Zolemba ndi malamulo othandizira insulin mu shuga

Matenda a shuga ayamba kudziwika kuyambira kale. Koma chithandizo cha matenda oopsawa chinayamba patapita nthawi, pomwe mahomoni ofunika kwambiri, insulin, adapangidwa. Zinayamba kukhazikitsidwa mwachangu mu mankhwala mu 1921, ndipo kuyambira pamenepo mwambowu umadziwika kuti ndi wofunika kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi. Poyamba, panali zovuta zambiri ndi njira yoyendetsera ma horoni, kudziwa malo omwe amayang'anira, koma patapita nthawi, mankhwala a insulin adasinthika kwambiri, chifukwa, ma regimens okwanira anasankhidwa.

Mankhwala a insulin ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri kwa anthu odwala matenda ashuga a mtundu woyamba. Pokhapokha pali zabwino zamankhwala pama mankhwalawa amitundu iwiri ya matenda ashuga, kuyendetsa insulin mosalekeza kumafunikiranso. Anthu odwala matenda ashuga ndi banja lake lenileni amafunika kudziwa komwe angapangire ndendende mahomoni.

Kufunika kwa insulin yoyenera

Kukwaniritsa bwino mahomoni ndi ntchito yayikulu kulipira matenda a shuga. Kukhazikitsidwa koyenera kwa mankhwalawa kumatsimikiza kugwira ntchito kwake. Zinthu zofunika kukumbukira:

The bioavailability kapena kuchuluka kwa insulin kulowa magazi kumatengera malo jakisoni. Mfuti ikalowetsedwa pamimba, kuchuluka kwa kulowa kwake m'magazi ndi 90%, ndikalowetsa dzanja kapena mwendo, 70% ya timadzi timalowa. Ngati jekeseni wambiri m'dera, pafupifupi 30% ya mankhwala omwe amathandizidwa amamizidwa ndipo insulin imayamba pang'onopang'ono.
Mtunda pakati pa malo opumira uyenera kukhala wokulirapo masentimita atatu.
Sipangakhale kupweteka konse ngati singano ndiyatsopano komanso yowongoka. Malo opweteka kwambiri ndi pamimba. Mmanja ndi mwendo, mutha kubaya pafupifupi popanda kupweteka.
Kubwereza kubwereza nthawi yomweyo kumaloledwa pambuyo pa masiku atatu.
Ngati magazi adatulutsidwa jekeseni, zikutanthauza kuti singano idalowa m'mitsempha yamagazi. Palibe cholakwika ndi izo, kwakanthawi kadzakhala zopweteka, zotupa zingaoneke. Koma kwa moyo siowopsa. Hematomas amasungunuka pakapita nthawi.
Timadzi timene timayendetsedwa mosiyanasiyana, mosakhazikika m'mitsempha komanso m'mitsempha. Kuwongolera kwapakati ndikofunikira kokha kwa odwala matenda ashuga ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochita zinthu zazifupi. Makina oyendetsedwera ndi omwe amakonda kwambiri. Kuchotsera pamasamba kumatha kusintha magwiridwe antchito. Ngati mulibe mafuta okwanira mthupi kapena m'miyendo, ndiye kuti jakisoniyo amatha kutumikiridwa intramuscularly, ndipo izi zimapangitsa kuti insulini isakwanitse. Hormoni imakhudzidwa mwachangu, chifukwa chake, zotsatira zake zimakhala zachangu. Kuphatikiza apo, jakisoni mu minofu ndimapweteka kwambiri kuposa pansi pa khungu. Ngati insulin imayendetsedwa kudzera mu intramuscularly, imalowa m'magazi mwachangu kwambiri, motero, kusintha kwa mankhwalawa kumasintha. Izi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti muchepetse hyperglycemia mwachangu.
Nthawi zina insulin imatha kutuluka kuchokera pamalowo. Chifukwa chake, Mlingo wa mahomoniwo sudzaponderezedwa, ndipo shuga amasungidwa pamlingo wokwera kwambiri ngakhale ndi mlingo wowerengeka wokwanira.
Kuphwanya chitetezo cha insulin makonzedwe kumabweretsa mapangidwe a lipodystrophy, kutupa, ndi kuphulika. Njira yoyendetsera odwala matenda ashuga imaphunzitsidwa ali kuchipatala, pamene muyezo wa mahomoni ndi ndandanda ya kayendetsedwe kake akatsimikizika.
Malo oyika insulin amayenera kusinthidwa nthawi iliyonse, kugwiritsa ntchito mpaka pazigawo zonse zomwe zingatheke. Ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito pamimba yonse, kusintha mikono ndi miyendo. Chifukwa chake khungu limakhala ndi nthawi yochira ndipo lipodystrophy sichimawoneka. Mtunda pakati pa ma punctures atsopano suyenera kukhala ochepera 3 sentimita.
Masamba a jakisoni amasintha momwe amagwirira ntchito chifukwa chotentha kapena kutikita minofu, nthawi ya jekeseni isanayambe kapena itatha kapena pambuyo poti muchita zolimbitsa thupi. Ngati mahomoni amayikidwa m'mimba, ndiye kuti zochita zake zimawonjezeka ngati mutayamba kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi atolankhani.
Matenda a ma virus, njira zotupa, caries zimayambitsa kulumpha m'magazi a magazi, motero insulin ingafunike. Matenda opatsirana omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga amatha kuchepetsa kukhudzidwa kwa minyewa kupita ku insulin, motero mahomoni anu sangakhale okwanira ndipo muyenera kuyiyika kuchokera kunja. Kuti mupewe mavuto amenewa, ndikofunikira kudziwa bwino njira ya insulin yopanda ululu. Potere, munthu akhoza kuthandizira panthawi yovuta.

Malo oyambira

Kusankhidwa kwapangidwe ka insulin ndi chinthu chofunikira, chifukwa malo osiyanasiyana a thupi amakhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mayamwidwe, imakulitsa kapena kuchepetsa nthawi yake yogwira ntchito. Pali madera ena ambiri komwe ndibwino kubaya insulin: matako, pamimba, mkono, mwendo, phewa. Hormone yoyendetsedwa m'malo osiyanasiyana amachita mosiyanasiyana, kotero munthu wodwala matenda ashuga ayenera kudziwa zovuta za komwe kubaya insulin.

1) Khoma lam'mimba lakunja.

Malo oyenera kwambiri a insulin Horm imayambitsidwa kukhoma kwamkati mwa mimba imatengedwa mwachangu ndipo imatenga nthawi yayitali kwambiri. Malinga ndi odwala matenda ashuga, malowa ndiwosavuta kwambiri kuyambira pakuwonetsedwa ndi insulin, chifukwa manja onse awiri amakhala opanda ufulu. Majekiseni amatha kupakidwa kukhoma lonse lakumimba, kupatula msuzi ndi 2-3 cm mozungulira.

Madokotala amathandizanso njira iyi yoperekera insulin, yomwe nthawi zambiri imakhala yopanga nthawi yayitali komanso isanachitike, chifukwa imatha kuyamwa komanso kudya bwino. Kuphatikiza apo, lipodystrophy yocheperako imapangidwa m'mimba, yomwe imayimitsa mayamwidwe ambiri ndi zochita za mahomoni.

2) Kutsogolo kwa dzanja.

Komanso ndi amodzi mwa madera odziwika bwino chifukwa cha insulin. Zochita za mahomoni zimayamba msanga, koma nthawi yomweyo mayamwidwe amachitika ndi 80%. Dongosolo ili limagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino ngati lakonzekera kupita kumasewera mtsogolomo kuti musapangitse hypoglycemia.

3) Malo a matako.

Ntchito jakisoni wa insulin yowonjezera. Kubzala sikumaperekedwa koyipa, koma kumachitika pang'onopang'ono. Kwenikweni, dawuniyi imagwiritsidwa ntchito pakubaya mankhwala kwa ana aang'ono kapena chikhululukiro chikachitika - ndiye kuti muyezo Mlingo wambiri womwe walembedwamo ndi waukulu.

4) Kutsogolo kwa miyendo.

Zingwe zomwe zimapezeka m'derali zimapatsa chidwi chamankhwala pang'onopang'ono. Ndi insulin yotalikilapo yokha yomwe imalowetsedwa kutsogolo kwa mwendo.

Malamulo a insulin

Kuti mupeze chithandizo choyenera, muyenera kudziwa momwe mungabayire insulin molondola:

Mankhwalawa ayenera kukhala otentha kwambiri, chifukwa mahomoni ozizira amatha kulowa pang'onopang'ono.
Sambani manja ndi sopo musanalowe. Khungu lomwe lili pamalo opaka jekeseni liyenera kukhala loyera. Ndikofunika osamwa mowa kuti ayeretse, popeza imayaka khungu.
Chipewa chimachotsedwa mu syringe, chidindo cha mphira chimabowoleka mkatikati mwa insulin, ndipo ndizofunikira zochepa kuti insulini ivute.
Chotsani syringe kuchokera pambale. Ngati pali thovu lakuthwa mlengalenga, dinani syringe ndi chala chanu kuti ma bubu akwere, ndiye akanikizire piston kuti mumasule mpweya.
Mukamagwiritsa ntchito cholembera, ndikofunikira kuchotsa kapu kuchokera pamenepo, kuyika singano, sonkhanitsani magawo awiri a insulini ndikusindikiza koyamba. Izi ndizofunikira kuti muwone ngati singano ikugwira ntchito. Ngati mahomoni akatuluka kudzera mu singano, mutha kupitiliza ndi jakisoni.
Ndikofunikira kuti mudzaze syringe ndi mankhwala mulingo woyenera. Ndi dzanja limodzi, chala chanu chala ndi chala chachikulu, muyenera kusinjiza khungu, ndikugwira mafuta osunthira m'malo osankhidwa ndi jakisoni, ndikuyika singano pakona madigiri 45 kuzungulira khola. Simufunikanso kufinya khola kwambiri kuti musasiye mabala. Ngati singano idayikidwira m'matako, ndiye kuti mafutawo safunikira kusonkhanitsidwa, popeza pali mafuta okwanira.
Pang'onopang'ono kuwerengera mpaka 10 ndikutulutsira singano. Insulin sayenera kutuluka kuchokera pamalowo. Pambuyo pake, mutha kumasula ma crease. Kusisita kapena kupukuta khungu jakisoni silofunikira.
Ngati pakufunika kuperekera mitundu iwiri ya insulin panthawi imodzi, ndiye kuti mlingo wa mahomoni ofupikirawo umayamba kutumizidwa, kenako kubayidwa jakisoni wowonjezera.
Mukamagwiritsa ntchito Lantus, iyenera kuperekedwa kokha ndi syringe yoyera. Kupanda kutero, ngati mtundu wina wa mahomoni ulowa mu Lantus, itha kutaya gawo la zomwe zimachitika ndikupangitsa zotsatira zosayembekezereka.
Ngati mukuyenera kuti mulowetse insulin yayitali, ndiye kuti iyenera kugwedezeka kuti zomwe zili mkati zimasakanikirana mpaka osalala. Ngati insulini yochepa kwambiri kapena yaifupi yovundikiridwa, muyenera kukoka pa syringe kapena cholembera kuti ma thovu am'mwamba akwere. Kuchita chindapusa cha insulini yocheperako sikofunikira, chifukwa izi zimapangitsa kuti ziwomboke chifukwa motero sizingatheke kusonkhanitsa mahomoni olondola.
Mankhwala amatenga zochepa kuposa momwe mukufunira. Izi ndizofunikira kuchotsa mpweya wambiri.

Momwe mungapangire mankhwalawo?

Pakadali pano, timadzi timeneti timayendetsedwa pogwiritsa ntchito zolembera kapena ma syringe otaya. Ma syringe amasankhidwa ndi anthu achikulire, kwa achinyamata cholembera-syringe imawoneka yokongola kwambiri, yomwe ndi yosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito - ndizosavuta kunyamula, ndikosavuta kuyimba kuchuluka komwe kukufunika. Koma zolembera za syringe ndizokwera mtengo kwambiri poyerekeza ndi ma syringe otayika, omwe angagulidwe ku pharmacy pamtengo wotsika mtengo.

Pamaso pa jekeseni, cholembera cha syringe chizifufuzidwa kuti chitha kugwira ntchito. Zitha kuthyoka, ndikuthekanso kuti mankhwalawo adzaponyedwa molakwika kapena singano ikhale yolakwika. Simungathe kuyika singano kwathunthu ndi insulin kuti singadutse kudzera mu singano. Pakati pa ma syringe apulasitiki, muyenera kusankha omwe ali ndi singano yopangidwa. Mwa iwo, monga lamulo, insulini sikhala pambuyo pa makonzedwe, ndiye kuti, kuchuluka kwa mahomoni kumayendetsedwa bwino. Mu syringe ndi singano zochotseka, mankhwala ena amakhalanso ndi jakisoni.

Muyenera kuyang'anira kuchuluka kwa ma insulin omwe amayimira gawo limodzi la muyeso. Ma insulini a insulin amatha kutulutsa. Kwenikweni, voliyumu yawo ndi 1 ml, yomwe imagwirizana ndi magulu azachipatala 100 (IU). Syringeyi ili ndi magawo 20, iliyonse yomwe ikufanana ndi zigawo ziwiri za insulin. M'mapensulo, gawo limodzi la masikelo limafanana ndi 1 IU.

Poyamba, anthu amawopa kudzipangira, makamaka m'mimba, chifukwa zimapweteka. Koma ngati mutha kudziwa bwino njirayi ndikuchita zonse moyenera, ndiye kuti jakisoni sangayambitse mantha kapena kusasangalala. Anthu odwala matenda ashuga omwe ali ndi mtundu wachiwiri amawopa kusinthana ndi insulin makamaka chifukwa choopa kubaya insulin tsiku lililonse. Koma ngakhale munthu atakhala ndi matenda ashuga amtundu wa 2, ndiye kuti ayenera kuphunzira njira zoperekera mahomoni, chifukwa pambuyo pake izi zitha kukhala zothandiza.

Kukhazikika kwa insulin kumapangitsa kuti magazi azikhala ndi shuga. Izi zimathandizira kupewa zovuta za matenda ashuga.

Ma zone a insulin

Insulin ya anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga amalembedwa kuti azikhala ndi shuga m'thupi nthawi zonse pamene zikondazo zimasiya kutulutsa timadzi tambiri.

Chithandizo chikuchitika kuti matenda metabolic njira, kuteteza hyperglycemia ndi zotheka zovuta. Popereka mankhwala a insulin, odwala matenda a shuga ayenera kuphunzira momwe angabayire bwino.

Choyamba, muyenera kudziwa kuchokera kwa wothandizira zaumoyo momwe insulin imalowetsedwera, momwe mungaperekere jakisoni moyenera, ndi mfundo ziti zomwe zimaganiziridwa pakubera, zomwe thupi limayenera kuchita pakubaya.

Malo ofunikira oyambira a insulin pansi pa khungu:

m'mimba dera - gawo lakutsogolo la lamba ndi kusintha kwa mbali,
gawo lamanja - mbali yakunja ya mkono kuchokera m'chiwuno mpaka kumapeto,
dera lamiyendo - ntchafu kuyambira bondo kupita kumalo opangira mafuta,
dera la scapula - jakisoni wa insulin amachitika pansi pa scapula.

Mukamasankha dera, malo omwe amalola kuti jakisoni wa mankhwala okhala ndi insulin, kuchuluka kwa mayamwidwe, kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, komanso kuwawa kwa jakisoni kumaganiziridwa.

Malo abwino kwambiri oyendetsera subcutaneous ndi m'mimba, mahomoni m'malo ano amalowetsedwa ndi 90%. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kupanga jakisoni kuchokera ku navel mbali yakumanja ndi kumanzere, mphamvu ya mankhwalawa imayamba pambuyo pa mphindi 15 ndikufika pachimake ola limodzi pambuyo pa dongosolo. M'mimba kuchita jakisoni wa insulin yofulumira - mankhwala omwe amayamba kugwira ntchito mwachangu.
Zoyambitsidwa mu ntchafu ndi manja, timadzi timadzi timatulutsa 75%, timakhudza thupi pambuyo pa ola ndi theka. Malo awa amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati insulin yokhala ndi nthawi yayitali.
Dera lowongolera limatenga mah% 30 okha, silogwiritsidwa ntchito jakisoni.

Jekeseni amafunika kukhala m'malo osiyanasiyana a thupi, izi zimachepetsa chiopsezo chokhala ndi mavuto osafunikira. Pomwe ndibwino kuperekera insulin zimatanthauzanso amene akuchita njirayi. Ndizosavuta kuyidulira palokha pamimba ndi ntchafu, madera amtunduwu amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi odwala pobweretsa mankhwala.

Njira yodalitsira

Algorithm ya insulin management amafotokozeredwa ndi dokotala atapereka mankhwala. Kupusitsa ndikosavuta, ndikosavuta kuphunzira. Lamulo lalikulu ndikuti timadzi timadzi timangotumizidwa pakhungu lokhala ndi mafuta ochepa okha. Ngati mankhwalawa alowa m'matumbo a minofu, momwe amagwirira ntchito adzaphwanyidwa ndipo zovuta zosafunikira zidzabuka.

Kuti mulowe mosavuta pamafuta osunthika, ma insulin omwe ali ndi singano yayifupi amasankhidwa - kuchokera 4 mpaka 8 mm kutalika.

Tipi yoyipa ya adipose imapangidwa, yayifupi kwambiri singano yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito iyenera kukhala. Izi zimalepheretsa gawo la insulini kuti isalowe mumisempha.

Subcutaneous jakisoni algorithm:

Sambani ndikusamba manja ndi antiseptic.
Konzani tsamba lanu. Khungu liyenera kukhala loyera, lizichitira jekeseni musanalowe ndi ma antiseptics omwe alibe mowa.
Syringe imayikidwa perpendicular kwa thupi. Ngati mafuta osanjidwa ndi osafunikira, ndiye kuti khola la khungu limapangidwa ndikuthamanga pafupifupi 1 cm.
Singano imakankhidwa ndi kuyenda mwachangu, kowongoka.
Ngati insulini ikayambitsidwa mkhola, ndiye kuti mankhwalawo amalowetsedwa m'munsi mwake, syringe imayikidwa pakona pa madigiri a 45. Ngati jakisoni wachita kumtunda kwa mankhwalawo, ndiye kuti syringe imawongoka.
Pambuyo pakuyambitsa singano, pang'onopang'ono komanso mwamphamvu sinthani pistoni, ndikudziwerengera mpaka 10.
Pambuyo jakisoni, singano ichotsedwa, tsamba la jekeseni liyenera kukanikizidwa ndi swab kwa masekondi 3-5.

Mowa sugwiritsidwa ntchito pofuna kuchiza khungu lisanalowetse insulin, chifukwa limalepheretsa kuyamwa kwa mahomoni.

Momwe mungapereke jakisoni popanda kupweteka

Mankhwala a insulin samangoperekedwa kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga 1. Homoni imaperekedwanso gawo lachiwiri la shuga, makamaka panthawi yomwe maselo a pancreatic beta amafa mothandizidwa ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.

Chifukwa chake, theoretically, odwala omwe ali ndi mtundu uliwonse wamatenda a matenda ayenera kukonzekera jakisoni wa insulin. Ambiri aiwo amachedwetsa kusinthika kwa mankhwala a insulin chifukwa cha mantha a banal. Koma potipangitsa kukhazikitsa zosafunikira komanso zovuta kukonza zovuta.

Jakisoni wa insulin sangakhale wopweteka mukaphunzirira bwino. Palibe zomveka zosasangalatsa panthawi ya njirayi, ngati singano idayikiridwa ngati kuponyera dansi mukamasewera, muyenera kulowa malo oyenera thupi ndi kusuntha kowongoka komanso kolondola.

Kudziwa jakisoni wosapweteka kwambiri ndikosavuta. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kumayeseza kugwiritsa ntchito syringe popanda singano kapena ndi chipewa. Algorithm ya zochita:

Syringe pafupi ndi singano imakutidwa ndi zala zitatu.
Mtunda kuchokera pamalo opakidwa jekeseni padzanja ndi 8-10 cm.Izi ndizokwanira kufalitsa.
Kukankha kumachitika pogwiritsa ntchito minofu ya mkono ndi dzanja.
Kuyendetsa uku kumachitika mwachangu.

Ngati palibe choletsa pafupi ndi thupi, ndiye kuti singanoyo imalowa mosavuta ndipo jakisoniyo satha kuwoneka. Pambuyo poyambitsa, muyenera kufinya yankho pang'onopang'ono ndikulimbira pa piston. Singano imachotsedwa pambuyo masekondi 5-7.

Zowawa pamakonzedwe zimawoneka ngati mumagwiritsa ntchito singano imodzi. Popita nthawi, imakhala yosalala, ndikupangitsa kuti ikhale yovuta kubaya khungu. Zofunikira, ma syringes otayika otayika ayenera kusinthidwa pambuyo pobayira iliyonse.

Cholembera cha syringe ndi chida chothandiza kuperekera mahomoni, koma singano zomwe zimagwiritsidwanso ntchito zimatayidwa ndikatha kunyengerera.

Mutha kuzindikira kutulutsa insulin kuchokera kumalo opumirako ndi mawonekedwe a fungo la phenol, amafanana ndi fungo la gouache. Jekeseni wachiwiri siwofunikira, chifukwa kuchuluka kwa mankhwala omwe adatsitsa kuchuluka sikungatheke kukhazikitsa, ndipo kuyambitsidwa kwa mlingo wokulirapo kudzatsogolera ku hypoglycemia.

Endocrinologists amalangiza kuti apirire ndi hyperglycemia osakhalitsa, ndipo jekeseni wotsatira, musanayang'anire shuga, potengera izi, sinthani kuchuluka kwa mankhwalawo.

Kuti muchepetse kutayikira kwa mankhwalawa, musachotse syringe mukangolowa jakisoni. Imachepetsa chiopsezo cha kutayikira ndi kuyambitsa singano pakona thupi kufikira madigiri 45-60.
Komwe kubaya insulin yoyenera kutengera mtundu wake. Mankhwala okhala ndi njira yokhazikika (yayitali) imayilowetsa m'chiuno ndi pamwamba pa matako. Ma insulin afupiafupi ndi mankhwala osakanikirana amalowetsa m'mimba. Kutsatira lamuloli kumathandizira kuti mulingo wa mahomoni m'thupi ukhale wofanana tsiku lonse.
Mankhwala asanakonzedwe amachotsedwa mufiriji, amabweretsedwa firiji. Ngati yankho lake lili ndi mitambo, ndiye kuti vutoli imakutembenukira m'manja mpaka madzi atakhala oyera.
Osagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala omwe atha ntchito. Sungani mankhwalawo pokhapokha malo omwe akuwonetsedwa mu malangizo.
Pambuyo jakisoni wokonzekera mwachidule, muyenera kukumbukira kuti muyenera kudya pakatha mphindi 20-30. Ngati izi sizichitidwa, ndiye kuti shuga yatsika kwambiri.

Poyamba, mutha kuphunzira njira ya jakisoni kuchipinda chamankhwala. Anamwino odziwa bwino amadziwa zovuta zomwe zimapangitsa kuti azisinthasintha ndikulongosola mwatsatanetsatane kayendetsedwe kazomwe timayendetsa, amakudziwitsani momwe mungapewere zovuta zosafunikira.

Kuti muwerenge molondola kuchuluka kwa insulini yomwe imayendetsedwa, kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamagulu omwe amawerengedwa masana amawerengedwa. Ndi matenda a 2 a shuga ndi 1, muyenera kuphunzira momwe mungapangire menyu pasadakhale - izi zikuthandizani kuwerengera kuchuluka kwa mahomoni.

Malamulo a Ndondomeko

Anthu odwala matenda ashuga ayenera kukumbukira lamulo lalikulu la insulin - jakisoni masana amachitika m'malo osiyanasiyana:

Dongosolo la jakisoni limagawidwa m'malingaliro anayi kapena ma halali awiri (m'chiuno ndi matako).
Padzakhala magawo anayi pamimba - pamwamba pa navel kumanja ndi kumanzere, pansi pa navel kumanja ndi kumanzere.

Sabata iliyonse, jekeseni imodzi imagwiritsidwa ntchito jekeseni, koma jakisoni aliyense amachitidwa motalikirana ndi 2,5 cm kapena kupitilira kuchokera pambuyomu. Kugwirizana ndi chiwembuchi kumakupatsani mwayi wodziwa komwe mahomoni angagwiritsidwe ntchito, zomwe zimathandiza kuti pakhale zovuta.

Malo omwe jakisoni wothandizidwa ndi mankhwala amakhala osasintha. Ngati yankho la jekeseni itayilowetsa ntchafu, ndiye kuti mahomoni akaphatikizidwa mapewa, kuchuluka kwa momwe amalowera m'magazi kumatsika, zomwe zimayambitsa kusinthasintha kwa shuga mthupi.

Osagwiritsa ntchito ma insulin omwe ali ndi singano yotalika kwambiri.

Kutalika konsekonse (koyenera odwala achikulire, koma kwa ana ndi kotheka) - 5-6 mm.
Ndi thupi labwinobwino, akuluakulu amafunika masingano aitali a 5-8 mm.
Mukunenepa kwambiri, ma syringe omwe ali ndi singano ya 8-12 mm amapezeka.

Khola lopakidwa jakisoni silitha kutulutsidwa mpaka singano itachotsedwa pakhungu. Kuti mankhwalawa agawidwe molondola, simuyenera kufinya khola kwambiri.

Kuchepetsa jakisoni kumathandizira kuti mayamwidwe a insulin ndi 30%. Kugwedeza mopepuka kuyenera kuchitika mosalekeza kapena ayi.

Simungathe kusakaniza mitundu ingapo ya mankhwala a insulini omwewo mu syringe yomweyo, izi zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kusankha mlingo weniweni.

Syringes yolowetsa

Pobweretsa insulin kunyumba, syringe pulasitiki ya insulin imagwiritsidwa ntchito, njira ina ndi cholembera. Ma Endocrinologists amalangidza kugula ma syringe ndi singano yokhazikika, alibe "malo okufa" - malo omwe mankhwalawo atatsalira pambuyo pa jekeseni. Amakulolani kuti mulowetse kuchuluka kwake kwa mahomoni.

Mtengo wogawika kwa odwala wamkulu uyenera kukhala gawo limodzi, kwa ana ndibwino kusankha syringes yamagawo 0,5.

Cholembera chimbudzi ndi chimodzi mwa zida zosavuta kwambiri zoperekera mankhwala omwe amayendetsa shuga. Mankhwalawa amadzazidwa pasadakhale, amagawidwa ndikuyamba kuwerengera ndikuthanso. Maluso akugwiritsa ntchito chogwiririra:

Muziganiza insulin musanayende, chifukwa chake, syringe imapindika m'manja mwanu kapena mkono umatsitsidwa kuchokera kutalika kwa mapewa nthawi 5-6.
Chongani patency ya singano - yotsani magawo 1-2 a mankhwala kupita mlengalenga.
Khazikitsani mlingo woyenera mwa kutembenuza gawo loyambira lomwe lili pansi pa chipangizocho.
Chitani zachiwonetsero chimodzimodzi ndi njira yogwiritsira ntchito insulin.

Ambiri samasamala kufunika kochotsa singano pambuyo pobayira jakisoni aliyense, molakwika amakhulupirira kuti kutaya kwawo, malinga ndi momwe achipatala alili, kumangotchulidwa ndi chiwopsezo cha matenda.

Inde, kugwiritsa ntchito singano mobwereza-bwereza kwa munthu m'modzi sikutanthauza kuti tizilomboto titayikidwa m'magulu enanso. Koma kufunikira m'malo mwa singano kumazikidwa pazilingaliro zina:

Ma singano okwinya ndi kupindika kwapadera, pambuyo pa jakisoni woyamba, amakhala wosalimba ndikuchita ngati mbedza. Potsatira, khungu limavulazidwa - kupweteka kwamphamvu kumakulirakulira ndikuyenera kuchita kuti pakhale zovuta.
Kugwiritsa ntchito mobwerezabwereza kumapangitsa kuti khungu lizikhala ndi insulin, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kupereka mankhwalawo.
Mpweya umadutsa pakati pa singano yomwe sinatenge kuchokera ku cholembera mu botolo la mankhwala, izi zimapangitsa kuti insulin ipite patsogolo pang'onopang'ono, yomwe imasintha mlingo wa mahomoni.

Kuphatikiza pa syringes ya jakisoni wa insulin, odwala ena amagwiritsa ntchito insulin pump. Chipangizocho chili ndi chosungira chokhala ndi mankhwala, cholowezera, pampu (yokhala ndi kukumbukira, gawo la batri).

Kupereka kwa insulin kudzera pampu kumapitilira kapena kumachitika pang'onopang'ono. Dokotala amakhazikitsa chipangizocho, poganizira zomwe zimawonetsa shuga ndi zomwe zimapangidwa pakudya.

Zovuta zotheka

Mankhwala a insulin nthawi zambiri amakumana ndi zovuta zosakhudzidwa komanso kusintha kwachiwiri kwa matenda. Nthawi yomweyo jekeseni, thupi lawo siligwirizana komanso kukula kwa lipodystrophy ndikotheka.

Thupi lawo siligwirizana amagawidwa kukhala:

Pafupi. Kuwonetsedwa ndi redness la jekeseni la mankhwalawa, kutupira, kuphatikizika, kuyabwa kwa khungu.
Zambiri Thupi lawo siligwirizana limafotokozedwa kufooka, zotupa pakhungu ndi kutupa, kutupa.

Ngati matendawo apezeka ndi insulin, mankhwalawo amaloŵedwa m'malo ngati pakufunika kutero, adokotala amamuikira antihistamines.

Lipodystrophy ndikuphwanya kuvunda kapena kupangika kwa minofu ya adipose pamalo opangira jakisoni. Imagawikidwira mu atrophic (wosanjikiza subcutaneous kutha, indentations kukhalabe m'malo mwake) ndi hypertrophic (subcutaneous mafuta amawonjezera kukula).

Nthawi zambiri, mtundu wa lipodystrophy womwe umapangika nthawi zambiri umayamba, zomwe pambuyo pake zimatsogolera pakuwonekera kwa gawo la subcutaneous.

Zomwe zimayambitsa lipodystrophy monga zovuta za jakisoni wa mankhwala osokoneza bongo sizinakhazikitsidwe. Zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zizikhala zowopsa:

Zowawa zokhazikika pamiyeso ya syringe ya misempha yaying'ono yopuma.
Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osayera bwino.
Kukhazikitsidwa kwa mayankho ozizira.
Kulowa kwa mowa mu gawo lozungulira.

Lipodystrophy imayamba pambuyo pa zaka zambiri za insulin. Vutolo silikhala loopsa, koma limayambitsa kusakhazikika mtima ndipo limawononga mawonekedwe athupi.

Kuti muchepetse mwayi wa lipodystrophy, jakisoni yonse ya jekeseni iyenera kutsatiridwa, jekeseni yankho lokhazikika, osagwiritsa ntchito singano kawiri komanso malo ena obayira.

Mu matenda a shuga, kuphatikiza insulini ndikofunikira kuti matenda athetsedwe.

Odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga ayenera kukonzekera ma jakisoni omwe adzapange pamoyo wawo wonse. Chifukwa chake, kuti mupewe zovuta, kuvomera mokwanira chithandizo chamankhwala osakumana ndi zovuta komanso zowawa, muyenera kufunsa dokotala musanapange zamtundu uliwonse wa insulin.