Malo abwino kwambiri a shuga

Zokoma ndi zotsekemera zomwe zinayamba kupangidwa mwachangu kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1900. Zovuta pazakuipa ndi mapindu a zinthu zoterezi zikuchitikabe ndi akatswiri. Zotsekemera zamakono zimakhala zopanda vuto, zimatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi anthu onse omwe sangathe kugwiritsa ntchito shuga.

Mwayiwu umawalola kuti azikhala moyo watopa kwambiri. Ngakhale zabwino zonse, ngati zimagwiritsidwa ntchito molakwika, zotsekemera zimatha kuvuta kwambiri munthu yemwe akudwala matenda ashuga.

Zosiyanasiyana zotsekemera

Ubwino wawukulu wa zotsekemera ndikuti, akamamwetsa, sasintha kusintha kwa glucose. Chifukwa cha izi, munthu wodwala matenda ashuga sangadandaule za hyperglycemia.

Ngati mungasinthe shuga ndi imodzi mwazomwezi zotsekemera, simungadandaule za kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Ma sweeteners atengapo gawo pazochita za metabolic, koma sangachedwetse. Mpaka pano, okometsetsa amagawidwa m'magulu awiri osiyana: caloric ndi non-caloric.

• Zokoma zachilengedwe - fructose, xylitol, sorbitol. Amapezeka ndi kutentha kwazomera zina, kenako sizimataya kukoma kwawo. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito zotsekemera zachilengedwe zotere, mphamvu zochepa zimapangidwa m'thupi lanu. Kumbukirani kuti mutha kugwiritsa ntchito zotsekemera zosaposa 4 magalamu patsiku. Kwa anthu omwe, kuphatikiza pa matenda a shuga, akudwala kunenepa kwambiri, ndibwino kufunsa dokotala musanagwiritse ntchito zinthu ngati izi.
• Zopangira shuga m'malo - saccharin ndi aspartame. Mphamvu zomwe zimalandiridwa pakuwonongeka kwa zinthu izi sizimadziwidwa mthupi. Izi zothira shuga zimasiyanitsidwa ndi maonekedwe ake. Mwakukoma kwawo, amakhala apamwamba kwambiri kuposa glucose wamba, kotero zochepa zochepa za izi ndizokwanira kukwaniritsa zosowa zanu. Zotsekemera zoterezi ndizabwino kwa anthu odwala matenda ashuga. Zabwino zopatsa mphamvu ndi zero.

Zotsekemera zachilengedwe

Mmalo a shuga obwera chifukwa cha matenda ashuga achilengedwe - zinthu zosaphika zomwe zimachokera ku zosakaniza zachilengedwe. Nthawi zambiri, sorbitol, xylitol, fructose ndi stevioside amagwiritsidwa ntchito pagululi la zotsekemera. Tiyenera kudziwa kuti okometsetsa achilengedwe okhala ndi mphamvu inayake. Chifukwa cha kupezeka kwa zopatsa mphamvu, zotsekemera zachilengedwe zimakhudza shuga wamagazi. Komabe, shuga pankhaniyi amakamizidwa pang'onopang'ono, akamamwa moyenera komanso moyenera, samayambitsa hyperglycemia. Ndi zotsekemera zachilengedwe zomwe zimavomerezeka kuti zigwiritsidwe ntchito mu shuga.

Okometsetsa achilengedwe achilengedwe ambiri amakhala ndi kutsekemera kochepa, ndipo chizolowezi chatsiku ndi tsiku chomwe amamwa chimafikira 50 g. Pachifukwa ichi, ngati simungathe kusiya maswiti, atha kusintha shuga. Ngati mupitilira gawo lomwe mumakhala nalo tsiku lililonse, mutha kumva kuphuka, kupweteka, kutsegula m'mimba, kudumpha m'magazi a magazi. Gwiritsani ntchito zinthu ngati izi ziyenera kukhala zopanda malire.

Zotsekemera zachilengedwe zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuphika. Mosiyana ndi zotsekemera zamafuta, panthawi yothira mankhwalawa samatulutsa mkwiyo ndipo sawononga kukoma kwa mbale. Mutha kupeza zinthu zotere mumsika uliwonse. Tikukulimbikitsani kuti mulankhule ndi dokotala wanu za kusintha kotereku.

Zokoma Zopangira

Zomakomera zotsekemera - gulu la zotsekemera, zomwe zimapezeka ndi kupanga.

Alibe ma calorie, chifukwa chake, akamwetsa, sasintha njira iliyonse mmenemo.

Zinthu zoterezi ndizotsekemera kuposa shuga wokhazikika, kotero kuti mlingo wa zotsekemera zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito umatha kuchepetsedwa mosavuta.

Zomera zotsekemera nthawi zambiri zimapezeka m'mapiritsi. Piritsi imodzi yaying'ono ikhoza kusintha supuni ya shuga wokhazikika. Dziwani kuti zosaposa 30 magalamu a zinthu zoterezi zitha kumumwa tsiku lililonse. Zokomera zotsekemera ndizoletsedwa kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi amayi apakati komanso anyama, komanso odwala phenylketonuria. Odziwika kwambiri pakati pa zotsekemera awa ndi:

• Aspartame, cyclomat - zinthu zomwe sizimakhudza kuchuluka kwa shuga. Amakhala okoma 200 kuposa shuga wokhazikika. Mutha kuwaphatikiza muzakudya zopangidwa kale, chifukwa akakumana ndi zakudya zotentha, amayamba kupsa mtima.
• Saccharin ndi wokoma wopanda caloric. Chimakhala chokoma 700 kuposa shuga, koma sichitha kuphatikizidwanso ku zakudya zotentha mukaphika.
• Sucralose ndi shuga wokonzedwa wopanda mafuta. Chifukwa cha izi, sizisintha kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Kafukufuku wambiri watsimikizira kuti mankhwalawa ndi amodzi okoma kwambiri kuposa lero.

Otetezedwa m'malo

Anthu ambiri amakhulupirira kuti shuga onse omwe amalowa m'malo mwa matenda ashuga amayambitsanso kanthu kena, koma amavulaza thupi. Komabe, asayansi afika pakuganiza kuti stevia ndi sucralose satha kutsogolera kukulitsa zotsatira zoyipa zilizonse. Mulinso otetezeka kwathunthu, osasintha njira zina mthupi mukatha kumwa.

Sucralose ndiwatsopano komanso wokoma kwambiri wapamwamba yemwe amakhala ndi zopatsa mphamvu zochepa. Singayambitse masinthidwe amtundu uliwonse; ilibe mphamvu ya m'mitsempha. Komanso, kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwake sikungayambitse kukula kwa zotupa zoyipa. Mwa zabwino za sucralose, zitha kudziwika kuti sizikhudza kuchuluka kwa metabolic.

Stevia ndi wokoma masoka, yemwe amachokera ku masamba a udzu wa uchi.

Ma endocrinologists amakono amalimbikitsa mwamphamvu kuti odwala awo onse asinthane ndi stevia ndi sucralose. Amasankha shuga mwabwino, chifukwa kukoma kwawo ndi kwakukulu kuposa pamenepo. Anthu mamiliyoni kuzungulira padziko lonse lapansi asinthana ndi m'malo mwa shuga kuti achepetse zotsatilazi zawo. Yesetsani kuti musagwiritse ntchito molakwika zinthu zotere, kuti musayambitse mkwiyo.

Zotsatira zoyipa

Aliyense wogwirizira shuga yemwe ali ndi shuga ali ndi mlingo wotetezeka, womwe sungalole kukula kwazotsatira zina zilizonse. Mukamadya kwambiri, mumakhala ndi vuto lodana ndi zinthu zotsutsa. Nthawi zambiri, mawonetseredwe akugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi zotsekemera amachepetsa kuwonekera kupweteka kwam'mimba, kutsegula m'mimba, kumatulutsa. Nthawi zina, zizindikiro za kuledzera zimatha: nseru, kusanza, kutentha thupi. Vutoli silikusowa chithandizo chamankhwala, kuwonetseredwa kwa tsankho kumadutsa pakatha masiku angapo.

Kumbukirani kuti zokometsera zakumaso ndizotsatira zoyipa kuposa zachilengedwe. Komanso, ambiri a iwo, ngati agwiritsidwa ntchito molakwika, amatha kubweretsa poizoni m'thupi. Asayansi akadali kukangana kuti ngati aspartame ingayambitse khansa. Komanso, kugwiritsa ntchito cholowa m'malo mwa matenda ashuga kumatha kupangitsa kuti matenda azisokonezeka mu gawo lachiberekero komanso kubereka.

Zokometsera zachilengedwe ndizotetezeka. Komabe, zimapangitsa kuti pakhale tsankho la munthu payekha kapena sayanjana. Zatsimikiziridwa kuti sorbitol ya matenda a shuga sikuvomerezeka. Zimasokoneza malo amitsempha yamagazi, zimatha kukulitsa kukula kwa mitsempha. Dziwani kuti mukamagwiritsidwa ntchito moyenera, zotsekemera zimakhala zotetezeka mokwanira, sizoyambitsa kuti pakhale zovuta zoyipa.

Contraindication

Ngakhale kutetezedwa ndi zotsekemera, sikuti aliyense angathe kuzigwiritsa ntchito. Kuletsa kotereku kumagwira ntchito kokha kwa okoma okonzanso. Ndi zoletsedwa kuti muzigwiritsa ntchito azimayi oyembekezera komanso poyamwitsa. Amaletsedwanso kwa ana ndi achinyamata. Mukamamwa, mphamvu ya teratogenic imayamba. Zidzabweretsa kuphwanya chitukuko ndi kukula, zimatha kuyipitsa zingapo.

Chifukwa chiyani zotsekemera zachilengedwe zimakhala bwino

Pali zifukwa ziwiri zosiyira shuga:

• thanzi
• kufuna kuchepetsa thupi.

Kwenikweni, pazifukwa zaumoyo, iwo omwe akudwala matenda a shuga amakana. Ambiri safuna kudya shuga, amawopa kupeza mapaundi owonjezera.

Kufuna kwambiri maswiti nthawi zambiri kumakhala kolemetsa kwambiri ndiye kuti pamakhala chiwopsezo chotenga matenda a shuga. Kudyedwa kwakukulu kwa maswiti kumayambitsa matenda ena - mtima, kukula kwa maselo, mkhalidwe wopanda khungu ndi ziwalo za mucous.

Pambuyo pachakudya chamafuta okoma, chilakolako chimayamba kuchuluka, chomwe pakupita nthawi chimawonjezera kulemera.

Vutoli litha kuthetsedwa ndikusiya shuga wangwiro, pogwiritsa ntchito zolowa m'malo zamavulazo. Zokoma zimatha kukhala zachilengedwe komanso zopanga. Zokoma zoyamba zinayamba kudyedwa panthawi ya Nkhondo Yoyamba Yapadziko Lonse, pomwe malo osungirako shuga sanali okwanira kupeza zosowa za anthu. Masiku ano, malonda adayamba kutchuka kwambiri chifukwa chosowa mphamvu.

Zinthu zotsatirazi zidaphatikizidwa pamndandanda wazinthu zopanga shuga:

Zinthu izi zimakhala ndi mphamvu zochepa, zimatchedwanso kuti zopanda mafuta. Amakhala ndi chidwi chambiri pa kagayidwe kake ka zakudya m'thupi.

Mitundu ya zotsekemera

Kodi zotsekemera zimavulaza munthu wathanzi? Posachedwa mafashoni a shuga omwe amapezeka masiku ano akhala ali ndi zotsatsa zambiri zokhudza kusapweteketsa kwawo komanso zotsatira zabwino za munthuyo. Ngakhale njira zambiri za shuga zimapangidwira poyambira anthu onenepa kwambiri omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga, masiku ano onse omwe amatsatira chithunzicho amatengera mitundu yonse ya shuga.

Sweetener ndi njira ina yosinthira shuga kapena zinthu zachilengedwe, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwonjezera kukoma ku mbale, zomwe zimapezeka pogwiritsa ntchito zinthu kapena mankhwala opangira mankhwala.

Ndipo ngati zonse zili zomveka bwino ndi zosakaniza zachilengedwe - samakonda kukweza kukayikira ndipo zimadziwika kwa onse, ndiye kuti okometsa omwe amapangidwa amapanga mafunso.

Chifukwa chake, magulu awiri akuluakulu a zotsekemera amatha kusiyanitsidwa - zachilengedwe komanso zopanga, zomwe zoyambirira zimakhala uchi wachikhalidwe, molasses, fructose, komanso xylitol, sorbitol ndi stevia.

Zokometsera zopanga zimagulitsidwa ngati chopanda thanzi, chopatsa thanzi. Pali zotsekemera zambiri zochita kupanga, zina zomwe zimaletsedwa kale m'maiko ambiri padziko lapansi chifukwa cha kawopsedwe - mwachitsanzo, lead acetate.

Komabe, zotsekemera zina zongokhala malo amtsogolo zimakhala chipulumutso chenicheni kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga, kotero kupangidwabe kwawo kukukhudzabe masiku ano. M'malo otchuka kwambiri opangira shuga ndi aspartame, saccharin, sucralose, cyclamate. Tidzakambirana m'nkhaniyi.

Zilime zonse za shuga zimagawidwa m'magulu awiri: kupanga ndi organic.

Zokometsera zachilengedwe kapena zachilengedwe:

• sorbitol
• xylitol
• fructose
• stevia.

Ubwino wawo waukulu ndikuti amalumikizidwa kwathunthu ndi thupi, amapereka kukoma kokoma kwa mbale, kusintha shuga ndikuwonjezera kuposa kukoma. Choyipa chake ndikuti ilinso ndi zopatsa mphamvu, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti kuchepetsa thupi mukamagwiritsa ntchito kulephera.

Zokometsera zophatikizika zimaphatikizapo:

• cyclamate
• machitidwe
• sucracit
• acesulfame potaziyamu.

Amakometsa zakudya, amatha kuthira shuga mu tiyi kapena khofi mukamadya. Ena mwa iwo ali ndi zero zopatsa mphamvu, ndizosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito. Kupatula apo, amapangidwa mu mawonekedwe a miyala yaying'ono, iliyonse yomwe imalowetsa supuni ya shuga.

Mutha kugulanso zotsekemera ndi zotsekemera ngati madzi. M'mafakitale, okometsetsa amabwera m'matumba ang'onoang'ono apulasitiki, omwe aliwonse amaloledwa 6,5 ​​kg a shuga.

Sweetener imagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi anthu osati ndi mawonekedwe a shuga, komanso mitundu ya prediabetes, komanso anthu omwe akufuna kuchepetsa thupi. Koma ndi m'malo ati a shuga omwe amaposa? Munkhaniyi ndiyamba kuyankhula za zakudya zamtunduwu, muphunzira za kagawidwe, katundu ndi momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito, munthawi zotsatirazi ndipitiliza ndikuwona zogulitsa zenizeni zomwe zikugulitsidwa m'masitolo ndi ma pharmacies, chifukwa chake ndikukulangizani kuti mulembetse pazosintha blog kuti musaphonye izi.

Si chinsinsi kuti odwala matenda ashuga amalangizidwa kudya zakudya zamagetsi zosavuta kuphatikiza, zomwe zimaphatikizapo shuga wotsekemera, uchi, kupanikizana ndi maswiti ena. Zakudya izi zimatengera chakudya monga glucose ndi fructose.

Zokoma zachilengedwe zimaphatikizapo:

1. thaumatin (2000.0-3000.0)
2. neohesperidin (1500.0)
3. stevioside (200.0-300.0) (stevia ndi cholowa m'malo mwa shuga)
4. erythritol
5. maltitol kapena maltitol (0.9)
6. xylitol (1,2)
7. sorbitol (0.6)
8. mannitol (0.4)
9. isomalt

Mu zolemba zanga zatsopano ndidzalankhula za malonda aliwonse mwatsatanetsatane. Pano ndikungonena komwe amapanga.

Thaumatin amachokera ku chipatso cha ku Africa - katemfe, neogesperidin - kuchokera ku lalanje wowawa, stevioside - kuchokera ku chomera, kapena m'malo ena wotchedwa stevia, erythritol imapezeka ndi enzymatic reaction mothandizidwa ndi yisiti kuchokera ku chimanga.

Maltitol amapezeka kuchokera ku shuga wa masamba, sorbitol kuchokera ku wowuma chimanga, xylitol kuchokera ku zinyalala zaulimi ndi nkhuni, ndi mannitol ndi hydrogenation (hydrogenation) ya fructose. Isomalt ndi isomer ya shuga, yomwe imakhalanso hydrogenated.

Koma ndikuyenera kukuchenjezani kuti si onse mmalo mwa shuga omwe amakhala ndi zofunikira zomwe ndanena pamwambapa. Mitundu isanu yomaliza ndiyosayenera kwathunthu, chifukwa imakhala ndi zopatsa mphamvu ndipo imakulitsa shuga.

Kuti muwone kutsekemera kwa mankhwala ena okoma, gwiritsani ntchito kuyerekeza ndi sucrose, ndiko kuti, ndi shuga wosavuta, ndipo sucrose imatengedwa ngati gawo. Tcherani khutu! Mabakaka pamwamba pamtengo amasonyezedwa, kangati lokoma kuposa shuga ichi kapena chinthucho.

Zokometsera zophatikizika zimaphatikizapo:

1. sucralose (600.0)
2. saccharin (500.0)
3. aspartame (200.0)
4. cyclamate (30.0)
5. acesulfame k (200.0)

Tiwone zomwe zotsekemera zosakhala zachilengedwe zimapangidwa. Impralose imapangidwa kuchokera kwa shuga wokhazikika, koma ndi chlorination. Zotsatira zake ndi chlorocarbon - phula lomwe limapezeka m'chilengedwe. Chlorocarbons ali makamaka mankhwala ophera tizilombo.

Sweetener saccharin amachotsedwa ku toluene, ndipo amapangidwa ndi zophulika. Sweetener aspartame ndi chinthu choyipa kwambiri chomwe chimapezeka ndi kuphatikiza ma amino acid awiri.

Cyclamate imapangidwa kuchokera ku cyclohexylamine ndi sulfure triphosphate, oletsedwa m'maiko otukuka kwambiri. Acesulfame imatheka chifukwa cha mankhwala omwe amapezeka pakati pa acetoacetic acid ndi aminosulfonic acid.

Tsopano taganizirani, kodi zoterezi ndizosavulaza? Kodi ndizoyenera kugwiritsa ntchito ndalama ndi thanzi pazinthu zovulaza, ngati pali zotetezeka?

M'malo mwa shuga mumakhala kalori wochepa kwambiri ndipo amathandizira kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Zakudya zamagulu omwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu shuga m'thupi zimatengedwa pang'onopang'ono kuposa shuga wokhazikika, ndipo kugwiritsa ntchito moyenera sikuyambitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga.

Mtundu wachiwiri ndi shuga mmalo omwe amapangidwa ndi njira yochita kupanga. Kuthetsa vuto la kuthana ndi shuga, muyenera kudziwa:

• zophatikiza odziwika muzakudya - saccharin, cyclamate, aspartame,
• kuchuluka kwa zopatsa mphamvu kumakhala kovuta,
• zotulutsa thupi mosavuta, sizimakhudza kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi.

Zonsezi zikulankhula za maubwino a shuga am'malo a 2 komanso mtundu wa matenda ashuga 1 Kumbukirani: zokometsera zopangidwa ndizokoma kakhumi kuposa shuga wamba.

Samalani

Malinga ndi WHO, chaka chilichonse padziko lapansi anthu 2 miliyoni amafa chifukwa cha matenda ashuga komanso zovuta zake. Pokhapokha pakhale thandizo loyenerera la thupi, shuga imabweretsa zovuta zosiyanasiyana, pang'onopang'ono kuwononga thupi la munthu.

Mavuto ambiri omwe amakonda ndi awa: matenda ashuga a m'mimba, nephropathy, retinopathy, zilonda zam'mimba, hypoglycemia, ketoacidosis. Matenda a shuga amathanso kuyambitsa kukula kwa zotupa za khansa. Pafupifupi nthawi zonse, wodwala matenda ashuga amwalira, akulimbana ndi matenda opweteka, kapena amasintha kukhala munthu wolumala.

Kodi anthu odwala matenda ashuga amatani? Endocrinological Research Center ya ku Russia Academy of Medical Sayansi idachita bwino