Njira zatsopano zothandizira odwala matenda ashuga komanso zamakono

Odwala omwe amapezeka ndi matenda a shuga amadziwa kuti matendawa sachiritsidwa. Pali mitundu iwiri ya matenda a shuga - odalira insulin (mtundu 1) komanso osadalira insulini (mtundu 2).

Chithandizo chokwanira chimangothandiza kuchepetsa shuga, komanso kupewa kukula kwa zovuta monga retinopathy, polyneuropathy, nephropathy, neuropathy, trophic zilonda, phazi la matenda ashuga.

Ichi ndichifukwa chake anthu nthawi zonse amakhala ndi chidwi ndi njira zatsopano zochizira matenda ashuga. Masiku ano, padziko lonse lapansi pali umboni woti matendawa amatha kuchiritsidwa kwathunthu ndikulowerera kwa opaleshoni yotulutsa ziwalo kapamba kapena ma beta. Njira zozizira zimangolola kuthandizira ku matenda.

Type 2 shuga

Pankhani yokhudza kuyendetsa bwino matenda a shuga, zimatsimikiziridwa kuti ngati kuwongolera bwino shuga mthupi kumachitika, ndiye kuti zovuta zochepetsedwa zimachepetsedwa.

Kutengera ndi chidziwitso chotere, zitha kutsimikiziridwa kuti cholinga chachikulu cha chithandizo cha matenda a m'mimba ndicho kubwezeretsa kwathunthu kwa zovuta za carbohydrate metabolism.

M'dziko lamakono, ndizosatheka kuti muchotse kwathunthu wodwala matendawa, koma ngati atayendetsedwa bwino, mutha kukhala moyo wonse.

Musanakandiwuzeni mankhwala aposachedwa omwe mankhwalawa amachokera ku matenda a shuga a 2, muyenera kuganizira za njira zakuchipatala:

1. Choyamba, chithandizo chawofatsa chimadalira munthu wodwala, chithunzi cha matenda. Dokotala wopita kuchipatala amawunika momwe wodwalayo alili, akuvomereza njira zodziwira matenda.
2. Kachiwiri, chithandizo chachikhalidwe chimakhala chovuta nthawi zonse, ndipo chimaphatikizapo osati mankhwala okha, komanso zakudya, zolimbitsa thupi, masewera, kuwongolera shuga mthupi, kuyendera dokotala pafupipafupi.
3. Chachitatu, ndi matenda amtundu wa 2, zizindikiro za kuwonongeka ziyenera kuthetsedwa. Ndipo chifukwa cha ichi, mankhwala a shuga amalimbikitsidwa kuti achepetse kuchuluka kwa shuga m'thupi, zomwe zimakuthandizani kuti mukwaniritse chindapusa cha kagayidwe kazakudya.
4. Muzochitika zomwe palibe achire, kapena osakwanira, kuchuluka kwa mapiritsi kumachulukitsidwa kuti muchepetse shuga, ndipo atatha kuphatikizidwa ndi mankhwala ena omwe ali ndi vuto lofananalo.
5. Chachinayi, njira iyi yochizira matenda amtundu wa shuga ndi yayitali kwambiri, ndipo imatha kutenga miyezi ingapo kufikira zaka zingapo molingana ndi nthawi.

Njira zamakono zamankhwala

Chatsopano mu chithandizo cha matenda am'mimba ndikuti njira zamankhwala zosokoneza bongo zikusintha. Mwanjira ina, pali kusintha kwa kuphatikiza kwa njira zodziwika kale za mankhwala. Kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa chithandizo cha matenda ashuga amtundu wa 2 omwe ali ndi njira zatsopano ndikuti madokotala amakhazikitsa cholinga - kukwaniritsa chindapusa cha shuga panthawi yochepa kwambiri, ndikusintha shuga m'thupi mwazofunikira, osawopa madontho.

Chithandizo cha matenda ashuga omwe ali ndi njira zamakono zimaphatikizapo njira zitatu zazikulu:

1. Kugwiritsa ntchito Metformin. Zimayenda bwino ndi insulin ndi sulfonylureas. Metformin ndi mankhwala okwera mtengo omwe amangotsika ma ruble 60-80 okha. Mapiritsi sangathe kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa wodwala yemwe amadalira insulin (yothandiza mtundu wa 1 shuga).
2. Kukhazikitsidwa kwa mitundu ingapo ya mankhwala a hypoglycemic. Njira imeneyi imatha kuonjezera phindu la mankhwala.
3. Kukhazikitsidwa kwa insulin. Kuti zitheke, mapampu a insulin amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Ndizofunikira kudziwa kuti chizindikiro cha insulin chithandizo ndimadwala 1 omwe amadalira matenda a shuga komanso mtundu wa matenda a shuga wowonjezera 2.

Kuphatikiza apo, hemotherapy (kuthira magazi) ingagwiritsidwe ntchito. Amakhulupirira kuti njira yokhayi yomwe imagwirizanayi idzathandizira kuchepetsa kuthekera kwa kupita patsogolo kwa maselo a mtima.

Mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga, Metformin imathandizira kuchepetsa shuga m'thupi la wodwalayo, imawonjezera kutulutsa kwa minofu yofewa, imathandizira kutumphukira kwa shuga, imapangitsa njira zopewera thupi, komanso zimathandizira kuchepetsa kuyamwa kwa glucose m'mimba.

Lingaliro la mankhwala ndi mankhwalawa ndikuti mukwaniritse zochizira zonse zomwe zatchulidwa pamwambapa, ndizotheka pokhapokha mukachulukitsa kuchuluka kwa Metformin ndi 50 kapena ngakhale 100%.

Ponena za mfundo yachiwiri, cholinga cha izi ndikuwonjezera kupanga mahomoni m'thupi, ndikuchepetsa chitetezo cha wodwalayo ku insulin.

Amadziwika kuti maziko othandizira matenda amtundu wa 1 ndikuyambitsa insulin. Ndi majakisoni omwe amalembedwa kwa odwala nthawi yomweyo atazindikira matendawa. Monga momwe masewera amasonyezera, mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda amafunikanso kawirikawiri insulin.

Zotsatira za insulin yothandizira mtundu wa 2 matenda ashuga:

• Perekani pokhapokha ngati mankhwala atsopano ndi kuphatikiza kwawo sanapereke chithandizo chofunikira.
• Kukhazikitsidwa kwa insulin kumachitika motsutsana ndi maziko olamulira mwamphamvu shuga m'thupi la wodwalayo.
• Nthawi zambiri insulin imayendetsedwa mpaka shuga atasinthika. Ngati munthu wodwala matenda ashuga apola kuwonongeka kwa matenda ashuga, ndiye kuti chithandizo cha insulini chaumoyo wonse chikuwonetsedwa.

Dipeptidyl Peptidase Inhibitor - IV

Zaka ziwiri zokha zapitazo, mankhwala atsopano opatsa chiyembekezo adawonekera pamsika wapadziko lonse - dipeptidyl peptidase inhibitor - IV. Mankhwala oyamba omwe akuimira gululi ndi chinthu sitagliptin (dzina la malonda Januvia).

Mfundo zoyenera kuchitira mankhwalawa zimagwirizana kwambiri ndi zochita za mayamwidwe am'mimba. Kafukufuku wambiri wamankhwala awonetsa kuti mankhwalawa amatsitsa shuga m'magazi opanda kanthu.

Kuphatikiza apo, kuchuluka kwa shuga komwe kumatsikira mthupi kumatsika pambuyo podya, kumachepetsa kwambiri zomwe zili ndi glycated hemoglobin. Ndipo koposa zonse, mankhwalawa amathandizira kukonza pancreatic cell ntchito.

1. Wothandizila kuchiritsa samakhudza kulemera kwamthupi la wodwalayo mwanjira iliyonse, chifukwa chake ndizololedwa kupereka kwa odwala omwe onenepa kwambiri kapena onenepa kwambiri nthawi iliyonse.
2. Khalidwe lodziwika ndi kutalika kwa momwe ntchitoyo ikugwiritsidwira ntchito. Kutalika kwa zotsatira zake ndi maola 24, omwe amakupatsirani kumwa kamodzi patsiku.

Kupandukira kwa kapamba

Ngati tilingalira njira zaposachedwa zochizira matenda ashuga, ndiye kuti kupatsirana kwa kapamba kumadziwika. Izi zimachitika kuti opareshoniyo siwokongola. Mwachitsanzo, zisumbu zokha za Langerhans kapena maselo a beta ndi omwe amatha kuziyika kwa wodwala. Israeli ikuchita ntchito zamatekinoloje zomwe zimaphatikizana ndi kusintha kwa maselo a tsinde losintha lomwe limasandulika maselo a beta.

Mankhwalawa a shuga sangatchulidwe osavuta, chifukwa ndiokwera mtengo kwambiri. Pafupifupi, mtengo wamachitidwe opita patsogolo udzakhala madola 100-200 a US (poganizira mtengo wa wopereka). Asanamuchitire opaleshoni, wodwalayo amafunika kuchipeza. Mwa njira, ndi chitukuko cha pachimake kuwonongeka kwa matenda ashuga, kupatsidwa zina ndi zina, chifukwa wodwalayo sangathe kuchoka pa opaleshoni. Kuphatikiza apo, ndi kuwonongeka, mabala a postoperative amachiritsa bwino.