Kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi mwa ana ndi akulu - zikuwonetsa patebulo potsatira zaka komanso momwe mungawerengere

Chida chachikulu chamthupi la munthu ndi glucose, chomwe, chifukwa cha zochita zingapo zamitundu mitundu, ndizotheka kupeza zopatsa mphamvu kuti mukhale ndi moyo. Glucose pang'ono amapezeka m'chiwindi, glycogen imamasulidwa panthawi yomwe chakudya chochepa kwambiri chimabwera kuchokera ku chakudya.

Mankhwala, mawu oti shuga kulibe, amagwiritsidwa ntchito polankhula, chifukwa pali shuga wambiri m'chilengedwe, ndipo thupi limagwiritsa ntchito shuga wokha. Kuchuluka kwa shuga kumatha kukhala kosiyanasiyana kutengera nthawi ya tsiku, kudya, kuchuluka kwa zovuta, zaka za odwala komanso kuchuluka kwa zochitika zolimbitsa thupi.

Zizindikiro za Glycemia zikucheperachepera kapena kuwonjezereka, insulin ya mahomoni, yomwe imapangidwa ndi pancreatic insulin zida, iyenera kuyang'anira dongosolo lovuta ngati ili. The adrenal timadzi adrenaline amachititsa osachepera shuga magawo.

Potsutsana ndi kuphwanya ntchito ya ziwalozi, malamulo amalephera, chifukwa chake, matenda amabwera omwe amadziwika ndi metabolic metabolologies. Popita nthawi, zosokoneza zotere zimasokoneza njira za metabolic, matenda osasintha a ziwalo zamkati ndi machitidwe. Kuti mupeze mkhalidwe waumoyo, pamafunika kuti mupereke magazi pafupipafupi kuti mupeze shuga, kuti mupeze zizindikiro za shuga m'magazi opanda kanthu.

Kodi shuga ndimagazi ndimatsenga bwanji?

Kuyesedwa kwa magazi pamagulu a shuga kumatha kuchitika kuchipatala chilichonse, pakadali pano, njira zingapo zothandizira kudziwa kuchuluka kwa shuga zimachitidwa: glucose oxidase, ortotoluidine, ferricyanide.

Njira iliyonse idalumikizidwa mu 70s ya zaka zapitazi. Amayesedwa nthawi yayitali kuti azitha kudziwa zambiri, kudalirika, kuphweka, kuphatikiza pakukhudzidwa ndi mankhwala omwe ali ndi shuga. Zotsatira za phunziroli, madzi amtundu amapangidwa, omwe, pogwiritsa ntchito chipangizo chapadera, amayesedwa kuti awonjezere mtunduwo, kenako ndikusunthidwa ndikuwonetsa chizindikiro.

Zotsatira zake ziyenera kuperekedwa m'magulu apadziko lonse - mmol / l kapena mg mg pa 100 ml. Sinthani mg / L kupita mmol / L mokulitsa ndi kuchulukitsa nambala yoyamba ndi wachiwiri. Ngati njira ya Hagedorn-Jensen itagwiritsidwa ntchito, chiwerengero chomaliza chidzakhala chokwera.

Zachilengedwe zimatengedwa kuchokera kumtunda wam'mimba kapena chala, zimayenera kuchita izi pamimba yopanda kanthu mpaka 11 a.m. Anthu odwala matenda ashuga amachenjeza pasadakhale kuti akufunika:

• musadye maola 8 mpaka 14 musanawunike,
• madzi oyera okha opanda gasi amaloledwa; madzi amchere amaloledwa.

Tsiku lisanafike kuyezetsa magazi, ndizoletsedwa kudya kwambiri, kumwa mowa, khofi wamphamvu. Mukanyalanyaza malangizo a dokotala, pali mwayi wazotsatira zabodza, zomwe zimapangitsa kukayikira pakukwaniritsidwa kwa mankhwalawo.

Pamene magazi a shuga amatengedwa kuchokera m'mitsempha pamimba yopanda kanthu, zovomerezeka zimachulukitsidwa ndi 12%, ndiye kuti, m'magazi a capillary ayenera kukhala kuchokera 3.3 mpaka 5.5 mmol / l shuga, m'magazi a venous - 3.5 - 6.1%. Shuga 5 mmol / L ndiye chizindikiro chabwino kwambiri cha ana ndi akulu. Ngati ndiyotsika pang'ono - izi ndizosinthanso mwanjira iliyonse.

World Health Organisation ikuwonetsa kuti malire a shuga a magazi akhazikitsidwa pa 5.6 mmol / L. Ngati wodwalayo ali ndi zaka zopitilira 60, zikuwonetsedwa kuti chizindikirocho chiyenera kusinthidwa kukhala 0,056, ndipo izi zimachitika chaka chilichonse!

Zotsatira zikapezeka, ndikofunikira kukaonana ndi endocrinologist kuti mukakambirane, dokotala adzakuuzani tanthauzo la shuga, momwe mungachepetsere glycemia, chifukwa chake shuga wam'magazi amakhala wokwera mutatha kudya kuposa pamimba yopanda kanthu.

Kwa anthu, malire am'munsi komanso otsika a glucose amachokera, amasiyana malinga ndi zaka za wodwalayo, koma palibe kusiyana pakati pa amuna ndi akazi. Momwe shuga amapangira magazi kuchokera m'mitsempha pamimba yopanda kanthu.

Chofunika chokha ndi msinkhu wa mwana. Kwa ana obadwa kumene, chizolowezi cha kusala kudya kwa glucose chimachokera ku 2.8 mpaka 4,4 mmol / l, kuyambira wazaka 1 mpaka zaka 14 - awa ndi manambala kuyambira 3,3 mpaka 5.6 mmol / l.

Pa nthawi yomwe mayi ali ndi pakati mwa amayi, kuchuluka kwa shuga kwa magazi kumachokera ku 3.3 mpaka 6,6 mmol / L, kuchuluka kwa glucose pamatumbo a mwana kumatha kuwonetsa kukulira kwa matenda a shuga a latent, chifukwa cha zomwe zimawonetsedwa pambuyo pake.

Kusala shuga ndi shuga mutatha kudya ndizosiyana, ndipo nthawi yatsiku imatenga gawo, pamene zinthu zakuthupi zimatengedwa kuti zifufuzidwe.

Kodi zotsatira zake zimayesedwa bwanji?

Atalandira zotsatira za kuyezetsa magazi, adotolo amayenera kuwunika kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi: abwinobwino, ochepa, shuga wambiri. Masewera a glucose ochulukirapo akapezeka posala kudya venous magazi, amalankhula za hyperglycemia. Matenda amtunduwu ali ndi zoyambitsa zosiyanasiyana, makamaka hyperglycemia imalumikizidwa ndi mtundu 1 kapena mtundu wa 2 matenda a shuga, komanso matenda osiyanasiyana a endocrine dongosolo (izi zimaphatikizapo acromegaly, thyrotooticosis, matenda a adrenal, gigantism).

Zomwe zimayambitsa shuga wambiri: kupweteka kwam'mimba, kupweteka kwam'mimba, kuchepa kwa chiwindi, matenda osachiritsika kapena kupweteka kwamatumbo, matenda a impso omwe amachitika chifukwa chosokoneza kusefukira, cystic fibrosis (mavuto a minyewa) zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndikupanga ma antibodies kupita ku insulin.

Kuchulukitsa shuga m'mawa komanso tsiku lonse kumawonedwa pambuyo povuta, zokumana nazo zowopsa, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi mopitirira muyeso, komanso zochuluka zamafuta osavuta m'zakudya. Madokotala akutsimikiza kuti kuwonjezeka kwa shuga kungayambike chifukwa cha kusuta, kuchiza ndi mankhwala ena, mahomoni, estrogens, ndi mankhwala omwe amaphatikiza khofi.

Chowopsa china m'magazi a shuga ndi hypoglycemia (mtengo wochepetsedwa wa shuga). Izi zimachitika ndi zovuta ndi matenda:

1. ma process a oncological m'mimba, ma adrenal glands, chiwindi,
2. chiwindi, matenda a chiwindi,
3. matenda a kapamba (kutupa, chotupa),
4. kusintha kwa endocrine system (kuchepa kwa chithokomiro),
5. mankhwala osokoneza bongo (anabolics, insulin, salicylates).

Kuthamanga kwamwazi wamagazi kumachepa chifukwa cha poizoni ndi mankhwala ophatikizira a arsenic, mowa, ndikumakhala ndi njala kwa nthawi yayitali, kuchuluka kwambiri kwa thupi, kuwonjezeka kwa kutentha kwa thupi ndi matenda opatsirana, matenda amkati ndi malabsorption a michere.

Hypoglycemia imapezeka m'masiku akhanda osabadwa, komanso mwa ana kuchokera kwa amayi omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga.

Kodi glycemia ndi chiyani

Mawuwa amatanthauza kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Kupatuka kuzinthu wamba kumatha kuvulaza kwambiri thupi, motero ndikofunikira kudziwa za zophwanya lamulo kuti muthe kuchita zinthu moyenera munthawi yake. Mukadutsa mayeso, si kuchuluka kwa shuga komwe kumatsimikizidwa, koma kudandaula kwake. Ichi ndi chida chofunikira kwambiri chamthupi. Glucose imapereka ntchito ya ziwalo zosiyanasiyana ndi minyewa, ndizofunikira kwambiri kuubongo, omwe sioyenera kulowetsa chakudya chamtunduwu.

Magazi a glucose ndikupanga insulin

Glycemia imatha kusiyanasiyana - ikhale yabwinobwino, yokwezeka, kapena yochepetsedwa. Nthawi zambiri, kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa glucose ndi 3.5-5,5 mmol / l, pomwe kukhazikika kwa chizindikirocho ndikofunikira kwambiri, chifukwa apo ayi thupi, kuphatikiza ubongo, sizingagwire ntchito molondola. Ndi hypoglycemia (mlingo wochepetsedwa) kapena hyperglycemia (wopitilira muyeso), kusokonezeka kwadongosolo kumachitika m'thupi. Kudutsa malire ovuta kwambiri kumakhala kukusiya thupi kapena kugona. Milingo yokhazikika ya glycemic imayendetsedwa ndi mahomoni angapo, kuphatikizapo:

1. Insulin Kupanga kwa chinthu kumayamba pamene shuga wambiri alowa m'magazi a magazi, omwe pambuyo pake amasintha kukhala glycogen.
2. Adrenaline. Zimathandizira kuwonjezera shuga.
3. Glucagon. Ngati shuga ndiwosakwanira kapena wambiri, mahomoni amathandizira kukula kwake.
4. Mahomoni a Steroid. Thandizirani mosiyanasiyana magawo a shuga.

Thupi limalandira shuga chifukwa chodya chakudya ndipo shuga wambiri amamwetsedwa pantchito ya ziwalo ndi machitidwe. Kachigawo kakang'ono ka chakudya kameneka kamayikidwa m'chiwindi monga glycogen. Ndi vuto lakelo, thupi limayamba kupanga mahomoni apadera, mothandizidwa ndi zomwe zimachitika ndi mankhwala ndipo glycogen imasinthidwa kukhala glucose. Zikondwerero zopanga insulin zimatha kukhalabe ndi shuga.

Shuga ndi wabwinobwino mwa munthu wathanzi

Pofuna kupewa kukula kwa ma pathologies akulu, muyenera kudziwa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magulu akulu ndi ana. Pokhapokha chiwerengero chokwanira cha insulin mthupi kapena kuyamwa kwakanthawi kochepa ku insulin, phindu la shuga limawonjezeka. Hypoglycemia imathandizira kusuta, kupsinjika, kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi komanso zinthu zina zovuta.

Mukamamwa ma biofluids kuchokera ku chala ndi mtsempha, zotsatira zake zimatha kusintha pang'ono. Chifukwa chake, momwe zimakhalira muyeso wa 3.5-6.1 amadziwika kuti ndi chinthu cha venous, ndipo 3.5-5.5 imawerengedwa ngati capillary. Nthawi yomweyo, mwa munthu wathanzi, mutatha kudya izi zikuwonjezeka pang'ono. Ngati mungapitirire kuchuluka kwa glucometer pamtunda wa 6.6, muyenera kupita kwa dokotala yemwe adzakupatseni mayeso angapo a shuga omwe amapangidwa masiku osiyanasiyana.

Sikokwanira kutenga mayeso a glucose kamodzi kuti mupeze matenda a shuga. Ndikofunikira kudziwa kuchuluka kwa glycemia kangapo, nthawi yomwe nthawi iliyonse imatha kuchuluka nthawi iliyonse mosiyanasiyana. Pankhaniyi, kupindika kwa zizindikiro kumayesedwa. Kuphatikiza apo, adotolo amafananizira zotsatirazo ndi zizindikiro komanso zowunika.

Kuchuluka kwa shuga mwa azimayi

Chifukwa cha kupezeka kwa mawonekedwe ena a thupi, kuchuluka kwa glucose mwa akazi kumatha kusintha. Kuchuluka kwa kuchuluka kwa glycemic sikuwonetsa nthawi zonse matenda, chifukwa kuchuluka kwa shuga kumachitika pakapita msambo komanso nthawi yomwe ali ndi pakati. Kuwunikira komwe kunapangidwa panthawiyi sikudzakhala kodalirika. Pambuyo pa zaka 50, azimayi amasintha mwamphamvu ma horoni ndi kusokonezeka kwa njira ya kuwonongeka kwa chakudya chamagulu omwe amakhudzana ndi kusintha kwa thupi m'thupi. Kuyambira m'badwo uno, shuga amayenera kufufuzidwa pafupipafupi, chifukwa chiopsezo chokhala ndi matenda a shuga chikuwonjezeka kwambiri.

Mlingo wabwinobwino wa glycemic mwa munthu wathanzi amawonedwa kuti ndi 3.3-5.6 mmol / L. Pambuyo chakudya, shuga amapezeka: kapamba amayambitsa kupanga insulini, komwe kumapangitsa kuti shuga azikhala ndi maselo pafupifupi 20-50, zomwe zimapangitsa kuphatikizika kwa mapuloteni, njira za metabolic komanso kukula kwa minofu. Mafuta a m'magazi amatsika pambuyo pakuchita zolimbitsa thupi kwambiri: thupi lotopa kwakanthawi (mpaka litabwezeretseka kwathunthu) limakhala pachiwopsezo chomwa zakumwa zoledzeretsa ndi matenda.

Kuphwanya mphamvu za shuga kumakhudza thupi laimuna momveka kuposa chachikazi. Wodwala matenda a shuga amatha kukomoka. Chomwe chimapangitsa kuti amuna azikhala ndi "shuga" ndizofunikira zazikuluzikulu za minofu yazakudya. Pafupifupi, bambo amawononga mphamvu zochulukirapo mpaka 15 mpaka 20% pochita zinthu ndi mkazi, zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa minofu m'thupi lake.

Momwe mungadziwire shuga wamagazi

Kuti muzindikire kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kudzera mu njira zowunika ma labotale ndi njira zamagetsi zamagetsi, kusanthula kosiyanasiyana kumagwiritsidwa ntchito. Mwachitsanzo:

1. Kuyesa kwa magazi a capillary. Zitsanzo zimatengedwa kuchokera ku chala.
2. Kuyesedwa kwa magazi koopsa. Odwala amapereka biofluid kuchokera m'mitsempha, pambuyo pake sampuliyo imakhala pakati ndipo kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin ya HbA1C kumatsimikiziridwa.
3. Kudzisanthula pogwiritsa ntchito mita yamagazi m'magazi. Kuti muchite izi, pangani chala chala chaching'ono pogwiritsa ntchito chipangizo chonyamula ndikuyika mankhwalawo poyesa.
4. Mayeso a kulolerana a glucose. Zimathandizira kuzindikira kuchuluka kwa shuga pamimba yopanda kanthu mukatha kudya chakudya.
5. Mbiri ya Glycemic. Kusanthula kumachitika nthawi 4 patsiku kuti athe kuwunika moyenera komanso mphamvu ya njira zochepetsera shuga pazokwera kwa glycemic.

Zizindikiro za shuga

Ndikofunikira kudziwa panthawi yake kupatuka kwazomwe zikuchitika kuti mupewe kukula kwa matenda osokoneza bongo - matenda osachiritsika a endocrine system. Zizindikiro ziyenera kumuchenjeza:

• kamwa yowuma
• kutopa, kufooka,
• kuchuluka chitetezo chokwanira ndi kuwonda,
• kuyabwa m'maponda, kumaliseche,
• kutulutsa, kukodza pafupipafupi, maulendo a usiku kupita kuchimbudzi,
• zithupsa, mafinya ndi zotupa zina za pakhungu zomwe sizichiritsa,
• kuchepa chitetezo chokwanira, kugwira ntchito, kuzizidwa pafupipafupi,
• kuwonongeka kwamawonekedwe, makamaka kukalamba.

Chizindikiro cha kuyezetsa magazi ndi njira zina zodziwikiratu zitha kukhala chimodzi kapena zingapo, osati chifukwa cha zonse zomwe zalembedwa. Muyezo wa shuga wamagazi ndiwawokha kwa wodwala aliyense, chifukwa chake, umakhazikitsidwa ndi katswiri. Dokotala adzakuwuzani choti muchite ngati chisonyezo chikuwonjezereka, ndikusankha chithandizo choyenera chofufuzira matenda a shuga.

Shuga wamagazi amunthu

Nthawi ndi nthawi mumayang'ana shuga wabwinobwino kuti mupeze nthawi yayitali matenda ambiri. Phunziroli limachitika m'njira zingapo, chilichonse chimakhala ndi zisonyezo zake. Kuthamanga kwa shuga m'magazi kumatsimikiziridwa ndi:

• mayeso achizolowezi,
• kupezeka kwa zizindikiro za hyperglycemia (kukodza pafupipafupi, ludzu, kutopa, kutengeka ndi matenda, ndi zina zotere),
• kunenepa kapena pathologies a chiwindi, chithokomiro England, pituitary gland, adrenal chotupa,
• Amaganiza za amayi omwe ali ndi vuto la matenda ashuga pakatha masabata 24-28,
• kukhalapo kwa zizindikiro za hypoglycemia (kuchuluka kudya, thukuta, kufooka, khungu losazindikira),
• kufunika kowunika momwe wodwalayo aliri (wodwala matenda ashuga kapena ululu wammbuyo).

Njira Zowonera Matenda a shuga

Kuthamanga shuga mumagazi kumathandizira kudziwa ngati wodwala ali ndi matenda ashuga komanso mawonekedwe ake oyandikira. Malangizo azachipatala osavuta kufotokoza akuti kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kuyenera kukhala kofanana ndi zizindikiro kuyambira 5.6 mpaka 6.0 mmol / L; prediabetes ndiye mkhalidwe pamene magazi akusala kuchokera m'mitsempha yoposa 6.1 mmol / L apezeka.

Kodi shuga ayenera kukhala chiyani? Kuzindikira kosakayikitsa kwa matenda a shuga kudzapezedwa m'mawa shuga opitilira 7.0 mmol / L, mosasamala kanthu za kudya - 11.0 mmol / L.

Nthawi zambiri zimachitika kuti zotsatira za phunziroli ndizokayikira, palibe umboni wowonekeratu kupezeka kwa matenda ashuga. Zikatero, amasonyezedwanso kuyesa kupanikizika ndi shuga, dzina lina lowunikiratu ndi kuyesa kwa glucose test (TSH), popondera shuga.

Choyamba, amamwa shuga m'mimba yopanda kanthu, amatenga izi monga chizindikiro choyambirira. Kenako 75 g yamchere wangwiro wamafuta imaphatikizidwa ndi kapu yamadzi, imamwa pakamwa nthawi imodzi. Ana amafunika kumwa shuga wochepa, mlingo amawerengedwa potengera kulemera, ngati mwana ali ndi kulemera kwa mpaka 45 makilogalamu, chifukwa kilogalamu iliyonse ya 1.75 g ya glucose iyenera kutengedwa. Pakatha mphindi 30, 1, maola awiri, muyenera kutenga zitsanzo zina zamagazi za shuga.

Ndikofunika kukana kuchokera ku oyamba ndi omaliza a sampuli ya magazi:

1. zolimbitsa thupi
2. kusuta
3. kudya chakudya.

Kodi shuga mumagazi ndi chiyani? Mwazi m'mawa uyenera kukhala wopyola malire kapena kutsika pang'ono, ngati pali kuphwanya kugwirizira kwa glucose, kuwunika kwapakatikati kudzawonetsa 11.1 mmol / l m'magazi kuchokera chala, ndi 10,0 m'magazi. Pambuyo pakupita maola awiri pambuyo pounikira, zizindikiro za glycemia ziyenera kukhalabe pamwamba pazachilendo.

Ngati shuga akamasala kudya akachulukira, shuga amapezekanso mkodzo, shuga akangofika mtengo wake wabwinobwino, imatha mkodzo. Kodi ndichifukwa chiyani shuga amasala kudya kuposa momwe adya? Pankhaniyi, pali mafotokozedwe angapo, chifukwa choyamba ndi matenda otchedwa m'mawa otentha, pakakhala kuchuluka kwa mahomoni.

Chifukwa chachiwiri ndi usiku wa hypoglycemia, mwina wodwalayo akutenga mankhwala osakwanira a shuga ndipo thupi likuchita zomwe zingathe kukweza shuga.

Zotsatira zake, kuchuluka kwa glucose m'magazi kumakwera, kutsika shuga, kumverera bwino munthu, komabe, otsika a glycemia sayeneranso kugwa.

Momwe mungayang'anire shuga?

Kuti mudziwe zowonekera bwino za shuga wamagazi kapena ayi, muyenera kufalitsa zinthu zachilengedwe kuti mukafufuze. Zizindikiro za izi zidzakhala zizindikiro zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimachitika ndi matenda ashuga (kuyabwa, ludzu, kukodza pafupipafupi). Komabe, ndikofunikira kuyang'ana kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi ngakhale popanda kukhalapo kwa mavuto azaumoyo kuti mukhale odziletsa.

Malamulo otenga kuyesererako akuti uyenera kutenga magazi pamimba yopanda kanthu pamene munthu ali ndi njala. Kusanthula kumachitika kuchipatala kapena kunyumba yokhala ndi glucometer. Mamita a glucose osunthika komanso wotchi ya odwala matenda ashuga nthawi zambiri imakhala yosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito, simuyenera kudikirira kuti mupeze mzere kuti mupeze shuga, muyenera kungolowetsa chala chanu kunyumba ndikutenga dontho limodzi lamwazi. Glucometer amawonetsa glucose pambuyo masekondi angapo.

Ngati mita ikuwonetsa kuti shuga akusala kudya, muyenera kupatsanso kusanthula kwinanso. Izi zikuthandizani kuti mudziwe zenizeni zama glucose, kuti mudziwe ngati munthu ali ndi shuga wabwinobwino kapena ayi, kupatuka pang'ono sikumadziwika ngati matenda. Shuga wothamanga kwambiri amapereka chidziwitso chokwanira cha thupi kupatula matenda a shuga kwa ana ndi akulu.

Nthawi zina kuyesedwa kwa shuga m'magazi akulu kumakhala kokwanira, lamuloli ndi loyenerera pazizindikiro zotchulidwa za shuga. Ngati palibe zizindikiro zikuwoneka, dokotala atapezeka ngati:

• adawulula shuga yayikulu,
• adapereka magazi masiku osiyanasiyana.

Pankhaniyi, taganizirani kafukufuku woyamba wam'mawa m'mimba yopanda kanthu, ndipo wachiwiri - kuchokera kumitsempha.

Zimachitika kuti odwala asanakonzedwe amasintha kwambiri zakudya zawo, izi sizoyenera, chifukwa zotsatira zosadalirika zidzapezeka. Komanso ndizoletsedwa kugwiritsa ntchito zakudya zotsekemera. Kulondola kwa miyezo nthawi zambiri kumakhudzidwa ndi matenda ena omwe alipo, kutenga pakati, komanso nkhawa. Simungathe kupereka magazi ngati wodwalayo adagwira ntchito yosinthira usiku usiku watha, ayenera kugona kaye tulo tulo.

Mwazi wamagazi uyenera kuyesedwa pamimba yopanda kanthu:

1. shuga wamagazi mwa munthu wathanzi amatsimikiziridwa kamodzi kamodzi miyezi isanu ndi umodzi,
2. makamaka pamene wodwala ali ndi zaka zopitilira 40.

Kukula kwa shuga nthawi zonse kumadalira mtundu wa matenda ashuga, omwe ali ndi shuga omwe amadalira insulin, kafukufuku ayenera kuchitidwa nthawi iliyonse insulin isanalowe. Mkhalidwe waumoyo ukamakulirakulira, munthu amakhala wamanjenje, moyo wake utasintha, ndikofunikira kuyeza shuga pafupipafupi. Zikatero, zizindikiro za glycemic zimasinthika, anthu samazindikira izi nthawi zonse.

Mu matenda a shuga amtundu wachiwiri, magazi amatengedwa kuchokera ku chala pamimba yopanda kanthu, atatha kudya komanso asanagone. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti pamimba yopanda kanthu, mtengo wake umakhala wotsika kuposa chakudya. Mutha kuyeza shuga popanda kupereka mankhwala kuchokera kwa dokotala, monga ananenera, ziyenera kuchitika kawiri pachaka.

Zimafunika kusankha ma glucometer osavuta okhala ndi zowongolera zosavuta kugwiritsidwa ntchito kunyumba, chipangizocho chikuyenera kukwaniritsa zingapo. Choyamba, ziyenera kukhala zachangu, zolondola, mtengo wa glucometer wapakhomo ukhoza kukhala wotsika kuposa zida zotumizidwa kunja, koma osati zotsika ntchito. Optimum ndi electrochemical glucometer yowonetsa miyeso yaying'ono yapitayi.

Kodi zitsanzo zamagazi zimatengedwa bwanji mu labotale

Kudalirika kwa zotsatirazi kumadalira njira yolondola yotolera zinthu zachilengedwe pachipatalachi. Mukanyalanyaza malamulo a septic tank, pamakhala mwayi wotupa m'mitsempha komanso matenda amthupi, kusokonezeka kwamtunduwu ndizowopsa kwambiri.

Kusanthula, syringe yotayika, singano kapena vakuyumu imagwiritsidwa ntchito, singano ndiyofunikira kuti magazi atulukire mu chubu choyeserera. Njira iyi ikudula pang'onopang'ono, popeza siivuta kugwiritsa ntchito, pali ngozi yolumikizana ndi magazi ndi manja a othandizira ndi zinthu zoyandikana nazo.

Mabungwe amakono azachipatala akukhazikitsa njira zopezera magazi, amatenga ndi singano yopyapyala, ma adapter, machubu omwe ali ndi reagent ya mankhwala ndi vacuum. Mwanjira iyi yoperekera magazi, pamakhala mwayi wochepa wolumikizana ndi manja azachipatala.

Pazokhudzana ndi malamulo odutsa kuyezetsa magazi a shuga afotokozereni katswiri mu kanemayu.

Kukonzekera njirayi ndi kuwunika

Kuti zotsatira zake zikhale zowona komanso zodalirika, ndikofunikira kukonzekera phunzirolo. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kutsatira malangizo otsatirawa:

• Magazi amayenera kuperekedwa pamimba yopanda kanthu, chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kuti asadye maola eyiti maphunziro asanafike. Njira yabwino ndikupereka magazi m'mawa kwambiri.
• Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti masiku angapo asanakudziwitse kuti asadye zakudya zamafuta.
• Pamaso kusanthula, saloledwa kutafuna chingamu, idyani maswiti. Amaletsedwanso kutsuka mano ndi mano.
• Tsiku lisanafike kusanthula, sikulimbikitsidwa kudya zakudya zambiri, kumwa zakumwa zochokera kaboni. Mutha kumwa madzi am'madzi kuchokera kumadzi.
• Musachotse zakumwa zokhala ndi zakumwa zoledzeretsa masiku angapo musanayeze magazi.
• Sikoyenera kuchititsa kafukufuku kumbuyo kwa chimfine, ndi zoopsa.
• Musanaunike, ndikofunikira kuti musasute kwa maola awiri.
• Pewani kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi mopitirira malire.
• Saloledwa kuyendera sauna kapena kusamba, komanso kupanga njira zina zamafuta tsiku loti lisanachitike.
• Pewani zochitika zovuta.
• Mphindi khumi ndi zisanu njira isanachitike, muyenera kukhala pang'ono, wodekha.
• Ndikulimbikitsidwa kupereka magazi masiku angapo pambuyo pochita chithandizo chamankhwala monga radiology, mayeso a rectal.
• Ngati wofufuzayo adatenga mankhwala ena tsiku latha, ayenera kudziwitsa katswiri za izi.

Ndikulimbikitsidwa kupereka magazi a glucose kwa anthu azaka makumi anayi katatu pachaka. Amayi oyembekezera amafunikanso kutsatira malangizo a akatswiri ndipo, posankha dala wamkulu, amaphunzira. Katswiri wa lab amawotcha mtsempha ndi singano ya jakisoni ndikutulutsa magazi mu syringe. Kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zapadera kukhazikitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga.

Kwa zaka zambiri ndakhala ndikuphunzira za zovuta za DIABETES. Zimakhala zowopsa anthu ambiri akamwalira, ndipo makamaka amakhala olumala chifukwa cha matenda ashuga.

Ndithamangira kunena mbiri yabwino - Endocrinological Research Center ya Russian Academy of Medical Sayansi yakwanitsa kupanga mankhwala omwe amachiritsa odwala matenda ashuga mellitus. Pakadali pano, kugwiritsa ntchito bwino kwa mankhwalawa kuyandikira 100%.

Nkhani ina yabwino: Unduna wa Zaumoyo wateteza kukhazikitsidwa kwa pulogalamu yapadera yomwe imalipilira mtengo wonse wa mankhwalawo. Ku Russia ndi mayiko a CIS odwala matenda ashuga kale Julayi 6 alandire mankhwala - ZAULERE!

Kuyeserera kwa shuga yamagazi

Kuyesedwa kwa shuga kumachitika mu chipatala, pomwe njira zitatu zothandizira kudziwa shuga zimachitika nthawi yomweyo:

• shuga oxidase
• orthotoluidine,
• Ukadaulo wa Hagedorn-Jensen.

Pereka magazi moyenera pa shuga pamimba yopanda kanthu kuchokera m'mitsempha kapena chala, ndikofunikira kuti wodwalayo asadye chakudya kwa maola 8, pomwe kumwa madzi ndikuloledwa. Ndi chiyani china chomwe muyenera kukumbukira mukamakonzekera njira yoyeserera magazi? Kuletsedwa kudya kwambiri pasadakhale, simungathe kumwa zakumwa zoledzeretsa ndi maswiti a tsiku limodzi.

Nthawi zonse pomwe magazi a m'mitsempha amaonedwa ngati abwino kwambiri kwa munthu wamkulu ndi ofanana kuchokera pa 3.5 mpaka 6.1 mmol / L, omwe ali 12% kuposa momwe magazi amafunikira kuchokera ku chala - 3,3-5,5 mmol / l Ndikofunikanso kutenga magazi athunthu ndi plasma glucose.

Ndili ndi zaka 47, ndinapezeka kuti ndili ndi matenda ashuga a 2. M'masabata angapo ndinapeza pafupifupi 15 kg. Kutopa nthawi zonse, kugona, kumva kufooka, kuwona kunayamba kukhala pansi.

Nditakwanitsa zaka 55, ndinali nditadzibaya kale ndi insulin, zonse zinali zoipa kwambiri. Matendawa adapitilirabe, kukomoka kwakanthawi kunayamba, ambulansi imandibwezera kuchokera kudziko lina. Nthawi zonse ndimaganiza kuti nthawi ino ikhala yomaliza.

Chilichonse chinasintha mwana wanga wamkazi atandilola kuti ndiwerenge nkhani imodzi pa intaneti. Simungayerekeze m'mene ndimamuyamikirira. Nkhaniyi inandithandiza kuthana ndi matenda ashuga, omwe amati ndi osachiritsika. Zaka 2 zapitazi ndidayamba kusuntha zowonjezereka, nthawi yamasika ndi chilimwe ndimapita kumayiko tsiku lililonse, ndikumalima tomato ndikugulitsa pamsika. Azakhali anga amadabwa ndimomwe ndimapangira chilichonse, komwe ndimapeza mphamvu zambiri, sakhulupirira kuti ndili ndi zaka 66.

Ndani akufuna kukhala ndi moyo wautali, wamphamvu komanso kuiwalako za matenda oyipawa kwamuyaya, tengani mphindi 5 ndikuwerenga nkhaniyi.

Kuti mudziwe matenda a shuga, njira zotsatirazi za shuga m'magazi zakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali:

• kuchokera chala ndi mtsempha - 5.6 mmol / l,
• mu plasma - 6.1 mmol / L.

Ngati wodwala ali ndi zaka zopitilira 60, kuwongolera kwa miyezo yoyenera kumachitika potsatira kuwonjezeka kwa pafupifupi 0,056 pachaka. Ngati wodwala wapezeka kale ndi matenda a shuga, chifukwa chodziyimira pawokha komanso kusintha kwina kwa shuga panthawi iliyonse masana, ndikofunikira kugula glucometer yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kunyumba.

Kodi matenda ashuga amapezeka liti?

Matenda a shuga ndi mkhalidwe womwe wodwala amakhala ndi index ya shuga m'magawo 5.6-6.0 mmol / l, ngati malire ovomerezeka kwambiri adapitirira, shuga imayikidwa kwa bambo ndi mayi wamkulu. Nthawi zina, ngati mukukayika, ndizomveka kupanga mayeso opsinjika ndi shuga, omwe amachitidwa motere:

1. Monga chizindikiro choyambirira, kusala kwachitsanzo cha magazi kumachitika.
2. Kenako, mu 200 ml ya madzi, magalamu 75 a shuga ayenera kusakanikirana, yankho liyenera kuledzera. Ngati mayeso amachitika ndi mwana wochepera zaka 14, muyezo wake amawerengedwa molingana ndi formula 1.75 n pa 1 kg imodzi ya kulemera kwa thupi.
3. Kubwereza magazi kuchokera m'mitsempha kumachitika pambuyo pa mphindi 30, ola limodzi, maola awiri.

Nthawi yomweyo, lamulo loyambirira la kafukufuku liyenera kuchitika: patsiku loyesedwa, kusuta, kumwa madzi ndi kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi sikuloledwa. Wothandizira Laborator kapena gastroenterologist amanyoza zotsatira zoyeserera: kuchuluka kwa shuga kuyenera kukhala kwabwinobwino kapena kuchepetsedwa musanatenge madzi.

Ngati kulolera kulibe vuto, mayeso apakatikati amawonetsa 11.1 mmol / L mu plasma ndi 10,0 m'magazi otengedwa kuchokera mu mtsempha. Pambuyo pa maola awiri, phindu limakhalabe pamwamba pazomwezo, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti glucose womwe wadulidwa umatsalira m'magazi ndi madzi a m'magazi.