21 November, 2024
    Mankhwala

    Diacarb kwa odwala matenda ashuga

    Mankhwala "Diacarb" ali ndi diuretic yaying'ono, amachepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi mkati mwa chigaza, amachotsa mawonekedwe a glaucoma, ndipo amalepheretsa kugwidwa. Mankhwalawa amatha kuchulukitsa shuga wamagazi, choncho ndi shuga "Diacarb" sikulimbikitsidwa. Mu vuto, vuto limangogwiritsidwa ntchito motsogozedwa ndi dokotala.

    ZOFUNIKA KUDZIWA! Ngakhale odwala matenda ashuga kwambiri amatha kuchiritsidwa kunyumba, popanda opaleshoni kapena zipatala. Ingowerenga zomwe Marina Vladimirovna akunena. werengani zonena zake.

    Kupanga ndi mawonekedwe a kumasulidwa

    Yogwira pophika mankhwala ndi acetazolamide. Kuchita kwa thunthu zimachokera pa kukakamiza kwa ntchito ya enzyme carbonoxidase mu aimpso tubules, maso ndi minyewa. Kamodzi m'thupi, imatengedwa mwachangu kuchokera kugaya chakudya. Mankhwala ali ndi zotsatirazi zingapo zotsatira:

    Shuga amachepetsedwa nthawi yomweyo! Matenda a shuga m'kupita kwa nthawi angayambitse matenda ambiri, monga mavuto amawonedwe, khungu ndi tsitsi, zilonda zam'mimba, zilonda zam'mimba komanso matenda otupa! Anthu amaphunzitsa zinzake zowawa kuti azisintha shuga. werengani.

    • diuretic - kuchepetsa kubwezeretsanso kuyamwa kwa ayoni sodium, kumachulukitsa kuchuluka kwa madzi kuchoka, potaziyamu, magnesium, calcium ion,
    • antiglaucoma - amachepetsa kapangidwe ka madzimadzi mu chipinda chamaso chamaso, kuchepetsa kukanikizika m'maso,
    • kutsitsa mkati mwa chigaza - kumalepheretsa mapangidwe amadzimadzi a cerebrospinal ndikusintha kutulutsa kwake,
    • antiepileptic - limalepheretsa malingaliro achisokonezo mu chithokomiro cha chithokomiro.

    Mankhwalawa amapezeka ngati mapiritsi oyera a biconvex oyikiritsa pakamwa ali ndi 250 mg ya acetazolamide. Pamankhwala, mankhwalawa amagulitsidwa m'mapaketi a 12, 24, 30 ma PC. pachimake. Zina zothandizira ndi mbatata wowuma, talc, starch sodium glycolate kapena silicon oxide, povidone, cellcrystalline cellulose, ndi magnesium stearate.

    Kodi Diakarba ikufunika liti?

    Chifukwa cha zovuta zake zingapo, mapiritsi a Diakarb amatengedwa onse limodzi ndi mankhwala ena ndikudziyimira pawokha. Amawonetsedwa kuti agwiritse ntchito zotsatirazi zamagulu ndi matenda:

    Panthawi yayitali, "Diakarbom" imayenera kuyesedwa kamodzi pakadutsa milungu iwiri, kuyang'anira kuchuluka kwa ma elekitirodi, kuchuluka kwa ma cell, komanso kuchuluka kwa acid acid.

    Mlingo ndi makonzedwe

    Njira zochizira komanso Mlingo wamankhwala zimasiyana malinga ndi matenda, zaka, umunthu wa thupi. Mapiritsi amatengedwa pakamwa, ngakhale nthawi yakudya. Mankhwalawa amagwira ntchito kwa maola 12. Mphamvu ya mankhwalawa imachepetsedwa pakatha masiku atatu mutangoyamba kumene kutsata, motero, munthawi ya chithandizo pambuyo masiku atatu ndi masiku awiri yopuma imapangidwa. Sikulimbikitsidwa kumwa mankhwalawa kwa sabata lopitilira chifukwa cha chiopsezo cha metabolic acidosis. Njira yodziyimira yoyenera ya mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zikhalidwe ikuwonetsedwa patebulopo.

    Emphysema ndikuphwanya kwambiri kumwa mankhwala.
    • mavuto akulu a chiwindi ndi impso,
    • kukomoka kwa adrenal,
    • miyala kapena mchenga mu impso kapena chikhodzodzo,
    • kuchuluka kwa sodium ndi potaziyamu m'magazi,
    • uremia
    • matenda a chiwindi,
    • mphumu ya bronchial, emphysema.
    Bweretsani ku zomwe zalembedwa

    Zomwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi odwala matenda ashuga

    Diacarb ikhoza kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, chifukwa chake shuga imatengedwa mosamala komanso mosamalitsa malinga ndi upangiri wa zamankhwala. Mankhwalawa ndi Diakarbom, dokotala angasinthe mlingo wa insulin kapena mankhwala ochepetsa shuga a pakamwa.Pazithandizo zonse, chithunzi cha magazi a shuga chikuyenera kuyang'aniridwa mosamala. Pakadutsa kovuta, mankhwala amathetsedwa.

    Panthawi yamankhwala, ndikofunikira kuchepetsa mchere ndi madzi, komanso onetsetsani kuti mumamwa mankhwala omwe ali ndi potaziyamu (Panangin, Asparkam) ndipo pali zakudya zambiri zopezeka mu kufufuza izi (ma apricots owuma, nthochi).

    Mankhwala ofanana

    Kukonzekera ndi acetazolamide mu gawo la yogwira ntchito ndi "Acetazolamide-Acre", "Fonurit", "Diuremide". Zina mwa mankhwala zoletsa carbonoxidase zimapezeka mu kukonzekera "Daranid", "Neptazan", "Azopt". Mankhwalawa ali ndi zofanizira zofananira ndikugwiritsa ntchito kachitidwe kena kofananako.

    Zizindikiro zogwiritsidwa ntchito

    Mankhwala ali ndi izi:

    • antiepileptic,
    • okodzetsa
    • anti-glaucoma
    • Kuchepetsa kupanikizika kwa intracranial.

    Diakarb adafotokozedwa ngati mankhwala omwe amayenera kumwedwa mwadongosolo pamaso pa opaleshoni kuti achepetse kuthamanga kwa magazi, komanso odwala omwe ali ndi matenda kapena mikhalidwe yotsatirayi:

    • kuchuluka kwazovuta zamkati,
    • khunyu (ndi mitundu yosakanikirana, mankhwalawa amalembedwa ngati chithandizo chovuta),
    • wofatsa kapena wolimbitsa mtima wa edema, wopsinjika ndi mtima wosalephera.

    Kuphatikiza pa zonsezi pamwambapa, mankhwala amatha kulembedwa kuti achepetse vuto la premenstrual syndrome, pofuna kupewa matenda akumapiri, komanso chithandizo chovuta cha glaucoma yachiwiri.

    Kugwiritsa

    Mapiritsi amatengedwa pakamwa, ngakhale chakudyacho. Mankhwala sangathe kutafunidwa, kusweka kapena kuphwanyidwa mwa njira ina iliyonse - kumeza kokha lonse, kutsukidwa ndi madzi okwanira. Zochitika ndizosiyana - nthawi zina kumwa piritsi kumatha kusowa pa chifukwa chimodzi kapena zingapo. Pankhaniyi, musatenge kumwa pawiri. Kuchulukitsa kuchuluka sikukweza mphamvu yolerera, koma kumachepetsa kwambiri.

    Ndikwabwino kuphatikiza kayendetsedwe ka Diakarb kuti zotsatira zake zisadzetse zovuta zilizonse. Poganizira mwatsatanetsatane zomwe zachitika, ndikofunika kumwa mankhwalawa m'mawa komanso masana, kuti mutha kugona mwamtendere osaganizira zopita kuchimbudzi.

    Diacarb: momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga?

    Kodi ndizotheka ndi shuga mellitus Diacarb? Kukula kwa njira ya pathological kumaphatikizapo njira yochenjera osati posankha zakudya, komanso kayendedwe ka mankhwala.

    Kanema (dinani kusewera).

    Kugwiritsa ntchito mapiritsi kungakhale kosiyana - kuyambira pakuchotsa mutu mpaka kukakamizidwa kuti muzitha kugwira ntchito zofunikira zamkati ndi machitidwe a thupi. Ndiye chifukwa chake, chithandizo choyenera chimayenera kukhala ndi njira yolumikizirana ndikuganizira za thanzi la wodwalayo, osati makamaka matenda amodzi.

    Aliyense yemwe ali ndi matenda a shuga ayenera kudziwitsa dokotala za kumwa mapiritsi ndi kupezeka kwa matenda opatsirana.

    Ndi mankhwala ati omwe amaletsedwa kumwa ndi chitukuko cha matenda?

    Mankhwala ochepetsa shuga sikugwirizana nthawi zonse ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ena. Zotsatira zakugwiritsira ntchito molakwika zimatha kukhala kusamvana mu mawonekedwe akuwonjezeka kwambiri kwamisempha. Kuphatikiza apo, kudumphadumpha mu shuga kumawonekera, komwe sikungakhale kwachinsinsi ngakhale ndikusankhidwa koyenera kwa mankhwalawa, chifukwa chake, wodwalayo amayamba kukayikira kuyenera kwa dokotala wake.

    Kanema (dinani kusewera).

    Pafupipafupi milandu ndi pamene matenda a shuga amachititsa kuti matenda ena a mtima azitha - matenda oopsa kapena matenda a mtima. Mankhwalawa achire a matenda oterewa, mankhwala atha kutumizidwa, mothandizidwa ndi insulin kukana.Chifukwa chake, maselo ndi minyewa ya odwala matenda ashuga amasiya kuyankha kupanikizika komwe kumapangidwa ndi insulin. Mankhwalawa akuphatikiza magulu otsatirawa a mankhwalawa:

    1. Kusankha komanso osasankha a beta-blockers omwe amachititsa kuti kagayidwe kazachulukidwe ka carbohydrate. Kuphatikiza apo, zotsatira zawo zimafikira ku metabolidi ya lipid komanso kuwonjezeka kwa kuchuluka kwa cholesterol yoyipa. Oimira akuluakulu a beta-blockers ndi Anaprilin, Atenolol, Bisoprolol, Carvedilol ndi Talinolol.
    2. Thiazide-mtundu diuretics, monga Hypothiazide, Oxodoline kapena Chlortalidone.
    3. Ma calcium calcium blockers okhala ndi kanthawi kochepa kowonekera (Verapamil ndi Nifedipine).

    Ndikwabwino kusinthitsa zakumwa zomwe zaperekedwa pamwambapa ndi mankhwala omwe samakhudzanso kuchuluka kwa glucose m'magazi komanso okhudzana ndi mankhwala osagwirizana nawo. Awa akhoza kukhala oyimilira a calcium calcium blockers okhala ndi nthawi yayitali.

    Kuphatikiza apo, pali mitundu ingapo ya mankhwala omwe samangoletsa matenda a shuga, komanso amatha kuyambitsa chiwonetsero chake. Izi zikuphatikiza ndi awa:

    • mitundu ina ya njira zakulera (makamaka kuchokera pagulu la njira zakulera zophatikizira) ꓼ
    • glucocorticoids, omwe ndi mankhwala a adrenal mahomoniꓼ
    • tridclic antidepressantsꓼ
    • Mankhwala ena a anti-TB (ndikofunikira kwambiri kukana isoniazid) ꓼ
    • kugona mapiritsi kuchokera pagulu la barbituratesꓼ
    • mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndi mavitamini ofotokoza nicotinic acidꓼ
    • mankhwala opha maantiotic ngati doxycyclineꓼ
    • mahomoni azimbudziꓼ
    • kukula kwamafutaꓼ
    • mankhwala omwe amalimbikitsa alpha ndi beta adrenergic receptorsꓼ
    • mankhwala omwe ali ndi mahomoni ena a chithokomiro (thyroxine ndi triiodothyronine) ꓼ
    • mankhwala ena a antihypertensive (diazoxide).

    Kuphatikiza apo, pali mankhwala omwe angakulitse zotsatira za kumwa mankhwala ochepetsa shuga, omwe nthawi zambiri amayambitsa hypoglycemia. Mankhwala akuluakulu omwe angayambitse kutsika kwa shuga (osaphatikizidwa ndi gulu la mankhwala a hypoglycemic) ndi awa:

    1. Mankhwala a antibacterial ochokera ku gulu la sulfonamides.
    2. Mowa wa Ethyl.
    3. Amphetamine (mankhwala osokoneza bongo).
    4. Mankhwala ena a anticholesterol (fibrate).
    5. Pentoxifylline, nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda a mtima.

    Kuphatikiza apo, mankhwala a cytostatic omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito pakupanga khansa kapena rheumatism angayambitse kuchepa kwa shuga.

    Kwa zaka zambiri, kulimbana ndi matenda oopsa osagonjetseka?

    Mkulu wa Sukulu: “Mudzadabwitsidwa momwe kumakhalira kosavuta kuchiza matenda oopsa tsiku lililonse.

    Matenda a shuga ndi matenda osasangalatsa omwe amapatsa wodwala mavuto ambiri. Tsoka ilo, matenda ashuga amatenga malo a 3 muimfa. Ndi matenda amtima ndi a oncological okha omwe "amawatulutsa". Masiku ano, kafukufuku wa njira zamakono zamankhwala adayikidwa pamadongosolo aku feduro m'maiko otsogola padziko lonse lapansi, chifukwa matenda ashuga ndi amodzi mwa mavuto ofunika kwambiri pakubwera kwa anthu.

    Kafukufuku wambiri awonetsa kuti kuwongolera matenda kwakanthawi komanso koyenera kumatha kupewa zovuta zambiri. Sayansi yatsimikizira kuti kuwongolera glycemic kumachepetsa ndipo pafupifupi kunyoza chiopsezo cha micro- ndi macroangiopathy. Kuwongolera glycemia komanso kusamalira magazi pafupipafupi kumachepetsa chiopsezo chokhala ndi matenda a ischemic ndi cerebrovascular. Cholinga chachikulu cha matenda ashuga ndikuwazindikira ndikulipira njira zolakwika za metabolism ya carbohydrate.Tsoka ilo, ndizosatheka kuchiritsa kwathunthu matendawa, koma pali mwayi wokuyendetsa mothandizidwa ndi mankhwala am'badwo watsopano wa matenda ashuga a 2 ndikuyamba kukhala ndi moyo wogwira ntchito.

    Owerenga athu adagwiritsa ntchito bwino ReCardio kuchiza matenda oopsa. Kuwona kutchuka kwa malonda, tidaganiza zoperekera chidwi chanu.
    Werengani zambiri apa ...

    Mankhwala osokoneza bongo a 2 shuga

    Ngati shuga akupezeka m'magazi ndikupeza matenda okhumudwitsa - shuga, chinthu choyamba kuchita ndikusintha kwambiri moyo wanu. Pamafunika pulogalamu yochepetsera kunenepa, kuwonjezera zolimbitsa thupi. Ndi njira iyi yomwe chithandizo chitha kukwaniritsidwa. Koma cholinga chachikulu ndikuchepetsa shuga m'thupi kwa nthawi yayitali, komabe ndikofunikira kuti musankhe mankhwala. Mwachilengedwe, palibe pulogalamu yantchito yonse yamankhwala;

    Akatswiri amati chinthu choyamba chomwe dokotala yemwe wapeza ndi matenda ashuga ayenera kuchita ndi kupereka Metformin kwa wodwala. Ili ndi gawo loyamba la mankhwala (ngati palibe contraindication). Mankhwalawa azitha kukhala ndi phindu lambiri m'magawo a shuga, amathandizira kuchepa thupi, komanso ali ndi mndandanda wocheperako wazotsatira (chinthu chofunikira!) Ndi mtengo wotsika.

    Pali mankhwala ambiri amtundu wa shuga. Amawagawa m'magulu:

    • Biguanides.
    • Kukonzekera kwa Sulfonylurea.
    • Thiazolidinediones (glitazones).
    • Oyang'anira a Prandial (glinids).
    • Α-glucosidase zoletsa.
    • Incretinomimetics.
    • Dipeptidyl peptidase inhibitor - IV.

    Ma biguanides amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ngati mankhwala amakono, ngakhale adayamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuthana ndi matenda ashuga kuposa theka la zaka zapitazo. Koma ena mwaiwo ndi achikale ndipo sakugwiritsidwa ntchito pano. Chifukwa chake, Fenformin ndi Buformin sagwiritsidwa ntchito chifukwa cha kupezeka kwa zotsatira zoyipa - lactate acidosis. Mankhwala okhawo omwe apitiliza kuthandizira masiku ano ndi Metformin.

    Metformin imakhudzanso thupi lathu, kuthandiza kuchepetsa shuga:

    • wophatikizidwa ndi insulin amachepetsa kupanga shuga ndi chiwindi, kukulitsa chidwi cha hepatocytes. Munjira, kumawonjezera kapangidwe ka glycogen ndipo kumachepetsa glycogenolysis,
    • imawonjezera ntchito ya insulin, ndikuchulukitsa kuchuluka kwa ma receptor,
    • imathandizira kukonza njira yochotsa shuga m'thupi,
    • pafupifupi kuwononga mayamwidwe m'matumbo, amatulutsa kuchuluka kwa glycemia. Izi zimachitika chifukwa chakuchepa kwa ziwonetsero za matumbo komanso matumbo ang'onoang'ono,
    • kusintha magwiritsidwe a shuga m'thupi la munthu.

    Chifukwa chake, chochita cha Metformin sicholinga chake pakuchotsa chifukwa chenicheni cha matenda ashuga monga kulepheretsa kuchuluka kwina kwa shuga. Komanso, munthu sangalephere kuzindikira phindu la mankhwalawa pochepetsa chiopsezo cha thrombosis komanso kulolera kwake kwabwino kwa odwala.

    Mankhwala a Metformin amayamba ndi milingo yaying'ono (500 mg kamodzi kapena kawiri pa tsiku) ndi zakudya. Ngati pakatha sabata limodzi mankhwalawo amamwa thupi la wodwalayo bwino, popanda zotsatirapo zoyipa, ndiye kuti muyezowo umachulukitsidwa.

    Mukuyang'ana pa Metformin, palibe amene anganene kuti mankhwalawo adalipo, adadzilimbitsa okha ndikuyamba kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala amakono. Anali wopulumutsirabe, amene anapulumutsa anthu ambiri ku matenda osokoneza bongo. Koma perekani msonkho ku mibadwo yatsopano ya mankhwala a matenda a shuga a 2 ndiyofunikira.

    Zotsatira za mankhwalawa zimatengera kutsegula kwa insulin katulutsidwe (mkuyu. 1). Piritsi ili ndi mphamvu pa kapamba, kutseka njira zakuthamanga za ATP zotseguka za cell membrane ndikutsegula njira za calcium (Ca2 +). Ndikofunikira kuti mankhwalawa amangolumikizana ndi ma pancreatic receptors, kutseka njira zake za potaziyamu.Njira za ATPK zimapezeka mu minofu ya mtima, ndi ma neuron, komanso mu epithelium, ndipo kutsekedwa kwawo kungayambitse zotsatira zosasintha m'thupi.

    Kuchiza nthawi zambiri kumayamba ndi kuchuluka kocheperako, kuwonjezeka kamodzi pa sabata kukwaniritsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi.

    Zotsatira zoyipa za gulu la mankhwala a sulfonylurea:

    • kusalinganika pakapangidwe ka magazi,
    • achina,
    • kunenepa
    • matumbo
    • kuyabwa ndi pakhungu pakhungu,
    • hepatotoxicity.

    Chitsanzo cha mankhwala omwe ali mgululi:

    • Glibenclamide,
    • Euglucon,
    • Glimepiride
    • Glipizide,
    • Glycvidon, etc.

    Gululi la mankhwalawa limakhudza ma receptors ndipo limayesedwa ngati mtundu watsopano wa mankhwala a hypoglycemic. Ma receptor omwe mankhwalawa amalumikizana ndi mankhwalawa amapezeka makamaka mu ma cell a mtima wa adipose ndi minofu minofu. Kuwonjezeka kwa kumva kwa insulin m'matimu awa ndi chiwindi kumayambika chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa majini omwe amalemba mapuloteni omwe amachititsa ntchito yayikulu yamafuta ndi glucose.

    Mu Russian Federation, mankhwala 2 ochokera pagulu lapamwambali amalembetsa ndikuvomerezeka kuti agwiritse ntchito:

    Mankhwalawa sakhala oyenera kwa odwala omwe ali ndi vuto lachiwiri la matenda ashuga, ngati pali vuto lolephera kwa mtima wa magiredi 3-4 ndipo kuwonjezereka kwa hepatic transamisan nthawi 3 kapena kupitilira apo. Ndi zoletsedwa kugwiritsa ntchito pa nthawi yoyembekezera komanso pakubala.

    Kafukufuku wambiri awonetsa kuti thiazolidions (glitazones) ndi othandiza kwambiri pochiza matenda amtundu wa 2 shuga. Pochita mankhwala a rosiglitazone tsiku lililonse (4 mg mkati mwa sabata yoyamba komanso 8 mg mopitilira osakhala ndi zotsatira zoyipa), kuchuluka kwa glycemia kunachepa ndi 1-2 mmol / l ndi 2-3 mmol / l, motsatana.

    Awa ndimankhwala osakhalitsa omwe amachepetsa shuga ya magazi chifukwa chakuthwa kolimba kwa kupanga kwa insulin. Oyang'anira a Prandial amakupatsani mwayi wowongolera glycemia mukangodya.

    Monga sulfonylureas, owongolera a prandial amakhudza kapamba potseka njira zakuya za ATPK za membrane wam' cell ndikutsegula njira za calcium (Ca2 +). Kashiamu yolowa mu cells-cell imathandizanso pakupanga insulin. Kusiyanako ndikuti magulu azamankhwala amakhudza mbali zosiyanasiyana za β-cell.

    Mankhwala otsatirawa a gululi adalembetsa ku Russia:

    Gululi limaphatikizapo mankhwala omwe ali ndi vuto la hypoglycemic chifukwa chakutha kwa chakudya chamagulu mwaitseka malo omangika a ma enzymes omwe ali ndi vuto la mayamwidwe a shuga.

    Ku Russia, inhibitor imodzi yokha imadziwika - Acarbose. Mothandizidwa ndi mankhwalawa, kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamafuta sikuchepa, koma kukonzanso kwawo kumachepera, potero kupewa kutumphuka kwakuthwa mu shuga.

    Mankhwalawa ali ndi phindu ku kapamba, kuchita gawo limodzi ndi ntchito zake, potero amateteza ku kutopa.

    Zotsatira za kafukufuku wa Acarbose ngati njira yolepheretsa matenda ashuga a 2 kukhala ochenjera. Mu gulu lomwe likuwonetsa kukhudzika kwa glucose, chiwopsezo chotenga matendawa chimachepa ndi gawo lachitatu, ndi 37%!

    Zowonjezera (glucagon-polypeptide-1 receptor agonists)

    Mankhwala oyamba a gululi omwe amadziwika ndi gulu lazachipatala padziko lonse lapansi ndi Exenatide. Kuchulukitsa ndi mahomoni am'mimba, ndimayendedwe awo omwe zotsatira za mankhwala a shuga zimagwirizanirana. Mukamadya, mahomoni ambiri amapangidwa omwe amachititsa kuti madzi am'mimbamo azitha, kugwira ntchito kwa ndulu komanso kuperewera kwa michere. Kuchita pamlingo wa mahomoni, ma exenatide amathandizira kupanga insulin ndikuchepetsa kubisalira kwa glucagon, potero amakhala ndi shuga.

    Mankhwala a Exenatide amayamba ndi 5 mcg 2 pa tsiku kwa ola limodzi. Pakatha mwezi umodzi, mlingo umatha kuwiriridwa kawiri.Mutayamba kumwa mankhwalawa matenda a shuga a 2, nthawi zambiri, mseru umachitika, pakadutsa milungu iwiri kapena itatu.

    Mankhwala atsopano kwambiri, omwe amawonekera pamsika wamankhwala posachedwapa, amatchedwa sitagliptin. Mphamvu ya mankhwalawa imafanana kwambiri ndi mphamvu ya exenatide, yomwe tafotokozayi pamwambapa, kutengera timadzi ta m'mimba. Koma mankhwalawa si mtundu wamankhwala ophatikizira! Kukondoweza kwa kuyamwa kwa insulin kumachitika nthawi yomweyo ndi kuchepa kwa kupanga shuga ndi kuwonjezeka kwa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi a wodwalayo.

    Sitagliptin anafufuzidwa mobwerezabwereza, ndipo gulu lazachipatala lapadziko lonse lapansi linazindikira izi:

    • Mankhwalawa amathandizira kutsika kwakukulu pakupanga shuga m'magazi.
    • Zimathandizira kuchepetsa kwakukulu kwa glucose wa plasma mutatha kudya.
    • Imachepetsa hemoglobin wa glycated kukhala yofanana.
    • Imawongolera magwiridwe antchito a β-cell.

    Ubwino wosakayikira wa mankhwalawo ndikuti sukusokoneza kulemera kwa thupi, chifukwa chake utha kugwiritsidwa ntchito mosamala ngakhale ndi odwala omwe ali ndi kunenepa kwambiri. Mphamvu ya mankhwalawa ndi yayitali, njira zoyendetsera makonzedwe ake ndi 1 nthawi patsiku.

    Msika wamakono wamankhwala uli ndi mitundu yonse ya mankhwala ochepetsa shuga. Koma akatswiri amaganiza kuti ngati zakudya zolimbitsa thupi komanso kuchuluka kwa mankhwala ochepetsa shuga sizingabweretse zotsatira zomwe zikuyembekezeka ndipo glycemia sichizirala, ndikofunikira kuyambitsa insulin. Kuphatikiza ndi magulu omwe afotokozeredwa pamwambapa a mankhwala am'badwo watsopano, ma insulini amalola kuwongolera kwathunthu pamagazi a shuga odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a mtundu wachiwiri. Osamachita mankhwala a insulin ngati, pazifukwa zilizonse, opaleshoni ikuwonetsedwa kwa odwala matenda ashuga.

    Zovuta zamakono
    Ma insulin achidule (maola 6-8):

    • Insuman Rapid,
    • Humulin Wokhazikika,
    • Actrapid NM.

    Ultrashort insulin (maola 3-4):

    Kutalika kwapakatikati kosungira (maora 12-16):

    • Protafan NM,
    • Humulin NPH,
    • Insuman basal.

    Ma insulin okhazikika (maola 16 mpaka 29):

    Zophatikiza zochita zake:

    • Humulin MZ,
    • Kusakaniza kwa Humalog,
    • Mikstard NM,
    • Insuman Comb.

    Therapy yokhala ndi mulingo wabwinobwino wa shuga imasankhidwa kwa wodwala aliyense payekhapayekha, poganizira chiopsezo cha zotsatira zoyipa komanso kuzindikira kwa thupi la gulu linalake la mankhwala. Mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda a shuga ukapezeka, Metformin ndi omwe amakayikira. Ngati sizotheka kukwaniritsa glycemia, mankhwala atsopano a gulu lomwelo kapena mankhwala ophatikiza amasankhidwa.

    Samalirani thanzi lanu!

    Kodi dyslipidemia ndi odwala matenda ashuga

    Zizindikiro za shuga wamagazi (shuga)

    • Chithandizo
    • Kuchepetsa
    • Mitsempha ya Varicose
    • Bangi ya msomali
    • Kunamizira nkhondo
    • Kuthamanga kwa magazi (matenda oopsa)

    Mapiritsi yoyera, yozungulira, ya biconvex.

    Omwe amathandizira: cellcrystalline cellulose - 80.76 mg, povidone - 8.64 mg, colloidal silicon dioxide - 1,8 mg, croscarmellose sodium - 7 mg, magnesium stearate - 1.8 mg.

    Ma PC 10 - matuza (3) - mapaketi a makatoni.

    Acetazolamide ndi systemic carbonic anhydrase inhibitor yokhala ndi ofooka okodzetsa. Carbonic anhydrase (KA) ndi enzyme yomwe imakhudzidwa ndi kayendedwe ka hydration kaboni dioxide komanso kuchepa kwa madzi a carbonic acid. Kuletsa kwa carbonic anhydrase kumachepetsa mapangidwe a bicarbonate ions, ndikutsatira kuchepa kwa kayendedwe ka sodium m'maselo. Zotsatira za kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa Diacarb ndi chifukwa cha momwe molekyuli amagwiritsira ntchito: ma cell a ubongo, proximal nephron, thupi logwira maso, maselo ofiira am'magazi.

    Acetazolamide imagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda amadzimadzi am'magazi komanso chithokomiro cha intracranial pochepetsa kupezeka kwamadzimadzi am'magazi pazinthu zina zotulutsa ubongo.Kuletsa kwa carbonic anhydrase mu ependymocytes ya mtima kuphatikizira kwamitsempha kumachepetsa kutsutsa koipa kwambiri m'maselo a ependymal ndikuchepetsa kusefukira kwamadzi mu plity yamitsempha yamaubongo.

    Acetazolamide ntchito mankhwalawa edematous syndrome chifukwa ofooka diuretic kwenikweni. Zotsatira za kulepheretsa kwa ntchito ya carbonic anhydrase mu gawo la nephron, pali kuchepa kwa kupangika kwa carbonic acid ndi kuchepa kwa kubwezeretsanso kwa bicarbonate ndi Na + ndi tubule epithelium, chifukwa chake, kutulutsidwa kwa madzi kumawonjezeka kwambiri. Acetazolamide imawonjezera kuchuluka kwa ma bicarbonates, omwe angayambitse kukula kwa metabolic acidosis. Acetazolamide imapangitsa impso kuti zimveke phosphates, magnesium, calcium, zomwe zimapangitsanso matenda a metabolic. Pamasiku atatu otsatira, kupatsidwanso mphamvu kwa Na + mu mpweya wa distal kumakhala kovuta, ndikuchepetsa kukodzetsa kwa mankhwala a Diacarb.

    Pambuyo masiku atatu kuyambira poyambira kugwiritsidwa ntchito, acetazolamide imataya katundu wake wa diuretic. Pakupuma kwa mankhwalawa kwa masiku angapo, acetazolamide yomwe yangosankhidwa kumene imayambiranso kukodzetsa chifukwa kubwezeretsa kwachilendo kwa carbonic anhydrase ya nephron yovomerezeka.

    Acetazolamide imagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza glaucoma. Pakapangika nthito yamaso, ma bicarbonate ion amayendetsedwa mwachangu m'chipinda chotsalira kuchokera ku ma cytoplasm a maselo osakhala a pigment kuti alipire malipiro okhudzana ndi ma ioni abwino chifukwa cha mayendedwe othandizira a Na + ions. Inhibitors za CA zimalepheretsa kupanga kwa carbonic acid, motero zimachepetsa kupanga HCO3 -. Palibe ma Hioni ions ambiri3 - zabwino za ion zimawonjezera, zomwe zimayambitsa kuchepa kwa chinsinsi cha nthabwala zamadzi. Kuletsa kwa kaboni kaboni anhydrase wa thupi ciliary kumachepetsa kubisika kwa madzi oseketsa a chipinda chamaso cha diso, komwe kumachepetsa kuponderezana kwamphamvu. Kulekerera izi sikukula. Mukatenga acetazolamide, ophthalmotonus imayamba kuchepa pambuyo pa mphindi 40-60, kuchuluka kwa zochita kumawonedwa pambuyo pa maola 3-5, kukakamiza kwa mitsempha kumakhalabe kumunsi kwa gawo loyambira kwa maola 6-12. Pafupifupi, kukakamira kwa intraocular kumachepa ndi 40-60% kuchokera pamlingo woyamba.

    Mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati othandizira pa matenda a khunyu, chifukwa chopinga wa carbonic anhydrase mu maselo mitsempha yaubongo imalepheretsa kusangalala kwa pathological.

    Acetazolamide imayamwa bwino kuchokera m'mimba. Pambuyo kumwa mankhwala mkati mwa 500 mg Cmax ntchito yogwira ndi 12-27 μg / ml ndipo imatheka pambuyo pa maola 1-3. Kusuntha pang'ono kwa acetazolamide mu plasma kumakhalabe kwa maola 24 mutatha kumwa mankhwalawa.

    Kugawa komanso kagayidwe

    Imagawidwa m'magazi ofiira, m'magazi am'magazi komanso mu impso, pang'ono - chiwindi, minofu, eyeball ndi mantha dongosolo. Imalowa mkati mwa chotchinga chachikulu, chotsekedwa pang'ono mkaka wa m'mawere.

    Simadzikundikira minofu ndipo samapangidwira m'thupi.

    Imafufutidwa ndi impso zosasinthika. Pafupifupi 90% ya mankhwalawa amamuchotsa mkodzo mkati mwa maola 24.

    - edematous syndrome (kufatsa kapena pang'ono, kuphatikiza ndi alkalosis),

    - mpumulo wa matenda a glaucoma woopsa, kukonzekera kwa odwala, makulidwe achulukane a glaucoma

    - ndi khunyu monga mankhwala owonjezera othandizira antiepileptic mankhwala,

    - matenda apamwamba kwambiri (mankhwalawa amachepetsa nthawi yovomerezeka),

    - zovuta zakumwa zoledzeretsa, kuchuluka kwa matenda oopsa (chosaopsa intracranial hypertension, intracranial hypertension pambuyo pa opaleshoni yam'mimba yodutsa) pachipatala chovuta.

    - Kulephera kwaimpso,

    - Kulephera kwa chiwindi (chiopsezo chokhala ndi encephalopathy),

    - Ine trimester wa mimba,

    - ana osakwana zaka 3,

    - Hypersensitivity ku zigawo za mankhwala.

    Ndi chisamaliro: edema ya hepatic ndi aimpso, munthawi yomweyo makonzedwe acetylsalicylic acid (waukulu kuposa 300 mg / tsiku), pulmonary embolism ndi emphysema (chiopsezo cha acidosis), II ndi III trimesters wa mimba.

    Mankhwala amatengedwa pakamwa, mosamalitsa monga adanenera.

    Pakusowa kwa mankhwalawa, mlingo wotsatira suyenera kuchuluka.

    Kumayambiriro kwa mankhwalawa, imwani 250 mg m'mawa. Kuti mukwaniritse diuretic kwambiri, ndikofunikira kutenga Diacarb 1 nthawi / tsiku lililonse tsiku lililonse kapena masiku awiri motsatana ndi kupumula kwa tsiku limodzi. Kuchulukitsa kwa mankhwalawa sikuti kumapangitsa kuti pakhale diuretic.

    Diacarb iyenera kutengedwa ngati gawo la zovuta mankhwala.

    Akuluakulu at open glaucoma mankhwala mankhwala 250 mg / 4 mg / tsiku. Mlingo wowonjezera wa 1000 mg musachulukitse zochizira. At sekondale yachiwiri Mankhwala ndi mankhwala 250 mg maola 4 alionse masana. Odwala ena, achire zotsatira kuwonekera pambuyo yochepa makonzedwe a mankhwala pa 250 mg 2 kawiri / tsiku. At pachimake glaucoma - 250 mg 4 nthawi / tsiku.

    Ana opitilira zaka 3 at glaucoma akuukira - 10-15 mg / kg kulemera kwa thupi / tsiku mu Mlingo wa 3-4.

    Pambuyo masiku 5 kuvomerezedwa, yopuma kwa masiku awiri. Ndi chithandizo chotenga nthawi yayitali, ndikofunikira kupereka kukonzekera kwa potaziyamu, zakudya zoteteza potaziyamu.

    At kukonzekera opareshoni sankha 250-500 mg tsiku lisanafike m'mawa patsiku la opareshoni.

    Mlingo wa Za akulu: 250-500 mg / tsiku mu 1 mlingo wa masiku atatu, pa 4th yopuma.

    Pogwiritsa ntchito munthawi yomweyo acetazolamide ndi anticonvulsants ena, 250 mg 1 nthawi / tsiku limagwiritsidwa ntchito kumayambiriro kwa chithandizo, pang'onopang'ono kuwonjezera mlingo ngati pakufunika.

    Mlingo wa ana opitilira zaka 3: 8-30 mg / kg / tsiku, logawidwa mu Mlingo wa 1-4. Mlingo wapamwamba tsiku lililonse ndi 750 mg.

    Matenda owopsa kwambiri

    Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo a 500-1000 mg / tsiku tikulimbikitsidwa. Ngati mungathe kukwera msanga - 1000 mg / tsiku.

    Mankhwalawa ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito maola 24-48 musanakwere. Ngati zizindikiro za matenda, chithandizo chimapitilizidwa kwa maola 48 kapena kupitilira, ngati kuli kotheka.

    Matenda a Liquorodynamic, matenda oopsa a intracranial

    Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa mu 250 mg / tsiku kapena 125-250 mg maola 8 mpaka 6 aliwonse. Mankhwala abwino kwambiri amakwaniritsidwa ngati mlingo wa 750 mg / tsiku watengedwa. Kuti mukwaniritse bwino mankhwalawa, mankhwala osafunikira tsiku lililonse angafunike.

    Zotsatira zosafunika zimayang'aniridwa malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa zomwe zimachitika komanso malinga ndi ziwalo ndi machitidwe. Kutanthauzira kotsatiraku kwa pafupipafupi kwa zotsatira zosafunikira kumavomerezedwa: nthawi zambiri (> 1/10), nthawi zambiri (> 1/100, 1/1000, 1/10 000,

    Mankhwala "Diacarb" ali ndi diuretic yaying'ono, amachepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi mkati mwa chigaza, amachotsa mawonekedwe a glaucoma, ndipo amalepheretsa kugwidwa. Mankhwalawa amatha kuchulukitsa shuga wamagazi, choncho ndi shuga "Diacarb" sikulimbikitsidwa. Mu vuto, vuto limangogwiritsidwa ntchito motsogozedwa ndi dokotala.

    Yogwira pophika mankhwala ndi acetazolamide. Kuchita kwa thunthu zimachokera pa kukakamiza kwa ntchito ya enzyme carbonoxidase mu aimpso tubules, maso ndi minyewa. Kamodzi m'thupi, imatengedwa mwachangu kuchokera kugaya chakudya. Mankhwala ali ndi zotsatirazi zingapo zotsatira:

    • diuretic - kuchepetsa kubwezeretsanso kuyamwa kwa ayoni sodium, kumachulukitsa kuchuluka kwa madzi kuchoka, potaziyamu, magnesium, calcium ion,
    • antiglaucoma - amachepetsa kapangidwe ka madzimadzi mu chipinda chamaso chamaso, kuchepetsa kukanikizika m'maso,
    • kutsitsa mkati mwa chigaza - kumalepheretsa mapangidwe amadzimadzi a cerebrospinal ndikusintha kutulutsa kwake,
    • antiepileptic - limalepheretsa malingaliro achisokonezo mu chithokomiro cha chithokomiro.

    Mankhwalawa amapezeka ngati mapiritsi oyera a biconvex oyikiritsa pakamwa ali ndi 250 mg ya acetazolamide. Pamankhwala, mankhwalawa amagulitsidwa m'mapaketi a 12, 24, 30 ma PC. pachimake.Zina zothandizira ndi mbatata wowuma, talc, starch sodium glycolate kapena silicon oxide, povidone, cellcrystalline cellulose, ndi magnesium stearate.

    Chifukwa cha zovuta zake zingapo, mapiritsi a Diakarb amatengedwa onse limodzi ndi mankhwala ena ndikudziyimira pawokha. Amawonetsedwa kuti agwiritse ntchito zotsatirazi zamagulu ndi matenda:

    Nthawi zambiri mankhwalawa amathandizidwa kuti azidwala odwala.

    • kutupa
    • glaucoma (amachepetsa kupanikizika mkati mwa chipinda cha diso ngati mwadzidzidzi wavulala kapena kukonzekera opareshoni)
    • khunyu (gawo lothandizira pakuchiritsa),
    • matenda oopsa mkati mwa cranium,
    • Kuchulukitsa kwapakati kwamakutu amkati,
    • Kupititsa patsogolo kwa kuzolowera matenda akumapiri,
    • mawonekedwe a uric acid amchere mu mafupa,
    • mawonetseredwe a premenstrual syndrome.

    Panthawi yayitali, "Diakarbom" imayenera kuyesedwa kamodzi pakadutsa milungu iwiri, kuyang'anira kuchuluka kwa ma elekitirodi, kuchuluka kwa ma cell, komanso kuchuluka kwa acid acid.

    Njira zochizira komanso Mlingo wamankhwala zimasiyana malinga ndi matenda, zaka, umunthu wa thupi. Mapiritsi amatengedwa pakamwa, ngakhale nthawi yakudya. Mankhwalawa amagwira ntchito kwa maola 12. Mphamvu ya mankhwalawa imachepetsedwa pakatha masiku atatu mutangoyamba kumene kutsata, motero, munthawi ya chithandizo pambuyo masiku atatu ndi masiku awiri yopuma imapangidwa. Sikulimbikitsidwa kumwa mankhwalawa kwa sabata lopitilira chifukwa cha chiopsezo cha metabolic acidosis. Njira yodziyimira yoyenera ya mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zikhalidwe ikuwonetsedwa patebulopo.

    Mapiritsi yoyera, yozungulira, ya biconvex.

    Othandizira: microcrystalline cellulose, povidone, croscarmellose sodium, colloidal silicon dioxide, magnesium stearate.

    Ma PC 10 - matumba otumphukira (3) - mapaketi a makatoni.

    Diuretic ku gulu la carbonic anhydrase zoletsa ofooka diuretic. Limagwirira ntchito limalumikizidwa ndi zoletsa kutulutsidwa kwa Na + ndi H + ions mu molekyu ya carbonic acid. Kuletsa ntchito ya carbonic anhydrase ndi Diacarb linalake ndipo tikulephera kaphatikizidwe kabonidwe acid mu proximal tubule wa nephron. Kuperewera kwa kaboni kaboni, komwe ndi gwero la H + ions zofunika kusintha ndi Na + ions, kumawonjezera kutulutsa kwa sodium ndi madzi ndi impso. Zotsatira zakumasulidwa kwa sodium yambiri kumadera akumidzi a nephron, motsogozedwa ndi Diakarb, kulowetsedwa kwa Na + ions ndi K + ions kumawonjezera, zomwe zimayambitsa kutaya kwakukulu kwa potaziyamu ndikukula kwa hypokalemia. Diacarb imakulitsa kuchuluka kwa ma bicarbonates, omwe angayambitse kukula kwa metabolic acidosis. Diacarb imayambitsa mkodzo excretion wa phosphate, magnesium, calcium, womwe ungayambitsenso matenda a metabolic.

    Patatha masiku atatu kuyambira pomwe ntchito, Diakarb amataya zinthu zake zamagetsi. Pakupuma kwa mankhwalawa kwa masiku angapo, Diacarb yomwe yangosankhidwa kumene imayambiranso kukodzetsa chifukwa kubwezeretsa kwachilendo kwa ntchito ya carbonic anhydrase.

    Zomwe zimachitika mwadzidzidzi diacarb amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza glaucoma. Kuletsa kwachileary kaboni anhydrase kumachepetsa kubisika kwa madzi kuseka kwa chipinda chamkati chamaso, komwe kumachepetsa kupanikizika.

    Mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala osokoneza bongo a khunyu. Kuletsa kwa carbonic anhydrase m'mitsempha yamaubongo kumalepheretsa kusangalala kwa pathological.

    Diacarb imagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda osokoneza bongo a cerebrospinal fluid komanso intracranial hypertension. Mankhwala amalepheretsa ntchito ya mpweya wa m'magazi mu ubongo, makamaka, pazinthu zam'mimba zomwe zimachepa pakupanga kwamadzimadzi.

    Diacarb amasintha boma la acid-base mu njira ya metabolic acidosis, yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda kupuma, kuphatikiza Matenda a apnea m'maloto apakati.

    Acetazolamide imayamwa bwino kuchokera m'mimba. Pambuyo m`kamwa makonzedwe pa 500 mg Cmax (12-27 mcg / ml) imatheka pambuyo pa maola 1-3.Pakukhazikika kwakanthawi, imasungidwa m'magazi kwa maola 24 kuyambira nthawi yoyendetsa.

    Kugawa komanso kagayidwe

    Simadzikundikira minofu ndipo samapangidwira m'thupi.

    Acetazolamide imawoloka chotchinga. Pang'ono ndikuti amathiridwa mkaka wa m'mawere.

    Imafufutidwa ndi impso zosasinthika. Pambuyo pakulowetsa, pafupifupi 90% ya mankhwalawa amatengedwa mumkodzo mkati mwa maola 24.

    • kutupa ndi kulephera kwa mtima kapena mankhwala
    • aakulu lotseguka maso glaucoma, yachiwiri glaucoma, kutsekeka kwatseka khungu (kuchepetsa kuchepa kwa magazi ndi kwaposachedwa kuchitira mankhwala komanso pamaso pa ophthalmic njira zomwe zitha kupangitsa kuti pachimake kuwonongeka kwa khungu-kutsekeka glaucoma),
    • khunyu (kuphatikiza ndi anticonvulsants ena) - kwa khunyu kakang'ono (petit mal) mwa ana ndi kugwidwa kwakukulu (akulu mal) mwa akulu, ndi mitundu yosakanizika,
    • matenda okwera kwambiri (mankhwalawa amachepetsa nthawi yovomerezedwa, koma momwe zimawonekera pakuwonetsa matendawa palokha).
    • kuchuluka kwa intracranial anzawo (chosaopsa intracranial matenda oopsa, intracranial matenda oopsa pambuyo opaleshoni yam'mimba yodutsa).

    Mankhwala amatengedwa pakamwa. Pofuna kusowa kwa mankhwalawa, musachulukitse mlingo wotsatira.

    Mlingo wa mankhwalawa uyenera kutsimikiziridwa payekha malinga ndi phindu la kukhathamiritsa kwa intraocular.

      250 mg (1 tabu.) 1-4 nthawi / tsiku.

    Mlingo pamwambapa 1 g (mapiritsi 4) samapititsa patsogolo njira zochizira.

      250 mg (1 tabu.) Maola 4 aliwonse

    Mwa odwala ena, chithandizo chamankhwala chimawonekera pambuyo pa 250 mg (1 tabu.) 2 kawiri / tsiku (ndi chithandizo chanthawi yochepa).

    At pachimake-kutsekeka glaucoma kuukira Mlingo woyambirira ndi 500 mg (mapiritsi 2), ndiye kuti mlingo umachepetsedwa kukhala 125 mg (mapiritsi 1/2) kapena 250 mg (piritsi 1) 4 kapena tsiku.

    Akuluakulu zotchulidwa mu 250-500 mg / tsiku limodzi mlingo 3 masiku, pa 4 tsiku - yopuma.

    Ndi munthawi yomweyo kugwiritsa ntchito acetazolamide ndi anticonvulsants ena, 250 mg (1 tabu. 1 nthawi / tsiku limagwiritsidwa ntchito koyambirira kwa chithandizo, pang'onopang'ono kuwonjezera mlingo ngati pakufunika.

    Ana a zaka 4-12 miyezi zotchulidwa muyezo wa 50 mg / tsiku mu Mlingo wa 1-2, ali ndi zaka 2-3 - 50-125 mg / tsiku mu Mlingo wa 1-2, zaka 4-18 zaka - 125-250 mg 1 nthawi / tsiku m'mawa.

    Mu ana, mankhwalawa sayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito muyezo woposa 750 mg / tsiku.

    Edema yolephera

    Mlingo woyambirira wa mankhwalawa ndi 250-375 mg (1-1,5 tabu. 1 nthawi / tsiku m'mawa.

    Kwambiri diuretic zotsatira zimatheka mukamamwa mankhwalawa tsiku lililonse kapena masiku awiri motsatana ndikupumula kwa tsiku limodzi.

    Pochizira kulephera kwa mtima, Diakarb amalembedwa motsutsana ndi maziko a mankhwala ochizira, mwachitsanzo, kuperekedwa kwa mtima glycosides, kukonzekera kwa potaziyamu, zakudya zokhala ndi sodium yochepa).

    Kutupa chifukwa cha mankhwala

    250-375 mg (1-1.5 tabu.) Ndikulimbikitsidwa nthawi 1 / tsiku kapena masiku awiri motsatira ndi kupumula kwa tsiku limodzi.

    Matenda Akuluakulu

    Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo a 500-1000 mg (mapiritsi a 2-4) patsiku muyezo womwewo akulimbikitsidwa.

    Ngati mukukwera mwachangu - 1 g (mapiritsi 4) patsiku mulingo wofanana.

    Mankhwalawa ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito maola 24-48 musanakwere. Ngati zizindikiro za matenda, chithandizo chimapitilizidwa kwa maola 48 kapena kupitilira, ngati kuli kotheka.

    Ndikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito Diakarba pa mlingo wa 250 mg (1 tabu.) Patsiku lililonse kapena 125-250 mg (1 / 2-1 tabu.) Maola 8-12 aliwonse.

    Kwambiri achire zotsatira zimatheka mukamwa mlingo wa 750 mg (mapiritsi 3) patsiku muyezo waukulu.

    Ndi kusagwira ntchito mobwerezabwereza kwa ma punctures a lumbar n`zotheka kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa 500 mg 3 katatu / tsiku.

    Chithandizo cha Diacarb chimaphatikizidwa ndi malire a mchere ndi regimen yamadzi.

    Kuchokera ku dongosolo lamanjenje:

      paresthesia, kuwonongeka kwa makutu kapena tinnitus, kugona ndi kusokonezeka, kufooka kwa ziwalo zam'mimba, Photophobia, kufooka kwa ziwalo.

    Kuchokera m'mimba:

      kusowa kwa chakudya, nseru, kusanza, kutsegula m'mimba, kusokonezeka kwa m'mimba, kutsekula m'mimba ndi polyuria, hepatic colic.

    Kuchokera kumbali ya kagayidwe:

      kagayidwe kachakudya acidosis ndi electrolyte vutoli, glucosuria.

    Kuchokera kumbali ya gawo la masomphenyawo:

      urticaria, anaphylaxis, erythema multiforme, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, matenda a Lyell.

    Kuchokera pamikodzo:

      aimpso colic, aimpso kulephera, nephrolithiasis, urolithiasis, hematuria.

    Kuchokera ku hemopoietic system:

      agranulocytosis, thrombocytopenia, leukopenia ndi aplastic anemia, kusowa kwa mafupa a ntchito, pancytopenia.

      kutentha kotentha, chidwi chowonjezereka.


    1. Kasatkina E.P. Matenda a shuga a ana: monograph. , Mankhwala - M., 2011 .-- 272 p.

    2. Betty, Tsamba la Brackenridge Diabetes 101: Malangizo Osavuta Komanso Odula Kwa Omwe Amatenga Insulin: A Monograph. / Betty Tsamba Brackenridge, Richard O. Dolinar. - M: Polina, 1996 .-- 192 p.

    3. Endocrinology. Big Medical Encyclopedia, Eksmo - M., 2011. - 608 c.

    Ndiloleni ndidziwitse. Dzina langa ndi Elena. Ndakhala ndikugwira ntchito ya endocrinologist kwa zaka zoposa 10. Ndikukhulupirira kuti pakadali pano ndili katswiri pantchito yanga ndipo ndikufuna kuthandiza alendo onse omwe amapezeka pamalowo kuti athetse zovuta osati ntchito. Zinthu zonse za tsambalo amazisonkhanitsa ndikuzikonza mosamala kuti athe kufotokoza zambiri zofunikira. Musanagwiritse ntchito zomwe zikufotokozedwa pa webusayiti, kukambirana ndi akatswiri ndizofunikira nthawi zonse.

    Kupanga ndi mawonekedwe a kumasulidwa

    Pakadali pano, Diacarb ikupezeka mu mtundu umodzi - mapiritsi amkamwa. Mapiritsiwo ndi opakidwa zoyera, ali ndi mawonekedwe ozungulira, a biconvex ndipo amaperekedwa ku malo ogulitsa mankhwala okhala m'mizere ya 10, 24 ndi 30.

    Zomwe mapiritsiwo akuphatikizira akuphatikizira acetazolamide Mlingo umodzi wa 250 mg. Ndiye kuti, piritsi lililonse la Diakarb lili ndi 250 mg yogwira ntchito. Monga zigawo zothandizira, zinthu zotsatirazi nthawi zambiri zimaphatikizidwa pakuphatikizidwa kwa mapiritsi a Diakarb:

    • Silica colloidal
    • Sodium Croscarmellose,
    • Microcrystalline mapadi,
    • Povidone
    • Magnesium wakuba.

    Nthawi zina, mapiritsi a Diacarb, osati omwe atchulidwa pamwambapa amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zida zothandizira, koma wowuma wa mbatata, talc ndi sodium starch glycolate.

    Magawo onse awiri a mapiritsi a Diacarb amavomerezeka ndi otetezeka. Pokhapokha pazinthu zilizonse, wopanga amasankha kuti atenge mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya okonda. Mapiritsi okhala ndi zigawo zonse ziwiri za osapatsidwa samasiyana wina ndi mnzake pakuvutikira kwa chithandizo, kotero njira ina iliyonse ingatengedwe chithandizo.

    Chofunikira chokha chomwe muyenera kudziwa momwe zinthu zopangidwira zimathandizira ndizomwe zimapangitsa kuti thupi lanu lisagwire kapena kuti lisinthe. Pankhaniyi, ndikofunikira kusankha Diacarb ndi zida zothandizira, zomwe palibe munthu amene samayanjana nazo. Ngati munthu ayamba kugwiritsa ntchito Diakarb, ndipo wayambika, ndiye kuti ayenera kuyesa kumwa mankhwalawo pogwiritsa ntchito mitundu ina yothandizira. Ngati mankhwalawo akayamba kuyamwa, muyenera kusiya kumwa mankhwalawo ndipo mudzikumbukire nokha kuti mankhwalawa amayamba kugundana ndi acetazolamide.

    Zochizira zotsatira (zomwe mapiritsi a Diacarb)

    Diacarb ali ndi zotsatirazi zochizira:

    • Zochita kuchitira
    • Antiepileptic kwenikweni
    • Antiglaucoma kanthu
    • Amachepetsa kuponderezana.

    Zochita kuchitira Diakarba wokhudzana ndi ma diuretics ena ndi ofooka, koma akuwonekera. Amayendedwe a diuretic zochita za Diakarb ndiwakuti, ndi kuchuluka kwamkodzo kwamkodzo, potaziyamu yambiri amachotsedwa m'thupi nthawi yomweyo ndi madzi. Ndiye chifukwa chake, motsutsana ndi kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka Diakarb, ndikofunikira kuwonjezera kukonzekera kwa potaziyamu (mwachitsanzo, Asparkam, Panangin, Aspangin, ndi zina) pofuna kubwezeretsanso kuchuluka kwazomwe zimachitika m'magazi ndi maselo, komanso kupewa hypokalemia (ndende ya potaziyamu m'magazi ndi yotsika. zikhalidwe).

    Kuphatikiza apo, Diacarb imawonjezera kukodza kwamayendedwe a phosphates, magnesium ndi calcium, koma ochepa kwambiri kuposa potaziyamu.Komabe, pogwiritsa ntchito nthawi yayitali Diacarb (yayitali kuposa milungu iwiri motsatizana), ndikofunikira kukumbukira izi ndikutenga calcium zowonjezera, kukonzekera ndi phosphorous kuti muchepetse kukula kwa zovuta za metabolic.

    Limagwirira ntchito a Diakarb ndiwakuti pambuyo masiku atatu atagwiritsidwa ntchito, amasiya kutaya mphamvu. Chifukwa chake, kumwa mankhwalawa kuti uchotse madzi kuchokera mthupi kwa masiku opitilira atatu mosiyanasiyana kulibe ntchito. Komabe, ngati patatha masiku awiri mpaka atatu atamwa Diakarb, pumulani pang'ono kwa masiku 1 mpaka 3, ndiye kuti mankhwalawa ayambanso kukodzetsa. Ichi ndichifukwa chake Diacarb sayenera kumwedwa mosalekeza, koma pang'onopang'ono, kuti mankhwalawa asataye mphamvu yokhudza diuretic.

    Kuphatikiza pa diuretic zotsatira, Diakarb alinso antiglaucoma kanthu, ndiye kuti, amachepetsa kupanikizika kwamatumbo. Mankhwala amachepetsa kuchuluka kwa chinyezi chopangidwa m'chipinda cham'maso cha diso, potero, amachepetsa kupanikizika.

    Kuphatikiza apo, Diakarb amachepetsa kuchuluka kwa chinyezi chomwe chimapangidwa mumitsempha ya ubongo ndi madzi amadzimadzi, zomwe zimathandizira kusintha mphamvu yamadzi ndi kuchepa kwa kuthina kwa intracranial. Chifukwa chake, mankhwalawa nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda osiyanasiyana omwe amakhudzidwa ndi kukakamizidwa kwa intracranial.

    Antiepileptic kwenikweni Diakarba ndi chifukwa chakuti mankhwalawa amalepheretsa chidwi cha zigawo za ubongo.

    Kuphatikiza pazotsatira zazikulu zomwe zikusonyeza, muzochita zamankhwala, zotsatira zoyipa za mankhwala zimagwiritsidwa ntchito - kuthekera kuyambitsa metabolic acidosis. Chowonadi ndi chakuti metabolic acidosis imathetsa bwino kupuma, kuphatikizapo kugona kwa tulo.

    Malamulo ogwiritsira ntchito

    Mapiritsi amayenera kumwedwa pakamwa, mosasamala chakudya, kuwameza iwo onse, osaluma, kutafuna kapena kuphwanya mwanjira ina iliyonse, koma ndi madzi ambiri (theka lagalasi ndi lokwanira).

    Ngati mwaphonya mwanjira yotsatira ya Diakarb, ndiye kuti simuyenera kumwa kawiri tsiku lotsatira, kuyesera kubwezeretsanso kuchuluka kwa mankhwalawo mthupi. Chowonadi ndi chakuti kumwa Mlingo wambiri wa Diakarb wowonjezera pazomwe amalimbikitsa sikuti kumapangitsanso kukondoweza, koma, m'malo mwake, kumafooketsa. Chifukwa chake, kumwa mlingo waukulu wa Diakarb kumatha kuyambitsa zovuta, koma sizikhala ndi mphamvu yodzetsa thupi konse.

    Ndikwabwino kumwa mankhwalawa m'mawa kapena masana, kuti muthe kupita kuchimbudzi modekha osavutika ndikudzuka kwamadzulo chifukwa chofuna kukodza.

    Malamulo a Diacarb

    Popeza kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa Diakarb kwa masiku opitilira atatu otsatizana kumapangitsa kuti mankhwalawo athe kuchepa kwathunthu, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zonse. Kuphulika pakutenga Diakarb ndikofunikira kuti thupi lipumule ndikuchira, ndipo mankhwalawa adayambanso kukhala ndi diuretic kwambiri momwe angathere.

    Pakadali pano, regimen yotsatira ya Diakarb itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito:

    1. Imwani ndi mapiritsi ake Diacarb tsiku lililonse tsiku lililonse,
    2. Tengani mapiritsi mu mlingo wofunikira masiku awiri otsatizana, ndiye kuti mupumule tsiku limodzi. Mukapuma, imwani mankhwalawa kwa masiku awiri motsatizana, ndiye kuti mupumulanso kwa tsiku limodzi, ndi zina zambiri,
    3. Tengani mapiritsi mu mlingo wofunikira masiku atatu otsatizana, kenako yopuma kwa masiku 1 mpaka awiri. Mukatha kupuma, imwani piritsi kachiwiri kwa masiku atatu, kenanso kupuma pang'onopang'ono, etc.

    Kutalika kwa maphunziro a mankhwalawa kumawerengeredwa kokha masiku omwe mapiritsi adamwa. Mwachitsanzo, ngati zikuwonetsedwa kuti Diacarb iyenera kumwedwa mkati mwa masiku 10, izi zikutanthauza kuti sikuti masiku onse a mankhwalawa azikhala masiku 10, ndipo mapiritsi ayenera kumwa kwa masiku 10, osaganizira nthawi yopuma.Ngati dokotala akuwonetsa kutalika kwa mankhwalawa, poganizira nthawi yopuma, ndiye kuti amafotokoza payekhapayekha, akumayang'ana kwambiri munthu pa chofunikachi.

    Ma regimens omwe akuwonetsedwa pakugwiritsa ntchito Diakarb amagwiritsidwa ntchito matenda osiyanasiyana. Kuphatikiza apo, ngati njira yoyenera kapena yoyenera pazifukwa zina sizigwirizana ndi munthuyo, ndiye kuti alibe matenda omwe Diakarb amagwiritsidwa ntchito, akhoza kusankha njira zitatu zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito piritsi.

    Mlingo wa Diacarb

    Mlingo wa Diakarb ndi chiwembu chogwiritsira ntchito ndizosiyana pa matenda osiyanasiyana. Ganizirani kuchuluka ndi mankhwalawa a mankhwalawa pazifo zosiyanasiyana padera, kuti pasakhale chisokonezo.

    Diacarb ndi edematous syndrome. Mankhwala ayenera kumwedwa kumayambiriro kwa mankhwalawa 250 mg (piritsi 1) kamodzi patsiku lililonse tsiku lililonse. Kuphatikiza apo, mutha kumwa 250 mg (piritsi limodzi) kamodzi patsiku kwa masiku awiri otsatizana, ndiye kuti mupumule tsiku limodzi, ndi zina zambiri. Chifukwa chake, chiwembuchi chimaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito mapiritsi okhala ndi kupumula kwa tsiku limodzi pakati pa masiku awiri pambuyo poti atenge Diakarb, kapena kungomwa mankhwalawa tsiku lililonse.

    Masiku 7 - 10 atayamba kugwiritsa ntchito Diakarb, ngati kuli kotheka, mlingowo ungathe kuwonjezeredwa mpaka 375 mg (mapiritsi 1.5) patsiku. Mlingo uwu umafunanso kumwedwa nthawi imodzi patsiku. Mlingo wa Diakarb muyezo wa 375 mg kamodzi patsiku ndi wofanana ndi 250 mg, ndiye kuti, mapiritsi amatengedwa tsiku lililonse kapena masiku awiri, yopuma tsiku limodzi, ndi zina zambiri.

    Diacarb wa Glaucoma iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati gawo la zovuta mankhwala. Ndi glaucoma yotseguka, akulu ayenera kumwa 250 mg (piritsi 1) 1 mpaka 4 pa tsiku.

    Ndi glaucoma yachiwiri, akuluakulu ayenera kumwa Diacarb monga gawo la zovuta, 250 mg (piritsi 1) maola 4 aliwonse masana. Ndiye kuti, pamene munthu ali maso, ayenera kumwa piritsi limodzi la mankhwalawa maola 4 aliwonse. Muyenera kugona mokwanira monga momwe zimakhalira, osachepetsa kapena kuwonjezera nthawi yopuma usiku chifukwa chomwa mankhwalawo. Ngati achire zotsatira za Diakarb zimachitika msanga, ndiye ndi yachiwiri glaucoma, akulu amatha kumwa 250 mg (piritsi 1) kamodzi kokha pa tsiku.

    Pakulimbana kwadzaoneni kwa kutsekeka kwa khungu, akulu ayenera kumwa mankhwalawa 250 mg (piritsi 1) kanayi pa tsiku, kapena 500 mg (mapiritsi 2) kawiri pa tsiku, kwa masiku awiri mpaka anayi. Kenako amapuma tsiku limodzi, kenako amatenga mapiritsi a 125 mg (1/2) katatu pa tsiku kwa masiku awiri kapena anayi. Mapiritsi amayenera kutengedwa mosiyanasiyana.

    Sikoyenera kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa mankhwalawa kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya glaucoma pamtunda wa 1000 mg (mapiritsi 4) patsiku, chifukwa izi sizikukweza zovuta zakuchiritsira chifukwa, motero, ndizopanda tanthauzo kuchokera pamankhwala.

    Kwa ana omwe ali ndi zaka zopitilira zitatu ndi glaucoma, mlingo wa Diakarb umasankhidwa payekhapayekha, pamlingo wa 10-15 mg pa 1 kg yolemera thupi patsiku. Mlingo wa tsiku ndi tsiku wowerengeka uyenera kugawidwa m'magawo atatu. Mwachitsanzo, ngati kulemera kwa mwana ndi 10 kg, ndiye kuti muyezo wa Diakarb tsiku lililonse ndi 10 mg * 10 kg = 100 mg, kapena 15 mg * 10 kg = 150 mg, ndiye 100 - 150 mg. Mlingo uwu umagawidwa pazigawo zitatu mpaka zinayi. Ngati anaganiza zopatsa mwana 100 mg wa Diacarb patsiku, ndikosavuta kugawa mwanjira imeneyi Mlingo 4 patsiku: 100 mg / 4 = 25 mg. Ngati anaganiza zopatsa mwana 150 mg ya mankhwalawa patsiku, ndiye kuti mlingo umagawika mosavuta mu magawo atatu: 150 mg / 3 = 50 mg. Ndiye kuti, mwana amene ali ndi thupi lolemera 10 mg ayenera kupatsidwa Diakarb 25 mg (1/10 gawo la piritsi) 4 pa tsiku kapena 50 mg (1/5 gawo la piritsi) katatu patsiku.

    Malangizo omwe amatenga Diakarba a mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya glaucoma ndi omwewo kwa akulu ndi ana: mapiritsi amamwa muyezo wofunikira kwa masiku asanu, ndiye kupuma kwa masiku awiri kumatengedwa. Pambuyo pakupuma, kachiwiri kosi yamasiku asanu yotenga Diakarb, pamapeto pake yopuma masiku awiri, etc.
    Zambiri za Glaucoma

    Diacarb wa khunyu. Akuluakulu amalimbikitsidwa kuti atenge 250 - 500 mg (mapiritsi 1 - 2) kamodzi patsiku kwa masiku atatu, yopuma kachinayi. Kenako amamwa mankhwalawo kwa masiku atatu, kupatsanso nthawi yachinayi, ndi zina zambiri.Ndiye kuti, regimen ya kutenga Diakarba 3 - 1 (masiku atatu kumwa, 1 break break). Ngati Diakarb akukonzekera kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito nthawi yomweyo ndi mankhwala ena aliwonse osokoneza bongo, ndiye kuti muyenera kuyamba kumwa mankhwalawa ndi 250 mg kamodzi patsiku, ndikuwonjezera mlingo pokhapokha ngati pakufunika.

    Kwa ana a zaka zosaposa 3, tikulimbikitsidwa kutenga Diacarb pa Mlingo wa payekha womwe umawerengeredwa pamaziko a chiŵerengero cha 8-30 mg pa kilogalamu 1 patsiku. Mlingo wowerengeka tsiku ndi tsiku umagawidwa mu 1 kapena 4 Mlingo ndipo umaperekedwa kwa mwana chimodzimodzi ndi akulu, kutanthauza, 3 mpaka 1 (masiku atatu kumwa mapiritsi, kupumula kwa tsiku limodzi, ndi zina). Mlingo wovomerezeka wa tsiku ndi tsiku wa Diakarb wa ana opitirira zaka 3 ndi 750 mg (mapiritsi atatu). Kuchulukitsa Mlingo pamwamba 750 mg sikungathandize kuchiritsa kwa mankhwalawa, koma kuonjezera ngozi ya zotsatira zoyipa.
    Zambiri Za Khunyu

    Diacarb wodwala matenda akumapiri. Mukakwera kutalika, Diakarb iyenera kumwedwa pa 500-1000 mg (mapiritsi a 2-4) patsiku, ndikugawa muyezo wa Mlingo wa 2-4 patsiku. Ngati kukwera kumathamanga kwambiri, ndiye kuti Diacarb akulimbikitsidwa kuti atenge piritsi limodzi kanthawi 4 patsiku (ndiye kuti, 1000 mg patsiku).

    Amayamba kutenga Diakarba maola 24 mpaka 48 phirili asanakonzekere ndikupitilira masiku awiri kukwera kuphiri. Kugwiritsa ntchito kosalekeza kwa Diakarb kumaloledwa pa 500-100 mg patsiku kwa masiku asanu pamene akukwera m'malo osiyanasiyana.

    Diacarb ndi kukakamizidwa kwa intracranial. Mankhwala amatha kumwa 250 mg (piritsi limodzi) kamodzi patsiku, kapena 125 - 250 mg (piritsi 0,5 - 1) kawiri pa tsiku. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito Diakarb kawiri pa tsiku, makulidwe apakati pa maola 8 mpaka 12 ayenera kusamalidwa. Kwambiri kutchulidwa achire zotsatira za Diakarb ndi kuchuluka intracranial anzawo zimatheka mukamamwa mankhwala tsiku lililonse 250 mg (mapiritsi 3).

    Ndi zochulukirapo zowonjezera chidwi, Diacarb ikhoza kutengedwa molingana ndi chiwembu chilichonse (1 - 1, 2 - 1 kapena 3 - 1), posankha njira yabwino kwambiri kwa inu panokha. Ndiye kuti, mankhwalawa atha kumwa mankhwalawa mwina tsiku lililonse (Chiwembu 1 - 1), kapena kwa masiku awiri akupumula tsiku limodzi (Chiwembu 2 - 1), kapena kwa masiku atatu ndikupumula kwa tsiku limodzi (3 - 1) )

    Malangizo apadera

    Tengani mankhwalawa mokakamiza tsiku limodzi, 1, 2, 3, 4 kapena masiku 5 mutamwa diacarb. Ndikosatheka kumwa Diacarb mosalekeza kwa masiku opitilira asanu, chifukwa mu nkhani iyi metabolic acidosis ipanga.

    Ngati Diacarb atengedwa ndi cholinga cha kukodzetsa (mwachitsanzo, ndi edema kapena madzi osungika m'thupi), ndiye kuti mapiritsi amayenera kuti aledzere kosalekeza kwa masiku atatu, pambuyo pake kupumula kwa tsiku limodzi. Ndiye kuti, kuti mupeze diuretic, mankhwalawa amatengedwa, amatenga tsiku limodzi kupumira masiku 1 mpaka atatu aliwonse ogwiritsira ntchito. Kufunika kumeneku kumachitika chifukwa chakuti patapita masiku atatu atavomerezedwa chifukwa chomwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo, mphamvu ya diuretic ya Diakarba imafooka, nthawi zina kusakhalapo. Ndipo pakupuma kwa tsiku limodzi, mankhwalawa amakhalanso okodzetsa.

    Ngati Diacarb atengedwa kuti achepetse kupanga kwa madzimadzi mchipinda chamaso (ndi glaucoma) kapena mkati mwa dongosolo lamanjenje (lokakamizidwa ndi intracranial, migraines, ndi zina), ndiye kuti mankhwalawo amatengedwa, amatenga tsiku limodzi masiku anayi kapena asanu. Kupuma kotere masiku pafupifupi asanu ndikofunikira kuti muchepetse kukula kwa metabolic acidosis.

    Kugwiritsa ntchito Diakarba kuyenera kuphatikizidwa ndi zoletsa kumwa ndi mchere, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala okhala ndi potaziyamu (Asparkam, Panangin, ndi zina) komanso kugwiritsa ntchito zakudya zomwe zili ndi potaziyamu (mwachitsanzo, ma apricots owuma, nthochi, ndi zina).

    Mwa anthu achikulire (zaka zopitilira 65), Diacarb imagwiritsidwa ntchito muyezo kapena molingana ndi malingaliro onse. Palibe chifukwa chosinthira mlingo kapena mankhwalawo.

    Diacarb imatha kuyambitsa acidosis (acidization ya mkati mwa thupi), kotero, iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mosamala mwa anthu omwe ali ndi pulmonary embolism, emphysema, aimpso ntchito, edema ya renal kapena hepatic. Kuphatikiza apo, mankhwalawa ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mosamala mwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga, chifukwa Diacarb ikhoza kuyambitsa kwambiri shuga m'magazi (hyperglycemia).

    Mankhwalawa amathandizira mkodzo, kotero pH yake imakhala yoposa 8.0. Pokhapokha mutamwa Diakarb ikupitiliza, mkodzo wamchere wofananawo uyenera kuganiziridwa monga zinthu wamba.

    Munthawi yonse ya mankhwalawa, sabata iliyonse 1 mpaka 2, chithunzi cha magazi (kuyezetsa magazi konsekonse ndi leukoformula), kuwerengetsa kwam'magazi ndi ma cell a electrolyte (potaziyamu, sodium, chlorine, calcium, magnesium) m'magazi amayenera kuyang'aniridwa. Ngati kusintha kumaoneka mu chithunzi cha magazi, ndiye kuti mankhwalawo ayenera kusiyidwa.

    Diakarb sayenera kumwedwa pamiyeso yotalikirapo kuposa momwe analimbikitsira, chifukwa pamenepa kuopsa kwa njira zochiritsira sikukula, koma kugona ndi kusokonezeka kwa malingaliro (kumverera kothamanga "goosebumps", etc.) kumawonjezera ndipo, kuwonjezera, okodzetsa amatha.

    Ndi chidwi chapadera chokhudzana ndi Diakarb, pomwe amatenga, munthu amatha kukhala ndi zovuta komanso zowopsa m'moyo, monga Stevens-Johnson syndrome, matenda a Lyell, kufalikira kwa chiwindi, hemorrhagic diathesis, kuchepa magazi, kapena agranulocytosis. Chifukwa chake, ngati munthu ali ndi zizindikiro zamtundu uliwonse wa izi, makamaka kusintha kwamunthu pakhungu, ndiye kuti muyenera kusiya kumwa mankhwalawo ndi kufunsa dokotala.

    Bongo

    Mankhwala osokoneza bongo a Diakarb ndioganiza bwino, komabe, pakuchitika, izi sizinalembedwepo panthawi yonse yogwiritsira ntchito mankhwalawa. Chifukwa chake, chizindikiro cha mankhwala osokoneza bongo sichinafotokozedwe ndipo sichikudziwika. Komabe, zozizwitsa, zizindikiro za bongo zochulukirapo zimayambitsa mavuto ena.

    Ngati mankhwala osokoneza bongo a Diacarb, ngati kuli kotheka, hemodialysis iyenera kuchitidwa, popeza njirayi imachotsa mankhwalawo m'magazi. Kuphatikiza apo, ndikofunikira kuchita chidziwitso chothandizira, chomwe chimalimbikitsidwa kuti chizigwira bwino ntchito zamagulu ndi machitidwe ofunikira. Pa mankhwala, ndikofunikira kuwongolera kuchuluka kwa ma electrolyte m'magazi (potaziyamu, sodium, magnesium, calcium, chlorine) ndi mayankho a jakisoni okhala ndi zinthu zomwe mulingo wake umakhala wabwinobwino. Ngati metabolic acidosis yakula, ndiye kuti sodium bicarbonate imaperekedwa kwa munthuyo. Zizindikiro zam'minyewa yambiri zimachitika mosaganizira kuti hemodialysis yachitika.

    Kuchita ndi mankhwala ena

    Diacarb imawonjezera zochizira zotsatira za Ephedrine, anticoagulants pamlomo (mwachitsanzo, Warfarin, Thrombostop, etc.), othandizira a hypoglycemic (mwachitsanzo, Glibenclamide, Glyclazide, Repaglinide, Metformin, Ciglitazone, etc.) ndi folic acid antagonists (mwachitsanzo, Methotrex. Pemetrexed, etc.). Diacarb imakulitsa kuchuluka kwa phenytoin, carbamazepine ndi minofu omasuka m'magazi.

    Diacarb imakulitsa mphamvu ya osteomalacia, yomwe imakwiya ndikugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala antiepileptic (mwachitsanzo, Konvuleks, Lamotrigine, etc.).

    Ndikofunikira kusintha muyezo wa Diakarb mukagwiritsidwa ntchito molumikizana ndi mtima glycosides (mwachitsanzo, Strofantin, Korglikon, etc.) ndi mankhwala omwe amalimbikitsa kuthamanga kwa magazi (mwachitsanzo, Caffeine, Cordiamine, Bellataminal, Norepinephrine, etc.).

    Kulandila kwa Diakarba limodzi ndi amphetamine, atropine kapena quinidine kumabweretsa zotsatira zoyipa pambuyo pake. Ngati Diacarb angagwiritsidwe ntchito ndi mtima glycosides, Ephedrine, Carbamazepine ndi osakhumudwitsa opuma minofu, ndiye kuti chiopsezo chokhala ndi zotsatira zoyipa za mankhwalawa chimawonjezeka.

    Mphamvu ya diuretic ya Diakarb imalimbikitsidwa ikagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi yomweyo ndi Aminophylline, Theophylline, ndi ma diuretics ena (Furosemide, Spironolactone, etc.), ndipo imafooka limodzi ndi ammonium chloride.

    Mphamvu yochepetsera kukakamizidwa kwa intraocular imathandizidwa ndikugwiritsa ntchito munthawi yomweyo Diacarb ndi anticholinergics (Atropine, Scopolamine, Cyclodolum, Diphenhydramine ndi ena) ndi beta-blockers (Propranolol, Bisoprolol, Timolol, Atenolol, Nebivolol, etc.).

    Diacarb imathandizira kukhathamiritsa kwa lifiyamu kuchokera m'thupi.

    Pogwiritsa ntchito munthawi yomweyo Diacarb ndi acetylsalicylic acid (Aspirin), kusamala kuyenera kuchitidwa, popeza pamakhala chiopsezo chachikulu chokhala ndi matenda a anorexia, tachypnea, ulesi kapena chifuwa chotsatira ndi imfa yotsatira. Chiwopsezo chotenga mavutowa ndi chachikulu makamaka mukamamwa mankhwala a Aspirin okwanira.

    Diacarb ndi Asparkam

    Nthawi yomweyo, Asparkam ndi Diacarb amagwiritsidwa ntchito mwachizolowezi, amalimbikitsa mlingo woyenera. Mlingo wa Diakarb umadalira msinkhu wa munthu komanso matenda omwe mankhwalawo amagwiritsidwa ntchito, komanso Asparkama - pokhapokha pa zaka.

    Chifukwa chake, tikulimbikitsidwa kutenga Asparkam osakanikirana ndi Diacarb muyezo wotsatira, kutengera zaka:

    • Ana osakwana chaka chimodzi - piritsi 1/4 kamodzi patsiku,
    • Ana azaka 1 mpaka 3 - 1/2 piritsi limodzi patsiku,
    • Ana azaka 3 mpaka 6 - piritsi 1/2 kawiri pa tsiku,
    • Ana azaka 7 mpaka 10 - piritsi 1/2 katatu pa tsiku,
    • Ana azaka 11 mpaka 12 - piritsi 1 mpaka 2 kawiri pa tsiku,
    • Ana a zaka zopitilira 13 ndi akulu - piritsi 1 2 pa tsiku.
    Zambiri za Asparkam

    Diacarb ya ana

    Pochita zamagulu a ana, kugwiritsa ntchito Diakarb pochiza khunyu ndi khungu kumalimbikitsidwa. Matendawa ndi zisonyezo zovomerezeka zakugwiritsa ntchito Diacarb mwa ana.

    Mapiritsi amaperekedwa kwa mwana, mosasamala kanthu ndi chakudya, kuyesera kuwameza mwachangu komanso kwathunthu, ndikulola kuti amwe madzi ambiri. Ngati mwana akufunika kupatsidwa piritsi lonse, koma gawo lake, ndiye kuti amalimbikitsidwa kumugawa ndi mpeni pakati, kenako theka pakati, etc. Ndilabwino kwambiri kupatsa mwana wanu mapiritsi m'mawa.

    Ndi khunyu Mlingo wa diacarb wa ana amisinkhu yosiyanasiyana ndi motere:

    • Ana a zaka 4 mpaka 12 miyezi - perekani 50 mg ya diacarb (pafupifupi mapiritsi 1/5 - 1/4) kamodzi patsiku,
    • Ana a zaka ziwiri mpaka zitatu - perekani 50 - 125 mg (1/4 - 1/2 mapiritsi) kamodzi patsiku. Mutha kugawa Mlingo wachiwiri womwe uwonetsedwa kuti mupeze Mlingo iwiri patsiku,
    • Ana azaka 4 mpaka 18 - perekani 125 - 250 mg (piritsi 1/2 - 1) kamodzi patsiku, m'mawa.

    Kuphatikiza pa kuchuluka kwa mankhwalawa, kwa ana okulirapo kuposa zaka zitatu, ndizotheka kuwerengera tsiku lililonse la Diakarb, malinga ndi kulemera kwa thupi, kutengera kuchuluka kwa 8 - 30 mg pa kilogalamu imodzi. Mlingo wa tsiku ndi tsiku wowerengeka mwanjira imeneyi umagawidwa pang'onopang'ono katatu Mlingo ndipo umaperekedwa kwa mwana masana pafupifupi Mlingo wovomerezeka wa tsiku ndi tsiku wa Diakarb wa ana opitirira zaka 3 ndi 750 mg (mapiritsi atatu). Kuchulukitsa Mlingo pamwamba 750 mg sikungathandize kuchiritsa kwa mankhwalawa, koma kuonjezera ngozi ya zotsatira zoyipa.

    Malangizo a Diakarba a khunyu mwa ana ndi ofanana ndi akulu - 3 - 1. Ndiye kuti, ndikofunikira kupatsa mwana piritsi muzomwe akuwonetsa, akumapuma tsiku limodzi masiku atatu aliwonse.

    Ndi glaucoma Kwa ana opitirira zaka zitatu, Mlingo wa Diakarb amawerengeredwa yekhayo ndi kulemera kwa thupi, kutengera muyeso wa 10-15 mg pa 1 kg ya kulemera kwa tsiku. Mlingo wowerengeka wa tsiku ndi tsiku umagawidwa pawiri kapena pakati pa anayi tsiku lililonse ndipo amapatsidwa mwana pafupipafupi nthawi tsiku (kufikira atagona).

    Lingalirani kuwerengera kwa muyezo wa Diakarb kwa mwana wolemera makilogalamu 10 pogwiritsa ntchito chitsanzo. Chifukwa chake, Mlingo wa tsiku ndi tsiku ndi 10 mg * 10 kg = 100 mg, kapena 15 mg * 10 kg = 150 mg, ndiye 100 - 150 mg. Chotsatira, muyenera kusankha kuchuluka kwa mankhwalawa (ochepa, ochulukirapo kapena wapakati) omwe adzapatsidwe kwa mwana, ndikugawa mu 3 kapena 4, kutengera mwayi wokuphwanya mankhwalawo. Ngati anaganiza zopatsa mwana 100 mg wa Diacarb patsiku, ndikosavuta kugawa mwanjira imeneyi Mlingo 2 patsiku: 100 mg / 2 = 50 mg. Potere, mwana adzafunika kupatsidwa piritsi 1/4 kawiri pa tsiku.Ngati anaganiza zopatsa mwana 150 mg ya mankhwalawa patsiku, ndiye kuti mlingo umagawika mosavuta mu magawo atatu: 150 mg / 3 = 50 mg. Potere, mwana adzafunika kupatsidwa 50 mg (1/4 ya piritsi) katatu patsiku.

    Malangizo a Diakarba a glaucoma mwa ana ndiofanana ndi akulu: 5 - 2. Ndiye kuti, masiku asanu aliwonse omwe mumamwa mankhwalawa, muyenera kupuma masiku awiri.

    Kuphatikiza pazowonetsa izi, akatswiri a mitsempha nthawi zambiri amapereka Diacarb kwa ana azaka zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza makanda, kukonza kukonza kwamitsempha yodziwikamonga perinatal encephalopathy (PEP), hydrocephalic hypertension syndrome, cysts mu ubongo, minyewa yamitsempha yamaubongo, etc. Izi, malinga ndi akatswiri a mitsempha, nthawi zambiri zimayamba chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa madzimadzi mu magawo a ubongo ndikuwonjezera kukakamiza kwa intracranial. Chifukwa chake, Diakarb, yomwe imachepetsa kutulutsa kwamadzimadzi mu ziwongo za ubongo ndikuichotsa mu minofu, imathandizira kusintha mkhalidwewo ndikuchepetsa kupanikizika kwa mankhwalawa, chifukwa chomwe mwana amakumana ndi zovuta zamitsempha zambiri zoyambitsidwa ndi zinthu izi, monga kulira kwambiri, kunjenjemera kugona, matenda oopsa komanso etc.

    Pochiza ma syndromes am'mitsempha, Diakarb amaperekedwa kwa ana osakwana zaka 1/4 piritsi kamodzi patsiku, ndipo kwa ana a zaka 1 mpaka 3 - piritsi 1/2. Zoyeserera 2 - 1 ndi 1 - 1 amatengedwa kuti ndiabwino kwambiri, ndiye kuti, ndikofunikira kuti mankhwalawo athe kutembenuka tsiku limodzi, kapena masiku awiri aliwonse kuti mupumule tsiku limodzi. Kutalika kwa mankhwalawa kumatsimikiziridwa ndi adokotala ndipo nthawi zambiri amakhala masiku 10 mpaka 30 kwathunthu, poganizira kupuma kwa tsiku limodzi.

    Zotsatira zoyipa

    Diacarb imatha kuyambitsa zotsatirazi (ndipo kuthekera kwodzachitika nkochuluka, kuchuluka kwa mankhwalawo kumatengedwa) pamagulu ndi machitidwe osiyanasiyana:

    1.Machitidwe amanjenje:

    • Paresthesia (kumverera kuthamanga "goosebumps", etc.),
    • Tinnitus
    • Kumva kuwonongeka
    • Kutopa
    • Chizungulire
    • Ataxia (vuto loyendetsa galimoto),
    • Kugona
    • Chisokonezo
    • Zingwe
    • Photophobia
    • Kukhudza kwamphamvu (kuthekera kumva kukhudza)
    • Hepatic encephalopathy (imayamba motsutsana ndi maziko a kulephera kwa chiwindi).
    2.Matumbo:
    • Kuchepetsa mseru
    • Kubweza
    • Kutsegula m'mimba
    • Kuwonongeka kwa chilala mpaka kugona ndi anorexia,
    • Kukhumudwa
    • Hepatic colic,
    • Fulminant chiwindi necrosis.
    3.Njira zamankhwala:
    • Kukodza pafupipafupi
    • Kukodza kwambiri,
    • Mapangidwe a miyala ya impso (pokhapokha atagwiritsa ntchito Diakarb nthawi yayitali)
    4.Mwazi:
    • Magazi aplasic,
    • Leukopenia (kuchuluka kwa maselo oyera m'magazi pansi)
    • Supombocytopenia (kuchuluka kwa mapulateleti m'magazi kumakhala kosavuta),
    • Agranulocytosis (kusowa kwa neutrophils, basophils ndi eosinophils m'magazi),
    • Pancytopenia (kuchuluka kwa maselo onse am'magazi - maselo ofiira am'magazi, maselo oyera am'magazi ndi ma cell am'munsi mwachizolowezi),
    • Kulephera kwa mafupa hematopoiesis,
    • Hemorrhagic diathesis.
    5.Zotsatira zoyipa:
    • Erythema multiforme zotupa pa khungu,
    • Urticaria,
    • Stevens-Johnson Syndrome
    • Syndrome
    • Anaphylactic mantha,
    • Khungu
    • Khungu loyera.
    6.Zizindikiro zokuyesa:
    • Hematuria (magazi mkodzo),
    • Glucosuria (shuga mkodzo),
    • Hyperglycemia (glucose wamagazi ndiwokwera kwambiri kuposa wabwinobwino),
    • Hypokalemia (mulingo wa potaziyamu m'magazi ndi ocheperako),
    • Hyponatremia (m'magazi sodium ochepa)
    • Metabolic acidosis (kukwiya kwa acid-base ndi hydrolyte yamadzi).
    7.Ena:
    • Kufooka minofu
    • Thupi
    • Myopia.

    Chiwopsezo chotenga zotsatira zoyipa (erythema multiforme, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, Lyell syndrome, crystalluria, miyala ya impso, thrombocytopenic purpura, hemolytic anemia, kupsinjika kwa m'mafupa, leukopenia, agranulocytosis ndi pancytopenia) ukuwonjezeka mwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto lalikulu la sulfonamides.Chifukwa chake, gulu ili la anthu liyenera kusamala mukamagwiritsa ntchito Diakarb.

    Diacarb - analogues

    Pafupifupi 2/3 pa ndemanga pa kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka Diakarba ndi akulu ndichabwino. Nthawi zambiri, mankhwalawa amatchulidwa kuti achepetse kukhathamira kwa intracranial. Ndemanga zikuwonetsa kuti Diacarb mwachangu imachepetsa kukakamiza kwamkati, monga mutu, kusawona bwino, chizungulire, ndi zina zotero.

    Kuphatikiza apo, Diakarb amachotsa msanga edema yomwe imayambitsidwa ndi zifukwa zosiyanasiyana, chifukwa, pokhala okodzetsa, amachotsa madzimadzi m'thupi. Chifukwa chake, mankhwalawa nthawi zambiri amaperekedwa kwa anthu omwe ali ndi edema motsutsana ndi maziko a matenda osakhalitsa (mtima kulephera, kugunda kwa mtima, ndi zina zambiri). Mu ndemanga zokhudzana ndi machitidwe othandizira kwambiri a mankhwalawa, akuwonetsa kuti imapereka zotsatira zofunika m'malo mwachangu komanso modekha.

    Pafupipafupi, diacarb imalembedwa mankhwalawa khunyu kapena kuchepetsa intraocular anzawo mu glaucoma. Ndemanga za kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa mankhwalawa pazinthu izi zimasiyana - pali zabwino komanso zoipa, chifukwa zochizira zina nthawi zina zimadziwika, ndipo kwa ena sizikuwoneka.

    Pafupifupi ndemanga zonse zikuwonetsa kuti Diacarb iyenera kutengedwa ndi Asparkam, popeza ichi chimaphatikizanso kuchuluka kwa potaziyamu m'thupi, omwe amathandizidwa ndi diuretic Diacarb.

    Ndemanga zoyipa za Diakarba nthawi zambiri zimachitika chifukwa cha zovuta zoyipa kapena chifukwa chakuti mankhwalawa sanali oyenera munthu uyu. Ndemanga zoyipa chifukwa chosowa njira zochizira zomwe sizikuyembekezeka ndizochepa.

    Kutulutsa mawonekedwe ndi kapangidwe kake

    Diacarb imapezeka mu mawonekedwe a piritsi yogwiritsira ntchito pakamwa. Mapiritsiwo ndi oyera, ozungulira, onunkhira mbali zonse ziwiri. Chofunikira chachikulu pa mankhwalawa ndi acetazolamide, piritsi lililonse lili ndi 250 mg yogwira ntchito.

    Mankhwalawa amapezeka m'matumba a zidutswa 10, matuza atatu m'bokosi lamakhadi okhala ndi malangizo omwe adapangidwa.

    Malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito

    Diacarb ndi edematous syndrome kumayambiriro kwa mankhwala zotchulidwa mu 250-275 mg (mapiritsi 1-1,5) 1 nthawi patsiku m'mawa. Kwambiri diuretic zotsatira zimatheka mukamamwa mankhwalawa tsiku lililonse kapena masiku awiri motsatana, kenako kupumira kwa tsiku limodzi.

    Mukamagwiritsa ntchito Diakarb, chithandizo chakulephera kwa magazi, kuphatikizapo glycosides yamtima, ziyenera kupitilizidwa, zakudya zoperewera pakudya mchere komanso kuthandizidwa ndikusowa potaziyamu.

    Akuluakulu omwe ali ndi khungu lotseguka, mankhwalawa amadziwitsidwa mu piritsi limodzi la 250 mg (piritsi 1) kawiri pa tsiku. Mlingo wowonjezera 1 g musachulukitse zochizira.

    Mu yachiwiri glaucoma, mankhwala amapezeka limodzi mu 250 mg (piritsi 1) maola 4 aliwonse. Odwala ena, achire amawonekeranso pambuyo poti apereka mankhwala osakhalitsa 250 mg 2 pa tsiku.

    Pazakumwa glaucoma, mankhwalawa mankhwala 250 mg 4 pa tsiku. Kwa ana omwe ali ndi vuto la glaucoma, Diacarb amamuika pa 10,5 mg / kg thupi patsiku la Mlingo wa 3-4.

    Ndi khunyu, achikulire amalembedwa 250-500 mg tsiku lililonse limodzi kwa masiku atatu, patsiku la 4 - yopuma.

    • Ana a zaka 4 mpaka 12 miyezi - 50 mg patsiku mu Mlingo wa 1-2.
    • Ana a zaka zapakati pa 2-3 - 50-125 mg patsiku mu Mlingo wa 1-2.
    • Ana ndi achinyamata azaka 4 mpaka 18 - 125-250 mg 1 nthawi patsiku m'mawa.

    Pogwiritsa ntchito munthawi yomweyo Diakarba ndi anticonvulsants, kumayambiriro kwa chithandizo, 250 mg (piritsi 1) imagwiritsidwa ntchito 1 nthawi patsiku, ngati kuli kotheka, pang'onopang'ono mukukula mlingo. Mwa ana, Mlingo wopitilira 750 mg patsiku suyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito.

    Mu matenda am'mapapo, tikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa mlingo wa 500-1000 mg (mapiritsi a 2-4) patsiku. Ngati msanga kukwera - 1000 mg patsiku. Mlingo wa tsiku ndi tsiku umagawidwa mu Mlingo wofanana Mlingo wofanana.Mankhwalawa ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito maola 24-48 musanakwere, ndipo ngati pali matenda, pitilizani chithandizo kwa maola 48 kapena kupitilira, ngati kuli kotheka.

    Werengani komanso nkhaniyi: Jakisoni wa Cortexin: malangizo, mtengo, analogi ndi ndemanga

    Ngati mungadumphe kumwa mankhwala, simuyenera kuwonjezera mlingo wotsatira.

    Zotsatira zoyipa

    Zotsatira zoyipa mukamamwa mankhwala atha kukhala motere:

    • paresthesia, anorexia,
    • Hyperemia pakhungu,
    • metabolic acidosis
    • kufooka kwa minofu
    • myopia
    • kuyabwa, urticaria,
    • tinnitus
    • Hypokalemia, zopweteka.

    Ndi mankhwala opitilira nthawi yayitali, nephrolithiasis, glucosuria, leukopenia, kukhumudwa, kugona, kusanza, chifuwa, kuchepa kwa magazi, kuchepa kwa magazi, nseru, matenda am'mimba.

    Zotsatira zoyipa zimachitika mutamwa mankhwalawa, muyenera kufunsa dokotala nthawi yomweyo.

    Ana, pa mimba ndi mkaka wa m`mawere

    Diacarb ndi contraindicated mu mimba ndi mkaka wa m`mawere. Kwa ana ochepera zaka 12, mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito molingana ndi zisonyezo komanso muyezo womwe umasinthidwa molingana ndi zaka.

    Pankhani ya hydrocephalus kapena hypertension-hydrocephalic syndrome, Diacarb ya ana nthawi zambiri imalembedwa. Amayendetsa kuchuluka kwa madzimadzi a cerebrospinal. Kuphatikiza apo, mankhwalawa amatha kuthandizira glaucoma kapena khunyu.

    Amawalembera ndi mankhwala, chifukwa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa kumafuna kuwunikira katswiri. Ndikwabwino kuti muzigwiritsa ntchito kuchipatala, kuwunika momwe mwanayo alili mungakwanitse.

    Komabe, masiku ano pali zochitika zambiri pamene, ndi yofatsa, dokotala wamatsenga amatha kudziwa kumwa mankhwalawo kunyumba.

    Nthawi zambiri, dokotalayo amasankha yekha payekha atawunika mwana ndikupeza zotsatira za mayeso. Malinga ndi malangizo, mlingo wocheperako ndi 50 mg patsiku. Mlingo wa tsiku ndi tsiku umaperekedwa kwa mwana mumadontho awiri.

    Ana osaposa chaka amatha kupatsidwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Kuphatikiza apo, Diacarb yatsopano imagwiritsidwa ntchito pakukweza kwambiri kapena kusiyanasiyana kwa zigaza za chigaza. Zimathandizira kuchepetsa madzimadzi.

    Kuyanjana kwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo

    Mothandizidwa ndi mankhwalawa, wodwalayo angakulitse chiopsezo cha zotsatirapo zam'mimba ndikumwa mankhwala othandizira pakamwa.

    Mankhwala a Diacarb ali osavomerezeka kuti aphatikizidwe ndi mankhwala osapweteka a antiidal

    Ngati wodwala akutenga kale mtima glycosides kapena mankhwala omwe amalimbikitsa kuthamanga kwa magazi, kukonza kwa Diakarb kwa tsiku lililonse kumafunika.

    Matenda A shuga ndi Diacarb

    Diacarb amatha kusintha kuchuluka kwa glucose m'magazi. Ichi ndichifukwa chake ziyenera kumwedwa mosamala kwambiri kwa odwala matenda ashuga. Mulimonsemo, mankhwalawa amayenera kumwedwa pokhapokha atakambilana ndi dokotala. Monga lamulo, pankhaniyi, dokotala amatha kusintha mlingo wa mankhwala a insulin kapena mankhwala a pakamwa a hypoglycemic.

    Diacarb imatha kukhudza malo amkodzo amchere. Izi ziyenera kukumbukiridwa ndi odwala matenda ashuga pokhudzana ndi chiopsezo cha hyperglycemia.

    Kuphatikizika, mawonekedwe omasulidwa

    Kutulutsidwa kwa mankhwalawa kuli mu mtundu umodzi wa mapiritsi (mapiritsi). Atengereni mkatimo. Mapiritsi amadziwika ndi mtundu woyera, mawonekedwe ozungulira (biconvex). Kuyika ma CD kumatha kukhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mankhwala:

    • Ma PC 10
    • 24 ma PC.
    • 30 ma PC

    Yogwira popanga mankhwala ndi acetazolamide. Mlingo wa chinthuchi ndi chimodzimodzi (250 mg). Pazinthu zothandiza popanga kugwiritsa ntchito:

    • povidone
    • sodium croscarmellose,
    • silicon dioxide (colloidal),
    • magnesium wakuba,
    • cellulose (microcrystalline).

    Nthawi zina, okonza omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito siophatikizira pamwambapa, koma wowuma wa mbatata, sodium starch glycolate, talc. Ndipo chimodzimodzinso chimodzi chomwe chimasungidwa kuti sichabwino, chovomerezeka kuti chigwiritsidwe ntchito. Kukula kwa njira yothandizira sizodalira zina zowonjezera zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito.

    Othandizira ayenera kudziwa chifukwa cha zovuta zomwe wodwalayo amakumana nazo. Zikakhala choncho, dokotala amakupangira mankhwala omwe ali ndi gulu loyambirira kapena lachiwiri la zowonjezera zina.

    Pharmacological kanthu, pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics

    Mapiritsi a Diakarb ali ndi zotsatirazi zochizira:

    • anti-glaucoma,
    • okodzetsa
    • kutsika kwa kupanikizika kwa intracranial,
    • antiepileptic.

    Mphamvu ya diuretic ndiyotsika pang'ono kuposa ma diuretics ena. Kuchiritsa kwamkodzo kumayendera limodzi ndi kuchotsedwa kwa potaziyamu wambiri m'thupi. Chifukwa chake, madotolo amalimbikitsa kuwonjezera mankhwalawo ndi "Diakarb" ndi mankhwalawa ("Panangin", "Asparkam", "Aspangin"). Njira imeneyi ithandizira kuti kukonzanso kwa chinthu chomwe chapezeka m'magazi, maselo, kupewa hypokalemia.

    Ndi mkodzo, fofsafts, calcium, ndi magnesium nawonso amatulutsidwa m'thupi. Ngati mumagwiritsa ntchito "Diacarb" kwa milungu yopitilira iwiri, mudzafunika muyeso wa zinthu izi kuti mupewe matenda a metabolic.

    Akatswiri adazindikira kuti atatha kugwiritsa ntchito Diakarba kwa masiku atatu, mphamvu yake yotsitsa imachepa. Kuti muyambenso, muyenera kupuma masiku atatu. Chifukwa chake, madokotala amalimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa mosapumira. Izi zimapereka mankhwala osokoneza bongo okhalitsa.

    "Diacarb" amatha kutsitsa kukakamiza kwa intraocular. Amachepetsa kuchuluka kwa chinyezi chopangidwa m'chipinda cham'maso cha diso.

    Mankhwala omwe adapangidwira ("Diacarb") amawonetsedwanso ndikuwonjezereka kwa intracranial. Chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa chinyezi chomwe chimapangidwa m'magazi a cerebrospinal, ma ventricles aubongo, mphamvu yamadzi amtundu wa cerebrospinal imakhala yofanana. Chifukwa chake, kupanikizika kwa intracranial kumachepa.

    Yogwira pophika mankhwala amatha kuyimitsa maziko a ubongo mkati mwa ubongo. Izi zimapangitsa antiepileptic mphamvu ya mankhwalawo.

    Chifukwa cha zotsatira zoyipa za mankhwalawa monga zovuta za metabolic acidosis, Diacarb amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda obanika usiku komanso kupuma.

    Pazipita ndende yogwira ntchito m'magazi imakhazikika pambuyo pa maola awiri mutatha kumwa mapiritsi a 500 mg. Zotsatira za mankhwalawa zimaperekedwa ndi kuchuluka kwakukulu kwa kulumikizana kwa mankhwalawo ndi mapuloteni a plasma. Gawo lalikulu limapatsidwa kuthekera kolowa ndi chotchinga. Mankhwalawa amachotseredwa kudzera mu impso (osasinthika) patsiku.

    Zotsatira zoyipa

    Kulandila "Diakarba" kungayambitse kuwonetsa zotsatirazi zotsatirazi:

    • kukomoka
    • kukokana
    • myopia
    • tinnitus
    • hemorrhagic diathesis,
    • Photophobia
    • hypokalemia
    • metabolic acidosis
    • kufooka kwa minofu
    • kumva kuwonongeka
    • Hyperemia pakhungu,
    • mapangidwe a miyala ya impso,
    • malungo
    • paresthesia
    • urticaria.

    Kugwiritsa ntchito diuretic kwa nthawi yayitali kumatha kupangitsa zotsatirazi zotsatirazi:

    • nseru
    • chifuwa
    • kugona
    • kutsegula m'mimba
    • leukopenia
    • nephrolithiasis,
    • kuphwanya kukhudza
    • agranulocytosis,
    • hematuria
    • chisokonezo
    • kusanza
    • hemolytic anemia,
    • glucosuria.

    Ngati zotsatirazi zikuwonetsedwa, muyenera kufunsa dokotala.

    Kuchita ndi mankhwala ena

    Ngati mutenga diuretic nthawi yomweyo ndi antiepileptic mankhwala, osteomalacia (kufewetsa mafupa chifukwa chosakwanira mineralization mafupa minofu) akhoza kuchuluka.

    Ndi kulumikizana kwa "Diakarba" ndi "Theophylline", okodzetsa, kumawonjezera zochita za diuretic. Kugwiritsa ntchito munthawi yomweyo mankhwala osokoneza bongo omwe amapanga diuretics amachepetsa okodzetsa.

    Kugwiritsa ntchito pamodzi ndi "Diakarb" kungakulitse zovuta za mankhwalawa:

    • Ephedrine
    • salicylates,
    • kukonzekera kwa dijito
    • kupumula kwa minofu kosasokoneza,
    • "Carbamazepine."

    Mankhwala omwe amafunsidwa amakhudzana ndi mankhwala ena motere:

    • timapitiriza diuretic zotsatira za okodzetsa,
    • imawonjezera kugwira ntchito kwa othandizira a hypoglycemic, othandizira a folic acid, anticoagulants pamlomo,
    • zimapangitsa zotsatira zoyipa za mankhwalawa (quinidine, atropine, amphetamine),
    • kumawonjezera mayamwidwe a primidone, phenytoin,
    • amachepetsa shuga wamagazi (chifukwa chake, akusintha mulingo wa insulin pochiza matenda ashuga)
    • kumawonjezera kuchuluka kwa lifiyamu yomwe imayambitsidwa, kuchepetsa mphamvu zake,
    • kumawonjezera zomwe zili carbamazepine m'magazi.

    Mtengo woyandikira ku Russia

    Mtengo wa okodzetsa amafunsidwa ndivomerezeka, chifukwa chogwira ntchito. Amagulitsa mankhwalawa m'masitolo ambiri ndi mankhwala. Mtengo pafupifupi wa mapiritsi 215 - 254 ma ruble (pazingwe 30).

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