Matenda a Endocrinology

Matenda a shuga ndi matenda amtundu wa endocrinological omwe amayamba chifukwa chovuta kwambiri kwa kapamba. Zotsatira zake, m'thupi la wodwalayo muli kuchotseka kwathunthu kapena pang'ono kwina kotulutsa ma insulin, komwe ndi kofunikira pakulowetsa shuga.

Kuphwanya kotero kwa kagayidwe kazakudya kumabweretsa kukula kwakukulu kwa shuga wamagazi, komwe kumakhudza machitidwe onse ndi ziwalo zamkati mwa munthu, ndikupangitsa kukulitsa zovuta zovuta.

Ngakhale kuti endocrinology imakhudzana ndi vuto la insulin yotupa, matenda a shuga ndi matenda omwe amayambitsa kuvulaza thupi lonse. Chifukwa chake, zotsatira za matenda a shuga ndizofanana ndipo zimatha kudzetsa matenda a mtima, stroke, chifuwa, kusawona, kudula miyendo ndi kusabereka.

Kuti mudziwe zambiri zofunikira zokhudzana ndi matendawa, muyenera kuphunzira mosamala momwe endocrinology imayang'ana matenda ashuga komanso njira zamakono zothana ndi mankhwalawa. Izi zimatha kukhala ndi chidwi chachikulu osati kwa odwala matenda ashuga okha, komanso kwa abale awo omwe akufuna kuthandiza abale awo kuthana ndi matendawa.

Mawonekedwe

Malinga ndi endocrinologists, pakati pa matenda oyambitsidwa ndi vuto la metabolic, matenda ashuga ndiwachiwiri kwambiri, wachiwiri wokha kunenepa kwambiri m'chinenerochi. Malinga ndi kafukufuku waposachedwa, pakadali pano munthu m'modzi pa khumi ali ndi matenda a shuga.

Komanso, odwala ambiri satha kukayikira ngati ali ndi vuto lalikulu lozindikira matenda a shuga, chifukwa nthawi zambiri matenda a shuga amakhala nthawi yochepa. Matenda osakhazikika a shuga amabweretsa chiopsezo chachikulu kwa anthu, chifukwa samalola kuti apezeke matendawa panthawi yake ndipo nthawi zambiri amapezeka pokhapokha ngati matendawo akuwonekera kwambiri.

Kuopsa kwa matenda osokoneza bongo a shuga kumagonanso poti kumapangitsa kusokonezeka kwakukulu kwa metabolic, kukhala ndi vuto pa chakudya, mapuloteni komanso metabolism yamafuta. Izi ndichifukwa choti insulini yopangidwa ndi ma pancreatic β imakhudzidwa osati kungoyamwa shuga, komanso mafuta komanso mapuloteni.

Koma kuvulaza kwakukulu mthupi la munthu kumayambitsidwa ndendende ndi kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, komwe kumawononga makhoma a capillaries ndi minyewa yamitsempha, ndikuwonetsa kukula kwa njira yotupa kwambiri m'magulu ambiri amkati mwa munthu.

Gulu

Malinga ndi endocrinology yamakono, shuga imatha kukhala yoona komanso yachiwiri. Matenda a shuga a sekondale (ofunikira) amakula ngati matenda ena opatsirana, monga pancreatitis ndi chotupa cham'mimba, komanso kuwonongeka kwa chithokomiro cha adrenal gland, gland ndi gland ya chithokomiro.

Matenda enieni a shuga amakula nthawi zonse ngati matenda odziyimira pawokha ndipo nthawi zambiri imayambitsa matenda. Mtundu wa matenda ashuga awa umatha kupezeka mwa anthu aliwonse azaka zilizonse, onse adakali ana komanso atakalamba.

Matenda enieni a shuga amaphatikizapo mitundu ingapo ya matenda omwe ali ndi zizindikiro zofananira, koma amapezeka mwa odwala pazifukwa zosiyanasiyana. Ena a iwo ndiofala kwambiri, ena, m'malo mwake, samapezeka kawirikawiri.

Mitundu ya matenda ashuga:

1. Mtundu woyamba wa shuga
2. Type 2 shuga
3. Matenda a shuga
4. Matenda a shuga
5. Matenda a shuga

Matenda a shuga a Type 1 ndi matenda omwe amapezeka nthawi zambiri kwa odwala muubwana ndi unyamata. Matenda a shuga amtunduwu samakonda kukhudza anthu azaka zopitilira 30. Chifukwa chake, nthawi zambiri amatchedwa matenda a shuga a ana. Matenda a shuga amtundu woyamba ali pa malo achiwonetsero kawiri, pafupifupi 8% ya matenda onse a shuga amapezeka molondola matendawa amadalira insulin.

Matenda a shuga amtundu 1 amadziwika ndi kutaya kwathunthu kwa insulin, motero dzina lake lachiwiri ndi matenda a shuga. Izi zikutanthauza kuti wodwala yemwe ali ndi mtunduwu wa matenda ashuga adzafunika kubaya insulin tsiku lililonse moyo wake wonse.

Matenda a 2 a matenda a shuga ndi matenda omwe nthawi zambiri amapezeka mwa anthu achikulire komanso okalamba, samapezeka kwambiri mwa odwala osakwanitsa zaka 40. Matenda a shuga a 2 ndiwo mtundu wofala kwambiri wa matendawa, amakhudza oposa 90% mwa odwala onse omwe amapezeka ndi matenda ashuga.

Mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga, wodwalayo amakulitsa minyewa, ndipo kuchuluka kwa timadzi tambiri m'thupi kumakhalabe kwabwinobwino kapenanso kukweza. Chifukwa chake, mtundu uwu wa shuga umatchedwa insulin-Independent.

Matenda a shuga oopsa a m'mimba ndi matenda omwe amapezeka mwa azimayi omwe ali ndi pakati pa miyezi 6 mpaka 7 yaubala. Matenda a shuga amtunduwu nthawi zambiri amapezeka mwa amayi oyembekezera omwe ali onenepa kwambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, azimayi omwe amakhala ndi pakati patatha zaka 30 amatha kutenga chiwopsezo cha matenda ashuga.

Matenda a shuga amtunduwu amakula chifukwa cha kusokonekera kwamphamvu kwamaselo amkati kwa insulin ndi mahomoni opangidwa ndi placenta. Pambuyo pa kubala, mkazi nthawi zambiri amachiritsidwa kwathunthu, koma kawirikawiri, matendawa amakhala mtundu wa 2 shuga.

Matenda a Steroid ndi matenda omwe amayamba mwa anthu omwe akhala akumwa glucocorticosteroids kwa nthawi yayitali. Mankhwalawa amathandizira kuwonjezeka kwa shuga wamagazi, omwe m'kupita kwa nthawi amatsogolera pakupanga shuga.

Gulu lowopsa lachitukuko cha matenda a shuga a steroid limaphatikizapo odwala omwe ali ndi mphumu ya bronchial, nyamakazi, arthrosis, chifuwa chachikulu, kulephera kwa adrenal, chibayo, matenda a Crohn ndi ena. Mukamaliza kumwa glucocorticosteroids, matenda a shuga amadzimiratu.

Matenda a shuga - Amadziwonekera mwa mwana kuyambira tsiku lobadwa loyamba. Nthawi zambiri, ana omwe ali ndi vuto lobadwa nalo la matendawa amabadwa kwa amayi omwe ali ndi matenda amtundu wa 2 komanso matenda a shuga. Komanso, zomwe zimayambitsa matenda obadwa nawo a shuga zimatha kukhala matenda opatsirana kudzera mwa mayi panthawi yoyembekezera kapena kumwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo.

Zomwe zimayambitsa matenda obadwa nawo a shuga amathanso kukhala opindika, kuphatikizapo kubadwa msanga. Matenda a shuga obadwa nawo amakhala osachiritsika ndipo amadziwika chifukwa chosowa insulin.

Chithandizo chake chimakhala ndi jakisoni wa insulin tsiku lililonse kuyambira masiku oyamba amoyo.

Matenda a shuga a Type 1 nthawi zambiri amapezeka mwa anthu osakwanitsa zaka 30. Ndizachilendo kwambiri kuti milandu ya matendawa imalembedwa mwa odwala pafupifupi zaka 40. Matenda a shuga a ana, omwe nthawi zambiri amapezeka mwa ana a zaka zapakati pa 10 ndi 14, amafunika kutchulidwa mwapadera.

Chifukwa chachikulu chomwe chimapangidwira matenda a shuga 1 ndi kusagwira bwino ntchito kwa chitetezo cha m'thupi, momwe maselo akupha amasokoneza minofu ya kapamba kawo, kuwononga maselo a "β" omwe amapanga insulin. Izi zimabweretsa kuchepa kwathunthu kwa katulutsidwe ka insulin ya mahomoni m'thupi.

Nthawi zambiri vuto lotere mu chitetezo chathupi limayamba kukhala ngati vuto la virus. Chiwopsezo cha kukhala ndi matenda amtundu woyamba chimachulukitsidwa kwambiri ndi matenda a virus monga rubella, chikuku, mumps, chikuku komanso hepatitis B.

Kuphatikiza apo, kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa mankhwala ena owopsa, komanso kupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda komanso poizoni wa nitrate, kungakhudze mapangidwe a shuga. Ndikofunikira kumvetsetsa kuti kufa kwa chiwerengero chochepa cha maselo otulutsa insulin sikungayambitse matenda a shuga. Kwa kuyambika kwa matenda amtunduwu mwa anthu, pafupifupi 80% ya of-maselo ayenera kufa.

Odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga 1, matenda ena a autoimmune nthawi zambiri amawonedwa, monga thyrotooticosis kapena kuperekera poyizoni. Kuphatikiza kwamatenda kumeneku kumakhudza thanzi la wodwalayo, kumakulitsa nthawi ya matenda ashuga.

Matenda a shuga a Type 2 nthawi zambiri amakhudza anthu okhwima komanso okalamba omwe awoloka mawonedwe wazaka 40. Koma lero, ma endocrinologists amawona kukonzanso mwachangu kwa matendawa pomwe amapezeka mwa anthu omwe sanachite chikondwerero chawo cha 30.

Choyambitsa chachikulu cha matenda a shuga a 2 ndi onenepa kwambiri, motero anthu omwe ali onenepa kwambiri ndi omwe ali pachiwopsezo cha matendawa. Adipose minofu, yophimba ziwalo zonse zamkati ndi minyewa ya wodwalayo, imapanga cholepheretsa insulin, yomwe imapangitsa kuti insulin ikane.

Mu matenda a shuga a fomu yachiwiri, mulingo wa insulin nthawi zambiri umakhalabe pamlingo wazizolowezi kapena umapitilira. Komabe, chifukwa cha kusakhazikika kwa maselo ku timadzi timeneti, ma carbohydrate samatengedwa ndi thupi la wodwalayo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti shuga azikhala ndi magazi ambiri.

Zoyambitsa matenda a shuga a 2:

• Khalidweli. Anthu omwe makolo awo kapena achibale awo ena akudwala matenda a shuga amatha kwambiri kudwala,
• Kulemera kwambiri. Mwa anthu onenepa kwambiri, minyewa yam'm cell nthawi zambiri imatha kusiya insulin, zomwe zimasokoneza kuyamwa kwa shuga. Izi ndizowona makamaka kwa anthu omwe amatchedwa kunenepa kwam'mimba, momwe mumapezeka mafuta m'mimba,
• Zakudya zopanda pake. Kudya mafuta ochulukirapo, chakudya chamafuta ndi zakudya zama calorie ambiri kumatha ntchito zomwe zimapezeka m'mapapo ndipo zimawonjezera mwayi wokhala ndi insulin,
• Matenda a mtima. Matenda a mtima, matenda a mtima, komanso kuthamanga kwa magazi kumapangitsa kuti minofu isamve bwino,
• Zovuta za pafupipafupi. Muzochitika zovutitsa, kuchuluka kwambiri kwamahomoni a corticosteroid (adrenaline, norepinephrine ndi cortisol) amapangidwa m'thupi la munthu, omwe amalimbikitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga wamagazi ndipo, ndi zokumana nazo pafupipafupi, zimatha kudzutsa matenda a shuga.
• Kumwa mankhwala a mahomoni (glucocorticosteroids). Amakhala ndi zotsutsana ndi kapamba ndikuwonjezera shuga.

Popanga insulin yokwanira kapena kutayika kwa minofu kumvekedwe kwa timadzi timeneti, glucose amasiya kulowa m'maselo ndipo amapitilirabe kuzungulira magazi. Izi zimakakamiza thupi la munthu kuyang'ana njira zina zowonjezera glucose, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti glycosaminoglycans, sorbitol ndi hemoglobin a glycated ikhalemo.

Izi zimadzetsa chiwopsezo chachikulu kwa wodwalayo, chifukwa zimatha kuyambitsa zovuta zambiri, monga kupweteka kwa khungu (kuwala kwa mandala amaso), microangiopathy (kuwonongeka kwa makoma a capillaries), neuropathy (kuwonongeka kwa minyewa ya mitsempha) ndi matenda olowa.

Kuti alipire mphamvu ya kuchepa kwa mphamvu chifukwa cha kukhudzika kwa glucose, thupi limayamba kupanga mapuloteni omwe amakhala m'matumbo am'mimba ndi mafuta osunthika.

Izi zimabweretsa kuwonda kwambiri kwa wodwala, ndipo zimatha kuyambitsa kufooka kwambiri komanso ngakhale minyewa ya m'mimba.

Kukula kwa zizindikiro mu shuga kumatengera mtundu wamatenda komanso zaka za wodwalayo. Chifukwa chake matenda amtundu wa 1 amayamba msanga ndipo amatha kubweretsa zovuta, monga kupsinjika kwamphamvu kwa hyperglycemia ndi matenda a shuga, m'miyezi ingapo.

Matenda a shuga a Type 2, m'malo mwake, amakula pang'onopang'ono ndipo sangawonekere kwa nthawi yayitali. Nthawi zambiri matenda amtunduwu amadziwika mwamwayi mukamayang'ana ziwalo zamasomphenya, kuyezetsa magazi kapena mkodzo.

Koma ngakhale pali kusiyana pakati pa kukula kwa chitukuko pakati pa mtundu 1 ndi mtundu 2 wa matenda ashuga, ali ndi zofananira ndipo akuwonetsedwa ndi zizindikiro zotsatirazi:

1. Ludzu lalikulu ndi kumva mosalekeza kwamkamwa. Wodwala matenda ashuga amatha kumwa mpaka malita 8 amadzimadzi tsiku lililonse,
2. Polyuria Anthu odwala matenda ashuga amavutika kukoka pafupipafupi, mpaka kukomoka usiku. Polyuria mu shuga amapezeka 100% ya milandu,
3. Polyphagy. Wodwalayo nthawi zonse amakhala ndi njala, akumva kulakalaka kwapadera kwa zakudya zotsekemera ndi zopatsa mphamvu,
4. Khungu lowuma ndi ma mucous membrane, omwe angayambitse kuyabwa kwambiri (makamaka m'chiuno ndi m'matumbo) komanso mawonekedwe a dermatitis,
5. Kutopa, kufooka kosalekeza,
6. Kusasangalala, kusokonekera, kugona,
7. Mwendo kukokana, makamaka minofu ya ng'ombe,
8. Mawonedwe otsika.

Mtundu woyamba wa matenda ashuga, wodwala amakhala ndi zizindikiritso monga ludzu lalikulu, kufinya kwamkodzo, kumva kupweteka mseru komanso kusanza, kufooka mphamvu, njala yothina, kuchepa thupi mwadzidzidzi ngakhale ndimatenda abwino, kukhumudwa komanso kuwonjezeka.

Ana nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi ma envelopis a usiku, makamaka ngati mwana sanapite kuchimbudzi asanagone. Odwala omwe ali ndi matenda amtunduwu ali ndi chizolowezi chodumphadumpha m'magazi komanso kukula kwa hypo- ndi hyperglycemia - mikhalidwe yomwe ili pachiwopsezo cha moyo ndipo imafunika chisamaliro chamankhwala.

Odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a mtundu wachiwiri, matendawa nthawi zambiri amawonetsedwa ndi kuyabwa kwambiri pakhungu, kutsika kwamaso owoneka bwino, ludzu losatha, kufooka ndi kugona, kuwoneka kwa matenda oyamba ndi mafangasi, kuchiritsa bwino mabala, kumva kutopa, kugona kapena miyendo yokwawa.

Mtundu woyamba 1 ndi matenda ashuga 2 akadali matenda osachiritsika. Koma kutsatira mosamalitsa pazitsimikiziro zonse za dotolo ndikulipira bwino matenda ashuga, wodwala atha kukhala moyo wokhazikika, kuchita gawo lililonse la zochitika, kupanga banja ndikukhala ndi ana.

Malangizo a Endocrinologist kwa odwala matenda ashuga:

Musakhumudwe mutaphunzira kuti mwazindikira. Simuyenera kudandaula kwambiri za matendawa, chifukwa izi zimangokulitsa mkhalidwe wa wodwalayo. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti anthu opitilira theka biliyoni padziko lapansi amakhalanso ndi matenda ashuga, koma nthawi yomweyo aphunzira kukhala ndi matenda.

Pewani kuphatikiza chakudya chopatsa thanzi mosavuta kuzakudya zanu. Ndikofunikira kumvetsetsa kuti shuga imayamba chifukwa chophwanya kagayidwe kazakudya. Chifukwa chake, odwala onse omwe ali ndi vutoli ayenera kusiyiratu kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta osavuta, monga shuga ndi maswiti aliwonse, uchi, mbatata zamtundu uliwonse, ma hamburger ndi zakudya zina zachangu, zipatso zotsekemera, mikate yoyera, mafuta ophika buledi, semolina, mpunga woyera. Izi zimatha kuwonjezera shuga m'magazi.

Idyani zakudya zovuta. Zogulitsa zotere, ngakhale zili ndi mafuta ochulukirapo, sizichulukitsa shuga wamagazi, chifukwa zimatenga nthawi yayitali kuposa zopepuka zamafuta. Izi zimaphatikizapo oatmeal, chimanga, mpunga wa bulauni, msuzi wa tirigu wa durum, tirigu wathunthu ndi mkate wa chinangwa, ndi mtedza wosiyanasiyana.

Pali zambiri, koma pang'onopang'ono. Zakudya zopatsa thanzi ndizothandiza makamaka kwa matenda ashuga, chifukwa zimakupatsani mwayi wopewa kuwonjezeka kapena kuchepa kwa shuga m'magazi. Chifukwa chake, odwala matenda ashuga amalimbikitsidwa kudya osachepera 5 pa tsiku.

Nthawi zonse muziyang'anira kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Izi zichitike m'mawa mutadzuka komanso madzulo musanagone, komanso mukamaliza kudya.

Momwe mungadziwire shuga wamagazi kunyumba? Mwa izi, wodwalayo ayenera kugula glucometer, yomwe ndi yosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito kunyumba. Ndikofunika kutsindika kuti mwa achikulire athanzi, shuga wamagazi samakwera pamwamba pa 7.8 mmol / l, omwe akuyenera kukhala chitsogozo kwa odwala matenda ashuga.

Sonyezani shuga yanu kapena sankhani jenda kuti muyimikize.

Matenda a shuga

Januware 23, 1922 anali jekeseni woyamba wa insulin mwa anthu. Jakisoni adapulumutsa moyo wa mwana mu gawo lodana ndi matenda ashuga.

Matenda a shuga ndi matenda osachiritsika omwe amakhala ndi vuto lililonse mthupi la munthu. Nthawi zambiri moyo wa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga umangokhala wovuta osati chifukwa chofunikira kwambiri kuwunika shuga, magazi, kuwonongeka kwa maso, impso, mtima, komanso zovuta zina pakhungu.

Mbiri ya anthu odwala matenda ashuga amagwiritsidwa ntchito pozindikira zovuta za kagayidwe kazakudya pamaso pa zinthu zomwe zingayambitse matenda ashuga, komanso kusankha chithandizo cha odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga ndikuwonetsetsa momwe amagwirira ntchito.

Matenda a shuga amaphatikizidwa ndi zovuta zama metabolic, zimakhazikika chifukwa choperewera shuga m'thupi.

Chithandizo cha insulini ndiye chithandizo chakutsogolo cha matenda ashuga padziko lapansi. Zimatha kukonza mkhalidwe wa odwala ndikuwapatsa moyo wonse.

Mwana amadzuka usiku kuti amwe - palibe amene amamvera. Ndipo, atayamba kusanza, m'mimba mwake mumapweteka - amamuyitana dokotala.

Madokotala amakono amakhulupirira kuti akatswiri ena, makamaka, akatswiri amisala ndi akatswiri othandizira odwala matenda amisala, amatha kupereka chithandizo chofunikira kwa odwala matenda ashuga.

Momwe mungakhalire mosangalala konse mdziko lapansi pakati pa vuto lachiwopsezo la matenda ashuga 2

Odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga, matenda amtima amapanga ndipo amapita patsogolo mwachangu komanso pafupipafupi kuposa anthu omwe samadwala.

Mu Disembala 2006, Msonkhano Wapadera wa 61 wa United Nations unagamula chigamulo chakufunika kwa mayiko onse padziko lapansi kuti agwirizane polimbana ndi mliri wofalitsa matenda ashuga. Matendawa amagonjetsa dziko lonse lapansi, ndipo kupambana sikudali mbali ya mankhwala.

Malinga ndi World Health Organisation, matenda ashuga ndi amodzi mwa matenda ofala kwambiri komanso owopsa masiku ano. Chiwerengero cha milandu chikukula mosalekeza. Ndipo kufunikira kwa kupewa koyenera ndi chithandizo cha vutoli kumadzaonekeratu. Kodi mumadziwa chiyani za matenda ashuga?

Ndife okondwa kulengeza kuti zotsatira za mayesedwe a Mtima Woyesa ndi Sitagliptin (TECOS) pazotsatira zamtima zafika pamapeto ake.

Kuzindikira kwa matenda osokoneza bongo amadziwika ndi odwala ambiri ngati chiganizo: matenda osachiritsika omwe amafunikira kuwunikira nthawi zonse ndikuwopseza ndi zovuta zazikulu. Komabe, zonse sizowopsa, chifukwa nthawi zambiri kutsika kumabweretsa chisamaliro chaumoyo wanu, ndipo zovuta zimatha kupewedwa ngati malingaliro onse a adokotala azitsatira.

Matenda a shuga a matenda am'mimba ndi amodzi mwa zovuta zazikulu za matenda a shuga. Itha kukhala njira za purulent komanso necrotic, zilonda zam'mimba, zotupa za mafupa ndi mafupa

Anthu odwala matenda ashuga amayenera kuwunika thanzi lawo mosamala. Kuti akhale ndi thanzi, amafunika kuwunika kuchuluka kwa glucose awo panthawi yake komanso kuyeza kuthamanga kwa magazi.

Matenda a shuga ndi matenda omwe aliyense adamvako. Koma ndi ochepa omwe amadziwa kuchuluka kwake, ndipo ochepa okha ndi omwe ali okonzeka kupewa. Zotsatira zake, opanga ma endocrinologists ayamba kale kulankhula za “mliri wa matenda ashuga”

Kuzindikiritsa mtundu wa matenda ashuga a mtundu wa 2 sikumapatula moyo wokangalika, malinga ndi malamulo angapo ofunika, omwe amodzi ndiwo kuwunika shuga.

Mavuto a matenda ashuga a mellitus Diabetesic ketoacidosis ndi matenda ashuga

Matenda ashuga ketoacidosis ndi zovuta kagayidwe kachakudya matenda a shuga, zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha kuchepa kwathunthu kwa insulin

Kuwonetsedwa kwa matenda a shuga mellitus, kuchuluka kwa insulin kosakwanira, kuphwanya njira yoperekera insulin, kusungirako kosayenera kwa insulin, chakudya chambiri mu chakudya, kupsinjika, matenda (chimfine, tonsillitis, ndi zina), mkhalidwe pambuyo pa hypoglycemia (posthypoglycemic hyperglycemia).

Zizindikiro zoyambiraketoacidosis: ludzu lochulukirapo, kamwa yowuma, polyuria, njala, kufooka wamba,

Chithunzi chatsatanetsatane cha ketoacidosis:kufooka okula, kukana kwa mwana kudya, kununkhira kwa acetone kuchokera mkamwa. mseru, kusanza, kupweteka kwam'mimba, kupweteka mutu, kugona, khungu lowuma, blush pamasaya, zowuma zowuma zamkamwa zotupa. hyporeflexia, minofu hypotension, zotchinga zowonera, kusuntha kosasintha kwa ana aang'ono. Kuchulukitsa kwa chiwindi, kuchepa thupi (ngakhale kudya kwambiri), oliguria, kufupika,

Zizindikiro za ketoacidosis pa pH pansipa 7.2:kupuma pang'ono, kwakuya, kopanda phokoso molingana ndi mtundu wa Kussmaul, tachycardia, anuria, matenda amitsempha yamagazi (kufinya, kusayang'anira, kugona, stupor) kuchuluka.

Matenda a shuga - chikhalidwe chomwe chimalepheretsa matenda amkati kutayika kwambiri, kusamva bwino, kuwongolera, kumva komanso kugwira ntchito zamagalimoto

wodwala sangadzuke (kusazindikira),

kupezeka kwathunthu komwe kumakhudzidwa ndi kunja komanso mkati

mayendedwe osokoneza bongo amaso

mawonekedwe othandiza

zimachitika mwachangu, ngati ulusi

kuthamanga kwa magazi kugwera pansi kuti kugwe

Kuyesa magazi:leukocytosis yokhala ndi neutrophilic kumanzere, mkulu hematocrit, inapititsa patsogolo ESR

Kuyesa kwamwazi wamagazi: hyperglycemia (19.4-33.3 mmol / L), ketonemia mpaka 17 mmol / L (yabwinobwino mpaka 0,72 mmol / L), nayitrogeni wotsalira ndi urea umawonjezeka pang'ono. hyponatremia mpaka 120 mmol / l (wokhala ndi chizolowezi cha 144-145 mmol / l), potaziyamu - wabwinobwino (4.5-5.0 mmol / l) kapena Hyperkalemia ku DKA, hypokalemia pansi pa 4.0 mmol / l mu coma ndipo makamaka ndi kuyambitsidwa kwa kuchepa kwa madzi m'thupi, pH pansipa 7.3 (chizolowezi 7.34-7.45), kuchepa kwa maziko (BE) - ndi kulipidwa acidosis (ketoacidosis) (BE tloaelehileng +/- 2.3). kuphatikiza kwa pH yotsika komanso kuchepa kwa maziko mu acid decompensated acid

Urinalization:glucosuria, acetonuria, kachulukidwe kakang'ono kachilengedwe, zinthu zoumbidwa, ma cylinders

Mafunso ndi mayankho wolemba: endocrinologistabetes mellitus

Zolemba zotchuka pamutuwu: matenda a shuga a endocrinologist

Matenda a shuga amakhalanso odwala matenda oopsa, ndipo Australia ndiwonso.

Onse metabolic syndrome ndi matenda a shuga ndi mavuto omwe amakumana nawo machitidwe a dokotala mwapadera.

Mawonetsero owoneka bwino a mitundu yosavuta yovuta ya pyelonephritis ndi matenda opatsirana mwa matenda a impso mwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda osokoneza bongo a mellitus (DM), omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha matenda amkodzo thirakiti. Anthu odwala matenda ashuga ndiwotheka kwambiri kuposa odwala osalemedwa.

Opaleshoni yamatenda opaleshoni, monga kuvulala kwawoko palokha, imayendera limodzi ndi kufunika kwa insulin, komwe kumapangitsa kuti matenda ashuwere kwambiri.

Pa June 18, 2004, kutsegulidwa kwa Msonkhano Wachiwiri Wadziko Lonse Wosayansi ndi Wothandiza woperekedwa pachaka chachisanu pakupanga ma insulins aku Ukraine "Ma insulins opangidwa ndi Indar CJSC pochiza matenda ashuga komanso kupewa.

Zowonjezera zambiri, misonkhano ya sayansi yapadziko lonse lapansi ndi dziko lonse yadzipereka ku vuto la matenda ashuga. Zowonadi, pokhudzana ndi mfundo imeneyi pamabuka mafunso ena, omwe amafunsa: chifukwa chiyani matenda ashuga? Zomwe zasintha kwambiri.

Kwa zaka makumi angapo zapitazi, kuchuluka kwa anthu odwala matenda ashuga (DM) kwachulukirachulukira padziko lonse lapansi. Pofika chaka cha 2025, poyerekeza ndi 2000, malinga ndi mbiri ya WHO, kuchuluka kwa odwala matenda a shuga kukuyembekezeka kuchokera pa anthu 150 mpaka 300 miliyoni, ndiye kuti.

Kuyambira pa Ogasiti 24 mpaka 29, 2003, Msonkhano wapadziko lonse wa 18 wa World Diabetes Federation ndi European Association for the Study of Diabetes Mellitus (DM) unachitikira ku Paris, komwe kudaphatikiza anthu oposa 15,000 ochokera padziko lonse lapansi.

Matenda a shuga ndi amodzi mwa matenda ofala kwambiri padziko lapansi. Malinga ndi magwero osiyanasiyana, anthu 115-150 miliyoni ali ndi matenda ashuga padziko lonse lapansi, ndipo malinga ndi kulosera, kuchuluka kwawo kudzachulukanso patadutsa zaka 15 zilizonse ..

Nkhani pankhaniyi: matenda a shuga a endocrinologist

Asayansi apeza chizindikiro chosadziwika chomwe chimawonetsa bwino kupezeka kwa mtundu wa 2 matenda a shuga komanso / kapena matenda oopsa mwa munthu. Kuzindikira matenda, ndikokwanira kuyeza kukakamiza komwe dzanja lake limatha kupanga.

Asayansi aku America amapereka njira yosayembekezereka yopima shuga. Odwala ambiri azaka zapakati amatha kuyendera madokotala a mano kuposa akatswiri wamba, chifukwa chake madzi a gingival angagwiritsidwe ntchito pofufuza.

Mliri wa kunenepa kwambiri ku US pakati pa ana ku United States uthandizira kuwonjezeka kwa matenda ashuga a 2 mtsogolo, malinga ndi asayansi aku America

Ngati bambo ali ndi matenda a shuga a 2, nthawi yomwe amakhala ndi moyo imatha kudziwika ndi matupi ake, osati kuchuluka kwake. Malinga ndi zotsatira za kafukufuku watsopano, kuchuluka kwa kulimbitsa thupi kwa wodwala yemwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a 2 ndikofunikira kwambiri pakulimbikitsa kwa moyo kuposa kulemera kwake

Kwa zaka makumi ambiri, psoriasis imangoyesedwa ngati matenda apakhungu, koma kafukufuku waposachedwa wapeza kuti imeneyi ndi nthenda yamatenda, m'malo mwake. Psoriasis imatha kuphatikizidwa ndi zovuta zina - mwachitsanzo, matenda ashuga.

Kuwoneka kwamavuto ndi potency ndizovuta zam'maganizo kwa mwamunayo ndipo zimamupangitsa kuti afunefune chithandizo kuchokera kwa ma urologist ndi sexopathologists. Komabe, "zolakwika zambiri pabedi" ndi nthawi yocheza ndi endocrinologist.

Matenda a shuga ndi vuto lapadziko lonse lapansi, chomwe chimapangitsa izi ndizowonjezereka kwa odwala. Kutsatira malingana ndi malamulo ena operekedwa ndi matenda ndikofunikira kwa anthu mamiliyoni. Kuti muthane ndi matendawa moyenera, kuzindikira nthawi yake ndikofunikira.

Ngakhale kuti matenda ashuga ndi matenda oopsa, mutha kuphunzira kukhala nawo bwino. Koma wodwalayo amatha kukhala ndi moyo wautali pokhapokha akaphunzira kusamalira matenda ake. Izi ndi zomwe masukulu oyendetsa matenda ashuga akuchita. M'makalasi m'masukulu, madokotala ophunzitsidwa bwino amaphunzitsa odwala kudziletsa, mfundo za zakudya zabwino komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, kukonza Mlingo wa insulin kutengera kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, kulimbikitsa odwala kuti azitenga nawo mbali mankhwalawa.

Ngati vuto lakukhumudwa lakhala likuvutitsa munthu kwa milungu ingapo, ndizomveka kuganiza kuti wayamba kuvutika maganizo ndipo akuyenera kuwona dokotala wazamisala. Komabe, asayansi apeza kuti kuvutika maganizo kumawonjezera mwayi wodwala matenda a shuga.