Matenda a shuga okalamba: zomwe zimakhala zowopsa kwa munthu wokalamba komanso chifukwa chake zimachitika

Matenda a shuga amatenga matenda oopsa kwa anthu, amafunika kuwunika momwe alili komanso ndalama zofunika kuwonetsetsa kuti alandila mankhwala.

Mavuto omwe amatha kuyambitsa matenda ashuga - matenda a impso, chiwindi, mavuto a mtima. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuti muzindikire moyenera komanso munthawi yake.

Kukana kwa insulin kumawonedwa osati mwa okalamba. Masiku ano, odwala ndi ana ang'onoang'ono amapezeka ndi matenda. Koma funso lofunikira kwambiri lidakali la anthu omwe zaka zawo ndi zopitilira 55. Kodi chifukwa chake ndi chiyani, momwe mungadziwire zoyambira zoyambitsa matenda a shuga?

Zifukwa zachitukuko

Monga kafukufuku wazachipatala, matenda a shuga, makamaka mtundu II, amapezeka motsutsana ndi maziko a chibadwa (80% cha matenda). Pali zinthu zina zachiwiri zomwe zimathandizanso kuti matendawo atukuke.

Makamaka, ndikofunikira kudziwa zingapo zomwe zimayambitsa matenda ashuga:

kunenepa kwa zovuta zilizonse. Zili mu lipid metabolism kuti pamakhala chiopsezo chofunikira kwambiri kwa anthu omwe ali ndi metabolite wodekha m'thupi,
zovuta pamlingo uliwonse komanso nthawi yayitali. Kwa munthu wachikulire, mkhalidwe wopsinjika kamodzi ndi wokwanira, motsutsana ndi kumbuyo komwe kumakhala ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi, arrhythmia ndi secretion yowonjezera ya cortisol (mahomoni opsinjika). Chifukwa chokhala ndi nkhawa nthawi zonse, thupi limatha kuchita molakwika, kudzutsa mawonekedwe a insulin,
moyo wongokhala komanso kupatula zakudya zopatsa thanzi (zam'phaka, mafuta a nyama) zochokera kwa ogwiritsa ntchito zimayambitsa chiwopsezo cha matenda ashuga.

Mawonekedwe mwa odwala okalamba

Odwala omwe ali ndi zaka zopitilira 50 nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi mahomoni okhala ndi zotsutsana. Kuyambira kuyambira m'badwo uno, pali kutengera kwachilengedwe kwa kupanga kwakukulu kwa mahomoni STH, ACTH, ndi cortisol.

Poyerekeza ndi momwe izi zimachitikira, kulolerana kwa glucose kumachepa. Mwakuchita izi, zizindikiro zosinthidwazo ndi zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa chitukuko cha matenda ashuga, zonse ziwiri.

Endocrinologists amati zaka 10 zilizonse (pambuyo pa 50):

Kwa zaka zambiri ndakhala ndikuphunzira za zovuta za DIABETES. Zimakhala zowopsa anthu ambiri akamwalira, ndipo makamaka amakhala olumala chifukwa cha matenda ashuga.

Ndithamangira kunena mbiri yabwino - Endocrinological Research Center ya Russian Academy of Medical Sayansi yakwanitsa kupanga mankhwala omwe amachiritsa odwala matenda ashuga mellitus. Pakadali pano, kugwiritsa ntchito bwino kwa mankhwalawa kuyandikira 100%.

Nkhani ina yabwino: Unduna wa Zaumoyo wateteza kukhazikitsidwa kwa pulogalamu yapadera yomwe imalipilira mtengo wonse wa mankhwalawo. Ku Russia ndi mayiko a CIS odwala matenda ashuga kale Julayi 6 alandire mankhwala - ZAULERE!

shuga amasintha mozungulira 0,055 mmol / l (pamimba yopanda kanthu),
kuchuluka kwa glucose mu biomatadium (plasma) pambuyo 1.5-2 maola atatha chakudya chilichonse chikuwonjezeka ndi 0,5 mmol / L.

Izi ndi zitsanzo zapakati zokha, zomwe m'moyo zingasiyane.

Mwa munthu wachikulire, ngakhale atakhala kuti ali ndi vuto lotani, kuchuluka kwa HCT (glucose m'magazi) kumasiyana malinga ndi zinthu zingapo, zomwe zimafotokozedwa pamwambapa kuti ndizoyambitsa kwachiwiri. Zotsatira zake zimakhala chiopsezo chambiri kapena chotsika cha matenda amtundu wa II omwe amapuma pantchito.

Kuti mumve tsatanetsatane wa vutoli, ndikofunikira muzowunikira momwe magazi amapangidwira pambuyo pake pakudya (pambuyo pa maola awiri). Kuwonjezeka kwa ziwonetsero kukuwonetsa kuti pali zovuta zina mthupi, zomwe munthu akamakalamba amatanthauza kukhalapo kwa matenda ashuga.

Ndili ndi zaka 47, ndinapezeka kuti ndili ndi matenda ashuga a 2. M'masabata angapo ndinapeza pafupifupi 15 kg. Kutopa nthawi zonse, kugona, kumva kufooka, kuwona kunayamba kukhala pansi.

Nditakwanitsa zaka 55, ndinali nditadzibaya kale ndi insulin, zonse zinali zoipa kwambiri. Matendawa adapitilirabe, kukomoka kwakanthawi kunayamba, ambulansi imandibwezera kuchokera kudziko lina. Nthawi zonse ndimaganiza kuti nthawi ino ikhala yomaliza.

Chilichonse chinasintha mwana wanga wamkazi atandilola kuti ndiwerenge nkhani imodzi pa intaneti. Simungayerekeze m'mene ndimamuyamikirira. Nkhaniyi inandithandiza kuthana ndi matenda ashuga, omwe amati ndi osachiritsika. Zaka 2 zapitazi ndidayamba kusuntha zowonjezereka, nthawi yamasika ndi chilimwe ndimapita kumayiko tsiku lililonse, ndikumalima tomato ndikugulitsa pamsika. Azakhali anga amadabwa ndimomwe ndimapangira chilichonse, komwe ndimapeza mphamvu zambiri, sakhulupirira kuti ndili ndi zaka 66.

Ndani akufuna kukhala ndi moyo wautali, wamphamvu komanso kuiwalako za matenda oyipawa kwamuyaya, tengani mphindi 5 ndikuwerenga nkhaniyi.

Kuphwanya kulekerera (kuchuluka kwa zizindikiro za plasma) ku glucose mu ukalamba nthawi zambiri kumachitika pazifukwa zingapo:

kutsika pambuyo pazosintha zokhudzana ndi zaka mu minofu yomverera kwa insulin,
kuchepa kwa kapamba, makamaka, katulutsidwe ka insulin,
mphamvu ya ma insretins (mahomoni) imachepetsedwa chifukwa cha zaka.

Njira ya matenda a shuga a mtundu II omwe amakhala nawo pakati pa penshoni imalemedwa ndi zinthu monga kukhalapo kwa ziwalo zingapo za matenda.

Malinga ndi ziwerengero za endocrinologists, 80% ya odwala omwe ali ndi matendawa kale anali ndi matenda oopsa kapena dyslipidemia. Zinthu zotere zimafuna chithandizo chapadera (prophylactic kapena inpatient).

Pambuyo pamankhwala ena pamatenda omwe ali pamwambapa, zotsatira zoyipa zimachitika: kuphwanya kwa chakudya cham'mimba ndi lipid metabolism. Izi zimasokoneza metabolic metabolologies omwe amafunikira kuwongolera odwala matenda ashuga.

Chithunzi cha kuchipatala

Monga lamulo, odwala kapena abale awo samalabadira zomwe sizinatchulidwe, zomwe, pakadali pano, ndizizindikiro zofunika zakukula kwa matenda ovuta.

Kutopa, kugona, kusinthasintha kwa ma virus komanso matenda pafupipafupi - izi ndi chizindikiro cha munthu wokalamba.

Chifukwa chake, ambiri safuna upangiri, chifukwa zisonyezo zonse ndi zaka. Pakadali pano, ndizizindikiro izi, komanso kuchuluka kwamadzimadzi omwe amatengedwa omwe akuwonetsa kukhalapo kwa matendawa.

Kodi kuopsa kwa matenda ashuga a mtundu 2 ndi okalamba ndi kotani?

Monga matenda ena aliwonse okalamba kapena osachedwa, matenda ashuga ali ndi mfundo zingapo zowopsa zomwe ndizofunikira kuziganizira kwa odwalawo komanso abale awo:

mtima mavuto (macroangiopathy a mitsempha yayikulu ndi yapakatikati),
microangiopathy kapena kusintha kwa ma arterioles, capillaries, venule (atherosulinosis),
matenda a mtima opita patsogolo
chiopsezo chowonjezereka cha myocardial infarction,
chiopsezo chowonjezeka,
atherosulinosis ya ziwiya zamapazi.

Tiyenera kumvetsetsa kuti microangiopathies (atherosulinosis) imakula mwa anthu achikulire mwachangu komanso koyambirira kuposa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ofanana ali aang'ono. Poyerekeza ndi maziko a matenda a shuga, matenda osokoneza bongo monga kuchepa kwa masomphenya (kutsiriza khungu), kuyang'ana kumbuyo, ndikuyendetsa ma mandala kuwonekera.

Pamaso pa matenda a impso, nephroangiopathy, matenda a pyelonephritis amakhala. Nthawi zambiri pamakhala matenda a matenda ashuga. Njirayi imayendetsedwa ndikumverera kuchepa kwa khungu kumiyendo, nthawi ndi nthawi kumakhala kumverera kwa zokwawa, ndipo khungu lonse limakhala louma, ngati pepala lanyumba.

Zizindikiro

Ngati mukukayikira shuga, dokotala amakupatsani kafukufuku wambiri (kawiri) wamagazi a m'magazi:

glycated hemoglobin,
khalidi albin,
shuga yosala kudya (plasma)> 7.0 mmol / l - chizindikiro cha matenda ashuga,
shuga m'magazi kuchokera ku chala> 6.1 mmol / L ndi chizindikiro cha matenda ashuga.

Ndikofunika kuganizira umboni wa mkodzo kupezeka kwa shuga, acetone. Kuyesedwa ndi dokotala wamaso, ma neurologist amaonedwa ngati ovomerezeka.

Mankhwala

Kuchiza matenda a shuga sikungofunika nthawi yayitali (osachepera zaka ziwiri), komanso kuwononga ndalama zochulukirapo.

Odwala ambiri, akuyembekeza machiritso mothandizidwa ndi malingaliro osavuta, amayamba mkhalidwe wovuta, ndikupangitsa kukhazikika kwa matenda a shuga.

Shuga pamkhalidwe uwu amaposa chizindikiro cha 30 mmol / l (pamlingo wochepera 5), kuyankhula kumakhala kotsika, malingaliro amakhala osagwirizana. Osangokhala ma cell a ubongo omwe amawonongeka, komanso ziwalo zonse zamkati.

Kulankhula za chithandizo pankhaniyi ndikovuta kwambiri. Ntchito yake ndi kuti adotolo apulumutse moyo ndikusintha moyo wabwino. Chithandizo chamankhwala osokoneza bongo ndi njira yokhayo yoyenera yomwe ingakhazikitse thanzi, pokhapokha ndikukhazikika.

Ngati kuli kotheka kukhazikika m'magulu a shuga, ndikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito ma increatins (mimetics, GLP-1). Koma, mulimonse momwe zingakhalire, ndikofunikira kumvetsetsa kuti moyo wabwino umadalira momwe wodwalayo amakhalira, ndipo njira zambiri zochiritsira zimakhala ndi kuchepetsa shuga. M'tsogolomo, wodwalayo amangoyang'anira zakudya, akumalandira malangizo a dokotala.

Mankhwala okhazikika: