Mankhwala Ovuta Kukulimbana ndi Matenda A shuga

Mu shuga mellitus, kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi chizindikiro choyambira komanso chofananira. Imachitika chifukwa cha kupindika kwa insulin yambiri m'magazi, kuchepa kwa lumen ya mitsempha yamagazi motsutsana ndi maziko a atherosulinosis komanso kuwonjezeka kwa thupi. Hypertension mu anthu oterewa imayambitsa chiopsezo chotulutsa ma pathologies ambiri omwe amatsogolera kulumala kapena kufa msanga. Zotsatira zake, mapiritsi opsinjika mu matenda a shuga amasankhidwa ndi dokotala payekhapayekha, poganizira zonse zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha matendawa komanso zaka za wodwalayo.

Chikhalidwe chachikulu cha mankhwala a antihypertensive

Mankhwala ayenera kukwaniritsa izi:

• Ndi kuchepa kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi, kupezeka kwa zovuta kumachepetsedwa.
• Zilibe kukhudza chakudya ndi lipid metabolism.
• Imateteza mtima ndi impso ku mavuto obwera chifukwa cha matenda oopsa.

Mankhwala othandizira odwala matenda ashuga

Pali mitundu ingapo ya mankhwala omwe amachepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino pochiza matenda oopsa:

• Osamvera ACE.
• Ma calcium calcium.
• Othandizira okodzetsa.
• Beta-blockers ndi vasodilating kwenikweni.
• Ma blockers a Alfa amasankha.
• Angiotensin receptor antagonists.

Zofunika! Dokotala amayenera kupereka chithandizo chamankhwala kwa wodwala aliyense. Kuphatikiza kolakwika kwa mankhwala kungayambitse imfa. Ndizoletsedwa kachitidwe kokhala nokha.

ACE amaletsa atsogoleri polimbana ndi matendawa

Angiotensin-converting enzyme blockers ndi gulu lochita bwino kwambiri la mankhwala kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda oopsa komanso matenda a shuga a 2. Machitidwe a pharmacological cholinga chake ndikuchepetsa kupsinjika, kuchepetsa nkhawa zama minofu ya mtima, kumathetsa kukula kwa mtima kulephera.

Amakanizidwa kutenga iwo m'malo otere:

• Nthenda yamapapo kapena mphumu ya bronchial.
• Ngati kulephera kwa impso kukhazikitsidwa m'mbiri yachipatala, ndiye kuti mankhwalawo amayenera kumwedwa mosamala, komanso kuwunika kwa magazi, kuyang'anira kuchuluka kwa creatinine ndi Ca m'magazi.
• Mimba komanso kuyamwa.

Gululi la mankhwala limayambitsa kukula kwa mitsempha ya impso, kotero ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mosamala odwala omwe ali ndi mbiri ya atherosulinosis.

Zofunika! Mukamamwa zoletsa ACE, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti muchepetse mchere womwe mumamwa. Tsiku lililonse zosaposa 3 magalamu.

Mankhwala odziwika bwino ndi awa:

Mapiritsi a Captopril ndi ambulansi pa zochitika zadzidzidzi chifukwa chakuwonjezeka kwadzidzidzi.

Ma calcium Antagonists a Type 2 Diabetes Patients

Ma calcium calcium blockers ali ndi mphamvu yokhalitsa, amatha kuchitapo kanthu pochita matenda oopsa, koma ali ndi zotsutsana zawo. Agawidwa m'mitundu iwiri:

Chimodzi mwazifukwa zofunika kwambiri za kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi kusintha kwa kagayidwe ka calcium chifukwa chosowa magnesium. Ndipo limagwirira ntchito ya mankhwala umalimbana ndikuchepetsa mphamvu ya calcium m'misempha ya mtima, makhoma amitsempha yamagazi ndipo potero amateteza kukula kwa ma spasms. Kutuluka kwa magazi kwa ziwalo zonse zofunika kumalimbikitsidwa.

Contraindication kuti agwiritse ntchito:

• Mbiri yakale ya angina pectoris.
• Kukula kwa kulephera kwa mtima.
• Gawo lazovuta la sitiroko.
• Hyperkalemia

Kuchokera pagululi, mankhwala otsatirawa ndi omwe atchulidwa:

Verapamil amalimbikitsidwa kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga nephropathy - amateteza impso ku zotsatira zoyipa za shuga m'magazi. Ndikofunikira kumwa kuphatikiza ndi ACE inhibitors.

Ma diuretics - othandizira othandizira

Kuwonjezeka kwa kuchuluka kwa sodium ndi kuchuluka kwa madzi m'thupi kumapangitsa kuti magazi azungulira, zomwe ndizofunikira zomwe zimawonjezera kuthamanga kwa magazi. Anthu omwe amakhala ndi shuga wambiri amamva mchere, womwe umawonjezera vutoli. Ma diuretics ndi chida chabwino kwambiri polimbana ndi vutoli.

Mankhwala a diuretic amawerengedwa kuti:

• Thiazide - ali ndi malo kumbali: amakhudza kwambiri shuga ndi cholesterol, ziletsa impso ntchito.
• Osmotic - mwina kumadzetsa hyperosmolar chikomokere.
• Loopback - kugwiritsa ntchito mosafunikira kwa mapiritsiwa kungayambitse hypokalemia ndi mtima arrhythmias.
• Potaziyamu-yosungika - contraindicated mu aimpso kulephera.
• Zoletsa za carbonic anhydrase - mbali yosatsutsika ndi gawo loperewera lomwe silikupereka zotsatira zomwe mukufuna.

Mwa onse okodzetsa, poganizira zotsatira zoyipa za matenda a shuga a 2, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti mutenge mapiritsi olowerera. Zochita zawo zimayang'ana pakupititsa patsogolo ntchito ya impso. Woperekedwa kuti muchepetse edema, pitani bwino ndi ACE inhibitors. Popeza chovuta ndikuchotsa potaziyamu m'thupi, ndikofunikira kubwezeretsanso muyeso wa chinthu ichi mothandizidwa ndi mankhwala owonjezera omwe akufanana ndi kudya kwawo.

Njira zabwino kwambiri za gulu lodutsa poyimiridwa ndi mankhwalawa:

Kuchiza pokhapokha ngati pali diuretic mankhwala osagwira, ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ena a antihypertensive.

Ma Safe Banger Beta blockers

Mankhwala ofunikira pakuthana ndi arrhasmia, matenda oopsa komanso matenda a mtima a ischemic. Siyanitsani mankhwalawa m'magulu atatu:

• Kusankha komanso osasankha - kumakhudza maselo a kapamba, kuchepetsa kuchepa kwa insulin. Zotsatira zabwino pa ntchito ya mtima. Onjezerani kuchepa kwa matenda ashuga a mtundu 2.
• Lipophilic ndi hydrophilic - zimaphatikizana ndi matenda ashuga, chifukwa zimapangitsa kuti pakhale matenda a hepatic komanso kusokoneza metabolid.
• Vasodilating - zimathandiza kagayidwe kazakudya. Koma ali ndi zovuta zingapo zoyipa.

Mankhwala otetezeka a matenda oopsa amatha kusiyanitsidwa ndi matenda a insulin omwe amadalira mtundu 2:

The pharmacological kanthu cholinga chake kukulitsa chiwopsezo cha minyewa ku mahomoni ndi kupita patsogolo kwa kagayidwe kachakudya njira.

Zofunika! Beta-blockers amachita chiwonetsero cha kusowa kwa potaziyamu m'thupi, chifukwa chomwe kuikidwa kumachitika moyang'aniridwa ndi achipatala.

Kusankha Alamu Oteteza

Ubwino wa mankhwalawa ndikuti mphamvu zawo cholinga chake ndikuchepetsa zotupa za mitsempha ndi mathero awo. Amadziwika ndi kuphatikiza: amakhala ngati opatsirana, mankhwala a vasodilating ndi antispasmodic. Zimathandizanso kuti mashuga azikhala pachiwopsezo cha insulin komanso shuga wambiri, zomwe ndizofunikira kwa matenda ashuga a 2.

Choipa chake ndikuti amatha kupangitsa zinthu izi:

• Orthostatic hypotension - imatha kupezeka makamaka mwa wodwala matenda a shuga.
• Kudziwika kwa edema.
• Kukula kwa tachycardia kosalekeza.

Zofunika! Kuvomerezeka kwa alpha-blockers pakulephera kwa mtima kumatsutsana kwambiri.

Pa chithandizo cha nthawi yayitali, mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito:

Angiotensin 2 receptor antagonists m'malo mwa ACE zoletsa

Chida chapadera chomwe chimakhala ndi zotsatira zoyipa zochepa ndipo chimadziwika ndi zotsatira zopindulitsa thupi. Chotsani hypertrophy ya kumanzere kwamtima, kuletsa kukula kwa myocardial infarction, kulephera kwaimpso, kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha stroke.

Wodwala akayamba chifuwa chowuma panthawi ya mankhwala ndi zoletsa za ACE, ndiye kuti dokotala amalimbikitsa kumwa ARA. Mankhwalawa ndi ofanana mu kapangidwe ka mankhwala, kusiyana kokha kwa contraindication ndi zotsatira zoyipa.

Onaninso: Mndandanda wa mapiritsi opanikizika samayambitsa chifuwa

Zabwino kwambiri kuchokera pagulu la angiotensin receptor antagonists:

Pa mankhwala, ndikofunikira kuwongolera kuthamanga kwa magazi, kuchuluka kwa creatinine ndi potaziyamu m'magazi.

Mapiritsi ochepetsa matenda a shuga a shuga akupezeka kwambiri pamsika wamankhwala. Koma osadzinyalanyaza ndikumwa mankhwala oyamba omwe amabwera, apo ayi amabweretsa zotsatira zoyipa kwambiri. Chifukwa chokhacho chodziwitsa okhazikika omwe angapeze chithandizo chofunikira chokha chitha kukwaniritsidwa.