Kuzindikira kwa insulin kukaniza: ndi chiyani, malamulo a moyo wa wodwalayo

Kufunika kwa insulin mu kagayidwe kachakudya ka thupi la munthu nkovuta kwambiri kudya. Chimachitika ndi chiyani ndi kukana insulini? Chifukwa chiyani zimawonekera ndipo zingakhale bwanji zowopsa? Werengani zambiri za izi, komanso kuphwanya mphamvu ya insulin pazinthu zosiyanasiyana komanso za mankhwalawa.

Kodi kukana insulin ndi chiyani?

Kukana insulini ndikuphwanya kwa kagayidwe kachakudya poyankha zochita za insulin. Umu ndi momwe ma cell omwe amakhala ndi mafuta ambiri, minofu ndi chiwindi amasiya kuyankha zotsatira za insulin. Thupi limapitiliza insulin synthesis mwachangu, koma siligwiritsidwa ntchito moyenera.

Mawuwa amagwira ntchito pa kuthana ndi mapuloteni, lipids ndi zochitika zina zam'mimba. Izi zitha kukhudza dongosolo lililonse la metabolic, kapena onse nthawi imodzi. Pafupifupi matenda onse azachipatala, kukana insulini sikuzindikirika mpaka kuwonekera kwa ma metabolism mu metabolism.

Zakudya zonse mthupi (mafuta, mapuloteni, chakudya) monga malo osungirako mphamvu zimagwiritsidwa ntchito masana tsiku lonse. Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha zochita za insulin, popeza minofu iliyonse imayimilira mosiyanasiyana. Makinawa amatha kugwira ntchito moyenera kapena ayi.

Mtundu woyamba, thupi limagwiritsa ntchito chakudya ndi mafuta popanga mamolekyulu a ATP. Njira yachiwiri imadziwika ndi kukopa kwa mapuloteni pazolinga zomwezo, chifukwa chomwe zotsatira za anabolic zama glucose zimachepa.

1. Kulenga kwa ATP,
2. shuga insulin kwenikweni.

Zifukwa zachitukuko

Asayansi sangatchulepo zifukwa zenizeni zomwe zimapangitsa munthu kuyamba kulimbana ndi insulin. Ndizodziwikiratu kuti imawonekera mwa omwe amakhala ndi moyo wongokhala, wonenepa kwambiri, kapena wongobadwa nawo. Zomwe zimayambitsa izi zitha kukhalanso njira zamankhwala osokoneza bongo ndi mankhwala ena.

Ngati chimodzi mwa mfundo zotsatirazi ndichabwinobwino mwa inu, ndiye kuti mutha kusokonezeka kwambiri ndi insulin sensitivity:

Zizindikiro zakuchitika

Kuchepa kwa insulin kukhudzika kumatha kuphatikizidwa ndi zizindikiro zina. Komabe, ndizovuta kuzindikira izi zokha mwa iwo.

Ndi kukana insulin mwa munthu, zizindikiro zotsatirazi zimawonekera:

• Zimakhala zovuta kwa wodwala kuti azikhala ndi chidwi, chikumbumtima chake chizikhala nthawi zonse,
• Pali shuga wambiri m'magazi,
• Kufalikira. Mafuta ambiri am'mimba amachokera ku zakudya zamatumbo. Popeza kuchuluka kwa chakudya m'mimba kumachepa, ntchito yam'mimba imachepa,
• Nditatha kudya, nthawi yomweyo ndikufuna kugona,
• Olimba amalumpha pamagazi.

Zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale insulin kukana

Zomwe zimayambitsa kukana insulini sizikudziwika. Amakhulupirira kuti zimatha kubweretsa zovuta zomwe zimachitika pamlingo wambiri: kuchokera pakusintha kwa molekyulu ya insulin komanso kusowa kwa insulin receptors kumavuto ndi kufalikira kwa chizindikiro.

Asayansi ambiri amavomereza kuti chifukwa chachikulu chowonekera cha kukana insulini komanso matenda ashuga ndi kusowa kwa chizindikiro kuchokera ku molekyulu ya insulini kupita ku maselo a minyewa yomwe glucose yochokera m'magazi amayenera kulowa.

Izi zingachitike chifukwa chimodzi kapena zingapo:

1. Kunenepa kwambiri - Amaphatikizidwa ndi insulin kukana mu 75% ya milandu. Ziwerengero zikuwonetsa kuti kuwonjezeka kwa kulemera kwa 40% kuchokera ku chizolowezi kumabweretsa kutsika komweko kwa kutsika kwa chidwi cha insulin. Chiwopsezo china cha kusowa kwa metabolic ndi kunenepa kwambiri kwam'mimba, i.e. pamimba. Chowonadi ndi chakuti minofu ya adipose, yomwe imapangidwa pakhoma lamkati lakumbuyo, imadziwika ndi zochita zapamwamba za metabolic, ndikuchokera kuti kuchuluka kwakukulu kwamafuta acid kumalowa m'magazi.
2. Mitundu - kufalitsa majini okonzeratu ku insulin kukana matenda a shuga ndi matenda a shuga. Ngati achibale apafupi amakhala ndi matenda ashuga, mwayi wokhala ndi zovuta za insulin sensitivity ndiwambiri kwambiri, makamaka ndi moyo womwe simungawutchule wathanzi. Amakhulupirira kuti kukana koyambirira kunapangidwira kuthandiza anthu. Munthawi yokhutitsidwa bwino, anthu amapulumutsa mafuta, mwa anjala - okhawo omwe anali ndi malo ochulukirapo, ndiye kuti, anthu omwe ali ndi insulin kukana, adapulumuka. Zakudya zambiri masiku ano zimabweretsa kunenepa kwambiri, matenda oopsa komanso matenda ashuga.
3. Kulephera kuchita zolimbitsa thupi - kumabweretsa chakuti minofu imafuna zakudya zochepa. Koma ndi minofu yam'mimba yomwe imadya 80% ya shuga kuchokera m'magazi. Ngati maselo am'mimba amafunikira mphamvu zambiri kuti athandizire ntchito zawo zofunika, amayamba kunyalanyaza insulin yomwe imanyamula shuga mwa iwo.
4. M'badwo - Pambuyo zaka 50, kuthekera kwa kukana insulini ndi matenda ashuga ndi 30% kuposa.
5. Chakudya chopatsa thanzi - kudya kwambiri zakudya zopatsa thanzi, kukonda shuga wowonjezera kumayambitsa shuga m'magazi, kupanga insulini mwachangu, chifukwa chake, kusafuna kwa maselo amthupi kuzizindikiritsa, zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a shuga.
6. Mankhwala - Mankhwala ena amatha kuyambitsa matenda kudzera mu insulin - kufala kwa corticosteroids (mphumu

Zizindikiro zake

Popanda kuyesa, ndizosatheka kudziwa kuti maselo amthupi adayamba kuwona bwino kwambiri insulini yomwe idalandiridwa m'magazi. Zizindikiro za kukana insulini zitha kupezeka chifukwa cha matenda ena, kugwira ntchito mopitirira muyeso, zotsatira za kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi:

• kulakalaka
• kuzindikira, kuvutika kukumbukira chidziwitso,
• kuchuluka kwa mpweya m'matumbo,
• ulesi ndi kugona tulo, makamaka pambuyo pambiri yodyera,
• kuchuluka kwa mafuta pamimba, mapangidwe a "lifebuoy",
• kukhumudwa, kukhumudwa,
• nthawi ndi nthawi mumatuluka magazi.

Kuphatikiza pazizindikirozi, dokotala amayesa chizindikiro cha kukana insulin asanapange matenda. Wodwala ngati wodwala matendawa amakhala ndi vuto lochulukitsa pamimba, ali ndi makolo kapena abale ake omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga, azimayi amakhala ndi ma polycystic ovaries kapena matenda amiseche pa mimba.

Chizindikiro chachikulu cha kupezeka kwa insulin kukokana ndi kuchuluka kwa m'mimba. Anthu onenepa kwambiri amawunika mtundu wa kunenepa kwambiri. Mtundu wa gynecoid (mafuta amadzaza pansi m'chiuno, kuchuluka kwakukulu m'chiuno ndi matako) ndikotetezeka, zovuta zama metabolic sizichulukana nawo. Mtundu wa Android (mafuta pamimba, mapewa, kumbuyo) umalumikizidwa ndi chiwopsezo chachikulu cha matenda ashuga.

Zolemba za kusokonekera kwa insulin kagayidwe kake ndi BMI ndi chiuno mwa chiuno (OT / V). Ndi BMI> 27, OT / OB> 1 mwaimuna ndi OT / AB> 0,8 mwa mkazi, ndizotheka kwambiri kuti wodwalayo ali ndi insulin resistance syndrome.

Chizindikiro chachitatu, chomwe mwina ndi 90% chimaloleza kukhazikitsa kuphwanya - wakuda acanthosis. Awa ndi madera a khungu lokhala ndi pigmentation yowonjezereka, yomwe nthawi zambiri imakhala yolimba komanso yolimba. Zitha kukhala pamapewa ndi mawondo, kumbuyo kwa khosi, pansi pa chifuwa, pazolumikizana za zala, m'mphepete komanso m'miyendo.

Kuti atsimikizire matendawa, wodwala yemwe ali ndi zizindikiro ndi zolemba pamwambapa amayesedwa kuyesa kwa insulin, kutengera komwe matendawa adatsimikiza.

Kuyesa

Mu Laboratories, kusanthula komwe kumafunikira kuti kudziwa momwe maselo amafunira insulin nthawi zambiri kumatchedwa "Kuunika kwa Insulin Resistance."

Momwe mungaperekere magazi kuti mupeze zotsimikizika:

1. Mukalandira chithandizo kuchokera kwa dokotala yemwe wakupezekerani, kambiranani naye zamndandanda wazamankhwala, njira zakulera komanso mavitamini omwe atengedwa kuti asatenge omwe angakhudze magazi.
2. Tsiku loti lisanachitike, muyenera kuletsa maphunzirowo, yesetsani kupewa zovuta komanso zolimbitsa thupi, osamwa zakumwa zomwe zimakhala ndi mowa. Nthawi ya chakudya chamadzulo iyenera kuwerengedwa kuti isanatenge magazi Maola 8 mpaka 14 apita.
3. Yesetsani mayeso pamimba yopanda kanthu. Izi zikutanthauza kuti m'mawa ndizoletsedwa kutsuka mano, kutafuna chingamu chomwe mulibe shuga, kumwa zakumwa zilizonse, kuphatikizapo zosaphatikizidwa. Mutha kusuta kutatsala ola limodzi kuti ayendere labala.

Izi ndizofunikira pakukonzekera kuwunikiraku chifukwa chakuti kapu yoletsa khofi, itamwa nthawi yolakwika, imatha kusintha kwambiri zowonetsa shuga.

Pambuyo poti kusanthula kwafotokozedwa, ndalamayi yotsutsa insulini imawerengeredwa mu labotale potengera kuchuluka kwa glucose wamagazi ndi kuchuluka kwa insulini m'madzi a m'magazi.

Mlozera wa insulin

Kuyambira kumapeto kwa zaka 70s zapitazo, kuyezetsa kwakukulu kwa hyperinsulinulin kunawonedwa ngati muyeso wa golide woyesa zochita za insulin. Ngakhale kuti zotsatira za kuwunikirako zinali zolondola kwambiri, kukhazikitsidwa kwake kunali kogwira ntchito kwambiri ndipo kunafunikira zida zabwino zaluso la labotale. Mu 1985, njira yosavuta idapangidwira, ndipo kudalirika kwa insulin kukana ndi data ya mayeso a clamp kudatsimikiziridwa. Njirayi imakhazikitsidwa pa mtundu wa masamu wa HOMA-IR (mtundu wa homeostatic) wodziwitsa kukana kwa insulin.

Mlozera wotsutsa wa insulini amawerengedwa malinga ndi njira yomwe idafunikira chidziwitso chochepa - basal (kusala) glucose yomwe ikuwonetsedwa mu mmol / l ndi insulin insulin mu μU / ml: HOMA-IR = gluxose x insulin / 22.5.

Mlingo wa HOMA-IR, womwe umawonetsa kusowa kwa metabolic, umatsimikizika potengera zowerengera. Kafukufuku adatengedwa kuchokera pagulu lalikulu la anthu ndipo mndandanda wamawonekedwe amawerengedwa. Zomwe zidanenedwa ngati kuchuluka kwa magawo 75 a magawidwewo mwa anthuwa. Kwa magulu osiyanasiyana a anthu, zisonyezo zamkati ndizosiyana. Njira yodziwira insulin m'magazi imawakhudzanso.

Ma labotor ambiri amayika khomo kwa anthu azaka zapakati pa 20-60 zaka 2.7 zamisonkhano wamba. Izi zikutanthauza kuti kuwonjezeka kwa index ya kukhudzana ndi insulin pamwambapa 2.7 kukuwonetsa kuphwanyidwa kwa kumva kwa insulin ngati munthuyo sakudwala matenda ashuga.

Momwe insulin imayang'anira kagayidwe

Insulin m'thupi la munthu:

• imalimbikitsa kusamutsa shuga, amino acid, potaziyamu ndi magnesium mu minofu,
• kumawonjezera masitolo a glycogen mu minofu ndi chiwindi,
• amachepetsa mapangidwe a shuga m'magazi a chiwindi,
• zimathandizira kapangidwe ka mapuloteni ndikuchepetsa kutsika kwawo,
• imalimbikitsa mapangidwe wamafuta acid komanso kupewa kutsekeka kwamafuta.

Ntchito yayikulu ya insulini ya mahomoni m'thupi ndi kutulutsa shuga kuchokera m'magazi kupita kumaselo am'misempha ndi mafuta. Zoyambazo ndi zomwe zimapangitsa kupuma, kusuntha, kuthamanga kwa magazi, chakudya chomaliza chosunga zakudya. Kuti glucose alowe minofu, iyenera kudutsa nembanemba. Insulin imamuthandiza pamenepa, mophiphiritsa, amatsegula chipata cha khola.

Pa membrane wa khungu ndi puloteni yapadera, yopanga magawo awiri, yotchulidwa a ndi b. Imasewera gawo la receptor - zimathandiza kuzindikira insulin. Poyandikira membrane wa cell, molekyulu ya insulini imamangirira ku-subunit ya receptor, pambuyo pake imasintha malo ake molekyulu ya mapuloteni. Njirayi imayambitsa ntchito ya b-subunit, yomwe imayendetsa chizindikiro kuti iyambe kugwira ntchito kwa ma enzyme. Zomwezo, zimapangitsa kuyenda kwa mapuloteni onyamula a GLUT-4, amasunthira ku zimagwira ndi kuphatikiza nawo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti glucose idutse kuchokera m'magazi kulowa mu cell.

Mwa anthu omwe ali ndi insulin kukana matenda komanso odwala ambiri omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga 2, izi zimayambira pachiyambi pomwe - ena mwa olandilira sazindikira insulin m'magazi.

Mimba ndi Insulin Resistance

Kukana kwa insulini kumabweretsa shuga wokwanira wamwazi, yemwe amapangitsa kuti ntchito ya pancreatic iwonjezeke, komanso matenda a shuga. Mlingo wa insulin m'magazi umachuluka, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti minofu ya adipose iwonjezeke. Mafuta ochulukirapo amachepetsa mphamvu ya insulin.

Chozungulira chozungulira ichi chimayambitsa kulemera kwambiri ndipo chimatha kubala. Cholinga chake ndikuti minofu ya adipose imatha kupanga testosterone, ndikuwonjezereka kwa momwe mimba singatheke.

Chosangalatsa ndichakuti kukana insulini panthawi yovomerezeka ndizachilendo, kumakhala kwathupi lathupi. Izi zikufotokozedwa ndikuti glucose ndiye chakudya chachikulu cha mwana wakhanda m'mimba. Nthawi yayitali kwambiri, ndiye kuti pakufunika. Kuchokera pa trimester yachitatu ya shuga, mwana wosabadwayo amayamba kusowa, placenta imaphatikizidwa ndikuwongolera komwe ikuyenda. Imasunga mapuloteni a cytokine, omwe amapereka insulin kukana. Pambuyo pa kubala mwana, chilichonse chimabwerera kumalo ake ndipo zamphamvu za insulin zimabwezeretseka.

Mwa amayi omwe ali ndi thupi lolemera komanso zovuta zapakati, kukana insulini kumatha kupitilira kubereka, zomwe zimawonjezera chiwopsezo chawo cha matenda ashuga.

Kodi kuchitira insulin kukana

Zakudya ndi zolimbitsa thupi zimathandiza kuchiza insulin kukana. Nthawi zambiri, zimakhala zokwanira kubwezeretsa chidwi cha maselo. Kuti muchepetse njirayi, nthawi zina amatipatsa mankhwala omwe amatha kuyendetsa kagayidwe.

Doctor of Medical Science, Mutu wa Institute of Diabetesology - Tatyana Yakovleva

Ndakhala ndikuphunzira matenda a shuga kwa zaka zambiri. Zimakhala zowopsa anthu ambiri akamwalira, ndipo makamaka amakhala olumala chifukwa cha matenda ashuga.

Ndithamangira kunena mbiri yabwino - Endocrinological Research Center ya Russian Academy of Medical Sayansi yakwanitsa kupanga mankhwala omwe amachiritsa odwala matenda ashuga mellitus. Pakadali pano, kugwiritsa ntchito bwino kwa mankhwalawa kuyandikira 98%.

Nkhani ina yabwino: Unduna wa Zaumoyo wateteza kukhazikitsidwa kwa pulogalamu yapadera yomwe imalipira mtengo wa mankhwalawo. Ku Russia, odwala matenda ashuga mpaka Meyi 18 (kuphatikiza) nditha kuipeza - Kwa ma ruble 147 okha!

Chakudya chopangira insulin

Zakudya zokhala ndi insulin kukana ndi kusowa kwa zopatsa mphamvu zimachepetsa mawonetseredwe ake m'masiku ochepa, ngakhale musanayambe kulemera. Kuchepetsa ngakhale makilogalamu 5-10 a kulemera kumakulitsa mphamvu ndikuyambiranso mayankho a maselo ku insulin. Malinga ndi kafukufuku, odwala omwe ali ndi insulin, koma popanda matenda ashuga, pomwe amachepetsa thupi, adakulitsa chidwi cha maselo ndi 2% ndi 16%.

Zakudya zozikidwa pa kusanthula zimapangidwa ndi dokotala woganizira momwe wodwalayo alili. Ndi lipids yabwinobwino yamagazi ndi kuwonjezereka pang'ono, zimalimbikitsidwa kuti mafuta ochepera 30% azipeza kuchokera ku mafuta ndikuletsa kudya zamafuta osaphatikizika. Ngati kulemera kwa thupi kumafunika kuchepetsedwa kwambiri, kuchuluka kwa mafuta muzakudya kuyenera kuchepetsedwa kwambiri.

Ngati mulibe matenda a shuga, kuchepetsa zamagalimoto kuti muchepetse shuga m'magazi sikofunikira. Asayansi sanapeze ubale pakati pa kuchuluka kwa shuga muzakudya ndi mphamvu zam'maselo. Chizindikiro chachikulu cha zakudya zoyenera ndikuchepetsa thupi, zakudya zilizonse, kuphatikiza carb yotsika, ndizoyenera pazolinga izi. Chofunikira chachikulu ndikusowa kwa zopatsa mphamvu, zomwe zimapereka kuchepa kwa thupi.

Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi pafupipafupi

Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kumathandizira kuti mugwiritse ntchito zopatsa mphamvu, motero, zimathandizira kuchepetsa thupi.Izi sizokhazo zabwino zokhuza kagayidwe kachakudya. Zinapezeka kuti gawo lamaphunziro la mphindi makumi asanu ndi limodzi limathetsa masitolo a minofu ya glycogen ndikuwonjezera kukoka kwa glucose m'magazi 2 nthawi, izi zimatha kwa maola 48. Izi zikutanthauza kuti kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi katatu pa sabata osagwirizana ndi matenda a shuga kumathandizira kuthana ndi maselo.

Ntchito zotsatirazi ndizokonda:

1. Aerobic kulimbitsa thupi kuyambira mphindi 25 mpaka ola limodzi, pomwe kugunda kwamphamvu kwa 70% kumapitilira.
2. Kulimbitsa kwambiri kulimbitsa mphamvu pogwiritsa ntchito ma seti angapo komanso ma reps ambiri.

Kuphatikiza kwa mitundu iwiriyi ya ntchito kumapereka zotsatira zabwino kwambiri. Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kwa nthawi yayitali kumawonjezera chidwi cha maselo osati kwa nthawi yochepa chabe pambuyo pamakalasi, komanso kumapanganso chikhalidwe chabwino chochepetsera kukana kwa insulin panthawi yoperewera. Sport imatha kuchiza komanso kupewa vutoli.

Mankhwala

Ngati kusintha kwa moyo sikokwanira, ndipo kusanthula kukupitiliza kuwonetsa chiwonetsero cha HOMA-IR, chithandizo chotsutsana ndi insulin, kupewa matenda ashuga ndi zovuta zina zimachitika pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a metformin.

Glucophage ndi mankhwala oyamba omwe adakhazikitsidwa, opangidwa ndikupanga ku France. Imasintha chidwi cha maselo kuti apange insulini, koma sangathe kulimbikitsa kapangidwe kake ndi kapamba, chifukwa chake osagwiritsidwa ntchito pa matenda a shuga 1. Kuchita bwino kwa Glucophage kumatsimikiziridwa ndi maphunziro ambiri pazamulo zonse zamankhwala zokhala ndi umboni.

Tsoka ilo, metformin mu Mlingo wambiri nthawi zambiri imayambitsa zovuta zina mwanjira ya mseru, kutsegula m'mimba, kulawa kwazitsulo. Kuphatikiza apo, zimatha kusokoneza kuyamwa kwa vitamini B12 ndi folic acid. Chifukwa chake, metformin imayikidwa muyezo wotsika kwambiri, womwe umayang'anitsitsa chithandizo cha kuchepa thupi komanso masewera olimbitsa thupi.

Glucophage ili ndi ma analogi angapo - mankhwala omwe amafanana kwathunthu ndi mawonekedwe ake. Odziwika kwambiri ndi Siofor (Germany), Metformin (Russia), Metfogamm (Germany).

Onetsetsani kuti mwaphunzira! Kodi mukuganiza kuti kuyamwa kwa mapiritsi ndi insulini kwa nthawi yonse yokhayo ndi njira yokhayo yothanirana ndi shuga? Sichowona! Mutha kutsimikizira izi nokha ndikuyamba kuzigwiritsa ntchito. werengani zambiri >>

Kukana kwa insulini - ndi chiyani m'mawu osavuta

Ngati mukulongosola kukana kwa insulini m'mawu osavuta, zikutanthauza kuti munthu amapanga insulin yokwanira, koma chiwindi, minofu ndi minyewa ya adipose samawona.

Amalephera kutengera timadzi tambiri, ndipo chifukwa chake, shuga samatengedwa kuchokera ku chakudya, ndipo zambiri zimakhalabe m'magazi. Maselo samalandira mphamvu yofunikira, ndipo mamolekyulu a glucose amawononga makoma amitsempha yamagazi. Kuchepetsa chidwi cha insulin kumalepheretsa kuthana ndi kuchotsedwa kwamafuta, kumasokoneza mapangidwe apamwamba a mapuloteni.

Matendawa amatha kuonekera pawokha kapena pambuyo pa matenda ena (matenda oopsa, kunenepa kwambiri, matenda a shuga a 2). Kuwonetsedwa kwa kukana insulini kulibe zizindikiro zilizonse, koma kumayambitsa kusokonezeka kwa metabolic kapena kuwonjezeka kwa ma pathologies omwe alipo.

Ndipo izi ndizambiri za insulin ya mahomoni.

Zolinga za maonekedwe

Zomwe anaphunzira za kukana insulini zikuphatikizapo:

• kupsinjika
• kudya kwambiri
• maswiti owonjezera ndi ufa, fructose (wogwirizira shuga),
• kusala
• mimba
• kusowa kwa magalimoto,
• kunenepa
• achinyamata, kusintha kwa thupi (kusintha kwa mahomoni),
• ukalamba
• matenda
• kwambiri aimpso ndi kwa chiwopsezo cha hepatic,
• cholowa cham'tsogolo (matenda ashuga, matenda oopsa, kunenepa kwambiri mwa abale a magazi).

Mitundu ya matenda

Zomwe maselo amapita ku insulin zimatengera kupezeka kwa matenda, mahomoni, kagayidwe, komanso kamapezeka mwa anthu athanzi. Chifukwa chake, pali mitundu iwiri yayikulu - yokhudza thupi (yopanda matenda) komanso yokhudza matenda. Loyamba ndi:

• pa mimba
• mwa achinyamata
• muukalamba
• chifukwa owonjezera zopatsa mphamvu mu zakudya (makamaka shuga ndi mafuta).

Kukaniza kwa mahomoni timadzi timeneti kumayamba chifukwa cha zomwe zimayambitsa matenda. Pali mitundu 3:

• kusinthana - mtundu 2 shuga, mtundu 1 wa matenda ashuga kwambiri, ketoacidosis (kudzikundikira kwa matupi a ketone chifukwa chosowa insulini), kunenepa kwambiri, kusala kudya kwanthawi yayitali, poyizoni wa mowa,
• mahomoni - amayamba chifukwa cha matenda amtundu wa endocrine: gland ya pituitary (acromegaly, Itsenko-Cushing), chithokomiro cha chithokomiro (hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism), gren adrenal gortisol, pheochromocytoma).
• non-endocrine - matenda oopsa, impso, chiwindi, matenda, ntchito, kutentha kwambiri, kulephera kwa magazi, matenda a autoimmune (mwachitsanzo, nyamakazi).

Zotsatira popanda chithandizo

Zotsatira zazikulu za kukana insulini zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi mafuta osokoneza thupi ndi kagayidwe kazakudya:

• atherosulinosis ndi mtima ndi mtima matenda - angina pectoris, matenda oopsa, chiwopsezo cha matenda a mtima, kugunda kwa mtima, kusokonezeka kwa magazi m'munsi m'munsi, kuchuluka kwa mafuta m'chiwindi ndi kapamba (kuchepa kwamafuta a ziwalo),
• mtundu 2 shuga mellitus - amadziwika ndi kuwonongeka kwa mtima khoma (angiopathy), pakupita nthawi, kumabweretsa kuchepa kwa kuwona, ntchito ya impso, komanso kusamva pang'ono kwa miyendo.

Zizindikiro zake

Palibe zizindikiro zomwe zingasonyeze molondola kukana insulini, chifukwa chake zosadziwika mosazindikirika zimaganiziridwa:

• kuchuluka kwa mafuta m'chiuno (ndi icho ndi mkati mwa ziwalo zamkati zimadzaza),
• kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi mutu, kuwonjezereka komanso pafupipafupi, chizungulire, kufiira kwa nkhope,
• kusintha kwa shuga m'magazi - matenda a njala, ludzu, kutopa nthawi zonse, kusachedwa, kukhumudwa,
• mawonetsedwe akhungu - kuda kwa khungu m'mizere (pansi pa malaya, tiziwongola tating'ono, pakhosi), mwina kuterera,
• kuchuluka zimachitika mahomoni ogonana amuna mu akazi - polycystic ovary, kukula kwambiri kwa tsitsi kumaso ndi miyendo, khungu lamafuta, kuchepa kwa tsitsi, ziphuphu, kusamba kwa msambo kulephera.

Kodi kukana insulini kumapezeka bwanji?

Popeza chizindikiro cha kukana insulini sichimveka, odwala mwina samapita kwa endocrinologist kapena amathandizidwa ndi mtima, neurologist, gynecologist matenda ophatikizika. Kuzindikira kwa kukana insulini nthawi zambiri kumachitika mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda a shuga komanso kunenepa kwambiri.

Pa mayeso, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti muwunike mayendedwe otsatirawa:

• kuyesedwa kwa glucose - wodwalayo amayeza shuga posachedwa, ndiye kuti amatenga njira yothetsera shuga, pambuyo pa mphindi 60 miyezo ibwerezedwa,
• kuwerengetsa kwa insulin kukhudzana - kutsimikiza insulin m'magazi, shuga pamimba yopanda kanthu, ndi kuwerengera kwamawonekedwe,
• kuyezetsa magazi kwa C-peptide (insulin preursor), cholesterol ndi kachulukidwe kachulukidwe lipoprotein, akuphwanya yankho la mahomoni pamwambo wabwinobwino.

Momwe mungasungire kusanthula

Kuti mupeze zodalirika zowunika za kukana insulini, ndikofunikira kuzitenga molingana ndi malamulo:

• bwerani ku labotale pamimba yopanda kanthu, mutatha kudya pang'ono osachepera 8, koma osaposa maola 12, m'mawa mumangomwa madzi oyera okha,
• Pamaso kusanthula, simungathe kusuta, kusewera masewera, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi ndi kuwunika (ultrasound, tomography, x-ray),
• ndikofunikira kufunsa dokotala yemwe adakutumizani kokayezetsa magazi ndi mankhwala angati komanso masiku angati omwe muyenera kusiya, makamaka mankhwala ochepetsa shuga, mahomoni, njira zakulera zam'mapiritsi,
• kumwa moledzeretsa ndi zoletsedwa patsiku, koma kusintha kwakukulu pakudya sikuyenera kupangidwa, chifukwa izi zingasokoneze kuzindikira kwa matenda a metabolic,
• Masiku 1-2 kusanachitike mayeso, kupsinjika ndi kupsinjika kwakuthupi kuyenera kupewedwa, ngati pali matenda owopsa, ndibwino kuchedwetsa kusanthula mpaka kuchira.

Kodi insulin sensitivity factor?

The insulin sensitivity factor ndi zomwe zimachitika munthu akamayendetsa jakisoni. Muyenera kuti muzidziwa kuti muwerengere kuchuluka kwa mahomoni omwe amafunikira kuti shuga amuyamwidwe. Amawerengeredwa mosasamala mtundu wa shuga mellitus kwa odwala onse omwe amalembedwa mosalekeza. Pambuyo pakuyeza kwa glucose, muyezo wowongolera wa mahomoni umayambitsidwa ndipo pambuyo pa mphindi 30 muyeso wachiwiri umachitika. Pafupifupi, gawo limodzi la insulin limatha kutsitsa shuga ndi 2 mmol / L.

Ndikofunikira kwambiri kupenda zam'maso ngati wodwala ali ndi zizindikiro zotere:

• kunenepa
• kuchuluka m'chiuno
• kuthamanga kwa magazi
• apamwamba kuposa cholesterol abwinobwino komanso otsika kachulukidwe lipids (malinga ndi kuyezetsa magazi).

Odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga, kuphwanya mayankho kumayendedwe a mahomoni amayamba chifukwa:

• kuphwanya zakudya mwatsatanetsatane,
• kukhazikitsidwa kwa Mlingo waukulu
• kuphatikiza matenda
• kupsinjika
• kuukira kwa hypoglycemia (dontho lakuthwa la shuga).

Onani vidiyoyi pazokhudza insulin:

Metformin yotsutsa insulini

Ndi kukana kwa insulin, Metformin imayikidwa ngati chakudya, kudya kwake kumakwaniritsa zakudya ndikuwonjezera ntchito zamagalimoto. Chofunikira chachikulu cha mankhwalawa chikulepheretsa kupangika kwa shuga mu chiwindi, kubwezeretsa zomwe maselo ake amakhala ndi minofu, minyewa ya adipose ku insulin.

Mlingo woyambirira ndi 500 mg, kuwonjezeka kumachitika pang'onopang'ono, osati kangapo kamodzi pa sabata. Mlingo watsiku ndi tsiku amasankhidwa ndi dokotala. Ndikofunikira kuyesa kuyesa kwa magazi munthawi yamankhwala. Mankhwala ndi contraindised mu:

• matenda akulu a impso,
• kumwa mowa
• mimba
• Kuperewera kwa okosijeni (hypoxia) kwa komwe kunachokera - kusokonekera kwa mtima, mapapu, kuchepa magazi, kutentha thupi, matenda.

Metformin ndi mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito monga Siofor, Glucofage, Metamine, Metfogamma, Langerin.

Momwe mungachiritsire kukana kwa insulin ndi kunenepa kwambiri

Kukana kwa insulin ndi kunenepa kwambiri kumathandizidwa ndi zakudya ndikuwonjezera zolimbitsa thupi. Ngati sakwanira, onjezani mankhwala osokoneza bongo (Xenical, Meridia, Glucophage), m'malo ovuta kwambiri, kuchitidwa ntchito kuti muchepetse kuchuluka kwa m'mimba kumathandiza.

Adipose minofu imatulutsa zinthu zokhala ndi zochitika za m'madzi. Amayambitsa kukana kwa insulini ndipo amalepheretsa kuwonongeka kwa mafuta. Chifukwa chake, ndi kunenepa kwambiri, bwalo loipa limapangidwa - kulemera kowonjezera palokha kumakhala komwe kumakulitsa.

Pali malingaliro oyenera a sayansi okonda kuwonda:

• kuwerengetsa kuchepa kwa mphamvu patsiku, zopatsa mphamvu zonse za calorie ziyenera kukhala 300-400 kcal, pomwe zina 150-200 kcal ziyenera kuwotchedwa pogwiritsa ntchito katundu - izi ndi pafupifupi mphindi 30 mpaka 40 zolipiritsa ndi kuchuluka kwakukulu,
• Zakudya zimamangidwa pamasamba ambiri (kupatula mbatata, beets yophika, kaloti, maungu), nsomba yophika kapena yophika, nyama, mafuta ophikira amkaka,
• mafuta sayenera kupitirira 25% ya zopatsa mphamvu zonse, zomwe mpaka 10% ya nyama,
• kukanidwa kwa ufa oyera, shuga.

Pakatha mwezi umodzi, zotsatira za mankhwala osagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala zimayesedwa ndipo, mosakwanira, mankhwalawa amawonjezeredwa kuti achepetse kulemera ndikuwongolera kuyankha kwa insulin. Ndi kunenepa kwambiri komanso chiwopsezo chachikulu cha mtima ndi matenda a mtima, mankhwalawa amatha kuikidwa kuyambira masiku oyamba othandizira.

Momwe mungabwezeretsere insulin sensitivity

Njira zazikulu zobwezeretsera insulin:

• calorie choletsa
• kukanidwa kwa zakudya zopatsa mphamvu zam'thupi zochepa - maswiti onse, zopangidwa ndi ufa, zakudya zopatsa mphamvu kwambiri - zokazinga, zamafuta, tchipisi, mayonesi, tchizi chamafuta, mowa,
• zolimbitsa thupi tsiku lililonse kwa theka la ola.

Zakudya za insulin kukana

Zakudya za kukana insulini tikulimbikitsidwa kuti azikhala ndi protein-masamba, ma carbohydrate ayenera kusankhidwa ndi index yotsika kwambiri ya glycemic. Mu chakudya, shuga, ufa, zakudya zamafuta ndizochepa. Amuna amapangidwa kuti azitha kudya ma calories ndi chakudya cham'mawa kwambiri. Ndikotheka kugwiritsa ntchito keto zakudya, koma moyang'aniridwa ndi achipatala.

Malamulo a zopatsa thanzi

Zovomerezeka ndizophatikiza:

• masamba osakhala otsekemera (ali ndi chisonyezo chotsika kwambiri cha glycemic, motero samalepheretsa njira za metabolic) - kabichi (mitundu yonse), nkhaka, zukini, tomato, biringanya, tsabola,
• nyama yotsamira - nkhuku, nkhuku, nyama yamchere yophika kapena yophika yopanda kuwonjezera mafuta,
• nsomba ndi nsomba zam'nyanja, zam'nyanja,
• mkaka wowiritsa umamwa mpaka 2,5% mafuta, kanyumba tchizi - mpaka 5%,
• phala lamadzi kuchokera ku buckwheat, oatmeal,
• zipatso, zipatso (zosapezekanso).

Pocheperako (mpaka 30 g patsiku), mtedza, zipatso zouma, chokoleti chakuda, mafuta a azitona amaloledwa. Ayenera kukumbukiridwa mu chiwerengero chonse cha zopatsa mphamvu.

Chepetsani zochepa, ndipo ndibwino kusiya zosowa izi:

• mbatata, maungu, chimanga, beets wowiritsa ndi kaloti,
• semolina yoyera
• mkaka wonse
• dzira la mazira (lingathe kuwonjezeredwa ku mbale zosaposa 1/2 patsiku),
• batala
• shuga, kuphika kwathunthu,
• nthochi, mphesa, mavwende, masiku,
• mowa.

Mndandanda woletsedwa ukuphatikizapo:

• nsomba zamzitini mu mafuta, mphodza,
• soseji ndi soseji, ham, m'chiuno, mafuta anyama,
• timadzi tokonzedwa, timadzi tokoma, koloko yabwino,
• makeke, makeke, mafuta onunkhira, zonona,
• tchipisi, zodyera, chakudya mwachangu,
• amateteza, kupanikizana, madzi.

Momwe mungapangire menyu

Mukamapanga menyu muzizindikira kuchuluka kwa zinthu zomwe mumamwa:

• masamba 700-800 g katatu pa tsiku, makamaka yaiwisi (saladi), yofinya, yophika, kuphika, chakudya, madzi, masamba ndi zitsamba, bowa,
• tirigu wathunthu, mkate wa rye, wokhala ndi chinangwa - 200 g,
• chimanga ndi nyemba - 50 g mu mawonekedwe owuma,
• zipatso ndi zipatso - 200-300 g,
• nyama 150 g, nsomba 150 g, kanyumba tchizi 2-5% - 100 g kapena tchizi yokhala ndi mafuta osakwana 30% - 50 g,
• kapu ya mkaka wokaka wopanda mkaka.

Zogulitsa zonse zathanzi zimagawidwa pakati pa chakudya m'njira yoti osachepera 35% amagwera pa nkhomaliro, ndipo zodyera ziwiri (chakudya cham'mawa chachiwiri ndi chakudya chamadzulo) ndi 10% iliyonse, kadzutsa 1 ndi 25%, ndipo chakudya chamadzulo ndi 20%.

Kodi zakudya za keto ndi ziti

Zakudya za Keto ndi mtundu wa chakudya momwe zimapezekanso zamafuta ochepa (mpaka 5% ya chakudya chonse). Imalola masamba, nyama, nsomba, tchizi, mazira, mtedza ndi batala, koma monga chimanga, nyemba, zipatso, zipatso, nthawi zambiri, ndipo mkate suyikidwa pambali kapena osaposapo gawo limodzi. Monga zakudya, zakudya za keto zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda a khunyu, mwina mwina mutha kuwongolera matenda a shuga 2.

Pamaso pa vuto la kagayidwe kachakudya, kuphatikiza insulin, ndizoletsedwa kugwiritsa ntchito mitundu yokhayo yodya nokha. Malinga ndi kafukufuku, pali mbali zabwino komanso zopanda pake pa chakudya chotere. Zoyambirira zikuphatikiza:

• kuchepetsa shuga
• kusowa kwa mankhwala a antidiabetes,
• kuchepa thupi, makamaka kukawononga madzi.

Zotsatira zosafunikira zidanenedwanso:

• mutabwereranso ku chizolowezi chodyera bwino, kulemera kumabwereranso koyambirira, ndipo kukana insulin kumakulirakulira,
• chifukwa cha kunyinyirika kwa thupi la ma antioxidants ndi mavitamini omwe ali muzakudya za chomera, kudya mavitamini osafunikira nkofunikira,
• munthawi yamatenda a perestroika pali kufooka kosalekeza, kupweteka mutu, kutopa.

Kudya kwakanthawi kochepa kumakwiyitsa:

• matenda a impso
• mafupa a m'matumbo (brittle bones),
• kukula kwa achinyamata
• kuchuluka mafuta m'thupi
• kudzimbidwa.

Momwe mungachepetse thupi ndi insulin

Kuti muchepetse kunenepa komanso kukana insulini, ndikofunikira kuwonjezera zochita zolimbitsa thupi pazakudya zoyenera. Imangotentha zopatsa mphamvu zochulukirapo, komanso imawongolera kuyamwa kwa minofu ndi minyewa ya adipose ku zochita za insulin.Kutenga kofulumira kwa glucose kumachitika, ndipo kutulutsidwa kwa mahomoni ochulukirapo kuchokera ku kapamba kumacheperanso.

Chofunikira chofunikira kwambiri ndi mphindi 150 pa tsiku ndi mphamvu yapakati. Izi zikutanthauza:

• akuyenda mothamanga kwambiri kapena pang'onopang'ono, koma ndi nthawi osachepera ola limodzi patsiku,
• achire olimbitsa thupi omwe amakhala ndi katundu pamagulu akulu a minofu,
• kusambira
• kuyendetsa njinga.

Ngati palibe zotsutsana pamtima dongosolo lamtima, ndiye kuti ndikofunikira kukwaniritsa ndi mtundu uliwonse wa kuchuluka kwa kugunda kwa mtima kumawonjezeka mpaka 50-70% ya pazotheka kwambiri (ma stroke a 220).

Kodi matenda a rabson-mendenhall

Rabson-Mendenhall syndrome ndi mtundu wobadwa nawo wa majini (insulin) wa insulin. Amadziwika ndi kuchuluka kwa shuga ndi insulin m'magazi. Matenda a mtundu wa 2 omwe akudwala ndiwowopsa. Sichitha kuchiritsidwa ndi mapiritsi ndi mahomoni. Ana ambiri amafa ali akhanda.

Mawonetsero apamwamba adadziwika pazaka 3 za moyo:

• zikwama zakuda
• Tsitsi limakula pathupi
• mano apindika, atha kukhala owirikiza,
• Mwana wagona, watopa, m'mimba mwake mwayamba kupindika,
• manja ndi mapazi okhala ndi makutu akulu.

Chifukwa cha kukana insulini, mahomoni ogonana amuna amakhala ambiri. Mwa anyamata, kusasitsa koyambirira kumayamba, ndipo mwa atsikana, clitoris imakulitsidwa, tsitsi kumaso ndi thupi limakula, ndipo ma cysts ambiri mumazira. Ma mayiko amakhalapobe mpaka atakula. Kuchiza kumachitika pogwiritsa ntchito zakudya zama carb ochepa, Siofor, insulin-grow factor, leptin.

Kunenepa kwambiri ndi Insulin Resistance

Kunenepa kwambiri ndi imodzi mwazinthu zazikulu zotsogola. Kuti mudziwe zoyenera kudziwa zamkati mwa insulin komanso metabolic syndrome, muyenera kudziwa cholozera chanu. Nambalayi imathandizanso kuzindikira gawo la kunenepa kwambiri komanso kuwerengera zoopsa zomwe zingayambitse matenda a mtima.

Mlozo umaganiziridwa molingana ndi mawonekedwe: Ine = m / h2, m ndiye kulemera kwanu m'makilogalamu, h ndi kutalika kwanu mu mita.

Mndandanda wamkulu wazakudya mu kg / m²

Chiwopsezo cha kukana insulini
ndi matenda ena

Zochepa (matenda ena amatha kuoneka)

Kunenepa kwambiri

Kunenepa kwambiri 2

3 kunenepa kwambiri

Kodi kuphwanya kumeneku nkowopsa?

Izi matenda oopsa chifukwa cha matenda omwe amadza pambuyo pake. Choyamba, ndi matenda amtundu wa 2 shuga.

Mu njira za matenda ashuga, makamaka minofu, chiwindi ndi mafupa amafuta zimakhudzidwa. Popeza mphamvu ya insulini imalekeka, shuga amasiya kudyedwa mu kuchuluka komwe kuyenera. Pazifukwa zomwezi, maselo a chiwindi amayamba kupanga mwachangu ndikuphwanya glycogen ndikupanga shuga kuchokera ku mankhwala a amino acid.

Ponena za minofu ya adipose, mphamvu yotsutsana nayo imachepa. Pa magawo oyamba, njirayi imalipiriridwa ndi kupititsa patsogolo kapangidwe ka insulin mu kapamba. Pa magawo apamwamba, malo osungirako mafuta amagawika ma mamolekyulu amafuta achilengedwe ndi glycerol, munthu amalemera kwambiri.

Zinthuzi zimalowa m'chiwindi ndipo zimakhala lipoproteins zotsika kwambiri. Zinthu izi zimadziunjikira pamakoma a mtima ndikuyambitsa chitukuko cha atherosulinosis. Chifukwa cha njirazi zonse, glucose wambiri amatulutsidwa m'magazi.

Nocturnal Insulin Resistance

Thupi limakonda kwambiri insulin m'mawa. Izi zimawoneka zosavuta masana. Kwa thupi la munthu, pali mitundu iwiri yamagetsi: usiku ndi usana.

Masana, mphamvu zambiri zimatengedwa makamaka kuchokera ku glucose, malo ogulitsa mafuta samakhudzidwa. Zosiyana zimachitika usiku, thupi limadzipatsa mphamvu, zomwe zimamasulidwa ku mafuta acids, omwe amatulutsidwa m'magazi pambuyo pakuwonongeka kwamafuta. Chifukwa cha izi, insulivityity imatha kufooka.

Ngati mumadya makamaka madzulo, ndiye kuti thupi lanu silingathe kupirira kuchuluka kwa zinthu zomwe zimalowa. Izi zimatha kubweretsa mavuto akulu azaumoyo.

Kwa kanthawi, kusowa kwa insulin nthawi zonse kumalipidwa ndi kuchuluka kwa zinthu zomwe zimapezeka m'maselo a beta. Vutoli limatchedwa hyperinsulemia ndipo limadziwika ndi matenda ashuga. Popita nthawi, kuthekera kwa maselo kupanga insulin yambiri kumachepa, kuchuluka kwa shuga kumawonjezeka, ndipo munthu amakula ndi matenda ashuga.

Komanso, insulin kukana ndi hyperinsulinemia ndi zinthu zolimbikitsa matenda a mtima dongosolo. Chifukwa cha insulin, kuchuluka ndi kusuntha kwa minofu yosalala, kuchuluka kwa ma fibroblasts, komanso kuletsa kwa njira za fibrinolysis kumachitika. Chifukwa chake, kunenepa kwambiri kwam'mimba kumachitika ndi zotsatirapo zonse zotsatirazi.

Kukana kwa pakati

Ma molekyulu a glucose ndiye gwero lamphamvu kwa onse mayi ndi mwana. Panthawi yakukula kwa mwana, thupi lake limayamba kufuna kuchuluka kwa glucose ochulukirapo. Chofunikira ndichakuti kuyambira pa 3 trimester ya mimba, zofuna za shuga zimapezekanso.

Nthawi zambiri, makanda amakhala ndi shuga wotsika magazi kuposa amayi. Mu ana, pafupifupi 0,6-1.1 mmol / lita, ndipo mwa akazi, 3.3-6.6 mmol / lita. Mbewu ikakula ikafika pamtengo wokwanira, mayi amatha kuyamba kukhala ndi insulin.

Glucose onse omwe amalowa m'thupi la amayi kwenikweni samangiriridwa ndipo amatumizidwa kwa mwana wosabadwayo kuti asasowe michere pakukula.

Izi zimayendetsedwa ndi placenta, yomwe ndiye gwero loyambirira la TNF-b. Pafupifupi 95% yazinthu izi zimalowa m'magazi a mayi wapakati, zotsalazo zimalowa m'thupi la mwana. Ndiye kuwonjezeka kwa TNF-b komwe ndiko chifukwa chachikulu cha kukana insulin panthawi ya bere.

Pambuyo pobadwa kwa mwana, msinkhu wa TNF-b umatsika mwachangu komanso mofanananira, kumva kwa insulin kumabwereranso. Mavuto amatha kuchitika mwa azimayi onenepa kwambiri, chifukwa amapanga TNF-b yochulukirapo kuposa amayi omwe ali ndi thupi labwinobwino. Mwa akazi otere, kukhala ndi pakati kumakhala nthawi zambiri kumayendetsedwa ndi zovuta zingapo.

Kukana kwa insulini nthawi zambiri kumatha ngakhale pakubala, pamakhala kuchuluka kwakukulu kwa matenda ashuga. Ngati kutenga pakati ndikwabwinobwino, kukana kumathandizira kuti mwana akule.

Kuphwanya kudziwa kwa insulin mu achinyamata

Mwa anthu akutha msinkhu, kukana insulini nthawi zambiri kumachitika. Chosangalatsa ndichakuti kuchuluka kwa shuga sikokwanira. Pambuyo pa kutha msambo, mkhalidwe umakonda kusinthika.

Pa kukula kwambiri, mahomoni a anabolic amayamba kupangika kwambiri:

Ngakhale zotsatira zake ndizosiyana, amino acid metabolism ndi glucose metabolism sikuvutikira. Ndi comperatory hyperinsulinemia, kupanga mapuloteni kumatheka ndipo kukula kumakhudzidwa.

Mitundu yambiri ya kagayidwe ka insulin imathandizira kulumikizana kutha msinkhu komanso njira za kukula, komanso kusunga magwiridwe anthawi ya metabolic. Ntchito yofananira yotere imapereka mphamvu kusunga ndalama mosakwanira muzakudya, imathandizira kutha msinkhu komanso kulera komanso kubereka ana omwe ali ndi chakudya chokwanira.

Kutha msambo kutha, kuchuluka kwa mahomoni ogonana kumakhalabe okwera, ndipo insulinitivity imatha.

Chithandizo cha insulin

Asanayambe nkhondo yolimbana ndi insulin, madokotala amayesa wodwala. Pozindikira matenda am'mbuyomu komanso mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga, mitundu ingapo ya mayeso a labotale imagwiritsidwa ntchito:

• Chiyeso cha A1C,
• Kuthamanga kuyesera kwa plasma glucose,
• Mayeso a kulolera a glucose.

Matenda a 2 a mtundu wa 2 amadziwika ndi 6.5% malinga ndi kuyesa kwa A1C, kuchuluka kwa shuga kuchokera pa 126 mg / dl ndipo zotsatira kuchokera poyesa komaliza kuposa 200 mg / dl. Mdziko loyambirira la matenda ashuga, chisonyezo cha 1 ndi 5.7-6.4%, chachiwiri ndi 100-125 mg / dl, chomaliza ndi 140-199 mg / dl.

Mankhwala

Zizindikiro zazikulu zamtunduwu wa mankhwalawa ndi chisonyezo cha thupi chopitilira 30, chiopsezo chachikulu chotenga matenda a mtima ndi mtima, komanso kukhalapo kwa kunenepa kwambiri.

Kuti muwonjezere mphamvu ya shuga, mankhwala otsatirawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito:

Ndi kukana kwa insulini, kutsimikizika kumakhala pa chakudya chamafuta ochepa kupatula kufa ndi njala. Fractional mtundu wa zakudya tikulimbikitsidwa, iyenera kukhala kasanu mpaka kasanu ndi kawiri patsiku, poganizira zokhwasula-khwasula. Ndikofunikanso kumwa madzi okwanira, osachepera 1.5 malita patsiku.

Wodwala amaloledwa kudya chakudya chochepa pang'onopang'ono. Itha kukhala:

1. Porridge
2. Rye ufa wophika zinthu
3. Zamasamba
4. Zipatso zina.
   

Ndi chakudya chamafuta ochepa, wodwalayo sayenera:

• Mpunga Woyera
• Mafuta ndi nsomba
• Zakudya zonse zotsekemera (zopatsa mphamvu)
• Manku
• Mbatata
• Zakudya zakumwa,
• Batala,
• Madzi
• Batala ndi ufa,
• Wowawasa zonona.

Zakudya zonse zomwe wodwala amadya ziyenera kukhala ndi index yotsika ya glycemic. Mawuwa ndi chizindikiro cha kuwonongedwa kwa zinthu zamafuta atalowa m'thupi. Potsikira chizindikiro ichi chazomwe zimapangidwira, ndizomwe zimayenerera wodwala.

Zakudya zolimbana ndi insulin zimapangidwa kuchokera ku zakudya zomwe zimakhala ndi index yotsika. Ndikosowa kwambiri kudya kena kokhala ndi GI yapakatikati. Njira yakukonzera mankhwala nthawi zambiri ilibe mphamvu pa GI, koma pali zosiyana.

Mwachitsanzo, kaloti: ikakhala yosakongola index yake ndi 35 ndipo imatha kudyedwa, koma kaloti wowiritsa ndi wamkulu kwambiri GI ndipo ndizosatheka kuidya.

Zipatso zimathanso kudyedwa, koma muyenera kudya zosaposa 200 magalamu patsiku. Ndikosatheka kukonzekera madzi obwera kuchokera kwa iwo, chifukwa pamene zamkati zimaphwanyidwa, CHIKWANGWANI chimatha ndipo msuzi umapeza GI yayikulu kwambiri.

GI ikhoza kugawidwa m'magulu angapo:

1. Mpaka 50 - otsika
2. 50-70 - yowonjezera,
3. Zoposa 70 ndi zazikulu.

Pali zakudya zina zomwe zilibe index ya glycemic konse. Kodi ndizotheka kuzidya ndi insulin? - ayi. Pafupifupi nthawi zonse, chakudya choterocho chimakhala ndi zopatsa mphamvu kwambiri, ndipo simungathe kudya chimodzi chokhala ndi vuto la insulin.

Palinso zakudya zomwe zili ndi kalozera kakang'ono ndi zambiri zopatsa mphamvu:

Zakudya zopatsa thanzi kwa wodwala ziyenera kukhala zosiyanasiyana. Iyenera kukhala ndi nyama, zipatso, masamba. Zinthu zopangidwa ndi glucose zimalimbikitsidwa kudyedwa asanadutse 15:00. Msuzi amaphika bwino msuzi wamasamba, nthawi zina zimakhala zovomerezeka kugwiritsa ntchito msuzi wachiwiri.

Pazakudya zama carb ochepa, mutha kudya mitundu iyi ya nyama:

1. Chiwindi (nkhuku / ng'ombe),
2. Turkey,
3. Chikuku
4. Ng'ombe
5. Kalulu nyama
6. Nyama ya Quail
7. Ziyankhulo.
   

Kuchokera ku nsomba mumatha kukwera, pollock ndi nsomba. Amayenera kudyedwa osachepera 2 pa sabata. Kwa phala yokongoletsa ndiyabwino kwambiri. Amawiritsa m'madzi, sangawerengeredwe ndi nyama.

Mutha kudya zipatso monga izi:

Nthawi zina mutha kudzichitira nokha pasitala kuchokera ku tirigu wa durum. Mutha kudya dzira limodzi la dzira patsiku musanafike mapuloteni. Pazakudya, mutha kudya mkaka wonse kupatula womwe uli ndi mafuta ambiri. Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pakudya masana.

Malonda otsatirawa ali pamndandanda wobiriwira:

• Curd
• Mkaka
• Kefirs,
• Kirimu mpaka 10%,
• Yogurts zopanda mafuta,
• Tofu
• Ryazhenka.

Gawo lamkango la mkango liyenera kukhala ndi masamba. Mutha kupanga saladi kapena mbale yam'mbali kwa iwo.

Mloza wotsika kwambiri m'masamba ngati awa:

1. Garlic ndi anyezi,
2. Biringanya
3. Nkhaka
4. Tomato
5. Tsabola wa mitundu yosiyanasiyana,
6. Zukini,
7. Kabichi iliyonse
8. Nandolo zatsopano ndi zouma.
   

Wodwalayo sakhala ndi malire pazakudya ndi zonunkhira. Oregano, basil, turmeric, sipinachi, parsley, katsabola kapena thyme amatha kusiyanitsidwa bwino ndi mbale.

Ndikofunika kuphatikiza muzakudya zanu:

• Currant
• Plums
• Mapeyala
• Rabulosi
• Blueberries
• Maapulo
• Apricots
• Nectarines.

Mutha kudya zakudya zambiri zosiyanasiyana pa zakudya zamafuta ochepa. Musawope kuti zakudya zanu sizikhala zosasangalatsa komanso zodandaula.

Kusewera masewera

Akatswiri a masewera olimbitsa thupi amakhulupirira kuti kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi ndi njira yothandiza kwambiri yolimbana ndi insulin. Pa maphunziro, insulin sensitivity imawonjezeka chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa mayendedwe a glucose panthawi yopanga minofu.

Pambuyo pa katundu, mphamvuyo imachepa, pomwe njira za insulin mwachindunji zimayamba. Chifukwa cha zotsatira zake za anabolic komanso anti-catabolic, insulin imathandizira kuperewera kwa glycogen.

M'mawu osavuta, atalemedwa, thupi limatenga mamolekyulu a glycogen (glucose) momwe angathere ndipo, pambuyo pophunzitsidwa, thupi limatha glycogen. Kuzindikira kwa insulin kumawonjezeka chifukwa chakuti minofu ilibe mphamvu zotsalira.

Izi ndizosangalatsa: madokotala amalimbikitsa kuyang'ana kwambiri pophunzitsa anthu odwala matenda ashuga a 2.

Aerobic kulimbitsa thupi ndi njira yabwino yolimbana ndi insulin. Pa katunduyu, shuga amapsa mwachangu. Kugwiritsa ntchito kwa Cardio pang'ono kapena kwambiri kumatha kukulitsa chidwi masiku asanu ndi anayi otsatirawa. Kusintha kowoneka kwalembedwa patadutsa sabata yophunzitsidwa ndi zolimbitsa thupi zosachepera ziwiri za Cardio.

Ngati makalasi amachitika nthawi yayitali, mphamvu zolimba zimatha kupitilira kwa nthawi yayitali. Ngati nthawi ina munthu angosiya masewera mwadzidzidzi ndikupewa kulimbitsa thupi, kukana insulini kudzabweranso.

Katundu wamphamvu

Ubwino wophunzitsira mphamvu sikuti umangokulitsa chidwi cha insulin, komanso kumanga minofu. Amadziwika kuti minofu imatenga kwambiri mamolekyulu a glucose osati panthawi yonyamula yokha, komanso pambuyo pake.

Pambuyo pophunzitsidwa mphamvu za 4, ngakhale panthawi yopumula, mphamvu ya insulini idzakulitsidwa, ndipo kuchuluka kwa shuga (malinga kuti simunadye nawo muyeso) kuchepa. Mukamanyamula katundu kwambiri, zimamveketsa chizindikiritso.

Kutsutsa kwa insulin kumachotsedwa bwino ndi njira yolumikizirana yolimbitsa thupi. Zotsatira zabwino kwambiri ndizojambulidwa ndikusinthana kwa aerobic ndi kulimbitsa mphamvu. Mwachitsanzo, mumapita ku malo ochitira masewera olimbitsa thupi Lolemba, Lachitatu, Lachisanu, ndi Sabata. Chitani Cardio Lolemba ndi Lachisanu (mwachitsanzo, kuthamanga, aerobics, kupalasa njinga), ndikuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi Lachitatu ndi Lamlungu.

Kukana kwa insulini kumatha kukhala kotetezeka ngati kumakula motsutsana ndi maziko a njira monga kutha msinkhu kapena kutenga pakati. Nthawi zina, izi zimawonedwa kuti ndi matenda oopsa a metabolic.

Ndikosavuta kutchula zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa, komabe, anthu onenepa kwambiri amakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi matendawa. Kuchepa kumeneku nthawi zambiri sikuyenda ndi zizindikiro zowoneka bwino.

Ngati sanapatsidwe, kuphwanya kwa insulini kumatha kuyambitsa matenda a shuga komanso matenda osiyanasiyana a mtima. Zochizira kukomoka, mankhwala, zolimbitsa thupi ndi zakudya zapadera zimagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Zambiri za Insulin Resistance

Malinga ndi chiphunzitso cha "zachuma genotype" cholemba V. Neil (1962), kukula kwa insulini kungalumikizidwe ndi kuphatikizika kwa thupi panthawi yomwe kulibe kapena kuchuluka kwa chakudya:

• Kudya zakudya zopatsa thanzi, zakudya zopezeka ndi sopo wambirimafuta oyandikira - IR ikhoza kukhala chizindikiro cha kuphwanya kwa kagayidwe kazakudya.
• Kunenepa kwambiri - maselo a minyewa ya adipose samvera kwenikweni za insulin, ndipo mafuta ambiri amakhala ndi thupi, insulini imatsutsana ndi chizindikiro cha insulin.
• Kusuta kwa nthawi yayitali, uchidakwa.
• Kulekerera kwa shuga.
• Hypodynamia - ntchito, kusowa zolimbitsa thupi kumapangitsa insulin kukana.
• Nthawi yogwira ntchito, kuvulala kwamoto, sepsis.
• Kutupa njira zachikhalidwe.
• Acromegaly - Matenda am'kati mwa thupi omwe amakhudzana ndi kukula kwa msana.
• Matenda oopsa - yothandizidwa ndi insulin, ingayambenso chifukwa cha IR.
• Hypercorticism syndrome - matendawa amayambitsa kusokonezeka kwa kagayidwe kachakudya, pomwe magazi a magazi amawonjezeka ndipo kuphatikizira kwa minofu ya adipose kumachitika,
• Rheumatoid nyamakazi
• Kukhalitsa kwa nthawi yayitali - kusowa kwa kayendetsedwe koyipa kumakhudza thupi la munthu, kusintha kosasintha kumachitika, kukana insulini kumayamba.
• Nthawi yakucha muunyamata Ndipo msambo umachitika chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa msambo. Izi zimagwiranso ntchito pakugona usiku.

Zizindikiro za Insulin Resistance

Kutsutsa kwa maselo ku insulin kumawonetsedwa popanda zizindikiro zowonekera, zomwe ndizovuta kuzindikira.

Zizindikiro zazikulu za kukana insulin:

• Kutulutsa kwamphamvu kwa minofu ya adipose, makamaka pamimba,
• Kuchuluka shuga
• Miyezo yapamwamba kwambiri ya triglyceride m'magazi,
• Kuthamanga kwa magazi
• Mapuloteni mumkodzo
• Kufalikira
• Kutopa
• Kukhumudwa, kusasamala,
• Kumva kawirikawiri kwanjala.

Mu IR, kupeza kuzindikira koyenera pogwiritsa ntchito mayeso a labotale ndi njira yovuta kwambiri, popeza mulingo wa insulin m'magazi umasintha nthawi zonse.

Zizindikiro zoyambirira zomwe zikusonyeza kukhalapo kwa insulin kukana:

1. Uku ndi kunenepa kwambiri pamimba,
2. Kuthamanga kwa magazi.

Mitundu imayambitsa kukana insulini

Heredity monga chinthu chodziwikiratu kukana kwa insulin ndikofala. Koma popeza chisonyezicho sichidziwika nthawi zambiri, matenda amtundu amatha kupezeka chifukwa cha matenda opezeka paliponse. Mwachitsanzo, ngati banja lanu lili ndi abale omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga, kunenepa kwambiri, kapena matenda oopsa.

Zofunika!

• Matenda amtundu wokhala ndi kukana insulini amatenga mbali yachiwiri,
• Kukula kwa insulin kukana kungathe kupewedwa mothandizidwa ndi njira zopewera: moyo wokangalika ndi kuwunika pafupipafupi zakudya.

Kodi pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa insulin kukokana ndi metabolic syndrome?

Kutsutsana ndi insulin komanso metabolic syndrome, yomwe imatchedwanso insulin kukana syndrome, ndiosiyana kwambiri wina ndi mnzake:

1. Poyambirira, tikulimbana ndi kukana kwina kwa maselo ku insulin,
2. Mu chachiwiri - osiyanasiyana a zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa kupezeka kwa matenda amtima dongosolo ndi mtundu II matenda a shuga.

Mndandanda wamatenda amisala a mahomoni ndi metabolic metabolism amaphatikizapo:

• Kunenepa kwambiri pamimba,
• Matenda oopsa
• Kukana insulini
• Hyperlipidemia.

Resistance Diagnostics

Zizindikiro zoyambirira za kukana insulin zimawonedwa kunja:

• Chiwerengero cha mafuta m'thupi chimakwera
• Kukula kwakukulu, imadziunjikira kumimba.

Koma sizichitika nthawi zonse. Nthawi zina index yolimbana ndi insulin imachulukitsidwa mwa anthu opanda kulemera kwambiri. Kenako chizindikiro chachikulu ndikusanthula kuti mupeze kuchuluka kwa shuga ndi insulin m'magazi.

Njira zodziwira kukana:

• Euglycemic insulin clamp kapena mayeso a EGC,
• Mayeso othandizira a insulin,
• Mayeso a kulolera a glucose (PGTT),
• Njira yochepetsetsa yamtunduwu, yomwe imakhazikitsidwa pakuwunika kwakukulu kwa glucose.
• Njira yosavuta yodziwira kukana insulini ndikuyesa kuchuluka kwanu kwa shuga komanso kuchuluka kwa insulini: index ya CarO kapena mayeso a HOMA IR.

Zowopsa

Zowopsa zomwe zimapangitsa kuti insulin ikane ndi:

• Khalidwe labwino
• Kunenepa kwambiri
• M'badwo
• Kupezeka kwa matenda ashuga, matenda oopsa m'mabanja, atherosulinosis, matenda a Alzheimer's,
• Matenda obadwa nawo chifukwa cha kufalitsa ndi kupanga insulin,
• Matenda opatsirana opatsirana.

Mndandanda wamkulu wololera kudziwa kuopsa kwa kukana insulini

Chizindikiro chimodzi chomwe chikuwonetsa kuwonjezeka kapena kuchuluka kwa cholozera cha insulin ndiko kuchuluka kwa thupi ndi kutalika.

Mlozera wa misa I = m / h2, ili kuti m - misa, ndipo h - kukula. Ngati kulemera kwa mayiyo ndi 60 kg ndipo kutalika kwake ndi 1.64 m, ndiye kuti mayendedwe ake akuwoneka motere: I = 60 / (1.64 × 1.64) = 22.3 kg / m².

Izi zikutanthauza kuti mndandanda wam'malo amtundu wazakudya uli mkati mwabwinobwino ndipo umawonetsa kuti palibe chiopsezo chokana insulini.

Kuyesa kwa HOMA IR

Chimodzi mwazeso zosavuta kwambiri pakuwona cholozera cha insulin ndi HOMA IR. Pofufuza, magazi a venous amagwiritsidwa ntchito, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kudziwa kuchuluka insulin kukana index kapena chizolowezi.

Ngati mtengo wa HOMA ndi woposa 2.5-2.7, izi zikutanthauza kuti index insulin yokana.

Kuchita mayeso a CarO pakutsimikiza index insulin kukana zofanana ndi HOMA IR, njira zowerengera ndi mtengo wanthawi zonse umasiyana.

Mtengo Wotsutsa malinga ndi mayesowo, ali mkati mwa 0,33.

Zotsatira za insulin kukana

Mukatha kudya, kuchuluka kwa glucose kumakulanso; insulin yambiri imafunikira kuti inyamule kupita ku maselo.

Ndi kukana kwa insulin, katundu pa zikondwerero zimachulukanso, zomwe zimafunikira kupanga mahomoni ambiri kuti shuga azikhala ochepa pakanthawi kochepa. Zotsatira zake, hyperinsulinemia imachitika, yomwe imakhala ndi vuto linalake mthupi la munthu.

Kukana insulini komanso kutenga pakati, kubereka

Chifukwa cha kukana insulini, kusabereka kumachitika, ndipo mimba ikachitika, nthawi zambiri imasokonezedwa kumayambiriro. Izi ndichifukwa choti mahomoni ogonana amuna amakhala ambiri mthupi la azimayi. Izi zimakwiyitsa:

• msambo
• polycystic ovary syndrome,
• Kuchulukana kwamkati mwa chiberekero - endometriosis, magazi.

Popeza mahomoni achimuna amasinthidwa kukhala mahomoni achikazi mu minofu ya adipose, kuchuluka kwambiri kwa estrogen kumawonekeranso ndi kunenepa kwambiri. Zotsatira zake, progesterone, yomwe imayankha pazogwiritsa ntchito dzira la fetal ku chiberekero, sikokwanira. Chifukwa chake, ngakhale kutenga pakati kumachitika, mimba imathetsedwa mwachangu. Mwa amayi omwe ali ndi insulin kukana, chiwopsezo cha pathupi chikupitilira mu trimester ya 2-3.

Mankhwala, zakudya zomwe zimaletsedwa ndi shuga ndi ufa woyera, ntchito zolimbitsa thupi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Mukakonzekera kutenga pakati, Metformin imatha kutumizidwa, koma kenako imathetsedwa.

Matenda a mtima

Kuchuluka kwa insulini m'magazi kumayambitsa kusokonezeka kwina:

• Kuphatikizika kwa magazi kumayambitsidwa,
• Dyslipidemia ikuyenda,
• Mafuta akulu mtima,
• Kuchulukitsa kamvekedwe kazachifundo komanso kutulutsa kwatsitsi kwa norepinephrine

Kukana kwa insulin kumabweretsa:

1. Kuphwanya lipid kagayidwe mu zimakhala.
2. Izi zimakhudza mitsempha yamagazi.
3. Popita nthawi, kuwonda kwawo ndimagazi kumachitika.
4. Atherosulinosis imayamba.

Izi zimachitika pang'onopang'ono, pogwiritsa ntchito nthawi komanso kupewa, matendawa amatha kupewedwa.

Kuwonjezeka kwa mawu achisoni komanso kuwonetsera kwina kwa IR kumayambitsa matenda am'matumbo:

• Matenda oopsa
• Tachycardia
• Matenda a mtima
• Komanso kulowetsedwa kwa myocardial.

Matenda a shuga

Kukana kwa insulini ndi harbinger wa mtundu II matenda ashuga.

Ndi hyperinsulinemia yayitali:

• Matani a pancreatic awonongeka.
• Kuletsa ntchito yawo yachinsinsi kumachitika.
• Pali kuchepa kwa insulin ndi kuwonjezeka kwa shuga wa plasma kuzinthu zofunika.
• Izi zikutanthauza kuyamba kwa matenda ashuga.

Zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa:

• Matenda oopsa
• Kunenepa kwambiri
• Ukalamba.
• Kukana insulini.
• Khalidweli.

Chithandizo ndi zakudya

Zotsatira zabwino zochizira insulin zimatheka pokhapokha pokhazikitsa mfundo zosavuta.

Chowonadi ndi chakuti popita nthawi, boma la insulin limangopitilira, kotero kuti muchiritse kwathunthu muyenera:

• Kupitiliza kuyang'anitsitsa zakudya.
• Thanzi.
• Zochita zaanthu.

Kuchepetsa thupi

Choyamba, muyenera kuwonjezera zochita zolimbitsa thupi kuti muchepetse kuchuluka kwa minofu ya adipose m'thupi. Kuchita zolimbitsa thupi pafupipafupi kumatha kuthana ndi ntchitoyo, koma pokhapokha mukhalabe ndi moyo wabwino komanso kudya zakudya zoyenera.

Kuchepetsa thupi osachepera 5-10% kumathandiza kuchepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi, kupititsa patsogolo kuchuluka kwa glucose komanso maselo a insulin.

Kukula kwa insulin kukaniza kumatengera kadyedwe. Zinthu zomwe zimakhala ndi mafuta osavuta, zakudya zotsekemera, komanso zakumwa zoledzeretsa zimapatsa insulin. Zakudya izi ndizambiri zopatsa mphamvu, zomwe zikutanthauza kuwonjezeka kwa shuga atatha kudya.

Izi zimabweretsa kufunikira kwa kutulutsa insulin yowonjezera, yomwe imayambitsa kusokonezeka kwakukulu kwa thupi ndi zina zina za ma cell.

Lamulo lakupatsa thanzi kuti muchepetse kukana insulini:

• Kudya kangapo patsiku,
• Magawo ang'onoang'ono
• Madzi okwanira
• Kudya masamba, zipatso ndi mapuloteni
• Kutulutsidwa kwa zakudya zomalizidwa, shuga, mafuta, ufa, zakumwa zoledzeretsa komanso shuga ndi shuga kuchokera ku chakudya,
• Kuphatikizidwa pazakudya zomwe zimachepetsa shuga ndikuwonjezera mphamvu ya insulin: ginger, zipatso zatsopano, turmeric, sinamoni, spirulina, mbewu za caraway, muzu wa barberry.

Mankhwala

Kumwa mankhwala omwe amayendetsa shuga wamagazi amadziwika kuti ndi dokotala wokhazikika. Kudzichitira nokha ndi mankhwala kumatha kuyambitsa zotsatirapo zoyipa mwa matenda osawoneka bwino komanso chithunzi cha matenda.

Mankhwala ambiri omwe amafunikira kukulitsa chidwi cha insulin komanso kutsitsa shuga ndi Glucofage, Diaformin, Insufor, Metamine, Metformin.

Chifukwa chake, ndizotheka pasadakhale kuti muchepetse chiwopsezo cha chitukuko chawo mwa kupewa. Kutsatira zakudya zoyenera, kuchita zolimbitsa thupi pafupipafupi katatu pa sabata, moyo wokangalika udzakuthandizani kuthana ndi insulin komanso zina zina.

Kukana kwa insulini komanso kuchepa kwa tsitsi

Kuchepetsa tsitsi ndi kukana insulini kumachitika chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa tsitsi la tsitsi la scalp ku mahomoni achimuna. Kwenikweni, kuchepa kwa kachulukidwe ka tsitsi kumakhudza dera lakanthawi. Nthawi zambiri sizimafika pamadazi. Choyambitsa chomwe chingakhale:

• kupsinjika
• matenda opatsirana ndi ma virus
• kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi.

Kubwezeretsa kukula kwa tsitsi:

• mankhwala akumudzi (mafuta a burdock, minoxidil),
• vitamini mankhwala (Perfectil, Revalid),
• chakudya chokhala ndi mapuloteni okwanira (nyama, nsomba, nsomba zam'madzi), mavitamini (amadyera, zipatso za zipatso, zipatso, mtedza).

Pambuyo pakufufuzidwa ndi dokotala wa gynecologist, kulera kwa mahomoni ndi ma antiandrogens (Diane, Yarina) kungalimbikitsidwe.

Kupewa

Kupewa insulini kungakuthandizeni:

• Kuchepetsa kunenepa
• zakudya zoyenera
• zolimbitsa thupi tsiku ndi tsiku
• kutsatira nthawi yamalamulo, kugona mokwanira usiku,
• kupezeka kwa nthawi kwa endocrinologist pamaso pa matenda omwe amachititsa kuchepa poyankha insulin, mayeso odutsa,
• kupewa kupewa kupsinjitsa, kutaya mtima,
• kukana mankhwala omwe amadzipangitsa nokha, makamaka mankhwala a mahomoni.

Kuzindikira kwa odwala

Ngati insulin kukana idapezeka isanayambike zovuta (matenda ashuga, kunenepa kwambiri, atherosulinosis, polycystic ovary) ndikutsatira malangizo pazakudya, zolimbitsa thupi, matendawa nthawi zambiri amakhala abwino. Ndikotheka kutulutsa shuga ndimagazi ndi insulin.

Ndi kupenda pafupipafupi ndikukhalabe ndi moyo wathanzi, zotsatira zoyipa zitha kupewedwa.

Ndipo izi ndizambiri za kunenepa kwambiri kwamafuta mwa akazi.

Kukana kwa insulin kumachitika ndi kuchepa kwa zomwe chiwindi chimachita, minofu ndi adipose minofu ya insulin. Zimapatsa kunenepa, kutengera kwa chibadwa, kupsinjika, matenda. Potengera komwe adakumana nako, atherosclerosis, matenda oopsa, matenda a shuga, polycystic ovary yokhala wopanda pakati komanso vuto lotayika likupita patsogolo.

Kuti muzindikire kuyesedwa kwa magazi ndi shuga komanso insulini, kuyezetsa magazi kofunikira. Chithandizo chimaphatikizapo zakudya zosapatsa mphamvu zophatikiza ndi zakudya, zolimbitsa thupi, ndi mankhwala okhala ndi metformin.

Hemuloni ya insulin imachita mbali yofunika kwambiri m'thupi. Zimapangidwa ndi kapamba. Amalumikizidwa ndi mahomoni okula, adrenaline ndipo pafupifupi china chilichonse m'thupi. Kodi akazi, abambo ndi ana ndi chiyani? Zotsatira zake?

Hormone adiponectin imathandizira kuthana ndi mafuta m'thupi. Ndi chifukwa cha iye kuti anthu sangayankhe kudya zakudya zamafuta ochepa. Momwe mungakulitsire kuchuluka kwa mahomoni?

Nthawi zambiri mwa odwala omwe ali ndi mavuto a hypothalamus, gren adrenal, chithokomiro, pamakhala kunenepa kwambiri chifukwa cha kulephera kwa mahomoni. Zimakhumudwitsidwanso ndi kupsinjika, maopaleshoni, mankhwala a radiation. Pali kunenepa kwambiri pambuyo pa mapiritsi a mahomoni. Kutengera zomwe zimayambitsa, chithandizo chimasankhidwa - mankhwala a matenda omwe amapezeka, mapiritsi ndi zakudya zamafuta onenepa.

Ndizovuta kudziwa chifukwa chomwe chinapangitsa kuti kunenepa kwambiri kwa mahomoni azimayi, chifukwa kungayambitse kusintha kwa gawo lililonse la endocrine system. Zifukwa zake zimatha kukhala kusagwira bwino kwa hypothalamus ndi pituitary, chithokomiro komanso kapamba. Mankhwalawa ndi ovuta chabe.

Center for Diabetes Mellitus amathandiza odwala omwe ali ndi mtundu uliwonse wamilandu wothandizidwa, chithandizo chamankhwala, chisankho choyenera chamankhwala. Nthawi zina, matenda ashuga amathanso kupewa chifukwa chosankha zakudya zoyenera.