Kodi matenda ashuga 2 amatsogolera ku chiyani?

Kodi chimayambitsa matenda ashuga ndi chiyani? Funso ili ndilofunika kwambiri, popeza zambiri zimapereka chidziwitso chakuti pali anthu opitilira 300 miliyoni padziko lapansi omwe akudwala matenda "okoma".

Monga mukudziwa, matenda ashuga ndi matenda osachiritsika omwe amawonekera chifukwa cha kusokonekera kwa shuga pang'onopang'ono chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa thupi kapena insulin.

Zonsezi zimabweretsa kuti pakupita nthawi, ndikuphwanya magwiridwe antchito a kapamba, shuga amayamba kudziunjikira m'magazi a munthu, zimabweretsa zovuta zambiri.

Tiyeni tiwone mtundu wa shuga wa II womwe ungayambitse, ndipo kodi ndizotheka kupewa zovuta zoyipa za matendawa?

Zambiri

Musanaganizire zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha matenda ashuga, ndikofunikira kulingalira za matenda mwatsatanetsatane. Glucose (m'moyo watsiku ndi tsiku amatchedwa shuga) ndiye gwero lalikulu la zakudya m'thupi la munthu.

Izi zimatha kupezeka kokha podya chakudya. Pakukonza chakudya, shuga amamasulidwa, amadzimangiriza ku insulin pamaselo a ma cell, kenako amasinthidwa kukhala mphamvu, yomwe imalola kuti thupi lizigwira ntchito bwino komanso mokwanira.

Pamene magwiridwe antchito a kapamba amalephera, izi zimapangitsa kuchepa kwa kupanga kwa insulin mthupi la munthu. Popeza glucose sangatengeke pawokha, ndiye kuti, popanda mahomoni, kuphatikiza shuga m'magazi kumawonedwa.

Nthawi zambiri muzochitika zamankhwala pamakhala mtundu wa 1 ndi 2 mtundu wa matenda a shuga. Mtundu wachiwiri wamatenda umatha zaka 40, umayenda pang'onopang'ono. Kuphatikiza apo, zovuta zikuwoneka kale mukudwala.

Matenda a shuga a Type 1 amapezeka mwa achichepere, achinyamata, ndi ana aang'ono. Ngakhale kuti ntchito zamankhwala sizinakhazikitse zomwe zimayambitsa kukonzekera kwa matenda, nthawi zambiri zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi genetic.

Matendawa pawokha sawopseza moyo wa wodwalayo. Komabe, matenda oopsa a hyperglycemic state (kuchuluka kosalekeza kwa shuga) amasokoneza magwiridwe am'thupi ndi machitidwe, zomwe zimayambitsa zovuta zingapo mthupi.

Pali zovuta zowopsa zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwambiri kwa shuga m'magazi, komanso zotsatirapo zoyipa zomwe zimachitika chifukwa chokhala ndi shuga wambiri.

Chowopsa mawonekedwe

Nanga zingakhale zovuta zanji chifukwa cha matendawa? Kusiyanasiyana kwa magawo 3.3 mpaka 5.5 kumawerengedwa kuti ndiwo shuga. Ngati wodwala ali ndi shuga kuchokera ku 5.5 mpaka 6,9, pamenepa tikulankhula za prediabetesic state. Kupitilira magawo 7.0, mutha kulankhula bwinobwino za matenda ashuga.

Chithandizo cha mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda a shuga chimaphatikizapo zakudya zama carb ochepa, zolimbitsa thupi zolimbitsa thupi. Izi zimalepheretsa kuchuluka kwa shuga, pomwe zimakulitsa chidwi cha maselo kupita ku insulin ya mahomoni.

Komabe, osagwirizana ndi malangizowo amatsogolera ku dziko la hyperglycemic, shuga akamakwera magawo 20, 30 kapena kuposerapo. Vutoli limadziwika ndi chiopsezo chachikulu cha zovuta zapakati:

• Ketoacidotic chikomokere. Pazambiri zamatenda azachipatala, amakula ndi matenda amtundu wa 1 shuga. Kuperewera kwa mphamvu kumabweretsa kuti thupi limalandira kuchokera ku minofu ya adipose, chifukwa cha kuwonongeka komwe matupi a ketone amasulidwa.
• Hyperosmolar coma imatha kukhala m'masiku angapo kapena masabata angapo. Poyerekeza ndi shuga wambiri, sodium imadziunjikira m'thupi. Zizindikiro: chikhumbo chachikulu chakumwa, kuwonjezeka kwamikodzo mwachindunji patsiku.
• Lactacidic coma imadziwika ndi kudzikundikira kwa lactic acid mthupi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale zovuta. Nthawi zambiri amawona odwala mkhutu chiwindi ndi impso ntchito.

Mkhalidwe wa Hypoglycemic ndi vuto lalikulu la matenda osokoneza bongo omwe amayamba chifukwa cha vuto la njala, kuchuluka kwa mahomoni kapena mapiritsi ochepetsa shuga, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kwambiri, kupsinjika kwambiri kapena mavuto amanjenje.

Hypoglycemia imapita patsogolo mwachangu, kuwonetsa kukula kwake ndi zizindikiro zotsatirazi: kumva mwamphamvu njala, chizungulire, kufooka, kuperewera, ndi malaise wamba.

Matenda a shuga sangachiritsidwe, choncho njira yokhayo yokhala ndi moyo wabwino komanso wosangalatsa ndikulamulira shuga nthawi zonse.

Machedwe mavuto

Zotsatira zoyipa za matenda okoma zimayamba chifukwa chophwanya mapangidwe amitsempha yamagazi ndi mitsempha yotumphera. Choyamba, capillaries mu impso, mapazi, ndi retina amavutika.

Ngati wodwala satsatira malangizo a dotolo (zakudya zochepa zama carb, katundu wochita masewera), kapena ngati palibe chithandizo chokwanira cha matendawa, ndiye kuti shuga ya magazi nthawi zonse imadzetsa zovuta zina.

Matenda a 2 a mtundu wa shuga amatha kutsogolera matenda ashuga a shuga.

Retinopathy imadziwika ndi kuphwanya kwamawonedwe owoneka, kungapangitse kuwonongeka kwathunthu. Monga lamulo, zimawonedwa ndi "chidziwitso" chachikulu cha matenda a shuga motsutsana ndi maziko osagwirizana ndi chithandizo chamankhwala.

Matenda a shuga:

1. Kulephera kwina.
2. Polyneuropathy ndi matenda omwe amachokera m'munsi.
3. Arthropathy imadziwika ndi kupweteka kwapakati, kuphwanya kwamkono.
4. Cataract (kuthambalala kwa mandala m'diso).
5. Encephalopathy ndikuphwanya kayendedwe ka magazi mu ubongo.
6. Erectile dysfunction (kusabereka) mwa amuna.
7. Matenda a shuga.

Monga zonse zomwe tafotokozazi, pali zovuta zambiri za matenda ashuga, ndipo zambiri mwa izo zimadziwika ndi zotsatira zoyipa.

Kuperewera kwa chithandizo chokwanira ndikuyang'anira shuga m'magazi kumatha kubweretsa zovuta zina, kulumala ngakhale kufa.

Kupewa kwa Mavuto

Monga taonera kale, nthenda yoyamba ndi yachiwiri ya matenda imapezeka nthawi zambiri. Palinso mitundu yapadera ya matendawa monga matenda a shuga a Modi ndi Lada. Amakhala ovuta kuzindikira ndipo nthawi zambiri amasokonezedwa ndi mitundu iwiri yoyambayo.

Mosasamala mtundu wa matenda, wodwalayo ayenera kutenga njira zonse zothandizira kupewa kupewetsa zovuta komanso zovuta.

Choyamba, muyenera kuyang'anira shuga wamagazi nthawi zonse. Izi zichitike osati kamodzi pa sabata kapena tsiku, koma pafupipafupi, komanso kangapo tsiku lililonse. Mwachitsanzo, mukadzuka, musanadye chakudya cham'mawa komanso musanadye chakudya cham'mawa, nthawi ya nkhomaliro, mutachita masewera olimbitsa thupi, ndi zina zambiri.

Kukhazikika kwa shuga komwe kumadutsa pakadali pano kumapangitsa kuti kuchepetsedwa, motsatana, kuchepetsa mpaka zero zovuta.

Malamulo oyambira a odwala matenda ashuga:

• Kutsatira kwambiri zakudya: kuwerengera kwa calorie, kugawa chakudya m'magawo angapo, kusankha zakudya zomwe zili ndi index yotsika ya glycemic.
• Kuyendera dokotala pafupipafupi, kuyezetsa koyeserera ngati kungakhale zovuta.
• Zochita zolimbitsa thupi pafupipafupi (kuthamanga pang'ono, kuyenda mothamanga, kusambira, kuyendetsa njinga, kuyendera masewera olimbitsa thupi).
• Kukana kwathunthu kumwa mowa.
• Mankhwalawa anthawi yomweyo matenda omwe alipo.

Kukhala ndi moyo wabwino komanso wabwinobwino, wodwala matenda ashuga ayenera kuyika chala pamtunda - iyi ndiyo njira yokhayo yochepetsera zovuta zomwe zingachitike pakalipano komanso mtsogolo.

Kodi mukuganiza bwanji pamenepa? Kodi akuchitapo chiyani kuti apewe zovuta zina?

Matenda a shuga

Madokotala sanganene motsimikiza chomwe chimayambitsa matenda oopsawa. Matendawa ali ndi provocateurs ambiri omwe amakhudza mapangidwe a matenda.

Matenda a shuga si matenda opatsirana, ndiye kuti palibe ngozi kuti anthu ena apezeke ndi matenda ashuga. Kuperewera kwa insulin, komwe kumapangidwa ndi kapamba, kumabweretsa chakuti thupi limasiya kugwira ntchito moyenera.

Kupanga kwa insulin kumatha kuyimitsidwa kwathunthu, zomwe zimatsogolera kuwonjezeka kwa shuga wamagazi. Kuti muchepetse kuchuluka kwa shuga, muyenera kutenga othandizira apadera a hypoglycemic, koma ndi adokotala okha omwe angadziwike. Nthawi zina, mungakumane ndi zoopsa thupi kusintha mankhwala.

Ana ali ndi zinthu zina zomwe zingayambitse matenda ashuga. Mwa zina zomveka:

• chibadwa
• matenda oyambitsidwa ndi mavairasi,
• kuchepa chitetezo chokwanira
• kulemera kwakukulu.

Anthu opitilira 30 amatha kukhala ndi matenda ashuga a 2, omwe ndi ovuta kuchiza. Zotsatirazi zitha kuwonetsa matendawa:

1. cholowa
2. onenepa kwambiri
3. zotupa ndi kuvulala kwa kapamba,
4. kumwa kwambiri mankhwala osokoneza bongo.

Kuti mupeze matenda oyambikawa pakapita nthawi, ndikofunikira kufunsa ndi endocrinologist, kuyezetsa magazi, ndikuchita ma ultrasound a ziwalo zingapo.

Zoyambitsa matenda a shuga

Mu matenda a shuga a mtundu woyamba, insulin pang'ono kapena kusiyiratu kupangidwa ndi kapamba. Monga lamulo, chibadwidwe chimakhala chifukwa cha matenda a shuga 1.

Munthu yemwe ali ndi vuto lobadwa ndi matenda ashuga sangakhale wodwala nthawi yayitali ngati atayang'aniridwa. Ndikofunikira kudya moyenera, masewera olimbitsa thupi ndikuyendera dokotala pafupipafupi.

Kafukufuku akuwonetsa kuti zoyambitsa za cholowa cha matenda mu 5% zimadalira mzere wa amayi, ndipo 10% zimadalira mzere wa abambo. Ngati makolo onsewa akudwala matendawa, ndiye kuti kuthekera kwa kudziwiraku kumakula mpaka pafupifupi 70%.

Mtundu woyamba wa matenda, insulini silipanga thupi. Ndi matenda amtundu wachiwiri, insulin m'thupi la munthu sikokwanira, koma glucose sangathe kulowa m'maselo.

Matenda a shuga a Mtundu Wachiwiri amawonekera chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa chidwi cha maselo amthupi kupita ku insulin. Mwanjira iyi, mafuta omwe amapangidwa ndi mahomoni adiponectin amakhudzidwa, chifukwa chomwe chidwi cha zolandilira kulandira insulini chimachepa, zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a shuga mellitus.

Pakakhala insulin ndi shuga. Koma thupi sililandira glucose, ndiye kuti insulin yochulukirapo imakhala yoyambitsa kunenepa kwambiri. Mafuta am'magazi amatsogolera ku chiwonongeko chamitsempha yamagazi, yomwe imadzala ndi zotsatira zoyipa zosiyanasiyana.

Kunenepa kwambiri ndi komwe kumayambitsa matenda amtundu 2, komwe kumayambitsa matenda nthawi zambiri. Chiwindi ndi kapamba zimakutidwa ndi mafuta, maselo amataya chidwi chake ndi insulin, ndipo mafuta amalepheretsa glucose kufikira ziwalozi.

Chinanso chomwe chimayambitsa matenda ashuga ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala molakwika mwadongosolo. Kukhala ndi moyo wamtunduwu kumapangitsa kunenepa kwambiri, ndipo kumakhudza shuga. Kulephera kuchita zolimbitsa thupi ndi vuto kwa ogwira ntchito muofesi komanso eni magalimoto.

M'mbuyomu, madotolo sananene kuti nkhawa chifukwa cha matenda ashuga, kuchuluka kwambiri kwa anthu omwe chifukwa cha matenda ashuga ndi komwe kwasunthira mndandanda wazomwe zimayambitsa-provocateurs.

Ngati kale matenda amtundu umodzi anali ofala, m'zaka zaposachedwa kuchuluka kwa matenda amtundu wa 2 kwawonjezeka.

17% yokha mwa anthu odwala matenda ashuga omwe ali ndi matenda oyamba. Matenda a mtundu wachiwiri amawonetsedwa mu 83% ya odwala.

Zomwe matenda amatengera

Madokotala amatcha matenda ashuga "okwera msanga." Matenda amenewa amakhudza mbali zambiri za thupi. Komanso, zovuta zimatha kukula pang'onopang'ono komanso mosadukiza.

Muyenera kudziwa zomwe matenda ashuga amatsogolera kuti mukhale ndi chithunzi chonse cha kuopsa kwa matendawa.

Matendawa amaphatikizidwa ndi kuphwanya mitundu ya kagayidwe kameneka:

Matenda a shuga amadziwika ndi zovuta mu mawonekedwe a kusabala kwa amuna komanso kusamba kwa msambo kwa akazi. Nthawi zambiri, kufalikira kwa mitsempha kumasokonekera, kugundidwa kwa ubongo kumachitika ndipo encephalopathy imayamba.

Matenda a shuga angayambitse kuchepa kwakukulu kwamankhwala am'maso, makamaka, amapangidwa:

1. conjunctivitis
2. barele
3. kuzizira kwa khungu
4. zotupa za cornea ndi iris,
5. kutupa kwa nsidze
6. matenda a shuga.

Matenda a shuga angayambitse kumasula ndikuwonongeka kwa mano athanzi, matenda a periodontal ndi stomatitis.

Matenda a shuga ndi phazi lalikulu kumapazi:

• zilonda zazikulu
• zotupa zam'mimba,
• purulent necrotic njira.

Njira izi zimayamba chifukwa cha kusintha kwa mitsempha yamagazi, minofu yofewa, mitsempha, mafupa ndi mafupa.

Nthawi zambiri kugwira ntchito kwa mtima kumasokonekera, komwe kumafotokozedwa pakupanga matenda a atherosclerosis, kufooka kwa mtima komanso matenda a mtima. Mavuto amumbo amachitika:

Kulephera kwamkati kumatha kulowa gawo lowopsa, kenako hemodialysis ifunika. Komanso, ndimatenda a shuga, kuwonongeka kwakanthawi kwamanjenje, ndipo nthawi zina, chikomokere.

Pofuna kupewa zovuta, muyenera kuchitidwa mankhwala moyo wanu wonse.

Zochita Zamatenda

Chithandizo cha matenda ashuga sichingachititse kuti matendawa amasulidwe. Kuchiza kuyenera kukhala moyo wonse wodwala. Kuikidwa kwa endocrinologist kumadalira mtundu wa matenda.

Chithandizo cha matenda amtundu woyamba 1 chimaphatikizapo jakisoni wa insulini yemwe amachepetsa shuga m'magazi. Jakisoniyu amakhala wofunikira.

Ma insulini omwe amapezeka ali ndi nthawi yolimba:

Mlingo pakalibe kulemera kwambiri komanso kupsinjika kwakukulu m'maganizo: 0.5-1 gawo lililonse pa kilogalamu ya thupi mu maola 24.

Zakudya zopatsa thanzi zimaphatikizira kuchepetsa kudya kwa carbohydrate. Muyenera kuchepetsa cholesterol zakudya:

1. nyama yamafuta
2. batala
3. dzira
4. mafuta.

• mphesa
• mbatata
• nthochi
• Persimmon
• zoumba ndi zinthu zina.

M'pofunika kudya amadyera komanso zipatso zololedwa. Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kumathandizanso kukhala wamphamvu komanso kukana matenda. Kutsatira malangizo azachipatala, mutha kukhalabe ndi kuchuluka kwa glucose m'magazi popanda kupitilizidwa kwakanthawi.

Chithandizo chadzidzidzi cha matenda a shuga a 2 chikufunika. Insulin sikufunika pano, koma chithandizo cha masewera olimbitsa thupi ndikuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi ndizofunikira. Mankhwala osokoneza bongo ayenera kuwonjezeredwa, ndiko kuti, kutenga othandizira a hypoglycemic. Chifukwa chake, ndizotheka kuwonjezera chidwi cha maselo kuti apange insulini, ndikuwongolera kulowa kwa shuga m'maselo.

Tsiku lililonse, shuga m'magazi amasinthasintha. Kuti mudziwe pawokha kuchuluka kwa shuga, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito zida zapadera - glucometer. Chida choterocho chimakhala ndi zingwe zoyesera ndi sensor yaying'ono.

Dontho la magazi liyenera kuyikidwa pa mzere woyezera. Pakapita kanthawi, chizindikiritso cha shuga chikuwonekera pazenera. Malinga ndi izi, munthu amatha kumvetsetsa kupezeka kapena kusapezeka kwa matenda.

A chidwi zikuwoneka pa mankhwalawa matenda a shuga ndi zitsamba. Ndalama zolipiritsa osati zochepetsa shuga, komanso zimathandizira magwiridwe antchito amkati. Za matenda ashuga, ndizothandiza:

• phulusa laphiri
• blackberryberry wakuda
• rasipiberi
• sitiroberi
• oats
• mabulosi oyera
• alfalfa
• mabulosi akutchire
• chikwama cha mbuzi
• mizu ya burdock.

Kanema wapezeka munkhaniyi akuwuzani. Mavuto a shuga.