Malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito mankhwala a Bayeta

Yothetsera subcutaneous makina - 1 ml:

yogwira zinthu: exenatide - 250 mcg,
excipients: sodium acetate trihydrate, glacial acetic acid, mannitol, metacresol, madzi d / i.

M'matumba a syringe okhala ndi makatoni a 1,2 kapena 2.4 ml, papaketi yamakalata 1 syringe.

Njira yothetsera utsogoleri wa sc ndi yopanda utoto, wowonekera.

Zogulitsa. Pambuyo pakuyamwa kwa exenatide muyezo wa 10 μg kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga 2, exenatide amatengeka msanga ndipo maola 2.1 akafika ku Cmax, omwe ndi 211 pg / ml. AUCo-inf ndi 1036 pg × h / ml. Mukawonetsedwa ndi exenatide, AUC imawonjezeka molingana ndi kuchuluka kwa mlingo kuchokera pa 5 mpaka 10 μg, pomwe palibe kuwonjezeka kwa Cmax. Zomwezi zimawonedwa ndi subcutaneous makonzedwe a exenatide pamimba, ntchafu kapena dzanja.

Kugawa. Kuchuluka kwa magawidwe (Vd) a exenatide pambuyo pa utsogoleri wa sc ndi 28.3 malita.

Kutetemera ndi chimbudzi. Exenatide imapangidwa makamaka ndi kusefera kwa glomerular kutsatiridwa ndi kuwonongeka kwa proteinolytic. Chilolezo cha Exenatide ndi 9.1 l / h. T1 / 2 yotsiriza ndi maola 2.4. Makhalidwe awa a pharmacokinetic a exenatide ndi mlingo wodziyimira pawokha. Miyezo yoyeserera ya exenatide imatsimikiziridwa pafupifupi maola 10 mutatha dosing.

Pharmacokinetics mu milandu yapadera yamankhwala. Odwala omwe ali ndi vuto lofooka kapena lochepetsa aimpso (Cl creatinine 30-80 ml / min), chilolezo cha exenatide sichimasiyana kwambiri ndi chilolezo cha odwala omwe ali ndi vuto lofanana laimpso, motero, kusintha kwa mankhwala sikofunikira. Komabe, mwa odwala omwe ali ndi vuto la aimpso omwe amalephera kudutsa dialysis, chilolezo chotsika chimatsitsidwa ku 0,9 l / h (poyerekeza ndi 9.1 l / h m'maphunziro athanzi).

Popeza exenatide imakhala yotulutsidwa ndi impso, akukhulupirira kuti chiwindi ntchito sichitha kusintha kuchuluka kwa magazi m'magazi.

M'badwo sizikhudza mawonekedwe a pharmacokinetic a exenatide. Chifukwa chake, odwala okalamba sayenera kuchita kusintha kwa mlingo.

Ma pharmacokinetics a exenatide mwa ana sanaphunzire.

Palibe kusiyana kwakanema pakati pa amuna ndi akazi omwe ali mu pharmacokinetics of exenatide.

Ma pharmacokinetics a exenatide mwa oyimira mafuko osiyanasiyana samasintha. Kusintha kwa mankhwalawa kutengera mtundu wa makolo sikofunikira.

Palibenso kulumikizana kowoneka bwino pakati pa body index index (BMI) ndi exenatide pharmacokinetics. Kusintha kwa Mlingo woyambira BMI sikofunikira.

Exenatide (Exendin-4) ndi incretin mimetic ndipo ndi 39-amino acid amidopeptide. Ma insretins, monga glucagon-peptide-1 (GLP-1), amalimbikitsa kuteteza shuga m'magazi, amasintha ntchito ya beta, kuponderezana mosabisa kutulutsa glucagon ndikuchepetsa m'matumbo atalowetsa magazi ambiri kuchokera m'matumbo. Exenatide ndi mphamvu ya incretin mimetic yomwe imapangitsa kuti shuga ikhale yolimba ndipo imakhala ndi zotsatirapo zina za hypoglycemic zomwe zimapangidwa ndi ma insretins, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti glycemic control mu odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a 2.

Mndandanda wa amino acid wa exenatide pang'ono umafanana ndi kufanana kwa anthu a GLP-1, chifukwa chomwe chimamangiriza ndikuyambitsa zolandilira za GLP-1 mwa anthu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chiwonetsero cha glucose chizidalira komanso kutulutsa kwa insulin kuchokera ku maselo a beta othandizira pancreatic beta komanso nawo cyclic adenosine monophosphate (AMP) ndi / kapena njira zina zowonetsera ma intracellular. Exenatide imathandizira kutulutsa kwa insulin kuchokera ku maselo a beta pamaso pa kutsika kwa glucose.

Exenatide amasiyana mu kapangidwe ka mankhwala ndi zochita za pharmacological kuchokera ku insulin, zotumphukira za sulfonylurea, zotumphukira za D-phenylalanine ndi meglitinides, biguanides, thiazolidinediones ndi alpha-glucosidase inhibitors.

Exenatide imathandizira kuwongolera kwa glycemic mwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a 2 chifukwa cha machitidwe omwe alembedwa pansipa.

M'mikhalidwe ya hyperglycemic, exenatide imakulitsa katulutsidwe wama shuga a insulin kuchokera kuma cell a pancreatic beta. Katemera wa insuliniyu amathera pomwe kuchuluka kwa glucose m'magazi kumachepera ndipo kumayandikira mwachizolowezi, potero kumachepetsa chiopsezo cha hypoglycemia.

Kubisirana kwa insulin mkati mwa mphindi 10 zoyambirira, komwe kumadziwika kuti "gawo loyamba la mayankho a insulin", kulibe makamaka kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a mtundu wa 2. Kuphatikiza apo, kutayika kwa gawo loyamba la mayankho a insulin ndikusokonekera koyambirira kwa ntchito ya cell ya beta mu mtundu wachiwiri wa shuga. imabwezeretsa kapena imathandizira kwambiri gawo loyamba ndi lachiwiri la kuyankha kwa insulin mwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a 2.

Odwala ndi mtundu 2 matenda a shuga mellitus motsutsana maziko a hyperglycemia, makonzedwe a exenatide amachepetsa kwambiri secretion wa glucagon. Komabe, exenatide sichimasokoneza mayankho abwinobwino a glucagon ku hypoglycemia.

Zinawonetsedwa kuti kukhazikika kwa exenatide kumayambitsa kutsika kwa kudya komanso kuchepa kwa chakudya, kumalepheretsa matumbo, omwe amatsogolera pakuchepa kwake.

Odwala omwe ali ndi mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda a shuga, mankhwalawa a exenatide akuphatikizidwa ndi metformin ndi / kapena sulfonylurea kukonzekera kumayambitsa kutsika kwa glucose wamagazi, postprandial magazi glucose, ndi glycosylated hemoglobin index (HbA1c), potero kukonza kuwongolera kwa glycemic mwa odwala.

Mankhwala

Exenatide imathandizira kuwongolera kwa glycemic mwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a 2 chifukwa cha machitidwe omwe alembedwa pansipa.

Zinawonetsedwa kuti kukhazikika kwa exenatide kumayambitsa kutsika kwa kudya komanso kuchepa kwa chakudya, kumalepheretsa matumbo, omwe amatsogolera pakuchepa kwake.

Pharmacokinetics

Zogulitsa. Pambuyo pa s / c makonzedwe a exenatide pa mlingo wa 10 μg kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga 2, exenatide amatengeka msanga ndipo maola 2.1 akafika ku C_max omwe ndi 211 pg / ml. Auc_o-inf ndi 1036 pg × h / ml. Mukawonetsedwa ndi exenatide, AUC imawonjezeka molingana ndi kuchuluka kwa mlingo kuchokera pa 5 mpaka 10 μg, pomwe palibe kuchuluka kwa C_max. Zomwezi zimawonedwa ndi subcutaneous makonzedwe a exenatide pamimba, ntchafu kapena dzanja.

Kugawa. Kuchuluka kwa magawidwe (V_d ) exenatide pambuyo sc makonzedwe ndi 28.3 malita.

Kutetemera ndi chimbudzi. Exenatide imapangidwa makamaka ndi kusefera kwa glomerular kutsatiridwa ndi kuwonongeka kwa proteinolytic. Chilolezo cha Exenatide ndi 9.1 l / h. Chomaliza T_1/2 ndi maola 2.4 awa: Makhalidwe a pharmacokinetic a exenatide ali odziimira okha. Miyezo yoyeserera ya exenatide imatsimikiziridwa pafupifupi maola 10 mutatha dosing.

Pharmacokinetics mu milandu yapadera yamankhwala. Odwala omwe ali ndi vuto lofooka kapena lochepetsa aimpso (Cl creatinine 30-80 ml / min), chilolezo cha exenatide sichimasiyana kwambiri ndi chilolezo cha odwala omwe ali ndi vuto lofanana laimpso, motero, kusintha kwa mankhwala sikofunikira. Komabe, mwa odwala omwe ali ndi vuto la aimpso omwe amalephera kudutsa dialysis, chilolezo chotsika chimatsitsidwa ku 0,9 l / h (poyerekeza ndi 9.1 l / h m'maphunziro athanzi).

Popeza exenatide imakhala yotulutsidwa ndi impso, akukhulupirira kuti chiwindi ntchito sichitha kusintha kuchuluka kwa magazi m'magazi.

M'badwo sizikhudza mawonekedwe a pharmacokinetic a exenatide. Chifukwa chake, odwala okalamba sayenera kuchita kusintha kwa mlingo.

Ma pharmacokinetics a exenatide mwa ana sanaphunzire.

Palibe kusiyana kwakanema pakati pa amuna ndi akazi omwe ali mu pharmacokinetics of exenatide.

Ma pharmacokinetics a exenatide mwa oyimira mafuko osiyanasiyana samasintha. Kusintha kwa mankhwalawa kutengera mtundu wa makolo sikofunikira.

Palibenso kulumikizana kowoneka bwino pakati pa body index index (BMI) ndi exenatide pharmacokinetics. Kusintha kwa Mlingo woyambira BMI sikofunikira.

Contraindication

Hypersensitivity pamagawo a mankhwala,

lembani 1 matenda a shuga kapena kupezeka kwa matenda ashuga a ketoacidosis,

kulephera kwambiri kwa aimpso (Cl creatinine - m'mimba ndimatumbo a concomitant gastroparesis,

mkaka wa m'mawere (yoyamwitsa),

ana ochepera zaka 18 (chitetezo ndi mphamvu ya mankhwalawa mu ana sanakhazikitsidwe).

Zotsatira zoyipa

Zotsatira zoyipa zomwe zimachitika nthawi zambiri kuposa momwe zimakhalira padera zimalembedwa molingana ndi izi: pang'onopang'ono - ≥10%, nthawi zambiri - ≥1%, koma dongosolo lamitsempha lalikulu: Nthawi zambiri - chizungulire, kupweteka mutu, kawirikawiri - kugona.

Kuchokera ku endocrine system: Nthawi zambiri - hypoglycemia (kuphatikiza ndi mankhwala a sulfonylurea), nthawi zambiri - kumanjenjemera, kufooka, hyperhidrosis.

Zotsatira zoyipa: osowa - wotupa, kuyabwa, angioedema, osowa kwambiri - anaphylactic reaction.

Zina: Nthawi zambiri - zimachitika pakhungu jakisoni malo osowa - kuchepa kwa madzi m'thupi (kumalumikizana ndi mseru, kusanza komanso / kapena kutsekula m'mimba). Zochulukitsa zingapo za nthawi yowonjezera magazi (INR) imanenedwa ndi kugwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi imodzi kwa warfarin ndi exenatide, yomwe nthawi zina imayenderana ndi magazi.

Chifukwa chakuti pafupipafupi hypoglycemia imachulukana limodzi ndi makonzedwe olumikizana a Baeta ® okonzanso ndi zotumphukira za sulfonylurea, ndikofunikira kuti pakhale kuchepetsedwa kwa mlingo wa zotengera za sulfonylurea ndi chiopsezo chowonjezeka cha hypoglycemia. Magawo ambiri a hypoglycemia mwamphamvu anali ofatsa kapena olimbitsa ndipo anali kuyimitsidwa ndi kudya kwa pakamwa.

Mwambiri, zotsatilapo zake zinali zochepa kapena zolimbitsa kwambiri ndipo sizinachititse kuchoka pakulandila chithandizo. Nthawi zambiri, kunyodola kwamphamvu kofatsa kapena kozama kumadalira mlingo ndipo kumachepetsa pakapita nthawi, osasokoneza zochita za tsiku ndi tsiku.

Kuchita

Bayeta ® iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mosamala odwala omwe akumamwa mankhwala omwe amafunikira kuti atuluke msanga m'matumbo, chifukwa Baeta ® imachedwetsa kuyamwa. Odwala ayenera kulangizidwa kuti amwe mankhwala amkamwa, momwe zimadalira mphamvu zawo (mwachitsanzo, mankhwala a antibayotiki), osachepera ola limodzi musanayambitse exenatide. Ngati mankhwalawa amayenera kumwa ndi chakudya, ndiye kuti ayenera kumwedwa nthawi yomwe chakudya sichikuperekedwa.

Ndi munthawi yomweyo makonzedwe a digoxin (pa 0,25 mg 1 nthawi / tsiku) ndi Bayeta ®, C imachepa_max digoxin ndi 17%, ndi T_max ukuwonjezeka ndi maola 2,5. Komabe, zonse za pharmacokinetic zotsatira pamlingo wofanana sizisintha.

Poyerekeza zakumbuyo yakuyambira kwa Bayeta ® AUC ndi C_max lovastatin idatsika ndi pafupifupi 40 ndi 28%, motsatana, ndi T_max chinawonjezeka pafupifupi maola 4. Kugwirizana kwa Bayeta ® ndi zoletsa zowonjezera za HMG-CoA, sikunayendetsedwe ndi kusintha kwa kapangidwe ka magazi lipid (HDL cholesterol, cholesterol ya LDL, cholesterol yonse ndi triglycerides).

Odwala omwe ali ndi vuto lochepa kwambiri kapena lozama la okhazikika mwa osinopril (5-20 mg / tsiku), Bayeta ® sinasinthe AUC ndi C_max lisinopril pa equilibrium. T_max lisinopril pa equilibrium idakwera ndi maola 2. Panalibe kusintha pazomwe zikuwonetsa pafupifupi SBP ndi DBP tsiku lililonse.

Zinadziwika kuti ndikuyambitsa warfarin mphindi 30 pambuyo pokonzekera Bayeta ® T_max kuchuluka kwa pafupifupi maola 2. Kusintha kwakukulu C_max ndipo AUC sanawonedwe.

Kugwiritsa ntchito Bayeta ® kuphatikiza ndi insulin, D-phenylalanine, zotumphukira za meglitinides kapena alpha-glucosidase sizinaphunzire.

Mlingo ndi makonzedwe

S / c mpaka pa ntchafu, pamimba, kapena pamphumi.

Mlingo woyamba ndi 5 mcg, womwe umaperekedwa kawiri / tsiku lililonse nthawi iliyonse mphindi 60 musanadye chakudya cham'mawa ndi chamadzulo. Musamwe mankhwala mukatha kudya. Ngati jakisoni wa mankhwalawo akusowa, chithandizo chimapitilira osasintha mlingo.

Patatha mwezi umodzi chiyambire chithandizo, mlingo wa mankhwalawa ukhoza kuchuluka mpaka 10 mcg 2 nthawi / tsiku.

Kuphatikizidwa ndi metformin, thiazolidinedione, kapena kuphatikiza kwa mankhwalawa, mlingo woyambirira wa metformin ndi / kapena thiazolidinedione sungasinthidwe. Pankhani ya kuphatikiza kwa Bayeta ® ndi zotumphukira zochokera ku sulfonylurea, njira yochepetsera kupezeka kwa sulfonylurea ingafunike kuti muchepetse chiopsezo cha hypoglycemia.

Malangizo apadera

Ndiwosavomerezeka mu / mu kapena / m kayendetsedwe ka mankhwalawa.

Bayeta ® sayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati tinthu tating'onoting'ono tapezeka mu yankho kapena ngati njirayo ili ndi mitambo kapena ngati ili ndi banga.

Ma antibodies kuti atulutse thupi amatha kuoneka pa nthawi ya mankhwala ndi Bayeta ®. Komabe, izi sizikhudza pafupipafupi komanso mitundu yazotsatira zoyipa zomwe zaperekedwa.

Odwala ayenera kudziwitsidwa kuti kulandira chithandizo ndi Bayeta ® kungayambitse kuchepa kwa chilimbikitso ndi / kapena kulemera kwa thupi komanso kuti chifukwa cha izi palibe chifukwa chosinthira njira.

Odwala asanayambe chithandizo ndi Bayeta ® ayenera kudziwa bwino Chitsogozo chogwiritsa ntchito cholembera chokhomedwa ndi mankhwalawo.

Zotsatira za maphunziro oyesera

M'maphunziro oyesa mbewa ndi makoswe, palibe zotsatira zowononga thupi za exenatide. Makoswe atapatsidwa mlingo wa mankhwalidwe a 128 mwa anthu, kuchuluka kwa ma cell a C-cell adenomas kunadziwika popanda zisonyezo zilizonse, zomwe zimakhudzana ndi kuwonjezeka kwa nthawi yayitali ya nyama yoyesera yomwe ilandila exenatide.

Anatomical-achire-mankhwala gulu (ATX)

Anatomical-achire-mankhwala gulu (anatomical-achire-mankhwala, ATX) - dongosolo la mankhwala padziko lonse lapansi. Cholinga chachikulu cha ATX ndikupereka ziwerengero zamankhwala omwe amamwa.

Malinga ndi ATX, mankhwala a Bayeta ali m'gulu la "Mankhwala ena ochiza matenda a shuga".

Gulu la Nosological (ICD-10)

The International Classization of Diseases of the Tenth Revision (ICD-10) ndi njira yoyesera bwino pankhani yazoyang'anira zaumoyo, zamankhwala, zamatenda, komanso kuwunika momwe anthu alili pachipatala. Malinga ndi ICD-10, Bayeta (Exenatide), mankhwalawa angagwiritsidwe ntchito pa matenda otsatirawa:

E11 Matenda a shuga osadalira insulin (mtundu 2 matenda a shuga).

Yogwira pophika Baeta

Exenatide - incretinomimetic, kapangidwe kapangidwe kamene kamapezeka chifukwa cha kuyesetsa kwa Amylin Pharmaceuticals ndi Eli Lilly ndi Co Exenatide imachotsedwa pamapewa a buluzi wa Gila monster lizard (Hila lizard), yemwe amakhala ku Arizona, USA. Panthawi ina, akatswiri a zanyengo adakopa chidwi - abuluzi a Khila amatha kwanthawi yayitali (mpaka miyezi inayi) kuchita popanda chakudya. Pambuyo pake, asayansi omwe adaphunzira izi adazindikira kuti zikondamoyo zomwe amazitulutsa zimazimitsidwa munthawi ya "kusala" ndikutha kugwira ntchito. Exendin-4 (Exenatide), pamaziko omwe Bayeta ikukonzekera, amathandiza abuluzi kugaya chakudya.

Gross Formula Exenatide: C184 H282 N50 O60S.

Zina zosangalatsa pazamankhwala zimatha kupezeka mu gawo lolingana la portal.

Kutulutsa mawonekedwe ndi mlingo Baeta

Baeta imapezeka mu cholembera mumiyala iwiri:

yankho la subcutaneous makonzedwe a 250 μg / ml, ndi cartridge ya 1.2 ml mu cholembera (5 μg),
yankho la subcutaneous makonzedwe a 250 μg / ml, makatoni a 2.4 ml mu cholembera (10 μg).

Mlingo wofala kwambiri ku pharmacies ku Bayeta ndi 1.2 ml (5 mcg).

Katundu wa Baeta akuphatikizapo:

Dinani ndikugawana nkhaniyi ndi anzanu:

cholembera chokhala ndi yankho la subcutaneous makonzedwe,
malangizo a ntchito
cholembera syringe Buku
Phukusi la makatoni.

Zizindikiro Bayeta

Bayeta akuwonetsedwa kuti agwiritse ntchito pazinthu zotsatirazi:

Type 2 shuga mellitus monga monotherapy kuwonjezera pa zochitika zolimbitsa thupi ndi zakudya kuti mukwaniritse kuyang'anira koyenera kwa glycemic,
Type 2 shuga mellitus monga adjunct therapy to the sulfonylurea derivative, metformin, thiazolidinedione, kuphatikiza kwa metformin ndi sulfonylurea zotumphukira, kapena metformin ndi thiazolidinedione popanda chiwonetsero chokwanira cha glycemic.

Zotsatira zoyipa za Baeta

Kuchokera pakugwiritsa ntchito Baeta titha Zotsatira zotsatirazi zimawonedwa:

Kuchokera m'mimba:

nseru
kusanza
kutsegula m'mimba
kuchepa kwamtima
gastroesophageal Reflux,
dyspepsia
ukufalikira
kupweteka m'mimba
kudzimbidwa
kubwatula
chisangalalo
kuphwanya kukoma.

Kuchokera ku dongosolo lamanjenje lalikulu:

chizungulire
mutu
kugona

Kuchokera ku endocrine system:

kumanjenjemera
achina,
hyperhidrosis
kufooka.

angioedema,
zotupa
kuyabwa
anaphylactic reaction.

Zotsatira zina zoyipa:

kuyabwa, redness, kuzizira pamalowo jakisoni,
kusowa kwamadzi.

Byetoy wambiri

Ngati mankhwala osokoneza bongo a Bayeta (mlingo 10 nthawi yayikulu mlingo), zizindikiro zotsatirazi zimachitika:

kusanza
kwambiri nseru
Kukula mwachangu kwa hypoglycemia.

Kuchiza ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo a Bayeta kumaphatikizapo chithandizo chamankhwala, kuphatikiza shuga ndi glucose yovuta kwambiri.

Malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito byeta

Kuwerenga malangizo oti agwiritse ntchito sizimathandizira wodwala kuphunzira "Malangizo a kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka mankhwala "ili pabokosi lamakatoni okhala ndi syringe cholembera Baeta. Malangizo awa amagwiritsidwa ntchito pakugwiritsa ntchito yankho la subcutaneous makonzedwe a 250 μg / ml, mu cartridge ya 1, 2 ml mu cholembera (5 μg).

Kuti mupeze phindu lalikulu kuchokera kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi Bayeta, cholembera uyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito moyenera. Kulephera kutsatira malangizo ogwiritsa ntchito cholembera cha syringe Bayeta kungapangitse kuti mulowetse cholakwika, kuswa kwa cholembera, ndi matenda. Malangizo awa sagwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo mwa kufunsa adokotala za thanzi lanu kapena chithandizo cha mankhwala. Ngati pali zovuta kugwiritsa ntchito cholembera cha Bayeta, muyenera kufunsa dokotala. Cholembera cha syringe chili ndi mankhwala okwanira kugwiritsidwa ntchito masiku 30. Cholembera chimbirichi chimagwira ntchito yoyimira payokha.

Sikovomerezeka kusamutsa mankhwalawo kuchokera ku cholembera kupita ku syringe.

Ngati gawo lina lililonse la cholembera laphwanyika kapena lawonongeka, musagwiritse ntchito cholembera.

Sitikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito cholembera kwa anthu omwe atayika kwambiri kapena osawona bwino popanda thandizo la anthu owoneka bwino. Panthawi imeneyi, thandizo la munthu wophunzitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito cholembera lidzafunika.

Madokotala kapena ogwira ntchito zachipatala ayenera kutsatira malamulo okhazikitsidwa ndi singano.

Mukamagwiritsa ntchito cholembera cha Bayeta, muyenera kutsatira malangizo a jakisoni waukhondo omwe dokotala wanu wakupatsani.

Malinga ndi malangizo, Mankhwala a Bayeta amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati jekeseni wamafuta am'mimba, ntchafu kapena kutsogolo.

Panthawi yoyambira kugwiritsa ntchito, mankhwalawa amaperekedwa kuti azigwiritsidwa ntchito pa 5 mcg kawiri patsiku (m'mawa ndi maola a madzulo) kwa ola limodzi kapena ola limodzi asanadye. Pophwanya malamulo a Byet, mlingo sasintha. Patatha masiku 30 chiyambire kumwa kwa jakisoni kumawonjezeka mpaka 10 mg (kawiri pa tsiku).

Mankhwala sayenera kuperekedwa pambuyo chakudya. Iwo ali osavomerezeka kuti apereke mankhwalawa kudzera m'mitsempha kapena m'mitsempha. Ngati tinthu tachilendo tikupezeka mu yankho, kapena ngati yankho lokha ili ndi mitambo kapena tili ndi utoto, kukonzekera kwa Bayeta sikuyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito.

M'malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito, muyenera kusiya zolemba zenizeni ndi tsiku woyamba gwiritsani ntchito cholembera.

Kugwiritsa ntchito cholembera cha syringe kwa Bayeta kumachitika patadutsa masiku 30 kuchokera nthawi yoyamba kugwiritsa ntchito, bola njira yokhazikitsira cholembera chatsopano itachitika. Patatha masiku 30 kuchokera pa ntchito yoyamba, cholembera cha Baeta chikuyenera kutayidwa, ngakhale sichikhala wopanda kanthu.

Cholembera cha Baeta sichiyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito atamaliza ntchito kumaliza tsiku lakupanga.

Ngati ndi kotheka, pukuta cholembera kunja ndi nsalu yoyera komanso yofewa.

Mukamagwiritsa ntchito cholembera, tinthu tating'onoting'ono tingaoneke kumapeto kwa katiriji, komwe kuyenera
chotsani ndi nsalu kapena thonje swab wothira mowa.

Ndi kuphatikiza kwa Bayet ndi metformin, thiazolidinedione, kapena kuphatikiza kwa mankhwalawa, mlingo woyambira wa metformin ndi / kapena thiazolidinedione sungasinthidwe.

Kuphatikiza kwa Baeta ndi zotumphukira za sulfonylurea kungafune kutsitsidwa muyezo wa zotuluka za sulfonylurea kuti muchepetse chiopsezo cha hypoglycemia.

Asanayambe chithandizo ndi Baeta, wodwalayo awerenge malangizo "Maupangiri ogwiritsa ntchito cholembera".

Baeta imafuna kusamala kwa odwala omwe amamwa mankhwalawa omwe amafunika kuti atuluke msanga m'mimba - Baeta ikhoza kuchepera m'mimba. Odwala ayenera kulangizidwa kuti amwe mankhwala omwe amamwa pakamwa, momwe amadzidalira potengera ndende yawo (maantibayotiki), ola limodzi asanakonzekere Bayet. Ngati mankhwalawa atengedwa limodzi ndi chakudya, ayenera kumwedwa panthawi ya chakudya pamene Baeta sigwiritsidwa ntchito.

Popereka mankhwala a Baeta osakanikirana ndi digoxin (pa 0,25 mg kamodzi pa tsiku), Cmax ya digoxin imatsika ndi 17%, Tmax imawonjezeka ndi maola awiri ndi theka. Pankhaniyi, zonse pharmacokinetic zotsatira pazofanana sizisintha. Poyerekeza ndi momwe kukhazikitsidwa kwa mankhwala a Bayet kumakhalira, Cmax ya lovastatin ndi AUC idatsika ndi 28 ndi 40%, motero. Tmax inachuluka pafupifupi maola anayi. Kukhazikitsa kwa HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor ndi Bayeta sikumayenderana ndi kusintha kwa kapangidwe ka magazi lipid (triglycerides, cholesterol-lipoproteins, high-density cholesterol-lipoproteins, and whole cholesterol).

Odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ochepa kapena oletsa kuchepa kwa magazi, okhazikika ndi lisinopril (5-20 mg patsiku), Bayeta sinasinthe Cmax ya lisinopril ndi AUC pa kufanana. Tmax ya lisinopril pamlingo wofanana inachuluka ndi 2 hours. Kusintha kwa tsiku ndi tsiku kumatanthauza kuchepa magazi kwa diastolic sikunawonedwe.

Ndi kukhazikitsidwa kwa warfarin mphindi makumi atatu mutatenga Bayeta, Tmax imawonjezeka ndi 2 maola. Palibe kusintha kwakukuru mu Cmax ndi AUC komwe kunawonedwa. Kugwiritsa ntchito Baeta kuphatikiza ndi insulin, meglitinides, zotumphukira za D-phenylalanine, kapena alpha-glucosidase inhibitors sizinaphunzire.

Kupeza zotsatira zabwino pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a Bayeta sichitha kufunika kowunikira mwadongosolo thanzi la wodwala ndi akatswiri oyenerera, madokotala a zipatala, zipatala, zipatala, malo antchito, ndi mabungwe ena apadera. Kuzindikiritsa kwakanthawi, kukhazikitsa njira zopewera kumathandizira zotsatira zamankhwala.

Syringe chole Cheke

Musanayambe kugwiritsa ntchito cholembera cha Bayeta syringe, sambani m'manja. Ndikofunikira kuyang'ana chizindikiro cholembera cholembera kuti mutsimikizire kuti cholembera cha ma syringe ndi ma 5 kg. Chotsani thumba la buluu la cholembera.

Muyenera kuyang'ana mankhwala a Bayeta mu cartridge. Njira yothetsera vutoli iyenera kukhala yowonekera, yopanda utoto, yopanda zinthu zachilendo. Pakusagwirizana, musagwiritse ntchito cholembera.

Kuphatikiza singano ndi cholembera

Ndikofunikira kuchotsa chololembera papepala lakunja kwa singano, ndikuyika singano ndi kapu yakunja mwachindunji pa axis pa cholembera, kenako ndikulowetsani singano kufikira itakhazikika. Yang'anani zolimba.

Ndikofunikira kuchotsa kapu yakunja ya singano. Chophimba chija sichiyenera kutayidwa - chidzafunika kuyika mbali yakuthwa ya singano musanataye. Osataya masingano popanda chovala chakunja.

Chotsani singano yamkati ndikuitaya. Nthawi zina, dontho laling'ono la yankho lakukonzekera Baeta limawonekera kumapeto kwa singano, izi ndizabwinobwino.

Dosing Baeta

Onetsetsani kuti chizindikiro cha "muvi wamanja" chikuwonetsedwa pazenera. Ngati sichoncho, sinthani dontho kukhala momwe likutsikira mpaka litayima, mpaka chizindikiro cha "muvi wolondola" chiwonekere pazenera

Ndikofunikira kubwezera mphete ya syringe mpaka itayimitsa, mpaka chizindikiro cha mivi chokwera chikawonekere pazenera la mankhwalawo. Kuchotsera kwa kapu kuyenera kuchitidwa poyenda pang'onopang'ono, popanda kuchita khama.

Sinthani mphete ya Baeta pang'onopang'ono mpaka chizindikiro cha "5" chiwonekere. Muyenera kuwonetsetsa kuti manambala "5" omwe ali ndi mzere pansipa ali pakatikati pa zenera la mankhwalawo.

Kukonzekera kwa cholembera

Ndikofunikira kuyimitsa cholembera m'njira yoti singano ikuwonekere patali ndi inu. Kukonzekera kwa cholembera cha syringe ya Bayeta kuyenera kuchitika mokwanira.

Muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito chala chanu kuti mukanikizire mwamphamvu batani loyendetsera Bayeta kuimitsa, pambuyo pake, ndikupitilizabe batani loyendetsa mankhwalawo, pang'ono pang'onopang'ono mpaka asanu.

Kukonzekera kwa cholembera kumayesedwa kuti kumalizidwa ngati chizindikiro "chachitatu" chikuwonekera pakati pazenera la dotolo, kupendekera kapena madontho ochepa a yankho la Bayeta kumawonekera pachimake pa singano.

Kukonzekera Kwathunthu kwa Syringe

Sinthani mlingo womwe ukulira pang'onopang'ono mpaka atayima mpaka chizindikiro cha "muvi wolondola" chiwonekere pazenera la mlingo.

Kukonzekera kwa cholembera kwatsopano kwatha. Musabwerezenso masitepewo kuti mukonze cholembera chatsopano kugwiritsa ntchito tsiku lililonse. Ngati izi zachitika, kukonzekera kwa Bayeta kutha ntchito isanathe masiku 30 ogwiritsa ntchito.

Dosing Bayeta

Kugwira cholembera cha Bayet cholimba, ikani singano pakhungu. Mukamapereka mankhwalawa, gwiritsani ntchito njira yoyenera yoyeretsera yomwe madokotala amakupatsirani.

Pogwiritsa ntchito chala chanu, ndikanikizani batani loyimira kuti muyime, ndiye, mukapitiliza kugwirizira batani la mlingo, pang'onopang'ono mulembe mpaka 5 kuti mulingo wonse udalowe.

Jakisoni amaonedwa kuti ndi wathunthu pamene chizindikiro "patatu" chikuwonekera pakatikati pa zenera la mlingo. Cholembera chimbira chimangokonzekera chokhacho cha kukhazikitsa mlingo watsopano.

Ngati jakisoni atamwa madontho ochepa a mankhwala a Bayeta atadontha kuchokera ku singano, izi zikutanthauza kuti batani la mlingo silinapanikizidwe kwathunthu.

Kuchotsa ndikutulutsa singano zaSing'anga

Sulani singano mosamala pambuyo pobayira iliyonse ndi syringe ya Baeta. Mukamaliza singano, ikani singano yakunja ndi singano.

Pambuyo povula singano, ikani chophimba cha buluu pa cholembera cha syringe ya Bayeta musanachisunge. Kusunga cholembera popanda chovala sikungovomerezeka.

Singano yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito iyenera kuponyedwa mchidebe chogwirizira. M'pofunika kutsatira malangizo ena a adokotala.

Mafunso okhudza kugwiritsa ntchito Bayeta Syringe pen

Kodi ndifunika kukonzekera cholembera chatsopano cha Bayeta kuti chikagwiritsidwe ntchito musanamwe?

Ayi. Kukonzekera kwa cholembera chatsopano cha Bayeta kuti mugwiritse ntchito kumachitika kamodzi - isanagwiritse ntchito. Cholinga cha kukonzekera ndikuwonetsetsa kuti cholembera cha syringe cha Bayeta ndi chokonzeka kugwiritsidwa ntchito masiku 30 otsatira. Mukakonzanso cholembera chatsopano, musanakonzere mlingo uliwonse wa Bayeta, sipadzakhala masiku okwanira 30. Kukonzekera pang'ono kwa Bayeta komwe kumagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonzera cholembera chatsopano kuti agwiritse ntchito sikungawonongeretu masiku 30 okonzekera Bayeta.

Kodi ndichifukwa chiyani pali ma thovu mu mpweya ku Byet cartridge?

Kukhalapo kwa bubble yaying'ono ya mpweya mu cartridge ndi chikhalidwe chokhazikika chomwe sichikhudza mlingo. Ngati cholembera cha syringe chikasungidwa ndi singano yomata nacho, pamenepa ma thovu am'mimba amatha kupanga cartridge. Osasunga cholembera ndi singano yake.

Ndichite chiyani ngati yankho la Bayeta silikuwoneka kumapeto kwa singano pambuyo poyesera kanayi kukonzekera cholembera chatsopano kuti chigwiritsike ntchito?

Zikatero, singano iyenera kulumikizidwa ndikuyika pakhungu lakunja kwa singano, ndikuchotsa singano ndikuitaya. Phatikizani singano yatsopano ndikubwereza ndondomeko pokonzekera cholembera chatsopano kuti mugwiritse ntchito. Pakaponya dontho kapena pang'onopang'ono yankho la mankhwalawo kumapeto kwa singano, kukonzekera kwa cholembera kumatha.

Chifukwa chiyani yankho la Bayeta limatuluka mu singano atatha jakisoni?

Amawona kuti ndi abwinobwino ngati, utatha jakisoni, dontho la mankhwala litha kumapeto kwa singano.

Ngati dontho limodzi limawonedwa kumapeto kwa singano:

Mlingo sunalandiridwe kwathunthu. Musamapereke mlingo musanapemphe chithandizo,
Kuti mupewe kubwereza zomwe zikuchitika, molondola pakumwa mlingo wotsatira, kanikizani ndikudina batani la muyeso ndikumawerengera pang'ono.

Kodi ndingadziwe bwanji kuti jakisoni wa Baetoy watha?

Jakisoni amawona kuti ndi athunthu ngati:

Dinani batani lidakanikizidwa ndikugwira zolimba mpaka pomwe lidayima,
Atagwira batani m'malo opezekanso, wodwalayo pang'ono pang'ono anawerengera mpaka asanu, singano panthawiyo inali pakhungu.
Chizindikiro "chachitatu" chinali pakati pa zenera la mankhwalawa nthawi yomwe akuchitika.

Ndibayikize pati Bayeta?

Byeta amalowetsedwa pamimba, ntchafu kapena phewa pogwiritsa ntchito jakisoni wololedwa ndi dokotala.

Ndichite chiyani ngati sindingathe kukoka, kuzungulira, kapena kudina mphete ya Bayet syringe?

Chongani chizindikirocho pazenera. Tsatirani malangizo omwe ali pafupi ndi chikwangwani chofananira.

Ngati chizindikiro cha "muvi wamanja" chikawonetsedwa pazenera la dotolo:

Kokani mphete yoyeserera mpaka muvi utakwera.

Ngati chizindikiro cha mivi chakuwonetsedwa chikuwonekera pawindo la mlingo ndikuti mphete yolowera siyikuzungulira:

Mwina palibe mankhwala okwanira omwe amasiyidwa mu cholembera cha Bayet syringe cholembera kudzaza mlingo wonse. Bayeta yaying'ono nthawi zonse imasiyidwa m'makatoni. Ngati mankhwalawa atsala pang'ono kuikidwa mukatoni kapena akuwoneka kuti mulibe kanthu, pamafunika izi kuti mupeze cholembera chatsopano cha Bayet.

Ngati chizindikiro "mmwamba" ndi chizindikiro "5" chikuwonetsedwa pazenera la mankhwalawo, ndipo mphete yolowera pamankhwala siikakamizidwa:

Mphete yokhala muyezo wa mankhwalawa sinali kuzungulira kwathunthu. Pitilizani kutembenuza mulingo wogwirizira nthawi yomweyo mpaka chizindikiro cha "5" chiwonekere pakati pazenera.

Ngati chizindikiro "5" komanso chizindikirocho "chachitatu" chikuwonekera pang'ono pazenera la dotolo, ndipo mphete yomwe ilili pamiyeso siyikakamizidwa:

Singano imatha kuvekedwa, kukoka, kapena kulumikizidwa molakwika,

Gomerani singano yatsopano. Onetsetsani kuti singano ili molunjika pachikhazikiko ndipo idakulungidwa m'njira yonse,
Kanikizani batani la mlingo mpaka litayima. Bayeta iyenera kuwonekera kumapeto kwa singano.

Chizindikiro chachitatu chikasonyezedwa pawindo la mlingo ndipo mphete yolowera siyikuzungulira:

Batani la mlingo wa Byeta silinapanikizidwe mokwanira ndipo mlingo wathunthu sunaperekedwe. Muyenera kufunsa dokotala zoyenera kuchita ngati mukulimbikitsa kuti mupeze mankhwala osakwanira.

Malangizo otsatirawa ayenera kutsatidwa kuti akhazikitsenso cholembera cha Bayet kuti mupeze jakisoni wotsatira:

Kanikizani batani la mlingo mpaka litayima. Kupitiliza kugwira batani la mlingo m'malo obwezeretsedwanso, pang'onopang'ono muwerenge mpaka faifi. Kenako sinthani dontho kukhala mozungulira mpaka chizindikiro cha "muvi wamanja" chiziwonekera pazenera.
Ngati mukulephera kutembenuzira mulingo wokhala ndi mlingo, ndiye kuti singano ingavulidwe. Sinthanitsani singano ndikubwereza ntchito yomwe tafotokozayi.

Kuti mupeze mlingo wotsatira wa Baeta, kanikizani ndikuyika batani la muyeso ndikuwasiya pang'onopang'ono mpaka isanu musanachotsere singano.

Mafunso okhudza masingano a Syringe Pen Baeta

Kodi ndingagwiritse ntchito singano yamtundu wanji ndi cholembera cha Baeta?

Singano sakuphatikizidwa ndi cholembera cha syringe Bayet. Kuti mugule singano muchipatala, mumafunika mankhwala. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito cholembera cha Bayet syringe, ma singano otayika omwe amayenera kupangira cholembera 12, 7 mm, 8 mm kapena 5 mm kutalika (mainchesi 0, 25-0, 33 mm) ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Kutalika ndi mainchesi ofunikira kuti mugwiritse ntchito kuyenera kuwonana ndi dokotala.

Kodi ndikufunika kugwiritsa ntchito singano yatsopano pa jekeseni lililonse la Bayeta?

Singano yatsopano iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pobayira iliyonse. Kugwiritsa ntchito singano mobwerezabwereza sikuloledwa. Pambuyo pa jakisoni, singano iyenera kuti idulidwe, izi zimathandiza kupewa kutayikira kwa cholembera cha syringe Bay, kapangidwe ka thovu, kumachepetsa mwayi wotseka singano, ndikuchepetsa chiopsezo cha matenda.

Osasuntha batani la mlingo ngati singano silikuphatikizika ndi cholembera.

Kodi ndingataye bwanji singano nditatha kugwiritsa ntchito Byet?

Ma singano omwe agwiritsidwa ntchito amayenera kuponyedwa mumtsuko wogwiritsa ntchito kupuma, kapena kutsatira malangizo a dokotala. Osataya cholembera ndi singano yomata nayo. Osasuntha syringe kapena singano ya Baeta kwa ena.

Kusungirako kwa Baeta

Kusungidwa kwa cholembera chosagwiritsika ntchito kwa Bayeta kumachitika mu kakhitchini koyambirira koikidwa mufiriji pamtunda wa 2-8 ° C, m'malo amdima. Mukasunga cholembera cha syringe ya Bayeta, sayenera kuzizira. Ngati kukonzaku kunazizira panthawi yosungirako, kugwiritsa ntchito kwina ndikololedwa.

Mukamagwiritsa ntchito, cholembera cha syringe cha Bayeta chikuyenera kusungidwa pa kutentha osaposa 25 ° C osapitirira masiku 30.

Osasunga cholembera cha Byeta ndi singano yomata. Ngati singano yatsala kuti ikanikizidwe, yankho la Bayeta lithe kutuluka mu cholembera, ma thovu amomwe amapezeka mkati mwa katoni.

Kusungidwa kwa Byet sikutheka kwa ana.

Moyo wa alumali wa Baeta ndi miyezi 24 kuyambira tsiku lomwe amasulidwe mankhwalawo.

Baeta ndi Victoza

Kukonzekera kwa Baeta ndi Viktoza ndi ma incretin mimetics, amapangidwa m'makola a syringe kwa subcutaneous makonzedwe, ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda a shuga 2 a mellitus. Kugwiritsa ntchito mwadongosolo mankhwalawa kumathandizira kuchepetsa hemoglobin wa glycated ndi 1-1, 8% ndikuchepetsa thupi ndi ma kilogalamu anayi mpaka asanu kwa miyezi 10-12 yogwiritsidwa ntchito. Ngakhale pali magawo angapo, komanso magwiridwe antchito a Viktoza ndi Byet, kuyika kwa mankhwala ena kumadalira udokotala.

Mtengo Baeta (Exenatide)

Mtengo wa Exenatide Baeta Syringe Pens sichikuphatikiza mtengo wotumizira ngati mankhwalawo agulidwa kudzera pa shopu ya pa intaneti. Mitengo imatha kusiyanasiyana malingana ndi malo omwe mungagule ndi mlingo.

Russia (Moscow, St. Petersburg) kuyambira 3470 mpaka 6950 ma ruble aku Russia,
Ukraine (Kiev, Kharkov) kuyambira 1145 mpaka 2294 Chiyukireniya hhucnias,
Kazakhstan (Almaty, Temirtau) kuyambira 16344 mpaka 32735 Kazakhstan tenge,
Belarus (Minsk, Gomel) kuyambira 912610 mpaka 1827850 ma Belarusian,
Moldova (Chisinau) kuyambira 972 mpaka 1946 Moldovan Lei,
Kyrgyzstan (Bishkek, Osh) kuyambira 3,782 mpaka 7,576 Kyrgyz soms,
Uzbekistan (Tashkent, Samarkand) kuyambira 134567 mpaka 269521 Uzbek soums,
Azerbaijan (Baku, Ganja) kuyambira 51.7 mpaka 103.6 manats aku Azerbaijan,
Armenia (Yerevan, Gyumri) kuyambira 23839 mpaka 47747 madera aku Armenia,
Georgia (Tbilisi, Batumi) kuyambira 118.0 mpaka 236.3 Georgia lari,
Tajikistan (Dushanbe, Khujand) kuyambira 326.9 mpaka 654.7 Tajik somoni,
Turkmenistan (Ashgabat, Turkmenabat) kuyambira 167.6 mpaka 335.7 ma Turkmen manats atsopano.

Gulani Baeta

Kugula Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa mu zolembera za syringe Bayeta ku malo ogulitsa mankhwalawa pogwiritsa ntchito ntchito yosungitsa mankhwalawa, kuphatikizira. Musanagule Bayeta, muyenera kumveketsa masiku atha ntchito. Mutha kuyitanitsa Byet pamalo aliwonse omwe amapezeka pa intaneti, kugulitsa kumachitika ndi zobereka, mukamapereka mankhwala a dokotala.

Kugwiritsa ntchito Kufotokozera kwa Baeta

Kufotokozera kwa mankhwala a hypoglycemic Bayeta (Exenatide) patsamba lachipatala cha My Piritsi ndi buku latsatanetsatane "Malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito Byet". Musanagule ndikuyamba kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa, muyenera kudziwa malangizo omwe amavomerezedwa ndi wopanga, kufunsa katswiri wazamankhwala woyenerera, dokotala. Kafotokozedwe ka mankhwala a Bayeta (Exenatide) amaperekedwa kuti azidziwitsa ena chokha komanso sikuti chitsogozo chogwiritsira ntchito pakudziyang'anira nokha.