Lipidogram - kuyezetsa magazi kwa cholesterol

Chiyeso Chokwanira cha Cholesterol amatchedwanso lipid gulu kapena lipid mbiri, kuyezetsa magazi kuti mupeze zovuta mu lipids monga cholesterol (yonse, HDL ndi LDL) ndi triglycerides.

Cholesterol ndi mafuta ofewa a waxy omwe amagwira ntchito zofunika kwambiri m'thupi. Komabe, cholesterol yochuluka imatha kubweretsa:

1. matenda a mtima
2. sitiroko
3. arteriosulinosis, mitsempha yolimba kapena yolimba

Amuna ayenera kuyang'ana kuchuluka kwa cholesterol awo pafupipafupi, kuyambira azaka 35 kapena kuchepera. Kwa akazi, ndikofunikira kuti ayambe kuyeza cholesterol ali ndi zaka 45 kapena kale. Kuti mudziteteze, mutha kutenga mayeso a cholesterol zaka zisanu zilizonse, kuyambira zaka 20.

Ngati mwapezeka kuti muli ndi matenda ashuga, stroke, kuthamanga kwambiri kwa magazi, matenda aliwonse amtima, kapena ngati mukumwa mankhwala kuti muwongolere cholesterol yanu, muyenera kuyang'ana cholesterol yanu chaka chilichonse.

Mafuta m'thupi

Pakuwunika kwa magazi a biochemical, kuchuluka kwa cholesterol kumaonekera mwa magawo otsatirawa: cholesterol yathunthu, triglycerides, LDL cholesterol (otsika osaluka lipoproteins kapena LDL), HDL cholesterol (high density lipoproteins or HDL) and K_koma.

Chuma cha Atherogenic (K_koma) - Chowerengedwa chowonetsa chiopsezo chotenga matenda a atherosulinosis.

Momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito kuwerengera ndale ya magengegenic (K_koma)

komwe H ndi cholesterol yathunthu, HDL ndi cholesterol (kuchuluka kachulukidwe lipoprotein)

Zizindikiro zophatikiza

• mpaka 3 - wamba
• mpaka 4 - chizindikiro chowonjezera, kuti muchepetse zakudya zomwe mumalimbikitsa ndikuwonjezera zolimbitsa thupi
• Pamwambapa 4 - chiopsezo chachikulu chotengera atherosulinosis, chithandizo chofunikira

C cholesterol chonse

Cholesterol chonse ndi kuchuluka kwa cholesterol m'magazi. Mulingo wokwera umapangitsa chiwopsezo chachikulu cha matenda a mtima. Mokulira, cholesterol yonse iyenera kukhala pansi pa mamiligalamu 200 pa desilita (mg / dl) kapena mamililita 5.2 pa lita (mmol / l).

Kukula kwa cholesterol yonse kuyambira 3,6 mmol / l mpaka 7.8 mmol / l

Triglycerides

HDL mwa amuna ndi ochepera 1.16 mmol / L, ndipo mwa akazi ochepera 0.9 mmol / L ndi chizindikiro cha atherosclerosis kapena matenda a mtima a ischemic. Ndi kuchepa kwa HDL kudera lamakhalidwe abwino (mwa akazi 0.9-1.40 mmol / L, mwa amuna 1.16-1.68 mmol / L), titha kulankhula za chitukuko cha atherosulinosis ndi matenda a mtima. Kuwonjezeka kwa HDL kukuwonetsa kuti chiopsezo chotenga matenda a mtima ndi chochepa.

About the complication of atherosulinosis - sitiroko, werengani nkhaniyi: Stroko

Pitani pagawo lonse LABORATORY RESEARCH

LDL ("yoyipa") cholesterol

LDL Cholesterol - Low Density Lipoproteins (LDL). Nthawi zina amatchedwa cholesterol "yoyipa". Kuchuluka kwambiri m'magazi kumayambitsa kuchuluka kwa mafuta m'matumbo (atherosulinosis), komwe kumapangitsa kutsika kwa magazi.

LDL cholesterol sayenera kupitilira 130 mg / dL (3.4 mmol / L). Mulingo womwe uli pansi pa 100 mg / dl (2.6 mmol / L) ndi wofunikira, makamaka kwa matenda ashuga, mtima kapena mtima.

LDL cholesterol. Chikhalidwe kwa amuna ndi 2.02-4.79 mmol / l, kwa akazi 1.92-4.51 mmol / l.

Kulimbikitsidwa Koyimbikitsidwa

Njira yolimbikitsidwa ya LDL cholesterol (LDL) idapangidwa ndi American Heart Association, NIH ndi NCEP (2003) (zindikirani kuti kutsindika kumangokhala upangiri wachilengedwe).

LDL yayikulu yokhala ndi HDL yotsika ndiyowonjezera chiopsezo cha matenda amtima.

Njira zochepetsera milingo ya LDL

Njira yothandiza kwambiri ndikuchepetsa masitolo amafuta omwe amakhala mkati mwa m'mimba (mafuta a visceral), kuwonjezera pakuchepetsa mafuta athunthu. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kukana chakudya chokazinga, ndudu ndi mowa. Zakudyazi ziyenera kuphatikizapo zakudya zomwe zimakhala ndi mafuta ochulukirapo a polyunsaturated acids (Omega-3), zitsamba, masamba atsopano, zipatso, zipatso ndi nyemba. Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse kumalimbikitsidwanso;

Malinga ndi akatswiri, mulimonse momwe zingakhalire, chithandizo cha matenda a lipid metabolism ziyenera kuyamba ndikuchotsa zoopsa komanso kukhazikitsidwa kwa zakudya zomwe zimapangitsa kuchepetsa mafuta m'thupi. Nthawi yomweyo, ndizotheka kuganizira za kudya ngati monotherapy pokhapokha ngati wodwala ali wokonzeka kuonetsetsa pamoyo wake wonse.

Mankhwala, magulu asanu apamwamba a mankhwala amagwiritsidwa ntchito kukonza matenda a lipid metabolism:

• Inhibitors a methylglutaryl-CoA reductase ("statins"): lovastatin, pravastatin, simvastatin, atorvastatin, fluvastatin, cerivastatin, rosuvastatin, pitavastatin.
• Fibates: fenofibrate, simfibrate, ronifibrate, ciprofibrate, etofibrate, clofibrate, bezafibrate, aluminium clofibrate, gemfibrozil, clofibrid.
• Amachokera ku nicotinic acid ndi niacin: niacin (nicotinic acid), niceritrol, mowa wa nicotinyl (pyr>

Popeza ma cell a LDL alibe vuto mpaka atakhala mkati mwamakoma amitsempha yamagazi ndikuwonjezeredwa ndi ma radicals aulere, akuti lingaliro kuti kugwiritsa ntchito antioxidants ndikuchepetsa zotsatira za ma radicals aulere kungachepetse kupereka kwa LDL ku atherossteosis, ngakhale zotsatira zake siziri zomaliza.

HDL ("yabwino") cholesterol

HDL Cholesterol - High Density Lipoproteins (HDL). Nthawi zina amatchedwa cholesterol "yabwino". Moyenerera, cholesterol ya HDL iyenera kupitilira 40 mg / dl (1.0 mmol / l) kwa bambo wamwamuna komanso zopitilira 50 mg / dl (1,3 mg / dl) kwa mkazi.

HDL cholesterol. Chikhalidwe kwa amuna ndi 0.72-1.63 mmol / l, kwa akazi 0.86-2.28 mmol / l.

Njira zowonjezera HDL

Kusintha kwazakudya ndi masewera olimbitsa thupi kungakhale ndi zotsatira zabwino pakuwonjezera milingo ya HDL:

• Chepetsani kudya kosavuta kwa chakudya
• Zochita zolimbitsa thupi za aerobic
• Kuchepetsa thupi
• Magnesium zowonjezera HDL-C
• Powonjezera Zosungunulira Pakudya
• Kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta a omega-3 acids monga mafuta a nsomba kapena mafuta a flaxseed
• Mafuta a pistachio
• Kuchulukitsa kwa mafuta a CIS osapanga
• Ma chain a triglycerides apakati monga caproic acid, caposterone acid, capric acid ndi lauric acid
• Kuchotsa mafuta ac acid mu chakudya

Njira zochepetsera triglycerides

Kuchepetsa thupi komanso kudya njira zabwino kwambiri za hypertriglyceridemia.

Kwa anthu omwe ali ndi ma triglycerides ochepa kapena ochepa, kuchepa thupi, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, komanso kudya zimalimbikitsidwa. Zakudyazo ziyenera kuchepetsa ma carbohydrate (makamaka fructose) ndi mafuta, kuphatikiza mafuta a omega-3 acids kuchokera ku algae, mtedza ndi mbewu m'zakudya. Mankhwala amalimbikitsidwa kwa iwo omwe ali ndi ma triglycerides ambiri omwe samakonzedwa ndi zomwe zasinthidwa kale.

Cholesterol mu chakudya

P.S. Zomwe zili pamwambapa zikuyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pazidziwitso zokha. Zochita zilizonse zakonzanso cholesterol ziyenera kuchitika pokhapokha mukaonana ndi dokotala.

1. High osalimba lipoproteins
   https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/anuelD0 Ear9BanuelD0%B8anuelD0 EarBFanuelD0 koloBE koloD0ubaniBFanuelD1anuel80 koloD0 EarBE koloD1 kolo82 koloD0 EarB5unziD0 % B8% D0% BD% D1% 8B_% D0% B2% D1% 8B% D1% 81% D0% BE% D0% BA% D0% BE% D0% B9_% D0% BF% D0% BB% D0% BE0 % D1% 82% D0% BD% D0% BE% D1% 81% D1% 82% D0% B8
2. Lipensipensia ya M'munsi https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/anuelD0%9BanuelD0 EarB8chulaD0 koloBFanuelD0 EarBEunziD0anuelBFanuelD1 kolo80 koloD0 EarBE koloD1 kolo82 koloD0 Ear B5% D0% B8% D0% BD% D1% 8B_% D0% BD% D0% B8% D0% B7% D0% BA% D0% BE% D0% B9_% D0% BF% D0% BB% D0% BE0% D1% 82% D0% BD% D0% BE% D1% 81% D1% 82% D0% B8
3. Kuyesa kwamwazi wamagazi a biochemical https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/anuelD0 Ear91anuelD0 EarB8anuelD0%BE koloD1ubani85anuelD0 EarB8anuelD0 koloBC koloD0 koloB8 EarD1 Ear87anuelD0 kolo B5% D1% 81% D0% BA% D0% B8% D0% B9_% D0% B0% D0% BD% D0% B0% D0% BB% D0% B8% D0% B7_% D0% BA% D1% 80% D0% BE% D0% B2% D0% B8

Zida zonse ndizongowongolera zokha. Chodzikanira krok8.com

Kodi LDL ndi chiani pakuwunika magazi a biochemical?

Ma lipoproteins otsika kwambiri amatchedwa tizigawo ta cholesterol "yoyipa", yomwe imakhala ndi atherogenicity yambiri ndipo imatsogolera pakupanga zotupa za atherosranceotic zamakhoma a mtima. Mu milingo yoyambirira ya kusalinganika kwa lipid, pamene lipoproteins yotsika kwambiri imangoyamba kudziunjikira mu mtima, HDL "imagwidwa" ndikuwanyamula kupita ku chiwindi, komwe amasinthidwa kukhala bile acid.

Chifukwa chake, thupi limakhala ndi milomo yachilengedwe. Komabe, pakuwonjezereka kwa msanga kwa LDL komanso kuchepa kwa HDL, ma lipoproteins otsika samangodziunjikira mu khoma la chotengera, komanso kumayambitsa chitukuko cha kugwidwa, komwe kumayendera limodzi ndi kuwonongeka kwa ulalo wa elastin, kutsatiridwa ndi kusintha kwawo ndi minofu yolumikizika yolimba.

Kodi ma lipoproteins otsika kwambiri ndi ati?

Cholesterol ndi membala wa gulu la steroid. Magazi amakhala nalo ngati gawo la mankhwala omwe amapanga zoyendetsa. Kuphatikiza kumeneku kumatchedwa lipoproteins kapena lipoproteins. Gawo laling'ono lazinthu izi lilibe ufulu. Cholesterol choterechi chimawonedwa ngati chofala - sichimagwira ntchito yayikulu pakukula kwa mtima ndi ischemia ndi zina zomwe zimayenderana ndi mtima. Mwa mitundu yofunika kwambiri ya cholesterol, pali:

1. HDL cholesterol, i.e. mkulu osachulukitsa lipoprotein. Mtunduwu umawerengedwa kuti "wothandiza."
2. LDL cholesterol, i.e. otsika osalimba lipoproteins. Fomuyi ndi "yoyipa"

Pafupifupi 70% ya kuchuluka kwa cholesterol yomwe ili ndi madzi a m'magazi ndi ya LDL. Zimadziwika ndi mfundo yoti imatha kukhala pamakoma amitsempha yamagazi kwa nthawi yayitali kuposa HDL. Pachifukwachi, kuwonjezeka kwa cholesterol kotereku kumabweretsa kudzikundikira kochuluka m'njira zamatenda a atherosselotic ndi matenda osiyanasiyana okhudzana ndi mtima.

Kuyesa kwa magazi kwa cholesterol ndi mawonekedwe a lipid

Ngati malangizo ochokera kwa dokotala akuphatikizira mawu ngati lipidogram, ndiye kuti mwasankhidwa:

• kuyezetsa magazi kwathunthu kwa cholesterol,
• kuphunzira zamankhwala ocheperako a lipoproteins,
• kuphunzira zamankhwala apamwamba a lipoproteins,
• kusanthula kwa triglycerides.

Kutengera zolemba za phunziroli, adokotala ali ndi zofunikira zomwe zingamuthandize kuwunika momwe wodwalayo alili, komanso kudziwa mtundu wa maphunzirowo kapena chiwopsezo chotenga chiwindi, impso, matenda amtima kapena autoimmune pathologies. Kuyesedwa kwa magazi kokha kwa cholesterol sikumakhala ndi chidziwitso chochuluka ngati mbiri ya lipid, chifukwa chake, imagwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha pakuwona mphamvu ya mankhwalawa.

Momwe mungapereke mayeso a cholesterol

Pa kudalirika kwa zotulukapo, kusanthula kumafunikira kukonzekera koyenera, komwe kumawonetsedwa kwa ana ndi akulu. Nthawi yolimbikitsidwa yotenga magazi m'mitsempha ndi m'mawa. Kusanthula komwe kumaperekedwa pamimba yopanda kanthu, ndipo mawa ndikwabwino kupatula zochitika zolimbitsa thupi ndi zakudya zamafuta. Mutha kuchita mu labotale yachilengedwe, pagulu kapena panokha. Potsirizira pake, mtengo wofufuzira ndi pafupifupi 200 r. Chifukwa chake, ndikwabwino kuti musankhe nthawi yomweyo kafukufuku wamankhwala onse a lipid, omwe mtengo wake ndi 500 r. Madotolo amalimbikitsa nthawi imodzi mu zaka 5 kuti alembe kusanthula kotero, ndipo patatha zaka 40 ndikwabwino kuchita chaka chilichonse.

Mafuta a cholesterol m'mwazi

Lipidogram imawonetsa zingapo:

• kuchuluka kwa cholesterol - OXS,
• HDL cholesterol - HDL cholesterol,
• kuchuluka kwa cholesterol ya LDL - LDL cholesterol,
• mulingo wa triglyceride - TG,
• index ya atherogenic - CA kapena IA.

LDL cholesterol ndi zizindikiro zina mwa akazi zimasiyana. Kuchuluka kwa zonse kuyenera kukhala m'magawo 2.9-7.85 mmol / L. Zonse zimatengera zaka. Chikhalidwe cha LDL mwa akazi pambuyo pa zaka 50 ndi 2.28-5.72 mmol / L, ndipo ali aang'ono kwambiri - 1.76-4.82 mmol / L. Zizindikiro zomwezo, za cholesterol ya HDL zokha ndi 0.96-2.38 mmol / L ndi 0,93-2.25 mmol / L.

Kuchuluka kwa cholesterol ya LDL mu thupi laimuna ndikovomerezeka ngati phindu lake silikupitilira malire a 2.02 mpaka 4,79 mmol / L. Mlingo wa HDL ndi wosiyana pang'ono ndipo umakhala 0.98-1.91 mmol / l, zomwe zimadziwika kwa amuna ochepera zaka 50. Paukalamba kwambiri, mtengo wamtunduwu umasiyana kuchokera pa 0.72 mpaka 1.94 mmol / L. Chizindikiro cha cholesterol yathunthu iyenera kukhala pamtunda kuchokera 3,6 mpaka 6.5 mmol / L.

Kwa mwana wazaka za 5-10, chizolowezi cha LDL cholesterol chimawerengedwa kuti ndi chamtengo wapatali kuyambira 1.63 mpaka 3.63 mmol / L. Mu mwana wazaka zapakati pa 10 ndi 10, phindu ili silisintha ndipo limachokera ku 1.66 mpaka 3.52 m'magulu amodzi. Pazaka 15-18, kuchuluka kwa cholesterol ya LDL kuyenera kukhala pamtunda kuchokera pa 1.61 mpaka 3.55 mmol / L. Ziphokoso zina zimatheka kutengera mtundu wa mwana: mwa atsikana msinkhu wake umakhala wokwera pang'ono kuposa anyamata.

Kukwanira kwa atherogenic

Kukhala ndi zotsatira za mbiri ya lipid, mutha kuwerengera kuchuluka kapena cholembedwa cha atherogenicity, chomwe chimawonetsa kuchuluka kwa cholesterol "choyipa" ndi "chabwino" m'magazi. Pali mitundu iwiri yowerengera chidziwitso:

• KA = (OXC - HDL cholesterol) / LDL,
• KA = LDL cholesterol / HDL cholesterol.

Malinga ndi njira, zikuwonekeratu kuti kuti mudziwe zoyenera kuchita pa atherogenic, ndikofunikira kugawa kusiyana pakati pa cholesterol yathunthu ndi HDL kukhala cholesterol ya LDL, kapena mwangopeza quotient yochokera ku cholesterol "choyipa" ndi "chabwino". Kubweza kwa phindu lomwe wapeza kumachitika molingana ndi izi:

1. Ngati CA ili yochepera 3, ndiye kuti chitukuko cha atherosulinosis chimakhala ndi chiopsezo chochepa.
2. Ngati SC ili pamtunda kuyambira 3 mpaka 4, ndiye kuti mwayi wokhala ndi atherosulinosis kapena mtima ischemia ndiwokwera.
3. Ngati CA ndi wamkulu kuposa 5, ndiye kuti chiopsezo cha atherosulinosis ndichipamwamba kwambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, zotupa zam'mimba, matenda a ubongo, mtima, impso kapena miyendo zimatha.

Zoyenera kuchita ngati LDL cholesterol itakwezedwa kapena kutsitsidwa

Ngati cholesterol ndi yokwera kuposa yachilendo, ndiye kuti zifukwa zake ndi izi:

• matenda a chiwindi
• matenda a endocrine, mwachitsanzo, matenda a shuga,
• kagayidwe kachakudya matenda
• kusuta ndi kumwa kwambiri,
• kunenepa
• chakudya chopanda malire
• kumangokhala
• kuthamanga kwa magazi.

Mutha kuwongolera vutoli ndikubweretsa cholesterol mwachangu mothandizidwa ndi zakudya zapadera, zolimbitsa thupi ndi mankhwala. Omalizirawa amayamba kutenga kale povuta kwambiri. Monga katundu pamasewera amatha kuthamanga kapena kuyenda. Ponena za zokonda za kukoma, mudzayenera kusiya:

• tchizi cholimba
• mayonesi ndi zovala zina zamafuta,
• masoseji,
• kuphika ndi confectionery katundu,
• kirimu, kirimu wowawasa,
• mankhwala omalizidwa
• mafuta a masamba
• nyama yamakala yamafuta.

M'malo mwake, muyenera kudya zamadzimadzi zatsopano zomwe zikupsa, zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba zatsopano, nsomba zam'nyanja, makamaka nsomba ndi sardine. Kuphika bwino kumakhala kuphika kapena kuphika.Za zakumwa, tiyi wobiriwira amatha kuchepetsa cholesterol. Vinyo amathandizika ndi izi, amakhala wofiyira komanso wovomerezeka. Kutsitsa LDL ndi zotsatira za zakudya zochepa zama calori, chifukwa chake, kuwonjezera pazakudya, sizifunikira chithandizo chapadera.

Pakati pa mankhwala omwe amatsutsana ndi cholesterol yayikulu, ma statin amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri, mwachitsanzo, Lovastatin, Atorvastatin, Fluvastatin kapena Rosuvastatin. Izi zimatha kuchepetsa kupanga ma enzyme. Zomera zina zimakhala ndi statin. Izi zikuphatikizapo wort wa St. John, hawthorn, fenugreek, lemongrass, Rhodiola rosea. Mutha kuzigwiritsa ntchito mu decoctions kapena tinctures.

Kodi cholesterol imalowa bwanji m'thupi?

Ngakhale maselo onse mthupi lathu amatha kupanga cholesterol, thupi lathu limakonda kulandira izi ndi chakudya. Tiyenera kudziwa kuti thupi la munthu silingathe kuwononga mamolekyulu a cholesterol. Amachotsedwa m'thupi laumunthu limodzi ndi bile, chifukwa cha ntchito ya chiwindi. Iyi ndi njira yokhayo yoyeretsera thupi la cholesterol. Ma acids omwe ali ndi bile amatha kuphwanya mafuta omwe amalowa mthupi limodzi ndi chakudya chothandizira kupezedwa bwino.

Tsoka ilo nthawi zina, cholesterol imakhala gwero la mavuto osiyanasiyana azaumoyo. Izi zimachitika kawirikawiri cholesterol level (LDL level) ikakhala yabwinobwino. Momwe cholesterol imayenda m'thupi lathu limodzi ndi magazi, mphamvu zake zochulukazo zimayamba kudziunjikira m'makoma amitsempha. Popita nthawi, amasintha kukhala mafuta omwe amatha kusokoneza magazi kapena ngakhale mitsempha yathunthu. Izi zikachitika ndi mitsempha yomwe imapereka magazi kumtima, wodwalayo amakula myocardial infaration. Monga mukudziwira, matendawa amatha kupha.

Kuchokera pamenepa titha kunena kuti mamolekyulu amafuta amatha kubweretsa zabwino komanso zovulaza m'thupi la munthu.

Cholesterol chabwino komanso choyipa

Monga tanenera pamwambapa, mamolekyulu a cholesterol ndi amtundu womwewo. Amapezeka mu malonda a nyama: nyama yamwana wankhumba, nkhumba, nkhuku, nsomba, mwanawankhosa, nsomba zam'nyanja, ndi zina zotere. Mafuta a cholesterol amatengera chakudya.

Kodi timasiyanitsa bwanji cholesterol choyipa ndi chabwino? Izi zimapangidwira poganizira komwe kuli ma cell a cholesterol komanso kutsika kwawo. Chifukwa chake, cholesterol ndi mafuta, ndipo mafuta amafunika mapuloteni ndi lipids kuti azizungulira kudzera m'mitsempha pamodzi ndi magazi. M'malo ang'onoang'ono awa omwe amatchedwa lipoproteins, cholesterol, mapuloteni, ndi triglycerides amabisika. Umu ndi momwe amayendera kudzera muzombo zathu.

Lipoproteins, poganizira kuchuluka kwa zinthu zomwe zili pamwambazi, zitha kugawidwa m'magulu atatu:

1. Lacensity low lipoproteins (VLDL, Low Low Density Lipoproteins) ili ndi mafuta ochulukirapo komanso triglycerides.

2. Lacensity low lipoproteins (LDL, Low Density Lipoproteins) amasiyana zamafuta awo, omwe amayang'anira 75% ya cholesterol m'thupi la munthu.

3. Pomaliza, lipoproteins yapamwamba (HDL, High Density Lipoproteins), yokhala ndi mapuloteni komanso mafuta ambiri.

Cholesterol yoyipa (LDL)

Ndizinthu izi zomwe zimayendetsa mafuta ambiri. Amatenga ndi chiwindi ndikuzipereka ku maselo a minofu ya thupi la munthu kudzera m'magazi. Mundu wa LDL atangokulira kwambiri, cholesterol imayamba kuyikika m'makoma a mitsempha, ndikuyambitsa mavuto osiyanasiyana azaumoyo. Mwachitsanzo, izi zimawonjezera mwayi wokhala ndi vuto la mtima. Chifukwa chake mtundu uwu wa lipoprotein umatchedwa "woyipa."

Cholesterol wabwino (HDL)

Ma lipoproteins a HDL okwera amakhala ndi udindo wonyamula cholesterol ku chiwindi ndi cholinga chotsata chinthuchi m'thupi la munthu. Mwanjira ina, lipoprotein yamtunduwu imathandiza kuyeretsa matupi athu amadzimadzi a cholesterol. Izi zimagwiranso ntchito m'mitsempha yathu. Kuchuluka kwa ma lipoprotein awa ndi kwabwino thanzi lathu komanso kumatiteteza kumatenda. Pazifukwa izi, cholesterol lipoproteins amatchedwa "zabwino."

Zizindikiro za High Cholesterol

Ngakhale thupi nthawi zambiri limabweretsa chidwi chathu pakupanga matenda mothandizidwa ndi zizindikiro zosiyanasiyana, izi sizichitika ngati kuchuluka kwa cholesterol m'magazi kukwera. Mafuta amapitilira kudziunjikira m'thupi la wodwalayo, osatumiza zizindikiro. Chifukwa chake, anthu ena amafikira kwambiri cholesterol m'thupi popanda chizindikiro.

Kumbali inayo, vuto ili litapitirira, wodwalayo amatha kusokonezeka ndi matenda am'mimba, kulowetsedwa kwa myocardial, matenda am'mimba, angina pectoris, zovuta zamavuto komanso zovuta kunena.

2. Kuphatikizidwa kwa mafuta osakwaniritsidwa muzakudya

Mafuta abwinowa amapezeka muzakudya monga mafuta a maolivi, mtedza, mafuta ochokera ku mbewu zosiyanasiyana, nsomba (nsomba zamtambo, sardines, nsomba). Monga mukuwonera, mafutawa amapezeka osati mu nsomba zokha, komanso m'zakudya zachikhalidwe, mwachitsanzo, walnuts ndi mbewu.

3. Zakudya zambiri zam'mera

Zinthu zamasamba (zipatso, masamba, nyemba) zimakhala ndi mafuta ochepa owononga. Zimachitika kuti mumakhala mafuta osasunthika. Izi zikutanthauza kuti muzinthu zotere mulibe cholesterol. Tiyeneranso kukumbukira kuti zakudya zopangidwa ndi mbewu zimakhala ndi ma sterols omwe amathandizira kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa mamolekyulu amafuta m'magazi.

Zidadziwika kuti kudya zakudya zamafuta ambiri kumakhala ndi phindu pa thanzi la anthu ambiri.

7. Pewani mafuta odzaza pazakudya zanu.

Mazira, zinthu monga mkaka, batala, nyama ndi masoseti nawonso ndi gawo la chakudya chopatsa thanzi. Komabe, musatengeke kwambiri ndi zinthu izi. Ndikofunikira kuwonetsetsa kuti alibe mafuta a trans. Izi zimatha kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwamafuta m'magazi. M'pofunika kukana zakudya zopatsa mphamvu kwambiri, komanso zakudya zopatsa mchere komanso shuga.

Zogulitsa zomwe zimakhala ndi mafuta ambiri, cholesterol ndi mchere ziyenera kutayidwa kwathunthu. Izi zikuphatikiza makeke, yokazinga, makeke, mipiringidzo ya chokoleti ndi koloko.

Chifukwa chake, titha kunena kuti: cholesterol ili ndi gawo lofunikira machitidwe aumunthu. Ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti tizitha kusunga mafuta osalapawa. Tikukhulupirira kuti chidziwitso ichi chakukhulupirirani zakufunika kokhala ndi moyo wathanzi. lofalitsidwa ndi econet.ru.

Kodi mumakonda nkhaniyo? Kenako tithandizireni kanikiza:

Lowensens lipoproteins

Lowensens liporrheins (komanso dzina lalifupi LDL, otsika kachulukidwe lipoprotein cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, ldl) amatchedwa gulu la lipoproteins yamagazi. Amayeza mmol / L. Nthawi zina amatchedwa cholesterol "yoyipa" chifukwa chakuti ndiye atherogenic kwambiri, mosiyana ndi lipoproteins yapamwamba kwambiri, yomwe tidzakambirana pambuyo pake. Amapangidwa ndi hydrolysis ya ochepa osachulukitsa lipoprotein pogwiritsa ntchito lipoprotein lipase ndi hepatic lipase. Atherogenicity ndi chizindikiro cha chiopsezo chotenga matenda a atherosulinosis.

Ndizodziwika kuti zomwe zili mwachilengedwe za triacylglycerides zimachepa, ndipo kuchuluka kwa lipoproteins kotsika kumawonjezeka. T.O. LDL ndi gawo lotsiriza mu kagayidwe ka lipids zopangidwa m'chiwindi. Ntchito yawo ndikusamutsa cholesterol, triacylglycerides, tocopherols, carotenoids, etc.

Ponena za kapangidwe kake, tinthu timaphatikizanso apolipoprotein, kamene kamakhazikitsa kapangidwe ka lipoprotein kotsika.

LDL ndi matenda

Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, ntchito ya LDL ndikupereka cholesterol ku zimakhala. Akuluakulu LDL kumabweretsa atherosulinosis. Madipoziti amawonekera pamakoma a mitsempha yayikulu ndi yapakatikati, ndipo ntchito za mtima zimatha. Pali kulumikizana pakati pa mulingo wa LDL komanso kuthekera kokulira kwa matenda omwe amachitika chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa mtima, kupindika kwa lipid, komanso kusowa kwa mtima wa khoma la endothelium. Izi zimabweretsa mavuto am'deralo komanso a dongosolo la hemodynamic, zomwe zimayambitsa kuwonongeka kwa myocardial, stroko. Ndizodziwika kuti lipoproteins yaying'ono yotsika kwambiri imakhala atherogenic.

Ponena za mitundu ya cholowa, cholowa chamabadwa chimasiyanitsidwa.

Ngati mukupatuka pazofunikira zomwe akuwonetsa, akuwonetsa kuti akhoza kukhala ndi matenda a mtima ndi ischemic.

Kodi chiwopsezo cha LDL yayikulu ndi chiani?

Kukula kwa atherosulinosis kumayendera limodzi ndi kuchepa kwakukulu kwa khoma la mtima, kutsekeka kwa mphamvu ya chotengera chifukwa cha kuthamanga kwa magazi, komanso kuchepa kwa lumen ya chotengera chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa mapangidwe a atherosranceotic plagi (kuchuluka kwa LDL, VLDL, triglycerides, ndi zina). Zonsezi zimabweretsa kutsekeka kwa magazi, kuwonjezeka kwa mapangidwe a microthrombi ndi kusokonekera kwa magazi.

Kutengera komwe kukhazikika kwa zotupa zamatenda a atherosulinotic, zizindikiro zimayamba:

• IHD (coronary arteriosulinosis),
• Inc (m'munsi miyendo ischemia chifukwa chotupa cha atherosulinotic chotupa cha miyendo ndi m'mimba msempha),
• ubongo ischemia (kupendekera kwa lumen kwa ziwiya za khosi ndi ubongo), ndi zina zambiri.

Kodi LDL imapezeka kuti?

Mlingo wa LDL ndi chiopsezo chokhala ndi matenda amtima ndi mtima. Kwambiri mlingo wa otsika kachulukidwe lipoprotein mu magazi, ndi mwayi waukulu wodwala kukhala kwambiri pathologies a mtima dongosolo.

Kuchita magazi pafupipafupi ku LDL kumakuthandizani kuti mupeze vuto la lipid pakapita nthawi ndikusankha zakudya zomwe zingachepetse lipid ndipo ngati pakufunika kutero, njira yodzakonzera kuchuluka kwa cholesterol.

Kusanthula kumeneku kumalimbikitsidwa kamodzi pachaka kuti kufikire anthu onse azaka zopitilira 35. Ngati pali zovuta zomwe zingayambitse matenda a mtima, kuyezetsa magazi kungachitike pafupipafupi. Komanso, kusanthula kukuwonetsedwa ngati wodwala ali:

• kunenepa
• matenda ashuga
• matenda a chiwindi
• matenda a chithokomiro,
• chifuwa chachikulu ndi cholecystitis,
• madandaulo a kupuma movutikira, kufooka kwa minofu, kutopa, chizungulire, kuiwala kukumbukira,
• madandaulo a kupweteka m'miyendo, kukulitsidwa poyenda, kusuntha kwamphamvu, kuzizira kwamiyendo ndi manja, kuchepa kapena kufupika kwa miyendo, ndi zina zambiri.

Ma lipoproteins otsika kwambiri pakayezetsa magazi amawunikiranso pa nthawi yomwe ali ndi pakati. Dziwani kuti kuwonjezeka koyenera kwa cholesterol panthawi yobala mwana ndikwabwinobwino ndipo sikutanthauza kulandira chithandizo. Komabe, pakuwonjezeka kwakukulu kwa milingo ya ma lipoproteins otsika, chiopsezo chotaya mimbayo, kuchepa kwa magazi a fetoplacental, kutaya padera, kuchepa kwa fetus, kubereka asanabadwe, etc.

Kuchuluka kwa LDL ndi cholesterol ya HDL pa nthawi yoyembekezera kungathenso kuonetsa ngozi zakuya kwa toxicosis, komanso kutaya magazi nthawi yobereka.

Zomwe zimayambitsa kukula kwa atherosulinosis ndi pathologies a mtima dongosolo

Nthawi zambiri, cholesterol ya LDL imakwezedwa mu:

• osuta
• odwala omwe amamwa mowa, mafuta, osenda ndi kusuta zakudya, maswiti, ufa, etc.
• odwala onenepa kwambiri odwala matenda ashuga,
• anthu otsogola.
• odwala matenda osowa tulo komanso opsinjika pafupipafupi,
• odwala omwe ali ndi mbiri yolemetsa yabanja (achibale omwe ali ndi mtima wamtima).

Komanso, LDL m'magazi imakwera pamaso pa matenda a chiwindi, kapamba, kuchepa kwa vitamini, cholowa cholowa cholid, ndi zina zambiri.

Zisonyezero za kusanthula kwapacroteins otsika kwambiri

Mbiri ya lipid imayesedwa:

• kutsimikizira kapena kukana kukhalapo kwa zotupa zamatenda a atherosselotic,
• ndikuwunika kwathunthu kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a chiwindi, kapamba, jaundice, komanso ma pathologies a endocrine system.
• Mukamawunika odwala omwe ali ndi vuto la cholowa cholowa,
• kuwunika kuopsa kwa matenda a mtima komanso kudziwa kuchuluka kwa matendawa.

Kuwerengera kwa mphamvu ya atherogenic kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyesa kuchuluka kwa cholesterol yathunthu (OH) komanso lipoproteins yapamwamba, komanso chiwopsezo cha kuwonongeka kwakukulu kwa mitsempha ya atherosulinotic. Kuchuluka kwake, kumakhala koopsa.

Cooleffic atherogenic = (OH-HDL) / HDL.

Nthawi zambiri, chiŵerengero cha HDL chokwanira cholesterol (LDL + VLDL ndi HDL) chimakhala kuyambira 2 mpaka 2,5 (mfundo zovomerezeka zazimayi ndi 3.2, ndipo kwa amuna 3.5).

Mulingo wa otsika osalimba lipoproteins

Zinthu zamtundu wa LDL zimatengera kudwala komanso zaka. Muyezo wa LDL m'magazi a azimayi panthawi yoyembekezera umakwera pokhapokha kutalika kwa bere. Pakhoza kukhalanso kusiyana pang'ono pamagwiritsidwe mukamadutsa mayeso mu ma labotore osiyanasiyana (izi zimachitika chifukwa cha kusiyana kwa zida ndi ma reagents omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito). Pankhaniyi, kuwunika kwa LDL m'magazi kuyenera kuchitika kokha ndi katswiri.

LDL yodziwika mwa amuna ndi akazi

Kusiyana kwa jenda mu kusanthula ndi chifukwa cha kusiyana kwa kuchuluka kwa mahomoni. Mwa akazi, asanasiye, kuchuluka kwa estrogen kumachepetsa cholesterol ya LDL m'magazi. Izi zimathandizira kuti pakhale chitetezo chamthupi chodziteteza ku atherosulinosis ndi mtima pathologies. Mwa amuna, chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa androgens, kuchuluka kwa LDL m'magazi kumakweza pang'ono kuposa azimayi. Chifukwa chake, ali ndi kutchulidwa kwambiri kwa atherosclerosis adakali aang'ono.

LDL cholesterol patebulo mwa zaka za amuna ndi akazi:

Kodi zikutanthauza chiyani ngati lipoproteins yotsika kwambiri imakwezedwa

LDL cholesterol imakwezedwa mwa odwala:

• osiyanasiyana cholowa lipid kusagwirizana (hypercholesterolemia ndi hypertriglyceridemia),
• onenepa kwambiri
• kwambiri aimpso matenda a kupezeka kwa nephrotic syndrome, kulephera kwaimpso,
• cholocha chotchinga,
• endocrine pathologies (shuga mellitus, zikhalidwe za hypothyroidism, adrenal gland matenda, polycystic ovary syndrome, etc.),
• kutopa kwamanjenje.

Cholinga cha cholesterol yokhala ndi chinyengo chocheperako pakuwunika kungakhale kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa mankhwala osiyanasiyana (beta-blockers, diuretics, glucocorticosteroid mahormoni, etc.).

LDL cholesterol yotsitsidwa

Milingo yotsika ya LDL imatha kuwonedwa mwa odwala omwe ali ndi cholowa hypolipidemia ndi hypotriglyceridemia, kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi, malabsorption m'matumbo (malabsorption), myeloma, kupsinjika kwakukulu, kupuma kwamtundu wamapazi thirakiti, etc.

Komanso cholestyramine ®, lovastatin ®, thyroxine ®, estrogen, etc., zimabweretsa kuchepa kwa milingo ya lipid.

Momwe mungachepetse cholesterol ya LDL m'magazi

Mankhwala onse ochepetsa lipid ayenera kufotokozedwa ndi dokotala wotsatira zotsatira za mayesowo. Monga lamulo, kukonzekera kwa statin (lovastatin ®, simvastatin ®), sequestrants ya bile acid (cholestyramine ®), fibrate (clofibrate ®), ndi zina zotchulidwa.

Ma multivitamini ndi othandizira okhala ndi magnesium ndi omega-3 amalimbikitsidwanso. Malinga ndi zomwe zikuwonetsa, kupewa thrombosis (antiplatelet agents ndi anticoagulants) akhoza kukhazikitsidwa.

Momwe mungachepetse cholesterol ya LDL popanda mankhwala?

Zakudya ndi kukonza kwa moyo zimachitika monga njira yofunika kuwonjezera pa mankhwala.Monga njira zakudziyimira payokha, zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha poyambira atherosulinosis.

Pankhaniyi, tikulimbikitsidwa kuwonjezera zolimbitsa thupi, kuchepetsa thupi, kusiya kusuta fodya ndi kudya zakudya zomwe zili ndi mafuta ambiri.