Malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo, analogi, ndemanga

Nambala yolembetsa: P N015030 / 05-031213
Dzina la Brand: Augmentin®
Mayiko ena osagwirizana kapena dzina la gulu: amoxicillin + clavulanic acid.

Fomu ya Mlingo: Mapiritsi okhala ndi filimu.

The mankhwala (piritsi 1)
Zinthu zogwira ntchito:
Amoxicillin trihydrate mwa amoxicillin 250.0 mg,
Potaziyamu clavulanate molingana ndi clavulanic acid 125.0 mg.
Othandizira:
piritsi: magnesium stearate, sodium carboxymethyl wowuma, colloidal silicon dioxide, cellcrystalline cellulose,
mapiritsi ophatikizira akanema: titanium dioxide, hypromellose (5 cP), hypromellose (15 cP), macrogol-4000, macrogol-6000, dimethicone.

Chiyerekezo cha zigawo zogwira ntchito

Mlingo wa kuchuluka kwa zigawo zikuluzikulu Amoxicillin, mg (mu mawonekedwe a amoxicillin trihydrate) Clavulanic acid, mg (mu mawonekedwe a potaziyamu clavulanate)
Mapiritsi 250 mg / 125 mg 2: 1 250 125

Kufotokozera
Mapiritsi okhala ndi mafilimu amakhala ozungulira kuyambira oyera mpaka pafupifupi oyera ndi mawu oti "AUGMENTIN" mbali imodzi. Mapiritsi kuyambira oyera achikasu mpaka oyera pakhungu.

Gulu la mankhwala
Antibiotic, penicillin semisynthetic + beta-lactamase inhibitor.

Code ya ATX: J01CR02

ZOCHULUKA ZA PHARMACOLOGICAL

Mankhwala
Njira yamachitidwe
Amoxicillin ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo owoneka bwino omwe ali ndi ntchito yolimbana ndi ma gram ambiri komanso gram alibe tizilombo. Nthawi yomweyo, amoxicillin imayamba kuwonongeka ndi beta-lactamases, chifukwa chake ntchito yokhala ndi amoxicillin sinafikira ku tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tomwe timatulutsa timadzi tambiri.
Clavulanic acid, beta-lactamase inhibitor yokhudzana ndi penicillin, amatha kuyambitsa mitundu yambiri ya beta-lactamases yomwe imapezeka mu penicillin ndi cephalosporin zosagwira tizilombo. Clavulanic acid ili ndi mphamvu yokwanira yolimbana ndi plasmid beta-lactamases, yomwe nthawi zambiri imatsimikiza kukana kwa mabakiteriya, ndipo sagwira ntchito motsutsana ndi mtundu wa 1 wa chromosomal beta-lactamases, womwe suletsedwa ndi clavulanic acid.
Kupezeka kwa clavulanic acid mu kukonzekera kwa Augmentin® kumateteza amoxicillin kuti asawonongedwe ndi ma enzyme - beta-lactamases, omwe amalola kukulitsa mawonekedwe a antibacterial a amoxicillin.
Otsatirawa ndi ntchito ya vitro yosakanikirana ya amoxicillin ndi clavulanic acid.
Bacteria imakonda kuphatikizidwa ndi amoxicillin ndi clavulanic acid
Zoyipa zamagalamu
Bacillus anthracis
Enterococcus faecalis
Listeria monocytogene
Nocardia asteroides
Streptococcus pyogene1,2
Streptococcus agalactiae 1.2
Streptococcus spp. (ena beta hemolytic streptococci) 1,2
Staphylococcus aureus (methicillin chidwi) 1
Staphylococcus saprophyticus (methicillin chidwi)
Coagulase-hasi staphylococci (wokhudzidwa ndi methicillin)
Zoyipa za grram zabwino
Clostridium spp.
Peptococcus niger
Peptostreptococcus magnus
Peptostreptococcus micros
Peptostreptococcus spp.
Zoyipa zamagalamu
Bordetella pertussis
Haemophilus infuenzae1
Helicobacter pylori
Moraxella catarrhalis1
Neisseria gonorrhoeae
Pasteurella multocida
Vibrio cholerae
Ma gram alibe anaerobes
Bacteroides fragilis
Bacteroides spp.
Capnocytophaga spp.
Eikenella corrodens
Fusobacterium nucleatum
Fusobacterium spp.
Porphyromonas spp.
Prevotella spp.
Zina
Borrelia burgdorferi
Leptospira icterohaemorrhagiae
Treponema pallidum
Bacteria yomwe ingapeze kukana kwa kuphatikiza kwa amoxicillin ndi clavulanic acid
Zoyipa zamagalamu
Escherichia coli1
Klebsiella oxytoca
Klebsiella pneumoniae1
Klebsiella spp.
Proteus mirabilis
Proteus vulgaris
Proteus spp.
Salmonella spp.
Shigella spp.
Zoyipa zamagalamu
Corynebacterium spp.
Enterococcus faecium
Streptococcus pneumoniae 1.2
Gulu la Streptococcus Viridans
Bacteria yomwe imagwirizana mwachilengedwe pakuphatikizidwa kwa amoxicillin ndi clavulanic acid
Zoyipa zamagalamu
Spinetobacter spp.
Citrobacter freundii
Enterobacter spp.
Hafnia alvei
Legionella pneumophila
Morganella morganii
Providencia spp.
Pseudomonas spp.
Serratia spp.
Stenotrophomonas maltophilia
Yersinia enterocolitica
Zina
Chlamydia chibayo
Chlamydia psittaci
Chlamydia spp.
Coxiella burnetii
Mycoplasma spp.
1 - kwa mabakiteriya awa, kufunikira kwakanthawi kothandizirana kwa amoxicillin ndi clavulanic acid kwawonetsedwa mu maphunziro azachipatala.
2 - mitundu ya mabakiteriya amtunduwu samatulutsa beta-lactamases.
Kuzindikira ndi amoxicillin monotherapy kumasonyezanso chidwi chofanana ndi kuphatikiza kwa amoxicillin ndi clavulanic acid.
Pharmacokinetics
Zogulitsa
Zosakaniza zonse zogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mankhwalawa Augmentin ®, amoxicillin ndi clavulanic acid, zimatengedwa mwachangu komanso mokwanira kuchokera m'matumbo am'mimba (GIT) pambuyo pakamwa. Kuyamwa kwa zinthu zomwe zimakonzedwa ndi Augmentin ® ndizabwino kwambiri pakumwa mankhwala kumayambiriro kwa chakudya.
Ma paracokinetic magawo a amoxicillin ndi clavulanic acid, omwe amapezeka m'maphunziro osiyanasiyana, pomwe odzipereka othamanga athanzi adatenga:
- Piritsi limodzi la Augmentin®, 250 mg / 125 mg (375 mg),
- mapiritsi 2 a mankhwala a Augmentin®, 250 mg / 125 mg (375 mg),
- Piritsi limodzi la Augmentin®, 500 mg / 125 mg (625 mg),
- 500 mg wa amoxicillin,
- 125 mg ya clavulanic acid.
Magawo a pharmacokinetic oyambira

Mlingo wa Mankhwala Osokoneza bongo (mg) Cmax (mg / l) Tmax (h) AUC (mg × h / l) T1 / 2 (h)
Amoxicillin mu kapangidwe ka mankhwala Augmentin ®
Augmentin®, 250 mg / 125 mg 250 3.7 1.1 10.9 1.0
Augmentin®, 250 mg / 125 mg, mapiritsi 2 500 5.8 1.5 20.9 1.3
Augmentin® 500 mg / 125 mg 500 6.5 1.5 23.2 1.3
Amoxicillin 500 mg 500 6.5 1.3 19.5 1.1
Clavulanic acid mu kapangidwe ka mankhwala Augmentin®
Augmentin®, 250 mg / 125 mg 125 2.2 1,2 1.2 6.2 1.2
Augmentin®, 250 mg / 125 mg, mapiritsi 2 250 4.1 1.3 11.8 1.0
Clavulanic acid, 125 mg 125 3.4 0.9 7.8 0.7
Augmentin®, 500 mg / 125 mg 125 2.8 1.3 7.3 0.8

Cmax - pazipita plasma ndende.
Tmax - nthawi yakukwanira ndende ya plasma.
AUC ndi dera lomwe limaponderezedwa nthawi yayitali.
T1 / 2 - theka moyo.
Mukamagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a Augmentin ®, plasma wozungulira wa amoxicillin ndiwofanana ndi omwe ali ndi pakamwa pofanana ndi milingo ya amoxicillin.
Kugawa
Monga kuphatikizira kwa mtsempha wa amoxicillin ndi clavulanic acid, njira zochizira za amoxicillin ndi clavulanic acid zimapezeka m'misempha yambiri komanso mkati mwazigawo (mu ndulu, matumbo am'mimba, khungu, adipose ndi minofu minofu, zotumphukira ndi zotumphukira). .
Amoxicillin ndi clavulanic acid ali ndi malire ofooka a mapuloteni a plasma. Kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti pafupifupi 25% ya kuchuluka kwathunthu kwa clavulanic acid ndi 18% ya amoxicillin m'magazi am'magazi amaphatikizika ndi mapuloteni amadzi a m'madzi.
Mu maphunziro a nyama, palibe chowerengera cha zigawo za kukonzekera kwa Augmentin® mu chiwalo chilichonse chomwe chidapezeka.
Amoxicillin, monga ma penicillin ambiri, amadutsa mkaka wa m'mawere. Zotsatira za clavulanic acid zimapezekanso mkaka wa m'mawere. Kupatula kuthekera kwa kutulutsa chidwi, kutsegula m'mimba ndi masiponitisi amkamwa, osakhala ndi vuto lina la amoxicillin ndi clavulanic acid paumoyo wa ana oyamwitsa amadziwika.
Kafukufuku wothandizira kubereka kwanyama akuwonetsa kuti amoxicillin ndi clavulanic acid amawoloka chotchinga. Komabe, palibe zoyipa zilizonse pa mwana wakhanda zomwe zapezeka.
Kupenda
10-25% ya mlingo woyambirira wa amoxicillin amuchotseredwa ndi impso ngati yogwira metabolite (penicilloic acid). Clavulanic acid imapangidwa modabwitsa kwambiri mpaka 2,5-dihydro-4- (2-hydroxyethyl) -5-oxo-1H-pyrrole-3-carboxylic acid ndi 1-amino-4-hydroxy-butan-2-amodzi ndipo impso ndi impso, kudzera m'mimba, komanso ndi mpweya wotha ntchito mu mpweya wa kaboni.
Kuswana
Monga ma penicillin ena, amoxicillin amakumbidwa makamaka ndi impso, pomwe clavulanic acid kudzera mu machitidwe a impso ndi owonjezera. Pafupifupi 60-70% ya amoxicillin ndi 40-65% ya clavulanic acid amachotsedwa ndi impso zosasinthika maola 6 atasankhidwa piritsi limodzi la mankhwala a Augmentin® mu mapiritsi a mawonekedwe a mafilimu, 250 mg / 125 mg kapena 500 mg / 125 mg .
Kukhazikitsidwa pamodzi kwa probenecid kumachepetsa kuchotsa kwa amoxicillin, koma osati clavulanic acid (onani gawo "Kuyanjana ndi mankhwala ena").

MALO OGWIRITSITSA NTCHITO Ntchito

Matenda opatsirana omwe amayamba chifukwa cha tizilombo tomwe timayang'ana amoxicillin / clavulanic acid:
• Matenda a ENT, monga pafupipafupi tonillitis, sinusitis, otitis media, omwe amayamba chifukwa cha Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis ndi Streptococcus pyogenes.
• Matenda ochepetsa kupuma am'mimba, monga kufalikira kwa chifuwa cham'mimba, chibayo, ndi bronchopneumonia, omwe amayamba chifukwa cha Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus inflluenzae, ndi Moraxella catarrhalis.
• Matenda amtundu wa urogenital, monga cystitis, urethritis, pyelonephritis, matenda amtundu wachikazi, omwe nthawi zambiri amayamba chifukwa cha mitundu ya banja la Enterobacteriaceae (makamaka Escherichia coli), Staphylococcus saprophyticus ndi mitundu ya genus Enterococcus, komanso gonorrhea yoyambitsidwa ndi Neisseria gonorrhoeae.
• Matenda a pakhungu ndi minofu yofewa, yomwe nthawi zambiri imayamba chifukwa cha Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogene, ndi mitundu ya mtundu wa Bacteroides.
• Matenda am'mafupa ndi mafupa, monga osteomyelitis, omwe nthawi zambiri amayamba chifukwa cha Staphylococcus aureus, ngati chithandizo cha nthawi yayitali chikufunika.
• Matenda ena osakanikirana (mwachitsanzo, kuchotsa mimba kwa septic, sepsis ya intra-m'mimba) monga mbali yamankhwala othandizira.
Matenda oyambitsidwa ndi tizilombo tomwe timayamwa amoxicillin amatha kuthandizidwa ndi Augmentin®, chifukwa amoxicillin ndi chimodzi mwazomwe zimagwira.

MALANGIZO OTHANDIZA

• Hypersensitivity beta-lactams, monga penicillin ndi cephalosporins kapena zigawo zina za mankhwala,
• magawo am'mbuyomu a jaundice kapena chiwindi chovutitsidwa ndi mbiri ya amoxicillin / clavulanic acid,
• ana osakwana zaka 12 zakubadwa fomu iyi.

KUGWIRITSA NTCHITO CHIYEMBEKEZO NDIPONSO KULIMBITSA ZOPEREKA

Mimba
Mu maphunziro a kubereka mu nyama, pakamwa komanso mwa uchembere wa Augmentin ® sizinayambitse zotsatira za teratogenic.
Pa kafukufuku m'modzi mwa azimayi omwe ali ndi matuza kusanachitike, anapezeka kuti mankhwala a prophylactic amatha kuphatikizidwa ndi chiopsezo chowonjezeka cha necrotizing enterocolitis akhanda. Monga mankhwala onse, Augmentin® siyikulimbikitsidwa kuti mugwiritse ntchito panthawi yomwe muli ndi pakati, pokhapokha ngati phindu lomwe mayi akuyembekezera limaposa chiwopsezo cha mwana wosabadwayo.
Nthawi yoyamwitsa
Augmentin® ikhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito poyamwitsa. Kupatula kuthekera kwa kutulutsa chidwi, kutsegula m'mimba, ndi maswiti amkamwa ndi michere yolumikizidwa ndi kulowetsedwa kwa kuchuluka kwa zinthu zomwe zimagwira popanga mankhwala mu mkaka wa m'mawere, palibe zovuta zina zomwe zimawonedwa mwa makanda oyamwa. Pankhani yovuta ya makanda oyamwitsa, iyenera kusiyidwa.

ULEMEKEZO NDI KULAMULIRA

Zokhudza pakamwa.
Mlingo wa mankhwalawa umayikidwa payekha kutengera zaka, kulemera kwa thupi, impso ya wodwalayo, komanso kuopsa kwa matendawa.
Kuti muchepetse kusokonezeka kwa m'mimba ndikuwonjezera kuyamwa, mankhwalawa ayenera kumwedwa kumayambiriro kwa chakudya.
Njira yochepetsetsa ya mankhwala opha maantibayotiki ndi masiku 5.
Kuchiza sikuyenera kupitilira masiku opitilira 14 osanenapo za matenda.
Ngati ndi kotheka, ndikotheka kuchitapo kanthu pang'onopang'ono (oyamba, makonzedwe a Augmentin ® mu mawonekedwe a mlingo; ufa pokonzekera njira yothandizira pakukonzekera kwamkati ndi kusintha kwina kwa kukonzekera kwa Augmentin ® mitundu yamafomu).
Kumbukirani kuti mapiritsi awiri a Augmentin® 250 mg / 125 mg siofanana ndi piritsi limodzi la Augmentin® 500 mg / 125 mg.
Akuluakulu ndi ana azaka 12 kapena kupitirira kapena masekeli 40 kapena kupitilira
Piritsi limodzi 250 mg / 125 mg katatu patsiku matenda opatsirana modekha.
Mu matenda opweteka kwambiri (kuphatikiza matenda amkati komanso obwereza kwamkodzo, matenda oyamba ndi kupuma kwaposachedwa), mankhwala ena a Augmentin® amalimbikitsidwa.
Magulu apadera a odwala
Ana osakwana zaka 12 kapena masekeli osakwana 40
Mwa ana osakwana zaka 12, tikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito mitundu ina ya kukonzekera kwa Augmentin®.
Odwala okalamba
Palibe kusintha kwa mlingo womwe ukufunika. Okalamba odwala mkhutu aimpso ntchito, mlingo uyenera kusinthidwa monga tafotokozera pamwambapa kwa akulu omwe ali ndi vuto laimpso.
Odwala ndi mkhutu aimpso ntchito
Kuwongolera kwa dongosolo la mankhwalawa kumadalira kuchuluka kwa mlingo wovomerezeka wa amoxicillin ndi kufunika kwa chiwonetsero cha ntchito.

Chochitika cha Creatinine chilolezo cha Augmentin® dosing
> 30 ml / min Palibe kusintha kwa Mlingo kofunikira
10-30 ml / min 1 piritsi 250 mg / 125 mg (kwa matenda ofatsa pang'ono) kawiri pa tsiku

Tulutsani mafomu, mitundu ndi mayina a Augmentin

Pakadali pano, Augmentin akupezeka m'mitundu itatu:
1. Augmentin
2. Augmentin EU,
3. Augmentin SR.

Mitundu yonse itatu iyi ya Augmentin ndi mitundu yogulitsa ya antibayotiki yomweyo yofanana ndi mawonekedwe, zikuwonetsa ndi malamulo ogwiritsira ntchito. Kusiyana kokhako pakati pa mitundu yamalonda ya Augmentin ndi kuchuluka kwa chinthu chogwira ntchito ndi mawonekedwe omasulidwa (mapiritsi, kuyimitsidwa, ufa wothandizira jakisoni). Kusiyanaku kumakulolani kuti musankhe mtundu wabwino kwambiri wa mankhwalawo pamilandu iliyonse. Mwachitsanzo, ngati munthu wamkulu pazifukwa zina sangathe kumeza mapiritsi a Augmentin, amatha kugwiritsa ntchito kuyimitsidwa kwa Augmentin EU, etc.

Nthawi zambiri, mitundu yonse ya mankhwalawa imangotchedwa "Augmentin," ndikufotokozera tanthauzo lenileni, amangowonjezera dzina la mawonekedwe ndi Mlingo, mwachitsanzo, kuyimitsidwa kwa Augmentin 200, mapiritsi a Augmentin 875, etc.

Zosiyanasiyana za Augmentin zimapezeka mu mitundu yotsatsa:
1. Augmentin:

Mapiritsi amlomo
Mphamvu yakuyimitsidwa pakamwa
Ufa wa yankho la jakisoni.

2. Augmentin EU:

Mphamvu ya kuyimitsidwa pakamwa.

3. Augmentin SR:

Mapiritsi osinthidwa amasinthidwe okhala ndi nthawi yayitali.

M'moyo watsiku ndi tsiku, popanga mitundu ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya Augmentin, kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka njira mofupikitsidwa, komwe kumakhala mawu akuti "Augmentin" ndi chisonyezo cha mtundu kapena mlingo, mwachitsanzo, kuyimitsidwa kwa Augmentin, Augmentin 400, ndi zina zambiri.

Mapangidwe a Augmentin

Kuphatikizidwa kwa mitundu yonse ndi Mlingo wa Augmentin pamene zigawo zikuphatikizika zikuphatikiza zinthu ziwiri izi:

Amoxicillin
Clavulanic acid.

Amoxicillin ndi clavulanic acid mu mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya Augmentin amapezeka mosiyanasiyana komanso mulingo wina ndi mnzake, zomwe zimakupatsani mwayi wosankha kuchuluka kwamankhwala omwe ali ndi vuto lililonse pachaka komanso msinkhu wa munthu.

Amoxicillin ndi mankhwala a gulu la penicillin, omwe ali ndi zochita zambiri ndipo amawonongera kuchuluka kwa mabakiteriya omwe amachititsa matenda opatsirana a ziwalo zosiyanasiyana ndi machitidwe. Kuphatikiza apo, amooticillin imalekeredwa bwino ndipo sizimayambitsa zovuta, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti maantibayotiki akhale otetezeka, ogwira ntchito komanso ovomerezeka kuti azigwiritsidwa ntchito ngakhale mwa amayi apakati ndi makanda.

Komabe, ili ndi drawback imodzi - kukana amoxicillin m'mitundu yambiri yama bacteria pambuyo masiku angapo ogwiritsa ntchito, popeza ma ma virus atayamba kutulutsa zinthu zapadera - ma lactamases omwe amawononga maantibayotiki. Izi zimachepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito amoxicillin pochiza matenda a bakiteriya.

Komabe, kuperewera kwa amoxicillin kumathetsedwa. clavulanic acid , yomwe ndi gawo lachiwiri la Augmentin. Clavulanic acid ndi chinthu chomwe chimalowetsa ma lactamases opangidwa ndi mabakiteriya, motero, chimapangitsa amoxicillin kugwira ntchito ngakhale motsutsana ndi tizilomboti tomwe kale sitinazigwiritse ntchito. Ndiye kuti, clavulanic acid imapangitsa amoxicillin kugwira ntchito motsutsana ndi mabakiteriya omwe anali kugonjetsedwa ndi machitidwe ake, omwe amakulitsa kwakukulu kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa mankhwala osakanikirana a Augmentin.

Chifukwa chake, kuphatikiza kwa amoxicillin + clavulanic acid kumapangitsa kuti maantibayotiki akhale othandiza kwambiri, kumawonjezera mawonekedwe ake ndikuwathandiza kupewetsa kukana kwa mabakiteriya.

Mlingo wa Augmentin (kwa akulu ndi ana)

Mtundu uliwonse wa Augmentin uli ndi zinthu ziwiri zogwira - amoxicillin ndi clavulanic acid, kotero, kuchuluka kwa mankhwalawa sikuwonetsedwa ndi nambala imodzi, koma ndi awiri, mwachitsanzo, 400 mg + 57 mg, etc. Komanso, manambala oyamba nthawi zonse amawonetsa kuchuluka kwa amoxicillin, ndipo chachiwiri - clavulanic acid.

Chifukwa chake, Augmentin mu mawonekedwe a ufa pokonzekera yankho la jakisoni amapezeka mu Mlingo wa 500 mg + 100 mg ndi 1000 mg + 200 mg. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mutatha kupaka phula ndi madzi, yankho limapezeka lomwe lili ndi 500 mg kapena 1000 mg ya amoxicillin ndipo, motero, 100 mg ndi 200 mg ya clavulanic acid. M'moyo watsiku ndi tsiku, mitundu iyi ya mankhwalawa imangotchedwa "Augmentin 500" ndi "Augmentin 1000", pogwiritsa ntchito chithunzi chosonyeza zomwe zili amoillillin ndikusiya kuchuluka kwa clavulanic acid.

Augmentin mu mawonekedwe a ufa pokonzekera kuyimitsidwa kwamlomo amapezeka mu mitundu itatu: 125 mg + 31.25 mg pa 5 ml, 200 mg + 28,5 mg pa 5 ml ndi 400 mg + 57 mg pa 5 ml. M'moyo watsiku ndi tsiku, magawidwe a kuchuluka kwa clavulanic acid nthawi zambiri samasiyidwa, ndipo ndizomwe zimapangidwa amoxicillin zokha, popeza kuwerengera kwa mankhwalawa kumachitika makamaka chifukwa cha antiotic. Chifukwa cha izi, mawonekedwe apafupi a kuyimitsidwa kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana amawoneka motere: "Augmentin 125", "Augmentin 200" ndi "Augmentin 400".

Popeza kuyimitsidwa kwa Augmentin kumagwiritsidwa ntchito mwa ana osakwana zaka 12, nthawi zambiri amatchedwa "Ana Augmentin". Chifukwa chake, Mlingo wa kuyimitsidwa umatchedwa khanda. M'malo mwake, Mlingo wa kuyimitsidwa uku ndi wofanana ndipo ungagwiritsidwe ntchito bwino kwa akuluakulu omwe ali ndi thupi lozama, koma chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito kwambiri mankhwalawa kwa ana, amatchedwa ana.

Mapiritsi a Augmentin amapezeka mu mitundu itatu: 250 mg + 125 mg, 500 mg + 125 mg ndi 875 mg + 125 mg, omwe amasiyana pazomwe zili amoxicillin zokha. Chifukwa chake, m'moyo watsiku ndi tsiku, mapiritsi nthawi zambiri amafotokozedwa amafotokozera, kungowonetsa kuchuluka kwa amoxicillin: "Augmentin 250", "Augmentin 500" ndi "Augmentin 875". Kuchuluka kwa amoxicillin kuli piritsi limodzi la Augmentin.

Augmentin EC ilipo mu ufa wa fomu pokonzekera kuyimitsidwa mu gawo limodzi - 600 mg + 42.9 mg pa 5 ml. Izi zikutanthauza kuti 5 ml ya kuyimitsidwa komwe kumakhala muli 600 mg ya amoxicillin ndi 42.9 mg ya clavulanic acid.

Augmentin SR imapezeka mu mawonekedwe a piritsi limodzi ndi gawo limodzi lazinthu zogwira - 1000 mg + 62,5 mg. Izi zikutanthauza kuti piritsi limodzi lili ndi 1000 mg ya amoxicillin ndi 62,5 mg wa clavulanic acid.

Kutulutsa Fomu

Mapiritsi a Augmentin amasiyana pama mawonekedwe owumbika, chipolopolo choyera ndi choyera kapena choyera ngati chikasu pakhungu. Mbali imodzi ya mapiritsiwa imakhala ndi mzere womwe umatha kuthira mankhwala. Mbali iliyonse ya mankhwalawo mumalembedwa zilembo zazikulu A ndi C. Mapale amagulitsidwa mumatumba azidutswa 7 kapena 10, ndipo mu paketi imodzi mumakhala mapiritsi 14 kapena 20.

Mankhwala amapangidwa mwanjira zina:

Mbale za ufa womwe ukonzekere kuyimitsidwa. Fomuyi imaperekedwa m'njira zingapo, kutengera mtundu wa amoxicillin pa mamililita asanu a mankhwalawa - 125 mg, 200 mg kapena 400 mg.
Mbale zampweya zomwe zimapukusira jekeseni wamkati. Amapezekanso mumiyeso iwiri - 500mg + 100mg ndi 1000mg + 200mg.

Zomwe zimagwira piritsi la Augmentin ndi mitundu iwiri:

Amoxicillin, yomwe imayikidwa mu mankhwala ngati mawonekedwe a trihydrate.
Clavulanic acid, yomwe imapezeka pamapiritsi amchere wamchere wa potaziyamu.

Kutengera kuchuluka kwa zosakaniza izi papiritsi limodzi, Mlingo wotsatira umasiyanitsidwa:

250 mg + 125 mg
500 mg + 125 mg
875 mg + 125 mg

Mwanjira iyi, nambala yoyamba ikuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa amoxicillin, ndipo yachiwiri ikuwonetsa zomwe zili mu clavulanic acid.

Zothandiza pazomwe zili mkati mwa mapiritsiwo ndi colloidal silicon dioxide, MCC, magnesium stearate ndi carboxymethyl starch sodium. Chipolopolo cha mankhwala chimapangidwa kuchokera ku macrogol (4000 ndi 6000), dimethicone, hypromellose (5 ndi 15 cps) ndi titanium dioxide.

Mfundo yogwira ntchito

Amoxicillin omwe amapezeka mu mankhwalawa amakhala ndi mphamvu ya mabakiteriya osiyanasiyana, koma sizimakhudza ma tizilombo tating'onoting'ono omwe amatha kubisa beta-lactamases, chifukwa michere yotere imawononga. Chifukwa cha kutsegula kwa beta-lactamase clavulanic acid, kuwonekera kwa mapiritsi kukukulira. Pazifukwa izi, kuphatikiza kwa ntchito zoterezi ndizothandiza kuposa mankhwala omwe ali ndi amoxicillin okha.

Augmentin akugwira motsutsana ndi staphylococci, listeria, gonococci, pertussis bacillus, peptococcus, streptococcus, hemophilic bacillus, helicobacter, clostridia, leptospira ndi tizilombo tina tambiri.

Komabe, mabakiteriya monga Proteus, Salmonella, Shigella, Escherichia, pneumococcus ndi Klebsiella atha kugonjetsedwa ndi maantibayotiki. Ngati mwana ali ndi kachilombo, mycoplasma, chlamydia, entero-kapena cytrobacter, pseudomonas ndi ma virus ena, zotsatira za chithandizo ndi Augmentin sizingatero.

Piritsi Augmentin imalembedwa kuti:

Sinusitis
Tonsillite
Chibayo kapena bronchitis,
Puloma otitis media
Pyelonephritis, cystitis ndi matenda ena amtundu wamkaka,
Kuthokomola
Gonorrhea
Matenda a Streptococcal / staphylococcal a pakhungu kapena minofu yofewa,
Periodontitis ndi matenda ena odontogenic,
Peritonitis
Matenda ophatikizika
Osteomyelitis
Cholecystitis
Sepsis ndi matenda ena omwe amapweteketsedwa ndi tizilombo tating'onoting'ono ta mankhwala.

Kodi ndingatenge zaka zingati?

Kuchiza ndi mapiritsi a Augmentin akulimbikitsidwa kwa ana opitirira zaka 12. Itha kuperekedwanso kwa ana aang'ono ngati kulemera kwa thupi la mwana kupitirira 40 kilogalamu. Ngati mukufuna kupereka mankhwalawa kwa mwana wochepa thupi komanso ali ndi zaka zoyambira (mwachitsanzo, wazaka 6), gwiritsani ntchito kuyimitsidwa. Mawonekedwe amadzimadzi oterewa amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngakhale khanda.

Malamulo onse otenga mitundu yonse ndi mitundu ya Augmentin

Mapiritsi amayenera kumezedwa kwathunthu, osafuna kutafuna, osaluma kapena kupsinjika mwanjira ina iliyonse, ndikutsukidwa ndi madzi pang'ono (theka lagalasi).

Musanatenge kuyimitsidwa, yeretsani kuchuluka komwe mukufunikira pogwiritsa ntchito kapu yoyesera kapena syringe yokhala ndi zilembo. Kuyimitsidwa kumatengedwa pakamwa, kumeza muyeso wofunikira kuchokera mwachindunji. Ana omwe pazifukwa zina sangathe kumwa kuyimitsidwa koyera, ndikofunikira kuti azithira ndi madzi muyezo wa 1: 1, atatsanulira gawo loyenera kuchokera ku kapu yoyesera mu kapu kapena chidebe china. Mukatha kugwiritsa ntchito, chophimba kapena syringe iyenera kupukutidwa ndi madzi oyera.

Pofuna kuchepetsa kusokonezeka komanso zoyipa kuchokera m'mimba, timalimbikitsidwa kumwa mapiritsi ndi kuyimitsidwa koyambirira kwa chakudya. Komabe, ngati izi sizingatheke pazifukwa zilizonse, ndiye kuti mapiritsi amatha kumwa nthawi iliyonse pokhudzana ndi chakudya, popeza chakudya sichimakhudza kwambiri zotsatira za mankhwalawo.

Jakisoni wa Augmentin amaperekedwa kokha m'mitsempha. Mutha kubaya jet yankho (kuchokera pa syringe) kapena kulowetsedwa ("dontho"). Mgwirizano wamankhwala osokoneza bongo saloledwa! Njira yothetsera jakisoni imakonzedwa kuchokera ku ufa nthawi yomweyo isanakonzedwe ndipo siisungidwa ngakhale mufiriji.

Kukhazikika kwa mapiritsi ndi kuyimitsidwa, komanso kukhazikika kwa yankho la Augmentin, kuyenera kuchitika pafupipafupi. Mwachitsanzo, ngati mukufunika kumwa mankhwalawa kawiri patsiku, ndiye kuti mukuyenera kukhalabe ndi nthawi yofananira ndi maola 12 pakati pa mulingo. Ngati kuli kofunikira kutenga Augmentin katatu pa tsiku, ndiye kuti muyenera kuchita izi kwa maola 8 aliwonse, kuyesa kutsatira mosamalitsa izi, ndi zina zambiri.

Njira yovomerezeka yovomerezeka yamtundu uliwonse wa Augmentin ndi masiku 5. Izi zikutanthauza kuti simungathe kumwa mankhwalawa kwa masiku osakwana 5. Kutalika kovomerezeka kogwiritsa ntchito mtundu uliwonse ndi mitundu ya Augmentin popanda mayeso obwereza ndi milungu iwiri. Ndiye kuti, atapezeka kuti sanakuwunikiranso kachiwiri, mutha kumwa mankhwalawa osapitilira milungu iwiri. Ngati, munthawi yamankhwala, kuwerenganso mobwerezabwereza kunachitika, komwe kunawululira njira yabwino, koma yochepetsetsa, yolimbikitsa, ndiye, motengera zotsatirazi, kutalika kwa Augmentin makonzedwe kumatha kuwonjezeka mpaka milungu itatu kapena inayi.

Ngati ndi kotheka, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala othandizira omwe ali munthawi yogwiritsira ntchito jakisoni ndi mapiritsi kapena kuyimitsidwa mkati. Pankhaniyi, choyamba kuti apeze mphamvu zambiri, jakisoni wa Augmentin amachitidwa, kenako amasintha mapiritsi kapena kuyimitsidwa.

Simuyenera kusintha mitundu ndi mitundu yonse ya Augmentin wina ndi mnzake, mwachitsanzo, m'malo mwa piritsi limodzi la 500 mg + 125 mg, tengani mapiritsi awiri a 250 mg + 125 mg, etc. M'malo oterowo sangathe kupanga, popeza mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mankhwalawo siofanana. Popeza pali mitundu yambiri ya a Augmentin, muyenera kusankha yoyenera, osagwiritsa ntchito yomwe ilipo, kuyesa m'malo mwake ndi yofunikira.

Contraindication

Mapiritsi sakuperekedwa kwa ana omwe ali ndi hypersensitivity pazomwe ali nazo. Komanso, mankhwalawa amakhala opatsirana ngati mwana sakumva mankhwala aliwonse, ma penicillin kapena cephalosporins. Wodwala wochepa akakhala kuti wadwala chiwindi kapena impso, kugwiritsa ntchito Augmentin kumafunika kuyang'aniridwa ndi dokotala malinga ndi zotsatira za mayeso.

Tikukulimbikitsani kuti muwone kanema wa Dr. Komarovsky onena za mankhwala omwe ayenera kukhala mnyumba momwe muli mwana komanso momwe mungamwere bwino.

Zotsatira zoyipa

Thupi la mwana limatha kuyankha ku kulandidwa kwa Augmentin:

Maonekedwe a ziwengo, monga urticaria kapena kuyabwa khungu.
Ndi mapando otayirira, nseru, kapena kusanza.
Kusintha kwa kuchuluka kwa maselo amwazi, mwachitsanzo, leukocytopenia ndi thrombocytopenia. Nthawi zina, mankhwalawa amakhumudwitsa anemia, agranulocytosis komanso zina.
Kupezeka kwa candidiasis pakhungu kapena mucous nembanemba.
Kuchuluka kwa chiwindi michere.
Chizungulire kapena mutu.

Nthawi zina, kulandira chithandizo chamankhwala oterewa kungayambitse kugwidwa, stomatitis, colitis, anaphylaxis, kukwiya kwamanjenje, kutupa kwa impso ndi zina. Ngati zikuwoneka mwa mwana, mapiritsiwo amathetsedwa.

Malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito

Malangizo a Augmentin mapiritsi amakhudzidwa ndi kulemera ndi msinkhu wa wodwalayo, komanso kuuma kwa zotupa za bakiteriya, komanso ntchito yaimpso.
Kuti mankhwalawa ayambitse zovuta kuchokera m'mimba, amalangizidwa kuti amwe ndi chakudya (kumayambiriro kwa chakudya). Ngati izi sizingatheke, mutha kumwa mapilitsi nthawi iliyonse, popeza kugaya chakudya sikukhudza mayamwidwe ake.
Mankhwalawa amalembedwa kwa masiku osachepera asanu, koma osapitilira milungu iwiri.
Ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti piritsi limodzi la 500mg + 125mg silingasinthidwe ndi mapiritsi awiri a 250mg + 125mg. Mlingo wawo ndi wofanana.

Kusankha mtundu wa mankhwala

Mosasamala za kuopsa kwa matenda opatsirana, achikulire ndi ana opitirira zaka 12 kapena akulemera kwambiri makilogalamu 40 ayenera kumwa Augmentin piritsi lokha (mulingo uliwonse - 250/125, 500/125 kapena 875/125) kapena kuyimitsidwa ndi Mlingo wa 400 mg + 57 mg Kuyimitsidwa kwamankhwala osokoneza bongo a 125 mg ndi 200 mg sayenera kumwedwa ndi akulu ndi ana opitilira zaka 12, popeza kuchuluka kwa amoxicillin ndi clavulanic acid mwa iwo sikuyenera kulingalira kuchuluka kwa chimbudzi ndi kugawa kwa mankhwalawo.

Ana osaposa zaka 12 kapena okhala ndi thupi lochepera makilogalamu 40 ayenera kumwa Augmentin pokhapokha akaimitsidwa. Pankhaniyi, ana ochepera miyezi 3 atha kupatsidwa kuyimitsidwa ndi Mlingo wa 125 / 31.25 mg. Mwa ana osaposa miyezi itatu, amaloledwa kugwiritsa ntchito kuyimitsidwa ndi Mlingo uliwonse wa zofunikira. Chifukwa chakuti kuyimitsidwa kwa Augmentin kumapangidwira ana, nthawi zambiri amatchedwa "Ana Augmentin," popanda kuwonetsa fomu ya kuyimitsidwa (kuyimitsidwa). Mlingo wa kuyimitsidwa umawerengeredwa payekha kutengera zaka komanso kulemera kwa mwana.

Jakisoni wa Augmentin angagwiritsidwe ntchito kwa ana amisinkhu iliyonse komanso kwa akulu, mutawerengera kuchuluka kwa kulemera kwa thupi.

Kuyimitsidwa kwa Augmentin EU komanso mapiritsi a Augmentin SR angatengedwe kokha kwa akulu ndi ana opitilira zaka 12 kapena kukhala ndi thupi lolemera kuposa 40 kg.

Malamulo okonza zoyimitsidwa Augmentin ndi Augmentin EU

Simungathe kutsanulira ufa wonse kuchokera mu botolo ndikuugawa, mwachitsanzo, m'magawo awiri, 3, 4 kapena kuposerapo, kenako ndikugawa zigawo zomwe mwapeza pokhapokha. Kupsinjika koteroko kumayambitsa kuchuluka kolondola ndi kugawa mosasinthika kwa zinthu zogwiritsidwa ntchito m'magawo a ufa, chifukwa ndizosatheka kusakaniza kotero kuti mamolekyulu azinthu zofunikira amagawidwa moyenera mosiyanasiyana kuzungulira voliyumu. Izi, zimayambitsa kusayenda bwino kwa kuyimitsidwa komwe kumakonzedwa kuchokera hafu imodzi ya ufa, ndikuwonjezereka kwa kuyimitsidwa komwe kumapangidwa kuchokera ku gawo lina la ufa. Ndiye kuti, atatha kuphwanya, mu gawo limodzi la ufa mumakhala zinthu zochepa zomwe zimagwira, ndipo inayo, mosiyana, zochuluka. Zotsatira zake, kuyimitsidwa komwe kumapangidwa ndi ufa wokhala ndi zinthu zochepa zogwira ntchito kumakhala ndi ndende yochepa kwambiri ya amoxicillin ndi clavulanic acid kuposa zofunika. Ndipo kuyimitsanso kwina, komwe kumakonzedwa kuchokera ku ufa wokhala ndi kuchuluka kwa amoxicillin ndi clavulanic acid, m'malo mwake, kumakhala ndi kuchuluka kwa zinthu zambiri zogwira ntchito.

Kuyimitsidwa kumakonzedwa ndi mlingo uliwonse wa magawo othandizira motere:
1. 60 ml ya madzi owiritsa owiritsa amawonjezeredwa botolo la ufa (kuchuluka kwa madzi kumatha kuyeza ndi syringe).
2. Pukusani pa kapu yamabotolo ndikugwedeza mwamphamvu mpaka ufa utasungunuka kwathunthu.
3. Kenako ikani botolo kwa mphindi 5 pamalo athyathyathya.
4. Zitachitika izi, tinthu tating'onoting'ono ta ufa tisonkhanitsire pansi, kenako gwiritsani ntchito vial ija mwamphamvu ndikuyiyikanso pamalo osalala kwa mphindi 5.
5. Mukakhala, mutatha mphindi 5 kukhazikika, palibe dothi la ufa lomwe limatsalira pansi pa vial, tsegulani chivundikirocho ndikuwonjezera madzi owiritsa pamutu.

Kumbukirani kuti pokonzekera kuyimitsidwa ndi Mlingo wa 125 / 31.25, madzi ambiri (pafupifupi 92 ml) adzafunika kuposa mankhwala 200 / 28,5 ndi 400/57 (pafupifupi 64 ml). Chifukwa chake, pakuwunika koyamba, ndikofunikira kuti osatenga madzi osaposa 60 ml (amaloledwa kuthira pang'ono, koma osapitilira, kuti atalandira kuyimitsidwa sikuwoneka kuti mulingo wake ndiwokwera kuposa chizindikiro chomwe chili pabotolo).

Kuyimitsa komwe kumalizidwa kumatha kusungidwa mufiriji (popanda kuzizira) kwa sabata, pambuyo pake zonse zotsalira siziyenera kutayidwa. Ngati njira yoperekera chithandizo imatha masiku opitilira 7, ndiye patatha sabata imodzi yosungirako, muyenera kutaya zotsalira za yankho lakale ndikukonzekera watsopano.

Malangizo okonza njira ya jekeseni wa Augmentin

Kukonzekera yankho la jakisoni, zomwe zili m'botolo ndi ufa mu mulingo wa 500/100 (0,6 g) mu 10 ml ya madzi ziyenera kuchepetsedwa, ndipo botolo lomwe lili ndi mulingo wa 1000/200 (1.2 g) mu 20 ml ya madzi. Kuti muchite izi, 10 kapena 20 ml ya madzi a jakisoni amakokedwa mu syringe, pambuyo pake botolo lomwe akufuna ndi ufa limatsegulidwa. Hafu yamadzi kuchokera mu syringe (ndiye kuti 5 kapena 10 ml) imawonjezeredwa mu vial ndikugwedezeka bwino mpaka ufa utatha. Kenako onjezerani madzi otsalawo ndikugwedezanso bwino. Pambuyo pa izi, yankho lomalizidwa limasiyidwa kuti liyime kwa mphindi zitatu mpaka zisanu. Ngati ziphuphu za insoluble zimawoneka pansi pamtunda mutatha kukhazikikanso, gwedezani chimbacho mwamphamvu .Posapezeka tinthu tating'onoting'ono tokhala pansi pa vial titakhazikika kwa mphindi zitatu kapena zisanu, yankho lingaganiziridwe okonzeka ndikugwiritsa ntchito.

Ngati Augmentin amathandizidwa ndi ndege, ndiye kuti yankho lolondola limachotsedwa kuchokera ku vial ndikulowetsedwa mu syringe yovunda ndi kulowetsedwa pang'onopang'ono kupitirira mphindi 3 mpaka 4. Kwa jet intravenous makonzedwe, yankho liyenera kukonzedwa nthawi yomweyo musanagwiritse ntchito. Nthawi yovomerezeka yosungirako yotsirizidwa musanalowe jekeseni wosapitilira mphindi 20.

Ngati Augmentin azikuponyedwa mu mawonekedwe a dontho, ndiye kuti zomwe zili mu vial (njira yonse yotsirizidwa) zimathiridwa mu kulowetsedwa kwamadzi kale mu dongosolo (dontho). Komanso, yankho lomwe limagwira ntchito ya 500/100 limapukusidwa ndi 50 ml ya kulowetsedwa kwamadzimadzi, ndi yankho ndi mlingo wa 1000/100 - 100 ml ya kulowetsedwa kwamadzimadzi. Ndiye voliyumu yonse yothetsera vutoli imabayidwa kwa mphindi 30 mpaka 40.

Monga kulowetsedwa kwamadzi, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa:

Madzi a jakisoni
Yankho la Ringer,
Saline yankho
Anakonza ndi potaziyamu ndi sodium chloride,
Glucose yankho
Dextran
Sodium bicarbonate solution.

Njira yothetsera kulowetsedwa ikhoza kusungidwa kwa maola atatu mpaka anayi.

Kuyimitsidwa kwa Augmentin (Augmentin 125, Augmentin 200 ndi Augmentin 400) - malangizo a ana

Musanagwiritse ntchito, muyenera kusankha ufa ndi mulingo woyenera ndikukonzekera kuyimitsidwa. Kuyimitsidwa kwamaliridwe kuyenera kusungidwa mufiriji, osagwiritsa ntchito kuzizira, kwa masiku 7. Ngati mukufunika kutenga sabata lopitilira sabata, ndiye kuti zotsala zomwe zayimitsidwa mufiriji ziyenera kutayidwa kwa masiku 8 ndipo yatsopano ikonzedwe.

Asanalandire chilichonse, ndikofunikira kugwedeza vial ndi kuyimitsidwa, ndipo zitachitika izi, dinani ndalama zofunika pogwiritsa ntchito chipewa choyezera kapena syringe wamba yokhala ndi magawano. Mukatha kugwiritsa ntchito iliyonse, muzitsuka kapu ndi syringe ndi madzi oyera.

Kuyimitsidwa kumatha kuledzera mwachindunji kuchokera ku kapu yoyezera kapena komwe kanatsanuliridwa pachidebe chaching'ono, mwachitsanzo, galasi, ndi zina zambiri. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuthira kuyimitsidwa komwe kumakokedwa mu syringe mu supuni kapena kapu. Ngati pazifukwa zina zimakhala zovuta kuti mwana amame kuyimitsidwa koyera, ndiye kuti kuchuluka kwa gawo limodzi kumatha kuchepetsedwa ndi madzi muyezo wa 1: 1. Pankhaniyi, simungathe kuchepetsa ufa ndi madzi ochulukirapo nthawi yomweyo. Kuyimitsidwa kuyenera kuchepetsedwa musanadye mlingo uliwonse komanso kuchuluka kofunikira panthawi imodzi.

Mlingo wa Augmentin munthawi iliyonse amawerengedwa mosiyanasiyana malinga ndi kulemera kwa thupi, zaka komanso kuopsa kwa matenda a mwana. Mwanjira imeneyi, amoxicillin okha amawerengedwa kuti awerengere, ndipo clavulanic acid sinyalanyazidwa. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti ana osaposa zaka 2 ayenera kupatsidwa kuyimitsidwa kwa Augmentin 125 / 31,5. Ndipo ana opitirira zaka ziwiri amatha kupatsidwa kuyimitsidwa ndi Mlingo uliwonse wa zinthu zomwe zimagwira (Augmentin 125, 200 ndi 400).

Ana osakwana miyezi 3 Mlingo watsiku lililonse wa kuyimitsidwa kwa Augmentin uyenera kuwerengera malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa 30 mg ya amoxicillin pa 1 kg. Kenako tanthauzirani kuchuluka kwa mg mu milliliters, mlingo womwe umayambika tsiku lililonse umagawidwa ndi 2 ndikupatsa mwana kawiri pa tsiku maola 12 aliwonse. Ganizirani chitsanzo cha kuwerengetsa kwa kuyimitsidwa kwa Augmentin 125 / 31.25 kwa mwana wazaka 1 mwezi wolemera 6 kg. Chifukwa chake, mlingo wa tsiku ndi tsiku kwa iye ndi 30 mg * 6 kg = 180 mg. Chotsatira, muyenera kuwerengetsa mamililita angati a kuyimitsidwa kwa 125 / 31.25 yomwe ili ndi 180 mg ya amoxicillin. Kuti tichite izi, tikulemba motere:
125 mg mu 5 ml (uku ndiye kuyimitsidwa kosungidwa monga momwe wopangidwira wanenera)
180 mg mu X (x) ml.

Kuchokera pagawo lomwe timapanga equation: X = 180 * 5/125 = 7.2 ml.

Ndiye kuti, tsiku lililonse la Augmentin mwana wakhanda wazaka 1 wokhala ndi thupi lolemera 6 makilogalamu ali ndi 7.2 ml ya kuyimitsidwa ndi mlingo wa 125 / 31.25. Popeza mwana amafunikira kupatsidwa kuyimitsidwa kawiri pa tsiku, ndiye kuti mugawe 7.2 / 2 = 3.6 ml. Chifukwa chake mwana ayenera kupatsidwa 3.6 ml ya kuyimitsidwa kawiri pa tsiku.

Ana kuyambira miyezi itatu mpaka zaka 12 kuwerengetsa Mlingo wa kuyimitsidwa amapangidwa malinga ndi ziwerengero zina, komanso kuganizira kulemera kwa thupi ndi kuopsa kwa matendawa. Chifukwa chake, Mlingo wa tsiku ndi tsiku wa kuyimitsidwa kwa zinthu zosiyanasiyana poyerekeza amawerengedwa ndi ziwerengero zotsatirazi:

Kuyimitsidwa 125 / 31.25 - kuwerengera mulingo wake malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa 20 - 40 mg wa kilogalamu imodzi,
Kuyimitsidwa 200 / 28,5 ndi 400/57 - kuwerengetsa kuchuluka kwa 25 - 45 mg pa 1 makilogalamu.

Nthawi yomweyo, otsika magawo (20 mg pa 1 makilogalamu pakuyimitsidwa kwa 125 mg ndi 25 mg pa 1 kg kwa kuyimitsidwa kwa 200 mg ndi 400 mg) amatengedwa kuti awerenge tsiku lililonse la Augmentin pochiza matenda a khungu ndi minofu yofewa. Ndipo zigawo zikuluzikulu (40 mg / 1 makilogalamu pakuyimitsidwa kwa 125 mg ndi 45 mg / 1 kg kwa kuyimitsidwa kwa 200 mg ndi 400 mg) amatengedwa kuwerengetsa Mlingo wa tsiku lililonse wazithandizo zamatenda ena onse (otitis media, sinusitis, bronchitis, chibayo, osteomyelitis, etc. .).

Kuphatikiza apo, kwa ana am'badwo uno, lamulo lotsatirali liyenera kukumbukiridwa - kuyimitsidwa komwe kumapangitsa anthu ambiri kukhala ndi 125 / 31,5 kumaperekedwa katatu tsiku lililonse maola 8, ndipo kuyimitsidwa pamankhwala 200 / 28,5 ndi 400/57 amaperekedwa kawiri patsiku. nthawi 12 koloko. Chifukwa chake, kuti mudziwe kuchuluka komwe kuyimitsidwa kuti mumupatse mwana, choyamba, molingana ndi ziwonetsero zomwe zawoneka pamwambapa, muyezo wa Augmentin mu mg umawerengeredwa, kenako umasinthidwa kukhala milliliters a kuyimitsidwa ndi ndende imodzi kapena ina. Pambuyo pake, ml ya chifukwa imagawidwa pawiri kapena katatu Mlingo patsiku.

Ganizirani chitsanzo cha kuwerengetsa kuchuluka kwa kuyimitsidwa kwa ana okulirapo kuposa miyezi itatu. Chifukwa chake, mwana amene ali ndi thupi lolemera makilogalamu 20 amadwala matendawa. Chifukwa chake, akuyenera kutenga kuyimitsidwa kwa 125 mg pa 20 mg pa 1 kg kapena kuyimitsidwa kwa 200 mg ndi 400 mg pa 25 mg pa 1 kg. Tiwerengetsa kuchuluka kwa mg omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi zinthu zomwe mwana amafunikira pazoyimira zonse:
1. Kuyimitsidwa 125 / 31.25: 20 mg * 20 kg = 400 mg patsiku,
2. Kuyimitsidwa 200 / 28,5 ndi 400/57: 25 mg * 20 kg = 500 mg patsiku.

Chotsatira, timawerengetsa mamililita angati a kuyimitsidwa ali ndi 400 mg ndi 500 mg ya amoxicillin, motero. Kuti tichite izi, timapanga kuchuluka.

Poimitsidwa ndi kuchuluka kwa 125 / 31.25 mg:
400 mg mu X ml
125 mg mu 5 ml, X = 5 * 400/125 = 16 ml.

Ndi kuyimitsidwa ndi kuchuluka kwa 200 / 28.5:
500 mg mu X ml
200 mg mu 5 ml, X = 5 * 500/20 = 12,5 ml.

Ngati kuyimitsidwa ndi kuchuluka kwa 400/57 mg:
500 mg mu X ml
400 mg mu 5 ml, X = 5 * 500/400 = 6.25 ml.

Izi zikutanthauza kuti kwa mwana amene ali ndi thupi lolemera makilogalamu 10 akuvutika ndi tonsillitis, tsiku lililonse mlingo woyimitsidwa wa 125 mg ndi 16 ml, kuyimitsidwa kwa 200 mg - 12.5 ml ndi kuyimitsidwa kwa 400 mg - 6.25 ml. Chotsatira, timagawa ma milliliters a kuchuluka kwa kuyimitsidwa tsiku lililonse mu 2 kapena 3 pa tsiku. Poyimitsidwa ndi 125 mg, gawani ndi 3 ndikupeza: 16 ml / 3 = 5.3 ml. Kwa kuyimitsidwa, 200 mg ndi 400 mg amagawidwa ndi 2 ndipo timalandira: 12.5 / 2 = 6.25 ml ndi 6.25 / 2 = 3.125 ml, motsatana. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mwana ayenera kupatsidwa mankhwalawa:

5.3 ml ya kuyimitsidwa ndi kuchuluka kwa 75 mg katatu patsiku maola 8 aliwonse,
6.25 ml ya kuyimitsidwa ndi kuchuluka kwa 200 mg kawiri patsiku pambuyo maola 12,
Pa 3.125 ml ya kuyimitsidwa ndi kuchuluka kwa 400 mg kawiri patsiku pambuyo maola 12.

Momwemonso, Mlingo wa kuyimitsidwa amawerengedwa pa vuto lililonse, poganizira kulemera kwa thupi la mwanayo komanso kuopsa kwa matenda ake.

Kuphatikiza pa njira yodziwika yowerengera kuchuluka kwa kuyimitsidwa pamilandu iliyonse, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito mlingo woyenera wofanana ndi zaka komanso kulemera kwa thupi. Mlingo wokhazikika womwewo umawonetsedwa patebulo.

Zaka zaubwana	Kulemera kwa mwana	Kuyimitsidwa 125 / 31.25 (imwani mankhwalawo katatu pa tsiku)	Kuyimitsidwa 200 / 28,5 ndi 400/57 (imwani mankhwalawa kawiri pa tsiku)
3 miyezi - 1 chaka	2 - 5 kg	1.5 - 2,5 ml	1.5 - 2.5 ml kuyimitsidwa 200 mg
3 miyezi - 1 chaka	6 - 9 kg	5 ml	5 ml kuyimitsidwa 200 mg
1 - 5 zaka	10 - 18 kg	10 ml	5 ml kuyimitsidwa 400 mg
6 - 9 wazaka	19 - 28 kg	15 ml kapena piritsi limodzi 250 + 125 mg katatu patsiku	7.5 ml ya kuyimitsidwa kwa 400 mg kapena piritsi limodzi la 500 + 125 mg katatu patsiku
Zaka 10 mpaka 12	29 - 39 kg	20 ml kapena piritsi limodzi 250 + 125 mg katatu patsiku	10 ml ya kuyimitsidwa kwa 400 mg kapena piritsi limodzi la 500 + 125 mg katatu patsiku

Gome ili lingagwiritsidwe ntchito kuzindikira msanga kuchuluka kwa kuyimitsidwa kosiyanasiyana kwa ana amisinkhu yosiyanasiyana ndi kulemera kwa thupi. Komabe, tikulimbikitsidwa kuwerengera Mlingo payekhapayekha payekha, chifukwa izi zimachepetsa chiopsezo cha zovuta komanso katundu pazimpso ndi chiwindi cha mwana.

Mapiritsi a Augmentin - malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito (ndi kusankha mankhwala)

Mapiritsi ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito patatha mwezi umodzi atatsegula zojambulazo. Ngati mapiritsi a Augmentin atatsalira patatha masiku 30 atatsegula phukusili, ayenera kutayidwa ndipo osagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Mapiritsi a Augmentin ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa achikulire ndi ana osaposa zaka 12 okhala ndi thupi lolemera 40 kg. Kusankha kwa mitundu ya mapiritsi kumatsimikiziridwa ndi kuopsa kwa matendawa ndipo sikukutengera zaka ndi kulemera kwa thupi.

Chifukwa chake, pamatenda ofatsa komanso odziletsa a kutengera kwina kulikonse, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti mutenge piritsi limodzi la 250 + 125 mg katatu patsiku maola 8 aliwonse masiku 7 mpaka 14.

Odwala kwambiri (kuphatikiza matenda omwe amapezeka pafupipafupi komanso amtundu wa kupuma), mapiritsi a Augmentin ayenera kumwedwa motere:

1 piritsi 500 + 125 mg katatu patsiku maola 8 aliwonse,
Piritsi limodzi la 875 + 125 mg kawiri pa tsiku maola 12 aliwonse.

Kuopsa kwa matendawa kumatsimikizika ndi kuopsa kwa kuledzera kwa zinthu: ngati mutu ndi kutentha ndizochepa (osati kuposa 38,5 o C), ndiye kuti nthenda yofatsa kapena yochepa. Ngati kutentha kwa thupi kukwera pamwamba pa 38,5 o C, ndiye kuti nthendayi imayambukiridwa kwambiri.

Pakufunika kwachangu, mutha kusintha mapiritsiwo ndi kuyimitsidwa molingana ndi makalata awa: 1 piritsi la 875 + 125 mg lofanana ndi 11 ml ya kuyimitsidwa kwa 400/5 mg. Zina zomwe mungachite kuti musinthe mapiritsi ndi kuyimitsidwa sizingapangidwe, popeza kuchuluka kwa mankhwalawo sikungafanane.

Malangizo apadera

Mwa okalamba, kusintha mlingo wa Augmentin sikofunikira. Anthu omwe akudwala matenda a chiwindi amayenera kuwunika momwe thupi limagwirira ntchito, monga ntchito ya AsAT, AlAT, ALP, etc. panthawi yonse yogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi Augmentin.

Musanayambe kugwiritsa ntchito Augmentin, muyenera kuwonetsetsa kuti munthu samadwala matenda a penicillin ndi magulu a cephalosporin. Ngati thupi lanu siligwirizana pakagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi Augmentin, ndiye kuti mankhwalawo ayenera kuyimitsidwa nthawi yomweyo osagwiritsidwanso ntchito.

Augmentin sayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati akuwonetsetsa kuti ali ndi matenda opatsirana a mononucleosis.

Mukamamwa Augmentin pamiyeso yambiri, malita 2 - 2,5 amadzimadzi patsiku amayenera kumamwa kuti mafuta ambiri asakhazikike mkodzo, omwe amatha kuwaza urethra mukamakodza.

Mukamagwiritsa ntchito kuyimitsidwa, onetsetsani kuti ndikutsuka mano anu kangapo patsiku kuti musadetse.

Pakulephera kwa impso ndi chilolezo cha creatinine choposa 30 ml / mphindi, Augmentin amayenera kumwedwa nthawi zonse malinga ndi zaka za munthu ndi kulemera kwake. Ngati creatinine chilolezo chotsutsa aimpso ndi ochepera 30 ml / min, ndiye njira zotsatirazi za Augmentin zomwe zingatengedwe:

Kuyimitsidwa ndi kuchuluka kwa 125 / 31.25 mg,
250 + 125 mg mapiritsi
500 + 125 mg mapiritsi
Njira yothetsera jakisoni 500/100 ndi 1000/2002.

Mlingo wa mitundu iyi ya Augmentin wogwiritsa ntchito kulephera kwa aimpso ndi creatinine chilolezo chochepera 30 mg / ml akuwonetsedwa pagome.

Chilolezo cha Creatinine	Mlingo woyimitsidwa 125 / 31.25 mg	Mlingo wa mapiritsi 250 + 125 mg ndi 500 + 125 mg	Mlingo wa Jekeseni wa Akuluakulu	Mlingo wa jakisoni wa ana
10 - 30 mg / ml	Tengani 15 mg pa kilogalamu imodzi ya kulemera kwa thupi kawiri pa tsiku	1 piritsi 2 pa tsiku	Kuyamba koyamba 1000/200, kenako 500/100 2 kawiri pa tsiku	Lowani 25 mg pa kilogalamu imodzi ya kulemera kawiri pa tsiku
Osakwana 10 mg / ml		Piritsi limodzi kamodzi patsiku	Kuyamba koyamba 1000/200, kenako 500/100 1 nthawi patsiku	Lowani 25 mg pa 1 kg wa kulemera 1 nthawi patsiku

Kuchita ndi mankhwala ena

Pogwiritsa ntchito munthawi yomweyo Augmentin ndi anticoagulants osadziwika (Warfarin, Thrombostop, etc.), INR iyenera kuyang'aniridwa, chifukwa imatha kusintha. Poterepa, ndikofunikira kusintha kuchuluka kwa anticoagulants panthawi yomwe akuwongolera limodzi ndi Augmentin.

Probenecid imabweretsa kuwonjezeka kwa ndende ya Augmentin m'magazi. Allopurinol mutatenga Augmentin kumawonjezera mwayi wokhala ndi khungu.

Augmentin imawonjezera kuwopsa kwa methotrexate ndikuchepetsa mphamvu ya kuphatikiza kwapakati pakamwa. Chifukwa chake, posiyana ndi kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka Augmentin, njira zowonjezera zakulera ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito.

Dosing tebulo

Kutengera mlingo wa mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito, mankhwalawa amaperekedwa kwa ana osaposa zaka 12 motere:

Amoxicillin ndi mlingo wa clavulanic acid	Momwe angatenge
250mg + 125mg	Piritsi limodzi katatu patsiku ngati kukula kwa matendawa kudekha kapena pang'ono
500mg + 125mg	Piritsi limodzi lililonse kwa maola 8, i.e. katatu patsiku
875mg + 125mg	Piritsi limodzi lokhala ndi maola 12, ndiye kuti, kawiri pa tsiku

Bongo

Ngati malingaliro osagwiritsidwa ntchito sanatsatidwe, Augmentin pamwambapa kwambiri amakhudza m'mimba ndipo amatha kusokoneza kuchuluka kwa mchere wamadzi m'thupi la mwana. Mankhwalawa amakhumudwitsanso crystalluria, yomwe imakhudza ntchito ya impso. Ndi bongo mu ana aimpso kulephera, kupweteka ndi kotheka.

Kuchita ndi mankhwala ena

Ngati mumapereka mapiritsi limodzi ndi mankhwala ofewetsa thukuta kapena maantacid okhala, izi zitha kuvuta mayamwidwe a Augmentin.
Mankhwala osavomerezeka kuti aphatikizidwe ndi bacteriostatic mankhwala, mwachitsanzo, ndi mankhwala a tetracycline kapena macrolides. Amakhala ndi zotsutsana.
Mankhwalawa sagwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi methotrexate (poizoni wake amawonjezeka) kapena allopurinol (chiopsezo cha ziwengo zamkhungu chikuwonjezeka).
Ngati mupereka limodzi ndi ma anticoagulants a antibayotiki, mankhwala awo amawonjezereka.

Zosunga

Sungani kunyumba mawonekedwe okhazikika a Augmentin olangizidwa pa kutentha kosaposa + 250C. Posunga mankhwalawo, malo owuma ndi oyenera kwambiri momwe mankhwalawa sangatenge mwana wochepa. Alumali moyo wa mapiritsi 500mg + 125mg ndi zaka zitatu, ndipo mankhwala omwe ali ndi mitundu yina ndi zaka 2.

Nthawi zambiri, makolo amayesetsa kugwiritsa ntchito ana a Augmentin, poganiza kuti mankhwalawa amachita mwachangu mokwanira ndipo amalimbana kwambiri ndi matenda oyambitsidwa ndi bakiteriya. Poyerekeza ndemanga, zoyipa sizimawonekera mukamamwa. Pakati pawo, kusachita bwino kwa chakudya chamagaya kumadziwika kwambiri.

M'malo mwa mawonekedwe a Augmentin, othandizira ena omwe ali ndi zinthu zomwe angathe kugwiritsidwa ntchito angagwiritsidwe ntchito, mwachitsanzo:

Pafupifupi mitundu yonseyi yamankhwala imaperekedwa mu mawonekedwe apiritsi, koma ena amapezekanso poyimitsidwa. Kuphatikiza apo, mankhwala ena a penicillin antiotic kapena cephalosporin (Suprax, Amosin, Pantsef, Ecobol, Hikontsil) atha kukhala m'malo a Augmentin. Komabe, analogue yotereyi iyenera kusankhidwa limodzi ndi adotolo, komanso pambuyo pakupenda kuzindikira kwa pathogen.

Augmentin - analogues

Msika wogulitsa mankhwala uli ndi mitundu ingapo ya Augmentin, yomwe ilinso ndi amoxicillin ndi clavulanic acid monga zigawo zogwira ntchito. Mankhwalawa ndi mafotokozedwe omwe amatchedwa analogues a yogwira ntchito.

Mankhwala otsatirawa amatchulidwa kwa ma analogees a Augmentin monga zosakaniza zolimba:

Amovikomb ufa yankho la jakisoni,
Amoxivan ufa yankho la jakisoni,
Mapiritsi a Amoxiclav ndi ma ufa opangira jakisoni ndi kuyimitsidwa pakamwa,
Mapiritsi a Amoxiclav Quiktab,
Amoxicillin + Clavulanic acid powder yankho la jakisoni,
Mapiritsi a Arlet,
Mapiritsi a Baktoclave,
Verklav ufa yankho la jakisoni,
Clamosar ufa yankho la jakisoni,
Lyclav ufa yankho la jakisoni,
Ma mapiritsi a Medoclave ndi ma ufa a kukonzekera kuyimitsidwa kwa kayendedwe kamkamwa ndi yankho la jakisoni,
Panclave mapiritsi,
Mapiritsi a Panclav 2X ndi ufa woyimitsidwa pakamwa,
Chotsani mapiritsi,
Mapiritsi a Rapiclav
Fibell ufa yankho la jakisoni,
Mapiritsi a Flemoklav Solutab,
Foraclav ufa yankho la jakisoni,
Mapiritsi a ecoclave ndi ufa wowonjezera pakamwa.

Ndemanga za Augmentin

Pafupifupi 80 - 85% ya ndemanga za Augmentin ndi zabwino, zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha luso la mankhwalawa pochiza matenda mwa anthu. Pafupifupi ndemanga zonse, anthu amawonetsa kugwiritsidwa ntchito bwino kwa mankhwalawa, chifukwa chake pamakhala chithandizo chamatenda opatsirana. Komabe, pamodzi ndi mawu akuti Augmentin amagwira ntchito bwino, anthu amawonetsa kukhalapo kwa zoyipa zomwe sizinali zosasangalatsa kapena zolekerera bwino. Kunali kupezeka kwa zoyambitsa zomwe zinali zoyambira 15 - 20% ya ndemanga zoyipa zomwe zatsala ngakhale kuti mankhwalawo anali ogwira ntchito.