuga, hyperkalemia imayambitsa kusokonezeka kwa magwiridwe antchito a mitsempha, zotumphukira za dongosolo. Pali kufooka kwa minofu, paresthesia, kufooka kwamanja ndi miyendo, phazi la matenda ashuga, matenda osokoneza bongo.

Vuto lowopsa ndikugonjetsedwa kwa ziwiya zazing'ono zapamadzi zokha, komanso ziwiya zaubongo ndi mtima.

Chiwopsezo cha atherosclerosis, matenda a mtima, kulephera kwa mtima kumawonjezeka, nthawi zambiri kuwopsa kwa mtima, kumenyedwa. Kuwonongeka kwa ziwiya zaubongo ndi retina kumayambitsa kuwonongeka kwamaso ndi khungu kwathunthu. Mutha kudziwa zambiri za kusintha kwakukula kwa thupi m'thupi komanso kuphatikiza matenda awiri pawebhuhu ya matenda ashuga ru.

Thandizo lothandizira

Chithandizo cha matenda oopsa a matenda a shuga 2 amachitika mothandizana ndi mankhwala omwe amachepetsa shuga. Wodwalayo ayenera kumvetsetsa kuti kulimbana ndi matenda akuluakulu awiri nthawi imodzi ndi njira yayitali komanso yovuta, ndipo nthawi zambiri imakhala nthawi yayitali. Njira zochotsera matenda oopsa, matenda ashuga ndi osavuta. Ntchito yayikulu ndikusintha moyo wanu:

kuwongolera thupi
kusiya zizolowezi zoipa,
kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse,
zakudya zopatsa thanzi.

Inde, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo kuti anzanu azikukakamizani. Kusankhidwa kuyenera kuchitika ndi dokotala, poganizira zifukwa zambiri. Nthawi zina, kuti tikwaniritse izi, ndikofunikira kusintha mankhwalawo kuti musapanikizike kangapo, ndikusankha chithandizo choyenera komanso mlingo woyenera. Chithandizo cha matenda oopsa mu shuga mellitus amayamba ndi ACE inhibitors (angiotensin-akatembenuka enzyme), komanso kupereka mankhwala kuchokera ku gulu la beta-blocker.

Mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga, chithandizo nthawi zambiri chimakhala chovuta. Ziyenera kuchitika mosamala. Mankhwala ambiri otsitsa magazi amakhala ndi sucrose, yomwe imakhudza kuchuluka kwa shuga. Ma diuretics amagwiritsidwanso ntchito kuti muchepetse kuthamanga kwa magazi, ndipo mankhwala ena a antihypertensive ali nawo kale. Ngati wodwala ali ndi hyperkalemia, mankhwala a diuretic amagwiritsidwa ntchito omwe amachepetsa kuchuluka kwa potaziyamu. Hyperkalemia imadziwika ndi odwala omwe amalephera kupweteka aimpso omwe amakhala ndi potaziyamu wambiri.

Ngati matenda oopsa m'mbuyomu, omwe adakula chifukwa cha matenda osokoneza bongo, adangothandizidwa ndi mankhwala a antihypertensive, tsopano chithandizo chamankhwala ndi chimodzi mwazotsatira zazikulu. Kuti kukhazikika kwa shuga m'magazi, ndikofunikira kuti muchepetse kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa zakudya zomwe zimapezeka m'mimba mosavuta. Zakudya zonona, zokazinga, zosuta komanso zonunkhira siziyenera kuperekedwa kuchakudya. Kuphatikiza apo, kugwiritsa ntchito chakudya chotere kumayambitsa gastritis.

Kukula kwina kwa matenda oopsa chifukwa ndikuti anthu akuwonjezera pang'onopang'ono kuchuluka kwa mchere wa patebulo. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti zinthu zina zimakhala kale ndi mchere wa latent, chifukwa chake odwala matenda ashuga saloledwa kuwonjezera chakudya. Zakudya za matenda oopsa ziyenera kudzaza thupi ndi kufufuza zinthu ndi mavitamini. Zokwanira, mndandandawu umakhala ndi masamba ndi zipatso, nsomba, mafuta a masamba. Ndikofunika kudya kuchokera kasanu patsiku, magawo azikhala ochepa.

Zakudya zopatsa thanzi ziyenera kuyang'aniridwa ndi katswiri wazakudya. Kumbali imodzi, odwala hypotensive amafunikira kalori yayikulu, zakudya zopatsa thanzi, komanso, zakudya zoterezi zimatha kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi a odwala matenda ashuga.

Pathogenesis, zomwe zimayambitsa matenda

Mtundu wa matenda a shuga 1, ntchito ya impso imalephera chifukwa cha glomerular microangiopathy (kuwonongeka kwa ziwiya zazing'ono). Zotsatira zake, mapuloteni amatulutsidwa limodzi ndi mkodzo. Vutoli limatchedwa proteinuria ndipo limayendera limodzi ndi kukwera kwa magazi.

Kupsinjika kwambiri kumapangitsa glomeruli kufa pang'onopang'ono. M'tsogolo, kulephera kwa impso kumawonekeranso. Mu milandu 10%, matenda oopsa alibe njira iliyonse yokhudzana ndi matenda amtundu 1, koma nthendayi ndi yofanana. Odwala awa amakhalanso ndi impso.

Odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a 2, matenda oopsa amayamba kale kuposa matenda ashuga kapena amagwirizana ndi matendawa. Zilonda zam'mimba zimayambitsa kukula kwa matenda mu 15-20% yokha ya odwala. Mu milandu 30-30%, kupsinjika kumadzuka kusokonezeka kwa metabolic kusanachitike.

Pathology imayamba ndi chitukuko cha insulin (kutsitsa chidwi cha minyewa mpaka insulin). Kuti alipire vutoli, insulin imakwera, yomwe imayambitsa kuchuluka kwa magazi.

Mphamvu yamanjenje imayendetsedwa,
Njira yachilendo ya kuchotsa kwa sodium, madzimadzi, imasokonekera,
Sodium, calcium imadziunjikira mkati mwa maselo,
Makoma a zombo amawotchera, kutanuka kwake kumachepa.

Zotsatira zoyipa zomwe zimapangitsa kuti matenda asokonezeke mwanjira yoyamba ndi matenda ashuga 2 ndi awa:

Ukalamba
Kuperewera kwa micronutrient m'thupi,
Kuledzera kwakukulu
Kupsinjika pafupipafupi
Atherosulinosis,
Kunenepa kwambiri
Zochitika zina za endocrine dongosolo.

Mavuto omwe angakhalepo

Kuthamanga kwa magazi m'magazi a shuga kumawonjezera zovuta zingapo kangapo:

Kulephera kwina - maulendo 25,
Zilonda zosachiritsa, zilonda zapafupipafupi - 20,
Matenda a mtima - kasanu,
Stroke - kanayi,
Kuwonongeka kwakuthwa mu mawonekedwe a ntchito - maulendo 15.

Mu odwala matenda ashuga ambiri, kuthamanga kwa magazi kumakhala kovuta chifukwa cha hypotension ya orthostatic. Pathology imadziwika ndi kutsika kwakuthwa kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi pakukwera pamalo abodza. Imadziwulula ndi kudetsa khungu m'maso, chizungulire, kukomoka. Zomwe zimapangitsa kuti khungu lisamveke bwino ndi matenda a shuga.

Zizindikiro

Kwa ambiri, matenda oopsa samadziwonetsa, mwa odwala ena, kuchuluka kwa mavuto kumayendetsedwa ndi:

Chizungulire
Mutu
Kuwona m'mavuto
Zofooka
Kutopa.

Pali magawo atatu a matenda oopsa mu shuga, omwe amadziwika ndi izi:

Zofewa. Kupsinjika kwapamwamba ndi 140-159, otsika - 90-99 mm RT. Art.,
Wofatsa. Kuthamanga kwa magazi - 160-179, kutsika - 100-109 mm RT. Art.,
Zovuta. Kupanikizika kumapitilira chizindikiro 180/110 mm RT. Art.

Pofuna kupewa kuthamanga kwamatenda am'mimba komanso zovuta zomwe zimadza pambuyo pake, odwala matenda ashuga amayenera kuyesetsa kuthana ndi zovuta pa 130/85 mm Hg. Art. Izi zidzakulitsa zaka 15-20.

Ndi kupsinjika kowonjezereka, muyenera kufunsa katswiri, mankhwala omwe mumalandira enieniwo ndi osavomerezeka. Njira zochizira ndi monga:

Mankhwala. Gwiritsani ntchito mankhwala omwe amachepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi. Nthawi zambiri amaika diuretics, ACE zoletsa, zomwe zimachepetsa chiopsezo cha kuwonongeka kwa impso.
Zakudya Thupi la wodwala yemwe ali ndi matenda ashuga amamvera sodium, chifukwa chake, ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi, muyenera kuchepetsa mchere muzakudya. Nthawi zambiri izi zimathandiza.
Kuchepetsa thupi. Izi zipititsa patsogolo zinthu zonse.
Kutsatira zochitika tsiku ndi tsiku, kukhalabe ndi moyo wathanzi. Zochita zolimbitsa thupi, masewera amathandizidwe amitsempha yamagazi, amachepetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi.

Mankhwala ndi Mlingo amasankhidwa kotero kuti kupanikizika kumachepa pang'onopang'ono. Nthawi yokwanira yokwaniritsira izi ndi pafupifupi masabata 8 kuyambira pamene mudayamba kumwa mankhwalawa. Kuchepetsa kwambiri kuthamanga kwa magazi kumakhala chifukwa cha kusayenda bwino kwa magazi, ziwopsezo zamagulu ndi machitidwe.

Kusintha kwa carbohydrate metabolism mu diabetes kumapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kusankha mankhwala. Mankhwala amatengedwa poganizira momwe thupi la wodwalayo lilili komanso kuopsa kwa matenda ake.

Pofuna kuchepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi mu mtundu woyamba wa 2 ndi matenda a 2, mankhwalawa a magulu otsatirawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito:

Diuretics (Furosemide, Diacarb),
ACE inhibitors (Captopril, enalapril),
Beta-blockers (Nebile, Trandat, Dilatrend),
Al-adrenergic blockers (Doxazosin, Prazosin, Terazosin),
Calcium Antagonists (Diltiazem, Verapamil),
Agonists (zolimbikitsa) za imidazoline receptors (Albarel, Physiotens).

Tiyeni tikambirane mwatsatanetsatane gulu lililonse la mankhwala.

Pali magulu anayi a okodzetsa:

Thiazide
Ngati Thiazide,
Loopback
Potaziyamu.

Ma diuretics ngati Thiazide omwe samakhudzana ndi shuga wa glucose amakhala ndi zotsatira zabwino. Ndi matenda amtundu wa 1 komanso matenda a shuga a 2, thiazide diuretics amagwiritsidwa ntchito mopitirira 12,5 mg. Magulu onsewa a okodzetsa amateteza kupezeka kwa zovuta mu impso, myocardium, komabe, mankhwalawa sangagwiritsidwe ntchito chifukwa cha kulephera kwa impso.

Zopopera za loop sizimagwiritsidwa ntchito, chifukwa, thupi limataya potaziyamu. Komabe, amawonetsedwa chifukwa cha kulephera kwa impso, momwe kukonzekera kwa potaziyamu kumayikidwa.

Chithandizo cha ochepa matenda oopsa mu shuga

Pochizira mafupa, owerenga athu adagwiritsa ntchito DiabeNot bwino. Kuwona kutchuka kwa malonda, tidaganiza zoperekera chidwi chanu.

Matenda oopsa a arterial amamveka kuti akuwonjezeka akapanikizika kuposa 140/90 mm. Izi nthawi zambiri zimawonjezera chiopsezo cha kugunda kwamtima, kugwidwa, matenda a impso, ndi matenda a shuga. Matenda oopsa a matenda amitsempha amachepa: kukakamizidwa kwa ma syling kwa 130 komanso kupanikizika kwa diastolic ya 85 millimeter kukuwonetsa kufunikira kwa njira zochizira.

ACE zoletsa

Amatseka enzyme yomwe imakhudzana ndi kapangidwe ka angiotensin, komwe kumayambitsa kuthamanga kwa magazi. Mankhwala amaletsa kukula kwa zovuta mu impso, mtima. Pakudya, kuchuluka kwa shuga sikuchuluka.

Mankhwalawa amakhala ndi vuto lochepa kwambiri, kuchepa kwamphamvu kwa magazi kumatheka pambuyo pa masabata awiri. Mtundu woyamba wa 2 komanso wa matenda ashuga 2, mankhwalawa amalephereka ngati matendawa apezeka ndi matenda ena amitsempha. Mwa odwala ena, amayambitsa chifuwa. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti ngati matenda oopsa kwambiri, ACE zoletsa sangakhale ndi zotsatira zochizira.

Beta blockers

Pali magulu awiri:

Kusankha. Chitani pokhapokha pa zolimbitsa mtima,
Osasankha. Zimakhudza minofu yonse ya thupi.

Osasankha beta-blockers amalembedwa pakati pa odwala matenda ashuga chifukwa amalimbikitsa shuga.Kusankha kumayikidwa ngati shuga ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi zimaphatikizidwa ndi ma pathologies ena:

Ischemia
Matenda a mtima
Kulephera kwa mtima.

Mankhwalawa nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi imodzi ndi okodzetsa. Ma blockers sagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza kuthamanga kwa magazi kwa odwala mphumu.

Otsutsa a calcium

Imachepetsa njira yogwiritsira ntchito calcium m'maselo, zomwe zimayambitsa vasodilation ndikuchepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi. Pali magulu awiri:

Dihydropyridine. Kuchulukitsa kugunda kwa mtima, kuchepetsa mwayi wokhala ndi vuto la mtima.
Nedihydropyridine. Kuchepetsa kugunda kwa mtima, koyenera kuchitira matenda oopsa, omwe adawoneka kumbuyo kwa nephropathy. Zimathandizira kupewa kuwonongeka kwa impso mu shuga.

Onsewo ndi ena angagwiritsidwe ntchito nthawi imodzi ndi okodzetsa, ACE inhibitors. Osagwiritsa ntchito chifukwa cha kulephera kwa mtima, angina osakhazikika.

Agonists (zolimbikitsa) za imidazoline receptors

Mankhwala amachepetsa mphamvu ya masheya amanjenje, chifukwa, kugunda kwa mtima kumachepa, kuthamanga kwa magazi kumachepa. Kugwiritsira ntchito nthawi yayitali kumakongoletsa mtima.

Zoyipa:

Block postynaptic alpha-adrenergic receptors, kupereka kuchepa kwamphamvu kwa kuthamanga popanda kuwonjezera kugunda kwa mtima. Mu shuga, mankhwalawa amachepetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga, kukulitsa chidwi cha insulin.

Zakudya zamankhwala

Kwa matenda oopsa omwe amapezeka ndi matenda amtundu wa 1 kapena mtundu wa 2, samalani kwambiri ndi zakudya. Zakudya zama carb zotsika zimachepetsa shuga komanso kuchepetsa magazi.

Tsatirani malangizowa:

Zakudyazo ziyenera kukhala ndi mavitamini, kufufuza zinthu mokwanira,
Chepetsani kudya kwanu kwamchere. Zomwe zimachitika tsiku lililonse sizoposa tiyi 1. l
Pewani zakudya zomwe zimakhala ndi sodium
Idyani nthawi zambiri - osachepera 5 r / tsiku, m'magawo ochepa,
Osamadya asanagone. Chakudya chomaliza sichikhala pasanathe maola 2 asanagone,
Idyani zakudya zamafuta ochepa, amakonda zakudya zovuta,
Idyani zakudya zopatsa potaziyamu. Macroelement amakulitsa makoma amitsempha yamagazi ndikuthandizira kuchepetsa kuthamanga.

Kuphatikiza muzakudya zanu zamasamba, zipatso zomwe zimaloledwa kwa odwala matenda ashuga. Zogulitsa zina:

Mkate wa ndani
Nyama yokonda, nsomba,
Mkaka wolimba, mankhwala mkaka wowawasa,
Ma msuzi wamasamba,
Zakudya zam'nyanja
Zipatso zouma
Mazira
Mafuta ophikira.

Kuti musinthe kukoma kwa mbale, gwiritsani ntchito zokometsera, zitsamba zonunkhira, mandimu.

Zinthu zopangidwa ndi ufa wa tirigu,
Zakudya zakumwa,
Mafuta a nsomba, nyama,
Omvera oyenda
Maapulo
Marinade
Zakumwa zoziziritsa kukhosi
Zakumwa zoledzeretsa.

Kukhala wonenepa kwambiri kumapangitsa kuti matenda ashuga akhale ochulukirapo. Kuti muchepetse thupi, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti muchepetse kudya kalori tsiku ndi tsiku, kuwonjezera zolimbitsa thupi.

Kusintha kwamoyo

Kukhala ndi moyo wathanzi kumathandiza kuchepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi mu mtundu 1 ndi matenda ashuga a 2. Zofunika:

Kupumula kwathunthu
Kusiya mowa kapena kuchepetsa kumwa,
Kusuta kupatula. Nicotine imawonjezera zovuta mu mtima.
Kupewa zinthu zosautsa mtima.

Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi pafupipafupi (kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, kuyenda mothamanga, ndi zina zambiri) ndikofunikira. Kusisita kumakhala ndi zotsatira zabwino. Matenda a Normalization opsinjika mothandizidwa ndi mankhwala, zakudya, kuchuluka kwa zochitika zamagalimoto kungachepetse maphunziro a matenda oopsa mu shuga ndipo zimapangitsa kukhala bwino.

Chifukwa chiyani matenda a shuga amakwera m'matenda a shuga

Zomwe zimayambitsa matenda oopsa mu shuga mellitus ndizosiyana ndipo zimatengera mtundu wamatenda. Chifukwa chake, ndimatenda omwe amadalira matenda a insulin, matenda oopsa kwambiri nthawi zambiri amayamba chifukwa cha matenda a impso a matenda ashuga. Ochepa ochepa odwala amakhala ndi matenda oopsa oopsa, kapena osokonekera kwa matenda oopsa.

Ngati wodwala amadwala matenda a shuga osadalira insulin, ndiye kuti matenda oopsa amakhazikika nthawi zina kale kwambiri kuposa matenda ena a metabolic. Mwa odwala, ochepa matenda oopsa ndi omwe amachititsa matenda. Izi zikutanthauza kuti adotolo sangadziwe chomwe chimayambitsa maonekedwe ake. Zomwe zimayambitsa matenda oopsa m'magazi ndi izi:

pheochromocytoma (matenda wodziwika ndi kuchuluka kwa makatikolamu, chifukwa chomwe tachycardia, kupweteka mumtima ndi ochepa matenda oopsa amakhala
Itsenko-Cushing's syndrome (matenda omwe amayamba chifukwa chopanga mahomoni a adrenal cortex),
hyperaldosteronism (kuchuluka kwa mahomoni aldosterone ndi magene a adrenal), omwe amadziwika ndi zotsatira zoyipa pamtima,
matenda ena osowa a autoimmune.

Gawaninso matendawa:

kuchepa kwa magnesium m'thupi,
kupanikizika kwa nthawi yayitali
kuledzera ndi mchere wazitsulo zazikulu,
atherosulinosis ndi kufupika kwa mtsempha waukulu.

Mawonekedwe a matenda oopsa mu shuga yomwe amadalira insulin

Mtundu wa matendawa nthawi zambiri umalumikizidwa ndi kuwonongeka kwa impso. Amakhala mu gawo limodzi mwa odwala ndipo ali ndi magawo awa:

microalbuminuria (mawonekedwe a mkodzo wa albumin),
proteinuria (mawonekedwe a mkodzo wa mamolekyulu akuluakulu),
aakulu aimpso kulephera.

Kuphatikiza apo, mapuloteni ochulukirapo amachotsekedwa mu mkodzo, ndikumalimbikitsidwa. Izi ndichifukwa chakuti impso zodwala zimakhala zoyipa kwambiri pakuchotsa sodium. Kuchokera pamenepa, zinthu zamadzimadzi m'thupi zimachuluka ndipo, chifukwa chake, mavuto amakwera. Ndi kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, madzi a m'magazi amawonjezereka. Izi zimapanga bwalo loipa.

Amakhala m'thupi kuti thupi likuyesera kuthana ndi kusagwira bwino kwa impso, pomwe likuwonjezera kukakamiza kwa impso glomeruli. Iwo pang'onopang'ono akufa. Uku ndiko kupita patsogolo kwa kulephera kwa impso. Ntchito yayikulu ya wodwala yemwe ali ndi matenda a shuga amachepetsa shuga.

Zizindikiro zolembetsa matenda osokoneza bongo omwe amadalira insulin

Ngakhale isanayambike zizindikiro za matenda, wodwalayo akuyamba kukana insulin. Kutsutsa kwa minofu ku timadzi timeneti kumachepetsedwa. Thupi likuyesayesa kuthana ndi chidwi chochepa cha minofu ya thupi kupita ku insulini ndikupanga insulin yambiri kuposa momwe iyenera. Ndipo izi, zimathandizira kukakamizidwa.

Chifukwa chake, chinthu chachikulu pakukula kwa matenda oopsa mu shuga ndi chizindikiro cha insulin. Komabe, mtsogolomo, matenda oopsa amachitika chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa atherosulinosis ndi vuto laimpso. Kuwala kwa ziwiya pang'onopang'ono kumachepera, chifukwa chake zimadutsa ochepa magazi.

Hyperinsulinism (ndiye kuti, kuchuluka kwa insulin m'magazi) ndi yoyipa kwa impso. Amayamba kukulira komanso madzi akumwa mthupi. Ndipo kuchuluka kowonjezereka kwamadzi m'thupi kumabweretsa chitukuko cha edema ndi matenda oopsa.

Momwe matenda oopsa amadziwonekera mu shuga

Amadziwika kuti kuthamanga kwa magazi kumayenderana ndi mtundu wa circadian. Usiku umapita. M'mawa, ndi 10-20 peresenti kutsika kuposa masana. Ndi matenda a shuga, phokoso lozungulira lotere limasweka, ndipo limakhala lokwera tsiku lonse. Komanso, usiku ndizambiri kuposa masana.

Kuphwanya kotereku kumalumikizidwa ndi kukula kwa imodzi mwazovuta za matenda a shuga - matenda ashuga. Chofunikira chake ndikuti shuga yayikulu imakhudza kugwira ntchito kwa dongosolo la mantha aumwini. Zikatero, zombo zimataya mwayi wochepetsetsa ndikukula kutengera kutengera katundu.

Iwona mtundu wa matenda owonongera tsiku lililonse. Njira ngati izi zikuwonetsa pofunika kumwa mankhwala oletsa kuthana ndi matenda oopsa. Nthawi yomweyo, wodwalayo ayenera kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa mchere.

Mankhwala othandizira matenda ashuga

Mankhwala olimbana ndi matenda oopsa ayenera kutengedwa kuti muchepetse magazi omwe asankhidwa kukhala a shuga / mamilimita 130. Kuchiza ndi zakudya kumapereka mfundo zabwino zamagazi: mapiritsiwo amathandizidwa ndipo amapereka chokwanira.

Chizindikiro chodziwikiratu ndi mtundu wazotsatira pochotsa matenda oopsa. Ngati mankhwalawa samachepetsa kupsinjika m'milungu yoyamba yamankhwala chifukwa cha zovuta, ndiye kuti mutha kuchepetsa pang'ono. Koma pakatha mwezi umodzi, chithandizo chowonjezereka chiyenera kuyambiranso ndipo mankhwala ayenera kumwedwa pamankhwala omwe akuwonetsa.

Kuchepetsa pang'onopang'ono kuthamanga kwa magazi kumathandizira kupewa zizindikiro za hypotension. Inde, mwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga, matenda oopsa amatha chifukwa cha orthostatic hypotension. Izi zikutanthauza kuti posintha kwambiri kayendedwe ka thupi, kugwa kolimba pakuwerengedwa kwa tonometer kumawonedwa. Vutoli limaphatikizidwa ndi kukomoka ndi chizungulire. Mankhwala ake ndiwodziwikiratu.

Nthawi zina zimakhala zovuta kusankha mapiritsi a matenda oopsa mu shuga. Izi ndichifukwa choti kusintha kwa kagayidwe kazakudya kumasiya chizindikiro chawo pazotsatira zamankhwala onse, kuphatikizapo zama hypotensive. Posankha chithandizo ndi mankhwala kwa wodwala, dokotala amayenera kuwongoleredwa ndi mfundo zambiri zofunika. Mapiritsi osankhidwa bwino amakwaniritsa zofunikira zina.

Mankhwalawa amachepetsa bwino matenda omwe amakhala ndi matenda oopsa a shuga komanso amakhala ndi zovuta zina.
Mankhwala oterewa samayambitsa kuwongolera koyenera kwa shuga wamagazi ndipo samachulukitsa cholesterol.
Mapiritsi amateteza impso ndi mtima ku zotsatira zoyipa za shuga m'magazi.

Ndi magulu ati a mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito

Pakadali pano, madokotala amalimbikitsa odwala awo omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga kuti atenge mankhwala a magulu ngati amenewo.

Ma diuretics, kapena okodzetsa. Mankhwalawa amachepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi pamagazi. Thupi limachotsa madzi ndi mchere wambiri. Mankhwala a gululi amagwiritsidwa ntchito chifukwa cha kulephera kwa mtima, chifukwa amachepetsa katundu pamtima ndi m'mitsempha yamagazi. Mankhwala a diuretic amalimbana ndi edema bwino. Dokotala wanu adzakuthandizani kusankha mankhwala oyenera kwambiri.
Beta blockers. Mankhwalawa amakhudza bwino dongosolo lamanjenje lamanjenje. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito moyenera pochiza matendawa ngati njira yoyamba. Oletsa kubetcha amakono ali ndi zovuta zochepa zoyipa.
ACE zoletsa. Mankhwalawa amagwira ntchito popanga puloteni yomwe imayambitsa matenda oopsa mwa anthu.
Angiotensin II receptor blockers. Mankhwala oterowo amathandizira mtima mu shuga yambiri. Amatetezanso chiwindi, impso ndi ubongo kuti zisokonezeke.
Otsutsa a calcium. Mankhwalawa amalepheretsa kulowa kwa ayoni a zitsulozi m'maselo a mtima. Chifukwa chake, ndizotheka kukwaniritsa kuwerengera kwamphamvu kwa tonometer ndikupewa zovuta kuchokera ku mtima.
Ma Vasodilators amasangalatsa bwino makhoma amitsempha yamagazi motero amachepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi. Komabe, pakadali pano, mankhwalawa amakhala ndi gawo lofunikira pochiza matenda oopsa, popeza ali ndi zovuta zoyipa komanso amakhala ndi vuto.

Ntchito ya zakudya mankhwalawa matenda oopsa

Kugwiritsa, mwina, kuphatikiza mafuta ochulukitsa kwa matenda oopsa ndi matenda ashuga ndi njira yeniyeni komanso yopambana yokhala ndi thanzi. Kulandira chithandizo kotereku kumachepetsa kufunika kwa insulini ndipo nthawi yomweyo kumabwezeretsanso kuchuluka kwa mtima wamagetsi.

Kuchiza ndi zakudya zama carb ochepa kumapha mavuto angapo nthawi imodzi:

amachepetsa insulin komanso shuga m'magazi
Imaletsa kukula kwa zovuta zamtundu uliwonse,
amateteza impso ku kuwopsa kwa shuga.
amachepetsa kwambiri chitukuko cha atherosulinosis.

Chithandizo chochepa kwambiri pa carb ndi chabwino ngati impso zisanadziwike mapuloteni. Ngati ayamba kugwira ntchito mwachizolowezi, kuchuluka kwa magazi a shuga kumayambiranso kukhala kwabwinobwino. Komabe, ndi proteinuria, zakudya zotere ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mosamala.

Mutha kudya zakudya zokwanira kuchepetsa shuga. Izi ndi:

zopangidwa ndi nyama
mazira
nsomba zam'nyanja
masamba obiriwira, komanso bowa,
tchizi ndi batala.

M'malo mwake, kuphatikiza kwa matenda oopsa ndi matenda ashuga, palibenso njira ina yazakudya zotsika mkatikati. Mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito mosasamala mtundu wa shuga. Shuga amachepetsa kukhala wamba m'masiku ochepa. Muyenera kuyang'anira zakudya zanu nthawi zonse, kuti musayike pachiwopsezo komanso kuti musachulukitse shuga. Zakudya zama carb ochepa ndizabwino, ndizokoma komanso zathanzi.

Nthawi yomweyo, ndi chakudya ichi, zizindikiro za tonometer zimasintha. Ichi ndi chitsimikizo cha thanzi labwino komanso kusapezeka kwamavuto owopsa.

Kupanikizika kwa matenda a shuga: njira ndi zoyambitsa za matenda

Kuthamanga kwa magazi mu shuga ndi vuto lodziwika lomwe odwala amakhala nalo. Malinga ndi ziwerengero, matenda oopsa amapezeka mu 60% ya anthu odwala matenda ashuga. Kuthana ndi ubongo kumakulitsa thanzi, kumachulukitsa matendawo. Poyerekeza ndi maziko akuwonjezeka kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi, chiopsezo chotenga zovuta zazikulu (stroke, kugunda kwa mtima) zimawonjezeka, zotsatira zake zimapha.

Kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda amtundu wa 1, matenda amtundu wa 2, kupanikizika kumawoneka ngati kwabwinobwino, osapitirira 130/85 mm Hg. Art. Kukhazikika kwa matenda oopsa nthawi zambiri kumachitika chifukwa cha zotupa zam'mimba zopezeka mkati mwa kuchuluka kwa shuga. Ganizirani kuchepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi anu chifukwa cha matenda ashuga.

Mapiritsi oopsa

Pochizira mafupa, owerenga athu adagwiritsa ntchito DiabeNot bwino. Kuwona kutchuka kwa malonda, tidaganiza zoperekera chidwi chanu.

Kusintha kwa carbohydrate metabolism mu diabetes kumapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kusankha mankhwala. Mankhwala amatengedwa poganizira momwe thupi la wodwalayo lilili komanso kuopsa kwa matenda ake.

Pofuna kuchepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi mu mtundu woyamba wa 2 ndi matenda a 2, mankhwalawa a magulu otsatirawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito:

Diuretics (Furosemide, Diacarb),
ACE inhibitors (Captopril, enalapril),
Beta-blockers (Nebile, Trandat, Dilatrend),
Al-adrenergic blockers (Doxazosin, Prazosin, Terazosin),
Calcium Antagonists (Diltiazem, Verapamil),
Agonists (zolimbikitsa) za imidazoline receptors (Albarel, Physiotens).

Tiyeni tikambirane mwatsatanetsatane gulu lililonse la mankhwala.

Pali magulu anayi a okodzetsa:

Thiazide
Ngati Thiazide,
Loopback
Potaziyamu.

Zopopera za loop sizimagwiritsidwa ntchito, chifukwa, thupi limataya potaziyamu. Komabe, amawonetsedwa chifukwa cha kulephera kwa impso, momwe kukonzekera kwa potaziyamu kumayikidwa.

Chithandizo cha matenda oopsa a shuga 2: mndandanda wamapiritsi

Imakhazikika pamisempha ya shuga kwa nthawi yayitali
Imabwezeretsa kapangidwe ka insulin

Pakadali pano, katswiri wazachipatala mu mankhwala aliwonse amatha kupatsa mapiritsi osiyanasiyana kukakamizidwa kwa matenda ashuga a 2, mndandanda wawo ndi wokulirapo.

"Matenda okoma" osagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino amayambitsa zovuta zambiri, imodzi yoopsa kwambiri ndi matenda oopsa. Amadziwika ndi kuwonjezeka kwakukulu kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi (BP).

Matenda a shuga ndi kupsinjika mu zovuta kumawonjezera chiwopsezo cha sitiroko, ischemia, uremia, gangrene ya malekezero kapena kutayika kwamaso. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kudziwa momwe mungathanirane ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi mu shuga mellitus kuti mupewe kukula kwa ma pathologies osafunikira.

Zoyambitsa Hypertension

Ndikudabwa kuti kupanikizika kwa shuga kumavomerezedwa? Zowonadi, mwa anthu amoyo wathanzi ziyenera kukhala 120/80.

Kupanikizika kwa matenda ashuga sikuyenera kupitirira mtengo wapadera wa 130/85. Ngati chizindikiro ichi chikupitilira, tifunika kufunafuna thandizo kwa katswiri.

Kodi ndizomwe zimayambitsa kuthamanga kwa magazi mwa odwala matenda ashuga? Alipo ochepa a iwo. Kuwonjezeka kwa kuthamanga kwa matenda amtundu wa shuga m'mitundu 80% kumachitika chifukwa cha matenda a impso.

Mu mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda, matenda oopsa, ndiye kuti, magazi ochulukitsa, nthawi zambiri amakhala asanafike pakuwonekera kwa metabolic.

Kutengera mtundu wamtundu wamankhwala okhathamira, zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe osiyana. Izi ndi mitundu yayikulu ndi zomwe zimapangitsa kukula kwa matenda:

Chofunikira, chotchedwa matenda oopsa, omwe amapezeka mu 90-95% ya milandu yokhala ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi.
Isstated systolic, chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa elasticity a mtima makoma, komanso kukomoka kwa mitsempha.
Renal (nephrogenic), zomwe zimayambitsa ndizokhudzana ndi kugwira ntchito kwa chiwalo chophatikizira. Izi zimaphatikizapo matenda a shuga, nephropathy, polycystic, pyelonephritis, komanso glomerulonephritis
Endocrine, akukula kwambiri. Komabe, zoyambitsa zazikulu za matendawa ndi Cushing's syndrome, pheochromocytoma, ndi hyperaldosteronism yoyamba.

Kukula kwa matenda oopsa a matenda a shuga a 2 kungayambenso chifukwa china. Mwachitsanzo, mwa amayi omwe amatenga njira za kulera za mahomoni, chiopsezo cha matenda oopsa chimawonjezeka nthawi zina. Komanso mwayi wa wodwala matenda ashuga umachulukirachulukira kuphatikiza matenda oopsa, ngati ali wokalamba, amakhala ndi mavuto onenepa kwambiri kapena amakhala ndi "vuto" lalikulu la kusuta.

Nthawi zina kupezeka kwa matenda oopsa mu shuga kungayambitsidwe chifukwa cha kusowa kwa magnesium, kuledzera ndi zinthu zina, kuperewera kwa mtsempha waukulu, komanso zovuta zina.

Zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa, monga momwe tikuonera, ndizambiri. Chifukwa chake, ndi matenda a shuga a mellitus, ndikofunikira kutsatira malamulo oyambira chithandizo chake, kuphatikizapo zakudya zapadera, masewera, mankhwala (Metformin, ndi zina) ndikuwunika pafupipafupi kuchuluka kwa glycemia.

Zolemba zamtundu wa matenda oopsa

Mtundu woyamba wa shuga, kupsinjika kowonjezereka nthawi zambiri kumayamba chifukwa cha vuto la impso. Zimadutsa magawo angapo - microalbuminuria, proteinuria ndi kulephera kosatha.

Kafukufuku wambiri akuwonetsa kuti mwa odwala onse omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga 1, ndi 10% yokha omwe alibe matenda a impso. Popeza impso sizingachotse sodium kwathunthu, matenda oopsa amayamba mu shuga. Popita nthawi, kuchuluka kwa sodium m'magazi kumatha kuchuluka, ndipo ndi madziwo amadzisonkhanitsa. Magazi ochulukitsa ozungulira amatsogolera pakuwonjezeka kwa magazi.

Matenda a diabetes nephropathy ndi matenda oopsa ndi bwalo loipa. Kufooka kwa impso kumatha chifukwa chakuwonjezeka kwa magazi. Yotsirizirayi imakweza kukhudzika kwina, komwe kumabweretsa kuwonongeka pang'onopang'ono kwa zosefera.

Matenda oopsa komanso matenda amtundu wa 2 amalumikizana mpaka zizindikiro zake zazikulu zitawonekera. Zonsezi zimayamba ndi njira yotaya magwiridwe amisempha kukhala timadzi timene timatsitsi tomwe timachepetsa shuga. Kuti alipiritse kukana insulini, insulin imayamba kudziunjikira m'magazi, ndikuwonjezera kuthamanga kwa magazi mu shuga. Zodabwitsazi pakapita nthawi zimayambitsa kuchepetsedwa kwa lumen ya ziwiya chifukwa chazovuta za atherosulinosis.

Chowoneka cha machitidwe osokoneza bongo omwe samatengera insulin-kudalira shuga ndi m'mimba kunenepa kwambiri (kudzikundikira kwamafuta m'chiuno). Ndi kuphwasika kwa mafuta, zinthu zimamasulidwa, ndikuwonjezera kukakamiza kwambiri. Kulephera kwamkaka kumachitika pakapita nthawi, koma kumatha kupewa ngati chithandizo chikugwiritsidwa ntchito mozama.

Kuchuluka kwa insulin (hyperinsulinism) kumabweretsa kuthamanga kwa magazi mu matenda a shuga a 2. Hyperinsulinism imatha kuukweza, chifukwa:

Sodium ndi madzi sizikwaniritsidwa mokwanira ndi impso,
machitidwe amanjenje amachitidwa,
kuchuluka kwa calcium ndi sodium kumayamba,
zotanuka kwamitsempha yamagazi amachepa.

Pofuna kupewa matenda oopsa, shuga wambiri komanso wotsika magazi ayenera kukhala nawo.

Kukula kwake ndi 5.5 mmol / L, muyenera kuyesetsa.

Chithandizo cha ACE inhibitors ndi ARB

Popeza taphunzira momwe magazi amakwera m'matenda a shuga, titha kupitiriza kufunsa kuti titha bwanji kuchepetsa mapiritsi komanso matenda oopsa.

Poyamba, timakhala mwatsatanetsatane ma inhibitors a ACE, chifukwa ndi gulu lofunikira la mankhwala omwe amatha kutsitsa magazi.

Tiyenera kudziwa kuti nthawi yomweyo mankhwalawo amayenera kutha ngati wodwala yemwe ali ndi matenda ashuga atayamba kukanika.

Mankhwalawa matenda oopsa a 2 mtundu mellitus a ACE zoletsa amathetsa pamene wodwala:

Creatinine amadzuka ndi oposa 30% atatha masiku 7 achithandizo cha mankhwalawa.
Hyperkalemia idapezeka momwe mulingo wa potaziyamu sosachepera 6 mmol / l.
Nthawi yobereka mwana kapena yoyamwitsa.

Captopril, Kapoten, Perindopril, ndi zina zotere zitha kugulidwa ku malo ogulitsa motero., Kuthamanga kwa magazi mu shuga kungalephereke kugwiritsa ntchito zoletsa za ACE. Koma musanawatenge, muyenera kufunsa dokotala.

Mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga a mellitus, chithandizo chimaphatikizapo kutenga angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) kapena ma sartan kuti muchepetse magazi. Tiyenera kudziwa kuti ma ARB sakukhudzana ndi njira za metabolic mwanjira iliyonse, kukulitsa chiwopsezo cha kapangidwe kazinthu kakang'ono ka minyewa ndikupanga mahomoni mu shuga ndi shuga wambiri.

Mankhwalawa amakhala ndi matenda ashuga ambiri. Chifukwa chake, mutha kusankha mankhwalawa: - Valsartan, Azilsartan, Candesartan, etc.

Poyerekeza ndi ACE inhibitors, ma sartan samakhala ndi zotsatira zoyipa zochepa, ndipo zochizira zimatha kuwonedwa patatha milungu iwiri.

Kafukufuku watsimikizira kuti kuchiritsa koteroko kumachepetsa mapuloteni a mkodzo.

Kugwiritsa ntchito ma diuretics ndi olimbana ndi calcium

Ndi mankhwala ati okakamiza omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati kusunga kwa sodium kumachitika m'thupi la munthu? Kwa izi, kutenga ma diuretics kapena okodzetsa ndizokwanira.

Mukamasankha mapiritsi opanikizika a shuga, zinthu zambiri ziyenera kuganiziridwanso.

Chifukwa chake, ndi kusokonezeka kwa impso kuchokera kukakamizidwa, ndibwino kumwa "kudzola" okodzetsa.

Ndi matenda a shuga a mtundu wachiwiri, madokotala sawalimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito mitundu yotsatila ya mitundu iyi:

osmotic (mannitol), chifukwa amatha kuyambitsa kukomoka kwa hypersmolar,
thiazide (Xipamide, Hypothiazide), popeza mankhwala okhala ndi shuga wambiri amachititsa matenda oopsa,
carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (diacarb) - mankhwala omwe samawonetsa mphamvu yoyenera ya hypotensive, kugwiritsa ntchito kwawo sikokwanira.

Mapiritsi othandiza kwambiri a matenda ashuga ndi "loop" diuretics. Ku malo ogulitsa mankhwala, mutha kugula Bufenox kapena Furosemide. Mitengo ya mankhwala omwe amachepetsa kupanikizika imatha kusiyanasiyana ngati muwalamula pa intaneti.

Nayi malingaliro ena abwino a Anna (wazaka 55): “Kwa zaka 8 ndakhala ndikudwala matenda ashuga a 2. Zaka zaposachedwa, kupanikizika kwayamba kuvuta. Anandichitira ndi Diakarb, koma mankhwalawo sanathandize. Koma kenako adamwa Bufenok ndipo adayamba kumva bwino. Sindikudziwa ngati mankhwala ena angachepetse kuthamanga mwachangu komanso moyenera, koma ndikusangalala ndi mankhwalawa. ”

Mlingo umatsimikiziridwa payekha ndi katswiri wopezekapo. Posankha mankhwala kuti muchepetse kuthamanga kwa magazi, mfundo zotsatirazi ziyenera kuganiziridwa:

Mukamamwa Nifedipine (wogwira ntchito mwachidule), mwayi wokhala ndi vuto la mtima ungakulitse.
Otsutsana ndi calcium amalembedwera kupewa matenda a sitiroko ndi mtima.
Felodipine (zochita nthawi yayitali) ndiotetezeka, koma osagwira ntchito monga ACE inhibitors. Kuti muchepetse kupanikizika bwino, ndikofunikira kuphatikiza ndi njira zina.
Ma Negidropelins (Diltiazem ndi Verapamil) ndi abwino chifukwa cha matenda a shuga, amakhudza kwambiri impso.

Ma calcium antagonists ndi mapiritsi othandizira kuthamanga kwa magazi, ngakhale atagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi yayitali amatha kuletsa kupanga insulin.

Mukasiya kumwa mankhwala othandizira odwala matenda ashuga, ndiye kuti ntchito za kapamba zimapola pang'onopang'ono.

Kugwiritsa ntchito alpha ndi beta blockers

Ma alpha-blockers monga Terazosin kapena Prazosin, mosiyana ndi beta-blockers mu shuga, kusintha kagayidwe kazakudya ndi lipid metabolism, komanso kuwonjezera chiwopsezo cha zomanga za minyewa kumachepetsa mphamvu ya shuga.

Ngakhale kupindulitsa konse, mankhwalawa opanikizika a shuga amatha kuyambitsa zovuta zina - kutupa, kulimbikira kwa tachycardia ndi orthostatic hypotension (kuthamanga kwa magazi). Mapiritsi mulimonsemo musamamwe ndi kulephera kwa mtima.

Pogwiritsa ntchito beta-blockers, shuga ndi mtima pathologies zimatha kuwongoleredwa. Mukamasankha mapiritsi oti mumwe, ndikofunikira kuganizira kuphatikizika, hydrophilicity, vasodilating kwenikweni ndi lipophilicity ya mankhwala oopsa mu shuga.

Mutha kumwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo a beta-blockers, chifukwa amathandizira kugwira ntchito kwa mtima ndipo, mosiyana ndi omwe sanasankhe, samaletsa kupanga insulin.

Komanso, ndikupsinjika kwakukulu komanso matenda a shuga, madotolo ambiri amalangiza kumwa mankhwala a vasodilator, chifukwa amakhudza bwino kagayidwe kazakudya ndi mafuta, kukulitsa chidwi cha kuchepa kwa shuga. Komabe, mapiritsi oponderezawo amatha kumwa kokha moyang'aniridwa ndi dokotala, chifukwa ali ndi mndandanda waukulu wa contraindication.

Kudya lipophilic ndi madzi osungunuka beta-blockers nthawi zambiri osayenera, chifukwa zimakhudza chiwindi ndi psychoemotional state.

Potengera momwe mankhwalawa amathandizira, mankhwalawa amathanso kuchitira matenda oopsa. Zida zotchuka kwambiri zamankhwala ndi ma pine cones, mbewu za fulakesi ndi adyo. Pali njira zosiyanasiyana zakukonzekera - tincture, decoctions, etc. Folk maphikidwe a shuga angachiritsidwe, sikofunikira kufunsa katswiri kale.

Palibe choopsa chilichonse ndi kupsinjika kochepa mu matenda a shuga mellitus (hypotension), chifukwa magazi ochepa atha kufa. Mulimonse momwe zingakhalire, ndikofunikira kuwunika kuthamanga kwa mtundu wa 2 shuga.

Matenda a shuga ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi malingaliro awiri ofanana. Chifukwa chake, popewa kukula kwa zovuta zazikulu, ndikofunikira kutenga mapiritsi opanikizika a matenda a shuga, komanso kukhala ndi chakudya choyenera, kuchita ntchito zakunja ndikugwiritsira ntchito wowerengeka azithandizo atakambirana ndi adokotala.

Ndi mapiritsi ati a matenda oopsa omwe odwala matenda ashuga angamuuze katswiri mu kanemayu.