Njira zakulera za matenda a shuga 1: A mpaka Z

Mbiri ya kulera kwa akazi ndi amuna idayamba zaka masauzande ambiri. Njira zambiri zamakono zakulera zinali ndi machitidwe awo zaka mazana angapo zapitazo. Tikukhala munthawi yomwe kugonana pakati pa mwamuna ndi mkazi ndi kotheka popanda kutenga pakati. Pakadali pano, pali kusankha kwakukulu kwa njira zakulera, kutengera zofuna zanu, moyo wanu ndi kusowa kwa zotsutsana.

Komabe, vuto la kulera pakati pa matenda ashuga 1 sikuti limangophikidwa ndi madokotala omwe amapezekapo, ndipo pali zambiri zambiri zotsutsana pa intaneti. Pali mafunso ambiri omwe simumapeza mayankho nthawi zonse. Kodi njira zakulera ndizothandiza bwanji? Njira iti yothandiza kwambiri? Kodi amaloledwa kukhala ndi matenda ashuga? Kodi zingayambitse kuwonongeka kwa milingo ya shuga, kumayambiriro kapena kukula kwa zovuta za matenda ashuga? Kodi "kuvulaza" ndikugwiritsa ntchito bwanji mankhwala a mahomoni? Momwe mungasankhire njira yoyenera ine? Kodi zitha kunditeteza bwanji? Ndi mafunso ena ambiri. Munkhaniyi tiyesera kuyankha ambiri a iwo.

Kulera (kuchokera ku novolat. "Contraceptio" - makalata. - kupatula) - kuletsa kutenga pakati ndi makina, mankhwala ndi njira zina zakulera.

Kusankha njira yolerera, tiyenera kupeza bwino pakati pa kugwiriridwa kwa njirayo, kuopsa kwake ndi zotsatirapo zake, malingaliro okonzekera kutenga pakati ndi zomwe amakonda.

Amayi onse amisinkhu yokhala ndi matenda a shuga kapena opanda matenda a shuga amawagawa m'magulu awiri: omwe akufuna kukhala ndi pakati komanso omwe safuna kukhala ndi pakati. Kwa amayi omwe akukonzekera kukhala ndi pakati, ndikofunikira kuti akonzekere moyenera pamodzi ndi endocrinologist ndi dokotala wazachipatala. Kumbukirani kuti kutenga pakati kumachitika ndi kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin yayikulu komanso kusowa kwa chipukutiro cha matenda ashuga, kuopsa kwa kusiyana kwa kubereka kwa ana, zovuta za pakati komanso kubereka kumawonjezeka. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kukonzekera pakati ndipo nthawi yakukonzekera gwiritsani ntchito njira yoyenera yolerera kwa inu. Kwa amayi omwe sakukonzekera kutenga pakati, nkhani yoletsa kulera ndiyofunikanso kupewa mimba yosafunikira.

Palibe njira zakulera zomwe zimaphatikizidwa kwathunthu mu shuga. Popeza kuchuluka kowopsa kwa mwana wosabadwayo ndi mayi panthawi yapakati yosakonzekera, njira zomwe zimagwira bwino ntchito kwambiri zimasankhidwa. Chofunikira kwambiri chachipatala chomwe chimasankha kusankha njira zolerera ndi kukhalapo kwa zovuta zamatenda a mtima. Pazifukwa izi, muyenera kuyesedwa ndi dokotala musanasankhe njira yodzitetezera. Palibe chifukwa chomwe mungayambire kutenga njira za kulera nokha.

Mukamasankha njira yodzitetezera, ndikofunika kuti muziiganizira za chitetezo chake komanso chitetezo chake. Kuti muwone kuyendetsera bwino kwake, cholozera chimagwiritsidwa ntchito chomwe chikuwonetsa kuti ndi azimayi angati mwa zana omwe adakhala ndi pakati pogwiritsa ntchito njira imodzi kapena ina yolerera kwa chaka chimodzi. Palibe njira imodzi yomwe ilipo 100% yothandiza. Kumbukirani kuti posatengera kulera mwa amayi 100, opitilira 80 amakhala ndi pakati chaka chimodzi. Kudalirika kwa njira zambiri zotetezera kumatengera kulondola kwa kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwawo.

Muyenera kudzisankhira nokha nthawi yomwe mayi sangathe kukhala ndi pakati - mwezi, chaka, zaka 10, kapena simukonzekera ana konse. Pali njira zakulera zazifupi komanso zazifupi.

Kuti kulera kwa nthawi yayitali kuphatikiza zida za intrauterine ndi zodulira zam'mimba. Njira zakulera izi sizitanthauza kuti mukhale nawo pachiwonetsero ndipo ndinu otetezeka, kuphatikizapo matenda ashuga amtundu 1. Kukhazikitsa kwawo kumatenga mphindi zingapo, kupereka njira yodalirika yolerera.

Makina a intrauterine.

Chipangizo cha intrauterine (IUD) ndi pulogalamu ya intrauterine, yomwe ndi chipangizo chaching'ono chopangidwa ndi pulasitiki chokhala ndi mkuwa chomwe chimalepheretsa umuna kulowa muchiberekero, kuletsa dzira ndi umuna kuti usakumane, komanso kupewa mazira okhathamira kuti asamatenge kukhoma kwa chiberekero. Malinga ndi ziwerengero, azimayi amodzi mwa 100 aliwonse omwe ali ndi njira yolerera imeneyi amakhala ndi pakati. Proteerone ya mahormoni kuchokera munthawiyi imatulutsidwa pang'onopang'ono, koma mosalekeza, kumathandizira kuchepa kwa gawo logwira ntchito mkati mwa khoma la chiberekero (endometrium), lomwe limalepheretsa dzira losauthira kuti lisamatike kukhoma la uterine, ndikupanganso khomo lachiberekero cha chiberekero (izi zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kulowa kwa umuna ikhoza kukumana ndi dzira). Ubwino wa njirayi ndi njira zabwino zakulera, osafunikira pakudya pafupipafupi, monga momwe zilili ndi mapiritsi. Kuzungulira kumakhala kwa zaka 5. Zowopsa ndizoyipa zamavuto monga matenda, komanso nthawi zochulukirapo komanso zopweteka. Ma IUD nthawi zambiri amakhazikitsidwa kwa amayi omwe abereka. Zomwe zilipo zikuwonetsa zisonyezo zofanizira kukhazikitsa chipangizo cha intrauterine monga momwe ziliri ndi amayi opanda shuga. Njirayi imachepetsa chiwongolero cha matenda ashuga.

Zoletsa za kulera.

Zomwe zimayikidwa zimayikidwa pang'onopang'ono, ndipo zotulukapo zake zimatheka ndikupondereza ovulation (kutuluka kwa dzira kuchokera ku thumba losunga mazira). Mukamagwiritsa ntchito, mayi m'modzi mwa 100 aliwonse amatha kukhala ndi pakati. Imayikidwa pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala oletsa ululu kwa zaka zitatu. Ubwino wake ndiwodziwikiratu - kukwera kwambiri, kukhazikitsa kamodzi kwa zaka zitatu. Zoyipa ndizovuta zakuwonera komanso zazing'onoting'ono zomwe zimachitika nthawi zambiri m'miyezi yoyambirira.

Zingwe za subcutaneous ndizotetezanso kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga. Malinga ndi kafukufuku, mankhwalawa sanakhudze kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin wa glycated ndipo sanathandizire kukula kwa zovuta za matenda ashuga. Chifukwa chofutira kwambiri chowasiya iwo chinali kuwonera kwakanthawi.

Kuti kulera kwakanthawi kochepa phatikizani njira zakulera za pakamwa komanso ziwongola dzanja. Izi ndi njira zofala kwambiri zakulera. Komabe, chaka chimodzi chitatha kugwiritsa ntchito njirayi, azimayi 68% okha ndi omwe amapitiliza kudya, chifukwa mapiritsi amayenera kumwedwa tsiku lililonse, zigamba zimasinthidwa sabata iliyonse, ndipo zimakhazikika pamwezi. Pamaso pa mtundu 1 wa shuga wopanda vuto la mtima, phindu la mankhwalawa limaposa zowopsa zake.

Pakamwa (pakamwa) njira zakulera kapena mapiritsi otithandizira.

Iyi ndi imodzi mwazofala kwambiri njira zakulera. Pali magulu angapo a mapiritsi a kulera: kuphatikiza mankhwala (yokhala ndi mahomoni awiri - estrogen ndi progesterone) komanso kokha progesterone - yokhala mankhwala. Choyambirira, mahomoni awa amachita ngati mazira, kutsekereza kutuluka kwa dzira (ovval). Kuphatikiza apo, mahomoni awa amapangitsa kuti khomo lachiberekero libere, ndikupanga endometrium kuonda, zomwe zimalepheretsa dzira lolumikizidwa kukhoma la chiberekero. Timakambirana pagulu lililonse.

Kafukufuku wa Epidemiological awonetsa kuti kutenga kuphatikiza kulera kwamlomo mogwirizana ndi chiwopsezo chachikulu cha matenda a mtima. Inde, kumwa mankhwalawa kumatha kutenga nawo gawo mu zovuta za matenda a shuga zomwe zilipo. Kuphatikiza apo, asadakhazikitsidwe, ndikofunikira kuwunika zomwe zikuwonetsa momwe magazi amapangidwira, chifukwa chiopsezo chopanga magazi amawundana (magazi amawonjezera).

Chifukwa chake, mapiritsi othandizira kubadwa awa ndi oyenera ngati muli ndi zaka zakubadwa 35 ndipo mulibe zovuta zofanana ndi zotupa za msana komanso ziwopsezo monga kuthamanga kwa magazi, kunenepa kwambiri, kusuta komanso kukhalapo kwa venous thrombosis m'mbuyomu.

Njira zophatikizira zakuthirira pakamwa, zikagwiritsidwa ntchito mu Mlingo waukulu, zimakhudza kufunika kwa insulini, kuonjezera, ndipo Mlingo wochepa mphamvu izi ndizochepa.

Malinga ndi ziwerengero, azimayi amodzi (1) mwa 100 aliwonse omwe amamwa mapiritsiwa nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi pakati. Ubwino wawo ndiwothandiza bwino, owerengeka azotsatira zoyipa, ndipo amagwiritsidwanso ntchito nthawi zopweteka komanso zolemetsa. Ndipo zovuta zake ndi chiopsezo chambiri chakutulutsa magazi (ziwunda za magazi), kufunikira kwa kuvomerezedwa kosalekeza popanda mipata, zotsutsana ndi matenda ena.

Mankhwala okhala ndi progesterone.

Kukonzekera komwe kumakhala ndi progesterone kapena zakumwa zoziziritsa kukhosi (ndiye kuti, "mapiritsi ochepa") kumakhala koyenera kwa amayi omwe ali ndi matenda amtundu wa 1, chifukwa sizikhudza chiwopsezo cha matenda ashuga kapena chiopsezo chokhala ndi zovuta za matenda ashuga. Malinga ndi ziwerengero, azimayi amodzi (1) mwa 100 aliwonse omwe amamwa mapiritsiwa nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi pakati. Zoyipa za njira yolerera za kulera ndizotheka kusakhazikika kwa msambo komanso kuti zimayenera kutengedwa panthawi yotsimikizika. Amachitapo kanthu chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa ntchofu mu khomo lachiberekero, kupatulira kwa chiberekero, komanso kutsekeka kwa mazira m'mimba. Kuphatikiza apo, mankhwalawa nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi akazi anyama, azimayi opitirira zaka 35, komanso osuta.

Muyenera kuzigwiritsa ntchito molingana ndi malamulo ovomerezeka kuti mudziteteze ku mimba. Zomwe zimayambitsa kulephera kulera pakumwa mapiritsi oletsa kubereka ndi kudumphadwala, kumwa mankhwala, kapena zinthu zina zomwe zimakhudza kugwira bwino ntchito (mwachitsanzo, kumwa maantibayotiki, kusanza, kapena kutsekula m'mimba).

Choletsa.

Mtundu wophatikiza kulera wokhala ndi estrogen ndi progesterone. Ichi chigamba chimamangiriridwa pakhungu. Ubwino wamtunduwu ndizosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito, kugwiritsa ntchito bwino, komanso kupepuka komanso nthawi zopweteka. Choyipa chake ndikuletsa ntchito kwa gulu lina la anthu. Simalimbikitsidwa kwa azimayi azaka zopitilira 35, osuta fodya, komanso azimayi olemera kuposa makilogalamu 90, popeza kuchuluka kwa mahomoni kungakhale kosakwanira kuteteza kutenga pakati.

Kuti njira zopanda mahomoni monga makondomu, ma diaphragms, ma spermicidal gels, njira yolerera yachilengedwe. Ngati mkazi sakufunanso ana, ndizotheka kugwiritsa ntchito njira yolera yotseketsa.

Njira zotchinga.

Izi zikuphatikiza ma kondomu (achimuna, achikazi), ma diaphragms. Amaletsa umuna kuti usalowe muchiberekero. Kuchita kwawo kumachepera pang'ono. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito kondomu ya abambo, azimayi awiri mwa 100 aliwonse amatha kukhala ndi pakati. Ubwino ndi kusowa kwa chiwopsezo chachipatala, komanso mavuto ena. Kuphatikiza apo, kumbukirani kuti makondomu amateteza ku matenda opatsirana pogonana. Zoyipa zake ndikuchepa kwa kudalirika kwa njirayo, kufunika kogwiritsa ntchito nthawi iliyonse, komanso mwayi wophwanya umphumphu wa kapangidwe kake.

Kuchokera pamalingaliro azachipatala, njira zotchinga ndizoyenera kwa azimayi onse omwe ali ndi matenda amtundu wa 1 chifukwa chochepa cha zoyipa ndi zotsatira zake pakulamulira matenda ashuga. Makondomu, ma spermicides ndi ma diaphragms ndi njira zabwino zolerera ngati zigwiritsidwa ntchito moyenera komanso mosalekeza. Komabe, kupambana kwa njirazi kumatengera kudzipereka kwanu munjira iyi komanso kugwiritsa ntchito nthawi zonse. Ndi abwino kwa amayi omwe safuna kumwa mankhwala a mahomoni omwe akukonzekera kukhala ndi pakati pa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi ndi itatu, ndipo, mwachilendo kwambiri, azimayi omwe amalephera kugwiritsa ntchito njira zina zotetezera.

Zachidziwikire, kwa azimayi omwe alibe mnzawo wogonana, makondomu amayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuti ateteze kumatenda opatsirana pogonana. Iyi ndiye njira yokhayo yodzitetezera yomwe imateteza ku matenda awa.

Mukamasankha njira zotere, muyenera kudziwitsidwa ndi dokotala za njira zakulera mwadzidzidzi. Njira zakulera zadzidzidzi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati simukufuna kutenga pakati: pogonana popanda njira zakulera, ngati kondomu idawonongeka, ngati mukuphonya mapiritsi oletsa kubereka, kapena ngati mumamwa maantiamu omwe amachepetsa mphamvu ya mapiritsi oteteza kulera.

Kwa azimayi omwe safunanso kukhala ndi pakati, njira yolera yotsekera ndi yankho linanso. Komabe, njira zomwe zili pamwambazi sizotsika pakulimbitsa thupi ndipo sizikuchita opareshoni. Kuchita chokomera chachikazi ndi njira yochitira opaleshoni njira yolerera, yozikidwa pakapangidwe kazinthu zoletsa ma fallopian machubu. Ndiosavuta kuchita izi munthawi ya cesarean. Samisili yazimayi sichimasintha ma hormonal. Mutha kukambirana za nkhaniyi ndi dokotala nthawi yonse yomwe mwakonzekera. Kuchepetsa amuna ndi kothekanso - vasectomy, opareshoni yomwe kunyamula kapena kuchotsa chidutswa cha vas deferens kumachitika mwa amuna. Ndizofunikira ngati muli ndi bwenzi logonana nthawi zonse.

Njira zachilengedwe zakulera.

Izi zimaphatikizapo kusokonezedwa kugonana ndi kugonana masiku "otetezeka". Zachidziwikire, muyenera kumvetsetsa kuti njirazi ndizothandiza kwambiri. Kuti mudziwe masiku "otetezeka", ndikofunikira kuzungulira kwazonse pogwiritsa ntchito zizindikiro monga kutentha kwa thupi, kutuluka kwamkati ndi mayeso apadera kuti mudziwe tsiku la ovulation. Ubwino wake ndi kusapezeka kwa mavuto, kuwonjezera pa chiwopsezo chachikulu cha kutenga pakati.

Pomaliza, ndikufuna kudziwa kuti kutenga pakati sikuyenera kukhala kokha kosangalatsa, komanso kukonzekera, chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kufikira nkhaniyi mozama. Pakadali pano pali msika wambiri woletsa kulera, ndipo, chifukwa cha izi, mutha kuchita zogonana osawopa kukhala ndi pakati. Kutengera mapulani anu apakati, zomwe mumakonda, momwe mumakhalira, komanso kupezeka kwa zovuta za matenda ashuga, inu ndi dokotala mudzatha kusankha njira yabwino yodzitetezera.

Njira zakulera za matenda a shuga 1: A mpaka Z

Kanema (dinani kusewera).

Komabe, nkhani yoletsa kubereka yokhala ndi matenda a shuga 1 sichikhala chokwanira nthawi zonse ndi madokotala omwe amapezekapo, ndipo pali zambiri zambiri zotsutsana pa intaneti. Pali mafunso ambiri omwe simumapeza mayankho nthawi zonse. Kodi njira zakulera ndizothandiza bwanji? Njira iti yothandiza kwambiri? Kodi amaloledwa kukhala ndi matenda ashuga? Kodi zingayambitse kuwonongeka kwa milingo ya shuga, kumayambiriro kapena kukula kwa zovuta za matenda ashuga? Kodi "kuvulaza" ndikugwiritsa ntchito bwanji mankhwala a mahomoni? Momwe mungasankhire njira yoyenera ine? Kodi zitha kunditeteza bwanji? Ndi mafunso ena ambiri. Munkhaniyi tiyesera kuyankha ambiri a iwo.

Kanema (dinani kusewera).

Kulera (kuchokera ku novolat. "Contraceptio" - makalata.- kupatula) - kupewa kwa mimbayo, mankhwala ndi njira zina zakulera.

Kusankha njira yolerera, tiyenera kupeza bwino pakati pa kugwiriridwa kwa njirayo, kuopsa kwake ndi zotsatirapo zake, malingaliro okonzekera kutenga pakati ndi zomwe amakonda.

Muyenera kudzisankhira nokha nthawi yomwe mayi sangathe kukhala ndi pakati - mwezi, chaka, zaka 10, kapena simukonzekera ana konse. Pali njira zakulera zazifupi komanso zazifupi.

"Chikondwerero Choyandikira"

Njira yotsika mtengo komanso yosadalirika. Mkazi ayenera kudalira mnzake, chifukwa palibe chomwe chimadalira iye. Koma ngakhale wokondedwa atachita zonse panthawi, pamakhala mwayi wotulutsa timadzi tamatumbo tomwe timakumana ndi mavuto osiyanasiyana kuchokera ku gland. Zotsatira zake, pa chisangalalo chogonana, umuna wosalamulirika umalowa m'mimba ya wamkazi. Kuthekera kwa kutenga pakati kuli kwakukulu, ndipo zovuta zomwe zimakhudzana ndikuchotsa mimbayo sizitanthauza kuti kugwiritsa ntchito njira yosadalirika ya chinthu chosokoneza.

Kondomu

Pangakhale kuti thupi siligwirizana ndi lalabala, lomwe m'zaka zaposachedwa layamba kufala, njira yabwino yopewera kutenga pakati. Zoyipa zazikulu zimadziwika bwino - chidwi cha maubwenzi chimachepetsedwa, kuthekera kuvala kondomu moyenera, mtengo wokwanira wazinthu zabwino ndizofunikira. Komabe, mukagwiritsa ntchito moyenera, ndioyenera kwa azimayi omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga omwe amakhala ndi moyo wachikhalidwe chovomerezeka, koma osati chofala.

Chipangizo cha intrauterine

Kwa azimayi achabechabe, izi sizabwino konse, chifukwa m'mikhalidwe yokhala ndi vuto la kuthana ndi vuto la shuga, kulowerera mkati ndikosayenera. Zipangizo zambiri za intrauterine zimakhala ndi ma gestagens - mahomoni omwe amalepheretsa kuyenda kwa umuna. Kukhazikitsa kwa zida zakulera sikungoyendera kwa azachipatala, komanso kukonzanso matenda oyambitsidwa ndi maliseche. Kwa azimayi omwe amabereka ndi matenda ashuga ndi njira yabwino ngati pakati sikukhazikitsidwa kwakanthawi kochepa.

Spermicides

Awa ndi mankhwala omwe amapangira mafuta kapena gelisi lomwe limayikidwa mu nyini musanalowe. Kuphatikiza pakutetezedwa ku pakati, kulera koteroko kumathandizanso kupewa matenda. Pali zovuta zina - sizoyenera kukhala pachibwenzi nthawi zonse, makamaka tsiku ndi tsiku, chifukwa musanachite zogonana ndikofunikira kuyambitsa mtundu wa spermicides. Nthawi zambiri pamachitika zinthu zina zosagwirizana, komanso kusamva bwino kwanuko chifukwa cha kuyabwa, kuwotcha ngakhale kupweteka.

Kulera kwa mahomoni

Gululi limaphatikizapo miyala ndi mphete ya ukazi. Njira yosavuta yolerera kulera, koma modziletsa. Kumwa mankhwala tsiku lililonse okhala ndi mahomoni ochepa kwambiri pamafunika. Njirayi iyenera kugwirizanitsidwa ndi adotolo, chifukwa zovuta zimatha, makamaka mwa amayi onenepa kwambiri. Mapiritsi amakonda mphete, chifukwa zimakhala ndi zochepa zamahomoni.

Ntchito zakulera

Ziri zokomera mkazi pempho lake pomanga machubu a fallopian. Opaleshoni imachitidwa pazifukwa zamankhwala kapena pambuyo pobadwa angapo ngati simukufuna kukhala ndi ana. Matenda a shuga sindiwo kuphwanya kwa njira zogwiritsira ntchito kulera, koma chifukwa cha kusinthika kwa kulowererako, kuyenera kuchitidwa pokha pazifukwa zaumoyo.

Mtundu uliwonse wa kulera uli ndi zovuta zake komanso zabwino zake. Kupatula kokha ndikusokonezedwa kwa kugonana, pamene chiopsezo chosavomerezeka sichimavomerezeka kwa mkazi yemwe ali ndi matenda ashuga.

Momwe mungasankhire njira yoyenera yolerera

Mosasamala mtundu wamtundu wa shuga, azimayi onse amalimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito njira zakulera - makondomu. Sizikhudzana ndi matendawa. Tetezani kuti musatenge pakati, koma kusamala ndi maluso ena abwenzi mukufunika kugwiritsa ntchito. Njira yabwino ndi ma spermicides. Pakupanda ziwopsezo zomwe zimapanga mankhwalawa, kugwiritsa ntchito kwawo ndikoyenera kwa azimayi omwe amachita zachiwerewere zosaposa 2 pa sabata.

Ndi ubale wokhazikika, njira zodalirika za kulera tsiku lililonse ndizofunikira. Kwa azimayi omwe amabereka ndi kusinthasintha kwakukulu mu glycemia (shuga wamagazi), njira ya chipangizo chamakono chamkati ndiyoyenera. Musanayikemo, muyenera kudutsa mayeso angapo a matenda obisika, ndikuwachiza ngati atapezeka. Kukhazikitsidwa kwa kapangidwe ka kulera kumachitika pokhapokha muofesi ya azachipatala, komwe boma laukhondo limayang'aniridwa mosamala. Kumbukirani kuti kwa amayi omwe ali ndi matenda amtundu wa shuga, mtundu uliwonse wa chida cha intrauterine umachitika chaka chilichonse.

Ndani sayenera kugwiritsa ntchito chipangizo cha intrauterine:

kwa akazi onse opanda pake omwe ali ndi matenda amtundu uliwonse,
ndi kukana insulini, malo omwe jakisoni amatha kupitirira mayunitsi 120 patsiku,
pamaso pa matenda a chiberekero ndi zowonjezera zina, pamakhala chiopsezo chochulukirapo,
okhala ndi hemoglobin wambiri komanso mapulateleti - motsutsana ndi matenda ashuga, mwayi wa zovuta za thromboembolic umachulukira kwambiri,
kulephera kuyendera pafupipafupi gynecologist.

Amayi a Nulliparous ayenera kusankha pakati pa mapiritsi a kondomu ndi mahomoni. Poyambirira, kukhala ndi maubale pafupipafupi, makamaka muukwati, njira zamakina zimatha kukhala cholepheretsa kuyandikira kuyanjana pakati pa okwatirana. Makondomu ali otetezeka, koma kuyesedwa kwawo kwa mayi aliyense wosakwatiwa ndi kwakukulu. Izi zimatha kubweretsa pakati posakonzekera.

Mapiritsi a mahormone sanapikisane ndi mtundu wina uliwonse wa matenda osokoneza bongo, ngakhale atakhala kuti ndi glycemia. Pali mitundu inayi ya mankhwalawa:

monophasic - ali ndi muyezo womwewo wa mahomoni kuzungulira,
magawo awiri
magawo atatu - omwe amakonda kwambiri, chifukwa amachepetsa mphamvu ya mahomoni a azimayi omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga,
postcoital - amagwiritsidwa ntchito atagonana mosadziteteza, okhala ndi mlingo waukulu wa ma gestagen, angagwiritsidwe ntchito mopitilira 2 pa mwezi.

Kulera kwakukhazikika kwa mahomoni kumasonyezedwa kwa azimayi onse omwe ali ndi matenda amtundu uliwonse wa shuga, kupatula pa zochitika zotsatirazi:

kuvulala kwamitsempha
chiwindi ntchito,
matenda osalamulirika omwe ali ndi glycemia yayikulu,
insulin kukana
kunenepa kwambiri ndi index ya thupi (BMI) yoposa 28 - kulemera kwakadali kumbuyo kwa mapiritsi kumapita patsogolo, zomwe zimayambitsa chiopsezo chachikulu cha zovuta.

Kudya kwa othandizira mahomoni kuyenera kuchitika moyang'aniridwa ndi katswiri wowachiritsa. Chenjezo makamaka mukamagwiritsa ntchito mapiritsi a mahormoni liyenera kuwonetsedwa kwa amayi omwe ali ndi matenda amtundu woyamba, popeza matenda amiseche amakhala osadalirika. Kugwiritsa ntchito njira za kulera za mahomoni ndizosayenera pazinthu zotsatirazi:

kusuta
mowa wambiri - kutengera komwe kuli matenda ashuga, chiopsezo cha ketoacidosis ndi chambiri,
kukhalapo kwa mitsempha ya varicose yam'munsi,
pasanathe miyezi isanu ndi umodzi kuchokera kuntchito iliyonse,
matenda osokoneza bongo omwe amayendetsa bwino matenda a shuga ndi zovuta za mitsempha, mitsempha yamagazi kapena maso.

Mphete ya ukazi, yomwe imayambitsidwa popanda mkazi kwa masiku 21 kulowa mu nyini, siyikulimbikitsidwa kuti mugwiritse ntchito matenda a shuga. Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa mahomoni omwe amapezeka m'matumbo (pali ma progestogen ochulukitsa nthawi zokwanira 146, monga mapiritsi wamba, ma estrojeni amawonjezeka 90-times), chitetezo cha m'deralo chimaphwanyidwa. Izi sizimangoyambitsa kuchulukitsa kwa matenda onse opatsirana mkati mwa nyini ndi chiberekero, komanso kuchepa kwa kulera. Mlingo waukulu wamahomoni umatengeka pang'ono ndi nembanemba, zomwe zingayambitse zovuta zambiri za matenda a shuga.

Pomaliza

Chifukwa chake, mosasamala mtundu wa shuga, amayi amawonetsedwa kupewa kutenga pakati kosakonzekera. Zosankha zabwino kwambiri ndi kondomu, chipangizo cha intrauterine ndi mapiritsi a mahomoni. Njira yoletsa kulera iyenera kusankhidwa payekha molumikizana ndi katswiri.

Kulera Za Matenda a shuga - Zinthu Zakale

Malinga ndi akatswiri azachipatala azachipatala komanso ma endocrinologists, matenda a shuga masiku ano satchulidwa ngati matenda, koma ngati munthu amafunika kumadziyang'anira pawokha. Ndipo kutsatira mokwanira zakudya zokwanira komanso kudya pafupipafupi kwa othandizira a hypoglycemic (wodwalayo wothandizidwa ndi mapiritsi a insulin kapena pakamwa), wodwalayo samva nkhawa, munthu atha kukhala ndi moyo wabwinobwino: kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, ntchito, kuyenda, kubereka ndi kulera ana - m'modzi m'mawu, khalani ndi kusangalala tsiku lililonse.

Mkazi yemwe ali ndi matenda ashuga amatha kubereka ana athanzi, koma ngati amayi sanatengebe pakati pamaikidwe ake, ndikofunikira kusamalira njira zodalirika zakulera zomwe zili zoyenera makamaka pa thanzi lake, chifukwa pali zinthu zina zomwe zimayambitsa matenda ashuga, zomwe zimayeneranso kukumbukiridwa. Tiyeni tikambirane funsoli mwatsatanetsatane.

Matenda a shuga ndi pakati

Ngakhale masiku ano, mwatsoka, pamakhala zochitika zambiri pomwe azimayi omwe ali ndi matenda osokoneza bongo sakhala ndi chidziwitso chokwanira chokhudza njira zodalirika zolerera. Ichi ndichifukwa chake malinga ndi ziwerengero zamankhwala:

mwa 77% ya milandu, amayi omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga sanakonzekere,
pafupifupi mphindi ziwiri zilizonse zimatenga mimba.
azimayi oposa 60% ali ndi mbiri yochotsa mimbayo yambiri.

Chifukwa chiyani nthawi zambiri azimayi amayenera kusiya kubereka? Chifukwa chachikulu, monga lamulo, ndizovuta zomwe zimakhudzana ndi matenda osokoneza bongo, oopsa ndi kufalikira kwake. Tikuyankhula za matenda amtima, ma macro- komanso micropathology, mavuto am'mimba, komanso mavuto ndi kwamikodzo.

Ngati mumasamala musanakonzekere kutenga pakati pa mwana, mutha kupewa mavuto ambiri, chofunikira, khalani odekha komanso olimbikitsa. Koyambira?

Ndikofunikira kutulutsa shuga m'magazi.

Dziwani ndi kuchiza matenda amisala komanso matenda owonjezera.

Onetsetsani kuti kubwezeretsedwa kwa matenda ashuga kwakwaniritsidwa ndipo kwatsala miyezi itatu (komanso isanu ndi umodzi) lingaliro lisanachitike.

Ngati malamulowa amasungidwa mosamala, palibe kukaikira kuti kuchuluka kwa zovuta zapakati pa kubereka ndi kubereka mwana kudzacheperachepera.

Mpaka pano, zatsimikiziridwa kuti ndi matenda osokoneza bongo a shuga, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala okhala ndi mahomoni a estrogen ngati njira zakulera ndizosayenera.Koma simuyenera kudandaula ndi izi, chifukwa pali njira zina zambiri ndi njira zopewera kutenga pakati posafuna.

Njira zotchinga (kondomu, diaphragm) - njira yosavuta, koma magwiridwe ake ntchito amakhala ochepa.

Kugonana kosokoneza - magwiridwe ake alinso otsika ndipo pamakhala chiwopsezo chakukulitsa matenda ogonana.

Njira zamankhwala (Mankhwala a Pharmatex) - mwatsoka, zovuta zoyipa sizingatheke, zotsatira zake zimakhala zazifupi, komabe, chiopsezo chotenga matenda opatsirana pogonana chimachepetsedwa kwambiri.

IUD (chipangizo cha intrauterine) ndi njira yolowerera yoberekera yomwe imagwira ntchito kwambiri, imasinthidwa mwachangu (mimba imatha kuchitika mutangochotsa), yosavuta pokhudzana ndi kusowa kwa kulumikizana mwachindunji ndi zogonana, koma pali chiopsezo chotenga mimba ya ectopic.

Mirena - Chida cha intrauterine chomwe chili ndi levonorgestrel ndi njira yothandiza kwambiri koma yolowerera. Imakhala ndi zotsutsana pang'ono ndipo imakhala ndi zotsatira zochizira.

Makina omasulira a Hormonal amasiyanitsidwa ndi kayendetsedwe ka makolo ndi njira zosavuta zogwiritsira ntchito (sabata iliyonse, pamwezi komanso nthawi yayitali). Mwachitsanzo, dongosolo lotsegulira la NovaRing ndi mphete yowonekera bwino yomwe mkazi amatha kulowa payokha.

Ma COC (ophatikiza kulera kwa pakamwa) ndi njira yothandiza kwambiri yolerera, imakhala ndi zowonjezera zowonjezera, zimatha kusintha, mankhwala akasiya, mimba imachitika msanga. Komabe, njirayi imafunikira kudziletsa kwambiri.

Zomwe muyenera kudziwa popewa kulera

Kulera kwa matenda ashuga ambiri pamutu wokwanira. Njira zakulera zambiri zamkamwa zomwe amayi amalimbikitsa zimayambitsa matenda ashuga. Ganizirani momwe angamvere mankhwala oletsa kubereka a matendawa, omwe amawopseza kuti asalandire.

Amayi omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga amalangizidwa mwamphamvu kuti akonzekere kutenga pakati limodzi ndi dokotala wazamankhwala ndi endocrinologist. Ngati kumayambiriro kwa magazi m'magazi padzakhala hemoglobin wambiri, ndiye kuti chiwopsezo cha mwana chotenga ma intrauterine pathologies a mwana wosabadwayo chikukula kwambiri. Njira ya kubereka komanso kubereka mwana ndiyovuta kwambiri.

Vutoli limakulirakulira chifukwa amayi sakhala oyenera njira zonse zakulera. Zoyipa zina zimathandizira kupangira shuga m'magazi, motero sizovomerezeka kwa odwala matenda ashuga. Ndipo ngati musankha njira yolerera yokhala ndi ntchito zochepa, ndiye kuti mwayi wokhala ndi pakati umachulukanso, womwe umadzala ndi zovuta zowopsa kwa mayi ndi mwana.

Kumbukirani kuti palibe njira imodzi yothanirana ndi kutenga pakati, kuphatikizapo OK, kupereka chitsimikizo cha zana zana.

Ndikofunika kuti njira zakulera zisapweteke mkazi ndipo ndizotetezeka. Chifukwa chake, njira zonse zakulera ziyenera kukwaniritsa zofunika izi.

Mankhwalawa sangayambitse kusokonezeka kwa mwezi.
Izi siziyenera kuchititsa azimayi kukhala osasangalala.
Zotsatira zonse zoyipa ziyenera kukhala zochepa. Makamaka, uwu ndi chiopsezo cha hyper- kapena hypoglycemia.
Ndikofunikira kuti mankhwalawa asakhudze kugonana.
Mwa zina, ndikofunikira kuti, ndi zovuta zochepa, amayi akhalebe ndi mwayi wochepa wokhala ndi pakati.
Pambuyo pa kulera, chiwopsezo cha matenda amtima sayenera kuchuluka.
Kulera sikuyenera kuyambitsa zovuta za metabolic.

Monga mukuwonera, pali zofunika zambiri pazida zotere. Ndipo ngati dokotala atakulemberani mankhwala oletsa kubereka a matenda ashuga, ndiye choyamba akuwonetsetsa kuti sakudandaula matenda ashuga.

Kulera m'matenda a shuga ndizotheka. Pali njira zambiri zothetsera kutenga pakati. Njira zomwe zimakonda komanso zotetezeka kwambiri popewa kutenga pakati ndi.

Chotchinga. Njira yovomerezeka kwambiri yopewa kutenga pakati ndi kondomu. Pali zipewa zachikazi, komabe, sizothandiza. Zisoti zina zimatha kuchepetsa kumverera panthawi yogonana.
Njira yachilendo, kapena yachilengedwe. Chofunikira chake chimakhala chakuti mkazi amayeza kutentha kwa thupi mu rectum. Njira iyi ndiyotetezedwa komanso yosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito. Komabe, ilinso ndibackback: kusowa kogwira ntchito. Ndipo ngati amayi omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga ayenera kukonzedwa pasadakhale, ndiye kuti madokotala nthawi zambiri sawalimbikitsa.
Njira yolumikizirana coitus siyimayambitsa kusowa kwa mahomoni mwa akazi. Komabe, magwiridwe ake ntchito amakhala otsika kwambiri.
Posachedwa, njira yolera yotseketsa yayamba kutchuka - amuna ndi akazi. Ma tubopian amadzimadzi amakhala ndi azimayi, ndipo ma deferens amapangira amuna. Kumbukirani kuti njira yoletsa kubereka siyisintha. Musanachite izi, muyenera kuganizira mosamala za kuopsa kwake.
Kulera kwa intrauterine kwa matenda ashuga ndikosavuta komanso kothandiza. Komabe, ndizovulaza ngati sizingatheke kapena kudwala matenda am'mimba. Potsirizira pake, pali chiopsezo chachikulu cha kutseguka kwa ma pathologies a kutupa mu chiberekero.

Ichi ndi kachitidwe kamene kamalepheretsa umuna kupita m'chiberekero. Kugwira kwake ntchito kuli pafupifupi 99 peresenti. Kuzungulira kumawonjezera mamasukidwe am'mimba. Ubwino wake ndikuti simuyenera kumwa mapiritsi owonjezera. Imakhazikitsidwa kwa zaka zisanu.

Komabe, kuzungulira kumakhala ndi zovuta zina. Choyamba, azimayi ali ndi chiopsezo cha matenda opatsirana mwa ziwalo zoberekera (ndipo matenda ashuga amakula kwambiri). Kusamba kwa azimayi omwe amakhala ndi ozungulira kumakhala kochulukirapo ndipo kumayendera limodzi ndi kupweteka kwambiri.

Ngakhale zolakwika izi, zida zama intrauterine zimachepetsa mayendedwe a shuga ndipo sizimakhudza kuwongolera matendawa.

Kugwiritsa ntchito njira zakulera za pakamwa

Zabwino ngati izi zimaphatikizapo mapiritsi omwe ali ndi estrogens ndi progestin. Gawo loyamba limapanga kuchepa kwa estradiol m'mwazi. Progestin imaperekanso njira zolerera. Kwenikweni, kulera koteroko kumatengedwa kuti mupewe kutenga pakati.

Musanayambe kugwiritsa ntchito njira za kulera za mahomoni, muyenera kupita kwa dokotala. ndikofunikira kuyang'aniridwa ndi heestasiological - ndiko kuti, kupenda magazi momwe amagwirira ntchito, ma protein.

Komabe, kuphatikiza Zabwino ndizodziwika kwambiri pakati pa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga. Ndipo zifukwa zake ndi izi:

kudalirika kwakukulu
kulolerana kwabwino, pomwe odwala ali ndi zovuta zochepa,
mukasiya kudziteteza, mutha kutenga pakati pachaka,
Mankhwalawa ali ndi njira zina zowonjezera zowonjezera, makamaka, amachotsa kusalinganika kwa mahomoni.

Pali zochitika pamene njira zakulera zophatikizira sizingagwiritsidwe ntchito. Zina mwazinthu zotsutsana ndi izi:

kulipira odwala matenda ashuga (nthawi zotere, kuchuluka kwa glycemia kumakhalabe kokwanira),
milandu pomwe matenda ashuga amakakamizidwa ndi ochepa matenda oopsa - ndi kuchuluka kwa magazi a systolic mpaka 160 mm Hg, ndi diastolic - pamwamba pa 100 mm Hg,
ngati magazi a munthu akusokonezeka, lomwe ladzala ndi magazi akulu komanso ofinya,
ngati wodwala wapanga kale ma pathologies owopsa - monga retinopathy ndi nephropathy (kale pa gawo la microalbuminuria, kulandiridwa kwa OK nkoletsedwa),
ngati mayi alibe luso la kudziletsa la matenda a shuga (chiwopsezo chowonjezeka cha zovuta).

Pali ma contraindication osiyana otenga kukonzekera kwa estrogen:

Ngati mayi ali ndi mwayi waukulu wa thrombosis (chifukwa chake muyenera kupimana mayeso),
pakamvekedwe kusokonezeka kwa mitsempha muubongo.
ngati matenda ashuga ali ovuta ndi mitundu yambiri ya chiwindi (kuphatikiza matenda enaake),
chizolowezi wamkazi
zotupa zomwe zimayamba chifukwa cha kusakwanira kwa mahomoni.

Choyamba, adotolo amafotokozera odwala mankhwala omwe ali ndi mlingo wochepa wa estrogen (gawo lotere limakhala lochepera 0,035 g). Ena mwa mankhwalawa ndi:

gawo limodzi - Marvelon, Belara, Jeanine, Chloe ndi ena,
magawo atatu - Tri-regol, Trikvilar, Milan.

Mu matenda ashuga, kulera kwamagawo ochepa a mahomoni ochepa kungatengedwenso. M'mapangidwe awo, kuchuluka kwa estrogen kumakhala kochepa kuposa mamiligalamu 20. Awa ndi Lindinet, Mercilon, Mirell ndi ena.

Klayra adapangidwa mwapadera kwa amayi omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga ndipo akufuna akwaniritse zotsatira zapamwamba pakukonzekera pakati. Mlingo wa mankhwala oterowo amatha kusintha.

Mukamwa mankhwala ophatikiza, muyenera kukumbukira kuti zimatsogolera kuchuluka kwa triglycerides m'magazi. Mapiritsi ndi owopsa kwa azimayi omwe kale anali ndi zinthu izi m'magazi asanamwe mankhwala otere. Pazovuta za lipid metabolism zolimbitsa thupi, njira zophatikiza zamkamwa zimakhala zotetezeka.

Kwa odwala matenda a shuga, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito mphete ya ukazi kuti mulowetse mahomoni m'thupi omwe amaletsa kuyambika kwa pakati posakonzekera. Chifukwa cha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa mphete ya ukazi m'magazi, mahomoni okhazikika amakhala.

Ndikofunika kuti azimayi azigwiritsa ntchito mphete ya nyini ya NovaRing. Amayilowetsa mu nyini (ndipo mkaziyo amatha kuchita izi). Tsiku lililonse limatulutsidwa m'magazi momwe mulinso mahomoni ena.

Kutalika kwa kuvala mphete kumakhala milungu itatu, kenako nkuyenera kuchotsedwa kwa masiku 7. Ubwino wake ndikuti uli ndi mphamvu zochepa pa kagayidwe kazakudya zam'mimba, pafupifupi osasokoneza. Mphete yothandiza kwambiri ndi ya azimayi omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga kuphatikiza kuwonjezeka kwa thupi.

Chifukwa chake, njira zakulera za shuga zimaloledwa. Komabe, monga zimakhalira ndi mankhwala ena, kuwongolera kagwiritsidwe kake ndi mankhwala ndikofunikira. Njira zina zakulera zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha ngati zitsimikizirani kuti ntchito kwambiri.

Manukhin I. B., Tumilovich L. G., Gevorkyan M. A. Gocrecological endocrinology: monograph. , GEOTAR-Media - M., 2013 .-- 272 p.
Tabidze, Nana Dzhimsherovna Shuga. Moyo / Tabidze Nana Dzhimsherovna. - Moscow: Russian State Humanitarian University, 2011 .-- 986 c.
Liflandsky V.G., Zakrevsky V.V., Andronova M.N. Machiritso a chakudya, m'magawo awiri. SPb., Nyumba yosindikiza "ABC", 1997, masamba 335 ndi masamba 287, kufalitsa makope 20,000.

Ndiloleni ndidziwitse. Dzina langa ndi Elena. Ndakhala ndikugwira ntchito ya endocrinologist kwa zaka zoposa 10. Ndikukhulupirira kuti pakadali pano ndili katswiri pantchito yanga ndipo ndikufuna kuthandiza alendo onse omwe amapezeka patsamba lino kuti athetse zovuta koma osati ntchito. Zinthu zonse za tsambalo amazisonkhanitsa ndikuzikonza mosamala kuti athe kufotokoza zambiri zofunikira. Musanagwiritse ntchito zomwe zikufotokozedwa pa webusayiti, kukambirana ndi akatswiri ndizofunikira nthawi zonse.