Matenda a shuga

Kuti mukhale ndi thanzi labwino, kukhalabe ndi ntchito yayitali komanso kupewa zovuta, wodwala yemwe ali ndi matenda ashuga ayenera kuthandizanso chithandizo chapadera komanso njira zopewera pamoyo watsiku ndi tsiku. Malamulo onsewa amaphatikizidwa kukhala chithunzi cha matenda ashuga. Malamulo oyambira a memo ndi awa:

1. Maziko othandizira mitundu yonse ya matenda ashuga ndi zakudya. Kufunika kwa mphamvu ya zakudya za tsiku ndi tsiku sikuyenera kupitirira mphamvu zenizeni, zomwe munthu wamkulu ndi 105-210 kJ (25-50 kcal) pa kilogalamu imodzi yakulemera kwa thupi. Ndi kuchuluka kwa thupi, mphamvu ya chakudya imachepetsedwa ndi 20-25%.

Kuwerengetsa kwamapuloteni, mafuta ndi chakudya m'zakudya: mapuloteni - 15-20%, mafuta - 25-30%, chakudya - 50-55% ndi mphamvu yamphamvu, 1 / 0.75 / 3.5 polemera.

Ndi mphamvu ya chakudya cha 1050 kJ (2500 kcal), imayenera kukhala ndi mapuloteni 100, 70-75 g wamafuta, 300-370 g wama chakudya, kuphatikiza masamba 25-30.

Shuga, confectionery pa shuga, semolina, mafuta ndi soseji zosuta, mowa, mowa, mphesa, zipatso zamasamba pa shuga ziyenera kusiyidwa ndi zakudya za tsiku ndi tsiku. Muchepetse zakudya zamafuta kwambiri (zakudya zophika, mbatata ndi chimanga, mitundu ya zipatso zotsekemera, mafuta). Zakudya ziyenera kuphatikizapo zamasamba, zipatso, mkaka, tchizi choko.

Kudya panthawi yofotokozedwa mosamalitsa ndikumayambitsa insulin ndikofunikira kwambiri: pambuyo pobayira jekeseni wa insulin - pambuyo pa mphindi 15-20 pambuyo pa maola 3-3,5. Mankhwalawa insulin yayitali-kuyimitsidwa (kuyimitsidwa kwa zinc-insulin, etc.), chakudya chimayenera kutengedwa m'mawa mutatha kubayidwa, ndiye kuti maola 3.5-4 aliwonse ndi mphindi 40-60 asanagone.

2. Njira yodziwika bwino ya matenda ashuga ndiyofunika. Kukwera kwam'mawa, ntchito yogwira ntchito (kuphunzira), kuwongolera insulin, kudya ndi kumwa mankhwala, kupuma mwachangu, kugona musanachitike. Pewani kugwira ntchito mopitilira muyeso. Lamlungu liyenera kukhala lopanda ntchito za tsiku ndi tsiku komanso zogwiritsidwa ntchito panja.

3. Tsatirani njira zaukhondo komanso zaukhondo. Maphunziro olimbitsa thupi, masewera (osati mitundu yamagetsi) amakhala ndi phindu pamapulogalamu, zimathandizira kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa chakudya, kuchepetsa kufunika kwa insulini, kuchepetsa matendawa, ndikuwonjezera mphamvu. Mowa, kusuta sikuvomerezeka.

4. Mankhwala ochepetsa shuga ayenera kumwedwa nthawi yovomerezeka. M'malo mongomanga mankhwalawa, kusintha kwa mlingo, kapenanso kuposa kotero kuletsa kwawo sikovomerezeka popanda chidziwitso cha dokotala. Imwani mankhwala akumwa (mapiritsi) mukatha kudya.

5. Khalani oyera ndi osabala popereka insulin. Masamba a jakisoni ayenera kusinthidwa kuti jakisoni wobwereza womwewo mgawo lomwelo asapitirire nthawi 1-2 pamwezi.

6. Odwala omwe amalandira insulin amatha kukhala ndi vuto la hypoglycemic, zomwe zimafooka, manja akunjenjemera, thukuta, kutuluka kwa milomo, lilime, njala, kukomoka, mpaka kufika poti sakumva bwino (hypoglycemic coma). Kukula kwa zinthu ngati izi kumathandizidwa ndi chakudya chosakonzekera kapena chosakwanira, kuyambitsa kuchuluka kwa insulin, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi mopitirira muyeso. Kuti muthane ndi hypoglycemia pachimake, ndikofunikira kudya chidutswa cha mkate, makeke, shuga, maswiti, omwe wodwalayo ayenera kukhala nawo nthawi zonse.

7. Matenda opatsirana opatsirana, kusakhazikika komanso kusakwanira kwa insulin, kutopa kwamaganizidwe ndi thupi, kuphwanya kwamalamulo azakudya tsiku ndi tsiku, komanso zina, zitha kuyambitsa kukulira matendawa komanso kukula kwa chikomokere cha matenda ashuga.

8.Posankha ntchito ndi ntchito kwa wodwala yemwe ali ndi matenda ashuga, malire chifukwa cha mawonekedwe a matendawa, kufunika koteteza zovuta zake komanso kulumala koyambirira kuyenera kukumbukiridwa.

9. Matenda a shuga opatsirana samalepheretsa ukwati komanso moyo wabanja wamba. Kuti muzitha kuzindikira komanso kupewa kukula kwa matenda osokoneza bongo, ndikofunikira kuti nthawi ndi nthawi (kawiri pachaka) musanthule ana awo.

10. Pofuna kupewa zovuta, zomwe zilonda zam'maso zambiri, impso, chiwindi, miyendo, matenda amanjenje, mano, wodwala yemwe ali ndi matenda ashuga amayenera kuyang'aniridwa nthawi zonse.

Zizindikiro zowonjezera matenda a shuga zikuphatikizapo: kukhala bwino, kulumala mosalekeza, kusowa kwa ludzu, pakamwa kowuma, palibe zizindikiro zowonongeka m'maso, impso, chiwindi, mantha am'miyendo, miyendo, pakamwa patsekeke, kuponyera kwa 1.5-2 malita a mkodzo patsiku komanso kusowa kapena mumakhala shuga, m'magazi mpaka 11 mmol / l (200 mg%) popanda kusinthasintha kowopsa m'munsi mwake masana.

Wodwala matenda ashuga ayenera kukhala naye nthawi zonse ndikusungika “Khadi la wodwala yemwe ali ndi matenda ashuga”, lofunikira popereka chithandizo chamankhwala chanthawi yake ngati akukhala wopanda vuto.

Tsamba ili la wodwala yemwe ali ndi matenda ashuga limakhala ngati lingaliro labwino lothana ndi matendawa.

Ndondomeko ya odwala matenda ashuga

Wodwala wodwala matenda ashuga ayenera kutsatira dongosolo lowoneka bwino la insulin kapena kumwa mapiritsi ndi kudya - malinga ndi nthawi ya kudya, kuchuluka ndi kapangidwe kazakudya. Ganizirani malo onse omwe simungatenge insulini ndikuganizira zomwe mungachite.

Zofunika! Khalani ndi zida zothandizira odwala matenda ashuga

Payenera kukhala ndi madzi a odwala matenda ashuga pa insulin kuti ateteze hypoglycemia.

• zidutswa khumi za shuga
• botolo la mandimu (Pepsi, fanta, etc.) kapena lokoma
  0,5 lita imodzi
• mmodzi kapena awiri maapulo
• makeke okoma 150-200 magalamu,
• masangweji pa mkate wakuda osachepera awiri.

Anthu odwala matenda ashuga omwe ali ndi insulin sayenera kumva njala, ikhoza kukhala chizindikiro cha hypoglycemia.

Odwala sangaperekedwe; odwala matenda ashuga ayenera kumvetsetsa chakudya momwe kuchuluka kwa chakudya, mapuloteni ndi mafuta. Izi kapena chinthucho komanso ndi liwiro lotani lomwe limakweza shuga m'magazi.

Muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito zotsekemera ndikukonzekera zakudya zapadera za anthu odwala matenda ashuga.

Muyenera kukonzekera bwino zochitika zilizonse zolimbitsa thupi, kuyambira kuwala (kuyeretsa pang'ono nyumbayo, kuyenda ma kilomita awiri) kupita ku zolemera - kukokera ndi kuponyera miyeso kwa maola awiri mpaka atatu, masewera owonjezera. Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi a shuga ndikofunikira kwenikweni, chifukwa amasunga kamvekedwe ka thupi ndikuchepetsa shuga m'magazi, koma katundu uyu ayenera kukhala wopepuka kapena wapakatikati, koma osakhumudwitsa.

Diary ya diabetes

Odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga azisunga zolemba, azitchula kangapo:

• Mlingo wa insulin
• nthawi ndi kapangidwe kake kakudya kalikonse, kusintha kwa zomwe zadyedwa m'magawo a mkate (ndithudi, tsiku lomwe mumayesa mayeso),
• kusanthula nthawi ndi shuga wamagazi omwe mumayeza pogwiritsa ntchito glucometer, kulemera kwanu komanso kuthamanga kwa magazi,
• mankhwala ndi mavitamini omwe amateteza ku zovuta za matenda ashuga - zomwe zimachitika kwenikweni, nthawi yanji, komanso
• acute diabetesic zovuta (hyperglycemia ndi hypoglycemia) zomwe zidachitika nanu, komanso kuwunika kwa zomwe zidapangitsa.

Muyenera kudziwa luso la kasamalidwe ka matenda ashuga - choyambirira, phunzirani kugwiritsa ntchito glucometer, komanso zingwe kuti muwone zomwe zili mumkodzo ndi magazi.

Muyenera kukonza kulemera kwanu, ndipo chifukwa cha izi muyenera masikelo apansi.

Katundu Woletsedwa

Chiwerengero cha zinthu zomwe odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga 1 amayenera kuthetsedwa, ndipo mtundu wachiwiri uyenera kuchepetsedwa, akuphatikiza zinthu zonse zam'magazi, zomwe zimaphatikizapo shuga, fructose ndi wowuma: mbatata,

• confectionery (kuphatikizapo chizindikiro "cha odwala matenda ashuga"),
• shuga (loyera ndi loyera),
• buledi (tirigu wathunthu ndi chigwa),
• mpunga ndi chimanga
• granola, pasitala, zipatso,
• zophatikiza ndi shuga (mwachitsanzo mphesa)
• mitundu ina ya chakudya.

Kit Aid Aid Cha odwala matenda ashuga

Pofuna kupewa zovuta za matenda ashuga komanso osachiritsika, ndikofunikira kumanganso ndikusinthanso "zida zanu" zamankhwala. Momwe mungasonkhanitsire kwathunthu komanso malo osungira mankhwala? Nkhani zothandizira

Kabati yamankhwala imayenera kukhala ndi mapiritsi angapo a shuga a piritsi, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuletsa hypoglycemia Kudya shuga, uchi, maswiti kapena ayi kunyumba sikofunikira. Glucose iyenera kukhala. Moyo wa munthu wodwala matenda ashuga nthawi zambiri umadalira kupezeka kwake.

Nambala 3. Nitroglycerin

Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pothandiza kuthana ndi matenda a angina (angina pectoris ndimatenda a shuga). Kuukira kungachitike kwa nthawi yoyamba, kupumula kapena kusokonezeka (kupweteka pachifuwa). Kutenga nitroglycerin nthawi zambiri kumachepetsa ululu. Ngati sichoncho, kapena kuwukira kochepera mphindi imodzi, ndiye kuti ziyenera kukhazikitsidwa (kapamba, osteochondrosis, mpweya m'matumbo, ndi zina).

Na. 5. Zothandiza

Laxative (makandulo, tsamba la hayala, bark wa barkthorn, ndi zina). Mu matenda a shuga, kudzimbidwa kwa nthawi yayitali sikungalekerewere. Amatha kuyambitsa kuvulala kwamatumbo (kusweka kwa nyerere, magazi). Kuchira kwawo kumakhala kovuta kwambiri.

Kukonzekera kovuta kwa vitamini kumapangitsa kuti kagayidwe kake kagayidwe komanso kusintha (kubwezeretsa) kwamitsempha yamagazi (kusintha kayendedwe ka magazi). Ndi matenda ashuga, zombo zimavutika (mawonekedwe awowo akuipiraipira). Chifukwa chake, kugwiritsa ntchito AEvita kumakhala chofunikira.

Ayi. 11. Adrenergic blockers othandizira (anaprilin, propranolol, verapamil)

Sinthani kuperekera kwa okosijeni kumisempha yamtima. Ntchito kuchepetsa mavuto a tachycardia. Nthawi zina, ndikuphwanya mzere wamtima, iwo amatengedwa nthawi zonse. Anaprilin (propranolol) ali ndi zotsutsana zingapo. Ikatengedwa, zizindikiro za hypoglycemia (kusowa kwa kugunda kwa mtima) zingabisike. Mankhwalawa a shuga omwe ali ndi kukonzekera kwa sulufayidi (glibenclamide, manninyl, ndi zina), anaprilin sagwiritsidwa ntchito. Pali umboni kuti anaprilin amachepetsa kupanga kwa insulin ndi kapamba. Adrenoblockers, ngati kuli kotheka, ayenera kuikidwa ndi mtima.

Chitsogozo cha Odwala Odwala: Zowunikira

Chifukwa chake, chikumbutso cha odwala matenda ashuga chikuphatikiza malamulo otsatirawa:

• Anthu odwala matenda ashuga ayenera kumvetsetsa mankhwala ndi cholinga chawo,
• odwala matenda ashuga amtundu wa 1 amafuna mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya insulini (kuchitapo kanthu mwachangu komanso motalika), ndipo odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a 2 amafunikira mankhwala omwe amachepetsa shuga m'magazi,
• odwala matenda a shuga a mitundu yonse iwiri amafunikira mankhwala ofanana kuti apewe zovuta (zotengera, mtima, impso ndi maso nthawi zambiri amavutika). Zimafunikanso kulimbikitsa okhazikika kwakanthawi kokhazikika komwe kumalimbitsa thupi ndi mavitamini ndi mchere,
• anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga amafunikira kuwongoleredwa pamankhwala, komanso malamulo ogwiritsira ntchito insulin ndi zizindikiro zomwe zikuwonetsa kuyandikira kwa hypo- ndi hyperglycemia. Ndikofunika kwambiri kukhala nanu nthawi zonse njira zomwe zingachotse zowopsa,
• kudya ndikofunikira. Kugwiritsidwa ntchito molakwika kwa zinthu zilizonse kapena kuwonongera kwathunthu kwa chakudya sikuvomerezeka.

Palinso malingaliro osiyana pa odwala omwe ali ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya matenda ashuga:

• Mtundu 1. Anthu odwala matenda ashuga omwe ali ndi mtundu woyamba wa shuga ayenera kutsatira dongosolo lokhazikika la insulin.Kupanda kutero, chiopsezo cha hypoglycemia chimawonjezeka chifukwa chokwanira kuchuluka kwa mankhwala. Khalani ndi jakisoni wa insulin nthawi zonse nanu! Zofunikanso kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda amtundu wa 1 ndikuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa shuga kunyumba pogwiritsa ntchito glucometer, komanso kutsatira kwambiri zakudya ndi zakudya,
• Mitundu iwiri. Anthu odwala matenda ashuga amtundu wa 2 amadwala matenda omwe amadzisankhira okha, motero amapatsidwa jakisoni wa insulini pokhapokha (nthawi zambiri njira zoterezi zimafunikira kwa anthu achikulire omwe samawongolera shuga komanso samamwa mankhwala aliwonse). Odwala oterewa amafunika kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo nthawi zonse, komanso zakudya. Kuyeza kwatsiku ndi tsiku milingo ya shuga kunyumba ndi mtundu wa 2 shuga kumafunikiranso.

Maupangiri a Zaumoyo

Zakudya zamafuta osavuta, zomwe thupi limamwa mwachangu mokwanira, zomwe zimapangitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga, ndizowopsa ku thanzi ndi moyo wa munthu wodwala matenda ashuga. Odwala ayenera kutsatira zakudya ndikudziwa za zakudya zomwe zimapangidwa (momwe amapangira, zopatsa mphamvu, kuchuluka kwa chidwi, katundu wa hypoglycemic ndi maubwino).

Ndikofunikira kuti odwala matenda ashuga azidya pang'ono, m'malo ochepa, mpaka 5-6 patsiku. Kudya pafupipafupi kwa magawo ang'onoang'ono kumapangitsa kuti shuga azikhazikika komanso kuti muchepetse kudumpha pazizindikirozi. Pankhaniyi, kudya kwambiri aliyense osavomerezeka, popeza kudya kwambiri kumayambitsa hyperglycemia.

Komanso, odwala matenda ashuga ayenera kupatula njala. Kuperewera kwa chakudya chapanthawi yake kumayambitsa hypoglycemia, umboni woyamba womwe umakhala kumva njala.

Mu 20s ya zaka za zana la 20, akatswiri adapanga chidule cha malamulo azakudya kwa odwala matenda ashuga, momwe amalolera ndi

Zinthu zoletsedwa kwa odwala matenda ashuga

. Mndandandawu umawonedwa ngati wolondola ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi akatswiri mpaka lero.

Chakudya chopatsa thanzi

Malonda omwe adalandiridwa ndi monga:

• phala (tirigu, barele, barele, ngale),
• mankhwala a ufa (yophika ndi chinangwa kapena ufa wa buckwheat),
• masamba (dzungu, kabichi, biringanya, zukini),
• nyemba (nandolo ndi nyemba)
• chipatso (maapulo, malalanje ndi ena omwe ali ndi shuga wochepa).

Izi zimatha kudyedwa tsiku ndi tsiku, osawopa kukwera kwakukulu kwa glucose mpaka magawo owopsa.

Mawonekedwe a moyo wa odwala matenda ashuga

Odwala a shuga amafunikira kutsatira mosamalitsa zochitika za tsiku ndi tsiku.

Kudzuka, ntchito, insulin, mankhwala, chakudya, nthawi yogona ndi ntchito zina zofunika ziyenera kuchitika pa nthawi yokhazikika.

Kutopa sikuyenera kuloledwa, m'maganizo komanso m'thupi.. Loweruka ndi sabata, muyenera kupumula ku zovuta ndi zochitika za tsiku ndi tsiku.

Kutsatira malamulo a ukhondo wa panokha komanso kunyumba ndikofunikira.

Anthu odwala matenda ashuga ayenera kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi pafupipafupi. Kuyenda, kusambira, kuyeza njinga, kuyenda kwamadzulo ndi zochitika zina zimathandizira kukhazikika kwamisempha.

Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga kumapeweka kwambiri, chifukwa nthawi ya aerobic kapena yowonjezera thupi, shuga amatha kusinthasintha.

Pofuna kuteteza motsutsana ndi zoopsa, wodwalayo ayenera kukhala ndi zida zothandizira odwala matenda ashuga, komanso zakudya zofunikira kuti athetse hypoglycemia (zidutswa 10 za shuga, malita 0,5 a tiyi wokoma, makeke okoma a kuchuluka kwa 150-200 g, masangweji awiri pamtanda wakuda ndi zina zotero. kupitilira).

Kulandila kwa mankhwala omwe ali ndi hypoglycemic katundu kumachitika nthawi zonse. Zomwezo zimagwiranso ntchito ndi jakisoni wa insulin.

Kugwiritsa ntchito glucometer, komwe mumatha kuyeza kuchuluka kwa shuga kunyumba, ndikofunikira.

Kupewa kwa Matenda A shuga

amakhala ndi kukonza moyo komanso kutsatira malangizo a dokotala.

Tikuyankhula za kapangidwe koyenera ka zakudya, miyezo yokhazikika komanso kupewa kuteteza kapena kutsitsa glucose kuti ikhale yovuta, kuyesetsa kwaukhondo komanso kuyenera kwa ukhondo.

Komanso, pofuna kupewa zovuta, odwala amafunika kudziwa bwino zomwe zithandizire kuzindikira njira yoopsa (hyper- and hypoglycemia), komanso malamulo a thandizo loyamba. Komanso, chidziwitso chofunikira chikufunika ndi abale a wodwalayo.

Makanema okhudzana nawo

Malamulo 10 apamwamba a anthu odwala matenda ashuga omwe ali mu vidiyo:

Mutha kukhala ndi matenda ashuga, koma muyenera kuphunzira izi. Kuti mudziwe zambiri pankhaniyi, muyenera kupita ku masukulu apadera ku polyclinics yamzinda.

Ngati palibe mwayi wopezeka m'makalasi, kudziphunzira pawokha kumavomerezedwa. Koma ndikofunikira kuchita izi moyang'aniridwa ndi adotolo, kuti asawononge thanzi lawo komanso osayambitsa zovuta zina za matenda ashuga.

Kukonzekera Pazakudya Za odwala Matenda A Shuga

1. Yesani kusinthanitsa zakudya zanu ndikugwiritsa ntchito zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba mwachangu, pogwiritsa ntchito mfundo za utawaleza - chiwerengero chochuluka cha maluwa pa mbale imodzi!
2. Gwiritsani ntchito masamba osaphika ngati chakudya cham'mbali: sipinachi, kaloti, broccoli, nyemba zobiriwira ndi nandolo.
3. Mukamasankha zakudya zopukusa chakudya pang'onopang'ono, muzikonda mbewu zonse. Ngati mpunga ndi wofiirira. Ngati pasitala ikuchokera ku tirigu wa durum.
4. Gwiritsani ntchito legamu pakudya kwanu.
5. Idyani nyama yotsalira ndi mwanawankhosa. Musaiwale kuti nkhuku ndi nsomba.
6. Musaiwale kuphatikiza mafuta a mkaka otsika mu chakudya cham'mawa: mkaka, yogati, tchizi.
7. Pophika, gwiritsani ntchito mafuta ochepa a masamba mu mawonekedwe amadzimadzi.
8. Chepetsani kudya kwanu kwamchere kwa 3800 mg patsiku.
9. Kudya kwa cholesterol kuyenera kutsitsidwa kwa 200 mg patsiku.
10. Sungani kukula.

Malangizo pakusintha zinthu kukhala zigawo zama mkate

Mikate yophika ndi mkate *

* Zowina, zikondamoyo, zikondamoyo, ma pie, cheesecakes, ma dumplings, ma airball amakhalanso ndi ma carbohydrate, koma kuchuluka kwa XE kutengera chinsinsi ndi kukula kwa malonda ake.

Pasitala

* Mu mawonekedwe osaphika, mu mawonekedwe owiritsa, 1 XE ili mu 2-4 tbsp. supuni ya mankhwala (50 g), kutengera mtundu wa chinthu.

Mbale, chimanga, ufa

* Mbewu zosaphika, zophika (phala) 1 XE zili 2 2. supuni yokhala ndi phiri (50 g).

Mbatata

Mkaka ndi mkaka zamadzi

Masamba, Nyemba, Mtedza

* Kutengera mtundu

Zipatso ndi zipatso (ndi miyala ndi peel)

Zinthu zina

Kuzindikira kwa matenda a shuga kwa ana kumveka koopsa komanso kodetsa nkhawa. Kuchita bwino kwa mankhwala kumafuna ntchito yambiri komanso kuleza mtima kwa makolo, chifukwa chithandizo cha insulin chokha chophatikiza ndi chakudya chimapereka zotsatira zoyenera. Zakudya zopatsa thanzi kwa shuga zizigwirizana ndi zofunikira zathupi zomwe zimaperekedwa pakubala, pomwe chakudya chokwanira m'mimba chimayenera kuchotsedwa kwathunthu, mafuta ayenera kukhala ochepa, ndipo mphamvu zamagetsi zatsiku ndi tsiku ziyenera kusamalidwa ndikuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni a nyama ndi masamba. Nthawi zina, thanzi la mwana wodwala limatha kulipiriridwa ndi chakudya chimodzi chokha.

Pofikira kukonzekera kwa mwana yemwe ali ndi matenda osokoneza bongo a shuga, ndikofunikira kukumbukira kuti ichi ndi chiwalo chofalikira, ndipo sichifunikira michere ina, mavitamini olimbitsa thupi, malingaliro ndi kugonana, kukhalabe ndi magwiridwe antchito a chitetezo chathupi. Kuchuluka kwa zosakaniza zikuluzikulu kuyenera kukhala zofanana ndi zikhalidwe, kutalika ndi kulemera kwa thupi.

Zowonetsedwa ndi Zopatula

1. Nyama, nkhuku, nsomba. Ng ombe yokhala ndi mafuta ochepa, mwanawankhosa, nyama yamwana wamchere, kalulu, nkhumba, nsomba zamafuta ochepa, lilime, m'chiwindi chochepa kwambiri, nkhuku yokhala ndi mafuta ochepa komanso Turkey. Mutha kumathandizanso mwana wanu kumasuka kwa matenda ashuga komanso zakudya. Zopanda: mafuta onenepa ndi osuta, nsomba zamafuta, bakha ndi tsekwe, masamba osuta, zakudya zamzitini, caviar.
2. Zinthu zamkaka. Mutha kudya mkaka, tchizi chamafuta ochepa, tchizi chamafuta ochepa, mkaka, wowerengeka wowawasa. Kirimu, mkaka wamafuta, mafuta okometsera, zotsekemera zotsekemera zimaperekedwa kunja.
3. Mafuta. Batala ndi mafuta a masamba amaloledwa. Mafuta ochokera ku nyama, margarine samachotsedwa.
4. Mazira. Dzira limodzi patsiku. Chepetsa kapena chotsani zolks palimodzi. Popeza pali zoletsa pa mazira, ndibwino kuwaphatikiza ndi mbale zina - saladi, zikondamoyo, casseroles.
5. Supu Mitundu yonse ya supu zamasamba imaloledwa - borsch, supu ya beetroot, msuzi wa kabichi, okroshka, soups pa nyama ndi msuzi wa bowa. Supu yamkaka ndi kuwonjezera kwa semolina, mpunga, pasitala, msuzi wamafuta samayikidwa.
6. Zakudya monga chimanga ndi ufa. Zakudya monga chakudya ndi chakudya, motero muyenera kuzidya monga mbali yoletsa chakudya. Ndikofunika kuti muzidya tirigu osaposa kamodzi patsiku. Mutha kumadya balere, barele, mapira, barele wa pearl, oatmeal. Miyendo imaloledwa. Mkate umaloledwa rye, tirigu ndi chinangwa, tirigu kuchokera ufa pansi pansi gawo lachiwiri, protein-tirigu.

Ana omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga ayenera kuyang'anitsitsa zakudya zawo.

Malamulo ochepa mukamadya ufa:

• osamadya msuzi wa pasitala ndi mbatata nthawi yomweyo,
• pambuyo pa mbale za ufa (pasitala, ma dengu, zikondamoyo), mbatata, ndibwino kudya saladi wamasamba wa kaloti kapena kabichi, CHIKWANGWANI chomwe ali nacho chimachepetsa kuyamwa kwa chakudya,
• Ndikofunika kuphatikiza mbatata ndi nkhaka ndi kabichi, koma osadya mkate, madeti, zoumba pambuyo podyera mbatata.

Buckwheat ndi oatmeal angagwiritsidwe ntchito pokonza zikondamoyo. Phala wa batala ndi puff, mpunga (makamaka yoyera), semolina, pasitala siziikika kapena yochepa.

1. Zamasamba. Masamba amayenera kupanga zakudya zambiri za tsiku ndi tsiku. Zothandiza kwambiri ndi zipatso zomwe zimakhala ndi mtundu wobiriwira komanso wobiriwira. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kudya kabichi, zukini, biringanya, dzungu, saladi, nkhaka, tomato nthawi zambiri kuposa masamba ena. Zipatso za Yerusalemu artichoke ndizothandiza kwambiri kwa odwala matenda ashuga, amachepetsa shuga. Mbatata ndizochepa. Marinade samachotsedwa.
2. Zipatso ndi maswiti. Amaloledwa kudya maapulo otsekemera ndi wowawasa, mapeyala, maula, mapichesi, mavwende, makangaza, zipatso za citrus, mango, currants, yamatcheri, yamatcheri, sitiroberi, mitundu iliyonse. Asanapereke kwa iwo, amayi iyenso ayenera kuyesa kuti zipatso ndi zipatso zisakhale zokoma kwambiri. Mutha kupatsa mwana wanu maswiti, okonzedwa pamaziko a shuga olowa mmalo ovomerezeka a uchi. Shuga, zophikira zophika pa shuga, chokoleti, mphesa, madeti, mphesa, ayisikilimu, nkhuyu siziyikidwa kunja. Zosafunikira, koma nthawi zina zovomerezeka nthochi, ma supimmon ndi maapozi.
3. Msuzi ndi zonunkhira. Msuzi wa phwetekere umaloledwa, m'mitundu yaying'ono, anyezi ndi adyo. Ndikofunikira kuchepetsa ana mumchere, mpiru, tsabola ndi horseradish. Zokometsera, zamafuta, zamchere siziyikidwa kunja.
4. Zakumwa. Zakudya zotsekemera za mphesa komanso zakumwa zokhala ndi shuga m'mafakitala sizimachotsedwa muzakudya za mwana. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito msuzi wa rosehip, zipatso za acidic popanda shuga (buluu, lingonberry, apulosi wobiriwira, blackcurrant, ndimu, lalanje, mphesa), dzungu lopangidwa kunyumba ndi timadziti tamatomati. Ziwisi zilizonse siziyenera kuperekedwa kuposa momwe zimakhalira msinkhu (pafupifupi galasi limodzi la ana osakwana zaka 6, ndipo osaposa magalasi 1.5 a ana a sukulu). Mwanayo adzapindulanso ndi tiyi komanso ma infusions kuchokera ku zitsamba zamankhwala zomwe zimachepetsa shuga, zimakhudza bwino ziwalo zamkati: tsamba la lingonberry, maluwa amtundu wabuluu, masamba a nettle, muzu wa dandelion, udzu wamapiri am'madzi, infusions kuchokera phulusa lamapiri, blackcurrant, vitamini chindapusa.

Zoyenera kuchita kwa makolo a ana odwala matenda ashuga

Chotsani zakudya zopatsa mphamvu kuchokera kuzakudya za mwana (shuga, maswiti, semolina ndi mpunga, ufa wa tirigu, misuzi ya zipatso zotsekemera, mwina mphesa, nthochi, zinanazi, ma Persimmons), m'malo mwa zomwe mwatulutsa ndi ma calorie ocheperako okhala ndi zophatikiza zazitali:

• ufa wa rye kapena tirigu yemweyo, koma ndikuphatikiza kwa chinangwa,
• ngale balere, oatmeal, buckwheat, mapira,
• masamba (kuphatikizapo mbatata), zipatso, zipatso.

Zindikirani! CHIKWANGWANI chimachepetsa mayamwidwe am'magazi, chimatsuka magazi a cholesterol. CHIKWANGWANI chimapezeka m'zakudya zosaphika, zopanda mafuta - ndiwo zamasamba, ufa wa wholemeal, ndi nyemba.

Ndikofunika kugwiritsa ntchito chimanga cha mwana wa matenda ashuga osaposa nthawi 1 patsiku.

Zakudya za calorie za tsiku ndi tsiku ziyenera kukhala zokhazikika.

Ganizirani zikhalidwe za mwana, makamaka maulamuliro m'banjamo. Aliyense m'banjamo wokhala ndi mwana yemwe ali ndi matenda a shuga ayenera kutsatira zakudya zomwe amadwala matenda ashuga, izi zimamuthandiza kukhala wamphamvu, osadzimva kuti ndi wopanda pake, osati ngati wina aliyense.

Mukamagwiritsa ntchito insulin yochepa, mafuta azakudya amayenera kuperekedwa kwa theka la ola pambuyo pake.

Mukamagwiritsa ntchito insulin ya nthawi yayitali - ola limodzi pambuyo pokhazikitsidwa kenako maola onse atatu.

Komanso, mukamagwiritsa ntchito insulin yayitali, payenera kukhala zakudya zazing'ono pakati pa zakudya zazikuluzikulu zitatu.

Musanayambe kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, muyenera kukhala ndi chakudya cham'maso.

Ngati palibe zovuta za matendawa, ndiye kuti kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni ndi mafuta patsiku kumatha kuwamwa malinga ndi chizolowezi cha zaka.

Mapuloteni, mafuta ndi chakudya chamagwiritsidwe ntchito 1: 0.8: 3. Ayenera kulowa m'thupi la mwana malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa zaka, kupatuka kwa osapitirira 10 g, shuga sayenera kupitilizidwa.

Sinthani mlingo wa insulin, malinga ndi zomwe zimapangitsa shuga, magazi, kudya, zolimbitsa thupi, kusintha kwa zakudya.

Kudyetsa dongosolo

• Chakudya cham'mawa - 7.30-8.00,
• Chakudya chamadzulo - 9.30-10.30,
• Chakudya chamadzulo - 13.00,
• Chakudya chamadzulo chamadzulo - 16.30-17.00,
• Chakudya chamadzulo - 19.00-20.00.

Kudya tsiku lililonse kuyenera kukhala nthawi yomweyo.

Kutalikirana kuchokera pakulimbikitsidwa komanso kudya zakudya zamagulu azakudya sayenera kupitirira mphindi 1520. Ngati sizingatheke kudya chakudya pa nthawi yoyenera, ndiye kuti ndibwino kuti muzidya mphindi 20 m'mbuyomu kuposa nthawi yofunikira.

Zakudya zopatsa mphamvu zimayenera kugawidwa bwino kuti mawotchi asana.

Ana a ana asukulu yasekondale omwe samapita ku kindergartens, chakudya cham'mawa chachiwiri ndi chachiwiri chimatha kukonzedwanso ola limodzi pambuyo pake. Nthawi ya 21.00 pakhoza kukhala chakudya china chowonjezera. Achinyamata amaloledwa kudya chakudya cham'mawa chimodzi.

Kuphika

Monga mwana aliyense wathanzi yemwe ali ndi matenda ashuga, tikulimbikitsidwa kuphika chofewa, chithupsa, mphodza, kuphika, kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta ochepa kapena mwachangu ndi mafuta ochepa.

Ndi zovuta mu mawonekedwe a ketoacidosis, pamafunika kuphika chakudya chosenda. Osagwiritsa ntchito zinthu zokwiyitsa.

Ndi matenda a shuga a m'matumbo, ndikofunikira kuphika chakudya chambiri cha banja, kudya zakudya zamafuta ambiri, komanso kumwa madzi amchere kuti achulukitse kuchuluka kwa m'mimba.

Katundu Wachilengedwe

Zindikirani! Chigoba cha mkate (XE) ndi gawo wamba lomwe limayambitsidwa ndi akatswiri azakudya zaku Germany, limafanana ndi 12,0 ga chakudya kapena mafuta 20-25 g. 1 XE imakulitsa shuga wamagazi ndi 2.8 mmol / L. Pafupifupi 1,3 U insulin ndiyofunikira pa 1 XE.

Kodi ndingawerenge bwanji XE pazogulitsa ndekha? Pamayendedwe azinthu zilizonse pamakhala chisonyezo "100 g ya zomwe zili ndi mafuta ambiri." Kuchuluka kwa chakudya kwam'magazi kuyenera kugawidwa ndi 12, zomwe zimafanana ndi XE zomwe zili 100 g, ndiye kuwerengera kuchuluka komwe mukufunako mwa kuchuluka kwa njira.

Nyama, nsomba, wowawasa wowawasa, tchizi chosafotokozedwa komanso tchizi chanyumba malinga ndi XE sichimawerengedwa.

Kuyerekeza kwa XE kwa mwana:

Zinthu Zomwe Zimayambitsa Kusokonekera kwa shuga

1. Zakudya zamafuta osavuta (shuga, chokoleti, confectionery, jamu, marmalade ndi compote, uchi, zipatso zotsekemera) zimaphwanya mwachangu kuposa zovuta zamankhwala (wowuma, nyemba, mbewu, mbatata, chimanga, pasitala), kuwonongeka kwawo kumayamba pomwe ikulowa m'mlomo wamkamwa.
2. Zakudya zozizira zimatengedwa pang'onopang'ono.
3. Pang'onopang'ono mafuta ochulukirapo ochokera ku zakudya zomwe zimakhala ndi mafuta, zakudya zomwe zimakhala ndi fiber.
4. Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kumathandizanso shuga m'magazi. Chifukwa chake, muyenera kudya chakudya chochulukirapo mphindi 30 musanayambe kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, kudya pang'onopang'ono nthawi yayitali. Kwa pafupifupi mphindi 30 zolimbitsa thupi, owonjezera a 15 g azakudya ayenera kumwedwa.

Ngati pali kusintha kwa chiwindi cha mwana (kulowetsedwa kwamafuta)

Kusintha kwa chiwindi mu matenda oopsa a shuga si vuto lachilendo, ngati simungalimbane nawo, pamapeto pake kumayambitsa kudwala matenda ashuga. Pofuna kuthana ndi kulowa pansi kwamafuta, malamulo otsatirawa ayenera kutsatiridwa:

1. Kuchepetsa kudya mafuta mwa kotala mwaubwino wazamoyo. Kuchuluka kwake kudzakwanira m'thupi, chitetezo cha mavitamini osungunuka komanso mafuta athanzi.
2. Mafuta osamba azikhala 5-25% yamafuta onse. Gwiritsani makamaka batala ndi mafuta a masamba.
3. Muyenera kudya zakudya zomwe zimathandizira kuchotsa mafuta ku chiwindi: tchizi cha kanyumba, cod, zinthu kuchokera ku oatmeal ndi phala, mutton wamafuta ochepa.
4. Ndi kusintha kwamankhwala m'chiwindi, mafuta samasiyanitsidwa ndi chakudya ndi 85-90%. 10-5% yotsala imachokera ku mafuta omwe amapezeka mkaka ndi nyama. Mafuta amathanso kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuphika zakudya yokazinga. Koma mavitamini osungunuka mafuta amayenera kumwedwa mophatikizanso ndi mavitamini.
5. Monga wokoma, uchi ndi wololedwa.

Vuto la matenda ashuga lero

Ngati mukukhulupirira kuchuluka kwa mabungwe azachipatala, ndiye kuti chithunzi cha matendawa ndi motere:

Pazaka 20-79, pafupifupi 6% yaanthu akudwala - izi zidawonetsedwa koyambirira kwa chaka cha 2010.

Malinga ndi kuyerekezera koyambirira kwa asayansi, pofika chaka cha 2030, anthu pafupifupi 500 miliyoni adzakhala ndi matenda monga matenda a shuga.

Kwa nthawi ya 2010 ku Russia kudalembedwa za anthu pafupifupi 9,5 miliyoni omwe ali ndi matendawa. Ndipo pofika 2030, padzakhala anthu pafupifupi mamiliyoni 10.3 ku Russia.

Chimodzi mwa matenda omwe ali ndi vuto lalikulu ndi matenda ashuga enieni, amatha kuyambitsa matenda oopsa komanso ngakhale kufa, koma izi ndi zina mwa anthu, omwe saposa 70, ndipo theka laimfa limadziwika ndi theka la akazi.

Kufa kwakukulu chifukwa cha matendawa kumawonedwa makamaka m'maiko momwe anthu amakhala ndi moyo wotsika kwambiri ndipo samatsatira malamulo a matenda obwera ndi matenda ashuga.

WHO imapereka deta yomwe ikuwonetsa kuti chiwerengero cha anthu omwe amwalira pakati pa 2010 ndi 2030 chidzachuluka kwambiri, chomwe ndi kawiri.

Kuti matendawa asachulukane, muyenera kukhala ndi moyo wathanzi, osamamwa mowa, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse, onetsetsani kuti mukunenepa.

Kuteteza Matenda A shuga - Memo

Matenda a shuga sangachiritsidwe, koma amathanso kupitilizidwa chimodzimodzi. Njira yabwino yokwaniritsira izi ndikudziwitsa za matendawa. Mulimonsemo, mutha kudzithandiza nokha ngati kuli kofunikira.

Njira Yoteteza Matendawa kumakuthandizani kuti muchepetse thanzi lanu:

Dziwani mitundu yonse ya zovuta zomwe zingachitike munthawi yake, onetsetsani kuti zonse zili m'manja mwanu,

Zizindikiro za matendawa

• pakufunika chakumwa chochuluka,
• kukodza kumakhala kofala
• awuma mkamwa mwanga
• kufooka kwa thupi kumaonekera - kuphatikiza minofu,
• njala yosalekeza
• azimayi omwe ali ndi maliseche amadwala
• Ndimagona nthawi zonse komanso ndatopa.
• mabala sawachiritsa
• anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga 1 amachepetsa kwambiri thupi, ndipo kwa omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a 2, ndi kunenepa kwambiri.

Kuti mudzitsimikizire ngati muli ndi matenda kapena kudziwikiratu, muyenera kuchita maphunziro ofunikira. Ngati mupeza glucose m'magazi anu omwe amaposa chovomerezeka, ndipo pakuwunika mkodzo padzakhala acetone ndi glucose ochulukirapo.

Kodi matenda ashuga ndi chiyani?

Kuti musankhe momwe mungadzitetezere kapena kukana matendawa, muyenera kudziwa tanthauzo la matenda ashuga.

Matenda a shuga ndi matenda amtundu wa endocrine pomwe chithokomiro chimasokonezeka. Zotsatira zake, ma insulin a mahomoni samatulutsidwa m'thupi mokwanira, chifukwa chomwe shuga mumagazi imakwera. Glucose ndi chakudya chomwenso chimalimbikitsa kagayidwe m'thupi ndipo chimapatsa mphamvu. Pamene insulini ikusowa, shuga sayendetsedwa. Amakhala m'magazi, zomwe zimayambitsa matenda otchedwa hyperglycemia. Thupi limataya gwero lake lamphamvu ndipo limafooka.

Ngati zizindikiro zina zikuwoneka mwa munthu, ndiye kuti muyenera kufunsa dokotala ndipo mukayezetsa.

Zoyambitsa matenda a shuga

Zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a shuga ndi izi:

• cholowa
• kunenepa kwambiri kapena kunenepa kwambiri,
• moyo wosachita bwino
• kudya kwambiri, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala oyipa.

Kunenepa kwambiri kumawerengedwa kuti ndi chifukwa chachikulu cha matenda ashuga. Aliyense amene wawona mapaundi owonjezera ali pachiwopsezo.

Amayi oyembekezera omwe apeza kilogalamu yochuluka kwambiri atanyamula mwana ali pachiwopsezo chotenga matenda a shuga ngakhale zaka 15 atabereka. Atsikana omwe adakumana ndi kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi (gestationalabetes mellitus), koma atabereka mitengo yomwe wabwerera, iyenera kuyesedwa pafupipafupi ndi endocrinologist.

Mwina zotheka matenda

Hyperglycemia mu matenda a shuga amawonekera ndi kukula kwamavuto osiyanasiyana.

Mavuto omwe ali ndi matendawa ndi awa:

• matenda amtima
• mavuto amawonedwe
• matenda azakhungu
• mavuto ndi mano ndi mano
• Matenda a chiwindi ndi impso,
• zigawenga
• kusabala
• kusabereka mwa akazi
• kuphwanya msambo, msambo, etc.

Podziwa zambiri za matendawa, ndikosavuta kwa munthu wodwala matenda ashuga kuthana ndi matendawa. Zomwe odwala matenda ashuga onse ayenera kukumbukira zimawerengeredwa pansipa.

Memo wa Matendawa

Matenda a shuga ndi osachiritsika, koma amatha kuwongoleredwa ndikukhala moyo wonse. Odwala omwe amatsatira malamulo ndi malingaliro, kusintha kwa shuga m'magazi kumawonedwa, zomwe zimachitika m'thupi zimayenda bwino komanso chitetezo chake chikukula. Munthu amathanso kuchotsera mapaundi owonjezera ndi mavuto onse okhudzana ndi matenda a shuga.

Kupewa matenda ashuga komanso chikumbutso kwa iwo omwe safuna kukhala ndi mavuto azaumoyo:

• kuwunika shuga wamagazi (ndikofunikira kugula glucometer),
• amayesedwa pafupipafupi ndi madokotala
• tsatirani zochitika zatsiku ndi tsiku
• kutsatira zakudya zochizira
• khalani olimbitsa thupi, sewera masewera,
• imwani mankhwala omwe dokotala wakupatsani mogwirizana ndi malangizo
• khalani ndi moyo wathanzi, siyani zizolowezi zoipa,
• Musadzitopetse kwambiri ndi ntchito, pezani tchuthi pachaka (ndikofunika kuti muziwonongera kumalo osungirako zaumoyo kapena m'malo ochitira masewera olimbitsa thupi)
• imwani madzi tsiku lililonse (mpaka malita awiri),
• Osakhala wamanjenje.

Kukwaniritsidwa kwa malamulo osavuta awa kuchokera kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda osokoneza bongo kumatsimikizira kusintha kwaumoyo, komanso ndi matenda amtundu wa 2, ngakhale kubwezeretsanso kwathunthu kwa kapamba ndi shuga wamagazi.

Kuteteza matenda a shuga 1

Ziwerengero zochokera ku World Health Organisation (WHO) zikuwonetsa kuti kuchuluka kwa matenda ashuga amtundu woyamba ndikokwera kwambiri pakati pa ana omwe ayamwitsidwa kuyambira nthawi yobadwa. Cholinga cha izi ndikuti kusakaniza kwamkaka yambiri kumakhala ndi mapuloteni amphongo, omwe amayambitsa zovuta za kapamba mwa mwana. Zotsatira zake, pali mwayi wokhala ndi matenda ashuga amtundu woyamba mtsogolo. Kuphatikiza apo, zinthu zosakanikirana sizingalimbitse chitetezo chathupi komanso kuteteza mwana ku matenda oyambitsidwa ndi kachilombo komanso matenda opatsirana.

Chifukwa chake, kuyamwitsa ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yothanirana ndi matenda ashuga.

Ana omwe ali pachiwopsezo amakhala pachiwopsezo cha matenda osiyanasiyana opatsirana. Monga njira yodzitetezera, ayenera kulimbitsa chitetezo chawo mothandizidwa ndi ma immunostimulants.

Type 2 matenda a shuga

Anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga (pafupifupi 90%) ali ndi matenda a 2. Ndi iyo, insulin sazindikira thupi, glucose samasweka ndipo amadziunjikira m'magazi a wodwalayo.

Njira zopewera matenda a shuga a 2 nzakudya zoyenera komanso masewera olimbitsa thupi.

Kukwaniritsidwa kwa mikhalidwe iwiriyi kuteteza wodwala pakukula kwa zovuta.

Zakudya zabwino kwa odwala matenda ashuga

Zakudya zoyenera ndizofunikira kwambiri poletsa matenda ashuga amtundu wa 2. Popanda kudya, chithandizo sichingathandize, ndipo shuga wamagazi akupitilizabe kusinthasintha, zomwe ndi zovulaza kwambiri.

Zakudya zamafuta osavuta ndizomwe zimayambitsa shuga kwambiri. Ndizomwe zimayambitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Chifukwa chake, zakudya zokhala ndi zakudya zosavuta zamafuta siziyenera kuperekedwa kuchakudya.

Njira yodyetsera, yomwe idapangidwa makamaka kwa odwala matenda a shuga, imatchedwa "Table No. 9".

Zina mwa zakudya ndi:

• zakudya 5-6 pa tsiku (ndi kuchuluka kwa chakudya chambiri pa mlingo uliwonse),
• kudya zakudya kuyenera kukhala ndi 60% chakudya, 20 - mafuta ndi 20 - mapuloteni,
• magawo ang'ono
• osaphatikiza chakudya chamafuta (shuga, uchi, maswiti),
• kumangokhala ndi mafuta ochepa
• Idyani zakudya zopezeka ndi fiber komanso michere yambiri,
• zokonda zimaperekedwa ku chakudya chophika, chowotcha, chofewa ndi chophika.

Pakumwa mankhwala, munthu ayenera kudya zakudya zosachulukitsa shuga.

Izi ndi monga:

• mbewu
• nyemba
• rye lonse kapena mkate wopetera,
• masamba (zukini, kabichi, biringanya, dzungu, tomato),
• Zipatso ndi zipatso zopanda zipatso (maapulo, mapeyala, ma cureber, ma cherries, malalanje ndi kiwi),
• amadyera, saladi,
• nyama yokonda, nkhuku, nsomba,
• zinthu zopanda mkaka.

M'pofunika kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito masamba omwe ali ndi wowuma. Amaloledwa kudya zosaposa 200 g patsiku:

Zakudya zoletsedwa:

• shuga, wokondedwa
• Kuphika batala
• makeke, makeke,
• maswiti
• ayisikilimu ndi maswiti ena,
• nyama yamafuta ndi nsomba,
• mafuta
• mikate yoyera
• mpunga, semolina, chimanga,
• zipatso zokoma ndi zipatso zouma (nthochi, mphesa, madeti, ndi zina).
• anagula timadziti ndi timadzi tokoma,
• ma yogurts okoma ndi zinthu zina za mkaka zokhala ndi ma toppings,
• kusuta, zonunkhira, zamchere,
• mafuta okumbapo tirigu
• mowa
• zakumwa zonunkhira bwino.

Wodwala matenda a shuga amafunika kukumbukira lamulo lalikulu - zakudya ziyenera kukhala zosiyanasiyana. Ndikofunikira kuti, pamodzi ndi chakudya, munthu alandire mavitamini ndi zinthu zina zofunikira pamoyo wa thupi.

Malamulo okuthandizirani kusintha miyezo yanu yamoyo, kapena mawonekedwe a odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga

Matenda a shuga ndi matenda omwe sangathetsedwe. Koma izi sizitanthauza kuti pankhani yodziwitsa za matendawo, mutha kudziletsa.

Matenda a shuga si sentensi, koma njira ya moyo. Ndipo izi ziyenera kukumbukiridwa nthawi zonse. M'malo mwake, kuyanjana ndi matenda awa siovuta. Chachikulu ndikutsatira malamulo ena ndikumatenga zofunika panthawi.

Kodi matenda ashuga ndi chiani?

Matenda a shuga ndi gulu la matenda omwe chizindikiro chawo chimakhala kuphwanya kagayidwe kazakudya. Pali mitundu ingapo yamatendawa:

• Mtundu woyamba wa shuga.
• Type 2 shuga.
• Matenda a shuga.

Matenda a shuga amadziwika ndi kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, kuchuluka kwam ludzu ndi polyuria.

Chiwerengero 14. Maantibayotiki

Kufunika kogwiritsa ntchito kumatha kuchitika mosayembekezereka. Mwinanso zinthu zidzakhala choncho kuti momwe angagwiritsidwire ntchito ayenera kudzipatsa. Mukamamwa maantibayotiki, zindikirani kuti mofananamo ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala omwe amabwezeretsa microflora yamatumbo, poteteza kupewa kwa dysbiosis.

Hypoglycemia

Hypoglycemia ndi vuto pamene kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kumakhala kovomerezeka. Mu shuga mellitus, chizolowezi cha hypoglycemia chilipo ngakhale mwa ana omwe amatsatira zakudya zoyenera ndi mlingo wa insulin. Kwa thupi la munthu, kuchepa kwa shuga m'magazi kumakhala kowopsa kwambiri kuposa kuwonjezeka, chifukwa chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa glucose, ubongo umakhala ndi vuto choyamba, mavuto akulu amatha kuchitika omwe sangasinthe. Popewa zotsatira zosasangalatsa, mwana ayenera kukhala ndi magawo angapo a shuga, maswiti. Komanso, thandizo loyamba likhoza kukhala kapu ya zakudya zonunkhira bwino, tiyi, makeke (zidutswa 5), ​​mikate yoyera (zidutswa 1-2). Pambuyo pazikhala bwino, muyenera kupatsa mwana wanu semolina kapena mbatata yosenda. Ayisikilimu sioyenera thandizo loyamba la hypoglycemia, ngakhale ilibe shuga, mayamwidwe ake amachepetsedwa chifukwa cha mafuta komanso kutentha pang'ono kwa chinthu.

Kodi shuga angalowe bwanji m'malo?

Ndi kovuta kuti ana asiye maswiti. Pofuna kuti musazunze mwana, mupatseni m'malo mwa shuga analogue otetezeka - wokoma.

Ana amakhudzidwa kwambiri ndikusowa kwa maswiti, kotero kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zomwe zimapangidwa ndi shuga ndizosapeweka.

Xylitol ndi sorbitol. Mumakhala m'mimba pang'onopang'ono kuposa shuga. Chifukwa cha kukoma kosasangalatsa, ana nthawi zambiri amawakana. Amakhala ndi vuto lililonse pamatumbo a mwana, amakhala ndi vuto lotupa, pazifukwa izi, okoma awa salimbikitsidwa kwa ana, ochepa okha ndi omwe amaloledwa kuperekedwa kwa achinyamata (mpaka 20 g).

Pangani. Shuga wocheperapo ndi sucrose zimakhudza kuchuluka kwa glucose m'magazi, safunikira insulini, alibe zotsatira zoyipa m'thupi. Ndi shuga wachilengedwe wachilengedwe. Itha kugulidwa kusitolo. Fructose imapezeka mu zipatso zonse ndi zipatso zomwe zimakoma. Mu uchi, fructose ndi shuga imapezeka pafupifupi zofanana.

Kuti ana asakhale ndi chidwi chofuna kudya maswiti mobisa kwa makolo awo, kuphika zakudya, makeke, makeke, zonunkhira ndi maswiti ena pogwiritsa ntchito zotsekemera komanso kupatsa ana anu nawo.

Matenda a shuga amwana mwana mpaka chaka

Ana osakwana chaka chimodzi, ngakhale kuli kwakuti pali matenda a shuga, ayenera kuyamwitsidwa nthawi yayitali, mkaka wa amayi wokha ndi womwe ungathe kupatsa thupi lonse zakudya zofunika.

Ngati pazifukwa zina kuyamwitsa sikungatheke, ndiye kuti muyenera kusankha chisakanizo chapadera ndi shuga wochepa. Chakudya chiziphikidwa ndendende nthawi yoyenera pakadutsa maola atatu pakati pa chakudya. Zakudya zowonjezera zimayambitsidwa molingana ndi momwe anavomerezera ali ndi miyezi isanu ndi umodzi, ndikofunikira kuyambitsa ndi timadziti ta masamba ndi mbatata yosenda, ndipo pomaliza, komabe, amapereka chimanga.

Matenda a shuga amapezeka mwa ana onenepa kwambiri

Ana omwe ali onenepa kwambiri ayenera kulimbitsa thupi. Ayenera kukhala ochepetsetsa pamafuta ndi chakudya, chifukwa cha izi zotsalazo zitha kudzipatula ku menyu:

• shuga
• maswiti
• Confectionery
• buledi wa tirigu,
• pasitala
• semolina.

Zakudya Zakunja Ndi Nthawi Zapadera

Ponena za maphwando, ma cookes ndi malo odyera aana, makolo safunika kuda nkhawa, ndikofunikira kuti mudziwe menyu pasadakhale ndikuwerengera kuchuluka kwa mafuta owerengera moyenera pa kuchuluka kwa insulin, pomwe masewera akunja amayenera kukumbukiridwa, chifukwa masewera olimbitsa thupi samasinthasintha kuchuluka kwa chakudya.

Chakudya chamadzulo kusukulu. Apa, makolo ayeneranso kuda nkhawa pasadakhale ndikupeza mndandanda wa sabata likubwera, ndiye mothandizidwa ndi mphunzitsi wamkalasi kuti awongolere kuchuluka kwa momwe mwana amadya kusukulu.

Ana aang'ono nthawi zambiri amakana kudya, samatha kudya. Muzochitika zotere, ndikosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito insulin yochepa kwambiri, yomwe imatha kuperekedwa pambuyo pudya, kudalira kuchuluka kwa chakudya.

Matenda a shuga ndi matenda osokoneza bongo omwe amakhudza makamaka maso ndi impso. Koma ngati mumatsatira zakudya, ndikuwerengera moyenera kuchuluka kwa insulini, ndiye kuti matendawa mungathe kukhala ndi moyo wautali, wachimwemwe komanso wokongola.

Malamulo 10 oyambira

Kuti mukhale ndi thanzi labwino, kukhalabe ndi ntchito yayitali komanso kupewa zovuta, wodwala yemwe ali ndi matenda ashuga ayenera kuthandizanso chithandizo chapadera komanso njira zopewera pamoyo watsiku ndi tsiku. Malamulo onsewa amaphatikizidwa kukhala chithunzi cha matenda ashuga. Malamulo oyambira a memo ndi awa:

1. Maziko othandizira mitundu yonse ya matenda ashuga ndi zakudya. Kufunika kwa mphamvu ya zakudya za tsiku ndi tsiku sikuyenera kupitilira mphamvu zenizeni, zomwe munthu wamkulu ndi 105-210 kJ (25-50 kcal) pa 1 makilogalamu amalemu. Ndi kunenepa kwambiri, mphamvu ya chakudya imachepetsedwa ndi 20-25%.

Chiwerengero chotsimikizika cha mapuloteni, mafuta ndi chakudya m'zakudya: B - 15-20%, W - 25-30%, Y - 50-55% ndi mphamvu yamphamvu, 1: 0.7 (0.75): 2.5-3 , 5 mwakulemera.

Ndi mphamvu yakudya ya 1050 kJ (2500 kcal), imayenera kukhala ndi mapuloteni 100, 70-75 g wamafuta, 300-70 g wama chakudya, kuphatikiza masamba 25-30.

Shuga, confectionery pa shuga, semolina, mafuta ndi soseji zosuta, mowa, mowa, mphesa, zipatso zamasamba pa shuga ziyenera kusiyidwa ndi zakudya za tsiku ndi tsiku. Muchepetse zakudya zamafuta kwambiri (zakudya zophika, mbatata ndi chimanga, mitundu ya zipatso zotsekemera, mafuta). Zakudya ziyenera kuphatikizapo zamasamba, zipatso, mkaka, tchizi choko.

Kudya panthawi yofotokozedwa mosamalitsa ndikumayambitsa insulin ndikofunikira kwambiri: pambuyo pobayira insulin - pambuyo pa mphindi 15 mpaka 20 ndi maola 3- 3. Pochita ndi insulin jakisoni, ndiye kuti aliyense ali ndi maola 3.5-4 ndi mphindi 40-60 asanagone.

2. Njira yodziwika bwino ya matenda ashuga ndiyofunika. Kukwera kwam'mawa, ntchito yogwira ntchito (kuphunzira), kuwongolera insulin, kudya ndi kumwa mankhwala, kupuma mwachangu, kugona musanachitike. Pewani kugwira ntchito mopitilira muyeso. Lamlungu liyenera kukhala lopanda ntchito za tsiku ndi tsiku komanso zogwiritsidwa ntchito panja.

3. Tsatirani njira zaukhondo komanso zaukhondo.

Maphunziro olimbitsa thupi, masewera (osati mitundu yamagetsi) amakhala ndi phindu pamapulogalamu, zimathandizira kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa chakudya, kuchepetsa kufunika kwa insulini, kuchepetsa matendawa, ndikuwonjezera mphamvu.

Mowa, kusuta sikuvomerezeka.

4.Mankhwala ochepetsa shuga ayenera kumwedwa nthawi yovomerezeka. M'malo mongomanga mankhwalawa, kusintha kwa mlingo, kapenanso kuposa kotero kuletsa kwawo sikovomerezeka popanda chidziwitso cha dokotala. Imwani mankhwala akumwa (mapiritsi) mukatha kudya.

5. Khalani oyera ndi osabala popereka insulin. Masamba a jakisoni ayenera kusinthidwa kuti jakisoni wobwereza womwewo mgawo lomwelo asapitirire nthawi 1-2 pamwezi.

6. Odwala omwe amalandira insulin amatha kukhala ndi vuto la hypoglycemic, zomwe zimafooka, manja akunjenjemera, thukuta, kutuluka kwa milomo, lilime, njala, kukomoka, mpaka kufika poti sakumva bwino (hypoglycemic coma). Kukula kwa zinthu ngati izi kumathandizidwa ndi chakudya chosakonzekera kapena chosakwanira, kuyambitsa kuchuluka kwa insulin, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi mopitirira muyeso. Kuti muthane ndi hypoglycemia pachimake, ndikofunikira kudya chidutswa cha mkate, makeke, shuga, maswiti, omwe wodwalayo ayenera kukhala nawo nthawi zonse.

7. Matenda opatsirana opatsirana, kusakhazikika komanso kusakwanira kwa insulin, kutopa kwamaganizidwe ndi thupi, kuphwanya kwamalamulo azakudya tsiku ndi tsiku, komanso zina, zitha kuyambitsa kukulira matendawa komanso kukula kwa chikomokere cha matenda ashuga.

8. Posankha ntchito ndi ntchito kwa wodwala yemwe ali ndi matenda ashuga, malire chifukwa cha mawonekedwe a matendawa, kufunika koteteza zovuta zake komanso kulumala koyambirira kuyenera kukumbukiridwa.

9. Matenda a shuga opatsirana samalepheretsa ukwati komanso moyo wabanja wamba.

Kuti muzitha kuzindikira komanso kupewa kukula kwa matenda osokoneza bongo, ndikofunikira kuti nthawi ndi nthawi (kawiri pachaka) musanthule ana awo.

10. Pofuna kupewa zovuta, zomwe zilonda zam'maso zambiri, impso, chiwindi, miyendo, matenda amanjenje, mano, wodwala yemwe amakhala ndi matenda osokoneza bongo ayenera kuyang'aniridwa ndi achipatala, kukalembetsedwa ku dispensary.

Zizindikiro zowonjezera matenda a shuga zikuphatikizapo: kukhala bwino, kulumala mosalekeza, kusowa kwa ludzu, pakamwa kowuma, palibe zizindikiro zowonongeka m'maso, impso, chiwindi, mantha am'miyendo, miyendo, pakamwa patsekeke, kuponyera kwa 1.5-2 malita a mkodzo patsiku komanso kusowa kapena mumakhala shuga, m'magazi mpaka 11 mmol / l (200 mg%) popanda kusinthasintha kowopsa m'munsi mwake masana.

Wodwala matenda ashuga ayenera kukhala naye nthawi zonse ndikusungika “Khadi la wodwala yemwe ali ndi matenda ashuga”, lofunikira popereka chithandizo chamankhwala chanthawi yake ngati akukhala wopanda vuto.

Kupewa matenda a shuga

Matenda a shuga ndi matenda a endocrine dongosolo ogwirizana ndi zovuta za metabolic. Popeza etiology ya matenda amtundu 1 ndi mtundu wachiwiri wa 2 ndiwosiyana, kupewa mitundu yonse ya matenda ashuga komanso chithandizo cha matenda awa kudzasiyana.

Kupewa matenda a shuga 1

Matenda a Type 1 a shuga ndi matenda omwe ma cell a pancreatic beta samabisalira insulin, ndikofunikira kuti magazi awonongeke m'magazi. Matendawa amathanso kuphatikizidwa ndi wozunza wakunja (matenda, zoopsa), zomwe zimayambitsa kutupa kwa minofu ya kapamba ndi kufa kwama cell a b. Chifukwa chake, kupewa kwa matenda amtundu wa shuga 1 kumachepetsedwa ku zochitika zotsatirazi.

· 1. Kuyamwitsa. Malinga ndi kafukufuku wa WHO, pakati pa ana omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga pali ana ochulukirapo omwe ayamwitsidwa kuyambira nthawi yobadwa. Izi ndichifukwa choti zosakaniza zamkaka zimakhala ndi mapuloteni amkaka wa ng'ombe, omwe amatha kusokoneza ntchito zachinsinsi za kapamba. Kuphatikiza apo, kuyamwitsa kumathandizira kukulitsa chitetezo chokwanira cha mwana, chifukwa chake kumateteza ku matenda oyambitsidwa ndi kachilombo komanso matenda opatsirana. Chifukwa chake, kuyamwitsa kumaonedwa ngati njira yabwino yopewa matenda a shuga 1.

2.Kupewa matenda opatsirana. Matenda opatsirana ndi oopsa kwambiri kwa ana omwe ali pachiwopsezo cha matenda a shuga 1, chifukwa chake, ma immunomodulators monga interferon ndi njira zina zolimbikitsira chitetezo amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala a prophylactic.

Type 2 matenda a shuga

Mwa odwala onse omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga, pafupifupi 90% ya anthu ali ndi matenda a shuga a 2. Mu matendawa, insulin yomwe imapangidwa ndi kapamba imatha kuzindikirika ndi thupi ndipo siyikuphatikizidwa ndi kupasuka kwa glucose. Zomwe zimapangitsa izi kusokonezeka kwa metabolic zingakhale:

• kunenepa
• kusachita zolimbitsa thupi, kunenepa kwambiri,
• zakudya zopanda thanzi zomwe zimakhala ndi mafuta ambiri komanso chakudya chamafuta mosavuta,
• chibadwa.

Kupewera kwa matenda ashuga a mtundu wachiwiri ndi motere.

Zakudya, zakudya zopatsa thanzi mpaka nthawi 5 pa tsiku. Zakudya zamafuta oyengedwa bwino (shuga, uchi, jamu, ndi zina zambiri) ndi mafuta okwanira ayenera kuchepetsedwa. Maziko azakudya ayenera kukhala opatsa mphamvu komanso zakudya zamafuta ambiri osungunuka. Mwa kuchuluka, chakudya chamagulu azakudya ayenera kukhala 60%, mafuta - pafupifupi 20%, mapuloteni - osapitilira 20%. Chitani chidwi ndi nkhuku zoyera, nsomba zamafuta ochepa, zakudya zamasamba, decoctions azitsamba, zipatso zosafunikira popanda shuga wowonjezera. Sinthani zakudya yokazinga ndi yophika, mphodza, yophika. Maswiti, zakumwa zoziziritsa kukhosi, zakumwa zoziziritsa kukhosi, zakumwa zozizira pompopompo ndi shuga, chakudya mwachangu, chosuta, zamchere, ngati zingatheke, osapatula chakudyacho. Pokhapokha ngati izi, kupewa matenda a shuga kumakhala kothandizadi. Komanso, zakudya za anthu odwala matenda ashuga amatchedwanso chithandizo chachikulu cha matenda ashuga. Kupatula apo, popanda zoletsa chakudya, palibe chithandizo chomwe chidzapatse zotsatira zomwe mukufuna.

Kuchita zolimbitsa thupi moyenera Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kumathandizira kukonza kagayidwe kazakudya ndikuwonjezera mphamvu ya insulin.

Momwe mungaganizire za shuga

Ngati mapaundi anu owonjezera agwira mchiuno, ndiye kuti pali vuto la matenda ashuga. Gawani m'chiuno m'chiuno. Ngati chiwerengerochi ndichoposa 0.95 (cha amuna) ndi 0.85 (kwa akazi) - muli pachiwopsezo!

Gulu lomwe lili pachiwopsezo cha matenda a shuga a mtundu wachiwiri limaphatikizanso azimayi omwe ali ndi pakati amapeza oposa 17 kg ndikubala mwana wolemera kuposa 4.5 kg. Ngakhale pambuyo poti mimba yayamba kulemera mwanjira yampira ndipo chakudya chimakhala chazolowereka, matenda a shuga a 2 amatha kupezekanso pakatha zaka 10 mpaka 10. Komabe, ngati musintha zakudya zanu pakapita nthawi, chitani masewera olimbitsa thupi ndikuchepetsa thupi, ndiye kuti mudzatha kubwezeretsa kagayidwe koyenera ndikuletsa kupewa matenda ashuga.

Ndi chitukuko chopanda vuto, hyperglycemia imakulitsidwa, ndiye kuti, glucose m'magazi amakwera kwambiri pambuyo chakudya, mwakutero amayambitsa njala. Zotsatira zake, kulemera kwa thupi kumachuluka.

Popeza mukuthandizira kupewa matenda ashuga amtundu wa 2, mumathandizira thupi lonse. Kupatula apo, dongosolo labwino lazakudya, zolimbitsa thupi zolimbitsa thupi, kuwongolera kunenepa ndizofunikira kwambiri pakuthana ndi matenda oopsa monga stroke, kugunda kwa mtima, matenda oopsa, osteochondrosis ndi matenda ena ambiri!

Kupewa Matenda a shuga: Njira Yoperekera Odwala

Matenda a shuga amatchedwa endocrine pathology, chifukwa chomwe kumakhala kuphwanya kagayidwe kazakudya m'thupi la munthu. Pakadali pano, matendawa ndi osachiritsika, koma chithandizo chokwanira chimathandiza kukonza bwino, komanso kupewa mavuto.

Chimodzi mwazinthu zothandiza pochiza mankhwalawa ndi kudya bwino

Kuphatikiza apo, ndikulimbikitsidwa kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga kuti azikhala ndi moyo wakhama, kuti abweretse zolondola zolimbitsa thupi m'miyoyo yawo.Kuchita kumawonetsa kuti kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi tsiku lililonse kumathandiza kulipirira matendawa.

Kodi tiyenera kuganizira chiyani memo popewa matenda ashuga? Kodi wodwala amayenera kutsatira mfundo ziti pankhani yazakudya, ndipo zakudya za shuga zimaphatikizapo chiyani?

Mawonekedwe a zakudya mu shuga

Ngozi yayikulu kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga ndi chakudya cham'mimba, zomwe zimapangitsa shuga kuwonjezeka. Ichi ndichifukwa chake zakudya zapadera zimalimbikitsidwa kwa odwala.

Kuyambira zaka makumi awiri za zana lomaliza, tebulo nambala zisanu ndi zinayi lidapangidwa, omwe ndi malamulo ndi malingaliro zokhudzana ndi zakudya. Powona regimen iyi, ndikofunikira kudya pafupipafupi, mukadakhala m'magawo ang'onoang'ono.

Ndikofunikira kuti gawo lirilonse limaphatikizapo kuchuluka kwamagulu ochulukirapo amomwe amaphatikizidwira. Kuti achepetse kuwerengera, madokotala anayambitsa mawu monga mkate. Gulu limodzi la mkate limafanana ndi magalamu 12 a chakudya. Ndipo patsiku, ndizololeka kuti munthu wodwala matenda ashuga asagwiritsenso 25 magawo a mkate.

Tiyenera kudziwa kuti ndi mtundu wa shuga wachiwiri, odwala ndi onenepa kwambiri kapena onenepa kwambiri, motero kudya No. 8 ndikulimbikitsidwa kwa odwala otere. Zimatanthawuza kuti kuchuluka kwambiri kwa zopatsa mphamvu patsiku sikoposa 1800 zopatsa mphamvu.

Kabuku kapadera kanapangidwira anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga, omwe akuwonetsa zakudya zingapo zomwe zimaloledwa kudya:

• Porridge (barele, barele wa peyala, mapira, buckwheat).
• Zinthu za nyemba (nyemba ndi nandolo).
• Zinthu zophika buledi zokhala ndi chinangwa kapena ndi kuwonjezera kwa ufa wa buckwheat.
• Masamba (zukini, biringanya, kabichi, dzungu).
• Zipatso (malalanje, maapulo ndi ena).

Zakudya zonse zomwe zili pamwambazi zimatha kudyedwa tsiku lililonse, osachita mantha kuti glucose imadzuka kwambiri mutatha kudya. Kuphatikiza apo, amathandizira kukhutitsa thupi, kuthetsa kumverera kwanjala.

Ndi kusamala kwambiri, tikulimbikitsidwa kudya mbatata, kaloti ndi beets, chifukwa zimakhala ndi wowuma kwambiri.

Cholinga cha zakudya za odwala matenda ashuga

Munthu yemwe ali ndi matenda ashuga amafunika kufunsa katswiri wazakudya atakhazikitsa kale matenda kuti athandizire kupanga mapulani azakudya zabwino. Kutsatira izi ndikuthandizira kuwongolera kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, kukhala ndi kulemera koyenera, komanso kuchepetsa ziwopsezo za matenda a mtima.

Munthu akamadya zopatsa mphamvu zochulukirapo komanso mafuta, thupi lake limayamba kukulira glycemia. Ngati glucose wamagazi sawongoleredwa, izi zimatha kubweretsa mavuto akulu - mwachitsanzo, kukula kwa matenda ashuga a ketoacidosis, kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha, mitsempha yamagazi, impso, ndi mtima. Kwa odwala ambiri omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a 2, kudya mokwanira kumatha kuchepetsa kunenepa, komwe, kuwonjezera pakuchepetsa glycemia, kumakhala ndiubwino wina ambiri.

Mfundo zachikhalidwe zamatenda a shuga

Mfundo zoyambirira za kadyedwe koyenera ka shuga:

• Kuchepetsa kudya zomwe zimakhala ndi chakudya chamagulu ambiri (zakudya zama carb ochepa).
• Kudya chakudya m'magawo ang'onoang'ono, kugawa chakudya cha tsiku lonse.
• Kudya chakudya chokwanira chonse, zipatso, ndi masamba tsiku lililonse.
• Kuchepetsa zamafuta azakudya.
• Chepetsa kumwa mowa.
• Kuletsa mchere.

Katswiri wazakudya wazambiri amatha kukuthandizani kukhala ndi zakudya za tsiku ndi tsiku kutengera zolinga zanu, zomwe mumakonda, ndi moyo wanu. Amathanso kufotokozera wodwala kuti ndi chakudya chiti chomwe chimamuthandiza.

Mphamvu zamagetsi

Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga amafunika kufananitsa kuchuluka kwa chakudya chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito masana. Kuchuluka kwambiri kwa zopatsa mphamvu kumatha kubweretsa kulemera. Kukhala wonenepa kwambiri kapena wonenepa kwambiri kumapangitsa kuti shuga iwonongeke komanso kuonjezera ngozi ya matenda a mtima, stroko, ndi khansa.

Ndikofunikira kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito zakudya zopatsa mphamvu kwambiri, monga maswiti, makeke, shuga, misuzi ya zipatso, chokoleti - ndiye kuti muyenera kutsatira zakudya zamafuta ochepa. Zakudya za anthu ena ndizabwino, koma amadya kwambiri. Njira imodzi yochepetsera kudya calorie yanu ndikuchepetsa kukula kwanu.

Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kumapindulitsanso thanzi. Kuphatikiza pa chakudya chopatsa thanzi, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi pafupipafupi kumathandizanso kuchepetsa shuga m'magazi, kuchepetsa cholesterol ndi triglycerides, komanso kukhala ndi thanzi labwino.

Mafuta amakhala ndi mphamvu yayikulu kwambiri poyerekeza ndi magulu ena a zinthu. Kudya zochuluka kwambiri mwa izo kumatha kuyambitsa kulemera, komwe kumapangitsa kuti shuga azithamanga. Komabe, mitundu ina ya mafuta ndiyofunikira kuti mukhale ndi thanzi labwino. Pali mitundu ingapo ya iyo:

• Mafuta oyenera Ndikofunikira kuti muchepetse zakudya zomwe mumakhala nazo zamafuta ambiri. Amapezeka pazinthu zanyama (nyama yamafuta, mkaka, batala, tchizi). Mwa mafuta a masamba, mafuta a kanjedza, mkaka wa kokonati ndi kirimu zimakhuta.
• Mafuta a polyunsaturated komanso monounsaturated. Kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta ochepa awa kumatha kuthandizira kuti pakhale mafuta achilengedwe ofunikira komanso mavitamini. Mafuta a polyunsaturated amapezeka mumafuta a mpendadzuwa, soya, chimanga, mbewu za mphesa ndi nthangala za sesame, komanso nsomba zamafuta (herring, mackerel, sardine, nsomba ndi tuna). Mafuta okhala ndi ma monounsaturated amapezeka mu mafuta a azitona ndi opusa, ma avocados ndi margarine ena. Mbewu, mtedza, ndi batala la peanut zimakhala ndi kuphatikiza kwa zinthu izi.

Zakudya zomanga thupi zimagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri m'zakudya za anthu. Ndiwo gwero labwino kwambiri lamphamvu mthupi la munthu, makamaka ubongo. Mwa zakudya zitatu zazikuluzikulu, chakudya chamafuta chimakhudza kwambiri shuga. Odwala ambiri omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga, kuwalepheretsa (monga zakudya za Bronstein-carb low) kungathandize kuwongolera matendawa. Komabe, ngati munthu akufuna kuchepetsa kwambiri zakudya zomwe zili mu chakudya chake, amafunika kufunsa wa endocrinologist asanachite izi.

Zinthu zonse zopatsa thanzi zimatsogolera pakupanga kwa glucose ndikuchulukitsa mulingo wake m'magazi, koma ena a iwo amazichita pang'onopang'ono ndipo ena mwachangu. Fotokozani momwe chakudya cham'madzi ammadzi amamwa mwachangu ndikulowera m'magazi, lingaliro la index ya glycemic linayambitsidwa. Zakudya zokhala ndi index yotsika ya glycemic zimalowera m'magazi ndipo zimachepetsa shuga ya magazi. Izi zikuphatikiza phala la oatmeal, buledi wa tirigu wathunthu, mphodza, nyemba, mkaka, yogati, pasitala ndi mitundu yambiri yazipatso zatsopano.

Ngakhale amagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino, uchi ndi chakudya chamafuta omwe amakhala ndi index yayikulu ya glycemic, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti atatha kugwiritsa ntchito magazi a glucose amakwera kwambiri. Zakudya za anthu odwala matenda ashuga zitha kuphatikizapo shuga. Komabe, zakudya zomwe zili ndi mankhwala okwanira ziyenera kudyedwa pang'ono. Pali maphikidwe omwe amatha kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga omwe amwedwa kapena kusinthanitsa ndi zotsekemera zina.

Zinthu zopangidwa ndi mapuloteni ndizofunikira kuti thupi likule ndikuchira. Mapuloteni saphwanya glucose, kotero samakulitsa mwachindunji kuchuluka kwake m'magazi. Komabe, ndi matenda ashuga a nephropathy, muyenera kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwawo muzakudya.

Mavuto omwe amabwera chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa ziwiya zazikulu

Myocardial infaration imachitika chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa ziwiya zamtima. Vuto lam'mimba ndilotupa yemweyo, koma mu ubongo. Ndi vuto la mtima komanso sitiroko, zombo zazikulu zimakhudzidwa chifukwa cha mapangidwe a atherosranceotic malo.Mu shuga mellitus, lipid metabolism imakhala yovuta kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mapangidwe ake akhale olimbikitsa kwambiri, choncho muziyang'anira kuchuluka kwa lipids "zoyipa": triglycerides (TG) ndi ochepa osalimba a lipoproteins (LDL), komanso "good" highensens lipids (HDL) Chabwino.

Mavuto omwe amagwirizana ndi zotupa zazing'onoting'ono

Mavutowa amatchedwanso kuti microvascular. Izi zikuphatikiza: retinopathy (kuwonongeka kwa maso), nephropathy (kuwonongeka kwa impso), matenda am'mimba a shuga, polyneuropathy (kusokonezeka kwa zomverera, ndi zina), arthropathy (kuwonongeka kozungulira) ndi zovuta zina. Zosintha zonsezi zimapita patsogolo mwachilengedwe ndipo zimafuna chithandizo cha nthawi yayitali.

Kusungabe kagayidwe kabwino mu shuga

Ndi shuga wambiri m'magazi (kupitirira 9-10 mmol / L), thupi limayamba kuwumba mkodzo, motero limataya mphamvu yamtengo wapatali yofunikira kulimbitsa maselo.

Kuti mukhale ndi metabolism wathanzi, muyenera:

• - kuchepetsa kudya kwa caloric mpaka 1200 - 1700 kcal / tsiku,
• - chotsani michere yomwe imawonjezera shuga m'magazi,
• - muchepetse kunenepa kwambiri
• - kuchuluka kwa nsomba zam'nyanja,
• - kuwonjezera zolimbitsa thupi,
• - kutsatira malangizo a dokotala.

Kodi kuwunika momwe mankhwalawa amathandizira?

Ndikotheka kutsatira kutsata kukhazikitsidwa kwa zakudya ndi njira zochiritsira ndi mulingo wa glycated hemoglobin m'magazi. Chizindikiro ichi chikuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'miyezi itatu yapitayo. Ndi chiwonjezeko chilichonse cha shuga - chowonjezera chake "chimatsamira" hemoglobin, glycolizing ("kuyetsa").

Kuyesa Matenda a shuga

Mtundu wa mayeso Frequency Zizindikiro

• Kupsinjika kwa magazi katatu pa tsiku Osaposa 135/85 mm Hg
• Glycated hemoglobin 1 nthawi m'miyezi 3-4 Osaposa 7.5%
• Kutsimikiza kwa mapuloteni mu mkodzo Osachepera 1-2 pachaka Kusowa kapena osapitirira 30 mg / tsiku
• Pitani ku ophthalmologist 1-2 pachaka; Palibe kusintha kwa fundus

Zowonjezera Zokhudza Chikumbutso cha Matenda A shuga

Aliyense wodwala matenda ashuga, kuti asadwale matenda ake ndi zovuta zina zotheka, ayenera kutsatira malangizo omwe akatswiri amapanga kuti matenda asapitirire.

Njira yovuta yopatsirana, kuchuluka kwa insulini kapena jekeseni wosadziwika, malingaliro kapena kuchuluka kwa thupi, kuphwanya njira yatsiku ndi tsiku ndi zifukwa zina kungapangitse matenda, ndikuthandizira kukulira matenda a shuga.

Mtundu wachiwiri wa shuga umasiya chizindikiritso chake pa ntchito zamunthu. Mukamasankha ntchito, ndikofunikira kulingalira zoletsa zomwe zimakhazikitsidwa pazikhalidwe za matenda.

Ndikofunika kudziwa kuti matenda opatsirana samakhala ngati cholepheretsa moyo wabwinobwino, ku banja ndi maubale.

Malangizo kwa odwala matenda ashuga:

• Kuti muzindikire komanso kupewa kukula kwa matendawa mu ana anu, muyenera kupenda mwana wanu kangapo pachaka.
• Pofuna kupewa zovuta zamatenda, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti mudzacheze dokotala pafupipafupi.

Mfundo zotsatirazi zimagwira ntchito monga chisonyezo cha matenda omwe adalipidwa: kukhala bwino, kugwira ntchito bwino, kusowa ludzu kosatha, kuuma pamlomo wamkamwa, palibe zizindikiro zowonetsera, dongosolo lamkati lamanjenje.

Wodwala matenda ashuga ayenera kukhala naye nthawi zonse kapena kukhala nawo pagulu la "Khadi la odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga", omwe amafunikira chithandizo chamankhwala chadzidzidzi ngati akudwala.

Kupewa kwa mtundu woyamba wa matenda ashuga

Matenda a shuga a Type 1 ndi njira yotsatsira yomwe maselo a pancreatic samatulutsa insulini yofunikira.Zinthu zakunja zimatha kudzetsa matendawa: matenda a autoimmune, kachilombo ka HIV ndi ena.

Kutengera ndi ziwerengero zochokera ku World Health Organisation, titha kunena kuti pakati pa odwala matendawa pali ana ambiri omwe sanalandire kuyamwitsa kuyambira pobadwa kwawo.

Izi zimachitika chifukwa chakuti chosakanikacho chopanga chili ndi mkaka wazakudya za mkaka wa ng'ombe, zomwe zimatha kusokoneza magwiridwe antchito a kapamba.

Kuphatikiza apo, kuyamwitsa kumathandizira kulimbitsa chitetezo cha mwana, chifukwa chake, kumachepetsa mwayi wa matenda opatsirana komanso ma virus. Ichi ndichifukwa chake kudyetsa kwachilengedwe kwa mwana ndiye njira yabwino kwambiri yotetezera matenda ashuga 1.

Kwa ana omwe ali pachiwopsezo, ma pathologies a chilengedwe opatsirana amakhala owopsa kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, monga prophylaxis, tikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito ma immunostimulants ndi mankhwala ena kulimbitsa chitetezo chathupi.

Kupewa kwa mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga

Mwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga, opitilira 90% odwala ali ndi mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda. Poyerekeza ndi zomwe zimachitika m'mawuwa, timadzi tomwe timapangidwa ndi kapamba siziwoneka ndi zofewa za thupi, chifukwa chake sizitenga nawo gawo pakugwiritsa ntchito shuga.

Zomwe zimayambitsa mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda a shuga zitha kukhala zotsatirazi: kunenepa kwambiri kapena kunenepa kwambiri nthawi iliyonse, moyo wokhalitsa, womwe umathandizanso kuti munthu azikwana mapaundi owonjezera, kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi, zomwe zimaphatikizapo zakudya zambiri, shuga ndi mafuta.

Kuphatikiza apo, pali chinthu china chomwe chingayambitse kukula kwachiwiri kwa matenda ashuga. Asayansi akhazikitsa kuti mtundu wina wamtundu ungathe kupatsidwanso cholowa, chomwe, mothandizidwa ndi zovuta zina, chimayambitsa kuphwanya magwiridwe antchito a kapamba.

Njira zopewera matenda ashuga zimaphatikizapo mfundo ziwiri:

1. Zakudya zoyenera.
2. Zochita zolimbitsa thupi zokwanira.

Zimatsimikiziridwa kuti katundu wochita masewera olimbitsa thupi amathandizira kusintha kwa metabolic mthupi, amathandizira kuti glucose adye, ndipo nthawi yomweyo amawonjezera chidwi cha minofu yofewa kupita ku insulin.

Ma memo a shuga sayenera kukhala osakhalitsa, koma njira ya moyo yomwe muyenera kutsatira.

Khalani ndi chidwi ndi thanzi lanu!

Wodwala yemwe ali ndi matenda osokoneza bongo kapena pamaso pa odwala matenda a shuga ayenera kukumbukira kuti ndikofunikira kutsatira mosamalitsa zomwe adokotala amapeza komanso osafuna kudzimvera! Kudzichitira nokha mankhwala kumakulitsa chiopsezo cha zovuta.

Mutha kukhala moyo ndi matenda ashuga - chachikulu ndichakuti mudziteteze ku zovuta, ndipo ngati zina mwa izo zayamba kale, musawalole kupita patsogolo!

Zambiri zakonzedwa ndi mutu. nduna yopewetsa zamankhwala, dokotala wa apamwamba kwambiri S.V. Shabardine

Ndipofunika liti kuganizira za matenda ashuga?

Ngati munthu ali ndi kunenepa kwambiri kapena mapaundi owonjezera, omwe akhazikika m'dera la m'chiuno, ndiye kuti pali mwayi wokhala ndi matenda a shuga. Kuti mumvetsetse ngati munthu ali pachiwopsezo kapena ayi, muyenera kugawa m'chiuno ndi m'chiuno.

Pamene kwa amuna chiwerengerocho ndichoposa 0.95, ndipo kwa kugonana kwabwino kuposa 0.85, ndiye kuti anthuwa ali pachiwopsezo.

Gululi limaphatikizanso azimayi omwe, munthawi yobala mwana, adapeza zoposa ma kilogalamu 17, pomwe adabereka mwana yemwe akulemera kuposa kilogalamu 4. Ngakhale kulemera kumadzakhala kwabwinoko mwana akangobadwa, ndiye kuti patatha zaka 10-15 mwayi wopeza matenda a shuga suwulitsidwa.

Komabe, ngati mukuganiza za kuthekera kotereku akangobadwa mwana, pitani m'masewera, idyani moyenera komanso moyenera, ndiye kuti mungathe kubwezeretsanso magwiridwe antchito a metabolic ndikutchingira kukula kwa matenda.

Kupewa matenda ashuga ndi dalitsulo la thupi lonse. Njira yoyenera yodyetsera thanzi, kuchita zolimbitsa thupi mokwanira, komanso kuwongolera kunenepa kwambiri ndizomwe zimathandiza kupewa zovuta zambiri za matenda. Akatswiri azikambirana popewa matenda a shuga mu kanema munkhaniyi.

Sonyezani shuga yanu kapena sankhani jenda kuti muyimikize.

Kodi simukusowa "kuphonya" kwa matenda ashuga ndi zovuta zake zamtima?

Type 2 shuga mellitus nthawi zambiri amakhudzidwa ndi anthu opitilira zaka 40. Matenda a shuga sangatengedwe ngati chimfine kapena chifuwa chachikulu. Zomwe zimayambitsa kukula ndi kubadwa kwa makolo komanso kunenepa kwambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, kupsinjika kwamanjenje, kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi, matenda am'mimba, matenda am'mimba, komanso ukalamba zimathandizira kukulitsa shuga. Ndi kuchuluka kwa zaka khumi zilizonse, kuthekera kwa matenda ashuga kumachulukanso 2.

Mu matendawa, kapamba amapanga insulin, koma sagwira ntchito bwino (makamaka chifukwa cha minyewa yambiri ya adipose). Zotsatira zake, shuga wambiri amadziunjikira m'magazi ndipo mulingo wake umakwera. Pang'onopang'ono, kapamba amachepa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti insulin ichuluke komanso kuwonjezeka kwakukulu kwa shuga m'magazi - hyperglycemia yokhazikika imayamba.

Hyperglycemia - shuga wowonjezera wamagazi kuposa abwinobwino.

Magazi a shuga wamba:

Kusala kudya (musanadye) 3.3-5.5 mmol / L

Maola awiri mutatha kudya, mpaka 7.8 mmol / L

- opitilira 50% odwala alibe zizindikiro,