Mankhwala ochepetsa shuga: magazi

Insulin ndi mahomoni opangidwa ndi kapamba. Imatenga nawo mbali kagayidwe kachakudya ndipo imayendetsa kagayidwe kazakudya. Kuchuluka kwa insulin kumawononga thanzi, kumabweretsa hypoglycemia komanso kukula kwa matenda a shuga. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kudziwa momwe mungachepetse kuchuluka kwa insulin.

Nkhani yowonjezera ya insulin m'magazi imadziwika ndi chakudya chosayenera, kunenepa kwambiri, kupsinjika mosalekeza, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi mopitirira muyeso. Njira yopanga mahomoni a pancreatic amatha kuyambitsa ntchito chifukwa cha kusokoneza dongosolo la endocrine, njira zotupa, komanso matenda opatsirana.

Hypoglycemia imatha kukula pang'ono kapena pang'onopang'ono komanso pang'onopang'ono. Zizindikiro zimasiyana kutengera zomwe zimayambitsa matendawo. Wodwala amakhala ndi kufooka kosatha, kutopa, kutopa msanga. Kumverera kwanjala yokhazikika kumatha kupitilira maola angapo mpaka masiku onse. Pamene kuchuluka kwa insulin m'magazi kumawoneka kupuma movutikira, palpitations, kuchuluka thukuta ngakhale pang'ono zolimbitsa thupi. Kuchokera ku dongosolo lamanjenje, nkhawa, nkhawa zopanda pake, zosakwiya zimadziwika. Mabala ndi zotupa pakhungu zimachira pang'onopang'ono, kuyabwa kumachitika. Ngati matendawa akupitiliza kwa nthawi yayitali, matenda osachiritsika amatha kuchuluka.

Ndi kuwonjezeka kowopsa kwamankhwala a insulin, kulephera kuzindikira komanso vuto la hypoglycemic ndikotheka.

Mankhwala

Chithandizo choyenera chitha kuperekedwa ndi endocrinologist. Kusankha kwamankhwala kumadalira chifukwa chokhazikitsidwa ndi kuphwanya. Mutha kuchepetsa insulin ndi mankhwala.

Chithandizo cha mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndicholinga chothetsa zomwe zimayambitsa matenda. Kuti muchepetse insulin, perekani mankhwala omwe amalepheretsa kupanga mahomoni. Nthawi zambiri amamwa mankhwala omwe amachepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi, kuthanso kudya, komanso shuga ndi mafuta m'thupi.

Nthawi zina ndikofunikira kuti muchitidwe opaleshoni. Mwachitsanzo, opaleshoni imayenera kuchotsa ma neoplasms - insulinomas. Ngati chotupa chikuyipa, chemotherapy imaperekedwa kwa wodwala.

Kuti muchepetse ndi kukhalabe ndi insulini yovomerezeka m'magazi, ndikofunikira kutsatira zakudya zapadera: chotsani zakudya zoyipa, m'malo mwa zina zathanzi. Osamadya zakudya zolimba maola 3-4 asanagone. Monga chakudya chamadzulo, mutha kumwa kefir, kuchepetsedwa ndi madzi muyezo wa 1: 1. Chikhalidwe chodyerachi ndi chothandiza kwa odwala omwe ali ndi kunenepa kwambiri. Cakudya cacikulu cimayenera kupezeka m'mawa. Muyenera kudya kangapo 5-6 patsiku m'magawo ang'onoang'ono.

Mfundo zachikhalidwe zochepetsera insulin m'magazi:

• mankhwala amtundu wa insulin wotsika komanso pakati
• menyu uyenera kuphatikizapo zipatso zambiri (maapulo, mapeyala, zipatso za mphesa, malalanje) ndi ndiwo zamasamba,
• zopangidwa mkaka zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ziyenera kukhala zamafuta ochepa kapena mafuta ochepa,
• muyenera kumwa mavitamini ndi michere ya tsiku ndi tsiku mwachilengedwe kapena zakudya zowonjezera,
• kuphatikiza chakudya chanu ndi mbewu monga chimanga, mbewu ndi mtedza,
• amakonda nsomba zopanda nkhuku ndi nkhuku, makamaka nkhuku.

Kuti muchepetse kupangika kwa mahomoni, chimanga chokhala ndi index yotsika ya glycemic ziyenera kuphatikizidwa muzakudya: buckwheat, mpunga wa bulauni, chinangwa, tirigu. Amatha kuwiritsa, kuwotcha, kuthiridwa ndi mafuta ochepa a kefir, kumera.

Mazira atsopano amatha kuphatikizidwa muzakudya. Komabe, kusamala kuyenera kuchitika: simungathe kudya mazira oposa 1-2 nthawi zambiri kawiri pa sabata.

Masamba ndi zipatso zimatha kudyedwa yaiwisi, yophika, yopatsa mphamvu.

Imwani madzi ambiri. Kuchuluka kwa madzimadzi omwe amamwa kumatengera kulemera. Ndi kulemera kwabwinobwino, tikulimbikitsidwa kumwa malilogalamu 1.5-2, ndi kulemera kwambiri - malita 2-2.5 tsiku lililonse. Kuphatikiza pa madzi oyera, msuzi wa rosehip ndi tiyi wobiriwira wopanda mafuta amaloledwa.

Zithandizo za anthu

Ndikotheka kuchepetsa insulin pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala achikhalidwe. Pokonzekera mankhwala, ndizofunikira zachilengedwe zokha zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Mothandizidwa bwino amachepetsa insulin. Thirani 100 g yaiwisi ndi kapu yamadzi. Bweretsani kwa chithupsa ndikuchotsa pamoto. Pezani msuzi kwa maola 2-3, ndiye kuti muvutike. Tengani 100 ml katatu patsiku.

Amabwezeretsa mphamvu ya thupi ndikusintha mtundu wa insulin m'magazi a msuzi. Pafupifupi 45 g (3 tbsp.) Yopanda yisiti yowuma, kuthira madzi otentha ndikusiya theka la ola. Idyani mukatha kudya.

Pofuna kukonza kagayidwe kazachilengedwe, chitani zolimbitsa thupi tsiku ndi tsiku. Kukula kwa makalasi kumasankhidwa kutengera zaka komanso momwe wodwalayo alili. Khalani mumlengalenga watsopano pafupipafupi, kumayenda, kusiya zizolowezi zoyipa.

Pofuna kupewa zovuta, ndikofunikira kuwongolera ndipo, ngati pakufunika, muchepetse insulin m'magazi. Izi zitha kuchitika mothandizidwa ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo kapena wowerengeka azitsamba. Zotsatira zokhazikika ndizotheka pokhapokha kuzindikira komanso kuwononga zomwe zimayambitsa insulin yowonjezereka ndizolondola.

Gulu la insulin

Bovine, nkhumba, ndi insulin yaumwini imabisidwa, kutengera magawo awo. Mitundu iwiri yoyambirira sigwiritsidwa ntchito masiku ano. Chachitatu, makamaka chopezeka pogwiritsa ntchito matekinoloje obadwa nawo, ndicho chisankho choyamba cha mankhwala a insulin.

Malinga ndi kutalika kwa kuchitapo, pali:

• IUD - owonjezera omwe amagwira ntchito mwachidule,
• ICD - ma insulin osakhalitsa,
• ISD - mankhwala a nthawi yayitali pochita,
• IDD - kuchitapo kanthu
• ma insulin ophatikizika (amakhala ndi insulini yamaudindo osiyanasiyana).

Mfundo zoyenera kuchita ndi insulin ndi zotsatira zake

Insulin ndi mahomoni a polypeptide. Nthawi zambiri, mu β-maselo a kapamba amene amayambira amapangika - ma proinsulin, omwe C-peptide imayikidwa ndikupanga insulin. Ndi kuwonjezeka kwa glucose wamagazi, kukwiya kwa mitsempha ya vagus, komanso mothandizidwa ndi zinthu zina zingapo, njira zomwe zimatulutsira insulini zimayambitsidwa.

Mwa kumangiriza ku cholandirira pa membrane wa selo lomwe likuyang'aniridwa, timadzi timene timayamba kugwira ntchito, ndikuwonetsa mphamvu zake:

• kutsika kwa shuga m'magazi (kumapangitsa kuti mayamwidwe azikhala ndi minofu, kumalepheretsa mapangidwe ake mkati mwa thupi kuzinthu zina),
• amachititsa kaphatikizidwe ka glycogen,
• amalepheretsa mapangidwe a matupi a ketone,
• amaletsa mapangidwe a glucose kuchokera ku mankhwala osagwiritsa ntchito chakudya,
• imayambitsa mapangidwe a lipoprotein ochepa kwambiri ndi triglycerides,
• imayambitsa kapangidwe ka mapuloteni osiyanasiyana,
• imathandizira kupanga glycogen, yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zamphamvu zathupi,
• amalepheretsa kuwonongeka kwa mafuta, imayambitsa kupanga kwa mafuta acids kuchokera ku chakudya.

Momwe insulin yakunja imachitikira mthupi

Njira yayikulu yoyendetsera insulin ndi yodutsa, koma pangozi zadzidzidzi, kuti mupeze zotsatira zabwino, mankhwalawa amatha kulowa mu minofu kapena mtsempha.

Kuchuluka kwa mayamwidwe m'thupi la malo ophatikizira subcutaneous kumadalira malo a jakisoni, mtundu ndi mlingo wa mankhwalawo, kuchuluka kwa kayendedwe ka magazi ndi ntchito ya minofu m'dera la jakisoni, komanso potsatira njira ya jakisoni.

• Ma insulin okhala ndi yocheperako pang'ono amakhala otengedwa mwachangu kwambiri ndipo ali mkati mwa mphindi 10-20 pambuyo pa kubayidwa kwa jakisoni. Amagwira kwambiri pambuyo pa mphindi 30-180 (kutengera mankhwala). Zovomerezeka kwa maola 3-5.
• Zotsatira za insulin zazifupi zimachitika mphindi 30-45 pambuyo poyang'anira. Kuchuluka kwa zochitika ndikuchokera ku 1 mpaka maola 4, kutalika kwake ndi maola 5-8.
• Kutalika kwa insulin kumatenga pang'onopang'ono kuchokera m'malo a jakisoni ndikuthandizira kuchepa kwa shuga m'magawo awiri pambuyo poti jekeseni wa subcutaneous. Kuchuluka kwa zomwe zalembedwa mkati mwa maola 4-12, kuchuluka kwa mankhwalawa ndi masiku 0.5-1.
• Insulin yokhala ndi nthawi yayitali imayamba kugwira ntchito pambuyo pa maola a 1-6 pambuyo pothandizidwa ndi subcutaneous, imachepetsa shuga chimodzimodzi - kuchuluka kwa mankhwalawa ambiri sikufotokozeredwa, kumatenga maola 24, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale jekeseni wa mankhwala kamodzi kokha patsiku.

"Khalidwe" la insulin m'thupi pambuyo makonzedwe limakhudzidwanso ndi:

• Mlingo wa mankhwalawa (ndikachulukirapo, mankhwalawa amayamba kucheperachepera ndipo amatenga nthawi yayitali),
• gawo la thupi lomwe jekeseni adapangira (m'mimba, mayamwidwe ndiwambiri, m'mapewa pang'ono, m'matumbo a ntchafu ngakhale pang'ono),
• Njira yoyendetsera (mwa jakisoni wotsekemera, mankhwalawa amamwetsedwera pang'onopang'ono kuposa momwe amapaka jekeseni minofu, koma amakhala motalikirapo),
• kutentha kwa minofu m'dera loyang'anira (ngati liwonjezereka, kuchuluka kwa mayamwidwe kumawonjezeka),
• lipomas kapena lipodystrophy ya zimakhala (pazomwe zili, werengani pansipa),
• ntchito ya kutikita minofu kapena minofu (njira zoyamwa zimathandizira).

M'mayiko ena, akatswiri amafufuza za insulin pokonzekera njira zomwe wodwala angagwiritse ntchito mosavuta. Chifukwa chake, ku US mumakhala insulini yothandizira pakhungu. Imayamba kuchita pambuyo pa mphindi 30 (zomwe zikufanana ndi IUD), nsonga ya zochitika imadziwika pambuyo pafupifupi maola awiri, nthawi yake imakhala mpaka maola 8 (omwe ali ofanana ndi ICD).

Zizindikiro zogwiritsidwa ntchito

Mankhwala a insulin angafunike kwa wodwalayo pazinthu zotsatirazi:

• adawonetsa mtundu wa shuga wotchedwa I,
• wapezeka ndi ketoacidosis ya zovuta zilizonse,
• ali ndi vuto la matenda ashuga, hyperosmolar kapena lactic acidosis,
• matenda oopsa a purulent amachitika
• ndi matenda osakhazikika a pachimake, akudwala kwambiri,
• pamaso pamavuto a shuga, makamaka zotupa zam'mimba zomwe zimalepheretsa thupi kugwira ntchito,
• ngati wodwala amamwa mankhwala a hypoglycemic pakamwa, koma mlingo wawo wokwanira, ngakhale kuphatikiza zakudya, samakhala ndi zotsatira zoyenera (kusala shuga m'magazi oposa 8 mmol / l, glycosylated hemoglobin woposa 7.5%),
• m'mavuto owopsa a cerebrovascular (str stroke),
• ndi myocardial infaration,
• pa kuchitapo kanthu pochita opaleshoni, makamaka, kapamba (kuchotsedwa kwa kapamba),
• ndi kuchepa kwambiri kwamphamvu kwa thupi la wodwalayo.

Mankhwala a insulin

Pali njira ziwiri zopangira insulin mu matenda a shuga:

1. Zachikhalidwe. Chomwe chimagona pakukhazikika kwa tsiku ndi tsiku kwamankhwala a insulini (ofanana) amodzi kwa wodwala ndi jakisoni wocheperako (nthawi zambiri 1-2). Zosakanikirana zakonzedwa zazifupi ndi zapakatikati zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, ndi 2/3 ya mlingo wa tsiku ndi tsiku womwe umaperekedwa m'mawa, ndi wotsalira asanadye chakudya chamadzulo. Izi siziwathandiza anthu akhama, popeza milingo ya mankhwalawa ndi yokhazikika ndipo wodwala alibe mwayi wowasintha. Amawonetsedwa kwa okalamba, ogona komanso odwala olumala.
2. Zoyambira kwenikweni (zolimba). Chimafanana ndi kutulutsa kwathupi kwa insulin. Zofunikira zake zimaperekedwa ndi jakisoni wam'mawa ndi madzulo a insulin ya nthawi yayitali, ndipo wodwalayo amayambitsa insulin yocheperako - asanadye. Amawerengera yekha mlingo wake womaliza, molingana ndi kuchuluka kwa shuga wamagazi ndi kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamagulu omwe azigwiritsa ntchito. Ndilo chiwembu chomwe chimalepheretsa kukula kwa zovuta za matenda ashuga ndikukulolani kuti muzitha kuthana ndi matendawa. Inde, pamafunikira maphunziro a wodwala asanachitike.

Kufunika kwa insulin tsiku ndi tsiku kumatsimikiziridwa payekha kwa wodwala kutengera gawo la matendawo ndi zina zina.

Insulin imalowetsedwa pogwiritsa ntchito zapadera - insulin - syringes kapena syringe pens. Kuti mankhwalawa akhale othandiza, wodwalayo ayenera kukhala ndi njira yodzibayira, komanso ayenera kumvetsetsa malamulo otsatirawa:

• insulini yocheperako pang'ono iyenera kuperekedwa nthawi yomweyo isanadye (ngati mphindi iyi yasowa, osachedwa kupereka jakisoni ndi chakudya),
• insulin yochepa imaperekedwa kwa theka la ola kapena ola limodzi asanadye,
• Jakisoni wa ICD amachitika mwakuya kwamatumbo am'mimba, ndipo ISD imalowetsa ntchafu kapena matako, minofu imalowetsedwa kwambiri ndi zala, singano imayikidwa pakona pa madigiri 45 kapena 90,
• Kutentha kwa yankho musanakonzere kuyenera kukhala mkati mwa kutentha kwa chipinda,
• musanagwiritse mankhwala mu syringe, muyenera kugwedeza bwino,
• popewa kukula kwa lipodystrophy, jakisoni imachitika tsiku lililonse m'malo atsopano, koma mkati mwake.

Ngati, motsutsana ndi maziko a mitundu ya insulin yodzikongoletsera, sikutheka kulipirira nthawi yamatendawa, mapampu omwe amatchedwa insulin amagwiritsidwa ntchito, omwe amapereka mosalekeza maulamuliro a insulin.

Contraindication kuti insulin mankhwala

Contraindication kwa jakisoni wa insulin ndi osakwatiwa. Uwu ndi shuga wochepetsedwa wamagazi - hypoglycemia, komanso zosakanikirana ndi kukonzekera kwina kwa insulin kapena chilichonse cha zigawo zake.

Insulin yomwe ili mkati mwake imakhala yovuta kwambiri. Kugwiritsa ntchito kwawo sikuloledwa kwa odwala omwe ali ndi mbiri ya ana, komanso matenda ena am'mapapo - bronchitis, emphysema, mphumu ya bronchial. Kuphatikiza apo, mankhwalawa amaphatikizidwa kwa odwala omwe amasuta m'miyezi isanu ndi umodzi yapitayo.

Zotsatira zoyipa za insulin

Zotsatira zoyipa kwambiri za insulin mankhwala ndi hypoglycemia. Zimachitika ngati wodwala:

• amayambitsa kuchuluka kwa mankhwalawa.
• molakwika kuvulaza insulini (mu minofu, osati mwanjira ina),
• amathamangira chakudya chotsatira kapena kuwononga,
• otsika mafuta
• kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi osakonzekera,
• amamwa mowa wambiri.

Komanso, wodwalayo amatha kudwala matenda ena, makamaka:

• kunenepa kwambiri (ndi zakudya zosayenera pamaziko a mankhwala a insulin),
• thupi lawo siligwirizana (nthawi zambiri amalembedwa poyambira kukhazikitsa insulin m'thupi - pankhaniyi, ndikofunikira kusamutsa wodwala kupita ku insulin yaumunthu, ngati ziwopsezo zimamuyambitsa, mankhwala sangathe, izi zimathetsedwa pogwiritsa ntchito antihistamines kapena glucocorticosteroids),
• kutupa kwa miyendo yomwe imawoneka yokha kapena kutha yokha (ingachitike m'milungu yoyamba ya mankhwala a insulin chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa thupi lama sodium ion),
• kuwonongeka kwa mawonekedwe (khazikikani mwa odwala ambiri atangoyamba chithandizo cha insulin, chifukwa chake ndikusintha kwa kusintha kwa mandala, kupenya kwamtunduwu kumachitika popanda chithandizo mkati mwa masabata 2-3),
• lipodystrophy (atrophy kapena hypertrophy ya subcutaneous adipose minofu, choyambirira cha matenda sichimapezeka masiku ano, chachiwiri chimayamba chifukwa cha jekeseni wa insulin tsiku lililonse pamalo omwewo, izi sizongokhala zodzikongoletsera zokha, zimakhudzanso kuchuluka kwa mankhwalawa (amachepetsa kuchepa kwa mankhwala) ),
• abscesses (sizichitika kawirikawiri, pamene michere ya pyogenic ilowa pansi pakhungu, khungu lomwe limapezeka m'thupi la mankhwalawo liyenera kukhala loyera, koma chithandizo ndi mankhwala opha majeremusi sichifunika.

Ma insulin okhala ndi inshuwaransi amatha kuyambitsa michere ya minyewa ya m'mapapo ndikuwonjezera kuthinikizidwa m'matumbo awo, kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwamapapu, komanso kuyankha kwa chitetezo chathupi kwa insulin (mapangidwe a antibodies kwa iwo).

Kuchita kwa insulin ndi mankhwala ena

Zotsatira za mankhwalawa zidzafotokozedwanso pakamodzi kogwiritsa ntchito matendawa ndi ma hypoglycemic, ma antihypertensive mankhwala a gulu la beta-blockers, Mowa.

Kuchepetsa mphamvu ya insulini, kuonjezera mwayi wa kuchuluka kwa ma protein a hyperglycemia glucocorticosteroid.

Ma insulin omwe amapanga nthawi yayitali amakhala ndi:

• glulisin (Apidra),
• Aspart (mayina amalonda - NovoRapid Penfill kapena Flexpen),
• lispro (Humalog).

Ma insulin achidule:

• soluble human genetic engineering (Biosulin, Gensulin, Insuman, Actrapid NM, Insuran, Humodar),
• sungunuka wa semisynthetic wa anthu (Brinsulrapi, Humodar P 100, Berlsulin N wabwinobwino U-40 ndi ena).

Insuluta Yapakatikati

• isofan (Berlsulin N H Basal U-40, Isofan-Insulin World Cup, Humodar B 100),
• kuyimitsidwa kwa zinc-insulin (Monotard MS, Insulong SPP, Insulin Tape "XO-S").

Ma insulin omwe amakhala nthawi yayitali amaphatikizapo:

• Glargine (Lantus, Tugeo SoloStar),
• degludec (Tresiba Penfill, Tresiba FlexTouch),
• chinyengo (Levemir Penfill kapena Flexpen).

• insulin aspart biphasic (NovoMix 30 kapena 50 Flexpen kapena penfill),
• Lyspro insulin biphasic (Humalog Remix 25 kapena 50).

Dokotala uti kuti mulumikizane

Dokotala wa endocrinologist amapereka mankhwala a insulin ndipo amawunika momwe amathandizira. Pankhani yodalirika ya matendawa, shuga wabwinobwino wamwazi, komanso kusapezeka kwa zovuta, wodwalayo amatha kuthandizidwa ndi akatswiri othandizira odwala. Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga komanso abale awo amalimbikitsidwa kwambiri kuti apite ku Sukulu ya Matenda A shuga, kalasi yopangidwa ndi madokotala ophunzitsidwa bwino. Pamenepo mutha kufunsa mafunso aliwonse okhudza matendawa ndikuphunzira momwe mungawathandizire. Chofunika kwambiri ndi maphunziro a makolo a mwana yemwe wapezeka ndi matenda a shuga.

Pomaliza

Chimodzi mwamagulu ofunikira kwambiri a mankhwala omwe amasintha moyo wa munthu yemwe akudwala matenda a shuga ndi insulin. Amatsitsa shuga m'magazi pomwe mapiritsi satha kuthana ndi mankhwala ochepetsa shuga. Mankhwala a insulin ndi sayansi yonse, ndipo munthu aliyense wodwala matenda ashuga ayenera kuidziwa bwino. Inde, pali "mabowo" - zovuta, koma mwayi wakukula kwawo ungachepetsedwa kwambiri pakuwona malamulo ena.

Masiku ano, nthawi zambiri, insulin imayendetsedwa pansi pa khungu la wodwalayo. Pali njira yatsopano yoyendetsera mankhwalawa - kupuma, koma idali pakadali kafukufuku ndipo sipanagwiritsidwe ntchito kulikonse padziko lapansi.

Muyenera kuti mwaphunzira zambiri zokhudzana ndi ma insulini munkhaniyi, ndipo lotsatira tikambirana za gulu lachiwiri la mankhwala omwe amachepetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi - othandizira pakamwa.

Mndandanda wa mankhwala osokoneza bongo

Gulu la mankhwalawa lagawidwa m'magulu awiri. Glitazones ali m'gulu loyambirira, ndipo lalikuluuanide ali m'gulu lachiwiri.

Glitazones ndi mankhwala atsopano omwe cholinga chake ndi kuchepetsa shuga m'magazi pochepetsa kukana kwa insulin.

Kupanga mankhwala m'gululi kunayamba zaka makumi awiri zapitazo, ndipo mpaka pano, madokotala ali ndi chidziwitso chokwanira pakugwiritsa ntchito gululi, lomwe limatsimikizira zotsatira zawo zabwino, makamaka pa chithandizo cha matenda ashuga a mtundu 2.

Chifukwa chakuti kukana kwa insulin kumachepetsa, ndipo kuyamwa kwa glucose ndi minofu kumatheka, glycemia imachepetsedwa. Mankhwala odziwika kwambiri m'gululi ndi Rosiglitazone, Diaglitazone, Pioglitazone, Actos ndi Pioglar.

Gulu la Biguanide linapangidwa ndi madokotala zaka zoposa zana zapitazo - iyi ndi imodzi mwama mankhwala oyamba omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda ashuga.

Atangogwiritsa ntchito biguanides, nthumwi zina za gululi zidaletsedwa kuchiza matenda ashuga chifukwa cha kuwopsa kwa zomwe zimachitika pachiwindi.

Mu theka lachiwiri la zaka za zana la 20, makampani opanga zamankhwala adayambitsa mankhwala apamwamba kwambiri kuchokera ku gulu la Biguanide - Fenformin, Buformin ndi Metformin, omwe adalimbikitsidwa kuti akhale ndi matenda ashuga a 2.

Komabe, zomwe zidachitika ndi mankhwalawa sizidaphule kanthu, popeza awiri mwa atatu mwa mankhwalawa adapezeka kuti ali ovulaza thupi la munthu. Mpaka pano, gulu la Biguanide limayimiridwa ndi mankhwala omwe amapangidwa pamaziko a metformin - awa ndi Glucofage, Siofor, Glformin ndi Dianormet.

Mankhwala othandizira a insulin

Gulu la mankhwalawa limaphatikizapo gulu laling'ono la meglitinides ndi gulu laling'ono la sulfonylureas.

Ngakhale kuti mankhwalawa amatulutsa zofunika, madokotala amakonda kuganizira mndandanda wa meglitinides ndi sulfanilurea omaliza, popeza magulu awa a mankhwalawa amathetsa kapamba ndipo, pogwiritsa ntchito nthawi yayitali, amatha kupangitsa mtundu wa matenda ashuga 1.

Meglitinides imakhala yochepa kwakanthawi, koma phindu la mankhwalawa ndikuti amawongolera kuchuluka kwa shuga mutatha kudya, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti odwala matenda ashuga sangatsatire zakudya zowonjezera. Mankhwala tikulimbikitsidwa kuti amwe asanadye, omwe amakonzekeretsa thupi kuti amupangire chakudya ndipo amamuyankha mokwanira shuga.

Kuphatikizanso kwina kwa meglitinides ndikuti amachepetsa kwambiri shuga. Mwachitsanzo, mankhwala omwe amamwa pamimba yopanda kanthu amatha kutsika shuga ndi magawo anayi, ndipo atatha kudya, ndi magawo asanu ndi limodzi. Ngakhale kukonzekera kwa nthawi yayitali kwa meglitinide kukonzekera sikuyambitsa kulemera kwa odwala, ndipo mankhwalawa sayenera kusinthidwa kutengera nthawi yomwe mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Nthawi zambiri, meglitinides amaperekedwa kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a 2 omwe sanapatsidwe zakudya zoyenera komanso zolimbitsa thupi. Mu matenda a shuga a mtundu woyamba, mankhwalawa sagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Komanso, sikuti amaperekedwa kwa amayi apakati ndi amayi omwe ali ndi pakati pa mkaka wa m'mawere, omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga a ketoacidosis, ali ndi chidwi chokhudzana ndi zigawo za mankhwala. Kukonzekera kotchuka kwambiri kwa meglitinide ndi Repaglinide, Novonorm, Nateglinide ndi Starlix.

Zomwe zimachokera ku sulfonylureas zimathandizanso meglitinides, koma zimakhala zowawa kwambiri. Atha kukhetsa maselo a kancreatic beta malinga ngati angathe kupanga insulini.

Kuchulukitsa kwakukulu kwa mankhwalawa ndi kuwonjezeka kwa njala komanso kulemera kwa odwala; madotolo amazindikiranso kulumikizana kwa kumwa mankhwalawa chifukwa cha kupezeka kwa matenda osokoneza bongo. Mankhwala a gululi akuphatikizapo Maninil, Diabetes, Glyurenorm, Amanil.

M'badwo waposachedwa wa mankhwala

Gulu la mankhwalawa limaphatikizapo dipeptyl peptidase inhibitors ndi glucagon ngati peptide receptor agonists.

Cholinga chachikulu cha mankhwalawa ndikuchepetsa shuga m'magazi a matenda ashuga amtundu wachiwiri, koma mapiritsi a shuga awa alibe mphamvu ngati awa am'mbuyomu, mwachitsanzo Metformin.

Mpaka pano, gulu loyambirira la mankhwala - zoletsa - limagwiritsidwa ntchito kupititsa patsogolo ntchito za Pioglitazone ndi Metformin, ngati mankhwalawa alibe phindu lokwanira. Wogwiritsa ntchito endocrinologist angalimbikitse mankhwala monga Trazhenta, Galvus, Yanuviya ndi Onglisa.

Gulu la agonists limaphatikizapo mankhwala a Bayeta ndi Victoza. Mankhwalawa samangochepetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga, komanso amawongoletsa chilakolako cha odwala. Amalimbikitsidwanso kuchepa thupi kwa odwala matenda ashuga, makamaka kupambana kwa mankhwala a Viktoza pankhaniyi.

Gulu la mankhwalawa silikupezeka mu mawonekedwe a mapiritsi, koma mu mawonekedwe a ma syringe machubu omwe amafunika kulowetsedwa ngati insulin. Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala pafupipafupi kumathandizira kulakalaka kudya komanso kupulumutsa odwala kuti asamadye kwambiri, komanso kumachepetsa kudalira chakudya.

Mothandizidwa ndi Viktoza ndi Baeta, odwala samva ludzu, ndipo kukomoka mukatha kudya kumabwera mwachangu.

Kuvomereza kwa mankhwala a shuga kuyenera kuyang'aniridwa mwamphamvu ndi endocrinologist, ndipo mankhwalawo payokha ayenera kuikidwa ndi dokotala okha.

Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri pokhudzana ndi mankhwala omwe amalimbikitsa kupanga insulin.

Mankhwala aliwonse kuchokera pagululi angayambitse kuwonongeka kwa thanzi la wodwalayo komanso zotsatira zosasinthika, chifukwa chake, pankhaniyi, dokotala wotsogolera ayenera kutenga nawo mbali popereka mankhwalawo.

Momwe mungachepetse insulin?

Insulin imapereka shuga ndi ma amino acid m'thupi la munthu. Ichi ndichifukwa chake kusokonezeka pakupanga kwake kumakhudza boma. Mutha kutsitsa insulini m'magazi kapena kuonjezera mwa njira zosiyanasiyana (mankhwala achikhalidwe, mankhwala osokoneza bongo kapena zinthu). Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kudziwa zifukwa zazikulu zowonjezera ndi zomwe zimakhudza kapangidwe kazinthu izi.

Zifukwa zakukula

Pancreatic timadzi amalimbitsa kagayidwe kazakudya. Kuchuluka kwake m'malo ovuta kumabweretsa hyperglycemia, chotupa cha inshurensi (insulinoma), kapena kufinya.

Makamaka owopsa ndikuphwanya kubisika kwa chinthu mu shuga, anthu omwe ali ndi vutoli ayenera kusamala kwambiri ndi moyo wawo. Insulin yokwera m'magazi imayamba chifukwa chotsatira:

• Zakudya zosavomerezeka.
• Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi mopitirira malire. Pogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zochuluka, thupi limatulutsa adrenaline, yomwe imakhudza insulin ndikuwonjezera kukakamiza.
• Moyo wopanda ntchito. Kulephera kuchita zolimbitsa thupi kumakwiyitsa kudziunjikira kwamafuta ndipo kumakhudza dongosolo lamtima.
• Kunenepa kwambiri Kuzindikira kumayambitsa kulephera kwa impso ndipo kumayipa kagayidwe.
• Nthawi yachikondwerero. Thupi la mkazi nthawi yomwe ali ndi pakati limatulutsa insulini yambiri, koma nthawi imeneyi zimakhala ngati zabwinobwino.
• Zotsatira zoyipa za mankhwala a mahomoni zimakhudza shuga wamagazi.
• Confectionery yomwe ili ndi shuga. Amachepetsa kagayidwe kazakudya.
• Kulephera kwa chiwindi.
• Chotupa chofiyira cha insulinoma chimatulutsa mahomoni.
• Vitamini E akusowa komanso kuperewera kwa pituitary.

Kodi zikuwonetsedwa bwanji?

Njala yokhazikika imayenera kumachenjeza munthu.

Kusintha kwachilengedwe kwakuthupi kuchokera kunja kumatha kuwonekera ndi zizindikiro zazing'ono.

Madokotala amalimbikitsa kuyang'anitsitsa thanzi lawo ndikuwunika mayendedwe onse amthupi. Ndizosatheka kudziimira pawokha kuchuluka kwa chinthucho m'magazi.

Komabe, zizindikiro zina zimatha kuwonetsa kuperewera kapena kuchepa. Mawonetsero akulu:

• Njala, nthawi zambiri sichitha ngakhale mutatha kudya. Chizindikiro ichi chimakhudzidwa ndi kusowa kwa glucose mu ubongo.
• Kutopa ndi kufooka kwakuthupi.
• Thukuta kwambiri.
• Kuukira kwa kungodzipereka kwa minofu kumadera akumapeto.
• Zowawa, zopweteka pakhungu.
• Kuchuluka kwa sebum.
• Khungu ndi kusinthika khungu.
• Zotsatira zoyipa zimayamba chifukwa cha mankhwala.

Payokha, zizindikiro zimatha kuwonetsa zovuta zina. Kuti mudziwe kuchuluka kwa insulini kwenikweni, muyenera kuyezetsa magazi a labotale kapena kuyezetsa mayeso okhudzana ndi shuga (GTT).

Musanagwiritse ntchito njira zoikiramo mankhwala, muyenera kuphunzira mosamalitsa zithandizo zamankhwala. Musamale ngati mumadya maswiti ambiri musanawunike - zotsatira zake zidzapotozedwa.

Ichi ndichifukwa chake ndikofunikira kutsatira zofuna za njirayi.

Mankhwala osokoneza bongo

Siofor imathandizira thupi kuwongolera kuchuluka kwa mahomoni m'magazi.

Mutha kutsitsa magazi m'magazi pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala. Mankhwala amabwera m'njira zambiri: mapiritsi, ma tinctures, decoctions, kapena intramuscular solution.

Komabe, osakambirana ndi dokotala kapena mankhwala omwe mungamwe dokotala wa endocrinologist, simuyenera kugula mapiritsi kapena mankhwala ena kuti muchepetse insulin. Mwachitsanzo, mankhwalawa "Glucobay" amatha kuyang'anira kuchuluka kwa chinthu m'magazi ngakhale atatha kudya.

Njira zina zochepetsera insulin zimaphatikizapo Siofor, Dibikor, yisiti yofulula moŵa. Koma muyenera kusamala - mapiritsi ena amatha kuyambitsa hypoglycemia, ndipo pamavuto akulu, mankhwala osokoneza bongo amakwiya.

Ngati mulingo m'magazi upitilira pang'ono, ungakhazikike mothandizidwa ndi zakudya zoyenera kapena masewera olimbitsa aerobic.

Zakudya

Kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa insulin m'magazi kungakhale kosavuta komanso mothandizidwa ndi zakudya zanu. Choyamba, posankha chakudya, muyenera kulabadira index yawo ya glycemic. Mwanjira imeneyi, nsomba zam'madzi zimakhudza kupanga insulin, zimakhala ndi mapuloteni ambiri komanso zakudya zochepa za chakudya cham'madzi.

Zakudya zotsatirazi zomwe zimatha kusanja mahomoni okwezeka ndi awa: tomato, biringanya, tsabola wa belu, katsitsumzukwa ndi masamba ena atsopano. Ndikofunikira kuti amadyera ali ndi insulin mmalo (inulin).

Kuphatikiza apo, akatswiri azakudya amalimbikitsa kusiya ng'ombe, ayisikilimu, yogati, mkaka ndi zakudya zina zomwe zimakhala ndi shuga wambiri. Kuti muchepetse vutoli, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito zakudya, ziyenera kusankhidwa pokhapokha mutakambirana ndi akatswiri.

Kuti muchotse insulin yochulukirapo, maziko a chakudyacho ayenera kukhala ndi zakudya zogaya zomwe zili ndi index yotsika ya glycemic.

Zithandizo za anthu

Masamba a Dandelion amathandiza kuthana ndi insulin yayikulu m'magazi.

Ndikothekanso kuchepetsa msanga kuchuluka kwa insulini m'magazi ndi njira za anthu. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kudziwa tanthauzo ndi zitsamba zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito, ndipo zomwe sizili.

Mwachitsanzo, decoction wa rasipiberi masamba amatsuka mitsempha yamagazi ndikuchepetsa shuga. Palibe zoyipa kuposa mankhwala ena, kutsitsa insulin kumakwiyitsa masamba a dandelion. Kuti akonzekere, mbewuyo imayenera kunyowa m'madzi kwa mphindi 30, kenako onjezani parsley, katsabola ndi mazira.

Sakanizani bwino ndikusakaniza osakaniza.

Chinsinsi chabwino chotsitsa insulini chimadziwika kuti ndi cholakwika cha chimanga. Pophika muyenera: magalamu 100 azitsulo za chimanga ndi madzi ofanana. Pambuyo kuti zosakaniza zanu ziwiritsa m'madzi, siyani msuzi kwa mphindi 15-20.

Mutha kuchepetsanso mahomoni m'magazi mothandizidwa ndi tsamba la bay. Kununkhira kumathandizanso kugwira ntchito kwa kapamba, kumapangitsanso kagayidwe, komanso kumachotsa poizoni ndi mchere m'thupi. Kuphatikiza pa mankhwala apanyumba, kuyenda kunja kwatsiku ndi tsiku kumalimbikitsidwa.

Mankhwala ochepetsa shuga: magazi. Mndandanda, mawonekedwe othandizira

Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a mtundu wachi II amakhala ndi vuto lopanda insulin - matenda awo amatha kuwongolera ndi mapiritsi a mapiritsi ochepetsa shuga. Koma kwa odwala matenda ashuga okhala ndi mtundu woyamba wa I, njira yabwino yosankhidwa ndi insulin ndiye chipulumutso chachikulu. Muphunzira za mitundu ya ma insulini, zotsatira zake, momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito ndi mfundo zina zofunika kuchokera m'nkhaniyi.

Cholinga chachikulu pakuthandizira matenda a shuga ndikuwongolera (m'munsi) kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Ichi ndi chizindikiritso chomwe chimadziwika ndi kuyenera kwa kayendedwe ka matenda, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti zimakhudza mwachindunji zakukula kwa moyo komanso thanzi la wodwalayo.

Inde, pakati pa njira zochepetsera shuga wamagazi, kudya mokwanira komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi ndizofunikira kwambiri, komabe, monga momwe masewera amasonyezera, izi nthawi zambiri sizikhala zokwanira.

Ndipo apa, mankhwala apadera amathandizira adokotala ndi odwala, zotsatira zake zazikulu ndizakuti kuchepa kwamagazi a shuga.

Pali magulu awiri akuluakulu a mankhwalawa: mankhwala a insulin ndi pakamwa a hypoglycemic.

Mapiritsi a insulin: dzina, malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito, ndemanga

Matenda a 2 a shuga ndi matenda osachiritsika omwe kagayidwe kachakudya kamavuta. shuga m'magazi imapitilira muyeso womwe umaperekedwa. Ndikofunikira kuyambitsa kuwunika kwa matenda posachedwa, muchepetse shuga m'magazi ndikuisunga pamalo osasunthika. Atazindikira zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa, adotolo adzalembera chithandizo chofunikira.

Wodwala amakakamizika kuwongolera vutoli mothandizidwa ndi mapiritsi, jakisoni wa insulin komanso zakudya. Mapiritsi a insulin amagwiritsidwanso ntchito. Muyenera kuphunzira mndandanda wazakudya zoletsedwa komanso zolimbikitsidwa, sankhani zamankhwala zomwe zingakhale zothandizadi.

Mapiritsi a insulin: chiyambi

Makampani omwe akupanga mankhwala kwa nthawi yayitali amaganiza za mtundu watsopano wa mankhwala omwe amatha kubaya matenda a shuga popanda jakisoni.

Mapiritsi a insulin adapangidwa koyamba ndi ofufuza aku Australia ndi Israeli. Anthu omwe adachita nawo kafukufukuyu adatsimikizira kuti mapiritsi ndi osavuta komanso abwino kuposa jakisoni. Kumwa insulin pakamwa kumakhala kosavuta komanso kosavuta, pomwe magwiridwe ake samachepa konse.

Pambuyo poyesera nyama, ofufuza amakonzekera kuyesa kulowetsedwa kwa insulin m'mapiritsi komanso pakati pa anthu. Pambuyo pake, kupanga zochuluka kudzayamba. Tsopano India ndi Russia ali okonzeka kwathunthu kupanga mankhwala.

Kupanga mapiritsi a insulin

Insulin amatanthauza mtundu wina wa mapuloteni omwe amapangidwa ndi kapamba. Pokhala kuti mulibe insulin mthupi, glucose sangathe kufikira minyewa. Pafupifupi ziwalo zonse za anthu ndi machitidwe ake amavutika ndi izi, ndipo matenda amapangidwe - shuga mellitus.

Ofufuzawo ku Russia adayamba kupanga mapiritsi a insulin m'ma 90s. Ransulin tsopano yakonzeka kupanga. Mayina a mapiritsi a insulin ndi osangalatsa kwa ambiri.

Mu shuga, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya insulin yamadzimadzi imapezeka ngati jakisoni. Kugwiritsa ntchito kwawo kumayambitsa zovuta kwa wodwalayo, ngakhale singano zochotseka komanso ma insulin.

Kuphatikiza apo, zovuta zimakhalapo pakuyerekeza kwa insulin mu mawonekedwe a mapiritsi mkati mwa thupi la munthu. Hormayo imakhala ndi mapuloteni, ndiye kuti, m'mimba imatenga ngati chakudya wamba, chifukwa chomwe chimatha kuwonongeka kwa ma amino acid komanso kugawa ma enzymes ena mwanjira imeneyi.

Choyamba, asayansi amayenera kuteteza insulini ku ma enzymes kuti ilowe m'magazi athunthu, osapangidwa ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono.

Pasapezeke kulumikizana kwa insulin ndi chilengedwe cha m'mimba ndipo osalowa mu mawonekedwe ake apachiberekero. Chifukwa chake, thunthu liyenera kukhala lovala ndi nembanemba lomwe limateteza motsutsana ndi michere.

Chipolopolochi chimafunikiranso kupasuka m'matumbo mwachangu kwambiri.

Asayansi aku Russia apanga ubale pakati pa mamolekyulu a inhibitor ndi polymer hydrogel. Kuphatikiza apo, ma polysaccharides adawonjezeredwa ku hydrogel kuti athandize kuyamwa kwa chinthucho m'matumbo aang'ono.

Pectins amapezeka m'matumbo ang'onoang'ono. Amayang'anira ntchito yolimbikitsa kuyamwa kwa zinthu zogwirizana ndi polysaccharides. Kuphatikiza pa iwo, insulin idayambitsidwanso mu hydrogel. Zinthu izi sizinalumikizane. Kulumikizana kochokera kumwamba kwaphimbidwa, cholinga chake ndikupewa kusungunuka m'chipinda cha gastric acidic.

Kamodzi m'mimba mwa munthu, hydrogel yomwe ili ndi insulin idamasulidwa. Polysaccharides adayamba kumangiriza kwa ma pectins, pomwe ma hydrogel adakhazikika pamakoma a matumbo.

Inhibitor sanasungunuke m'matumbo. Adateteza kwathunthu insulini ku kuwonongeka koyambirira komanso zotsatira za asidi. Chifukwa chake, zotsatira zofunikira zidakwaniritsidwa, ndiye kuti, insulin yomwe ili koyambirira idalowa m'magazi amunthu kwathunthu. Ma polima ndi ntchito yake yosungira, komanso zinthu zowola, adazichotsa m'thupi.

Asayansi aku Russia adayesa mankhwalawo mwachidwi kwa odwala omwe ali ndi mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga. Mosiyana ndi jakisoni, anthu amalandira kawiri kuchuluka kwa zinthu monga mapiritsi. glucose inachepa ndikuyesera koteroko, koma osachepera ndi jakisoni wa insulin.

Zinadziwika kuti kufunikira kuyenera kuwonjezereka, tsopano pali insulin yowonjezereka kanayi piritsi la shuga. Chifukwa cha mankhwalawa, shuga amachepetsedwa koposa jakisoni. Komanso, funso lofuna kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa chimbudzi ndikugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ambiri a insulin silinayankhidwe.

Thupi, motero, adangolandira kuchuluka kwa insulin, yomwe amafunikira. Zowonjezera zonse zimachotsedwa limodzi ndi zinthu zina mwanjira yachilengedwe.

Kodi pali ndemanga zamapiritsi a insulin?

Zomwe zimayambitsa kuphwanya malamulo

Kuti muchite bwino ndi milingo yayikulu ya insulin, ndikofunikira kudziwa zomwe zimayambitsa izi.

Kuchulukitsa kwa mahomoni nthawi zambiri kumachitika chifukwa cha nkhawa kapena kuchuluka kwa zochitika zolimbitsa thupi, zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi kuwonjezeka kwa zomwe zili mu hormone ina - adrenaline. Zinthu zothandizidwayi zimayambitsa kuchepa kwa mitsempha ya magazi, kutsika kwa magazi, kumasulidwa kwa maselo ofiira am'magazi, ndi insulin kuchokera ku kapamba, motero.

Pankhaniyi, chithandizo chapadera sichofunikira, chifukwa kufalikira kwa thupi kumachitika pang'onopang'ono.

Chithunzi chofananacho chimawonedwa ndi mabakiteriya ofanana, matenda a ma virus, ma activation a chotupa. Kuchepetsa izi pamenepa kumatheka pokhapokha ngati munthu wadwala kapena ngakhale atachitidwa opaleshoni.

Chotsatira ndi kunenepa kwambiri, ndipo mgwirizano pakati pa insulin ndi kunenepa kwambiri umayenderana. Ngati kuchuluka kwa insulini m'magazi kukwera, pang'onopang'ono chifukwa cha kupopera bwino kwa chakudya chamafuta, mafuta amayamba kudziunjikira mthupi, monga momwe anthu onenepa kwambiri alili.

Choyambitsa chachikulu chomwe chimakhudza kuchuluka kwa insulini m'magazi ndikuphwanya kwa kapamba ndi kukula kwa matenda ashuga, makamaka, mtundu 2.

Zikuwonekeratu kuti kupatuka kulikonse ndizowopsa kwa anthu. Kuchuluka kwa shuga komanso kuchepa kwa insulini kungayambitse kukomoka kwa hyperglycemic, kuwonetsera komwe kumapangitsa kutsekeka kwa khungu lamkati - kuwonongeka.

Njira yosinthira, yotchedwa pachimake hypoglycemia, imadziwika ndi kutulutsa mtima, kutuluka thukuta, njala, kunjenjemera, nkhawa komanso kuda nkhawa.

Pali chiphunzitso cholumikiza hypoglycemia ndi uchidakwa. Amakhulupirira kuti kuchepa kwa shuga ndi kuchuluka kwa insulini pazisonyezo zake kumakakamiza munthu kuti amwe mowa ndikuyamba kupanga chizolowezi.

Njira yopita ku chipulumutso - Kusintha kudya

Kuti muyankhe funso la momwe mungachepetse kupangidwira kwa insulin yambiri, ndikofunikira, choyamba, kuti muwunikenso zakudya zanu.

Zakudya zomwe zimadyedwa ziyenera kukhala ndi index yotsika ya glycemic. Amayamikiridwa chifukwa cholumbidwa pakapita nthawi, pang'onopang'ono. Zotsatira zake, kuchuluka kwambiri kwa shuga sikumachitika.

Mlingo wa kusweka kwa shuga ndi mayamwidwe amatengedwa ngati gawo la chidziwitso cha glycemic index. Chifukwa chake, chizindikiro cha 110 GI cha mowa chimawonetsa kuti chidzagunda mofulumira kuposa glucose.

Kuchepetsa kwambiri kapena kuwonjezeka kwa zisonyezo zonse kudzakhala kulibe ngati zakudya za tsiku ndi tsiku zigawidwa paphwando la 5-6, kupewa chakudya chamadzulo.

Ndikulimbikitsidwa kudya masamba ndi zipatso, mkaka, nonfat, mkate kuchokera ku ufa wa wholemeal tsiku lililonse.

Kutsika kapena kukhazikika kwa ma hormone kumawonedwa ndi kuphatikizika kwa mavitamini komanso mchere wambiri m'thupi, ndipo mutha kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala opangidwa ndi zakudya ndi zakudya zomwe zili ndi zambiri. Mwachitsanzo, chofufumitsa cha nyama kapena chofufumitsa cha burdi chomwe chili ndi chromium, mchere umakhala ndi sodium, chimanga, mtedza, uchi wa buckwheat, uchi wokhala ndi magnesium, ndipo zinthu zamkaka ndi nsomba zimakhala ndi calcium.

Chithandizo cha mankhwala osokoneza bongo kapena mankhwala achikhalidwe

Amakhulupilira kuti mankhwala achikhalidwe amachititsa kuti munthu athe kuchiritsidwa mwanjira zachilengedwe zomwe sizimavulaza thupi. Mawuwo ndi olondola, koma pakakhala vuto la mahomoni, endocrinologist sangachite popanda kufunsa. Ndi dokotala yekha amene angakuuzeni momwe mungachepetse insulin m'magazi molondola.

Pazinthu zomwe zimakhala zovuta kuchiza, mankhwala kapena ngakhale opaleshoni ndiyofunikira. Chifukwa chake, kuchuluka kwa insulini kungakhale chizindikiro cha chotupa chotupa cha ma cell - insulinoma, yomwe imayendetsedwa ndi kuukira kwa hypoglycemic.

Ndi insulinoma, chithandizo cha opaleshoni chimasonyezedwa, ndipo kuchuluka kwake kumatengera kukula kwa mapangidwewo. Ngati zili ndi vuto, chemotherapy imachitidwa.

Wofatsa, munthu asayiwale za njira za anthu wamba.

Mwachitsanzo, kupendekera kwazovuta za chimanga kumapangitsa kuchepa kwa mahomoni. Pomwe ikukonzekera, 100 g yazinthu zofunikira zimathiridwa ndimadzi (300 ml) ndikubwera kwa chithupsa. Msuzi utathiridwa ndipo mu fomu yomalizidwa amatengedwa mu kapu itatu katatu patsiku.

The achire zotsatira ndi decoction wa youma yisiti. 3 tbsp. supuni ya zinthu zimathiridwa ndi madzi otentha ndikuyika kwa theka la ola. Tengani decoction mukatha kudya.

Chifukwa chake, ndizotheka kuchepetsa zamtundu wa insulin malinga ndi malamulo:

• dziwa ndi kuonana ndi dokotala,
• khala ndi chithandizo chotsimikizidwa ndi endocrinologist,
• pewani zochitika zovuta komanso zolimbitsa thupi kwambiri,
• sinthani zakudya ndikuchotsa zakudya zomwe zimakhala ndi mafuta ndi mafuta ambiri, mowa,
• lekani zizolowezi zoyipa,
• kukhala kunja kwambiri,
• kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi osavuta.

Pa mndandandawu, mutha kuwonjezera njira zochizira kapena prophylactic pamankhwala azikhalidwe.

Hyperinsulinemia mankhwala

Choyenera kuchita mutatha kuphunzira za kuchuluka kwambiri kwa insulini ndikufunsira kwa katswiri, popeza ndi dokotala yekhayo amene angadziwitse mankhwala oyenera, kutengera deta yonse yokhudza thanzi la wodwala.

Kudzipangira nokha panthawiyi ndikosayenera komanso koopsa, chifukwa kungayambitse kulephera kwakukulu kwamahomoni. Kuthamanga kwa mahomoni kungachititse kuti matenda ena ayambe kukula.

Choyamba, adokotala amawunika zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa. Chifukwa chake, ngati insulin iwonjezereka chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa kapamba, mphamvu zonse zimayenera kuzitsogolera makamaka ku chithandizo cha chiwalo chowonongeka.

Ngati vutoli litathetsedwa, ndiye kuti insulini m'magazi imayamba pang'onopang'ono.

Pazovuta zovuta, mankhwala akwanira.

Kuteteza matenda a insulin m'magazi, magulu angapo a mankhwala amatchulidwa kuti amachepetsa:

1. Kupsinjika kwa magazi kuti muchepetse chiopsezo cha stroke kapena vuto la mtima. Mankhwalawa amaphatikizapo calcium inhibitors ndi otsutsana nawo.
2. Mlingo wa shuga ndi cholesterol.
3. Kulakalaka (kukonzekera kwa enzyme, kumatanthauza kuthana ndi mafuta, ndi zina).

Nthawi zina, opaleshoni idzafunika kuti ichotse hyperinsulinemia. Koma njira zazikulu ngati izi ndizofunikira nthawi zonse. Monga mukudziwa, matenda aliwonse mthupi, kuphatikizapo kukhalapo kwa chotupa cha insulinoma, amatha kuthana ndi insulin. Mapangidwe otere amapangika chifukwa cha kusintha kwa mahomoni.

Zotupa a Benign amachotsedwa opaleshoni. Kuchiritsa chotupa chowopsa, chemotherapy imalembedwa kwa wodwala.

Pambuyo pa mankhwalawa, wodwalayo amayenera kukayezetsanso kuti adziwe momwe mankhwalawo amathandizira.

Zowonjezera ndi malingaliro owgwiritsa ntchito

Kugwiritsa ntchito insulin mwa mapiritsi kungathe kusankhidwa m'malo mwa jakisoni, ndipo mtundu uwu wa mankhwalawo udzakhala wolondola kwakanthawi. Koma ndemanga za madokotala zikusonyeza kuti mapiritsi nthawi zina amatha kusiya kutsika magazi. Ichi ndichifukwa chake ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito mita ya glucose kunyumba.

Popita nthawi, malo osungira a pancreatic beta amachepa, omwe amakhudza shuga a magazi nthawi yomweyo. Makamaka, hemoglobin ya glycated imachitira umboni izi, ikuwonetsa kwa miyezi itatu kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Onse odwala matenda ashuga amafunikira mayeso ndi insulin pafupipafupi.

Ngati mitengo yovomerezeka itaperekedwa, muyenera kuganizira zakupeza mankhwala a insulin. Zambiri zokhudzana ndi zamankhwala zikuwonetsa kuti ku Russia, pafupifupi 23% ya odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a 2 amalandila insulin - odwala omwe ali ndi shuga wambiri ndi hemoglobin ya glycated, yomwe imayamba pa 10% kapena kupitirira.

Mankhwalawa, malinga ndi ambiri, ndi chizolowezi cha moyo wa jakisoni wa insulin. Inde, mutha kukana insulini, koma izi zikuwopseza kuti mubwerenso shuga komanso kutuluka kwa zovuta zingapo.

Ndi chithandizo cha insulin choyenera, wodwalayo amatha kukhala wolimba komanso wakhama.

Zizindikiro ndi mankhwala a matenda a shuga a mtundu wachiwiri

Munthu akapezeka ndi mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga, zizindikilo ndi chithandizo chake zimakhala m'njira zambiri zofanana ndi zizindikiro komanso chithandizo cha mtundu woyamba. Nthawi zambiri kumayambiriro kwa zisonyezo zoyambirira kumawonedwa pakatha miyezi yochepa kapena zaka (matenda apambuyo).

Pakupanga matenda a shuga a 2, munthu amakhala ndi zotsatirazi:

• ludzu lalikuru ndi kufunitsitsa kopitilira zosowa,
• chizungulire, kukwiya, kutopa,
• kuwonongeka kwamawonekedwe komwe kumapangitsa kukula kwa matendawa - matenda ashuga retinopathy,
• njala, ngakhale chakudya chochuluka chitatha.
• kuyanika kwamkamwa,
• kuchepa kwamisempha,
• zotupa ndi kuyabwa kwa khungu.

Ngati matendawa atapitirira nthawi yayitali, ndiye kuti matendawa amatha kukulirakulira. Odwala amatha kudandaula za matenda a shuga, monga kutupa ndi kupweteka kwam'munsi, matenda a yisiti, kuchiritsa kwa nthawi yayitali mabala, dzanzi m'manja ndi m'miyendo. Zizindikiro ndi chithandizo cha matenda amtundu wa 2 zimayenderana.

Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo

Ndi mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga, anthu ambiri ali ndi chidwi ndi zomwe amwe mankhwala. Katswiri angathe kulemba kuti:

• Kukonzekera komwe kumapangitsa kupanga insulin ndi Glipizid, Novonorm, Tolbutamide, Amaril, ndi Diabeteson. Odwala okhwima kwambiri komanso achinyamata nthawi zambiri amalekerera ndalamazi, komabe, kuwunika kwa anthu okalamba sikungabwino konse. Mankhwala kuchokera munkhanizi nthawi zina amatha kuyambitsa matenda a adrenal gland komanso chifuwa.
• Mankhwala omwe amachepetsa kuyamwa kwa m'matumbo. Piritsi lirilonse la ndalama zomwe zatsatidwapo pali metformin ngati chinthu chogwira ntchito. Izi zikuphatikiza Diaformin, Fomu Pliva, Insufor, Gliformin. Zotsatira zamankhwala zimapangidwa kuti zikuwonjezera chidwi cha minyewa ya insulin ndikuthandizira kaphatikizidwe ka shuga mu chiwindi.
• Glycosidase inhibitors, omwe amaphatikizapo "Acarbose". Chida ichi chimagwira ntchito pa ma enzymes omwe amathandizira kugwetsa mafuta ochulukitsa a glucose, kuwaletsa. Njira za mayamwidwe za glucose zimayamba kuchepa ngati chotsatira.
• "Fenofibrate" ndi mankhwala omwe amachititsa kuti alpha receptors achepetse kupita patsogolo kwa atherosulinosis. Mankhwalawa amalimbitsa mitsempha ya m'magazi, amasintha kayendedwe ka magazi ndikuletsa kupezeka kwa zovuta zowopsa, monga nephropathy ndi retinopathy. Izi zimatsimikiziridwa ndi malangizo ogwiritsa ntchito.

Mapiritsi a insulin posachedwapa adzagwiritsidwa ntchito mochizira odwala. Komabe, kugwiritsa ntchito bwino mankhwalawa kumachepa pakapita nthawi. Chifukwa chake, adotolo amatha kupatsa wodwala mankhwala a insulin.

Mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda a shuga ungayambitse zovuta zina, motero, insulin imayikidwa kuti idzalipire kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi.

Mankhwala aulere

Tiyenera kudziwa kuti si mankhwala onse omwe amafunikira kupewa komanso kuchiza matenda a shuga omwe adzapatsidwe kwaulere. Mankhwalawa amaphatikizidwa pamndandanda wapadera, womwe umapangidwa ndikuvomerezedwa ndi Unduna wa Zaumoyo.

Mndandandandawu umaphatikizapo mankhwala aulere kwa odwala matenda ashuga ofunika. Ngati munthu akufuna chida chomwe sichiri mndandandawu, amatha kulumikizana ndi achipatala kuti amuthandize.

Mwinanso angaganize za vuto linalake ndikusankha kupereka mankhwalawo kwaulere kapena kuchotsera kwakukulu.

Kodi boma limapereka chiyani?

Akalandira kulemala ndikulembetsa ndi endocrinologist, wodwala ali ndi ufulu kulandira insulin yaulere. M'madera ena, simungayembekezere kulandira mankhwala ochepetsera shuga awa, chifukwa kulibe ndalama ku bajeti ya boma. Komabe, nthawi zina insulin imalowetsedwa kunja kwambiri, ndipo mutha kuchita kuti mulandire.

Dziwani kuti odwala ena amakana jakisoni wa insulin, akunena kuti mtsogolomo adzadalira kwathunthu. Koma insulini ndi mankhwala ofunika kwambiri, makamaka ndi mtundu woyamba wa shuga, imapangitsa shuga yokhala ndi shuga komanso kupewa.

Mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga, mankhwala aulere amaphatikiza njira zosiyanasiyana zothetsera shuga wamagazi a wodwalayo. Mapiritsi okhala ndi mtundu woyamba samathandizira, koma ndi mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda amapezeka othandiza ngati kapamba kamadzipaka payokha.

Zolembera za insulin kapena syringes zimathanso kuperekedwa. Kuti mupange jakisoni wa matenda, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito zolembera zapadera (zosavuta kwambiri komanso zothandiza) kapena syringes. Malinga ndi lamulo, munthu ali ndi ufulu kulandira ma syringe ndi ma syringe ndi singano kwaulere.

Boma lakonzeka kupereka ndalama zodziwitsa matendawa. Izi zimaphatikizapo mizere yoyesera ndi mita yamagazi. Mothandizidwa ndi zida zoyezera izi, munthu amawongolera zomwe zili ndi shuga. Zipangizo zimaperekedwa kuti wodwalayo azichita mayeso a tsiku ndi tsiku.

Kwa anthu omwe ali ndi mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga, mankhwalawo omwe amaperekedwa monga amtundu woyamba. Ngati mukukana kupereka mankhwala kwaulere, muyenera kufunsa olamulira omwe ali ndi izi ndikuyesetsa kutsatira malamulo ndi chilungamo.

Insulin ya ana

Pochiza matenda a shuga kwa ana ndi achinyamata, ma ultrashort amalowetsa - NovoRapid ndi Humalog - atenga malo apadera.

Mukamayambitsidwa pansi pa khungu, mankhwalawa amakhala ndi mphamvu yoyambira komanso mphamvu yokwanira, ofanana ndi kuchuluka kwa zakudya zopatsa mphamvu pambuyo pake, zomwe zimakuthandizani kuti mulowetse ndalamazi musanadye, kupewa kudya pafupipafupi, ngati mukufuna.

Kupeza kwaposachedwa kwambiri pantchito ya mankhwala a insulin ndiko kuyambitsa kwa Lantus insulin muzochita zamankhwala. Ndiwonetsero woyamba wopanda pake wa insulin waumunthu wokhala ndi maola 24.

"Detemir" ndi analogue yopanda tanthauzo yokhala ndi zotsatira zokhalitsa, kuphatikiza kwake kumakwaniritsidwa ndikupeza zotsalira khumi ndi zinayi za mafuta a B-chain mafuta achuma cha 29. Mankhwalawa amaperekedwa kawiri pa tsiku.

Palibe mapiritsi a insulin a ana omwe akugulitsidwa panobe.

Zophatikiza izi zimaphatikizanso ma insulin osakhalitsa komanso apakatikati mosiyanasiyana - 50 mpaka 50 kapena 90 mpaka 10. Amawerengedwa kuti ndiwothandiza kwambiri, chifukwa kugwiritsa ntchito kwawo kumapangitsa kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa jakisoni.

Koma m'magulu a ana sagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri chifukwa chofunikira kusintha kuchuluka kwa insulin yayifupi mwa wodwala, kutengera mtundu wa glycemia.

Ndi khola mellitus wokhazikika (makamaka zaka zoyambirira), kubwezeredwa kwabwino kumatheka kudzera mu insulin yosakanikirana.

Insulini mu mankhwala amapanga 350 mpaka 8000 rubles. kutengera wopanga ndi mlingo.