Augmentin kwa ana: cholinga, kapangidwe ndi mlingo

Ufa woyimitsidwa pakamwa, 125 mg / 31.25 mg / 5 ml, 100 ml

5 ml ya kuyimitsidwa kuli

ntchito: amoxicillin (monga amoxicillin trihydrate) 75 mg,

clavulanic acid (munthawi ya potaziyamu clavulanate) 31.25 mg,

zokopa: xanthan chingamu, aspartame, succinic acid, madzi osokoneza bongo a colloidal silicon dioksidi, hypromellose, kukoma kwa lalanje 610271 E, kukoma kwa lalanje kwa 9/27108, kukoma kwa msipu wowuma kwa NN07943, kununkhira kowuma kwa nyerere za 52927 / AR, kunenepa.

The ufa ndi loyera kapena pafupifupi loyera ndi fungo labwino. Kuyimitsidwa kokhazikikaku ndi koyera kapena pafupifupi kuyera, poyimirira, kutulutsa koyera kapena pafupifupi koyera kumapangika pang'ono.

Mankhwala

Farmakokinetics

Amoxicillin ndi clavulanate amasungunuka bwino pamankhwala amadzimadzi ndi pH yachilengedwe, mwachangu komanso yokwanira kuchokera m'matumbo am'mimba atatha kukonzekera pakamwa. Mafuta a amoxicillin ndi clavulanic acid ndi bwino akamwa mankhwalawa koyambirira kwa chakudya. Mutatha kumwa mankhwalawo mkati, kuphatikiza kwake ndi 70%. Mbiri ya zigawo zonse ziwiri za mankhwalawa ndi ofanana ndipo imafika pachimake cha plasma (Tmax) pafupifupi ola limodzi. Magetsi a amoxicillin ndi clavulanic acid mu seramu yamagazi ndi ofanana onse pakakhala ntchito ya amoxicillin ndi clavulanic acid, ndipo gawo lililonse limasiyanitsidwa.

Zochizira zozama amo amoillillin ndi clavulanic acid zimatheka zosiyanasiyana ziwalo ndi minofu, interstitial madzimadzi (mapapu, m'mimba, chikhodzodzo ndulu, adipose, mafupa ndi minofu minofu, pleural, synovial ndi peritoneal zamadzimadzi, khungu, bile, purulent zotupa, sputum). Amoxicillin ndi clavulanic acid mothandizidwa samalowa mu madzi a cerebrospinal.

Kumangiriza kwa amoxicillin ndi clavulanic acid kuma protein a plasma ndizochepa: 25% ya clavulanic acid ndi 18% ya amoxicillin. Amoxicillin, monga ma penicillin ambiri, amathandizidwa mkaka wa m'mawere. Zotsatira za clavulanic acid zapezekanso mkaka wa m'mawere. Kupatula kupezeka kwa chiwopsezo cha kukhudzidwa, amoxicillin ndi clavulanic acid sizimawononga thanzi la ana akhanda omwe akuyamwa. Amoxicillin ndi clavulanic acid amawoloka placental zotchinga.

Amoxicillin amachotseredwa makamaka ndi impso, pomwe clavulanic acid imachotsedwanso ndi machitidwe a impso ndi owonjezera. Pambuyo pakamwa limodzi lokha piritsi limodzi la 250 mg / 125 mg kapena 500 mg / 125 mg, pafupifupi 60-70% ya amoxicillin ndi 40-65% ya clavulanic acid amachotsedwa mu mkodzo m'maola 6 oyamba.

Amoxicillin amapukusidwa pang'ono mu mkodzo wofanana ndi penicillinic acid wofanana ndi 10-25% ya mankhwalawa. Clavulanic acid m'thupi imapangidwa mochuluka kuti 2,5-dihydro-4- (2-hydroxyethyl) -5-oxo-1H-pyrrole-3-carboxylic acid ndi 1-amino-4-hydroxy-butan-2-amodzi ndipo amachotsedwa. ndi mkodzo ndi ndowe, komanso mawonekedwe a mpweya woipa kudzera mumlengalenga.

Mankhwala

Augmentin® ndi mankhwala ophatikiza okhala ndi amoxicillin ndi clavulanic acid, omwe ali ndi zochita zambiri za bactericidal, osagwirizana ndi beta-lactamase.

Amoxicillin ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo omwe amapanga motsutsana ndi michere yambiri yama gramu ndi gram-negative. Amoxicillin amawonongedwa ndi beta-lactamase ndipo samakhudza tizilombo tating'onoting'ono timene timatulutsa enzyme iyi. Limagwirira a amoxicillin ndikulephera biosynthesis wa peptidoglycans wa bakiteriya cell khoma, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimayambitsa lysis ndi cell kufa.

Clavulanic acid ndi beta-lactamate, yofanananso ndi mankhwala opangidwa ndi penicillin, omwe amatha kuphatikiza ma enzymes a beta-lactamase omwe amaletsa penicillin ndi cephalosporins, potero amateteza kutha kwa amoxicillin. Ma Beta-lactamases amapangidwa ndi mabakiteriya ambiri opanda gramu komanso gram-negative. Kuchita kwa beta-lactamases kumatha kubweretsa kuwonongeka kwa mankhwala ena a antibacterial ngakhale asanayambe kukhudza tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Clavulanic acid imalepheretsa ma enzymes, kubwezeretsa chidwi cha mabakiteriya ku amoxicillin. Makamaka, imakhala ndi ntchito yayikulu yolimbana ndi plasmid beta-lactamases, yomwe mankhwala osokoneza bongo amakhudzidwa nthawi zambiri, koma osagwira motsutsana ndi mtundu wa 1 chromosomal beta-lactamases.

Kupezeka kwa clavulanic acid ku Augmentin® kumateteza amoxicillin ku zowonongeka za beta-lactamases ndikukulitsa mawonekedwe ake a zochita za antibacterial ndikuphatikizidwa kwa ma cellorganices omwe nthawi zambiri amakhala osagwirizana ndi penicillin ena ndi cephalosporins. Clavulanic acid okhala ngati mankhwala amodzi alibe mphamvu zambiri za antibacterial.

Njira yokana kukana

Pali njira ziwiri zoyambitsira kukana kwa Augmentin ®

- inactivation ndi bakiteriya-mabakiteriya, omwe samazindikira zotsatira za clavulanic acid, kuphatikizapo magulu B, C, D

- Kusintha kwa mapuloteni omanga a penicillin, omwe amachititsa kuchepa kwa mgwirizano wa antioxotic pokhudzana ndi microorganism

Kukhazikika kwa khoma la mabakiteriya, komanso njira zopopera, zimatha kuyambitsa kapena kuthandizira kukulitsa kukana, makamaka pamagalamu opanda tizilombo.

Augmentin®ali ndi bactericidal pa zotsatirazi tizilombo:

Zoyipa zamagalamu: Enterococcus faecalis,Gardnerella vaginalis,Staphylococcus aureus (tcheru ndi methicillin), coagulase-negative staphylococci (woganizira methicillin), Streptococcus agalactiae,Streptococcus pneumoniae1,Streptococcus pyogene ndi ena beta hemolytic streptococci, gulu Streptococcus viridans,Bacillius anthracis, Listeria monocytogene, Nocardia asteroides

Ma grram-negative: Chizimbamangochita,Kapnocytophagaspp.,Eikenellacorrodens,Haemophilusfuluwenza,Mwanaxellachibimanga,Neisseriamichere,Pasteurellamultocida

tizilombo toyambitsa matenda: Bacteroides fragilis,Fusobacterium nucleatum,Prevotella spp.

Ma tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tomwe titha kupezeka nawo

Zoyipa zamagalamu: Enterococcusfaecium*

Ma tizilombo okhala ndi chilengedwe:

gram alibeaerobes:Acinetobactermitundu,Choprobacterfreundii,Enterobactermitundu,Legionella pneumophila, Morganella morganii, Providenciamitundu, Pseudomonasmitundu, Serratiamitundu, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia,

ena:Chlamydia trachomatis,Chlamydophila pneumoniae, Chlamydophila psittaci, Coxiella burnetti, Mycoplasma pneumoniae.

*Zomverera mwachilengedwe pakakhala zopanda kukana

1 zopatula Streptococcus pneumoniaepenicillin

Zizindikiro zogwiritsidwa ntchito

- pachimake bakiteriya sinusitis

- pachimake otitis media

- kupuma matenda am'mimba thirakiti (kuchulukitsa kwa matenda osachiritsika)

bronchitis, ziphuphu zakumaso, bronchopneumonia, zopezeka pagulu

- Matenda amadzimadzi, chinzonono

- matenda a pakhungu ndi minofu yofewa (makamaka, cellulite, kuluma

nyama, zilonda zapakhungu ndi phlegmon wa maxillofacial

- matenda am'mafupa ndi mafupa (makamaka, osteomyelitis)

Mlingo ndi makonzedwe

Kuyimitsidwa kwamakonzedwe a pakamwa kumapangidwira kuti azigwiritsa ntchito ana.

Kuzindikira kwa Augmentin ® kumatha kusiyanasiyana ndi malo ndi nthawi. Musanafotokozere mankhwala, ngati kuli kotheka ndikofunikira kuwunika momwe matulukidwewo alili molingana ndi deta yakumaloko ndikuzindikira zamverazo ndikusanthula zitsanzo kuchokera kwa wodwala wina, makamaka ngati akudwala kwambiri.

Mlingo wa mankhwalawa umakhazikitsidwa payokha kutengera zaka, kulemera kwa thupi, impso, matenda othandizira, komanso kuopsa kwa matendawa.

Augmentin® ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti idatenge kumayambiriro kwa chakudya. Kutalika kwa mankhwalawa kumatengera wodwala momwe amathandizira. Ma pathologies ena (makamaka, osteomyelitis) angafunike nthawi yayitali. Kuchiza sikuyenera kupitilizidwa kwa masiku opitilira 14 popanda kuonanso momwe wodwalayo alili. Ngati ndi kotheka, ntha kuchita njira ya mankhwala (yoyamba, intravenous makonzedwe a mankhwala ndikusinthira kwamkamwa makonzedwe).

Ana kuyambira kubadwa kwa zaka 12 kapena masekeli osakwana 40

Mlingo, kutengera zaka ndi kulemera kwake, umawonetsedwa mu mg / kg thupi patsiku, kapena mamililita a kuyimitsidwa kumene.

Mlingo woyenera

Kuyambira 20 mg / 5 mg / kg / tsiku mpaka 60 mg / 15 mg / kg / tsiku, logawidwa pazigawo zitatu. Chifukwa chake, muyezo wa mankhwalawa 20 mg / 5 mg / kg / tsiku - 40 mg / 10 mg / kg / tsiku amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa matenda ofinya kwambiri a matendawa (matillillitis, matenda a pakhungu ndi minofu yofewa), mlingo waukulu wa mankhwalawa (60 mg / 15 mg / kg) makilogalamu / tsiku) zotchulidwa matenda opatsirana - otitis media, sinusitis, m'munsi kupuma thirakiti matenda ndi kwamikodzo thirakiti matenda.

Palibe zambiri zamankhwala pazakugwiritsa ntchito Augmentin®

125 mg / 31.25 mg / 5 ml oposa 40 mg / 10 mg / kg / tsiku kwa ana osakwana zaka 2.

Augmentin single piritsi limodzi lokha kusankha malingana ndi kulemera kwa thupi

The zikuchokera mankhwala

Augmentin imakhala ndi zigawo zikuluzikulu ziwiri zomwe zimafotokoza phindu la mankhwalawa. Izi zikuphatikiza:

• Amoxicillin ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo ochepa. Amawononga tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tambiri, tonse tili tinthu tambiri ta gramu ndi gram-negative. Ngakhale zili ndi zinthu zake zabwino, mankhwalawo ali ndi phindu lalikulu. Amoxicillin amakhudzidwa ndi beta-lactamases. Ndiye kuti, sizikhudza tizilombo tomwe timapanga enzymeyi.
• Clavulanic acid - umalimbana kuti awonjezere zochita za antibayotiki. Izi zimakhudzana ndi ma penicillin maantibayotiki. Ndi beta-lactamase inhibitor, yomwe imathandiza kuteteza amoxicillin kuti isawonongedwe.

Mlingo wa mankhwalawa

Augmentin ili ndi magawo awiri. Chiwerengero chawo chimawonetsedwa pamapiritsi kapena kuyimitsidwa. Ponena za ufa woyimitsidwa, zonenedwazo ndi motere:

• Augmentin 400 - ili ndi 400 mg ya amoxicillin ndi 57 mg ya clavulanic acid mu 5 ml ya antiotic,
• Augmentin 200 - ili ndi 200 mg ya amoxicillin ndi 28,5 mg wa acid,
• Augmentin 125 - mamililita 5 a mankhwalawa ali ndi 125 mg ya amoxicillin ndi 31.25 mg wa clavulanic acid.

Mapiritsi amatha kukhala ndi 500 mg ndi 100 mg ya amoxicillin ndi 100 kapena 200 mg ya clavulanic acid, motsatana.

Kodi maantibayotiki amatulutsidwa mwa mtundu uti?

Pali mitundu ingapo ya mankhwala omwe amapezeka. Umu ndi mankhwala omwewo, koma amasiyana muyezo wa zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mtundu wa kumasulidwa (mapiritsi, kuyimitsidwa kapena ufa pakukonzekera jakisoni).

1. Augmentin - akupezeka mu mawonekedwe am'mapiritsi amkamwa, kuyimitsidwa kwa ana ndi ufa wopanga jakisoni,
2. Augmentin EC ndi ufa woyimitsidwa. Amalandira ana osakwana zaka 12 kapena akulu omwe pazifukwa zosiyanasiyana sangathe kumeza mapiritsi,
3. Augmentin SR ndi piritsi yothandizira pakamwa. Amakhala ndi mphamvu yokhalitsa komanso kumasulidwa kwazomwe zimagwira.

Momwe mungakonzekere kuyimitsidwa

Augmentin mu fomu yoyimitsa imakonzedwa nthawi yoyamba isanakwane. Fomu yovutitsidwa, imasungidwa mufiriji osapitilira masiku 7. Nthawi imeneyi, mankhwalawa sangathe kugwiritsidwa ntchito.

Kukonzekera kwa "Augmentin 400" kapena kuyimitsidwa 200 kumachitika molingana ndi chiwembuchi:

1. Tsegulani botolo ndikutsanulira mamililita 40 a madzi owiritsa, osakhazikika m'chipinda.
2. Gwedezani bwino vial mpaka ufa utasungunuka kwathunthu. Siyani kwa mphindi zisanu.
3. Pambuyo pa nthawi iyi, kutsanulira madzi owiritsa mpaka chizindikiro chomwe chatchulidwa pa botolo. Gwedezani mankhwalawa.
4. Zoyimira mamilimita 64 zoyimitsidwa ziyenera kupezeka.

Kuyimitsidwa kwa Augmentin 125 kukonzedwa m'njira yosiyanako. Mu botolo, muyenera kuthira mamililita 60 a madzi owiritsa pamoto. Gwedezani bwino ndikulola kuti amve kwa mphindi zisanu. Kenako muyenera kuwonjezera madzi ena, ndikuwathira kumaka, omwe akuwonetsedwa m'botolo. Sungunulani zomwe zalembedwanso. Zotsatira zake ndi mamilimita 92 a antibayotiki.

Kuchuluka kwa madzi kumatha kuyeza ndi chipewa choyeza. Amamangiriridwa m'botolo, mumapaketi pamodzi ndi malangizo ndi chotengera chomwe chili ndi antiotic. Mukatha kukonzekera, mankhwalawo ayenera kusungidwa. Iyenera kusungidwa pamtunda wosachepera 12 madigiri.

Yang'anani! Ufa sungathe kutsanulidwa kuchokera pambale kuchokera m'chiwiya china. Izi zikuthandizira kuti maantibayotiki sangakhale ndi zotsatira zabwino.

Malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito

Kuyimitsidwa kwamaliridwe kumayesedwa pogwiritsa ntchito syringe kapena chikho choyeza, chomwe chimabwera ndi zida. Mankhwalawa amawathira supuni, koma mumatha kumwa ndi kapu. Mukatenga, muzitsuka pansi pa madzi oyera ndi ofunda. Ngati zikuvuta kuti mwana atenge kuyimitsidwa koyenera, ndiye kuti amatha kusungunuka m'madzi muyezo wa 1 mpaka 1. Koma poyamba, kuchuluka kofunikira kwa maantibayotiki kuyenera kukonzekera. Augmentin amatengedwa bwino musanadye. Izi zimachepetsa kuwonongeka kwa mankhwalawa pamtumbo.

Kuwerengera kwa mankhwalawa kumapangidwa kutengera zaka, kulemera kwa mwana komanso kuchuluka kwa zinthu zomwe zimagwira.

Augmentin 125 mg

• Ana osakwana zaka 2 mpaka 5 makilogalamu kumwa 1.5,5,5 ml ya Augmentin katatu patsiku,
• Ana kuyambira wazaka 1 mpaka zaka 5, masekeli 5 mpaka 9, amatenga 5 ml katatu patsiku,
• Ana a zaka zoyambira 1 mpaka 5, amalemera makilogalamu 10 mpaka 18, azimwa 10 ml ya antibayotiki katatu patsiku,
• Ana okalamba, kuyambira zaka 6 mpaka 9, kulemera pafupifupi makilogalamu 19 mpaka 28, kumwa 15 ml katatu pa tsiku,
• Ana a zaka zapakati pa 10 mpaka 12 olemera kilogalamu 29 - 39 amamwa mamililita 20 a antibayotiki katatu patsiku.

Augmentin 400

• Ana kuyambira chaka chimodzi mpaka zaka 5 amalimbikitsidwa kumwa 5 ml ya mankhwalawa kawiri pa tsiku. Kulemera kwakukulu kwama kilogalamu 10 mpaka 18,
• Ana kuyambira wazaka 6 mpaka 9 ayenera kumwa ma millil 7.5 kawiri pa tsiku. Kulemera kwa ana kuyenera kugwera pamakilomita 19 mpaka 28,
• Ana kuyambira azaka zapakati pa 10 mpaka 12 azigwiritsa ntchito mamilimita 10 kawiri pa tsiku. Kulemera kwakukulu kumayambira pa 29 mpaka 39 kilogalamu.

Yang'anani! Mlingo weniweni umasinthidwa ndi adokotala. Zimatengera kuchuluka kwake kwamatenda, contraindication ndi zina zina.

Ngati mwana ali wochepera miyezi itatu

Mu makanda obadwa kumene omwe sanakwanitse miyezi itatu, ntchito ya impso sinakhazikitsidwe. Kuwerengera kwa mankhwalawa kulemera kwa thupi kumawerengedwa ndi dokotala. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kumwa mankhwala 30 mg pa kilogalamu imodzi ya kulemera kwa mwana. Chiwerengerochi chimagawika pawiri ndipo mwana amapatsidwa mankhwalawa kawiri pa tsiku, maola 12 aliwonse.

Pafupifupi, zimapezeka kuti mwana wolemera makilogalamu asanu ndi limodzi amayikiratu mamililita 3,6 oimitsidwa kawiri pa tsiku.

Mapiritsi a Augmentin Mapiritsi

Mankhwala olimbana ndi mankhwalawa amaperekedwa kwa ana osakwana zaka 12, omwe thupi lawo limaposa 40 kilogalamu.

Kwa matenda ofatsa komanso olimbitsa thupi, tengani piritsi limodzi la 250 + 125 mg katatu patsiku. Amayenera kuledzera maola 8 aliwonse.

Kwa matenda oopsa, imwani piritsi limodzi 500 + 125 mg maola 8 aliwonse kapena piritsi limodzi 875 + 125 mg maola 12 aliwonse.

Ngati kuyimitsidwa kumagwiritsidwa ntchito

Maphunziro ocheperako kwa ana ndi masiku 5, kutalika kwake ndi kwa masiku 14. Koma mulimonsemo, kugwiritsa ntchito maantibayotiki kuyenera kuyang'aniridwa ndi adokotala. Augmentin akulimbikitsidwa kuti azigwiritsidwa ntchito pazotsatirazi:

• Ngati matenda am'mimba akupumira komanso ziwalo za ENT (makutu, pakhosi kapena pamphuno) zapezeka,
• Ndi zotupa zam'munsi zopumira (bronchi kapena mapapu),
• Augmentin akulimbikitsidwa kuti azigwiritsidwa ntchito pa matenda a genitourinary system. Poterepa, nthawi zambiri timalankhula za akulu kapena ana okalamba. Nthawi zambiri, maantibayotiki amagwiritsidwa ntchito ku cystitis, urethritis, vaginitis, etc.
• Ndi matenda a pakhungu (zithupsa, ma abscesses, phlegmon) ndi kutupa m'mafupa ndi mafupa (osteomyelitis),
• Ngati odwala apezeka ndi matenda amodzimodzi (periodontitis kapena maxillary abscesses),
• Ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya matenda - cholecystitis, matenda opatsirana.

Yang'anani! Kugwiritsa ntchito maantibayotiki ngati jakisoni wolembedwa pakanthawi ya ntchito.

Kodi contraindication ndi mavuto?

Mankhwalawa ali ndi zolephera zingapo pakugwiritsa ntchito komanso mavuto. Sizingagwiritsidwe ntchito zotsatirazi:

1. Ngati odwala sagwirizana ndi amoxicillin kapena clavulanic acid. Ngati zotsatira zoyipa za mankhwala a penicillin a mtundu wina zinawonedwa kale, Augmentin nayonso sayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito.
2. Ngati munthawi ya kudya amoxicillin, milandu ya chiwindi kapena impso inalembedwa.
3. Anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la impso kapena chiwindi, ana omwe ali ndi hemodialysis ayenera kuyandikira kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa. Mlingo wokhudzana ndi zoterezi umangotchulidwa ndi dokotala wokha.

Zotsatira zoyipa zingaphatikizepo kusagwira bwino ntchito kwam'mimba dongosolo (lingafotokozedwe ndi kusanza, kusanza, kutsegula m'mimba, kupweteka m'mimba). Mawonetsero omwe angakhalepo a candidiasis, mutu, chizungulire. Nthawi zina khanda limakhala lathanzi, amasokonezeka chifukwa cha kusowa tulo komanso kusangalala. Kuchokera pakhungu - totupa, mng'oma, kuyabwa kwambiri ndi kuyaka.

Zothandiza

1. Kuyimitsidwa kwa Augmentin kuyenera kukonzedwa. Tinthu tating'onoting'ono timakhala pansi, kotero botolo la mankhwala liyenera kugwedezeka musanadye. Mankhwala amayeza ndi chikho choyeza kapena syringe wamba. Mukatha kugwiritsa ntchito, ayenera kutsukidwa pansi pa madzi ofunda.
2. Mankhwala amtundu uliwonse amagulitsidwa ku malo ogulitsa mankhwala;
3. Mtengo wamba wa kuyimitsidwa umadalira dera komanso ndondomeko yamapulogalamu. Nthawi zambiri amayamba kuchokera kuma ruble 225.
4. Kutenga maantibayotiki tikulimbikitsidwa pokhapokha ngati dokotala akutsimikiza. Mankhwala ochepetsa mphamvu ya antibacterial ndi mankhwala oopsa, kumwa popanda mankhwala kungayambitse zotsatira zoyipa.
5. Monga mankhwala aliwonse, Augmentin ali ndi fanizo. Awa ndi Solyutab, Amoksiklav ndi Ekoklav.
6. Mankhwala obwera chifukwa cha mankhwalawa amayambitsa dysbiosis yamatumbo, kotero muyenera kumwa zamankhwala osokoneza bongo mukamamwa mankhwalawo, kapena kumwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo mankhwala atatha.

Pomaliza

Augmentin kwa ana ndi mankhwala ophatikiza pamodzi. Amathandizanso kumatenda osiyanasiyana, onse kupuma thirakiti ndi machitidwe ena a thupi. Mlingo wa Augmentin zimatengera zaka za mwana, kulemera kwake, kuuma kwa matendawa, contraindication ndi zina. Mukamamwa mankhwalawa, muyenera kuyang'aniridwa ndi dokotala.

Kumbukirani kuti dokotala yekha ndi amene angadziwitse moyenera, musamayesere osayang'ana ndi kudziwa dokotala woyenera. Khalani athanzi!