Zotsatira zakuchepa kwambiri kwa mitsempha ndi stenotic atherosulinosis.

Mukachepetsa lumen ya mitsempha chifukwa cha kupangika kwa zolembera zamtundu wa atherosclerotic, amapezeka ndi kuzindikira kwa stenosing atherosulinosis. Zimakhudza makamaka ziwiya zam'mbali, zotumphukira komanso zam'magazi, zomwe zimatsogolera minofu ischemia. Mawonetseredwe azachipatala ndi: angina pectoris, discirculatory encephalopathy, claudication yapakati.

Mankhwala, mankhwala omwe amachepetsa cholesterol yamagazi, ma antiplatelet agents ndi vasodilators amagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Werengani nkhaniyi

Zimayambitsa stenosing atherosulinosis

Ngakhale kuti mbali ya zinthu zambiri pakupanga matenda a atherosulinosis imaganiziridwa kuti ndi yotsimikizika, matendawa samamveka bwino. Pakadali pano, sizinatheke kukhazikitsa chifukwa chomwe stenotic atherosclerosis mwa odwala ena imakhudzira mtima, komanso m'matumbo ena a miyendo kapena ubongo. Palibenso mgwirizano uliwonse pakuwona zotsatira zoyambitsa, pambuyo pake kupita patsogolo kwazizindikiro za matendawa.

Maganizo apakati pa asayansi amadziwika posankha malo momwe ngozi yakuwonongeka kwa khoma laling'ono imawonjezeka nthawi zambiri. Izi zikuphatikiza:

mowa ndi chikumbumtima cha bongo,
ukalamba
olemedwa ndi chibadwa,
kusintha kwa thupi
matenda ashuga
ochepa matenda oopsa
cholesterol owonjezera mu chakudya,
kuphwanya kuchuluka kwa magawo a cholesterol,
kunenepa
hypothyroidism
mavuto
kusowa koyenda
matenda opatsirana.

Zinthu zingapo zikaphatikizidwa mwa wodwala m'modzi, njira yolumikizira mitsempha imayambika ali mwana, imayamba kulimba ndipo imayenderana ndi zovuta - kugunda kwamtima, kugunda kwamchiwalo, ziwengo zam'manja.

Ndipo apa pali zambiri za atherosulinosis ya ziwiya za khosi.

Kufotokozera kwa matendawa ndi njira yotukutsira

Stenosing atherosulinosis ndi njira ya m'magazi yomwe imafalikira kumitsempha yayikulu ya thupi. Makina a kupezeka kwake ndiosavuta. Mothandizidwa ndi zinthu zina, mafuta aufulu (cholesterol) aulere amayamba kuyikidwa m'makoma amitsempha yamagazi ndi malo oimika. Matendawa amadutsa mbali zingapo za chitukuko, gawo lomaliza ndikuchepetsa mphamvu ya mtsempha kukhala ochepa (stenosis). Zotsatira zake, minofu ndi ziwalo zomwe zimadalira malo omwe magazi amaperewera ndizosakwanira mu okosijeni ndi michere.

Vuto lakuchulukirachulukira kwa cholesterol plaques ndi minyewa yolumikizika pakati pawo imakhudza mitsempha yayikulu yayikulu. Poganizira malo a chitukuko cha pathological process, mitundu ingapo ya matendawa imasiyanitsidwa. Omwe angawonongeke kwambiri ndi mitsempha yam'mphepete yam'munsi, ubongo ndi mawonekedwe a mtima. Kuperewera kwa chithandizo cha panthawi yake nthawi zambiri kumabweretsa zotsatira zosasinthika: kulowetsedwa kwam'mimba, giligia la mwendo, stroke, thromboembolism yowonongeka mkati.

Zifukwa zazikulu

Kukula kwa atherosulinotic zotupa zazikulu mitsempha chifukwa cha zinthu zitatu:

Kuphwanya mafuta kagayidwe. Momwe cholesterol synthesis ndi kayendedwe kazinthu zimalephera kulowa mthupi, zochulukazo zimayamba kuyikidwa pazitseko zamitsempha yamagazi. Makina oyambitsa matendawa amatha kukhala matenda omwe amayamba chifukwa, zakudya zopanda thanzi, komanso kunenepa kwambiri.
Kudziletsa. Ngati stenosing atherosulinosis yapezeka mwa abale apamtima, mwayi wa matendawa umachulukana kangapo.
Kutsika kwamphamvu kwa makoma a mtima. Zolemba za cholesterol sizingakhalepo pamtondo wosalala komanso wathanzi. Mavuto otsatirawa amathandizira kuwonongeka kwa khoma la mtima: matenda a shuga, moyo wongokhala, komanso kusuta.

Ngati muli ndi chimodzi mwazambiri zomwe zalembedwa pamwambapa, muyenera kuyang'anitsitsa thanzi lanu, nthawi zambiri mumayesedwa.

Kuwonetsedwa kwa stenosis m'mitsempha ya ubongo

Mitsempha yama brachiocephalic ndi ziwiya zazikulu zochokera ku chipilala cham'mphepete kupita ku ubongo. Mawonekedwe awo angapo ophatikizika ndi bwalo la Willis. Amapereka magazi athunthu kupita ku ubongo.

Ngati chopinga mwa mtundu wa atherosselotic plaque chikapangidwa mu gawo limodzi la mabwalo a Willis, wina amalankhula za kukula kwa stenosis. Matendawa amakhudza kugwira ntchito kwa magazi athunthu mu ubongo. Kuperewera kwa chithandizo chamanthawi yake kungayambitse hypoxia kapena stroke. Zizindikiro za pathological process zimadalira kuchuluka kwa malo omwe atherosselotic plaque at the bed bed.

Poyamba, matendawa ndi asymptomatic. Ngati lumen ya chotchinga chatsekedwa ndi zolembedwa ndi 50% kapena kupitirira, wodwalayo angawonekere kuwonekera kwa zovuta zopanda pake. Zina mwa izo ndi:

chizungulire chapakati ndi kuchepa kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi,
kutengeka m'maganizo komwe kumapangitsa munthu kukhala wopsinjika,
zosokoneza
zovuta zowoneka (ma tinnitus, kusamva makutu, mawonekedwe a ntchentche patsogolo pa maso),
aakulu kutopa matenda
dzanzi la zala
kuphwanya kwa thermoregulation.

Zizindikiro zomwe zidatchulidwa poyamba sizikukhudza moyo. Odwala ambiri amangowanyalanyaza. Kupita patsogolo kwamphamvu kwa mapangidwe a mitsempha ya brachiocephalic kumapangitsa kuti mufune thandizo kuchokera kwa dokotala.

Kuwonetsedwa kwa stenosis kwamatumbo amtima

Mpweya ndi michere imalowa mu mtima kudzera m'mitsempha yama coronary. Kugonjetsedwa kwa ziwiya zamtunduwu ndi atherosulinosis kumabweretsa chiopsezo ku minofu yayikulu yathupi, kukhudza kayendedwe kake komanso kukwana kwake kwa mgwirizano. Ndi matendawa, odwala nthawi zambiri amadandaula za ululu mu sternum. Choyamba zimawonekera pambuyo pogwira ntchito mwamphamvu kapena kupsinjika. Popita nthawi, kusasangalala kumasiya munthu, ngakhale pakupuma. Kutalika kwa vuto lakumva ululu pafupifupi mphindi 30.

Mawonekedwe owopsa a pathological process ndi myocardial infarction. Matendawa amaphatikizidwa ndi kupweteka kwambiri mumtima, komwe sangathe kuyimitsidwa ndi piritsi la Nitroglycerin. Kupsinjika kwa magazi kumatsika, kuchititsa chizungulire chachikulu, kufooka. Atherosulinosis stenosing, yomwe imakhudza mitsempha ya m'mimba, imatha kubweretsa zovuta zazikulu. Izi zimaphatikizapo aneurysm yamtima, kugunda kwa mtima, komanso kupindika kwa minofu yake. Nthawi zambiri, madokotala amazindikira matenda obwera mwadzidzidzi.

Kuwonetsedwa kwa stenosis kwamitsempha yama m'munsi

Kupyola mu mtsempha wachikazi, magazi amayenda mpaka kowopsa kwambiri m'thupi, wokhala pamapazi. Stenosing atherosclerosis ya m'munsi malekezero amatenga malo achitatu pafupipafupi. Mawonetseredwe azachipatala amtunduwu wamatenda osiyanasiyana. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuti muganizire zakupanga kwa matenda m'magawo:

Poyamba, wodwalayo amasokonezeka ndi kudzimva, kuwotcha kapena kupsinjika kumapazi. Khungu la miyendo likuwoneka bwino.
Gawo lachiwiri limadziwika ndi mawonekedwe apang'onopang'ono. Mwendo umodzi, pakuyenda kapena kusewera masewera, umayamba kutopa koyambirira kuposa winayo. Pang'onopang'ono, zomverera zosasangalatsa zimakula m'dera la minofu ya ng'ombe, cyanosis yopitilira ikuwonekera.
Pa gawo lotsatila, kulimba mtima pakulankhula mosadukiza kumawonjezeka. Zimakhala zovuta kuti wodwalayo apite monga momwe amafunira osaleka. Nthawi zambiri odwala amadandaula za ululu m'mazizi, omwe samasowa pakupuma. Khungu lomwe lili kumapazi limapeza mtundu wopendekera, umatha kusweka komanso kuonda.
Gawo lachinayi, lameness imakhala yodziwika bwino kwambiri kotero kuti munthu amakakamizidwa kuti ayime masitepe 50 aliwonse panjira. Maonekedwe a zilonda zam'mimba, zotupa. Kupweteka kwambiri kwa mwendo kumasokoneza kupumula kwa usiku.

Simungathe kudikirira zotsatira zosasinthika za matendawa momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito vutoli. Ngati zizindikiro za matenda akumayenda m'miyendo (kufooka, pakulankhula), muyenera kufunsa dokotala nthawi yomweyo. Ngati katswiri watsimikizira stenotic atherosulinosis yamitsempha yam'munsi, chithandizo chitha kuperekedwa mwachangu.

Chizindikiro cha sanali stenotic atherosclerosis ya brachiocephalic ziwiya

Atherosulinosis imakhudza makamaka ziwiya zazikulu zamtundu-wotanuka. Mwa mitsempha imeneyi, BCS (ziwiya za brachiocephalic), mitsempha yam'mwambamwamba komanso m'munsi, khosi ndi mutu zimatha kusiyanitsidwa. Iliyonse ya zotengera imakhala ndi gawo la magazi kukapereka gawo lina la thupi ndipo zisonyezo zomwe zikuwoneka mu stenosis zidzachitika molingana ndi malowa.

Non-stenotic atherosulinosis ya brachiocephalic mtsempha wamagazi (BCA) ndiwosawoneka bwino m'thupi, atha kukhala asymptomatic kapena osapereka zizindikiro zenizeni za matendawa. Maphunzirowa amakhudzana ndi kukula kwa malo am'munsi mwa chotengera, ndipo ngati kuli kwakuti kuli zolaula zamatumbo a brachiocephalic, phula la cholesterol limapangidwa panjira ya mtsempha, potseka kuwala kwake kuzungulira gawo lonse. Non-stenotic atherosulinosis ya zigawo za extracranial imangoyambitsa zovuta zazing'ono za hemodynamic, kusunga magazi kupita kwa ziwalo.

Stenosing atherosulinosis ya thunthu la brachiocephalic ndi nthambi zake

Stenosing atherosulinosis ya mitsempha ya brachiocephalic imachitika pamene chilinganizo chikadutsa lumen ya thunthu la brachiocephalic. Kuti mumvetsetse za kakulidwe kazizindikiro, muyenera kudziwa komwe kuli mitsempha. Mtsempha wa brachiocephalic woyamba umachoka ku khola la aortic, wokhala ndi kutalika pafupifupi 4 cm, amapita kumanja ndikudutsa kumbuyo kwa sternoclavicular cholowa, komwe amagawika nthambi zake zomaliza:

Mitsempha yodziwika bwino ya carotid.
Mtsempha wam'madzi wa subclavian.
Mitsempha yam'manja yolumikizana, yomwe ndi nthambi yam'madzi am'madzi.

Kusokonezeka Kwazitali Kwambiri

Atherosulinosis ya ziwiya za brachiocephalic imayendera limodzi ndi mavuto amkati mwa dzanja lamanzere lakumanja. Magazi amaperekedwa ndi dzanja kuti apangidwe kuti asakhale ndi mgwirizano wamagazi. Mitsempha yam'manja yam'manja ndiyomwe imayambira magazi, koma chifukwa cha kubwezeretsa magazi kuchokera kuma nthambi ena a thunthu, njira ya ischemia imayamba pang'onopang'ono.

Poyamba, chifukwa cha atherosulinosis yamitsempha yama brachiocephalic, mkono umakhala wotumbulika, mphamvu imakhazikika, patresthesias amawoneka, ndiye kuti zimachitika zimasokonekera pamitsempha lamanja lamanzere, mawonekedwe amtsitsi amatha, minofu yakutsogolo imafooka, koma zizindikiritso zimachedwa.

Komanso, stenosing atherosulinosis ya gawo lachiberekero limayendera limodzi ndi kupangika kwa zilonda zam'mimba m'manja, necrosis ya zala ndi nthambi yonse. Ngati minyewa yam'manja ya subclavia yowonongeka, kukomoka ndi chizungulire, kuchepa kwa masomphenya, kupweteka mutu, chifukwa cha chiphokoso cha kubera kwa mtima komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha ischemia ya nthambi yam'mwamba.

Zowonongeka m'mitsempha ya khosi ndi mutu

Atherosulinosis ya mitsempha yayikulu ya khosi imachitika ndi kuwonongeka kwa chotupa cha carotid, ndi nthambi zake zamkati ndi zakunja. Popeza kuti kudziwa kwachilendo kwa cholesterol plaque, kuthira kwa magazi kumaso ndi ubongo kumasokonekera, zizindikirazo zidzakhala zoyenera. Kuzindikira hafu yakumaso kwa nkhope kumazimiririka, zomverera za "tsekwe zokwawa" zikutuluka.

Atherosulinosis ya magawo a mitsempha yam'mimba yam'mutu ndi khosi sikumabweretsa zovuta kwambiri zamatumbo, kumangoyambika kwa kanthawi kochepa, komwe kumachitika limodzi ndi mutu komanso chizungulire. Chifukwa chakuti kufalikira kwa magazi m'zigawo zapamwambazi kumapangidwa ndi chotengera chamanzere chama carotid, komwe sikudalira stenosing atherosulinosis ya ziwiya za brachiocephalic, kusowa kwa chindoko kwachilendo sikuchitika.

Magawo kumanzere kudutsa mu bwalo la Willis pang'onopang'ono amalipira zovuta za hemodynamic kuchokera pakati. Chizindikiro chowopsa ndikuchepa kwapang'onopang'ono m'mawonedwe, komwe kumayambitsa khungu, izi zikuwonetsa kuphwanya kufalitsidwa kwa magazi mu dongosolo la mitsempha ya carotid.

Zosokoneza magazi m'mitsempha yama vertebral

Atherosulinosis ya magawo a extracranial a mitsempha ya brachiocephalic yokhala ndi stenosis imatchulanso ziwiya za vertebral. Gawoli limapereka mbali zam'mbuyo za mutu ndi khosi, pomwe pali gawo lina la mitsempha yotere, yomwe ili ndi njira yake yolumikizana (Zakharchenko bwalo), yosalumikizana ndi dongosolo la mabwalo a Willis.

Atherosulinosis ya mitsempha yayikulu ya ziwalo zochokera m'magulu a vertebral imayendera limodzi ndi kusokonekera bwino, kusuntha kumakhala kosagwirizana (cerebellar ataxia), kuyenda kumakhala kosatsimikizika, wodwala amatha kutuluka kuchokera kubuluu. Kutsekeka kwathunthu kwa ziwiya zonse ziwiri zapakhosi, wodwalayo amayamba kusokonezeka kwakukulu kwa ntchito ya cerebellum ndi occipital cortex, wodwalayo sangathe kukhala ndipo atha kuwona kwathunthu. Zotsatira za matendawa zitha kukhala kuwonongeka kwa gawo la ubongo.

Cerebrovascular ngozi

Atherosclerosis ya ziwiya zazikulu zaubongo kuchokera ku kachitidwe ka mkati mwa carotid mtsempha ndi gawo lowopsa kwambiri lomwe limakhudzidwa ndi cholesterol plaques. Ngati gawo lomwe lakhudzidwalo lidapitirira mzere wa Willis, ndiye kuti kuwonongeka kwa chotengera kupitirira 70% pamakhala mwayi wowopsa wamagazi.

Pankhani ya kusokonezeka kwa mitsempha ya kutsogolo kwa lobe, yomwe imagwirizana ndi mtsempha wamagetsi wam'mimba, wodwalayo amatha kutaya mayendedwe, zolankhula ndi malingaliro zimasokonekera, kuthekera kwazidziwitso (kuzindikira) kumatha.
Pankhani ya kusokonezeka kwa magazi mu parietal lobe, yomwe imagwirizana ndi chotupa cham'mimba chapakati, wodwalayo sawona momwe thupi lake limasinthira, akusokoneza mbali yakumanzere ndi yamanzere, samatha kuzindikira ndikufotokoza zinthu, kutaya kwathunthu komanso kopanda chidwi.
Pakusokonezeka kwa chotupa cha kanthawi kochepa komwe kumachokera mu mtsempha wamagulu osokoneza bongo, wodwala amalephera kumva komanso kusiyanitsa phokoso.

Atherosulinotic zotupa za mtima

Stenosing atherosulinosis yamitsempha yama coronary imayendera limodzi ndi kuukira kwa angina, pamakhala chiwopsezo chachikulu cha kubanika kwa myocardial. Kudziwika kwachilengedwe komwe kumachitika m'matumbo a mtima kumakhala koopsa, chifukwa m'mimba mwake mumakhala mulingo wochepa komanso chidziwitso chokwanira cha ziwiya chimayamba msanga.

Mtima stenosis wa m'munsi malekezero

Stenosing atherosclerosis yamitsempha yam'munsi yam'munsi imakhala ndi zizindikiro zofanana ndi zomwe zili m'mphepete mwa chapamwamba. Mu magawo oyamba, kusokonezeka kwanyengo ndi kutentha kwa miyendo kumachitika. Kenako chizindikiro cha pathognomic chikuwonekera pazikhazikiko zomwe zili m'matumbo am'munsi, ndikulankhula kosinthika, komwe kumawonetsedwa ndi kupweteka m'miyendo, kuwonekera motsutsana ndi maziko oyenda ndikusowa poyima ndikupuma.

Ndi mitundu yapamwamba yamatendawa, minofu ya fassoci ya minofu imachitika, yomwe imasandulika kukhala zovuta zam'mphepete, zomwe zimawopseza ndikudula.

Kuzindikira kwa Ultrasound kwa sanali stenotic ndi stenosing atherosulinosis

Kuzindikira matendawa pogwiritsa ntchito ma diagnostics a ultrasound.Zizindikiro za ethergraphic za atherosclerosis zopanda stenotic zimawoneka bwino ndikusanthula kwa triplex. Makulidwe amtundu wa cholesterol plaque amadziwika, kuchuluka kwa magazi kumachepetsedwa pang'ono, kutsika kwina kumapangidwa ndikupanga hemodynamics yabwino mu minofu.

Zizindikiro zam'munsi za stenosing atherosulinosis zimawonetsedwa bwino. Malo osunthira chinsalu chimakwirira chotchinga chimaposa 70%, kuthamanga kwa magazi kumachepetsedwa kwambiri, ndipo magazi amayenda m'magawowo amaperekedwa ndi mitsempha yoyenda bwino kuposa yayikulu.

Atherosclerosis yokhala ndi stenosis ndipo yopanda stenosis: pali kusiyana kotani ndikuti mungadziwe bwanji?

Mchitidwewu umatengera kukhazikitsidwa kwa cholembera cha atherosulinotic, chomwe chimachitika magawo awa akapangidwe:

mafuta (lipid) banga,
zolembera,
zolembedwa zovuta.

Zotsatira za kutayika kwa chotsirizirachi (zoopsa, zowonongeka), zotsatirazi zimachitika:

zilonda zamtundu wololera zomwe zimatsatiridwa ndi kuphatikizika kwa mapulosi ndi kupangika kwa thrombosis, komwe kumapangitsa kuti mitsempha ipite patsogolo,
Kuchepetsa matayala ndi microsle chifukwa cha izi,
mawonekedwe a necrosis pansi pa zolembazo ndipo amakumana ndi aneurysm (vasodilation).

Zotsatira za izi pamwambapa ndi izi:

Malinga ndi European Society of Cardiology, zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa ngozi ndi izi:

chakudya chamafuta kwambiri
kusuta
mowa
kumangokhala
kuchuluka kwa mafuta m'thupi, triglycerides, lipoproteins wotsika m'magazi,
kuthamanga kwa magazi
matenda ashuga
onenepa kwambiri
kuchuluka kachulukidwe lipoprotein m'magazi,
kuchuluka magazi
matenda omwe amachititsa kutsika kwa kukhazikika kwa makoma amitsempha yamagazi kapena limodzi ndi njira zotupa mwa iwo.
mkulu C - yogwira mapuloteni m'magazi,
amuna
ukalamba
chibadwidwe chamtsogolo cha matendawa.

Tsopano tikambirana kusiyana pakati pa stenosing ndi non-stenosing atherosulinosis pogwiritsa ntchito mafupa am'munsi, chifukwa mawu awa amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kwa iwo.

Ngati lumen ya chotengera ili kuposa 50% yodzaza, tikulankhula za stenosis, ngati ndiyochepera 50%, sichoncho.

Kusiyana kwa Zizindikiro ndi kuwunika kwa wodwala

Pali magawo anayi:

Loyamba ndi loyambirira: Kupweteka m'miyendo kumachitika mukamayenda mtunda wautali kapena kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi.
Chachiwiri - kupweteka kumachitika ndikuphimba mtunda wa mita 250-1000.
Chachitatu: ululu umawoneka pakudutsa 50-100 metres.
Chachinayi: zilonda zam'mimba, zilonda zam'mimba zimatha kupweteka, kupweteka kwambiri m'miyendo kumasokoneza ngakhale pakupuma.

Kutengera ndi mawonekedwe a anatomical, magawo awiri oyambilirawo ndi amtundu wa non-stenotic, ndipo magawo awiri omaliza a stenotic atherosclerosis am'munsi malekezero, chifukwa ndi nthawi yochepetsetsa yoposa theka la lumen yomwe zizindikiro zowonjezera zidzawonekera, zomwe tikambirana pansipa.

Kudandaula pafupipafupi kwa wodwala

Pa magawo oyamba a matendawa, odwala, monga lamulo, samawonetsa madandaulo, kapena odwala samapereka zizindikiro.

Zomwe zikuluzikulu zimaphatikizapo:

kupweteka m'chiuno, matako, m'munsi kumbuyo, minofu ya ng'ombe,
kuwonjezeka ululu panthawi yolimbitsa thupi,
kuzizira kwa khungu m'miyendo,
nseru
chizungulire
kumverera kwa dzanzi m'm miyendo, "kukwawa", kumva kulira,
kusintha kwa khungu (pallor),
kuchiritsa kwamabala
Matumbo a m'munsi,
kuyabwa, khungu la miyendo,
kupindika misomali ndi khungu la kumapazi,
ming'alu, kutayika kwa tsitsi m'miyendo.

Mikhalidwe yofunika kuzindikiritsa:

Kuchulukitsa kwa magazi a systolic (BP), pomwe diastolic siikuwonjezeka.
Khungu la miyendo, makamaka mapazi, silizizirira kukhudza.
Kuyesedwa kwa magazi kwa: cholesterol, triglycerides, otsika kachulukidwe lipoproteins - kuchuluka, osachulukitsa lipoproteins - yafupika.
Kufooka kwa pulsation m'mitsempha yayikulu yamiyendo.
Doppler ultrasound. Zizindikiro zam'magazi a matenda: kukhalapo ndi kukula kwa kutsimikizika kwa mapepala, kuchepa kwa magazi m'matumbo, kuwonongeka kwawo ndi kuvulala kwa khoma.
Angiography - kuchepa kwa ziwiya (mpaka 50% ya lumen).
Dongosolo la tomografia yothandizanso ndikutha kudziwa zosintha zili pamwambazi.

Mayendedwe azithandizo

Kwa wodwala aliyense, chithandizo chimasankhidwa payekha, koma makamaka chimaphatikizapo:

Madera: simvastatin, atorvastatin, rosuvastatin (pakalibe zotsutsana).
Mankhwala a Vasodilating (antispasmodics): nitrate, papaverine, dibazole.
Pofuna kupewa thrombosis: ma antiplatelet othandizira - aspirin, chimes, clopidogrel, anticoagulants - warfarin, rivaroxaban, dabigatran.
Kukonzekera kwa Vitamini ndi ma antioxidants.
Moyo wathanzi womwe umalimbana ndi kuwonda.
Kuyang'anira kuthamanga kwa magazi - osavomerezeka kulola kuchuluka kwa magazi a systolic pamtunda wa 140 mmHg.
Maphunziro akuthupi, kusambira, njinga yochita masewera olimbitsa thupi.
Chithandizo cha matenda osachiritsika.
Kukana mowa, kusuta fodya, kumwa khofi ndi tiyi.
Kupatula kwamafuta a nyama ndi mchere, kuwonjezeka kwa zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba m'zakudya.

Kutalika kwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndi 1.5 mpaka miyezi iwiri. Bwerezani maphunzirowa kanayi pachaka.

Stenosing atherosclerosis ya mitsempha yayikulu yam'munsi yam'munsi

Pathology imadziwika ndi zisonyezo zonse za mawonekedwe am'mbuyomu popanda kuphatikizira, zomwe zafotokozedwa pamwambapa, komanso zizindikiro zina zowonjezera za stenosing atherosclerosis:

lameness (choyamba poyenda mtunda wautali, ndipo pomaliza ndi mtunda waifupi),
redness ndi kuzizira kwa mapazi,
kutupa kwamapazi,
kupweteka m'misempha ya ng'ombe, matako, m'chiuno ndi kuwonjezeka mmbuyo (kumachitika ngakhale usiku ndikupuma),
zilonda zam'mimba
zigawenga.

Kusintha Kwa Mayeso

Chowoneka mosiyana ndi izi ndikuti kupendekera kwa lumen kwa sitimayo kudzaposa 50%, ndipo mkhalidwewo khoma umakhala woipa kwambiri. Izi zitha kuwonekera pa angiography, ultrasound dopplerography (kuthamanga kwa magazi kumachepetsedwa kwambiri kuposa ndi osagwira stenotic, kapena ambiri kuyimitsidwa), computer tomography. Kuunika kosakhalapo kwa kuphipha kwam'mitsempha yayikulu, kutupa, zilonda zam'mimba, zilonda zam'mimba.

Mfundo zachithandizo

Kupereka thandizo lachipatala kwa wodwala, njira zonse zodzikonzera zomwe zafotokozedwa pamwambapa zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pazomwe sizothandiza stenotic atherossteosis.

Madokotala nthawi zambiri amathandizira wodwala pogwiritsa ntchito njira zopangira opaleshoni:

Balloon dilatation.
Angioplasty.
Kuuma kwa mafupa amakhudzidwa (amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu coronary sclerosis)
Prosthetics ya gawo lowonongeka la chotengera. Zopangira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Opaleshoni ya Bypass ndikupanga ngalande yochita kupanga, kudutsa gawo la mtsempha womwe sugwira ntchito.
Thrombendarterectomy - kuchotsa kwa zolengeza mkati mwa chotengera.
Kuduladula (kudula kwa gawo lanyimbo la nthambi) pachilonda.

Kuzindikira kwa kuchira

Monga momwe tikuwonera, kudaliratu kwa kuchira sikabwino monga tikanakonda, popeza matendawa nthawi zambiri amabweretsa kulumala. Ngati opaleshoniyo ichitika pa nthawi yake, ndiye kuti mutha kupulumutsa nthambi ndi ntchito yake, koma sizingatheke kuibwezeretsa kwathunthu.

Ndi chithandizo chamwadzidzidzi, matenda amtunduwu amatha kukhala owonetsa kwambiri. Odwala onse omwe ali mu "gawo langozi" (ndipo iyi ndi mbiri ya banja, zizolowezi zoipa ndi nthawi zina), ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti azikongoletsa zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale zovuta komanso kuti akhale ndi moyo wautali.

Zotsatira zotsatirazi zinagwiritsidwa ntchito kukonzekera.

Zizindikiro

Zizindikiro za stenosing atherosulinosis zimangotengera komwe matendawa ali ndipo ndiosavuta kuwazindikira, chifukwa magazi amayenda mthupi lonse ndipo ngati pali vuto, mawonekedwe ake akuphatikizanso tinthu tating'onoting'ono tomwe timapanga. Ponena za kukula, m'malo osiyanasiyana amatha kufotokozedwa mochuluka kapena pang'ono.

Ngati matendawa agwira m'mitsempha yam'munsi, zizindikirazo zizipezeka m'miyendo. Poyamba, munthu amadzimva kuti ali wotopa, wopanda nkhawa, komanso amakhala ndi nkhawa. Mavuto azintchito akuwoneka kuti zinthu zikuipiraipira. Malonda ocheperako amatha kukhazikika. Ngati simuchita chilichonse, zilonda za atrophic, kutupa ndi kufiyira kwamapazi kumawonekera. Zizindikiro za gangore zimawonetsa siteji yodwala.
Zizindikiro zamitsempha zam'mimba zimatsimikizira atherosulinosis ya mitsempha ya carotid, yomwe imadziwika ndi mutu, kutopa, mavuto amawonedwe a organic ndi kukumbukira kukumbukira. Kusokonezeka kwazungulira muzochitika zoterezi kumawonetsedwa ndi mavuto amawu omveka bwino komanso mawonekedwe a minofu ya nkhope.
Zizindikiro za atherosulinosis ya mitsempha ya brachiocephalic zimatchulidwanso mwatsatanetsatane, chifukwa chifukwa cha kufalikira kwa mitsempha ya brachiocephalic mu tsinde la msana, chotupa chimatha kukhala zonse atherosulinotic komanso makina.

Zizindikiro zofala kwambiri zimayimiriridwa ndi nseru ndi chizungulire, zomwe, mutatembenuza mutu, zimangokulira.

Zizindikiro

Kuti mudziwe komwe kuli vutoli, ndikokwanira kupenda zizindikirazo. Kusakhazikika m'miyendo kumawonetsa stenotic atherosulinosis ya mitsempha yotsika, mawonekedwe amitsempha am'mbuyomu a sclerosis a mitsempha yayikulu ya mutu, ndipo kuwonongeka kwa mtima kumawonetsa ntchito ya mitsempha ya mitsempha.

Kufufuza kopitilira muyeso kwa Ultrasound kumakupatsani mwayi kuti muwone kuwonongeka kwamitsempha yayikulu, pomwe kuwunika kwa Doppler kudzawonetsa atherosulinosis ya mitsempha ya brachiocephalic, ngati ilipo. Kutengera ndi zotsatira za ultrasound, dokotala yemwe amapezekapo amasankha njira zochitira opaleshoni kapena mankhwala, pomwe kuphunzira kwa Doppler kumazindikiritsa kuthekera, kuchuluka kwake, komanso momwe magazi amayendera ndi kuthamanga kwake.

Chithandizo cha matenda omwe amafunsidwa amasankhidwa malinga ndi malo omwe ali. Pamaso pa stenosing atherosulinosis ya mitsempha ya brachiocephalic, ndikofunikira kudziwa gawo la matendawa. Chithandizo chimatengera wodwala, komanso kupatuka ndi zizindikilo zilizonse. Mankhwala ochepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi amadziwika pamaso pa kudumpha. Izi zimapangitsa kuti gawo la zinthu zosavomerezeka pamatumbo ang'onoang'ono komanso m'mitsempha ya carotid. Mabedi nthawi zambiri amakhala gawo lokonzanso kuti muchepetse cholesterol. Zakudya ziyenera kukhala zopanda zakudya zopezeka ndi mafuta ambiri kapena mchere.

Njira ya carotid endarterectomy imakhala yofunikira ngati chithandizo chikuyenera kupita ku vuto la mitsempha ya carotid. Ngati mitsempha yayikulu ya m'mutu yakhudzidwa, pamakhala kusowa kwazinthu ndipo njira yopangira opaleshoni yomwe ingaganizidwe imatha kupewa vutoli. Longitudinal arteriotomy ingagwiritsidwe ntchito pochotsa zolengeza kuchokera ku lumen ya mtsempha wamagazi.

Ndi kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha yam'munsi yotsika, ndikovuta kukonza vutoli, popeza kupambana kwa chithandizo mwachindunji kumadalira nthawi yayitali ya chotupa ndi kuuma kwake. Hypothermia ndi kuchuluka kwa thupi kuyenera kupewedwa mosamala, chinthu chofunikira ndichofunika kudya chikondwerero, chomwe chimaphatikizapo mkaka ndi masamba. Maminolo ndi mavitamini ayenera kuthandizidwa mokwanira, chifukwa chake adotolo amafotokozera kuti mankhwala othandizira azikhala ndi mavitamini ambiri.

Kuwonongeka kwa sclerotic zolembera kuyenera kuphatikizidwa ndi chithandizo cha thromboembolism, nthawi zambiri wodwalayo amapatsidwa mankhwala othandizira, omwe amafunika kuwongolera magazi.

Kupewa

Njira zopewera ndikuphatikizira izi:

kusamalira zakudya
kupimidwa pafupipafupi, makamaka ngati pali matenda m'banjamo.
zolimbitsa thupi
kuthamanga kwa magazi,
kukana kwathunthu zizolowezi zoyipa mwanjira ya mowa, mankhwala osokoneza bongo kapena kusuta.

Ngakhale adakali aang'ono, ndikofunikira kuyamba kutsatira mfundo izi pofuna kupewa kuteteza matendawa kwathunthu kapena kuti muchepetse kuuma kwa Zizindikirozo mukadwala matenda okalamba kapena okalamba.

Njira Zodziwitsira

Kuti azindikire matendawa munthawi yake ndikuyamba chithandizo chake, anthu onse omwe ali ndi zaka 40 zakubadwa amalimbikitsidwa ndi madokotala kuti akamupimidwe kamodzi pachaka. Ndikokwanira kukayezetsa magazi pazomwe zikutsatirazi:

cholesterol, lipoproteins, triglycerides,
fibrinogen
shuga
coagulability.

Izi magawo angasonyeze molakwika kuphwanya mapuloteni-lipid kagayidwe, kamene kamayambitsa kukula kwa matenda.

Stenosing atherosclerosis ya mitsempha ya ubongo, mtima kapena m'munsi malekezero ndikosavuta kuzindikira. Kuti izi zitheke, wodwalayo amayesedwa kuti apimidwe mozama, zomwe zimaphatikizapo njira izi:

intravenous / arterial angiography yamitsempha yamagazi imagwiritsa ntchito zosiyana,
rheovasography
Phunziro la Doppler
katani ka katoni katatu.

Kutengera ndi zotsatira za mayeso, adotolo akhoza kutsimikizira koyambirira kwa matendawa. Pambuyo pa izi, wodwalayo adalandira mankhwala.

Mfundo zachithandizo

Chithandizo cha stenosing atherosulinosis makamaka zimadalira pa gawo liti la matenda omwe wodwalayo amapita kwa dokotala. Poyamba, kuwonjezera pa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo, ndikofunikira kuyesa kusintha moyo. Ndikofunika kusiya zizolowezi zoyipa, yesani kupuma kwambiri. Kupanda kutero, kumwa mankhwala kumangolepheretsa kupititsa patsogolo kwa matendawa, koma sikuletsa kwathunthu.

Mosakayikira, adotolo amafotokozera wodwalayo chakudya (tebulo Na. 10), wokhala ndi zakudya zamasamba. Nthawi zambiri amalimbikitsidwa kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda oopsa kapena mtima. Ngati mumatsatira zakudya zoterezi, simungangochepetsa kuchuluka kwa cholesterol yomwe mumadya, komanso kuchotsa zochuluka zake mthupi. Pankhaniyi, simungapite pakudya kuti muchepetse kunenepa. Thanzi liyenera kukhala loyenera komanso lokwanira. Kupanda kutero, chithandizo sichingabweretse zotsatira zomwe mukufuna.

Odwala omwe apezeka ndi matenda a "stenotic atherosulinosis of the m'mphepete mwanjira" ayenera kuwonjezeredwa ndi masewera. Zokonda ziyenera kuperekedwa kwa Nordic kuyenda kapena kusambira. Pazizindikiro zoyambirira za kutopa m'miyendo, muyenera kupumula nthawi yomweyo, osadzaza thupi.

Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo

Chithandizo cha atherosulinosis sichingaganizidwe popanda kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala. Nthawi zambiri, odwala omwe ali ndi matenda oterewa amapatsidwa mankhwala otsatirawa:

Otsutsa. Pewani kupanga mapangidwe amwazi m'magazi.
Antispasmodics. Sinthani kayendedwe ka magazi m'thupi lonse.
Mankhwala kusintha matenda a magazi. Choyamba, dontho la mankhwala limayikidwa, kenako limasinthidwa ndi fomu ya piritsi.
Ma Anticoagulants.

Mankhwala onse amasankhidwa kwa wodwala aliyense payekhapayekha. Onetsetsani kuti dokotalayo ayenera kuganizira za matendawo ndi mawonekedwe ake.

Kuthandizira opaleshoni

Stenosing atherosulinosis mu gawo lotsogola kumafuna opaleshoni. Kuthandizira opaleshoni kumakupatsani mwayi wobwezeretsanso mwanjira imodzi yamitsempha yamagazi, chotsani cholesterol plaque. Chifukwa chaichi, shunting, stenting kapena angioplasty amachitidwa.Manambala omwe atchulidwa amachitika mokhazikika komanso momasuka pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ochititsa dzanzi.

Zotsatira za matendawa

Zotsatira za matendawa zimatha kukhala zowopsa komanso zowopsa pamoyo. Mwachitsanzo, stenotic atherosulinosis yamitsempha yamaubongo nthawi zambiri imayambitsa kukula kwa sitiroko. Zowona, izi, sizimawonekera konse. Zonse zimatengera mawonekedwe a thupi, kudziwikiratu kumachitika kwa matenda. Kafukufuku akuwonetsa kuti pafupifupi 70% yaanthu opitilira 60 amadandaula pazakuwonetsa kosiyanasiyana kwa atherosulinosis. Izi ndizomwe zimayambitsa kulephera kwa ubongo.

Stenosing atherosclerosis ya ziwiya zamagawo am'munsi sikuti nthawi zonse amakhala ndi chiyembekezo chabwino. Ngati mitsempha yotsekedwa kwathunthu, mwayi wokhala ndi ischemic gangrene ukuwonjezeka. Makamaka nthawi zambiri, matenda am'mimba amapezeka mwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga, chifukwa matendawa amafulumizitsa njira ya stenosis.

Njira zopewera

Ndikofunikira kuyamba kuchita nawo kupewa kwa stenosing atherosulinosis kuyambira ubwana. Anthu onse opanda thanzi ali pachiwopsezo cha matendawa.

Kupewa kumaphatikizapo:

ukhondo
zolimbitsa thupi zolimbitsa thupi
kutsatira boma la ntchito ndikupuma.

Musaiwale za zakudya zoyenera. Zakudyazo zimayenera kukhala ndi nyama yopanda tanthauzo komanso zakudya zam'nyanja, komanso zakudya zam'mera.

Kukhala ndi moyo wathanzi kumatanthauza kusiya kusuta. Komabe, ndibwino kuti musayambe kusuta fodya komanso kumwa mowa konse.

Malangizo omwe adalembedwera akuyenera kuwonedwa pakumwa komanso asanafike. Malangizowo amatha kupewa zovuta za matendawa. Zizindikiro zoyambirira zikawoneka, zikuwonetsa stenosing atherosulinosis, muyenera kufunsa dokotala ndikuwunika mitsempha yamagazi. Ngati ndi kotheka, dokotala amupatseni mankhwala oyenera.

Zizindikiro zakukula kwa matendawa

Zowonetsera zamankhwala a stenosing atherosulinosis zimachitika ndi kuchepetsedwa kwa lumen kwa mitsempha yayikulu komanso yapakatikati mwa theka. Zomwe zimayambitsa ntchitoyi ndikuwonetsa ma lipoprotein ocheperako komanso otsika kwambiri mkati mwa chotengera. Ikangowoneka, cholesterol conglomerates imakula, imayamba kuchoka pamalo opaka mafuta mpaka atherocalcinosis, pang'onopang'ono kuchepetsa magazi kupita ku minofu.

Cerebral atherosulinosis (BCA, carotid mitsempha)

Maselo aubongo amadyetsedwa kudzera mwa brachiocephalic artery system (BCA). Izi zimaphatikizapo thunthu la brachiocephalic (kumodzi wamba carotid ndi subclavian) ndi nthambi zamanzere za dzina lomweli. Ngati mapangidwe a zolembera amapezeka mu aliyense wa iwo (nthawi zambiri pamalo a nthambi ya carotid wamba), ndiye kuti wodwalayo amapezeka ndi BCA atherosclerosis.

Imatha kukhala yopanda stenotic pokhapokha isanayambike chitukuko, malo a cholesterol amawoneka ngati kamtunda ndipo sangafike pamtunda wa theka la botilo. Pafupifupi njira zonsezi zimapita kwa stenotic pakapita nthawi.

Zizindikiro zoyambirira za kuperewera kwa magazi ku ubongo ndi izi:

kufooka kosalekeza
kutopa pansi pa katundu wamba,
kuganizira kwambiri,
kusakhazikika mtima
kugona pakati pausiku ndi kugona tulo usiku,
kusokonezeka kukumbukira
kuganiza mochedwa
mutu
tinnitus.

Pamene ischemia ya ubongo ikupita patsogolo, kusungirako ndi kusanthula kwa chidziwitso kumasokonekera, malingaliro amasinthidwe - odwala amakhala osakwiya, okayikira, omwe amakhala okhumudwa. Tinnitus wopindika, kusawona bwino ndi kumva, kugwedezeka, ndi manja akunjenjemera kukuwonetseranso kuchepa kwa magazi.

Pakadali pano, pali kutaya chidwi ndi ntchito zamtundu uliwonse, kutaya mwayi wogwira ntchito moyenera. Kukhazikika kwa dementia kumadziwika ndi njira zotsatirazi:

luntha lotsika
kukumbukira kumatha
mawu osamveka
kutha kwa chidwi cha ena,
kulephera kudzisamalira komanso kudzisamalira.

Zizindikiro zake m'matumbo otere ndi motere:

kupweteka m'mutu ndi mseru kapena kusanza,
kusokonezeka kwapang'onopang'ono kwa chikumbumtima - kuchokera ku chikhalidwe cha stumor mpaka chikomokere,
kutaya mphamvu kuyenda pawokha miyendo,
nkhope yosenda
malankhulidwe amasintha
kuvuta kumeza.

Miyendo Yotsika

Mu nthawi yayitali ya stenosing atherosclerosis koyambirira, wodwalayo amatulutsa ululu m'matumbo mwendo pamene akuyenda, kusakhazikika kwakanthawi ndikuwonjezera chidwi cha miyendo ndikuzizira. Momwe minyezizo imacheperachepera, ululu umayamba kusweka pang'ono, khungu limayamba kutuwa, kenako utoto wonyezimira.

Matenda a kukomoka kwapakati amawonjezereka pakukwera masitepe, poyamba zimachitika pokhapokha ngati akuyenda mtunda wautali, kenako wodwalayo sangathe kuyendanso ngakhale mita 25 osayima.

Kulimbana kwambiri ndi atherosulinosis ndi kufinya kwambiri kungapangitse kuti mwendo wanu ukhale wolimba komanso kuti azidulidwa. Kuopseza kwa vuto lalikulu ngati izi kumawonekera ndi zilonda zam'mbuyo zosachiritsa pamwendo wapansi, komanso kufinya kwamkodzo m'mtsempha.

Mitsempha yama coronary

Kuchepa kwa magazi m'mitsempha yama coronary kumayambitsa kupweteka kwamtima - angina pectoris. Amadziwika ndi mawonekedwe osasangalatsa am'mbuyo kumbuyo kwa sternum mwanjira ya constriction, yoyaka. Kukula kwa ululu wamankhwala kumasiyana kuyambira pang'ono mpaka osapirira, ululu umatha kufalikira kudera la phewa, mkono wamanzere, khosi. Kusokonezeka kwa magazi kwa kanthawi kochepa kumadziwika pambuyo pakuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, kupsinjika, usiku.

Panthawi ya kuukira, kusowa kwa mpweya, manja ozizira komanso dzanzi, mapangidwe ake amakhala osakhazikika, kusinthasintha kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi kumatheka. Kupweteka kwanthawi yayitali kumatanthauza kukula kwa vuto la mtima. Zina mwazovuta za angina pectoris ndikuchotsa minofu yogwira mtima ndi mtima komanso kuwonjezeka kwa kulephera kwa mtima.

Onani kanemayo pa stenosing atherosulinosis, zizindikiro zake ndi chithandizo:

Ziphuphu ndi zisonyezo zina zaku kukhalapo kwa matendawa

Njira imodzi yodziwitsira matenda yomwe imathandizira kuphunzira kuchuluka kwa ziwiya zamagalimoto, kuyeza kuchuluka kwa stenosis yake (kupendekera) ndi echocardiography - ultrasound mumalowedwe obwereza. Zimathandizira kuzindikira kupezeka kwa zolembera za atherosselotic, kukula kwake ndi kukula kwake ndi mulifupi mwake wamtsempha, kuzungulira kwa zovuta mu dera la anatomical. Zizindikiro zosatsutsa ndizo:

kupezeka kwa cholesterol amana, akukhala osakwana 50% a lumen of the artery,
pomwe chidikacho chili mkati moyambira.
kutuluka kwa magazi kwakukulu kumafooka.

Chidziwitso chofunikira cha atherosulinosis yamitsempha yama coronary imatha kupezeka pogwiritsa ntchito ECG - kutalika kwa kuukira, gawo la ST likuchepa, ndipo T imakhala yosasangalatsa, phokoso ndi kusokonezeka kwa mawonekedwe.

Kuthamanga kofulumira moyang'ana kumbuyo kwa kuukira kukuwonetsa angina pectoris, ndipo yabwinobwino imawonetsa mawonekedwe. Kudziwitsa mwatsatanetsatane mkhalidwe wa kufalikira kwa coronary kumachitika pogwiritsa ntchito mayeso opsinjika ndikuwunika tsiku lililonse ECG.

Coronarografia, angiography yamitsempha yamagazi kapena zotumphukira imathandiza ndi kudalirika kwakukulu kuzindikira matenda otaya magazi, malo osatseka ndipo, koposa zonse, mkhalidwe wakadutsa (njira zowongoka) ndi ma microcirculation mu capillaries. Ndikofunikira kuti musankhe ntchito isanachitike kuti musankhe njira yolondola. Kuphatikiza pa mawonekedwe apamwamba a X-ray, MRI angiography imagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Laboratory diagnostic atherosulinosis imakhudza maphunziro awa:

kuyesa kwamwazi wamagazi,
mbiri ya lipid
coagulogram
Kutsimikiza kwa creatine phosphokinase, troponin, ALT ndi AST poti akuwaganizira kuti ali ndi vuto linalake la myocardial.

Chithandizo cha stenosing atherosulinosis

Osatengera komwe kuli atherosulinosis, zakudya zapadera zimayikidwa kwa odwala omwe ali ndi vuto la cholesterol yamagazi. Amachepetsa mafuta a nyama, zakudya zamzitini, soseji, msuzi wopangidwa ndi mafakitale, margarine, batala, offal, zinthu zomalizidwa. Menyuyi iyenera kukhala ndi masamba okwanira kubiriwira komanso owiritsa, mbewu kuchokera ku mbewu zonse, zipatso.

Kusintha kapangidwe ka magazi, mankhwala ogwiritsira ntchito lipid metabolism amagwiritsidwa ntchito - Simgal, Lovastatin, Zokor, nicotinic acid.

Popewa magazi kuundana, Aspirin ndi Tiklid akulimbikitsidwa. Chofunikira ndikusunganso kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi shuga.

Kwa matenda atherosulinosis, vasodilators (Cavinton, Nimotop), mankhwala opititsa patsogolo ma microcirculation (Agapurin, Curantil), othandizira metabolic (Glycine, Bilobil), ndi nootropics kuti akonzenso kukumbukira (Sermion, Lucetam, Somazina) amagwiritsidwanso ntchito.

Pakawonongeka madera akumunsi, antispasmodics (Xanthinol nicotinate, Halidor), mavitamini a B, angioprotectors (Vazaprostan, Calcium dobesylate) akuwonetsedwa, novocaine blockades amathandizidwa pothandizira kupweteka, ndipo Streptokinase imayendetsedwa panthawi ya kufalikira kwa thrombus.

Nitroglycerin amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyimitsa kuukira kwa angina pectoris, chithandizo cha nthawi yayitali - nitrate ya nthawi yayitali (Isoket, Monosan), Sidnofarm, beta-blockers (Concor, Anaprilin), calcium antagonists (Isoptin, Corinfar retard), Preductal.

Ngati mankhwalawo sanapereke zotsatira zomwe zikuyembekezeredwa, nkhani ya chithandizo cha opereshoni ikugwirizana. Chikwangwani chomwe chili ndi gawo la membala wamkati chimachotsedwa pa endarterectomy, lumen ya mtsempha umatsitsidwa ndi balloon ndipo stent imayikidwa, mitsempha kapena prosthesis imakola m'malo mwa gawo lomwe lakhudzidwalo, ma bypass adayikidwa (opaleshoni yam'mimba).

Zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa

Atherosulinosis ndi matenda a multifactorial. Pali zinthu zingapo zomwe zingayambitse ngozi. Mankhwala, zovuta zonse zomwe zimayambitsa zimagawidwa ndizotayika. Zosatayikira komanso zotayira. Izi mwina ndi izi:

Kubadwa kapena kubadwa kwa cholowa - pamakhala chiopsezo chachikulu cha matenda kwa abale apamtima, popeza kupanga atherosulinosis kumatsimikiziridwa makamaka ndi mawonekedwe ena amtundu,
Zaka za odwala - anthu ambiri amayamba kuzindikira zizindikiro zoyambirira za atherosclerosis patatha zaka 40, popeza ndi odwala azaka zapakati komanso achikulire omwe amakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi izi,
Kugonana - kumakhalanso ndi gawo lofunikira: akazi amalandira atherosclerosis pafupifupi kanayi kuposa abambo, ndipo zaka zosachepera 10,
Kusuta fodya - osuta ali ndi chiopsezo chowonjezereka cha khansa yamapapu komanso chifuwa chachikulu, komanso chiwopsezo chachikulu cha atherosulinosis ndi zotsatirapo zonse zotsatira,
Mavuto onenepa kwambiri ndiye chiopsezo chosakhazikika, chifukwa kuchepa thupi kumachitika nthawi zonse, muyenera kungokhumba,
Popeza pali mitundu ingapo ya lipids m'thupi lathu, zovuta za cholesterol zimatha kuphatikizidwa ndi kuphwanya zomwe zili ndi ma lipids ena, monga triglycerides ndi chylomicrons,
Matenda a shuga ndi matenda oopsa m'njira iliyonse. Popita nthawi, limodzi la zovuta zotsatirazi, matenda a shuga - macroangiopathy amakula - kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha yaying'ono komanso yayikulu. Mwachilengedwe, iyi ndi gawo labwino pakuphatikizidwa kwa cholesterol plaques. Kuphatikiza apo, odwala matenda ashuga nthawi zambiri amakhala onenepa kwambiri (makamaka ndi mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga),
Kuperewera kwa lipoproteins yapamwamba - cholesterol yomwe imagwirizanitsidwa ndi iwo imatchedwa "yabwino", ndipo sikuvulaza thupi, koma imodzi yomwe imalumikizidwa ndi lipoprotein yotsika komanso yotsika kwambiri siyothandiza kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, pakukonzekera chithandizo amayesetsa kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa "zabwino", ndikuchepetsa cholesterol "yoyipa",
Metabolic syndrome ndi dzina lodziwika bwino la mawonekedwe angapo, omwe amaphatikizapo matenda oopsa (kuthamanga kwa magazi), kutsika kwamkati wamafuta (ambiri pamimba), triglycerides yowonjezereka, komanso shuga wosakhazikika kwa magazi (kulekerera kwapakati).
Kukhala moyo wongokhala - izi zimapangitsa kuti munthu akhale wonenepa komanso azikhala wathanzi.
Kuwonetsedwa kupsinjika kosasintha, kusintha kwa malingaliro.

Kuphatikiza apo, kuvutitsidwa kwa zakumwa zilizonse zokhala ndi mowa kumatha kubweretsa mawonekedwe a matenda.

Chithandizo ndi kupewa stenosing atherosulinosis

Chithandizo cha stenosing atherosulinosis imakhudza njira zingapo zingapo.

Njira zochizira - zimaphatikizira kugwiritsa ntchito magulu apadera amankhwala, monga ma statins, ma fibrate, sequenti ya anion ndi kukonzekera kwa nicotinic acid. Zoyipa zotsutsana ndi kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwawo ndizovuta za chiwindi.

Kugwiritsa ntchito antispasmodics kuchotsa kuphipha kwamitsempha yamagazi (papaverine, no-spa),

Kukhazikitsidwa kwa anticoagulants ndi antiplatelet agents - mankhwalawa amatithandizanso kupanga magazi.

Zakudya ndizimodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri polimbana ndi cholesterol. M'pofunika kuchepetsa kapena kusiyiratu zakudya zomwe zili ndi mafuta ambiri m'zakudya, idyani mafuta ochepa, okazinga, osuta komanso amchere. M'malo mwake, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tiziwonjezera kudya masamba komanso zipatso, zipatso, zitsamba, kabichi, kaloti, mtedza, mafuta a masamba, nyemba, mitundu ya nyama ndi nsomba, komanso nsomba zam'nyanja. Muyeneranso kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa zotsekemera, tiyi wakuda ndi khofi,

Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi ndizovomerezeka - makamaka kulimbitsa thupi, kuyenda tsiku lililonse kwa theka la ola, chifukwa zonsezi zimathandiza kulimbikitsa magazi kutuluka ndikuchotsa mapaundi owonjezera,

Mankhwalawa agwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi mankhwala azitsamba, mwachitsanzo, mankhwala osokoneza bongo komanso mankhwala azitsamba omwe amatha kukonzekera mosavuta kunyumba,

Muzochitika zapamwamba kwambiri, opaleshoni imagwiritsidwa ntchito (stenting, bypass surge).

Kupewa kwa stenosing atherosulinosis ndi gawo lofunikira kwambiri pamoyo wa anthu onse omwe safuna kuthana ndi vutoli.

Choyamba, muyenera kutsatira zakudya kuchokera ku cholesterol yayikulu ndikusayesa kuipitsa ndi zakudya zomwe zimakhala ndi mafuta ambiri a nyama ndi cholesterol. Muyeneranso kuyang'anira thupi lanu, chifukwa kunenepa kwambiri sikupindulitsa - ndi katundu wina pamtima wama mtima.

Kuyambira kuyambira zaka 30, muyenera kuyang'anitsitsa kuchuluka kwa cholesterol yanu. Zosafunanso ndizofunikira nthawi zonse, osafunikira zolimbitsa thupi zolimbitsa thupi.

Ndikofunika kusiya zizolowezi zoyipa kapena kuzichepetsa, chifukwa zimakhudza osati ziwiya zokha. Muyeneranso kumwa mavitamini a magulu osiyanasiyana ndikutsatira zinthu kuti mulimbikitse chitetezo chathupi komanso chitetezo chamthupi.

Kodi stenotic atherosulinosis idzauza katswiri wa kanemayu munkhaniyi.

Mfundo Zoyenera kupewa ndi Chithandizo

Pofuna kupewa mapangidwe atsopano ndikuchepetsa omwe alipo, amagwiritsa ntchito zakudya ndi mankhwala, koma chithandizo cha opaleshoni ndichofunikira pakulimbitsa kwa stenosing atherosulinosis yamitsempha. Stenosis yovuta imawongoleredwa pogwiritsa ntchito stenting ya endovasasm kapena opaleshoni yodutsa, mosasamala kanthu komwe malo amatsata.