Mankhwala a Tachycardia a shuga

Kusokonezeka kwa mitsempha ya mtima mu matenda ashuga kumatha kuonekera motsutsana ndi matendawo chifukwa cha matendawa. Matendawa ndi monga matenda oopsa, matenda a mtima ndi zina.

Ndizofunikira kudziwa kuti kusokonezeka kwa mitsempha komanso phokoso m'misempha kumatha kukhala kosiyana. Chifukwa chake, sikuti milandu yonse imafuna chithandizo chachikulu, chifukwa matenda ambiri nthawi zambiri amayenda ndi wodwala moyo wake wonse. Koma matenda ena akupita patsogolo mwachangu, chifukwa chotsatira zovuta kwambiri, zomwe zimafunikira chithandizo chamankhwala mwachangu.

Nthawi zambiri, ndi mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga, tachycardia imayamba. Koma kodi matendawa ndi chiani ndipo ndi owopsa motani kwa odwala matenda ashuga?

Kodi tachycardia ndi chiyani ndi zizindikiro zake?

Matendawa amapezeka pamene phokoso la mtima lisokonezeka pomwe limakhala pafupipafupi.

Komanso, kulephera kumatha kuchitika osati kokha pakulimbitsa thupi, komanso ngati munthu wapumula.

Tachycardia ndiwachilengedwe komanso matenda. Ndiwo mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda omwe ungathe kutsagana ndi matenda ashuga.

Koma mwa odwala matenda ashuga omwe amachita masewera, kuthamanga kwa mtima kumawonekera ndi katundu aliyense. Kuphatikiza apo, zinthu zina zimathandizira ku izi:

1. kupsinjika kwakukulu
2. nkhanza za caffeine
3. mantha ndi zinthu.

Koma atasiya kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kapena kuchepa kwa vuto lamanjenje, mtima wake umabwezeretseka lokha. Mitengo yanthete yachilendo ndimamenyedwa 60-80 pamphindi. Ngati ili pamwamba 90, ndiye izi zikuwonetsa tachycardia, ndipo ngati wotsika, bradycardia.

Tachycardia mu shuga sikuwonetsedwa nthawi zonse ndi zizindikiro zazikulu, kotero odwala sangadziwe kupezeka kwa kuphwanya koteroko. Nthawi zambiri, matendawa amapezeka pokhapokha atatha mayeso a electrocardiographic.

Komanso, kuwonjezeka kwa kugunda kwa mtima kumatha kutsagana ndi zizindikilo zomwe odwala mosazindikira amakhala ngati matenda ena. Kuphatikiza pa kumva kugunda kwamphamvu kwamtima, tachycardia imakonda kuyenda ndi zizindikiro zina zingapo:

• chizungulire
• kusinthana kwa phokoso lochedwa
• kupuma movutikira
• kukomoka
• kumverera kotembenuka kapena kukomoka kuseri kwa sternum,
• kumva kuti mtima ukugunda.

Nthawi zina zolakwika zam'mimbidwe ya mtima zimapezekanso pazomwe zimawerengeka popanda kuwerengera chithunzi chachipatala.

Zizindikiro zingapo zomwe zimachitika kawirikawiri ndimtundu wa matenda ashuga nthawi zambiri zimayamba chifukwa cha matenda a shuga. Ndizovuta zamagulu a hyperglycemia, pomwe mitsempha yomwe ili mumtima imawonongeka. Ngati akhudzidwa, ndiye kuti pali kuphwanya mzere wamtima.

Mu matenda a mtima a shuga, sinus tachycardia amachitika. Komanso, imadziwoneka yokha ngakhale wodwalayo akapumula. Kuthamanga kwa mtima mdziko lino kumachokera pa 100 mpaka 130 kumenyedwa. mphindi.

Palinso kuchepa kwa kupuma kwamphamvu pamtima. Munthu akakhala wathanzi, kenako ndikapuma kwambiri, kugunda kwa mtima kumacheperachepera.

Izi zikuwonetsa kuchepa mphamvu kwa minyewa ya parasympathetic, yomwe imachepetsa kugunda kwa mtima.

Zoyambitsa Tachycardia

Mu matenda a shuga, mitsempha ya parasympathetic imakhudzidwa, zomwe zimayambitsa kugunda kwa mtima kwachangu. Ndi kukula kwa matendawa, njira yachipatala imakhudza madipatimenti achisoni a autonomic NS.

Pakakhala zopanda chidwi pakukoka kwa mitsempha, izi zimapangitsa kuwoneka ngati tachycardia osati, komanso chitukuko cha IHD ndi maphunziro a atypical.Ndi matenda a coronary, ululu sutha kumva, chifukwa chake, odwala matenda ashuga, ngakhale vuto la mtima limachitika popanda zovuta zambiri.

Ndi chifukwa ichi kuti chiwopsezo chachikulu cha matenda ashuga chimakhalapo, chifukwa chithandizo cha panthawi yake sichichitika, chifukwa chomwe imfa ingachitike. Chifukwa chake, ngati tachycardia yokhazikika imachitika, muyenera kulumikizana ndi katswiri wamtima, chifukwa iyi ndi njira yokhayo yochepetsera kapena kusiya kukula kwa mtima wa mtima ndi matenda a shuga.

Ngati zodandaula mu phokoso la mtima sizinazindikiridwe panthawi, ndiye kuti pali kusintha mu NS wachisoni. Vutoli limawonetsedwa ndi zizindikiro za orthostatic hypotension:

1. zotupa
2. kuyera mumaso
3. chizungulire.

Zizindikiro zotere zimawonekera pamene mawonekedwe amthupi asintha. Nthawi zina zimadutsa zokha kapena zimasowa pomwe wodwalayo abwerera momwe adalili kale.

Komabe, zizindikiro zomwe zili pamwambapa, kuphatikizapo kukomoka, zimatha kuchitika ngati pali matenda a sinus node, kusokonezeka kwa phokoso la paroxysmal, komanso chipika cha atrioventricular. Chifukwa chake, kuti mudziwe chomwe chimayambitsa vuto mu mtima, muyenera kudziwitsa ena mwapadera.

Kuphatikiza apo, matenda amitsempha yama mtima m'mitsempha ya m'mimba imakhalanso yowopsa chifukwa imawonjezera mwayi womwe umatha kufa mwadzidzidzi komanso kupezeka kwa kumangidwa kwa mtima kapena m'mapapo mwanga ngati wodwala amapanga opaleshoni.

Komanso, matenda a shuga a tachycardia amakula ndi myocardial dystrophy. Zimachitika chifukwa cholephera kagayidwe kachakudya komwe kamayamba chifukwa chosowa insulini komanso kulephera kwa glucose kulowa mkati mwa cell membrane kulowa mu minofu ya mtima.

Zotsatira zake, ndalama zambiri zamagetsi zamagetsi zimachitika pogwiritsa ntchito mafuta aulere xylitol. Nthawi yomweyo, mafuta acids amadziunjikira mu cell, omwe samatulutsa mankhwala ambiri, omwe amakhala oopsa kwambiri ngati matenda a shuga akuphatikizidwa ndi matenda a mtima.

Chifukwa chake, myocardial dystrophy imatha kubweretsa mitundu yonse yamatenda oyang'anitsitsa am'mimbamo, kutsitsika, kusintha kwa fibrillation ndi zina zambiri.

Ndizofunikira kudziwa kuti chithandizo cha matenda amtunduwu ndi osiyana ndi chithandizo cha matenda ashuga a mtima.

Ndizofunikira kudziwa kuti ndi microangiopathy, ziwiya zazing'ono zomwe zimadyetsa myocardium zimakhudzidwa. Kuphatikiza apo, zimabweretsa zovuta zosiyanasiyana pamtunda wa mtima. Kupewa kwabwino kwa matenda ashuga okhala ndi matenda am'mimba kumayambitsa matenda omwe amatsogolera, ndiko kuti, matenda ashuga.

Inde, ndi munjira imeneyi pokhapokha kupezeka kwa zovuta za hyperglycemia kuphatikiza microangiopathy, neuropathy ndi myocardial dystrophy. Chifukwa chake, kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi sikuyenera kupitirira 6mmol / l sutra pamimba yopanda kanthu komanso osapitirira 8 mmol / l pambuyo pa mphindi 120. itatha chakudya.

Pali zinthu zingapo zomwe zimathandizira kukula kwa tachycardia mu shuga:

• nthawi yayitali shuga
• kunenepa
• ochepa matenda oopsa
• kubwezera shuga,
• kusuta
• mavuto omwe amadza chifukwa cha matenda oopsa a hyperglycemia.

Mitundu ya Tachycardia

Mtundu wofala kwambiri wamasokonezo amtundu wa mtima ndi sinus tachycardia, pomwe ma stroko amakwana kupitilira 70. Chidziwitso cha izi ndichakuti zikachitika, kayendedwe ka mtima kamakhala kosasinthika, ndipo chiwerengero chokhacho chimasintha.

Matendawa amakula mu sinus node, pomwe vuto limayamba mwa zikhalidwe zotumphukira zotuluka. Mtunduwu umapezeka mbali yakumanja kwa mtima, poyamba kutulutsa kumakhudza gawo ili chabe, kenako chikopacho chimaperekedwa kudzera munjira yopita kumanzere kumanzere.

Ngati magwiridwe antchito ya sinus-atgency asokonezeka, ndiye kuti izi zimabweretsa chovuta pamatanthauzira obwera kuchokera mnjira kupita ku ma ventricles.

Pa ECG, sinus tachycardia imawonetsedwa ndi zizindikiro zotsatirazi:

1. Kuthamanga kwamtima kwa 90 pamasekondi 60,
2. kusowa kwa phokoso lanyimbo,
3. kuchuluka kwakanthawi PQ ndi matalikidwe P,
4. zabwino dzino R.

Komanso, motsutsana ndi maziko a matenda ashuga, paroxysmal tachycardia imatha kuchitika, yomwe imadziwika ndi mawonekedwe akuthwa komanso kuzimiririka komweko. Mtundu wa paroxysmal wa mtundu wa kusokonekera kwa mtima kumawoneka ngati vuto lakachitika pacompaker.

Kutalika kwa nthawi yowukira kungasiyane mphindi ziwiri mpaka masiku angapo. Potere, kugunda kwa mtima kumasintha kuchokera ku 140 mpaka 300 kumenyedwa. mphindi.

Pali mitundu itatu ya paroxysmal tachycardia, yomwe imasiyanitsidwa ndi kutukuka. Ndi nodular, atgency komanso kwamitsempha yamagazi.

Chifukwa chake, ndi mawonekedwe amkatikati, mawonekedwe amatsenga amatuluka m'mbali iyi ya chiwalo. Chifukwa chake, minofu yamtima imayamba kukhazikika mwachangu (mpaka kumenyedwa ndi 220 pamphindi).

Matenda a tachycardia siofala. Kwa odwala matenda ashuga, mawonekedwe owopsa a matendawa ndi pricxular paroxysmal tachycardia.

Kupatula apo, njira yamtunduwu ya PT ndiyowopsa, ndikulumphalumpha m'magazi ake. Kupezeka kwamtundu wamtunduwu wa matenda kukuwonetsa kugunda kwa mtima.

Komanso, mwa matenda ashuga, michere yamitsempha yamagazi imatha kuchitika pamene minofu ya mtima imagwirizana mwatsatanetsatane mpaka kumenyedwa mpaka 480. Komabe, kuchepetsa kwathunthu sikuchitika.

Pa ECG, flutter yam'mimba imawonetsedwa ndi mano ang'onoang'ono komanso pafupipafupi. Vutoli ndikulumikizidwa kwa vuto lalikulu la mtima, lomwe nthawi zambiri limatha ndikumangidwa kwamtima.

Chithandizo ndi kupewa

Cholinga chachikulu cha chithandizo cha tachycardia ndikuchiza matenda ashuga ndi zina zomwe zimachitika. Nthawi yomweyo, endocrinologist, neuropathologist, cardiologist ndi madokotala ena ayenera kutenga nawo mbali pakusankha njira zochizira.

Pali magulu awiri azitsogozo omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu tachycardia. Amakhala ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo komanso othandizira.

Ma Sites amatha kukhala opangidwa komanso zachilengedwe. Mu shuga, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala okhala ndi zinthu zachilengedwe, ndipo ayenera kusankhidwa ndi adokotala.

Mu zinthu zachilengedwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito monga:

Palinso mankhwala ovuta omwe ali ndi mbewa, valerian ndi melissa pakapangidwe kake. Izi zikuphatikizapo Persen ndi Novo-Passit.

Ngakhale kuti mapangidwe awa a mankhwalawa ali ndi sucrose, mutha kumwa ndi matenda a shuga. Kupatula apo, piritsi limodzi lili ndi shuga wochepa, zomwe sizimakhudza kuchuluka kwa shuga.

Ma synthetiki ophatikizira amaphatikizapo Phenobarbital, Diazepam ndi analogues. Ndi chithandizo chawo, muthana ndi nkhawa komanso mantha, muchotsedwe tulo ndikuthana ndi vuto la tachycardia.

Mankhwala othandizira odwala matenda ashuga ayenera kusankhidwa mosamala kwambiri, chifukwa amaikidwa malinga ndi zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa. Chifukwa chake, kumwa mapiritsi amtundu wina wamatenda amangochita kukulitsa mtundu wina wa matenda.

Chifukwa chake, ndi tachycardia, mankhwala otsatirawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito:

1. Verapamine imagwira ntchito makamaka pamtundu wa supraventricular matenda, koma nthawi yomweyo amathandiza kuchepetsa shuga.
2. Rhythmylene - imagwiritsidwa ntchito kukhazikika pamimba yamatenda a cyricular ndi atria.
3. Adenosine - amadziwika kuti ndi paroxysmal ndi supraventricular tachycardia.

Komanso, ndi zovuta muntchito ya mtima, Anaprilin akhoza kutumikiridwa, zomwe zimachepetsa kugunda kwa mtima, ndikupatsa mphamvu. Mankhwalawa amayambiranso kuperekera okosijeni ku myocardium, ndikuyambitsa ntchito yake. Komabe, Anaprilin amachepetsa kugunda kwa mtima, potero amabisa kugunda kwamtima kolimba, komwe ndiko chizindikiro chachikulu cha hypoglycemia.

Komanso, tachycardia imatha kuthandizidwa pogwiritsa ntchito njira zolimbitsa thupi, zomwe zimaphatikizapo kukhudzana ndi ma electro-pulse komanso Reflexology. Njira yotsirizayi imagwiritsidwa ntchito paroxysmal mawonekedwe amtundu wamtima wosokoneza. Pakusintha, wodwalayo amaikidwa chikhodzodzo cha nkhope yake, pambuyo pake amayamba kutsokomola ndi kufinya.

Ngati njirayi idakhala yopanda ntchito, ndiye kuti mphamvu yamkati yamagetsi imagwiritsidwa ntchito. Potere, ma elekitirodi amamangiriridwa pachifuwa cha wodwalayo, kenako kutulutsa kochepa komwe kumachitika kudzera mwa iwo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuyambitsa kugwira ntchito kwa myocardium. Komabe, chithandizo chotere chimatha kuchitika kuchipatala, nthawi zambiri chimagwiritsidwa ntchito povuta kwamtima.

Opaleshoni ya tachycardia imachitika pawiri. Loyamba ndi matenda a mtima obadwa nawo, matenda a mtima a ischemic ndipo pambuyo povutitsidwa ndi rheumatism, chachiwiri ndi kusokonekera kwa mahomoni.

Kupewa tachycardia mu shuga ndikupewa kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi komanso kukhala ndi mavuto ambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, muyenera kusiya mphamvu, khofi, mowa ndi chikonga. Koma choyambirira, kubwezera anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga ndikofunikira kotero kuti kuphatikiza shuga nthawi zonse kumakhala koyenera.

Kanemayo munkhaniyi amafotokoza tachycardia ndi chithandizo chake.

Zizindikiro ndi supraventricular tachycardia

Kwa zaka zambiri, kulimbana ndi matenda oopsa osagonjetseka?

Mkulu wa Sukulu: “Mudzadabwitsidwa momwe kumakhalira kosavuta kuchiza matenda oopsa tsiku lililonse.

Tachycardia imakhala kugunda kwamtima mofulumira pamene kugunda kwamtima kupitirira 90 kumenyedwa. Pali mitundu ingapo ya tachycardia, ndipo imodzi yodziwika bwino ndi paroxysmal supraventricular. Tachycardia yamtunduwu imadziwika ndi kuukira mwadzidzidzi komwe kumatha kuyambira masekondi angapo mpaka masiku angapo.

• Zifukwa
• Zizindikiro
• Zizindikiro
• Chithandizo
• Zochita adokotala asanafike
• Zochita za gulu la ambulansi
• Mankhwala othandizira
• Chithandizo cha anthu
• Zotsatira, zovuta ndi kudalirika
• Kupewa

Kudziwa zomwe zimayambitsa tachycardia ndikovuta. Chowonadi ndi chakuti kupangika mofulumira kwa minofu yamtima kumatha kugwirizanitsidwa osati ndi matenda, komanso kukhala kuyankha kwakuthupi pakukhumudwa kwina kapena kwamaganizidwe.

Ngati chifukwa cha tachycardia ndichilengedwe mwachilengedwe, palibe chifukwa chothandizira kuchipatala, ndikwanira kuti muchepetse zochitika zomwe zinayambitsa kuukira.

Pathological tachycardia imawonekera chifukwa chophwanya dongosolo la mapangidwe osokoneza bongo kapena ngati zokopa zimapangidwa kuchokera ku gwero la patological. Nthawi zambiri, patatha patachitika pang'onopang'ono timapangapo timene timayambira pansipa kapena pamwamba pa sinoatrial node - munthawi ya dera.

Zinthu zakunja zosatsimikizira kuukira kwa tachycardia ya supraventricular, chifukwa zimatha kuchitika mosasamala nthawi ya tsiku. Zomwe zimayambitsa kuwoneka kwa supraventricular paroxysmal tachycardia nthawi zambiri zimagawika m'mitundu iwiri - mtima ndi extracardiac.

Zinthu zazikulu zomwe zimathandizira kukulitsa kwa supraventricular paroxysmal tachycardia:

1. Matenda a mtima adapeza khalidwe.
2. Zofooka za mtima wosabereka.
3. Kuledzera.
4. Kuchulukitsa kamvekedwe ka mantha mu dipatimenti yachifundo.
5. Kukhazikika kwa njira zosadziwika bwino zomwe mitsempha imakhudzira mtima.
6. Zowonjezera mphamvu kumapeto kwa mitsempha kuchokera ku chiwonetsero cha ziwalo zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi ma pathological.
7. Dystrophy ya minofu ya mtima. Monga zitsanzo, kusintha kwa dystrophic kumachitika chifukwa cha kulowetsedwa kwa myocardial, matenda opatsirana, mtima ndi zina.
8. Matenda a metabolism. Mphamvu ya kagayidwe amasintha mosiyanasiyana ndi matenda a shuga, kupatsirana kwa minyewa ya adrenal kapena chithokomiro cha chithokomiro.
9. Mtundu.
10. Idiopathic chinthu kumadera komwe mitsempha imayendera.
11. Poizoni wamphamvu kapena woledzera, mankhwala osokoneza bongo kapena mankhwala.

Zimachitika kuti zomwe zimayambitsa supraventricular tachycardia sizitha kukhazikitsidwa.

Owerenga athu adagwiritsa ntchito bwino ReCardio kuchiza matenda oopsa.Kuwona kutchuka kwa malonda, tidaganiza zoperekera chidwi chanu.

Nthawi zina, tachycardia ya supraventricular mwina singathe kuyenda ndi chilichonse. Momwemonso pamene tachycardia ikufanana ndi zizindikiro zotchulidwa, zizindikiro zenizeni zimatha kusiyanasiyana pakati pa munthu ndi munthu.

Mwa achinyamata omwe alibe matenda amtima, supraventricular tachycardia imakonda kutchulidwa. Kwa odwala okalamba, kugunda kwamtima kofulumira sikungamveke konse ndipo kumangopezeka pakuyezetsa kuchipatala.

Zizindikiro zodziwika kwambiri za supraventricular tachycardia:

• kuchuluka kwambiri kwa mtima, komwe kumamveka m'malo a khomo lachiberekero,
• chizungulire, kuchita khungu m'maso, kukomoka,
• kugwirana chanza
• mavuto a kulankhula
• ziwalo zosakhalitsa zamkati mwa mbali imodzi ya thupi,
• kutuluka thukuta kwambiri
• mtima mawonekedwe owoneka ndi maso,
• kutopa,
• kukodza pafupipafupi
• kupuma kwapanja.

Zizindikiro

Ngati mukukayikira tachycardia, muyenera, osazengereza, kufunsa dokotala wamtima kuti amvetse zomwe zimayambitsa vutoli. Kutolere kwa anamnesis ndikothandiza, koma sikungakhale maziko a matenda.

Mitundu yotsatirayi yazidziwitso ikupereka chidziwitso chofunikira:

• tomography
• kuyesa kwa ultrasound
• electrocardiogram.

Zinthu zazikuluzikulu zomwe katswiri wamtima wamatsenga amatenga ndi:

• mungoli lolondola
• malo ochepera a QRS,
• mafunde atatu kapena kuposerapo ma P ndi ma cell am'mimba,
• kuchuluka kwambiri kwa mtima.

Ngati pali malingaliro ofuna kuyandikira, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti mupume kwambiri ndikukhala chete. Ndikofunikira kupondereza minofu ya atolankhani ndi mphete ya anal - izi zachedwetsa chitukuko.

Kusakhazikika pamakhala kofunikira chifukwa mantha amangokulitsa kuukira. Palibenso chifukwa chochitira mwadzidzidzi kuti musayambitse zovuta. Ndikofunikira kutenga malo oyimirira ndipo, ngati pakangopita mphindi zochepa sizikhala bwino, itanani gulu la ambulansi.

Zochita adokotala asanafike

Ngati chithandizo chamankhwala chikuyitanidwa, muyenera kumasuka momwe mungathere mutagona pansi ndikuyesera kupuma molingana momwe mungathere. Musanagone, ndibwino kuti mutsegule chitseko chanyumba pasadakhale, kuti pachitike vuto lalikulu, madokotala a ambulansi akhoza kulowa m'chipindacho.

Sitikulimbikitsidwa kumwa mapiritsi aliwonse (pokhapokha ngati mankhwala atchulidwa ndi dokotala) ndikumwa madzi. Amphaka, zopendekera kapena mayendedwe ena akuthambo samaloledwa.

Kuti muchepetse kuukira, tikulimbikitsidwa kutikita m'mitsempha ya carotid, kufinya m'maso ndi zala zanu.

Kupewa

Matenda a shuga si sentensi. Pozindikira munthawi yake komanso chithandizo chamankhwala chabwino, munthu akhoza kukhala moyo wonse osadzimva kuti akusowa chochita. Ndipo kuti matenda ashuga asamayike impso, muyenera kutsatira malamulo ena:

• Yang'anirani shuga yamagazi ndikuisunga bwino kuti musapewe mavuto a impso:

• Sungani kuthamanga kwa magazi pamlingo wosaposa 130/80.
• Nthawi ndi nthawi mumayesedwa kuti muone momwe impso zimakhalira.
• Yang'anani kuchuluka kwa magazi ndi mafuta ndi mafuta m'thupi.
• Tsatirani njira ya mankhwala yomwe dokotala amakupatsani.
• Tsatirani zakudya.
• Khalani ndi moyo wathanzi ndipo siyani zizolowezi zoyipa.
• Muzichita zolimbitsa thupi.

Choyamba, kupewa matenda a sitiroko, muyenera kumwa mankhwalawa ochepetsa shuga: mapiritsi (Metformin, Glibenclamide) kapena insulin. Osanyalanyaza malingaliro a dokotala wanu pankhani ya kusintha kwa mankhwala a insulin.

Izi zikuthandizira pokhapokha ngati pakuchitika sitiroko, komanso chifukwa cha kulephera kwaimpso, matenda ashuga retinopathy, neuro- ndi angiopathy. Malangizo otsatirawa ndi othandiza:

• moyo wathanzi
• kuwonda
• kudya chakudya chamagulu owonjezera
• kupewa zakudya zamafuta m'zakudya,
• kusewera masewera
• kudutsa mayeso a kupewa,
• glycemic control
• kumwa mankhwala omwe amachepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi,
• kufunsa kwakanthawi kothandizidwa,
• kumwa mankhwala ochepetsa cholesterol, otsika kachulukidwe lipoproteins ndi triglycerides (statins),
• kusiya kusuta ndi kumwa mowa,
• kuwunika,
• kupewa kupewetsa mantha kwambiri.

Kutengera zomwe tafotokozazi, zikuwonekeratu kuti zovuta zomwe zimachitika ndi matenda ashuga zimatha kubweretsa kukula kwa sitiroko. Zotsatira zoterezi zitha kupewedwa pokhapokha zizindikiro za shuga zamagazi zikuyang'aniridwa munthawi yake, ndipo ngati zizindikiro zoyambirira zizindikirika, tsatirani njira yochiritsidwira yoyambira.

Nthawi zambiri, neuropathy imayamba pang'onopang'ono, ndipo zizindikiro zake zimatha kusokonezeka mosavuta ndi zovuta zina zamthupi. Pankhaniyi, zizindikiro za mitundu ingapo ya matendawa zimatha kupezeka nthawi imodzi.

1. Peripheral neuropathy ndiyo mtundu wofala kwambiri. Zizindikiro zimakonda kuwonekera usiku, kuphimba koyambirira, kenako miyendo. Nthawi yomweyo, munthu samatha kudziwa kusintha kwa kutentha ndipo amamva:

• dzanzi
• kulira kapena kuwotcha
• kupweteka kwapweteka
• kukokana
• kufooka kwa minofu
• kutayika kwa malingaliro
• kutayika kwa mgwirizano.

Nthawi zina matenda ena amiyendo (zilonda, matenda, kupindika, ululu wolumikizana).

2. Autonomic neuropathy imapangitsa kuwonongeka kwa gawo lamanjenje lomwe limayendetsa magwiridwe antchito a mtima, kayendedwe kazinthu, gawo logaya, maliseche, ndi kwamkodzo dongosolo. Ndi matenda, zovuta zotsatirazi zilipo:

• chikhodzodzo ntchito kuwonongeka (kwamikodzo posungira kapena kutsika),
• matenda a kwamkodzo thirakiti
• kudzimbidwa kapena kutsegula m'mimba kumachitika
• kutaya kwa m'mimba kumachedwa, komwe kumayambitsa mseru, kusanza, kutuphuka ndi kuchepa kwa chakudya,
• kumakhala kowawa kumeza
• kukanika kwa erectile kumachitika mwa amuna, mwa akazi - kuwuma kwa ukazi ndi mavuto ena ogonana,
• thukuta limachulukitsa kapena kuchepa,
• thupi limalephera kuthekera kowongolera kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi kugunda kwa mtima, komwe kumatha kupangitsa kuchepa kwakukulu kwa kuthinitsidwa pambuyo pakuchita zolimbitsa thupi pang'ono, kusiya kugona.
• kusintha kwamitundu
• arrhasmia imachitika, ngakhale munthu atakhala chete.

3. Local diabetesic neuropathy imakwiya ndikuwonongeka kwa mitsempha imodzi, yomwe imatha kupezeka kumaso, thunthu kapena mwendo. Matenda amtunduwu, omwe amatchedwanso kuti focal neuropathy, amawoneka mwadzidzidzi ndipo amapezeka kwambiri mwa anthu achikulire.

Ngakhale ma neuropathy am'deralo amatha kupweteka kwambiri, sikuti amakhalapo nthawi yayitali. Zizindikiro zake zimayamba kudzimiririka patapita miyezi yochepa.

Kuwonetsedwa kwa matendawa amakhudzidwa ndi komwe mitsempha imakhudzidwa, ndipo neuropathy yam'deralo imakhala ndi zowonjezera zingapo zowonjezera:

• ndizovuta kuti munthu ayang'ane maso ake,
• Zotsatira zakuwona "kawiri" ndizotheka,
• theka limodzi la nkhope limafooka
• kupweteka kumakhudzidwa nthawi zonse m'miyendo, kumapazi, m'chiuno, m'munsi kumbuyo, pachifuwa, m'maso, m'mimba.

Kutsatira malangizo osavuta awa, mutha kuchepetsa kwambiri vuto la kudwala matenda ashuga:

1. Kuyang'anira kuthamanga kwa magazi. Nthawi zambiri, anthu odwala matenda a shuga amakhala ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi. Kukhalapo kwa matenda oopsa komanso matenda ashuga kumayambitsa kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha yamagazi ndikuwonongeka kwa magazi, zomwe zimawonjezera chiopsezo cha zovuta.
2. Kutsatira ndi mfundo za zakudya zoyenera.Kuti mukhale ndi thanzi labwino, muyenera kudya mokwanira, kuphatikiza zipatso, ndiwo zamasamba, komanso zakudya zonse zambewu. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti muchepetse kukula kwake ndikuchotsa kwathunthu mafuta, zonunkhira.
3. Kukhala wakhama tsiku lililonse. Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kumathandiza kuti magazi azithamanga komanso kupewa mtima. Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kumathandizanso kuchepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi. Pakakhala vuto lowopsa la kuchepa kwa mitsempha komanso kuchepa kwamphamvu kwa miyendo yakumunsi, dokotalayo angalimbikitse zochitika ngati kuyenda njinga kapena kusambira.
4. Kuperewera kwa zizolowezi zoipa (kusuta, mowa). Zatsimikiziridwa kuti osuta matenda a shuga amatha kufa ndi vuto la mtima kapena sitiroko kuposa omwe amadwala matenda ashuga osokoneza bongo.

Kanemayu akufotokoza zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa pamafunso ake, zizindikiro zake zazikulu, komanso njira zamankhwala komanso njira zodzitetezera.

Njira zabwino zopewera matenda ashuga ndi kuwunika magazi anu pafupipafupi. Ngati matenda atapezeka, ndikofunikira kukaonana ndi dokotala pafupipafupi, kutsatira mosamalitsa malangizo ake chifukwa chokhoza kusamalira ndikuchepetsa kupitilira kwa neuropathy.

Matenda ashuga angiopathy ndimavuto owopsa omwe amatha kupezeka mwa munthu yemwe ali ndi matenda a matenda a shuga a mtundu woyamba 1. Imadziwonetsa ngati chotupa cha magazi m'magazi onse, omwe amapezeka motsutsana ndi maziko a matenda omwe amapezeka nthawi yayitali popanda kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala mosayenera.

Monga lamulo, angiopathy amayamba kukhala mwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda osokoneza bongo kwa zaka zopitilira zitatu. Kukula kwa matenda kumatengera komwe gawo lomwe limayamba. Mulimonsemo, matendawa amabweretsa vuto lalikulu kwa munthu ndipo limawonjezera thanzi lathunthu.

Madokotala amasiyanitsa mitundu iwiri yayikulu yamatenda awa:

• Microangiopathy. Kupatuka komwe zombo zazing'ono zimavutika - ma capillaries. Mtundu wofala kwambiri komanso wofala wazovuta.
• Macroangiopathy Matenda omwe vuto limakhudza ziwiya zazikuluzikulu zathupi - mitsempha ndi mitsempha. Mochulukitsa kwambiri, matenda amtunduwu amakula ndi matenda omwe amapitilira - zaka zoposa khumi.

Munthu akakhala ndi matenda ashuga kwa nthawi yayitali, kuchuluka kwa glucose kumakhalapo nthawi zonse m'magazi. Zotsatira zake, njira yoyendayenda imayamba kuvutika: makoma a zotengera pang'onopang'ono amapunduka komanso kuwonongeka kwathunthu.

Ma capillaries, mitsempha ndi mitsempha imatha kuonda kwambiri. Nthawi zina, deformations mawonekedwe mu mtima patsekeke. Zonsezi zimabweretsa kutsekeka kwa magazi ndi njira zama metabolic. Kodi tili ndi chifukwa chiti? Njala ya okosijeni (hypoxia), yomwe imapezeka mu minofu ina, ziwalo ndi machitidwe awo.

Ndi macroangiopathy, ziwiya zazikulu zamiyendo nthawi zambiri zimavutika (zochulukirapo makumi asanu ndi awiri peresenti ya milandu).

Ndi microangiopathy, chinthu chachikulu chiwonongeko ndi maso, ndicho mawonekedwe a diso. Tiona mtundu wamtunduwu mwatsatanetsatane pansipa.

Ndi mtundu wa microangiopathy. Vuto lalikulu lomwe likufunika chithandizo chokwanira.

Kupanikizika kumawonekera ngati chotupa cha ziwiya zazing'ono za retina. Zimatsogolera pakukutira kwa makoma a zotengera zazing'ono zazing'ono zamaso. Izi zimakwiyitsanso, kuchepetsa pang'ono kapena kuchepa kwathunthu kwa zombo nthawi.

Kodi tili ndi chifukwa chiti? Kuphwanya magazi m'matumbo. Zotsatira zake, zimakhala zokhala ndi vuto la kuchepa kwa oxygen (hypoxia) zimavutika. Pa nthawi ya mayeso, adokotala amatha kuwona mawonekedwe a chikaso pakhungu la diso.

Zizindikiro zazikuluzikulu za kupsinjika ndizofanana ndi zomwe zimadziwika:

• pang'ono kapena kuwonongeka kwathunthu kwa masomphenya
• mitambo, ntchentche kapena "mphezi" m'maso,
• pafupipafupi mphuno
• kumverera kwa "kupindika" kwa magazi m'maso,
• Kuchepetsa gawo lamawonedwe.

Chizindikiro chimodzi kapena zingapo pamwambapa zikuchitika, muyenera kulankhulana ndi a ophthalmologist omwe azindikire ndikupereka chithandizo chokwanira.

Ophthalmoscopy Ndondomeko, pomwe ophthalmologist ali ndi mwayi wofufuza mosamalitsa funde la wodwala, pogwiritsa ntchito chida chomwe chimakulitsa "chithunzicho" mobwerezabwereza. Mukamayesedwa, matendawa amafotokozedwa, ndipo kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha yamaso kumatsimikizidwanso.

Ma Visometry Zimapangitsa kukhazikitsa zowoneka bwino. Komanso, njirayi imagwiritsidwa ntchito pofuna kudziwa mtundu wa retina.

Laser tomography. Cholinga cha ntchitoyo ndikuwunika momwe mawonekedwe am'mimba amodzi amathandizira komanso kuphatikiza mitsempha ya optic.

Kutontha. Zimachitika kuti kudziwa intraocular anzawo.

Njira zowonjezera njira zowunikira monga Doppler kuyezetsa kwamitsempha yamagazi, radiology, kulingalira kwa maginito.

Chifukwa chiyani tachycardia kapena kugunda kwamtima kosafunikira kumawonekera

Kusweka mtima kumakhala kumva kuwonjezeka kapena kuthamanga kwa mtima. Nthawi zambiri zimachitika ndi tachycardia, ndiye kuti, kuwonjezeka kwa kugunda kwa mtima kwa oposa 90 pamphindi. Ndi chizindikiro chogwirizana.

Anthu nthawi zina amamva kugundidwa kwabwinobwino nthawi, nthawi zina, kusokonezeka kwakatundu kwambiri sikungamveke. Zomverera zokha sizomwe zikuwonetsa matenda a mtima.

Kuchulukitsa ndi kuwonjezeka kwa kugunda kwa mtima ndichitidwe choyenera kupsinjika kapena zolimbitsa thupi. Pokhapokha ngati pali zizindikiro zina, kutentha kwa mtima kumatha kulankhula za matenda enaake. Zizindikiro zomwe zimatsatana ndi kugunda kwa mtima zimadalira matenda omwe alipo.

Tachycardia ndi palpitations zimatha kuchitika ndi:

• myocarditis, endocarditis,
• arrhythmias
• mtima, matenda am'mitsempha,
• kuchepa magazi
• michere-misempha dystonia,
• kupunduka kwa mtima
• ochepa matenda oopsa
• neurosis
• zovuta za endocrine,
• kusintha kwa thupi
• zotupa.

Nthawi zina kuphatikiza kwa tachycardia ndi palpitations kumaphatikizidwa ndi nkhawa, ndikuwonetsa zowonjezera zamasamba (kunjenjemera ndi kunjenjemera) kumapangitsa munthu mantha ndi kutsimikiza kuti ali ndi matenda owopsa.

Muzochitika izi, kutenga nawo gawo pa psychotherapist therapy ndikofunikira. Chithunzi chojambulidwa pamtima chimaperekedwa pambuyo poyesedwa ndi kuyezetsa kwa Holter ECG tsiku lililonse.

Zimayambitsa zovuta za mtima ndi zomwe zimayambitsa chiopsezo

Matenda a shuga amakhala ndi moyo waufupi chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Matendawa amatchedwa hyperglycemia, yomwe imakhudza mwachindunji mapangidwe a atherosulinotic malo. Yotsirizika kapena yotseka lumen ya ziwiya, zomwe zimatsogolera ku ischemia ya minofu yamtima.

Madokotala ambiri ali ndi chitsimikizo kuti shuga yowonjezera imakhumudwitsa kusokonekera - malo okhala ndi lipid. Chifukwa cha izi, makoma azotengera amakhala mawonekedwe ovomerezeka ndi mawonekedwe.

Hyperglycemia imathandizanso kutsegula kwa kuphatikiza kwa oxidative ndikupanga ma free radicals, omwe amakhalanso ndi vuto la endothelium.

Chithunzi cha kuchipatala

Mu matenda a shuga, kuwonjezeka kwa shuga m'magazi kumatsutsa kupatuka kwa dongosolo la mantha. Ichi ndichifukwa kuphwanya njira kagayidwe kachakudya mu minofu ya mtima.

Izi zotsatirazi zimasiyanitsidwa: mtima mawonekedwe a neuropathy, sinus mtima, arrhythmia, myocardial infarction, kutsitsa magazi. Mawonekedwe awa amayenera kuthandizidwa mosamalitsa komanso munthawi yake kuti apereke chithandizo kuti zovuta zisamachitike.

Tachycardia mu shuga imayenderana ndi kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha ya mtima. Chizindikiro cha matenda amenewa ndi kupukutira pamwamba pa 100 kumenyedwa pamphindi. Ma gymnastics opuma satha kuchepetsa kugunda kwa mtima, ngakhale munthu wathanzi amatha kuyendetsa zimachitika ndi njirayi.Izi zikuwonetsa kuchepa kwa mitsempha ya parasympathetic. Izi zimadziwonetsera ndi zizindikiro zotsatirazi:

• chizungulire
• kukomoka
• arrhasmia,
• kupuma movutikira
• kumva kufinya kumbuyo kwa sternum.

Kodi chingalimbikitse bwanji kukulitsa kwa zotupa zamagetsi am'magazi, kuphatikiza mtima ndi matenda a shuga

Zosintha mthupi la mzimayi amene ali ndi msambo wa kusamba, nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi arrhasmia. Vutoli limadziwika ndi kuphwanya mzere wokhudzana ndimtima.

Imadziwonetsa yokha pamlingo wowonjezeka wamtima wopitilira 90 pamphindi. Ngakhale kuti tachycardia yokhala ndi kusintha kwa thupi imawoneka kuti ndi yamoyo, odwala omwe akumananso ndi vuto lofananalo ayenera kulandira chithandizo chapadera.

Contraindication ndi ntchito pa nthawi ya pakati

Mu malangizo ogwiritsa ntchito, kampani yopanga ikusonyeza kuti palibe zotsutsana. Nthawi zina mumatha kukumana ndi kusalolera kwanu, chifukwa chake muyenera kupangana ndi dokotala.

Komanso asayansi sadziwa molondola za zomwe Dibikor amachita, ngati pali matenda ena osachiritsika. Mapiritsi amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito mosamala kwambiri ndipo mutafunsa dokotala, ngati alipo:

• pachimake aimpso kulephera
• hepatic chikomokere
• zilonda zam'mimba mu gawo la pachimake.

Dibicor imaphatikizidwa kwa anthu omwe ali ndi zotupa zoyipa komanso mwa odwala omwe ali ndi zaka 18.

Pakadali pano, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa panthawi ya mkaka wa m'mawere ndi panthawi yoletsedwa. Koma choletsa chida sichikhazikitsidwe chifukwa cha zovuta zake.

Ngakhale ndimaphunziro ambiri azachipatala, mankhwalawa sanaphunziridwe kwathunthu molingana ndi momwe zimakhalira pakukula kwa mwana wosabadwayo komanso momwe mayi wapakati amakhalira. Pa mkaka wa m`mawere, mankhwalanso ndibwino kuti musagwiritse ntchito, popeza palibe chidziwitso chotsimikizika pazotsatira zake.

Zizindikiro za tachycardia yodalira insulin

Cardiac arrhythmia mu shuga imatha kuwonekera chimodzimodzi kufalikira kwa arrhythmia, ndiko kuti, tachycardia ndi kuphwanya kugunda kwa mtima. Munthu wodwala matenda ashuga akhoza kukhala ndi:

Ngati munthu wodwala matenda a shuga wapeza zinthuzi, muyenera kukaonana ndi dokotala ndikupimikiranso. Munjira imeneyi mokha momwe mungadzitetezere ku zotsatira zoyipa za fibrillation ya atgency ndikupereka chithandizo choyenera.

Muyenera kudziwa kuti chithandizo chamankhwala sichofunikira nthawi zonse. Anthu odwala matenda ashuga amatha kukhala ndi zizindikiro za MA kwa zaka zambiri. Nthawi zina ntchito yamtima imatha kuwonongeka kwambiri ndikuyambitsa kulowerera m'mitsempha kapena zovuta zina.

Chifukwa chake, muyenera kufunsa dokotala kuti musinthe mtima uliwonse.

Kodi akuyenera kuchita chiyani kuti mtima wodwala matenda ashuga asamalire kwambiri aoneke mochedwa momwe angathere komanso ndi chithandizo chiti chayikidwa?

Ambiri odwala matenda ashuga amasamala za momwe angachitire ndi matenda a mtima opaleshoni. Chithandizo chowongolera chimachitika polimbitsa mtima ndi mothandizidwa ndi mankhwala sizinabweretse zotsatira zomwe mukufuna. Zisonyezo za opaleshoni ndi:

1. kusintha kwa mtima,
2. Ngati chifuwa chimakhala chowawa nthawi zonse,
3. kutupa
4. arrhasmia,
5. amakayikira mtima
6. pang'onopang'ono angina pectoris.

Kuchita opaleshoni ya mtima kulephera kumaphatikizapo balodonation. Ndi chithandizo chake, kupendekera kwamtsempha, komwe kumalimbitsa mtima, kumathetsedwa. Panthawi ya ndalamayi, catheter imayikidwa mu mtsempha, momwe bulalo limabweretsa kumalo ovuta.

Kuluma kwa aortocoronary nthawi zambiri kumachitika ngati ma mesh adalowetsedwa m'mitsempha, omwe amalepheretsa mapangidwe a cholesterol. Ndipo kulumikizana kwa mitsempha yodutsa kumene kumapangitsa kuti magazi azikhala mwaulere, zomwe zimachepetsa kwambiri ngozi yobwereranso.

Ngati wodwala matenda a shuga a mtima, chithandizo cha opaleshoni chokhazikitsidwa ndi pacemaker chimasonyezedwa. Chipangizocho chimagwira kusintha kulikonse mu mtima ndikuwakonza nthawi yomweyo, zomwe zimachepetsa mwayi wa arrhythmias.

Komabe, musanachite izi, ndikofunikira kuti musapangitse shuga kuchuluka, komanso kulipira shuga. Popeza ngakhale kulowererapo pang'ono (mwachitsanzo, kutsegula thumba, kuchotsedwa kwa misomali), komwe kumachitika pochiza anthu athanzi pamalopo, odwala matenda ashuga amachitidwa kuchipatala.

Komanso, asanafike opaleshoni yofunika, odwala omwe ali ndi hyperglycemia amasamutsidwa ku insulin. Pankhaniyi, kuyambitsa insulin yosavuta (3-5 Mlingo) kukuwonetsedwa. Ndipo masana ndikofunikira kuti muchepetse glycosuria ndi shuga wamagazi.

Popeza matenda amtima ndi matenda ashuga ndi malingaliro othandizana, anthu omwe ali ndi glycemia amafunika kuwunika kayendedwe ka mtima. Ndikofunikanso kuwongolera kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, chifukwa ndi hyperglycemia yayikulu, vuto la mtima likhoza kuchitika, mpaka kumwalira.

Mu kanema mu nkhaniyi, mutu wa matenda a mtima mu shuga akupitilizidwa.

1. Choyamba, ndikofunikira kukwaniritsa chindapusa cha matenda ashuga.

2. Kudziyang'anira pawokha nthawi zonse ndikofunikira.

3. Kuyanjana kosalekeza ndi dokotala yemwe amapezeka ndikuyang'anira matenda a shuga.

Mu zida zamankhwala amakono, pali mankhwala angapo omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda a shuga. Izi zimaphatikizapo ma antioxidants, alpha reductase inhibitors, vasodilators, antiplatelet agents, anticoagulants, lipoic acid kukonzekera, ndi zina zina. Ndi dokotala wokhazokha yemwe angasankhe mankhwala ndikuwonetsa njira ya mankhwalawa - osadziletsa!

Mankhwala ochizira matenda a mtima odwala matenda ashuga

Maziko amathandizidwe othandizira ndikuletsa zomwe zingachitike ndikuletsa kupitilira kwa zovuta zomwe zilipo. Kuti muchite izi, ndikofunikira kusintha glycemia, kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga ndikuletsa kuti isakwere ngakhale maola awiri mutatha kudya.

Pachifukwa ichi, ndi matenda amtundu wa 2 shuga, othandizira ochokera ku gulu la Biguanide ndi omwe amapatsidwa. Awa ndi Metformin ndi Siofor.

Mphamvu ya Metformin imatsimikiziridwa ndi kuthekera kwake kulepheretsa gluconeogeneis, kutsegula glycolysis, yomwe imapangitsa kuti khungu lizisungunuka komanso lactate minofu ndi mafuta. Komanso, mankhwalawa amalepheretsa kukula kwa kufalikira kwa minofu yosalala ya mtima ndikukhudza mtima.

Mlingo woyambirira wa mankhwalawa ndi 100 mg patsiku. Komabe, pali zotsutsana zingapo za kumwa mankhwalawa, makamaka omwe ali ndi vuto la chiwindi ayenera kukhala osamala.

Komanso, ndi matenda a shuga a mtundu 2, Siofor nthawi zambiri amalembedwa, omwe amakhala othandiza kwambiri makamaka ngati kudya komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi sizikuthandizira kuchepetsa thupi. Mlingo watsiku ndi tsiku amasankhidwa payekha kutengera kuchuluka kwa shuga.

Kuti Siofor ikhale yogwira mtima, kuchuluka kwake kumathandizidwa nthawi zonse - kuchokera pa mapiritsi 1 mpaka 3. Koma mlingo waukulu wa mankhwalawa suyenera kupitanso magalamu atatu.

Siofor imaphatikizidwa chifukwa cha matenda a shuga omwe amadalira insulin 1, kulowetsedwa kwa myocardial, pakati, kulephera kwa mtima ndi matenda akulu am'mapapo. Komanso, mankhwalawa satengedwa ngati chiwindi, impso komanso matenda a matenda ashuga sizigwira bwino ntchito. Kuphatikiza apo, Siofor sayenera kuledzera ngati ana kapena odwala opitilira 65 amathandizidwa.

Chithandizo cha tachycardia mu matenda a shuga umalimbana ndikuchotsa matenda omwe amayambitsawo ndipo amasankhidwa payekhapayekha ndi a mtima. Ngati tachycardia adakwiyitsidwa ndi matenda a shuga, ndiye kuti chithandizo chokwanira ndichofunikira.

Zakudya No. 9 zimawonetsedwa kupatula zakudya zamafuta, mafuta ndi kuwonjezera kwa zakudya zomwe zimakhala ndi ma fiber (maapulo, beets). Ndikofunikira kuthana ndi kunenepa kwambiri.

Mu shuga mellitus wamtundu wachiwiri, ndikofunikira kumwa mankhwala ochepetsa shuga, monga Maninil, Glibenclamide, Bukarban, koyambirira - kuwongolera komanso kuyang'anira insulin nthawi zonse.

Ndikulimbikitsidwa kupatula zinthu zomwe zili ndi tiyi kapena khofi wambiri (khofi, tiyi wamphamvu). Onetsetsani kuti mwasiya zizolowezi zoyipa (mowa, kusuta), yesetsani kupewa kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi. Ngati tachycardia ndi yachilengedwe chifukwa cha msinkhu wa wodwalayo, ndiye kuti palibe chifukwa chofunikira chotengera mankhwala.

Mankhwala

Kuchiza matendawa kumayambira pazizindikiro zoyambirira. Ndikofunika kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa moyang'aniridwa ndi dokotala ndikuwonetsetsa kuti mupewe kuchuluka kwake. Mankhwala omwe amathandizira ndi matenda ashuga amagawidwa kukhala sedative ndi antiarrhythmic. Kenako, amaimiridwa ndi opanga komanso achilengedwe.

Msika wamakono wamankhwala umapereka mankhwala osiyanasiyana omwe amachiza tachycardia. Musanayambe kugwiritsa ntchito, ndikulimbikitsidwa kukaonana ndi katswiri.

B-blockers amachepetsa pafupipafupi kukhudzika mtima, kuchepetsa kukondweretsa kwa mtima wamanjenje. Cardaron - ali ndi kufalikira kwa njira za potaziyamu ndi calcium.

Ngati vuto la tachycardia likuyenera kuimitsidwa mwachangu, ATP imathandizidwa kudzera m'mitsempha.

Zochita za gulu la ambulansi

Adotolo akafika, amawunika ngongoleyo, amayeza kuyamwa ndi kupanikizika. Ngati kugunda kwa mtima kupitirira 100 kumenyedwa pamphindi, wodwala amalizidwa kuchipatala.

Tikafika kuchipatala, amafunsidwa kulembetsa munthu aliyense, pomwe amalemba zonse zofunika zokhudza thanzi la wodwalayo. Nthawi yomweyo, wodwalayo amaikidwa kuchipatala kuti alandire chithandizo ndipo njira zochiritsira mwachangu zimachitika.

Chithandizo cha anthu

Mu zida zamankhwala azikhalidwe pali njira yokhayo yolimbana ndi supraventricular paroxysmal tachycardia - digitalis. Chomera chimatha kuletsa kugunda kwa mtima - mpaka bradycardia.

Mutha kuyika zipsinjo m'manja ndi manja anu. Komabe, umboni wodalirika wa kutikita minofu ulibe.

Zotsatira, zovuta ndi kudalirika

Milandu yayikulu kwambiri ya supraventricular paroxysmal tachycardia, ngati matendawa amakhala amitsempha, pamene kugunda kwa mtima kupitirira kugunda kwamphindi zana lililonse.

Kusintha kotheka kwa minyewa yamitsempha yamagazi ndi kufa kwa odwala. Pankhaniyi, wodwalayo akhoza kupulumutsidwa pokhapokha pothandizidwa kuti ayambenso kupuma.

Ngati paroxysm imatenga nthawi yayitali mokwanira, kulephera kwamtima kumatha kuchitika. Kuchepa kwa kutulutsa kwamtima pakati pa kuwukira kumayambitsa mtima ischemia ndi myocardial infarction kapena pachimake angina pectoris.

Mwambiri, matenda a supraventricular paroxysmal tachycardia ndi abwino. Imfa pakaukiridwa ndiyochepa.

Komabe, ngati paroxysm imalumikizidwa ndi kusintha kwakukulu kwa myocardium, kuperewera kwa mphamvu ya coronary, kugwa kwakanthawi kwa mavuto, kapena kumachitika pambuyo poti myocardial infaration idutsa, matendawo akuwonjezeka.

Beta-blockers a matenda oopsa ndi matenda a mtima

Beta-adrenergic receptor blockers, omwe amadziwika kuti beta-blockers, ndi gulu lofunikira la mankhwala osokoneza bongo omwe amakhudza dongosolo lamanjenje lamanjenje. Mankhwalawa agwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala kwa nthawi yayitali, kuyambira 1960s. Kupezeka kwa beta-blockers kunakulitsa kwambiri chithandiziro cha matenda amtima komanso matenda oopsa. Chifukwa chake, asayansi omwe adapanga koyamba ndikuyesa mankhwalawa muzochitika zamankhwala adalandira Mphoto ya Nobel mu mankhwala mu 1988.

Owerenga athu adagwiritsa ntchito bwino ReCardio kuchiza matenda oopsa. Kuwona kutchuka kwa malonda, tidaganiza zoperekera chidwi chanu.

Pochita zochizira matenda oopsa, ophatikiza ndi beta akadali ofunikira kwambiri, limodzi ndi okodzetsa, i.e. diuretics. Ngakhale kuyambira 1990s, magulu atsopano azachipatala adawonekeranso (othandizira calcium, ACE inhibitors), omwe amalembedwa pamene beta-blockers sathandizira kapena akutsutsana mwa wodwala.

Nkhani yopezeka

Mu 1930s, asayansi adazindikira kuti ndizotheka kulimbikitsa kuthekera kwa minofu yamtima (myocardium) kuti igwirizane ngati itawululidwa ndi zinthu zapadera - beta-adrenostimulants. Mu 1948, R. P. Ahlquist anaika patsogolo lingaliro la kukhalapo kwa alpha ndi beta adrenoreceptors mwa anyani. Pambuyo pake, pakati pa ma 1950, wasayansi wina dzina lake J. Black anayambitsa njira yochepetsera pafupipafupi momwe angina amagwirira. Ananenanso kuti ndizotheka kupanga mankhwala oti "titeteze" zolimba za beta zolimbikitsidwa ndi minyewa ya mtima ku zovuta za adrenaline. Kupatula apo, timadzi timeneti timalimbitsa minofu ya mtima, ndikupangitsa kuti azikumana kwambiri komanso zimayambitsa matenda a mtima.

Mu 1962, motsogozedwa ndi a J. Black, woyamba blocka beta, protenalol, adapangidwa. Koma zidapezeka kuti zimayambitsa khansa mu mbewa, ndiye sizinayesedwe mwa anthu. Mankhwala oyamba a anthu anali propranolol, omwe adatuluka mu 1964. Pakukula kwa propranolol ndi "chiphunzitso" cha opanga beta, J. Black adalandira Mphotho Nobel mu mankhwala mu 1988. Mankhwala amakono kwambiri a gululi - nebivolol - adayambitsidwa pamsika mu 2001. Iyo ndi ena obwera obetchera a m'badwo wachitatu ali ndi chinthu china chofunikira chofunikira - amachepetsa mitsempha yamagazi. Pazonse, opanga ma beta-blockers opitilira 100 adapangidwa mu ma labotore, koma osapitilira 30 adagwiritsidwa ntchito kapena akugwiritsidwabe ntchito ndi akatswiri.

Beta blocker limagwirira ntchito

Ma adrenaline a mahomoni ndi ma catecholamine ena amalimbikitsa beta-1 ndi beta-2-adrenergic receptors, omwe amapezeka mu ziwalo zosiyanasiyana. Makina a beta-blockers ndikuti amatchinga beta-1-adrenergic receptors, "kutsekereza" mtima kuchokera ku zotsatira za adrenaline ndi mahomoni ena "obalalitsa". Zotsatira zake, ntchito ya mtima imathandizidwa: imachepetsedwa pafupipafupi komanso ndi mphamvu zochepa. Chifukwa chake, kusunthika kwa ziwopsezo za angina ndi arrhythmias yamtima kumachepa. Kuchepetsa kwadzidzidzi kwamtima wamtima kumachepa.

Mothandizidwa ndi beta-blockers, kuthamanga kwa magazi kumachepa, nthawi yomweyo kudzera m'njira zingapo:

• Kutsika kwamphamvu kwa mtima ndi mphamvu,
• Kutulutsa kwa mtima
• Kutchera mseru ndikuchepetsa plasma renin,
• Kukonzanso kwa baroreceptor machitidwe a kung'ambika Chipilala ndi sinocarotid sinus,
• Mavuto okhumudwitsa m'magazi amanjenje,
• Zotsatira pamakonzedwe a vasomotor - kuchepa kwa kamvekedwe kazachifundo,
• Kuchepetsa kotumphukira kamvekedwe ka minyewa pakubisika kwa alpha-1 receptors kapena kumasulidwa kwa nitric oxide (NO).

Beta-1 ndi beta-2-adrenergic zolandila m'thupi la munthu

Beta 1 zolandilaSinus mawonekedweChimwemwe chowonjezeka, kuchuluka kwa mtima MyocardiumMphamvu ya contraction ikulira Mitsempha yama coronaryKuchulukitsa AtrioventricularodeKuchulukitsa kwa zinthu Zingwe ndi miyendoKuchulukitsa automatism Chiwindi, minofu yamatupaKuchuluka kwa glycogeneis Beta 2 zolandilaArterioles, mitsempha, mitsemphaKupumula Minofu ya bronchiKupumula Uterus wa mayi woyembekezeraKufooka ndi kuyimitsa mgwirizano Zilumba za Langerhans (maselo a pancreatic beta)Kuchulukana kwa insulin Minofu ya Adipose (ilinso ndi beta-3 adrenergic receptors)Kuchulukitsa kwa lipolysis (kuthyoliwa kwamafuta kumadera awo achilengedwe mafuta) Beta-1 ndi beta-2 zolandilaJuxtaglomerular impso zidaKutulutsa kwamphamvu kwa Renin

Kuchokera pa thebulo tikuwona kuti beta-1-adrenergic receptors amapezeka, nthawi zambiri, mu minofu ya mtima komanso minofu ya mafupa ndi impso. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mahomoni olimbikitsa amawonjezera kugunda kwa mtima ndi nyonga.

Beta-blockers amateteza ku matenda a mtima a atherosulinotic, amathandizanso kupweteka komanso kupewa kutumphukira kwa matenda. Mtima ndi zotsatira zake (kuteteza mtima) kumalumikizidwa ndi kuthekera kwa mankhwalawa kuti muchepetse kusinthasintha kwa mtima wamanzere, kuti mukhale ndi antiarrhythmic. Amachepetsa ululu mu mtima komanso amachepetsa pafupipafupi ma angina. Koma ma beta-blockers sakhala chisankho chabwino kwambiri pa matenda oopsa pokhapokha ngati wodwalayo ali ndi zodandaula za kupweteka pachifuwa komanso mtima.

Tsoka ilo, nthawi yomweyo ndi blockade ya beta-1-adrenergic receptors, "beta-2-adrenergic receptors, omwe palibe chifukwa chakulepheretsa, nawonso agwera pansi pa kagawidwe". Chifukwa cha izi, mavuto obwera chifukwa chomwa mankhwala amachitika. Beta blockers ali ndi zovuta zoyipa komanso contraindication. Afotokozedwa mwatsatanetsatane pansipa. Kusankha kwa beta-blocker ndi kuchuluka kwa momwe mankhwala ena amathandizira kutseka ma beta-1-adrenergic receptors, osakhudza ma beta-2-adrenergic receptors. Zinthu zina kukhala zofanana, kukwera kosankha, kumakhala kwabwino, chifukwa pali zotsatira zoyipa zochepa.

Gulu

Beta blockers agawidwa kukhala:

• kusankha (ndi mtima) komanso osasankha,
• lipophilic ndi hydrophilic, i.e. sungunuka m'mafuta kapena m'madzi,
• pali opanga ma beta-blocker omwe ali ndi ntchito ya kindathomimetic ndipo popanda iyo.

Tiona zonsezi mwatsatanetsatane. Tsopano chinthu chachikulu ndikumvetsetsa kuti beta-blockers ilipo mibadwo itatu, ndipo imakhala yothandiza kwambiri ngati ingagwiritsidwe ntchito ndi mankhwala amakono, m'malo mwa nthawi yakale. Chifukwa magwiridwewo azikhala apamwamba, komanso oyipa - zotsatira zoyipa.

Kugawika kwa beta blockers (2008)

1stOsasankhaPropranolol (anaprilin), timolol, pindolol, nadolol, sotalol, oxprenolol, alprenolol 2MtimaAtenolol, bisoprolol (concor), metoprolol, betaxolol (lokren) 3Ndi zowonjezera vasodilating (kumasuka mitsempha yamagazi)Labetalol, carvedilol, nebivolol

Otsitsa beta-blockers a m'badwo wachitatu ali ndi katundu wowonjezera wa vasodilating, i.e. kuthekera kosangalatsa kwamitsempha yamagazi.

• Mukamamwa labetalol, izi zimachitika chifukwa mankhwalawa samangoletsa beta-adrenergic receptors, komanso alpha-adrenergic receptors.
• Nebivolol imakulitsa kaphatikizidwe ka nitric oxide (NO), chinthu chomwe chimayang'anira kupuma kwamphamvu.
• Ndipo carvedilol imachita zonse ziwiri.

Kodi mtima wakubetcha wa mtima ndi uti?

Mu minofu ya thupi la munthu, mumakhala ma receptor omwe amayankha mahomoni adrenaline ndi norepinephrine. Alfa-1, alpha-2, beta-1 ndi beta-2-adrenergic receptors pano ali osiyana. Posachedwa, alpha-3 adrenergic receptors afotokozedwanso.

Fotokozani mwachidule malo ndi kufunika kwa adrenoreceptors motere:

• alpha-1 - podziwika m'mitsempha yamagazi, kukondoweza kumabweretsa kuphipha ndikukulitsa kuthamanga kwa magazi.
• alpha-2 - ndi "mayeso kuzungulira" kwa dongosolo la minofu. Izi zikutanthauza kuti kukondoweza kwawo kumabweretsa kutsika kwa magazi.
• beta-1 - podziwika pamtima, kukondoweza kwawo kumawonjezera kuchuluka kwa mphamvu ya mtima, komanso kumawonjezera kufunikira kwa mpweya wa myocardial ndikuwonjezera kuthamanga kwa magazi. Beta-1-adrenergic receptors amakhalanso ochulukirapo mu impso.
• beta-2 - yotchulidwa mu bronchi, kukondoweza kumapangitsa kuchotsedwa kwa bronchospasm. Ma receptor omwewo amapezeka pama cell a chiwindi, mphamvu ya mahomoni pa iwo imapangitsa kutembenuka kwa glycogen ku glucose ndikutulutsa shuga m'magazi.

Ma mtima a beta-blockers amagwira ntchito makamaka motsutsana ndi beta-1-adrenergic receptors, osasankha beta-blockers chimodzimodzi amatchinga beta-1 ndi beta-2-adrenergic receptors. Mumatumbo amtima, kuchuluka kwa beta-1 ndi beta-2 adrenergic receptors ndi 4: 1, i.e., kukondoweza kwa mtima kumachitika makamaka kudzera mwa beta-1 receptors. Ndi kuchuluka kwa beta-blockers, kuchuluka kwawo kumachepa, kenaka mankhwala osankhidwa amatchinga ma receptor onse.

Osankha komanso osasankha a beta-blockers amachepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi munjira imodzimodzi, koma zamtundu wa beta-blockers zimakhala ndi zovuta zochepa ndipo ndizosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito matenda ophatikizana. Chifukwa chake, mankhwala osankha sakhala oyambitsa bronchospasm, chifukwa ntchito zawo sizikhudza beta-2-adrenergic receptors, yomwe imapezeka kwambiri m'mapapu.

Beta blocker Cardio selectivity: beta-1 ndi beta-2 adrenergic choletsa cholozera

Beta blocker dzina la mankhwala

Index ya Selectivity (beta-1 / beta-2)

• Nebivolol (Nebilet)

293,0

• Bisoprolol (Concor)

26,0

• Metoprolol

25,0

• Atenolol

15,0

• Propranolol (Anaprilin)

1,9

Kusankha beta-blockers ofooka kuposa osasankha, kuonjezera zotumphukira zamitsempha, chifukwa chake nthawi zambiri amalembera odwala omwe ali ndi vuto la kufalikira kwamapazi (mwachitsanzo, pang'onopang'ono ndi mawu otulutsa pang'onopang'ono). Chonde dziwani kuti carvedilol (Coriol) - ngakhale kuchokera m'badwo waposachedwa wa opanga-beta, siokonda mtima. Komabe, imagwiritsidwa ntchito mwachangu ndi akatswiri a mtima, ndipo zotsatira zake zimakhala zabwino. Carvedilol sichimadziwika kuti amachepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi kapena kuchitira arrhythmias. Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito pofuna kuchiza kulephera kwa mtima.

Kodi ndi mtundu wanji wa sympathomimetic wa beta-blockers

Ma beta-blockers ena samangoletsa ma beta-adrenergic receptors, koma nthawi yomweyo amawalimbikitsa. Izi zimatchedwa ntchito ya chisoni ya mkati mwa ena opanga ma beta. Mankhwala omwe ali ndi zochitika mkati mwa sympathomimetic amadziwika ndi zinthu zotsatirazi:

• izi beta blockers amachepetsa kugunda kwa mtima mpaka pang'ono
• samachepetsa kwambiri kugwira ntchito kwa mtima
• Wocheperako kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa zotumphukira mtima kukana
• samachedwa kupweteka kwa atherosulinosis, chifukwa alibe phindu lalikulu la cholesterol yamagazi

Mutha kudziwa kuti ndi ati omwe ali ndi beta blockers omwe ali ndi zochitika mkati mwa sympathomimetic, komanso omwe mankhwalawo alibe, m'nkhaniyi.

Ngati beta-blockers okhala ndi zochitika mkati mwa sympathomimetic amatengedwa nthawi yayitali, ndiye kuti kukondoweza kwa beta-adrenergic receptors kumachitika. Izi pang'onopang'ono zimabweretsa kuchepa kwa kupsinjika kwawo mu minofu. Zitatha izi, kuchotsa mwadzidzidzi kwamankhwala sikumayambitsa zizindikiro za kusiya. Mwambiri, mlingo wa beta-blockers uyenera kuchepetsedwa pang'onopang'ono: 2 kawiri masiku onse awiri kwa masiku 10-14. Kupanda kutero, zizindikiro zochotsa zoopsa zitha kuwoneka: mavuto oopsa kwambiri, kuwonjezeka kwa angina, tachycardia, kulowerera myocardial kapena kufa mwadzidzidzi chifukwa cha vuto la mtima.

Kafukufuku akuwonetsa kuti beta-blockers omwe ali ndi zochitika mkati mwa sympathomimetic samasiyana pakukwaniritsa kuchepetsa magazi kuchokera ku mankhwala omwe alibe ntchito iyi. Koma nthawi zina, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala omwe ali ndi vuto la mumtima kumathandizira kupewa mavuto osafunikira. Ndiye kuti bronchospasm ndi kutsekeka kwa kupuma thirakiti zosiyanasiyana zachilengedwe, komanso cramping mu kuzizira ndi atherosulinosis ziwiya am'munsi malekezero.M'zaka zaposachedwa (Julayi 2012), madokotala azindikira kuti munthu sayenera kufunikira kwambiri ngati beta-blocker ali ndi katundu wa zochitika mkati mwa sympathomimetic kapena ayi. Kuchita kwawonetsa kuti mankhwala omwe ali ndi katunduyu amachepetsa kuchuluka kwa zovuta zamtima monga momwe beta-blockers omwe alibe.

Lipophilic ndi hydrophilic beta blockers

Lipophilic beta-blockers amasungunuka kwambiri m'mafuta, ndi ma hydrophilic m'madzi. Mankhwala a Lipophilic amatha "kukonza" pakadutsa gawo loyambirira kudzera pachiwindi. Hydrophilic beta-blockers samapangidwira mu chiwindi. Amatulutsidwa makamaka mkodzo, osasinthika. Ma Hydrophilic beta-blockers amakhala nthawi yayitali chifukwa samachotsedwa mwachangu ngati lipophilic.

Lipophilic beta-blockers amalowa magazi-chotchinga cha magazi bwino. Ichi ndi cholepheretsa chamoyo pakati pamafayilo ndi dongosolo lamanjenje. Imateteza minyewa kuti isazungulidwe mu tizinthu ting'onoting'ono ta magazi, poizoni ndi "othandizira" a chitetezo chathupi, omwe amazindikira kuti minyewa ya ubongo ndi yachilendo ndikulimbana nayo. Kudzera mu zotchinga magazi muubongo, michere imalowa muubongo kuchokera ku mitsempha yamagazi, ndipo zotayidwa zofunikira zofunikira zamanjenje zimachotsedwa.

Zinapezeka kuti lipophilic beta-blockers bwino amathandizira kufa kwa odwala matenda a mtima. Nthawi yomweyo, amayambitsa zovuta zina kuchokera ku mtima wamanjenje:

• kukhumudwa
• mavuto atulo
• mutu.

Monga lamulo, ntchito ya mafuta osungunuka beta-blockers samakhudzidwa ndi kudya. Ndipo ndikofunika kumwa mankhwala a hydrophilic musanadye, kumwa madzi ambiri.

Bisoprolol ya mankhwala ndi yofunika kwambiri chifukwa imatha kusungunuka konse m'madzi ndi lipids (mafuta). Ngati chiwindi kapena impso sizigwira ntchito bwino, ndiye kuti dongosolo lathanzi limayamba kugwira ntchito yodzipatula bisoprolol mthupi.

Oletsa beta amakono

Zochizira kulephera kwamtima, okhawo omwe ali ndi beta-blockers ndi omwe amalimbikitsidwa (June 2012):

• carvedilol (Coriol),
• bisoprolol (Concor, Biprol, Bisogamm),
• metoprololced (Betalok LOC),
• nebivolol (Nebilet, Binelol).

Ma beta-blockers ena amathanso kugwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda oopsa. Madokotala amalimbikitsidwa kuti apereke mankhwala a m'badwo wachiwiri kapena wachitatu kwa odwala awo. Pamwambapa mulemba mutha kupeza tebulo momwe amalembedwera mtundu uliwonse wa mankhwalawo.

Oletsa beta-masiku ano amachepetsa mwayi kuti wodwala afe chifukwa cha stroke, makamaka chifukwa cha vuto la mtima. Nthawi yomweyo, maphunziro kuyambira 1998 adawonetsa mwadongosolo kuti propranolol (anaprilin) ​​sikuti amangochepetsa, komanso kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa kufa, poyerekeza ndi placebo. Zotsutsana zotsutsana pakuyenda bwino kwa atenolol. Zolemba zambirimbiri m'magazini azachipatala zimati zimachepetsa mwayi wa zochitika "zam'mtima" mochulukirapo kuposa ena obetcha, ndipo nthawi zambiri zimayambitsa zovuta.

Odwala ayenera kumvetsetsa kuti ma beta-blockers onse amachepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi munjira yomweyo. Mwina nebivolol imachita izi bwino kwambiri kuposa wina aliyense, koma osati zochuluka. Nthawi yomweyo, amachepetsa mosiyanasiyana mwayi wokhala ndi matenda amtima. Cholinga chachikulu cha chithandizo cha matenda oopsa ndicholinga choteteza mavuto ake. Ogwiritsa ntchito beta-blockers amakono amaganiza kuti ndi othandiza kwambiri poletsa zovuta zamankhwala ochulukitsa kuposa mankhwala omwe amapezeka kale. Amaloledwa bwino chifukwa samayambitsa mavuto.

Kalelo kumayambiriro kwa 2000s, odwala ambiri sakanakwanitsa kulandira mankhwala abwino, chifukwa mankhwala odziwika ndi dzina anali okwera mtengo kwambiri. Koma tsopano mutha kugula mankhwala a generic ku pharmacy, omwe ndi okwera mtengo komanso ogwira ntchito. Chifukwa chake, nkhani yachuma sinkhalanso chifukwa chosiya ntchito masiku ano a beta-blockers. Ntchito yayikulu ndikuthana ndi umbuli komanso kusasamala kwa madotolo. Madokotala omwe samatsata nkhani nthawi zambiri amapitiliza kupereka mankhwala akale omwe samathandiza ndipo amakhala ndi zotsatirapo zoyipa.

Zisonyezero zakudikirira

Zizindikiro zazikulu za beta-blockers muzochita zamtima:

• matenda oopsa a ubongo, kuphatikiza sekondale (chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa impso, kuchuluka kwa chithokomiro, pakati, ndi zifukwa zina),
• kulephera kwa mtima
• matenda a mtima
• arrhythmias (extrasystole, atrrillation atria, etc.),
• kuleza kwakutali kwa QT.

Kuphatikiza apo, beta-blockers nthawi zina amalembera zovuta za autonomic, mitral valve prolfall, zizindikiro za kusiya, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, migraines, aortic aneurysms, ndi Marfan syndrome.

Mu 2011, zotsatira za kafukufuku pa amayi omwe ali ndi khansa ya m'mawere omwe adatenga beta blockers adasindikizidwa. Zinapezeka kuti pogwiritsa ntchito beta-blockers, metastases imachitika kangapo. Kafukufuku waku America adaphatikizapo azimayi 1,400 omwe adachitidwa opaleshoni ya khansa ya m'mawere ndipo adalandira maphunziro a chemotherapy. Amayiwa adatenga beta blockers chifukwa cha zovuta zamtima zomwe anali nazo kuphatikiza khansa ya m'mawere. Pambuyo pazaka zitatu, 87% mwaiwo adakhala ndi moyo popanda "zochitika" za khansa.

Gulu loyang'anira poyerekeza limakhala ndi odwala khansa ya m'mawere amiseche yomweyo komanso odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga. Sanalandire beta blockers, ndipo pakati pawo, kuchuluka kopulumuka kunali 77%. Ndili m'mawa kwambiri kuti ndingafikire pamalingaliro ena othandizika, koma mwina mu 510 beta-blockers ikhala njira yosavuta komanso yotsika mtengo yolimbikitsira chithandizo cha khansa ya m'mawere.

Kugwiritsa ntchito ma beta-blockers pochiza matenda oopsa

Back mu 80s ya zaka twente, kafukufuku adawonetsa kuti beta-blockers odwala azaka zapakati amachepetsa chiopsezo chokhala ndi myocardial infarction kapena stroke. Kwa odwala okalamba popanda chizindikiro chodziwika cha matenda a mtima, okodzetsa amasankhidwa. Komabe, ngati munthu wokalamba ali ndi mawonekedwe apadera (kulephera kwa mtima, matenda amkati, kumayambitsa matenda amiseche), atha kupatsidwa mankhwala othandizira matenda oopsa kuchokera ku kalasi la beta-blocker, ndipo izi zitha kutalikitsa moyo wake. Kuti mumve zambiri, onani nkhani yakuti "Kodi ndi mankhwalawa ati ogwiritsira ntchito matenda oopsa olembetsedwa kwa odwala okalamba."

• Njira zabwino zochizira matenda oopsa (othamanga, osavuta, abwino kwaumoyo, popanda mankhwala "mankhwala" ndi zakudya zowonjezera)
• Hypertension ndi njira yodziwika bwino yobwereranso ku gawo 1 ndi 2
• Zoyambitsa matenda oopsa komanso momwe mungazithetsere. Kuyesa kwa matenda oopsa
• Kugwiritsa ntchito bwino matenda oopsa popanda mankhwala

Beta-blockers kutsitsa magazi, ambiri, osakhala oopsa kuposa mankhwala ochokera m'makalasi ena. Ndikulimbikitsidwa makamaka kuwalembera mankhwala othandizira matenda oopsa pazotsatira zotsatirazi:

• Concomitant Coronary matenda a Mtima
• Tachycardia
• Kulephera kwa mtima
• Hyperthyroidism ndi hyperthyroidism.
• Migraine
• Glaucoma
• Matenda oopsa a arterial isanachitike kapena itachitika opaleshoni

Mankhwala a Beta-blocker othandizira zochizira matenda oopsa (2005)

Beta blocker dzina la mankhwala

Mbiri (yamalonda) dzina

Mlingo wa tsiku ndi tsiku mg

Kangati patsiku kuti mutenge

• Atenolol (kukayikira kogwira ntchito)

Atenolol, atenobene, tenolol, tenormin25 — 1001 — 2

• Betaxolol

Lockren5 — 401

• Bisoprolol

Concor5 — 201

• Metoprolol

Vazocardine, corvitol, betalok, lopresor, spesikor, aegilok50 — 2001 — 2

• Nebivolol

Nebile2,5 — 51

• Acebutalol

Sectral200 — 12002TalinololCordum150 — 6003CeliprololCeliprolol chosankha200 — 4001

• Nadolol

Korgard20 — 401 — 2

• Propranolol (yotheratu, yosavomerezeka)

Anaprilin, obzidan, zamkati20 — 1602 — 3

• Timolol

Timohexal20 — 402AlprenololAptin200 — 8004OxprenololTrasicore200 — 4802 — 3

• Penbutolol

Betapresin, Levatol20 — 801

• Pindolol

Wisken10 — 602

• Carvedilol

Coriol25 — 1001

• Labetalol

Albetol, Normodyne, wogulitsa200 — 12002

Kodi mankhwalawa ndi oyenera kwa matenda ashuga?

Kuchiza ndi "akale" opangira beta-blockers (propranolol, atenolol) kungawononge chidwi cha minyewa yokhudzana ndi insulin, ndiko kuti, kuwonjezera insulin. Ngati wodwalayo akufuna kudziwikiratu, ndiye kuti mwayi wake wodwala matenda a shuga umakulanso. Ngati wodwalayo ali kale ndi matenda a shuga, ndiye kuti maphunzirowa adzakulirakulira. Nthawi yomweyo, mukamagwiritsa ntchito mtima beta-blockers, chidwi cha minofu kuti insulin iwonongeke pang'ono. Ndipo ngati beta-blockers amakono atayikidwa kuti asinthe magazi, ndiye kuti, monga lamulo, muyezo wowerengeka samasokoneza kagayidwe kazakudya ndipo sayipitsa nthawi ya matenda ashuga.

Mu 2005, katswiri wina wamaphunziro Strazhesko Kyiv Institute of Cardiology adafufuza momwe odwala a beta-blockers amakhudzidwira ndi metabolic syndrome ndi insulin. Zinapezeka kuti carvedilol, bisoprolol ndi nebivolol sikuti zimangokulirakulira, komanso zimakulitsa chidwi cha minyewa chifukwa cha insulin. Atenolol, nthawi yomweyo, idasokoneza kwambiri insulin. Kafukufuku wa 2010 adawonetsa kuti carvedilol sinachepetse kuchepa kwa mtima kwa insulin, ndipo metoprolol adaipitsa.

Mothandizidwa ndi kutenga beta-blockers mwa odwala, kulemera kwa thupi kumatha kuwonjezeka. Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha kukana kwambiri kwa insulin, komanso pazifukwa zina. Beta-blockers amachepetsa kuchuluka kwa metabolic ndipo amalepheretsa kuwonongeka kwa minofu ya adipose (inhibit lipolysis). Mwanjira iyi, atenolol ndi metoprolol tartrate sizinachite bwino. Nthawi yomweyo, malinga ndi zotsatira za kafukufuku, carvedilol, nebivolol ndi labetalol sizinaphatikizidwe ndi kuwonjezeka kwakukulu kwa kulemera kwa thupi kwa odwala.

Kutenga beta-blockers kungasokoneze katemera wa insulin ndi masamba a pancreatic beta. Mankhwalawa amatha kupondereza gawo loyamba la insulin. Zotsatira zake, gawo lachiwiri la kutulutsidwa kwa insulin ndi kapamba ndiye chida chachikulu chothandizira matenda a shuga.

Njira za beta-blocker zimapangitsa glucose ndi lipid metabolism

Lipoprotein lipase ntchito? chilolezo cha triglyceride Lecithin Cholesterol Acyltransferase Ntchito? kuchuluka kachulukidwe lipoprotein Kulemera kwa thupi? insulin sensitivity Katemera wa insulin? Gawo lachiwiri, hyperinsulinemia yotalikilapo Chilolezo cha insulin? hyperinsulinemia,? insulin kukana Madzi otumphukira? kugawa magawo,? shuga Zotumphukira mtima kukana? kuthamanga kwa magazi

Chidziwitso patebulo. Iyenera kutsimikizidwanso kuti masiku ano a beta-blockers, zovuta zoyipa zamatenda a glucose ndi lipids ndizochepa.

Ndi insell -us ya matenda a shuga omwe amadalira insulin, vuto lofunikira ndiloti aliyense wa beta-blockers amatha kubisa zizindikiro za hypoglycemia - tachycardia, mantha komanso kunjenjemera. Pankhaniyi, thukuta likuchulukirachulukira. Komanso, odwala matenda ashuga omwe amalandila beta-blockers ali ndi njira yovuta yotulutsira dera la hypoglycemic. Chifukwa njira zazikulu zowonjezera kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi - secretion wa glucagon, glucogenolysis ndi gluconeogenesis - ndizotseka. Nthawi yomweyo, ndimatenda 2 a shuga, hypoglycemia si vuto lalikulu kwambiri kotero kuti amakana chithandizo ndi beta-blockers.

Amakhulupirira kuti ngati pali zisonyezo (kulephera kwa mtima, arrhythmia, makamaka infarction ya myocardial), kugwiritsa ntchito kwa beta-blockers amakono mwa odwala matenda ashuga ndikofunikira. Pakafukufuku wa 2003, a beta-blockers adalembedwa ntchito yothandiza odwala omwe amakanika ndi matenda a shuga. Gulu lofananizira - odwala omwe ali ndi vuto la mtima popanda matenda a shuga. Mu gulu loyamba ,imfa idatsika ndi 16%, yachiwiri - ndi 28%.

Anthu odwala matenda ashuga amalangizidwa kuti apereke mankhwala operekera metoprolol, bisoprolol, carvedilol, nebivolol - beta-blockers ndi kutsimikiziridwa kugwira ntchito. Ngati wodwalayo alibe matenda ashuga, koma pali chiwopsezo chowonjezereka chotengera, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti okhawo osankha beta-blockers asangidwe osagwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi diuretics (diuretics). Ndikofunika kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala omwe samangoletsa beta-adrenergic receptors, komanso amatha kupumula mitsempha yamagazi.

• ACE zoletsa
• Angiotensin II receptor blockers

Beta-blockers omwe alibe vuto pa metabolism:

Contraindication ndi zoyipa

Werengani zambiri mu nkhani "Zotsatira za beta-blockers". Dziwani zomwe zaphatikizana ndi cholinga chawo. Mavuto ena azachipatala siotsutsana kwathunthu ndi omwe ali ndi beta-blockers, koma amafunika kusamala kwambiri. Mudziwa zambiri zomwe zalembedwa pamwambapa.

Chiwopsezo chowonjezereka cha kusabala

Kusokonekera kwa Erectile (kusakwanira kapena kusakwanira mwa amuna) ndi komwe beta-blockers nthawi zambiri imayimbidwa chifukwa. Beta-blockers ndi okodzetsa amakhulupirira kuti ndi magulu a mankhwala osokoneza bongo, omwe nthawi zambiri kuposa ena amachititsa kuwonongeka kwa potency wamwamuna. M'malo mwake, zonse sizophweka. Kafukufuku akutsimikiza kuti atsopano, amakono a beta samakhudza potency. Kuti muwone mndandanda wathunthu wazazinthu zokomera abambo awa, onani Hypertension and Impotence. Ngakhale beta-blockers a m'badwo wakale (osati mtima) angawononge potency. Chifukwa zimapangitsa magazi kulowa mbolo ndipo amatha kusokoneza kupanga mahomoni ogonana. Komabe, beta-blockers amakono amathandizira abambo kuwongolera kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi mavuto a mtima pomwe akukhalabe potency.

Mu 2003, zotsatira za kafukufuku wazaka za kusokonekera kwa erectile pomwe amatenga ma beta-blockers, kutengera kuzindikira kwa odwala, adafalitsidwa. Choyamba, amunawo adagawika m'magulu atatu. Onse adatenga beta blocker. Koma gulu loyamba silinkadziwa mtundu wa mankhwala omwe adapatsidwa. Amuna m'gulu lachiwiri adadziwa dzina la mankhwalawo. Odwala ochokera ku gulu lachitatu, madotolowa adangodziwa kuti ndi beta-blocker yomwe adalembedwa, komanso adadziwitsanso kuti kufooka kwa potency ndizotsatira zoyipa zomwe zimachitika.

Mu gulu lachitatu, pafupipafupi kukomoka kwa erectile kunali kwakukulu kwambiri, monga 30%. Zambiri zomwe odwala adalandira, zimachepetsa kufalikira kwa potency.

Kenako adapanga gawo lachiwiri la phunzirolo. Zimakhudza amuna omwe adadandaula za kusokonekera kwa erectile chifukwa chotenga beta blocker. Onse adapatsidwa piritsi lina ndipo adauzidwa kuti likhala bwino. Pafupifupi onse ochita nawo chidwi adazindikira kusintha kwawo, ngakhale theka lokha ndi lomwe lidapereka Silendafil (Viagra), ndi theka lachiwiri - a placebo. Zotsatira za phunziroli zimatsimikizira motsimikiza kuti zomwe zimayambitsa kufooka pochita pakumwa ma beta-blockers zimakhala zamaganizidwe ambiri.

Pomaliza gawo la "Beta-blockers ndi chiwopsezo cha kusabala", ndikufuna kulimbikitsanso abambo kuti aphunzire nkhani yoletsa "Hypertension and infotence".Imakhala ndi mndandanda wa ogulitsa masiku ano a beta-blocker ndi mankhwala ena oopsa, omwe safooketsa potency, ndipo mwina amawongolera. Pambuyo pake, mudzakhala wodekha, monga momwe dokotala wakupangirani, kuti mumwe mankhwala osokoneza bongo pofuna kukakamizidwa. Ndikupusa kukana kuthandizidwa ndi beta-blockers kapena mapiritsi ena a matenda oopsa chifukwa choopa kuwonongeka kwa potency.

Chifukwa chomwe madokotala nthawi zina amakayikira kuti apereke malamulo obetchera beta

Mpaka zaka zaposachedwa, madotolo akhazikitsa ma beta-blockers kwa odwala ambiri omwe amafunikira chithandizo cha kuthamanga kwa magazi komanso kupewa matenda a mtima. Ma Beta-blockers, komanso okodzetsa (okodzetsa), amatchedwa othandizira otchedwa akale, kapena achikhalidwe, ochitira matenda oopsa. Izi zikutanthauza kuti amafananizidwa ndikuyenda bwino kwa mapiritsi atsopano omwe amachepetsa kupanikizika, omwe akupangidwa nthawi zonse ndikulowa mumsika wamankhwala. Choyamba, ma blockers a ACE ndi angiotensin-II receptor blockers amafanizidwa ndi beta blockers.

Pambuyo pa 2008, panali zofalitsa zomwe beta-blockers sayenera kukhala yoyamba kusankha chithandizo cha odwala omwe ali ndi matenda oopsa. Tiongola mfundo zomwe zaperekedwa pamenepa. Odwala amatha kuphunzira izi, koma ayenera kukumbukira kuti lingaliro lomaliza la kusankha mankhwalawo lidzakhalabe ndi dokotala. Ngati simukukhulupirira dokotala wanu, ingopezani wina. Yesetsani kuyesetsa kukaonana ndi dokotala wodziwa bwino kwambiri, chifukwa moyo wanu umadalira.

Chifukwa chake, otsutsa omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito mozama pa beta-blockers akuti:

1. Mankhwalawa ndi oyipa kuposa mankhwala ena oopsa, kuchepetsa kuchepa kwa zovuta m'mtima.
2. Amakhulupirira kuti beta-blockers samakhudza kuuma kwa mitsempha, ndiko kuti, samayima ndipo, kuwonjezera apo, sabweza kusintha kwa atherosclerosis.
3. Mankhwalawa sateteza ziwalo zomwe zikulunjikidwa ku zowonongeka zomwe zimayambitsa kuthamanga kwa magazi.

Zovuta zikuwonetsedwanso kuti mothandizidwa ndi beta-blockers, kagayidwe kazakudya zamafuta ndi mafuta zimasokonekera. Zotsatira zake, mwayi wokhala ndi matenda a shuga a 2 ukuwonjezereka, ndipo ngati shuga alipo kale, maphunzirowo amakulirakulira. Ndipo ochita beta-blockers amayambitsa zovuta zomwe zimawonjezera moyo wa odwala. Choyamba, izi zikutanthauza kufooka kwa mphamvu zakugonana mwa amuna. Mitu ya "Beta-blockers and shuga mellitus" ndi "Kuwopsa kwa kusabala" idakambidwanso mwatsatanetsatane magawo a nkhaniyi.

Kafukufuku wachitika omwe awonetsa kuti opanga beta, oipitsitsa kuposa mankhwala ena oopsa, amachepetsa mwayi wamavuto amtima. Zolemba zofunikira m'magazini azachipatala adayamba kuwonekera pambuyo pa 1998. Nthawi yomweyo, pali zambiri kuchokera ku maphunziro odalirika kwambiri omwe adapeza zotsutsana nazo. Amatsimikizira kuti magulu onse akuluakulu amankhwala omwe amachepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi ali ndi ntchito yofananira. Malingaliro omwe amavomerezedwa masiku ano ndikuti ma beta-blockers ndi othandiza kwambiri pambuyo pobisika la myocardial kuti muchepetse chiwopsezo chobwerezedwanso. Ndipo zokhudzana ndi kukhazikitsidwa kwa ma beta-blockers a matenda oopsa pakuthana ndi zovuta zamtima - dokotala aliyense amapanga malingaliro ake potengera zotsatira za ntchito yake.

Ngati wodwala ali ndi atherosulinosis yayikulu kapena ali ndi chiopsezo chachikulu cha atherosulinosis (onani kuti ndi mayesero ati omwe akufunika kuti mupeze), ndiye kuti dokotala ayenera kuyang'anira ma beta-blockers amakono, omwe ali ndi mphamvu ya vasodilation, i.e., kumasuka kwamitsempha yamagazi. Ndizombo zomwe ndi chimodzi mwamagawo ofunikira kwambiri omwe amakhudza matenda oopsa.Mwa anthu omwe amafa ndi matenda amtima, kuwonongeka kwamitsempha komwe kumabweretsa zotsatira zakupha 90%, pomwe mtima umakhalabe wathanzi.

Kodi ndi chidziwitso chiti chomwe chimafotokozera kukula ndi kufalikira kwa matenda a mathere? Uku ndikuwonjezereka kwa makulidwe a intima-media tata (TIM) yamitsempha yama carotid. Kuyeza pafupipafupi kwa kufunika kotereku pogwiritsa ntchito ultrasound kumagwiritsidwa ntchito pozindikira zotupa zam'mimba chifukwa cha atherosulinosis komanso chifukwa cha matenda oopsa. Ndi zaka, kukula kwa mkati ndi mkati mwa mitsempha kumawonjezereka, ichi ndi chimodzi mwa zofunikira za ukalamba waumunthu. Mothandizidwa ndi ochepa matenda oopsa, njirayi imachitika mwachangu kwambiri. Koma mothandizidwa ndi mankhwala omwe amachepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi, amatha kuchepa komanso kusintha. Mu 2005, kafukufuku wochepa adachitika pazotsatira za beta-blocker management pakukula kwa atherosclerosis. Otsatira ake anali odwala 128. Pambuyo pa miyezi 12 ya kumwa mankhwalawa, kuchepa kwa makulidwe a intima-media kunawonedwa mu 48% ya odwala omwe amathandizidwa ndi carvedilol, ndipo mu 18% ya omwe adalandira metoprolol. Amakhulupirira kuti carvedilol imatha kukhazikika pamatenda a atherosulinotic chifukwa cha antioxidant komanso anti-yotupa.

Beta blockers kwa achikulire okalamba

Madokotala nthawi zambiri amakhala osamala popereka mankhwala opha beta kwa anthu okalamba. Chifukwa gulu "lovuta" ili la odwala, kuphatikiza pa zovuta za mtima ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi, limakhala ndi ma comorbidities. Beta blockers atha kuwonjezera zochita zawo. Takambirana pamwambapa momwe mankhwala a beta-blocker amakhudzira matenda ashuga. Tilimbikitsanso kuti muganizire nkhani ina, "Zotsatira zoyipa ndi zotsutsana za beta-blockers." Zinthu zomwe zikuchitika pakali pano ndikuti ma beta-blockers ndi ochepa 2 omwe angalembedwe kwa odwala azaka zopitilira 70 kuposa achichepere.

Kubwera kwa masiku ano a beta-blockers, zotsatira zoyipa zawo sizachilendo. Chifukwa chake, malingaliro a "ovomerezeka" akuwonetsa kuti beta-blockers ikhoza kuperekedwa mwachangu kwa okalamba. Kafukufuku mu 2001 ndi 2004 adawonetsa kuti bisoprolol ndi metoprolol zimathandizira chimodzimodzi kuchepetsa kufa kwa achinyamata ndi okalamba omwe ali ndi vuto la mtima. Mu 2006, kafukufuku wa carvedilol adachitika, omwe adatsimikiza kugwira ntchito kwake kwambiri pakulephera kwa mtima ndi kulolera bwino kwa okalamba.

Chifukwa chake, ngati pali zisonyezo, ndiye kuti beta-blockers akhoza ndipo ayenera kutumizidwa kwa okalamba. Pankhaniyi, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti muyambe kumwa mankhwalawa ndi yaying'ono. Ngati ndi kotheka, chithandizo cha odwala okalamba ndikofunika kupitiliza ndi Mlingo wochepa wa beta-blockers. Ngati pakufunika kuwonjezera mlingo, izi ziyenera kuchitidwa pang'onopang'ono komanso mosamala. Tikukulimbikitsani kuti muwerenge nkhani zakuti "Mankhwala othandizira odwala matenda oopsa mu okalamba" komanso "Mankhwala ati a matenda oopsa oletsa odwala okalamba".

Kodi ndi beta blocker yabwino kwambiri iti

Pali mankhwala ambiri a gulu la beta-blocker. Zikuwoneka kuti aliyense wopanga mankhwala amapanga mapiritsi ake. Chifukwa cha izi, zimakhala zovuta kusankha mankhwala oyenera onse opanga ma beta ali ndi zotsatira zofanana zochepetsera kuthamanga kwa magazi, koma amasiyana kwambiri kuthekera kwawo kotalikitsa moyo wa odwala komanso kuwonongeka kwa zovuta.

Ndi yankho liti la beta lomwe nthawi zonse lingakhale kusankha kwa dokotala! Ngati wodwala sakhulupirira dokotala wake, ndiye kuti ayenera kulumikizana ndi katswiri wina. Sitilimbikitsa kuti tizidzipweteka tokha ndi beta-blockers. Werengani werengani nkhani yoti “Zotsatira za ma beta-blocker” - ndikuonetsetsa kuti mankhwalawa sakhala ndi vuto lililonse, chifukwa chake kudziziritsa nokha kungakhale kovulaza. Yesetsani kuyesedwa ndi dokotala wabwino kwambiri.Ichi ndiye chinthu chofunikira kwambiri kuti muwonjezere moyo wanu.

Zotsatira zotsatirazi zikuthandizani kusankha mankhwala ndi dokotala (.):

• Kwa odwala omwe ali ndi vuto la impso, a lipophilic beta-blockers amakonda.
• Ngati wodwala ali ndi matenda a chiwindi - kwambiri, pamkhalidwe wotere, adokotala adzalembera hydrophilic beta-blocker. Fotokozerani malangizo omwe mankhwalawo omwe mumamwa amawachotsa m'thupi (wodwala).
• Ma beta-blockers akale nthawi zambiri amabwera potency mwa amuna, koma mankhwala amakono alibe zotsatirapo zoyipa izi. C. Nkhani yakuti "Hypertension and Impotence" ikuthandizani zonse zofunikira.
• Pali mankhwala omwe amachitika mwachangu, koma osakhalitsa. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamavuto oopsa (labetalol intravenously). Oletsa beta ambiri samayamba kuchitapo kanthu mwachangu, koma chepetsani kupanikizika kwa nthawi yayitali komanso bwino.
• Ndikofunikira kangati patsiku muyenera kumwa kapena mankhwalawa. Zocheperako, zosavuta kwa wodwalayo, ndipo sangathe kusiya kulandira chithandizo.
• Ndikofunikira kupatsa mtundu wamakono wa beta blockers. Amakhala okwera mtengo kwambiri, koma ali ndi zabwino zake. Mwakutero, ndizokwanira kuzitenga kamodzi patsiku, zimayambitsa zovuta zochepa, zimalekeredwa bwino ndi odwala, musamayike kagayidwe kazakudya kagayidwe kamwazi ndi lipids yamagazi, komanso potency mwa amuna.

Madokotala omwe akupitiliza kuperekera Prquolol beta-blocker (anaprilin) ​​amayenera kuweruzidwa. Ichi ndi mankhwala achikale. Zimatsimikiziridwa kuti propranolol (anaprilin) ​​sikuti amangochepetsa, komanso zimawonjezera kufa kwa odwala. Vuto lina ndilakuti kupitiriza kugwiritsa ntchito atenolol kapena ayi. Mu 2004, nkhani yakuti "Atenolol yolembetsa matenda oopsa: kodi ichi ndi njira yanzeru?" Idasindikizidwa mu magazini yotchuka yachipatala yaku Britain yotchedwa Lancet. Inati kuphatikiza kwa atenolol si mankhwala oyenera pochizira matenda oopsa. Chifukwa amachepetsa chiopsezo cha zovuta zamtima, koma zimapangitsa kukhala zoyipa kuposa opanga ma beta, komanso mankhwala osokoneza "magulu ena.

Pamwambapa m'nkhaniyi, mutha kudziwa kuti ndi ovomerezeka a beta ati omwe akulimbikitsidwa:

• kuchitira kulephera kwa mtima ndi kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha kufa mwadzidzidzi chifukwa cha vuto la mtima,
• Amuna omwe akufuna kutsitsa magazi, koma akuopa kuwonongeka mu potency,
• odwala matenda ashuga komanso chiwopsezo cha matenda ashuga,

Tikukumbutsaninso kuti adokotala okha ndi amene amasankha zomaliza za beta-blocker. Osadzisilira! Mbali zachuma za nkhaniyi ziyeneranso kutchulidwa. Makampani ambiri opanga mankhwala amatulutsa beta blockers. Amapikisane, chifukwa mitengo ya mankhwalawa ndi yokwera mtengo. Kuchiza ndi beta-blocker yamakono kumawononga wodwala, mwina, osapitirira $ 8-10 pamwezi. Chifukwa chake, mtengo wamankhwala simulinso chifukwa chogwiritsira ntchito beta-blocker yatha.

Beta-blockers nthawi zambiri amalembedwa kuwonjezera, ngati mukugwiritsa ntchito diuretics (diuretic mankhwala) sizingatheke kubwezeretsanso zovuta. Chithandizo cha matenda oopsa ndi mankhwalawa ziyenera kuyamba ndi milingo yaying'ono, pang'onopang'ono kuwonjezera Mlingo mpaka magazi atagwera pamlingo womwe mukufuna. Izi zimatchedwa mlingo wa "titrate". Muyenera kuganiziranso za momwe angapangire odwala omwe ali ndi beta-blockers kuphatikiza mankhwala ena opatsirana matenda oopsa, kuti mumve zambiri onani nkhaniyo "Kuphatikiza kwa mankhwalawa kwa matenda oopsa”.

Beta-blockers ndi mankhwala omwe amatchinga njira zachilengedwe za thupi. Makamaka, kukondoweza kwa minofu ya mtima ndi adrenaline ndi mahomoni ena "obalalitsa". Zatsimikiziridwa kuti mankhwalawa nthawi zambiri amatha kuwonjezera moyo wa wodwalayo pofika zaka zingapo.Koma sizimakhudza zomwe zimayambitsa matenda oopsa komanso matenda a mtima. Tikukulimbikitsani inu nkhani yolembedwa kuti: “Kuthandiza mankhwalawa popanda mankhwala osokoneza bongo”. Kuperewera kwa magnesium m'thupi ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zomwe zimayambitsa matenda oopsa, mtima arrhythmias, ndi magazi pamagazi. Timalimbikitsa mapiritsi a magnesium omwe mungagule ku pharmacy. Amathetsa kuchepa kwa magnesium ndipo, mosiyana ndi "mankhwala" amomwe amathandizira, amathandizanso kuthamanga kwa magazi komanso kukonza mtima.

Ndi matenda oopsa, mafuta a hawthorn amakhala m'malo achiwiri pambuyo pa magnesium, kutsatiridwa ndi amino acid taurine ndi mafuta abwino akale nsomba. Izi ndi zinthu zachilengedwe zomwe zimakhalapo mthupi. Chifukwa chake, mumakumana ndi "zovuta" kuchokera ku chithandizo cha matenda oopsa popanda mankhwala, ndipo zonsezi ndizothandiza. Kugona kwanu kudzayenda bwino, minyewa yanu imayamba kukhazikika, kutupira kumatha, mwa azimayi, zizindikiro za PMS zimakhala zosavuta.

Pamavuto amtima, coenzyme Q10 imabwera wachiwiri pambuyo pa magnesium. Ichi ndi chinthu chomwe chimapezeka mu khungu lililonse la thupi lathu. Coenzyme Q10 imathandizira pakupanga mphamvu zamagetsi. M'misempha ya mtima, kukhazikika kwake kumachitika kawiri kuposa kwa pafupifupi. Izi ndi njira yothandiza kwambiri pamavuto aliwonse a mtima. Kufikira kuti kutenga coenzyme Q10 kumathandizira odwala kupewa kuyatsidwa kwa mtima ndikukhala bwino popanda iwo. Mankhwala ovomerezeka tsopano adazindikira kuti Coenzyme Q10 ndi mankhwala ochiritsa matenda a mtima. Mankhwala a Kudesan ndi Valeokor-Q10 amalembetsedwa ndikugulitsidwa ku malo ogulitsa mankhwala. Izi zitha kuchitika zaka pafupifupi 30 zapitazo, chifukwa akatswiri othandiza pamtima adalamula Q10 kwa odwala awo kuyambira m'ma 1970. Ndikufuna kudziwa kuti coenzyme Q10 imathandizira kupulumuka kwa odwala atakumana ndi vuto la mtima.

Tikukulimbikitsani kuti odwala ayambe kumwa beta blocker, yomwe dokotala amupatse, pamodzi ndi mankhwala achilengedwe othandizira matenda oopsa komanso matenda a mtima. Kumayambiriro kwa chithandizo, musayese kugwiritsa ntchito njira ina yochizira beta blocker! Mutha kukhala ndi chiopsezo chachikulu cha matenda a mtima oyamba kapena obwereza. Muzochitika zotere, mankhwalawa amapulumutsadi kuimfa mwadzidzidzi chifukwa cha vuto la mtima. Pambuyo pake, pakatha milungu ingapo, mukadzamva bwino, mutha kuchepetsa mosamala mankhwalawa. Izi ziyenera kuchitika moyang'aniridwa ndi dokotala. Cholinga chachikulu ndicho kukhala kwathunthu pazowonjezera zachilengedwe, m'malo mwa mapiritsi a "mankhwala". Mothandizidwa ndi zida zathu zamatsamba, anthu masauzande ambiri atha kale kuchita izi, ndipo ali okondwa kwambiri ndi zotsatira za chithandizo chotere. Tsopano ndi nthawi yanu.

Zolemba m'magazini azachipatala pothandizira matenda oopsa komanso matenda a mtima ndi coenzyme Q10 ndi magnesium

1Kugwiritsa ntchito coenzyme Q10 pochiza matenda oopsaNyuzipepala ya Russia ya Cardiology, No. 5/2011 2Mwayi wogwiritsa ntchito ubiquinone pa mankhwalawa ochepa oopsaNyuzipepala ya Russia ya Cardiology, No. 4/100Ubiquinone - amodzi mwa mayina a coenzyme Q10 3Magnesium mankhwalawa komanso kupewa matenda a cerebrovascular matendaCardiology, No. 9/2012 4Kugwiritsa ntchito magnesium mu matenda a mtima (matenda a coronary syndrome, ochepa matenda oopsa komanso kulephera kwa mtima)Russian Journal of Cardiology, No. 2/2003 5Kugwiritsa ntchito magnesium pochita zamtimaRussian Journal of Cardiology, No. 2/2012Adafunsa Magnerot. Timalimbikitsa othandizira ena a magnesium, osagwiranso ntchito, koma otsika mtengo. 6Kuperewera kwa potaziyamu ndi magnesium monga chiopsezo pakupanga matenda a mtimaRussian Medical Journal, No. 5, February 27, 2013, "Man ndi Mankhwala"

Aliyense wamtima wamakono amadziwa momwe magnesium, mafuta a nsomba, ndi coenzyme Q10 ali abwino kwa mtima. Uzani dokotala kuti mwatsala pang'ono kutenga beta blocker ndi zowonjezera izi. Ngati dokotala angakonde. - Chifukwa chake, adatsalira m'moyo, ndipo muyenera kutembenukira kwa katswiri wina.

• Kuyeza Kwa Kupanikizika kwa Magazi: Njira Yotsatira

Zizindikiro

Ganizirani mosiyanasiyana za mitundu iliyonse ya matenda ashuga:

• Mtundu 1. Type 1 shuga mellitus amapezeka kwambiri mwa ana ndi achinyamata ochepera zaka 25 omwe alibe mavuto onenepa kwambiri. Imawoneka mwachangu, limodzi ndi zizindikiro zoyipa. Nthawi zambiri, munthu amayamba kudwala matenda ashuga, akangodziwa kumene amamufufuzira. Zizindikiro zazikulu za matendawa ndi:
  • ludzu lalikulu
  • kuchepa thupi msanga, ngakhale muli ndi chidwi chachikulu,
  • polyuria, yomwe imawonetsedwa ndi kukokana pafupipafupi,
  • pang'onopang'ono minofu kusinthika
  • mavuto a pakhungu pakhungu, mafangayi, etc.,
  • Mukatulutsa, mumanunkhira acetone.
• Mitundu iwiri. Mtunduwu umayamba pang'onopang'ono komanso mopupuluma. Kukula kwa matenda a shuga kumayendera limodzi ndi zizindikiro zina, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimayambitsa matenda ena owopsa. Chifukwa chake, sizotheka nthawi zonse kuzindikiritsa munthawi yake. Nthawi zambiri, anthu achikulire onenepa kwambiri amakonda kukhala ndi matenda ashuga amtundu wa 2. Koma izi sizokwanira, motero mutha kupeza milandu ya matenda ashuga amtundu wa 2 mwa achinyamata okhala bwino.

Zizindikiro za matendawa ndi:

• ludzu lalikulu
• polyuria usiku,
• kutopa kwambiri
• pang'onopang'ono minofu kusinthika
• masomphenya obvutika
• zovuta zamkhungu (zotupa, kuyabwa, mafangayi),
• thamanga akazi,
• mavuto ndi khungu, mitsempha yamagazi ndi mafupa amiyendo,
• ngati matenda atakula kwambiri - kuchepa thupi,
• matenda a impso, myocardial infarction, stroke.

Matenda a 2 a shuga ndi matenda oopsa, omwe ali ndi zovuta zingapo.

Matendawa amatha kuonekera m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Zonse zimatengera kuopsa kwa nthendayo, komanso malo omwe panali zotupa. Zizindikiro zofala kwambiri zomwe zimadziwika mwa munthu wodwala matenda a shuga:

• mavuto mu ntchito ya mtima
• matenda a impso oyambitsidwa ndi shuga wamagazi ambiri,
• kusokonekera kwa ubongo,
• kutayika kwamaso.

Zizindikiro zotsatirazi ziyenera kuchenjeza munthu yemwe akudwala matenda ashuga:

• kutentha kwamoto kapena vuto lililonse m'miyendo,
• kuyanika kwambiri pakhungu,
• mawonekedwe a petechiae pakhungu,
• hemoptysis,
• zolankhula zambiri,
• magazi amayenda mkodzo,
• kutaya mtima kopanda masomphenya kapena kutayika kwathunthu kwa kuwona.

Hypoglycemic syndrome

Hyperglycemic syndrome ndi njira yodwala ya wodwalayo, yomwe imakwiya ndikuwonjezereka kwa nthawi yayitali m'magazi a glucose pamwamba pazomwe zimachitika (kuyambira 5.5 mmol / l), zomwe zimayambitsa magwiridwe antchito amthupi. Matendawa ndi kuphatikiza zizindikiro, monga:

• glucosuria - kupezeka kwa shuga mumkodzo,
• polyuria - kupanga mkodzo wambiri mopwetekedwa ndi chizindikiro choyamba,
• Hypohydration - kusowa kwamadzi m'thupi, kupsinjika ndi chizindikiro cham'mbuyomu,
• polydipsia - kugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri madzi chifukwa cha ludzu komanso chizindikiro cham'mbuyo,
• ochepa hypotension - kuchepa kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi mpaka kufika pamaliridwe ndi odwala, okwiyitsidwa ndi hypohydration.

Hyperglycemia ikhoza kuyambitsa zovuta zazikulu chifukwa chakuchepetsa kwambiri magazi. Ngati pali zizindikiro za matendawa, muyenera kufunsa chithandizo chazachipatala msanga kuti mudziwe ngati muli ndi chithandizo chamankhwala.

Njira yayikulu yochizira matenda a hyperglycemic ndi etiotropic chithandizo, zotsatira zake zomwe zimatha kuchotsa moyenera zomwe zimayambitsa kupezeka kwake.

Hypoglycemic syndrome ndi zovuta kuzidziwitso zomwe zimayamba chifukwa cha kuchepa kwambiri m'magazi a glucose (mpaka 3.5 mmol / l). Pali zinthu zambiri zomwe zimayambitsa kukula kwa hypoglycemic syndrome, pakati poti pali chibadwa cha chibadwa.

• Mutu wakuthwa kapena wopweteka
• kusintha kwa machitidwe
• njinga zamanjenje ndi minofu kukokana,
• kudziwa zolakwika
• kunjenjemera
• kufooketsa thupi,
• kusokonezeka kwa mtima
• tuluka thukuta,
• mantha okayikira.

Zisonyezo zimatha kusiyanasiyana kutengera ndi dongosolo lomwe linayambitsa matenda a hypoglycemic. Kutsika kwa shuga m'magazi kungakhale kwakuthwa kapena pang'onopang'ono, motero, kuopsa kwa zizindikirozi kumadziwonetsera m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Nthawi zina, simungathe kuchita popanda thandizo ladzidzidzi.

Chithandizo cha matendawa chimadalira kwathunthu chifukwa chakuchepa kwa ndende ya glucose. Mankhwala, njira zothandizira, zothandizira, kupopera madzi m'thupi, mankhwala amphamvu, ndi zina zotere.

Matenda a shuga amapezeka ndi shuga wambiri. Kuchuluka kwa glucose mkati mwa maselo kumabweretsa kuphwanyidwa kwa zoyipa za mitsempha, kufa kwa ma neurons. Izi zimabweretsa kuwoneka mu diabetes wa syndromes kuwonongeka kwamanjenje.

Syndromes kuwonongeka kwamanjenje amadziwika ndi:

• kuphwanya kwamikodzo. Nthawi zambiri, kayendedwe ka mkodzo ndi chifukwa cha kulumikizana kosavuta pakati pa minofu yosalala, ubongo ndi dongosolo lamanjenje la autonomic Mu matenda a shuga mellitus chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha yomwe imayendetsa ntchito ya chikhodzodzo, polyuria, nocturia, ndi urinary incontinence.
• kusintha kwa zochita za ana. Nthawi zambiri, ana amasinthana ndi kuwala. Izi zimasokonezedwa ndi zotumphukira za diso, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimawonedwa ndi matenda a shuga.
• kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha ya oculomotor. Nthawi zambiri, anthu opitirira zaka 50 amakumana ndi matendawa. Pakufufuzidwa, kuletsa kwa kusuntha kwamaso ndi mawonekedwe aukatswiri a ana kuwululidwa. Izi ndichifukwa choti ulusi wapakati wamitsempha umakhudzidwa. Kufa kwa mitsempha ya oculomotor mu shuga nthawi zambiri kumakhala kochititsa chidwi ndipo kumatha pakokha miyezi ingapo.
• kufooka kwa minofu ndi kutopa kwambiri (mkhalidwe umayamba pang'onopang'ono ndipo umayamba pang'onopang'ono). Odwala ambiri amakhala ndi kutopa m'maganizo, kutopa ndi kumva "kulemera m'm miyendo", komwe kumakhala kovuta kuyenda. Mu shuga mellitus, nthawi zambiri pamakhala kufooka kwa mbali imodzi ya minofu, komwe kumayendetsedwa ndi kupweteka kwambiri komanso kusamva bwino kwa miyendo. Izi neuralgic syndrome kumachitika ndi kuwononga mizu, plexus kapena zotumphukira mitsempha. Ponena za kufooka kwa minofu ya thunthu, matendawa nthawi zambiri amaphatikizidwa ndi maresi a minyewa ya m'chifuwa komanso / kapena lamba la mapewa mu matenda a minofu ndi minyewa, mwachitsanzo, matenda a shuga a myelopoliradiculoneuropathy.
• carpal tunnel syndrome. Kuwonetsedwa ndi kupweteka kwanthawi yayitali komanso dzanzi la zala zamanja. Kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi a odwala matenda ashuga kumayambitsa vuto la kuperewera kwa ma neuron ndi ma axon a dongosolo lamanjenje, kuphatikiza mitsempha yapakati, momwe kutupa kosayambitsa kumachitika. Chifukwa chake, mitsempha yapakati imatupa ndipo imapanikizika, chifukwa ngalande ya carpal ya dzanja ndi yopapatiza.
• kugonana kwa amuna. Kuphwanya ntchito zogonana mwa njira yakusagonana (kusabala) kumachitika mu zilonda ndi kusokonezeka kwa dongosolo la mantha am'magazi, malo a msana pamlingo wa zigawo za sacral.

Ngati wodwala matenda ashuga amawonjezera shuga wa magazi nthawi yayitali kuyambira 4 mpaka 8 m'mawa, ndiye kuti wapanga matenda a m'mawa. Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha njira ya mahomoni m'thupi, yotchedwa m'mawa yogwira mahomoni a steroid.

Chosasangalatsa kwambiri ndichakuti matendawa amadziwulula m'mawa uliwonse, ndipo samayima mpaka insulin itabayidwa.

Kusintha kwakukulu m'magazi a glucose kumawonjezera mwayi wokhala ndi zovuta zowopsa.

Pofuna kupewa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi mungathe:

• Tumizani insulini kwa maola angapo m'mawa. Kusankhidwa kwa mankhwalawa ndikofunikira kwambiri, ndikofunikira kwambiri pazitsulo za nthawi ya timadzi timadzi ndi nthawi yayitali.
• Yambitsani insulin yayitali nthawi ina madzulo.
• Fotokozerani kuchuluka kwa insulin usiku.
• Gwiritsani ntchito omnipod insulin pump. Chipangizocho chimalola kubayidwa kwakanthawi kwamadzi a insulin panthawi inayake, omwe amakonzedwa kamodzi. Izi zimakuthandizani kuti muwonetsetse mulingo woyenera wamahomoni m'magazi, ndikuwonetsetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga.

Posthypoglycemic hyperglycemia (Somogy syndrome) ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo kwambiri a insulin. Kukula kwa matendawa amakwiya chifukwa chakuchulukanso kwa shuga. Poyesa kuchuluka kwa shuga, ndi chisonyezo chachikulu, odwala matenda ashuga amawonjezera kuchuluka kwa insulin, kumakulitsa.

Chifukwa chake, kuchuluka kwa mahomoni a insulin kumayambitsa hypoglycemia, komwe kumayambitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga ndi chiwindi, komanso mogwirizana ndi hyperglycemia. Kuchulukitsa kwa shuga kumatha kufalikira kwambiri mpaka 20 mmol / L.

Nthawi zambiri zimakhala zovuta kuzindikira zizindikiro za hypoglycemia yotere chifukwa kuchepa kwambiri kwamphamvu m'magazi. Kuphatikizika kwa zizindikiro za Somoji syndrome kumaphatikizapo:

• kusinthasintha kwakukuru ndi kwakukulu pakukhudzidwa kwa shuga,
• kulimbalimba kwa hypoglycemia,
• mkodzo acetone
• kuchuluka phindu
• kulakalaka kwamphamvu
• kuwonjezereka kwa gawo la matenda ashuga,
• pafupi ndi masiku abwinobwino shuga pakazizira.

Hypently hypoglycemia ikhoza kukhala limodzi ndi izi:

• kufooketsa thupi kwambiri.
• kupweteka mutu pafupipafupi
• kusinthasintha
• kuwonongeka kwakanthawi kowonekera,
• kusowa tulo kapena zolakwika
• thupi limapweteka m'mawa
• kutopa kwambiri.

Ndikofunikira kusiyanitsa matenda am'mawa kuchokera ku Somoji syndrome. Poyamba, kuchuluka kwa glucose usiku kumasungidwa mkati mozungulira, ndipo m'mawa limatuluka kwambiri. Ndi matenda a Somoji, kuchuluka kwa shuga kumayamba kuchepa pang'onopang'ono usiku, mpaka nthawi yovuta yozunzika ikayamba njira yachilengedwe ya antihypoglycemia, yomwe imayendera limodzi ndi kuchuluka kwakukulu kwa shuga m'magazi a m'magazi.

Matenda otsatirawa amadziwika ndi kuchuluka kwambiri kwa mapuloteni omwe ali ndi kwamikodzo, omwe sayenera kukhalapo konse. Izi zikuwonetsa kuwonongeka kwa impso, komwe ndi kuphatikizika kwa matenda ashuga, ndikuwonera gawo lachitatu la anthu odwala matenda ashuga. Zizindikiro zazikulu za nephrotic syndrome ndi:

• kufooketsa thupi,
• kutaya mtima kwa chakudya
• ludzu losatha, kumverera kwa madzi am'madzi,
• kulimbikira,
• kulemera m'munsi mmunsi.

Edema yomwe imayendera limodzi ndi kufalikira kwa matendawa imapereka zovuta zambiri. Amatha kukhala madontho, ma ascites, ndi zina zazikulu kwambiri, zotambika zimatha kupanga, ndipo khungu, misomali ndi tsitsi zimayamba kulowa.

• matenda edema,
• kugwedeza thupi kwambiri
• kugunda kwamtima, kugunda,
• pachimake aimpso kulephera
• zilonda zazikulu,
• kuwonjezeka kwazizindikiro za nephropathy.

Choyamba, timaganizira za syndromes mwa mwana kapena wachinyamata yemwe amapatsira majini:

• Zamatsenga. Matenda ofala kwambiri, omwe ndiovuta kulimbana nawo. Imadziwonetsa ngati kukana insulini, komwe kumasokoneza kagayidwe kazakudya zam'mimba, lipids ndi purines m'thupi. Zotsatira zake, kulemera kwa thupi kumachuluka.
• Tungsten syndrome kapena DIDMOAD syndrome. Ndi chitukuko, kumayambitsa kuwongolera kwa optic disc. Mwana aliyense wodwala matendawa amatha kudwala matenda a shuga kapena a insipidus. Nthawi zina, ugonthi wopita patsogolo umawonedwa.

Ndi matenda a shuga, pali zovuta zina za zizindikiro, zomwe, monga lamulo, zimadziwoneka zokha muubwana. Zokhudza:

• Matenda a Moriak. Chifukwa cha kukula kwa chizindikirocho, mwana amatha kukula msanga. Komanso nthawi zambiri amasintha mawonekedwe a mwezi. Kugwiritsa ntchito insulin ya inshuwaransi yotsika mtengo kungapangitse kukula kwa matenda a Moriak. Mlingo wowerengeka molakwika ungakulitse mwayi wophatikizana ndi zizindikiro.
• Matenda a Nobekur. Ndiwocheperako poyerekeza ndi momwe adasankhira kale, koma sikuti owopsa. Kuperewera kwa chisamaliro cha mwana, kudya kosayenera ndikuphwanya zakudya kwa odwala matenda ashuga, komanso kumwa molakwika insulin kungayambitse kukula kwake. Ndi chiwonetsero cha matendawa, mwana amakhala wodabwitsidwa ndipo sangathe kulemera thupi. Chitukuko cha kugonana chimachedwetsedwa kwambiri. Chiwindi chimakula kukula chifukwa cha kulowa m'mafuta. Matenda a shuga amawonetsa kuvutikira.
• Somoji syndrome. Mwa ana, amadziwulula ndi zizindikiro zapadera. M'maloto a mwana, zozizwitsa usiku zimazunza mwana kulira kapena kulira kwambiri. Nthawi zina, mwana amatha kusokoneza kwakanthawi kochepa. Chifukwa cha kugona tulo, mwana amakhala wosakwiya komanso wotopa.

Njira Zopewera Kovuta

Zonunkhira. Owopsa kwambiri, omwe akuimira chiwopsezo chenicheni pamoyo wa wodwalayo. Mavuto owopsa amachitika mwachangu ndipo amakula mwachangu kwambiri. Nthawi zina, bilu siyikhala ya masiku, koma maola.

Pali njira zingapo zomwe zingachitike pazovuta za shuga. Onani mwatsatanetsatane zomwe ambiri amakonda.

• Ketoacidosis. Mkhalidwe wodziwika ndi kudziunjikira m'mwazi wambiri wazinthu zopanga mafuta. Izi zikuwopseza moyo wa anthu. Pali zovuta zotsutsana ndi maziko ovulala, kuphwanya zakudya ndipo amadziwika ndi kusokonezeka kwakukulu kwa ziwalo zazikulu ndi machitidwe awo. Vutoli limadziwika ndi anthu odwala matenda ashuga a mtundu woyamba.
• Hypoglycemia. Kutsika kwadzidzidzi m'magazi a magazi. Vutoli limatha kuchitika pang'onopang'ono chifukwa cha kudya kosagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ochepetsa shuga, kuchita zolimbitsa thupi kwambiri. Wodwalayo amataya chikumbumtima, zomwe zimachitika pakubwera kwa kuwala zimasokonekera, kupweteka kumachitika. Choyipa chachikulu, chikomokere. Hypoglycemia ndi vuto lomwe limatha kuchitika mtundu uliwonse wa matenda ashuga.
• Hyperosmolar chikomokere. Mkhalidwe womwe umapezeka ndi kuchepa kwa madzi m'thupi nthawi yayitali ndipo umadziwika ndi kuchuluka kwakuchuluka kwa shuga ndi sodium m'magazi a odwala matenda ashuga. Vutoli limadziwika ndi matenda a shuga a 2, ndipo sizachilendo kwa anthu okalamba.
• Lactacidotic chikomokere. Vuto lomwe limayamba chifukwa cha vuto la impso ndi mtima. Wodwalayo amalephera kupuma, kutsika kwa magazi, komanso khungu. Mtundu wamtunduwu nthawi zambiri umapezeka mwa odwala matenda ashuga azaka zopitilira 50.

Pafupifupi mavuto onse omwe ali pamwambapa amabwera pakapita maola. Kuneneratu zoyambira zawo ndizosatheka.

Mtundu uliwonse wamavuto ndiwowopsa m'moyo wa wodwalayo, motero, amafunikira kuchipatala msanga.Ngati palibe chithandizo chomwe chimaperekedwa pakadutsa maola awiri kuchokera nthawi yoyamba kumayambiriro kwa mavutowo, kulosera za moyo ndi thanzi la wodwalayo kukhumudwitsa kwambiri.

Mochedwa. Mavuto omwe amadzimva pokhapokha patatha zaka zochepa munthu atadwala. Choopsa chachikulu pamavuto oterewa sichinthu chovuta kwambiri, koma kuwonongeka pang'onopang'ono mu thanzi komanso thanzi la odwala matenda ashuga.

• Angiopathy. Amadziwika ndi kuphwanya kwamphamvu kwamitsempha yamagazi, makoma omwe amakhala osalimba. Wodwala ali ndi zizindikiro zoyambirira za atherosulinosis kapena thrombosis. Poyerekeza ndi zovuta zina zomwe zimachedwa, angiopathy imatha kupezeka mwachangu - mkati mwa miyezi 10-12.
• Retinopathy Vuto lomwe limawopseza wodwalayo chifukwa cha kusawona kwathunthu ndipo limalumikizidwa ndi kuwonongeka kwa retina. Nthawi zambiri, mtundu wamtunduwu wam'mbuyo umawonedwa mu anthu odwala matenda ashuga omwe ali ndi matenda amtundu wachiwiri.

• Polyneuropathy. Mavuto omwe amabwera chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa chidwi cham'munsi komanso chapamwamba. Chotsogola cha vutoli chimatha kukhala kuti chikugwedeza, kumva tulo komanso kumva kutentha m'manja ndi m'miyendo.
• Matenda a shuga. Imadziwawoneka ngati maonekedwe otsika malekezero a zilonda zazitali zosachiritsa ndi zotupa. Pamene zovuta zikupita, necrosis imatha kuchitika (kufa kwa malo ena a kumapazi). Chifukwa cha kuthekera kotukuka, anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga amalangizidwa kuti azikhala ndi chidwi kwambiri ndi ukhondo wam'munsi, chisankho choyenera cha nsapato.

Matenda Pambuyo pazaka khumi kapena kuposerapo za matenda ashuga, thupi la munthu, ngakhale litapatsidwa malangizo onse azachipatala, limayamba kuthana ndi matenda amtundu uliwonse.

Aliyense amadziwa kuti ndi matenda ashuga, kapangidwe ka magazi kamasinthika. Chifukwa chake, zovuta ndi zotupa zoperewera zimatha kupezeka pafupifupi ziwalo zonse zamunthu. Zotengera, impso, khungu ndi dongosolo lamanjenje zimakhudzidwa makamaka.

• Khungu. Poyerekeza ndi kuwonongeka kwa magazi m'magazi, khungu limasokonekera. Izi zimabweretsa kuwoneka kosalekeza pakhungu la mitundu yonse ya mabala ndi zilonda zam'mimba. Mwambiri, nthawi zambiri ndi omwe amakhala magwero azilonda zopweteka mthupi.
• Zotengera. Woyamba "kumva" zoyipa zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha matenda ashuga. Popita nthawi, patency yamitsempha imachepa, ndipo makoma awo amataya mwayi wopatsira michere ma cell. Zotsatira zake, kusowa kwa michere kumawonedwa mu ziwalo, machitidwe ndi minofu yawo.
• Impso. Chiwalo chofunikira chomwe, mothandizidwa ndi matenda ashuga, chimasiya kugwira bwino ntchito zake. Popita nthawi, wodwalayo amayamba kulephera. Werengani zambiri za kuwonongeka kwa impso mu shuga - werengani apa.
• Machitidwe amanjenje. Mu odwala matenda ashuga, manjenjenje akusintha kwambiri. Zovuta zimawonekera osati kutayika kwa miyendo, komwe kwatchulidwa pamwambapa, komanso kufooka kosalekeza komanso kunjenjemera miyendo. Nthawi zambiri pamakhala odwala matenda ashuga omwe amadandaula za kupweteka kosaneneka m'malo osiyanasiyana a thupi.

Matenda a shuga ndi zovuta zake. Njira zopewera zovuta. Malangizo a katswiri.

Pochita zachipatala, chikomokere cha matenda a shuga chimatchedwa hyperglycemia. Mkhalidwe uwu umadziwika ndi kuwonjezeka kwakukulu kwa shuga m'magazi motsutsana ndi kumbuyo kwa zosakwanira zapachirengedwe zachilengedwe za insulin, chithandizo chosayenera, komanso kusokoneza pakumwa mankhwala ofunikira kuti muchepetse shuga.

Ngati zikuchitika moyenera panthawi yodwala momwe wodwalayo aliri, ndiye kuti kupitirirako kumakhala koyenera: chithandizo ndikubwezeretsa mwachangu ndikuyenda bwino, munthuyo akuchira ndipo posachedwa abwerere ku njira yake yamoyo.

Matenda a matenda ashuga nthawi zambiri satha kumwalira. Komabe, izi ndizotheka.Kuperewera kwa chithandizo chokwanira kumatha kupangitsa kuti munthu wodwala matenda ashuga.

Kuchedwa kulikonse kuthandizira zoterezi kumakhala ndi zotsatira zoyipa. Chifukwa chake, kukulitsa edema yamatumbo ndikotheka.

M'madera ovuta kwambiri, wodwalayo sangathe kuchira kwa nthawi yayitali, ndipo amakhalanso pamtunda kwa milungu ingapo ngakhale miyezi ingapo. Njira yotereyi imakhalanso yodzala ndi minyewa ya edema, yomwe, pamapeto pake, imatha:

• kusokonekera kwa mawu
• mgwirizano wolakwika,
• mavuto mu ntchito ya mtima
• kusokonezeka kwa kukumbukira
• kupuwala pang'ono (kwakanthawi kapena kwanthawi yayitali),
• mavuto ndi ziwalo zina ndi machitidwe awo.

Pofuna kupewa kuyambika kwa matenda ashuga, ndikofunikira kuwunika thanzi lanu, kutsatira malingaliro osavuta a odwala matenda ashuga:

• gwiritsitsani zakudya zomwe mumasankha nokha,
• kuwunikira pafupipafupi shuga kunyumba (pogwiritsa ntchito glucometer) kapena mu labotore,
• khalani ndi moyo wokangalika ndi kuchita zolimbitsa thupi.
• kumwa mwachindunji mankhwala onse omwe dokotala amafunikira (kuphatikizapo omwe amathandizira kuchepetsa shuga),
• kukana kudzipereka wekha ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osadziwika ndi mankhwala ovomerezeka.

Kutsatira malangizowa ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yopewera matenda ashuga ndipo sikungalole kukonzanso kwa zovuta zamtsogolo.

Ndizofunikanso kudziwa kuti kupewa bwino kwambiri matenda aliwonse a shuga ndi chithandizo chanthawi zonse kuchipatala. Kuthamangitsidwa kuchipatala kumafunikira aliyense wodwala matenda ashuga 1 kamodzi pachaka.

Nthawi zina, mutha kudzipereka nokha kuchipatala munthawi yovomerezeka. Njira yabwino yothetsera vutoli ndi kukhalabe kwa wodwala nthawi yonse yopita kuchipatala, komanso njira zonse zofunikira ndi maphunziro a mankhwala, physiotherapy.

Pofuna kupewa zovuta za matenda amtundu wa 2 komanso mtundu wachiwiri wa shuga, ndikofunikira kutsatira malangizo awa:

• Tsatirani malangizo a dokotala pokhudzana ndi zakudya, osaphwanya zakudya.
• Yendani momwe mungathere, nthawi zambiri kuti mukhale mu mpweya watsopano, kusewera masewera nthawi zonse.
• Nthawi zonse onjezerani kulemera. Kwa kunenepa kwambiri, chitani chilichonse chotheka kuti muchepetse mapaundi owonjezera (onaninso - momwe mungachepetsere kulemera ndi matenda ashuga).
• Nthawi zonse yang'anirani shuga wamagazi (pafupifupi katatu pa sabata).
• Musadumphe kumwa mankhwala omwe adokotala akutsimikizirani, chitani insulin nthawi yake.
• Musaiwale za zizolowezi zoipa monga kusuta fodya komanso kumwa mowa (za momwe mowa umakhudzira matenda ashuga komanso mtundu wanji wa mowa womwe umaloledwa - dziwa apa).
• Nthawi zambiri amawonedwa ndi endocrinologist.

Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga ayenera kumvetsetsa kuti kuzindikira kwina sikokwanira. Ili ndi gawo lapadera la thupi, momwe kuwunikira thanzi la wina kumafunikira, ndipo moyo wapadera umawonedwa.

Anthu ambiri ali ndi chibadwa choti chizitha kutuluka komanso kukulitsa matenda osiyanasiyana a mtima. Kukhalapo kwa matenda ashuga amtundu uliwonse komanso mtundu kumangokulitsa mavuto omwe alipo komanso kumawonjezera vuto la zovuta zomwe zimatchedwa diabetesic angiopathy.

Cholakwika chifukwa chophwanya njira za metabolic pakati pa minofu ndi ziwalo, zotupa zam'matumbo mwa mawonekedwe a atherosulinosis (matenda omwe m'makoma a ziwiya amatsekedwa ndi zotchedwa cholesterol plaques).

Matenda a matenda a shuga

Chithandizo cha khunyu ikuyenera kuchitika modzaza ndipo phatikizani izi:

1. Chithandizo cha mankhwala:

• mankhwala omwe cholinga chake ndi kupulumutsira ma spasms (Benzobamil, Gabapentin, Aceipiprol, Benzonal, Pregabalin),
• mankhwala oletsa kutupa (Indomethacin, Nimesulide),
• painkiller (amitriptyline, papaverine, palibe-shpa, drotaverin, dibazole, ortofen),
• antidepressants (Elavil, Norpramin, Pamelor, Lexapro, Prozac),
• Vitamini zowonjezera ndi kufufuza zinthu (Alfabe, Complivit, Doppelherz, etc.).

1. Kusintha kwamphamvu.

Zakudya za matenda ashuga ziyenera kukhala ndi cholinga chobwezeretsanso michere monga magnesium, potaziyamu ndi calcium m'thupi. Kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zamkaka zopaka (tchizi, tchizi chokoleti, kefir) ndi nthangala za sesame zimatha kulipirira kuchepa kwa calcium.

Magnesium amapezeka mu katsabola, anyezi wobiriwira, chimanga, tirigu wamphaka, zam'madzi, zipatso zouma (ma apricots owuma, nkhuyu, mapula), mbewu za maungu, ndi nyemba. Chulukitsani thupi ndi potaziyamu muzitha kugwiritsa ntchito masamba a masamba, broccoli, avocado.

Makalasi azachipatala amathandizira kuthana ndi vuto monga kukokana, koma ndikofunikira kuti azichita nawo pafupipafupi komanso moyenera. Ndikofunikira kuti zovuta zolimbitsa thupi zilembedwe ndi dokotala, koma ngati sizingatheke, mungachite izi:

• poyenda chidendene kupita kumumwe,
• polumikizani zala zazikulu, ndikugulitsa zidendene momwe mungathere kuchokera kwa wina ndi mnzake, pamenepa muyenera kukanikiza kunja kwa phazi pansi,
• atakhala pampando, atambasulira phazi, kuyambira zala, ndikugwira kwa pafupifupi masekondi 10, kenako ndikukokera kwa inu,
• nyamuka zala, ndikugwetsa zidendene pansi kwambiri momwe mungathere, nditatsitsa mosamala,
• kukhala mutakweza miyendo yanu ndipo "jambulani" masokosi ozungulira mlengalenga.

Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi koteroko kumathandizira kubwezeretsa magazi m'miyendo ndikuchepetsa kupsinjika tsiku litatha.

Ndikotheka kusintha momwe mitsempha ya magazi imayendera komanso njira yamanjenje imagwiritsa ntchito njira zosagwiritsa ntchito chikhalidwe - iyi ndi njira ya njira ya magnetotherapy, electrophoresis yothandizira, electro ndi zamkati. Komabe, njirazi ziyenera kuchitika mosamala komanso kokha ndi chilolezo cha dokotala.

Wodwala akangolowa kuchipatala, kuyerekezera makina opangira magazi, kuyezetsa magazi, shuga, ma coagulogram, ndi angiography yoyambira ayenera kuchitidwa. Chodziwika bwino ndi chithandizo cha iservic stroke. Imagawika pawiri komanso mosiyanasiyana.

Gawo loyamba ndichithandizo chofunikira chothandizira kutsimikizira ntchito zofunika kwambiri mthupi: kuwongolera madzi osakanikirana ndi ma elekitirodi, kudzaza magazi ndi magazi, kuchepetsa kukula kwa mitsempha ya mtima, kuonetsetsa magwiridwe antchito amtima. Izi zikusinthira sizimadalira mtundu wa sitiroko.

Ndiye mankhwala osiyanitsa amachitika. Imakhala othandiza kwambiri panthawi ya maola atatu oyamba (zenera la achire). Ngati ischemia imayambitsidwa ndi thrombus, chithandizo cha thrombolysis ndichofunikira. Mankhwala osankhidwa ndi activator wa plasminogen.

Potsimikizira matenda a ischemic stroke, wodwalayo ndi mankhwala a aspirin. Amachepetsa mwayi wobwerezabwereza wa thrombosis. Ngati mankhwala a thrombolysis apangika, pitani ku opareshoni. A thrombectomy ndi kubwezeretsa kutuluka kwa magazi m'dera lomwe lakhudzidwa ndi ubongo kumachitika.

Pambuyo pa kuthetsa pachimake chikhalidwe, wodwalayo adapangidwira antiplatelet mankhwala - antiplatelet othandizira omwe amachepetsa mafuta a cholesterol. Udindo wofunikira pakugwidwa ndi matenda a shuga mellitus ndi chithandizo chamankhwala.

• muyenera kuyamba kudya bwino, komanso kupatula zakudya zamafuta pang'ono,
• ndikofunikira kuganizira magawo a mkate (gome la magawo a mkate likupezeka pano),
• Pewani kudya zakudya zamafuta
• zopangidwa ndi nyama zizikhala za nyama (nkhuku, ng'ombe, kalulu),
• Sizoletsedwa kumwa zakumwa zoziziritsa kukhosi,
• lawani kudya zipatso, makamaka mphesa, mavwende, mapeyala, mapichesi, ma apricots,
• imwani zamadzi zambiri
• letsa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osuta, osowa.

Nthawi zambiri, munthu wathanzi amakhala ndi chizolowezi chomangosintha pafupipafupi 60-80 miniti.Kupatuka kuzizindikirozi kumatchedwa bradycardia, pamene kugunda kumakhala pansi pa 60 kumenya pamphindi, ndipo tachycardia imakhala kugunda kwamtima kwa oposa 80 pamphindi.

• Chithunzi cha kuchipatala
• Zizindikiro
• Chithandizo
• Chithandizo cha anthu

Matenda a shuga tachycardia

Mwa anthu athanzi, vutoli limatha kuchitika chifukwa cha kupsinjika kwakuthupi kapena m'maganizo, mukamadya zakudya zokhala ndi caffeine mwa ana nthawi yakutha komanso kukonzanso thupi.