Chifukwa chiyani mita ikuwonetsa zosiyana

Matenda a shuga ndi matenda omwe amafunika kuyang'aniridwa pafupipafupi.

Chifukwa chake, odwala ambiri amagwiritsa ntchito glucometer kuwunika shuga.

Njira imeneyi ndi yovomerezeka, chifukwa muyenera kuyeza glucose kangapo patsiku, ndipo zipatala sizingakupatseni kuyesedwa kotere. Komabe, pakapita nthawi, mita imayamba kuwonetsa mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana. Zomwe zimayambitsa zolakwika zamakina zimakambirana mwatsatanetsatane m'nkhaniyi.

Momwe mungadziwire kulondola kwa mita

Choyamba, ziyenera kudziwika kuti glucometer singagwiritsidwe ntchito pozindikira. Chida chonyamulirachi chimapangidwira miyezo ya shuga ya kunyumba. Ubwino ndikuti mutha kupeza umboni musanadye komanso mutatha kudya, m'mawa ndi madzulo.

Zolakwika za glucometer zamakampani osiyanasiyana ndizofanana - 20%. Malinga ndi ziwerengero, mu 95% yamilandu yolakwika imapitilira chizindikiro ichi. Komabe, sikulakwitsa kudalira kusiyana pakati pa zotsatira zoyesedwa pachipatala ndi zina zapakhomo - kuti musawululire zolondola za chipangizocho. Apa muyenera kudziwa lingaliro limodzi lofunikira: kusanthula kwa labotale pogwiritsa ntchito madzi a m'magazi (gawo lamadzi lomwe limatsalira pambuyo poti maselo a magazi), ndipo m'magazi athunthu zotsatira zake zimakhala zosiyanasiyana.

Chifukwa chake, kuti mumvetsetse ngati shuga ya magazi ikuwonetsa gluceter wanyumba molondola, cholakwacho chikuyenera kutanthauziridwa motere: +/- 20% ya zotsatira za labotale.

Ngati chiphaso ndi chitsimikizo cha chipangizocho chitha, mutha kudziwa kulondola kwa chipangizocho pogwiritsa ntchito "Control solution". Njirayi imapezeka pokhapokha pakumathandizira, chifukwa muyenera kulumikizana ndi wopanga.

Kuwulula ukwati ndikotheka ndi kugula. Pakati pa glucometer, Photometric ndi electro-mechanical ndizosiyanitsidwa. Mukamasankha chida, pemphani miyezo itatu. Ngati kusiyana pakati pawo kwadutsa 10% - ichi ndi chipangizo chosalakwika.

Malinga ndi ziwerengero, ma photometric ali ndi mitengo yapamwamba yokwana - pafupifupi 15%.

Momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito chipangizocho

Njira yoyezera shuga ndi glucometer siovuta - muyenera kungotsatira malangizo mosamala.

Kuphatikiza pa chipangizocho, muyenera kukonzekera mayeso (oyenera mtundu wake) ndi ma punctures otayika, otchedwa lancets.

Kuti mita igwire ntchito molondola kwanthawi yayitali, ndikofunikira kusunga malamulo angapo osungira:

• Osayandikira pakusintha kwa kutentha (pawindo pansi pa chitoliro).
• pewani kulumikizana ndi madzi,
• nthawi yopanga mayeso ndi miyezi itatu kuyambira pomwe amatsegula phukusi,
• zoyeserera zimakhudza kugwira ntchito kwa chipangizocho,

Kuti muyankhe molondola chifukwa chake mita ikuwonetsa zotsatira zosiyana, muyenera kuchotsa zolakwika chifukwa chosasamala pamayeso. Tsatirani malangizo pansipa:

1. Chala chisanagundidwe, muyenera kuyeretsa manja anu ndi mafuta odzola, dikirani kuyerekezera kwathunthu. Musakhulupilire kuti akupukuta pamutuwu pambuyo pake zotsatira zake zidzapotozedwa.
2. Manja ozizira amafunika kuti aziwotha.
3. Ikani gawo loyeserera mu mita mpaka litadina, liyenera kuyatsidwa.
4. Chotsatira, muyenera kuboola chala chanu: dontho loyamba la magazi siloyenera kuwunika, chifukwa chake muyenera kuponya dontho lotsatira pa Mzere (osamasefa). Sikoyenera kukakamiza malo a jakisoni - madzi ochulukirapo owonjezera amawonekera mwanjira yomwe imakhudza zotsatira.
5. Kenako muyenera kuchotsa mzere kuchokera ku chipangizocho, pomwe icho chimazimitsidwa.

Titha kunena kuti ngakhale mwana amatha kugwiritsa ntchito mita, ndikofunikira kuti abweretse "ku automatism". Ndikofunika kujambula zotsatira kuti muwone zonse za glycemia.

Zoyambitsa Zosiyanasiyana Zamashuga osiyanasiyana pa Zala Zosiyanasiyana

Limodzi mwa malamulo ogwiritsa ntchito metara likuti: ndizosathandiza kuyerekeza kuwerengera kwa zida zosiyanasiyana kuti muwone kulondola. Komabe, zitha kuchitika kuti poyesa magazi nthawi zonse kuchokera pachala cholozera, wodwalayo tsiku lina adzaganiza zotenga dontho la magazi kuchokera chala chaching'ono, "pakuyesa kuyesera." Ndipo zotsatira zake zimakhala zosiyanasiyana, ngakhale zingakhale zachilendo bwanji, chifukwa chake muyenera kudziwa zomwe zimapangitsa shuga osiyanasiyana pazala zosiyanasiyana.

Zotsatirazi zomwe zingayambitse kusiyanasiyana pakuwerengedwa kwa shuga zimatha kusiyanitsidwa:

• makulidwe a khungu la chala chilichonse ndiwosiyana, zomwe zimatsogolera pakuphatikiza kwamadzi amadzimadzi panthawi yopuma,
• ngati mphete yolemetsa ivala chala pachala, kutuluka kwa magazi kungasokonekere,
• katundu pazala ndizosiyana, zomwe zimasintha magwiridwe amtundu uliwonse.

Chifukwa chake, muyeso umachitidwa bwino ndi chala chimodzi, apo ayi zingakhale zovuta kutsatira chithunzi cha matenda athunthu.

Zomwe zimachitika zimasiyana pakadutsa mphindi imodzi kuyesa

Kuyeza shuga ndi glucometer ndi njira imodzi yopitilira muyeso yomwe imafunikira kulondola. Zizindikiro zimatha kusintha mwachangu kwambiri, anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga ali ndi chidwi ndi chifukwa chomwe mita ikuwonekera mosiyana mphindi. "Zoyipa" zoterezi zimachitika pofuna kudziwa kuti chipangizocho ndi cholondola, koma iyi sinjira yoyenera.

Mapeto ake amakhudzidwa ndi zinthu zambiri, zomwe zambiri zafotokozedwa pamwambapa. Ngati miyeso ikuchitika ndi kusiyana kwa mphindi zochepa pambuyo pa jakisoni wa insulin, ndiye kuti sizingathandize kuyembekezera zosintha: ziwoneka mphindi 10-15 atatha kulowa kwa mahomoni m'thupi. Sipadzakhalanso kusiyana kulikonse ngati mutadya chakudya kapena kumwa kapu yamadzi panthawi yopuma. Muyenera kudikirira mphindi zochepa.

Palibe cholakwika kutenga magazi kuchokera pachala chimodzi ndikusiyana kwa miniti imodzi: kutuluka kwa magazi ndi kuchuluka kwa madzi a cellellular zasintha, kotero ndizabwinobwino kuti glucometer amawonetsa zotsatira zosiyana.

Mamita akuwonetsa "e"

Ngati chipangizo choyeza chamtengo wagwiritsidwa ntchito, ndiye kuti nthawi zina mita imatha kuonetsa zilembo "e" ndi nambala pafupi naye. Chifukwa chake "anzeru" zida zimawonetsa cholakwika chomwe sichimalola miyeso. Ndikofunika kudziwa manambala ndi kuwonongeka kwawo.

Vuto la E-1 likuwoneka ngati vutoli likugwirizana ndi mzere woyesa: molakwika kapena molakwika, lidagwiritsidwa ntchito kale. Mutha kutha kuthetsa izi motere: onetsetsani kuti mivi ndi chizindikiro cha lalanje zili pamwamba, mutatha kugunda kumveka kumveka.

Ngati mita idawonetsa E-2, ndiye kuti muyenera kuyang'anira chidwi ndi cholembera: sizikugwirizana ndi gawo loyesa. Ingoikani ndi imodzi yomwe inali phukusi ndi mikwingwirima.

Zolakwika E-3 zimaphatikizidwanso ndi mbale yodula: yosakhazikika molondola, zambiri sizowerengedwa. Muyenera kuyesanso kuyikanso. Ngati sizikuyenda bwino, mbale yazodulira ndi zingwe zoyeserera zimakhala zosayenera kuyesedwa.

Ngati mukufunika kuthana ndi code ya E-4, ndiye kuti zenera loyezera lidakhala lakuda: ingotsitsani. Komanso, chifukwa chake chikhoza kukhala kuphwanya kukhazikitsa kwa mzere - njirayo ndi yosakanikirana.

E-5 imagwira ngati chiwonetsero cha cholakwika cham'mbuyomu, koma pali zina zowonjezera: ngati kudziwunikira nokha kukuchitika molunjika kwawodzuwa, muyenera kupeza malo okhala ndi kuyatsa kwapakati.

E-6 imatanthawuza kuti phula la code lidachotsedwa pamayeza. Muyenera kuchita njira yoyamba.

Khodi yolakwika E-7 ikuwonetsa vuto ndi Mzere: mwina magazi amatuluka msanga, kapena anali kugundika. Zingakhalebe momwe zimakhalira magwero amagetsi amagetsi.

Ngati pulezidenti wa codeyo adachotsedwa pamayeso, mita imawonetsedwa E-8 pawonetsero. Muyenera kuyambiranso njirayi.

E-9, komanso yachisanu ndi chiwiri, imalumikizidwa ndi zolakwika pogwira ntchito ndi Mzere - ndikwabwino kutenga watsopano.

Kuwongolera kwa Gauge

Kuti mufananitse mayeso a glucometer ndi labotale, ndikofunikira kuti kuwerengeka kwa mayeso onse awiri kumagwirizana. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kuchita masamu osavuta ndi zotsatira.

Ngati mita ndi yoyipa ndi magazi athunthu, ndipo muyenera kuyifanizira ndi plasma calibration, ndiye kuti yotsirizayo iyenera kugawidwa ndi 1.12. Kenako yerekezerani chidziwitso, ngati kusiyana kuli kochepera 20%, muyesowo ndi wolondola. Ngati vutoli ndi losiyana, muyenera kuchulukitsa ndi 1.12, motsatana. Choyimira chake sichimasinthika.

Ntchito yolondola ndi mita imafunikira zochitikira ndi ma pedantry ena, kuti kuchuluka kwa zolakwika kumachepetsedwa mpaka zero. Kulondola kwa chipangizochi kumatengera zinthu zambiri, choncho muyenera kudziwa njira zosiyanasiyana zodziwira zolakwika zomwe zaperekedwa munkhaniyi.

Wodwala ndi dotolo pang'ono

Malinga ndi chikalata chovomerezeka "Ma Algorithms a chithandizo chapadera cha odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a Russian Federation", kudziyang'anira pawekha ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri la chithandizo, chosafunikira kuposa kudya koyenera, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, hypoglycemic ndi insulin. Wodwala yemwe waphunzitsidwa ku Sukulu ya Matenda a shuga amamuwona ngati wothandizirana kwathunthu pantchito yowunika momwe matendawo alili, ngati dokotala.

Kuti muthane ndi kuchuluka kwa shuga, odwala matenda ashuga ayenera kukhala ndi mita yodalirika ya glucose kunyumba, ndipo, ngati zingatheke, ziwiri pazifukwa zotetezeka.

Magazi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti adziwe glycemia

Mutha kudziwa shuga wanu wamagazi ndi venous (kuchokera ku Vienna, monga dzinalo limatchulira) ndi capillary (kuchokera ku ziwiya zala kapena mbali zina za thupi) magazi.

Kuphatikiza apo, ngakhale atakhala kuti mpanda, kusanthula kumachitika mwina magazi athunthu (ndi zida zake zonse), kapena m'magazi amwazi (gawo lamadzimadzi magazi omwe ali ndi mchere, mchere, glucose, mapuloteni, koma osakhala ndi leukocytes, maselo ofiira amwazi ndi mapulateleti).

Kodi pali kusiyana kotani?

Magazi magazi imatuluka mu minofu yake, motero, kuchuluka kwa shuga mkati mwake kumakhala kotsika: Kunena molondola, gawo lina la glucose limatsalira mu minofu ndi ziwalo zomwe adazisiya. A magazi a capillary ndi ofanana ndi ma arterial, omwe amangopita kumankhwala ndi ziwalo ndipo amakhala ndi mpweya wokwanira ndi michere, motero mumakhalanso shuga wambiri.

Samalani

Malinga ndi WHO, chaka chilichonse padziko lapansi anthu 2 miliyoni amafa chifukwa cha matenda ashuga komanso zovuta zake. Pokhapokha pakhale thandizo loyenerera la thupi, matenda ashuga amabweretsa mavuto osiyanasiyana, pang'onopang'ono kuwononga thupi la munthu.

Mavuto ambiri omwe amakonda ndi awa: matenda ashuga a m'mimba, nephropathy, retinopathy, zilonda zam'mimba, hypoglycemia, ketoacidosis. Matenda a shuga amathanso kuyambitsa kukula kwa zotupa za khansa. Pafupifupi nthawi zonse, wodwala matenda ashuga amwalira, akulimbana ndi matenda opweteka, kapena amasintha kukhala munthu weniweni wolumala.

Kodi anthu odwala matenda ashuga amatani? Endocrinological Research Center ya Russian Academy of Medical Sayansi yakwanitsa kupanga mankhwala omwe amachiritsiratu matenda ashuga.

Dongosolo la Federal "Mtundu Wathanzi" likuchitika, mkati mwanjira yomwe mankhwalawa amaperekedwa kwa aliyense wokhala ku Russian Federation ndi CIS ZAULERE . Kuti mumve zambiri, onani tsamba lovomerezeka la MINZDRAVA.

Momwe ma glucose mita amawerengedwa

Ambiri mwa mayeso amakono a glucose amakono ogwiritsira ntchito nyumba amatha kudziwa kuchuluka kwa shuga ndi magazi a capillary, komabe, mitundu ina imapangidwa kuti ikhale ndi magazi onse a capillary, ndi ena - a capillary plasma. Chifukwa chake, pogula glucometer, choyamba, onani mtundu wa kafukufuku womwe chida chanu chimachita.

Owerenga athu amalemba

Ndili ndi zaka 47, ndinapezeka kuti ndili ndi matenda ashuga a 2. M'masabata angapo ndinapeza pafupifupi 15 kg. Kutopa nthawi zonse, kugona, kumva kufooka, kuwona kunayamba kukhala pansi. Nditakwanitsa zaka 66, ndinali ndikumenya insulin yanga, zonse zinali zoipa kwambiri.

Matendawa adapitilirabe, kukomoka kwakanthawi kunayamba, ambulansi imandibwezera kuchokera kudziko lina. Nthawi zonse ndimaganiza kuti nthawi ino ikhala yomaliza.

Chilichonse chinasintha mwana wanga wamkazi atandilola kuti ndiwerenge nkhani imodzi pa intaneti. Simungayerekeze m'mene ndimamuyamikirira. Nkhaniyi inandithandiza kuthana ndi matenda ashuga, omwe amati ndi osachiritsika. Zaka 2 zapitazi ndidayamba kusuntha zowonjezereka, nthawi yamasika ndi chilimwe ndimapita kumayiko tsiku lililonse, ndikumalima tomato ndikugulitsa pamsika. Azakhali anga amadabwa ndimomwe ndimapangira chilichonse, komwe ndimapeza mphamvu zambiri, sakhulupirira kuti ndili ndi zaka 66.

Ndani akufuna kukhala ndi moyo wautali, wamphamvu komanso kuiwalako za matenda oyipawa kwamuyaya, tengani mphindi 5 ndikuwerenga nkhaniyi.

Chida chanu chimawerengera magazi athunthu ndikuwonetsa 6.25 mmol / L

Mtengo wa plasma udzakhala motere: 6.25 x 1.12 = 7 mmol / l

Zolakwika zovomerezeka pakugwiritsa ntchito mita

Malinga ndi GOST ISO yomwe ilipo, zolakwika zotsatirazi ndizololedwa pakugwirira ntchito kwa nyumba zamagazi glucose:

• ± 20% yazotsatira zazikulu kuposa 4.2 mmol / L
• ± 0,83 mmol / L pazotsatira zosaposa 4.2 mmol / L.

Ndizodziwika kuti kupatuka uku sikugwira ntchito yake moyenera pakuwongolera matenda ndipo sikutanthauza kuti wodwala azikhala wathanzi.

Nkhani za owerenga athu

Matenda a shuga kunyumba. Patha mwezi kuchokera pamene ndayiwala za kudumphira shuga komanso kumwa insulin. O, momwe ine ndimavutikira, kukomoka kosalekeza, kuyimba mwadzidzidzi. Ndi kangati komwe ndidayendera ma endocrinologists, koma ndi chinthu chimodzi chokha chomwe chimanenedwa pamenepo - "Tengani insulin." Ndipo tsopano masabata 5 apita, popeza kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi ndikwabwinobwino, osati jakisoni imodzi ya insulini ndipo chifukwa chonse cha nkhaniyi. Aliyense amene ali ndi matenda ashuga ayenera kuwerenga!

Tikukhulupiliranso kuti kusintha kwa zinthu, osati kuchuluka kwake, ndikofunikira kwambiri pakuwunika shuga m'magazi a wodwala, pokhapokha ngati ndizofunika kwambiri. Ngati wodwala ali ndi shuga kapena yotsika kwambiri, amafunika kufunsa thandizo kuchokera kwa madotolo omwe ali ndi zida zolondola zasayansi.

Kodi ndingapeze kuti magazi a capillary

Ma glucometer ena amakulolani kuti mutenge magazi kuchokera zala zanu zokha, pomwe akatswiri amalimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito zala zam'maso, chifukwa pali ma capillaries ena ambiri pamenepo. Zipangizo zina zimakhala ndi zipewa zapadera za AST zotenga magazi kuchokera kwina.

Chonde dziwani kuti ngakhale zitsanzo zomwe zimatengedwa kuchokera kumagawo osiyanasiyana nthawi imodzi zimakhala zosiyana pang'ono chifukwa cha kusiyana kwa kuchuluka kwa magazi ndi kugaya kwa shuga. Pafupi kwambiri ndi zisonyezo za magazi omwe amatengedwa kuchokera ku zala, zomwe zimawoneka ngati zofunikira, ndi zitsanzo zomwe zimapezeka m'manja ndi m'manja. Muthanso kugwiritsa ntchito mawonekedwe a kumbuyo, mkono, phewa, ng'ombe.

Zomwe kuwerenga kwa glucometer kumasiyana

Ngakhale kuwerenga kwa mitundu yofananira ya ma glucometer a omwewo amapanga mwina akhoza kusiyana mkati mwolakwika, zomwe tafotokozazi, ndipo tinganene chiyani pazida zosiyanasiyana! Zitha kuwerengedwa zamitundu mitundu ya zoyeserera (magazi athunthu kapena plasma). Ma labotala azachipatala amathanso kukhala ndi zida zowerengera ndi zolakwika zina kuwonjezera pa chipangizo chanu. Chifukwa chake, sizikupanga nzeru kuyang'ana kuwerenga kwa chipangizo chimodzi powerenga china, ngakhale chomwe, kapena labotale.

Ngati mukufuna kuonetsetsa kuti mita yanu ikhale yolondola, muyenera kulumikizana ndi labotale yapadera yovomerezeka ndi Russian Federal Standard pamakonzedwe opanga chipangizo chanu.

Ndipo tsopano zambiri pazifukwa kuwerenga kosiyana kwambiri mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ma glucometer ndipo amawerenga zolakwika zamakono. Zachidziwikire, zidzakhala zofunikira pokhapokha ngati zida zikugwira ntchito molondola.

• Zisonyezo za shuga zomwe zimayesedwa nthawi yomweyo zimadalira momwe chipangizocho chimapangidwira: magazi athunthu kapena plasma, capillary kapena venous. Onetsetsani kuti mwawerengera mosamala malangizo azida zanu! Talemba kale za momwe mungasinthire kuwerenga konse kwa magazi kukhala madzi a m'magazi kapena mosinthanitsa.
• Kusiyanitsa kwa nthawi pakati pa zitsanzo - ngakhale theka la ola limakhala ndi gawo. Ndipo ngati, titi, mudatenga mankhwala pakati pa zitsanzo kapena ngakhale asanakhalepo, ndiye kuti amathanso kukhudza zotsatira za muyeso wachiwiri. Kutha kuchita izi, mwachitsanzo, ma immunoglobulins, levodopa, kuchuluka kwa ascorbic acid ndi ena. Zomwezi zimagwiranso ntchito, monga chakudya, ngakhale zazing'ono.
• Madontho omwe amatengedwa kuchokera kumagawo osiyanasiyana a thupi.. Ngakhale kuwerenga kwa zitsanzo kuchokera chala ndi kanjedza kumakhala kosiyana pang'ono, kusiyana pakati pa zitsanzo kuchokera pa chala ndikuti, dera la ng'ombe ndi lamphamvu kwambiri.
• Kusasamalira malamulo aukhondo. Simungatenge magazi kuchokera kumiyeso yonyowa, chifukwa ngakhale madzi otsalira amakhudzana ndi kuphatikizika kwa magazi kwa dontho la magazi. Ndizothekanso kuti kugwiritsa ntchito kupukuta mowa kuti apewe mankhwala pamalowo, wodwalayo samadikirira mpaka mowa utasowa, womwe umasinthanso kapangidwe ka magazi.
• Zocheperako. Choyambitsanso chosinthika chidzakhala ndi zotsatira za zitsanzo zam'mbuyomu ndipo "chidzaipitsa" chatsopano.
• Manja ozizira kapena malo ena opumira. Kuwonongeka kwa magazi kosafunikira pamalo opangira magazi kumafunikira kuyeserera kowonjezereka pakufinya magazi, omwe amadzaza ndi madzi ochulukirapo a cellellular ndiku "amawonjezera". Ngati mumatenga magazi kuchokera m'malo awiri osiyanasiyana, kubwezeretsa magazi kuchokera kwa iwo koyamba.
• Dontho lachiwiri. Ngati mutsatira malangizowo kuti muyeze mfundo kuchokera dontho lachiwiri la magazi, kufufuta koyambirira ndi thonje la thonje, izi sizingakhale zoyenera pa chipangizo chanu, chifukwa pali plasma yochulukirapo kutsika kwachiwiri. Ndipo ngati mita yanu itayatsidwa ndi magazi a capillary, imawonetsera pang'ono poyerekeza ndi kachipangizo kogwiritsa ntchito shuga m'magazi - mu chipangizocho muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito dontho loyamba la magazi. Ngati munagwiritsa ntchito dontho loyamba pa chipangizo chimodzi, ndikugwiritsa ntchito lachiwiri kuchokera pamalo omwewo kuti mupange lina - chifukwa cha magazi owonjezera pa chala chanu, kapangidwe kake kazisinthanso mothandizidwa ndi mpweya, womwe ungasokoneze zotsatira zoyeserera
• Kuchuluka kwa magazi. Glucomimita yoyesedwa ndi magazi a capillary nthawi zambiri imazindikira kuchuluka kwa magazi pomwe malo opumira akhudza mzere wa mayeso. Pankhaniyi, gawo loyeserera "limayamwa" dontho la magazi ofunikira. Koma m'mbuyomu, zida zidagwiritsidwa ntchito (ndipo mwina imodzi mwanu imangokhala imeneyo), zomwe zimafuna kuti wodwalayo azikhetsa magazi pa mzere ndikuwongolera voliyumu - kunali kofunikira kuti akhale ndi dontho lomwe linali lalikulu kwambiri, ndipo pamakhala zolakwika pakufufuza dontho laling'ono kwambiri . Pozindikira njira yodziwunikira, wodwalayo amatha kupotoza zotsatira za kuwunika kwa chida chatsopanocho ngati zikuwoneka kuti magazi ochepa ayikidwa mu mzere wa mayeso ndipo "akumba" chinthu chomwe sichofunikira kwenikweni.
• Kuwaza magazi. Tikubwereza: m'magulu amakono ambiri, zingwe zoyeserera zimayamwa magazi molondola, koma ngati muyesa kupaka magaziwo, mzere woyeserera sukutenga magazi oyenera ndipo kuwunikaku sikungakhale kolondola.
• Chida kapena zida sizikhala ndi vuto. Kuti athetse cholakwika ichi, wopangayo amakopa chidwi cha odwala pakufunika kutsata zowunikira pazomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pakompyuta ndi mzere.
• Pazida zoyeserera chimodzi mwa zida zinali zinthu zosungidwa zasungidwa. Mwachitsanzo, zingwe zimasungidwa m'malo otentha kwambiri. Kusungidwa kolakwika kumathandizira kusokonekera kwa reagent, komwe, kumene, kumasokoneza zotsatira za kafukufuku.
• Moyo wa alumali wazida zopangira zatha. Vuto limodzimodzi ndi reagent tafotokozazi limachitika.
• Kuwunika kumachitika pa Malo osavomerezeka azachilengedwe. Mikhalidwe yoyenera yogwiritsira ntchito mita ndi iyi: kutalika kwa mtunda sikuposa 3000 m pamwamba pa nyanja, kutentha kumatentha madigiri 10 mpaka 40, ndipo chinyezi ndi 10-90%.

Chifukwa chiyani ma labotale ndi glucometer zizindikiro?

Kumbukirani kuti lingaliro la kugwiritsa ntchito manambala kuchokera ku labotale yokhazikika kuti mupeze mita ya shuga kunyumba sikulondola. Pali ma labotale apadera omwe amayang'ana magazi anu a shuga.

Zambiri mwazosiyana mu ma laboratori ndi mayeso apakhomo ndizofanana, koma pali kusiyana. Timasankha zazikulu:

• Mitundu yosiyanasiyana yazowerengera zida. Kumbukirani kuti zida mu labotale komanso kunyumba zitha (ndipo mwina zitha) kuwongolera mitundu yosiyanasiyana yamagazi - venous and capillary, whole and plasma. Kuyerekeza izi ndi zolakwika. Popeza kuchuluka kwa glycemia ku Russia kumatsimikiziridwa ndi magazi a capillary, umboni wa ma laboratori omwe ali pazotsatira pamapepala atha kusinthidwa kukhala zofunikira za mtundu uwu wamagazi pogwiritsa ntchito kokwanira 1.12 yomwe tikudziwa kale. Koma ngakhale mu nkhaniyi, kusamvana ndikotheka, popeza zida zama labotale ndizolondola kwambiri, ndipo cholakwika chovomerezeka cha magazi a nyumba ndi 20%.
• Nthawi zosiyanasiyana zosintha magazi. Ngakhale mutakhala kufupi ndi ma labotale ndipo pasanathe mphindi 10, mayesowo amayesabe ndi malingaliro osiyanasiyana komanso amthupi, zomwe zimakhudza kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi.
• Zochitika zosiyanasiyana zaukhondo. Kunyumba, muyenera kuti mudasamba m'manja ndi sopo ndikuwumitsa (kapena simunawume), pomwe labotale imagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala opha majeremusi.
• Kuyerekeza kusanthula kosiyanasiyana. Dokotala wanu angakulangizeni mayeso a hemoglobin a glycated omwe amawonetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'miyezi 3-4 yapitayi. Inde, sizikupanga nzeru kuyerekezera ndi kusanthula kwamakono zomwe metres yanu ikuwonetsa.

Momwe mungayerekezere zotsatira za labotale ndi zapakhomo

Musanayerekeze, muyenera kudziwa momwe zida zimapangidwira mu labotale, zotsatira zake zomwe mukufuna kufananitsa ndi nyumba yanu, ndikusintha manambala a mankhwalawo kukhala momwe mumagwiritsidwira ntchito momwe mita yanu imagwirira ntchito.

Pakuwerengedwa, timafunikira cholowa 1.12, chomwe chatchulidwa pamwambapa, komanso 20% ya cholakwika chovomerezeka pakugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa mita ya shuga m'magazi.

Mafuta a glucose anu amakhala ndi magazi athunthu, komanso ma plasma Analyser anu

Mafuta a glucose anu amayesedwa ndi plasma yonse ndikuwunikanso gawo lanu lonse la magazi

Mamita anu ndi labu zimayesedwa chimodzimodzi.

Pankhaniyi, kutembenuka kwa zotsatira sikofunikira, koma sitiyenera kuyiwala za ± 20% ya zolakwika zovomerezeka.

Ngakhale mchitsanzo ichi malire a cholakwika amangokhala 20% yomweyo, chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, kusiyana kwake kumawoneka kwakukulu. Ichi ndichifukwa chake anthu nthawi zambiri amaganiza kuti zida zawo zapakhomo sizolondola, ngakhale sichoncho. Ngati mutayambiranso, mukaona kuti kusiyana kwakupitilira 20%, muyenera kulumikizana ndi wopanga wanu wautundu kuti mupangire upangiri ndi kufunikira kwanu kuti musinthe chida chanu.

Zomwe zimayenera kukhala mita za shuga m'magazi

Tsopano popeza tazindikira zifukwa zomwe zimasiyanirana pakati pa kuwerenga kwa ma glucometer ndi ma labotale, mwina mungakhale ndi chidaliro mwa othandizira awa omwe sangasinthidwe. Kuti muwonetsetse kulondola kwa miyezo, zida zomwe mumagula ziyenera kukhala ndi ziphaso zoyeserera ndi chitsimikizo cha wopanga. Kuphatikizanso apo, yang'anani izi:

• Zotsatira zake
• Zingwe zazing'ono zokulirapo
• Kukula kwa mita yabwino
• Kusankha zowerengera pazowonetsedwa
• Kutha kudziwa kuchuluka kwa glycemia m'malo ena kupatula chala
• Kukumbukira kwa chipangizo (ndi deti ndi nthawi ya zitsanzo za magazi)
• Yosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito mita ndi kuyesa mizera
• Kusunga khodi kosavuta kapena kusankha kwa chipangizo, ngati kuli kotheka, lowetsani kachidindo
• Kuyeza kolondola

Mitundu yodziwika kale ya glucometer ndi zatsopano zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe.

Chipangizochi chimawerengeredwa ndi magazi athunthu ndipo amawonetsa zotsatira pambuyo pamasekondi 7. Dontho la magazi limafuna chochepa kwambiri - 1 μl. Imapulumutsanso zotsatira zaposachedwa 60. Mametera ofotokoza satellite ali ndi mtengo wotsika kwambiri wamizeremizere ndi chitsimikizo chopanda malire.

2. Glucometer One Touch Select® Plus.

Kuwonongeka ndi madzi am'magazi ndipo amawonetsa zotsatira pambuyo masekondi 5. Chipangizocho chimasunga zotsatira zaposachedwa 500 zaposachedwa. One Touch Select® Plus imakupatsani mwayi kuti mupeze malire a m'munsi komanso otsika a shuga m'magawo anu, poganizira kuchuluka kwa chakudya. Chizindikiro chautoto wamitundu itatu chimangowonetsa ngati magazi anu ali mgulu kapena ayi. Chithunzichi chimaphatikizapo cholembera chosavuta kuboola komanso chida chosungira ndi kunyamula mita.

3. Zatsopano - Accu-Chek Performa wamagazi shuga.

Imasungidwanso ndi plasma ndikuwonetsa zotsatira pambuyo masekondi 5. Ubwino wake ndiwakuti Accu-Chek Performa safuna kuzilemba ndipo amakumbutsa kufunika kopanga miyeso. Monga mtundu wam'mbuyo pamndandanda wathu, imakhala ndi kukumbukira kwa miyezo 500 ndi malingaliro apakati pa sabata, masabata awiri, mwezi ndi miyezi itatu. Kwa kusanthula, dontho la magazi lokha 0,6 μl limafunikira.

Fotokozani

Ngati muwerenga izi, mutha kuzindikira kuti inu kapena okondedwa anu mukudwala matenda ashuga.

Tinachita kafukufuku, tinaphunzira zambiri za zida ndipo koposa zonse tinayang'ana njira ndi mankhwala ambiri a shuga. Chigamulochi ndi motere:

Ngati mankhwalawa onse akaperekedwa, zinali zotsatira zosakhalitsa, atangomaliza kudya, matendawa amakula kwambiri.

Mankhwala okhawo omwe adapereka chofunikira ndi Diagen.

Pakadali pano, awa ndiye mankhwala okhawo omwe amachiritsiratu matenda ashuga. Diagen adawonetsa kuwonekera koyamba pamayambiriro a shuga.

Tidafunsa Unduna wa Zaumoyo:

Ndipo kwa owerenga tsamba lathu lino mwayi

pezani digen ZAULERE!

Yang'anani! Milandu yogulitsa Diagen yabodza tsopano.

Mukayika lamulo pogwiritsa ntchito maulalo pamwambapa, mumatsimikiziridwa kuti mudzalandira malonda kuchokera kwa wopanga wamkulu. Kuphatikiza apo, mukamayitanitsa pa tsamba lovomerezeka, mumalandira chitsimikizo cha kubweza (kuphatikizapo ndalama zoyendera) ngati mankhwalawo alibe.

Mita imathandizira odwala matenda ashuga kuwunika momwe alili, kuwerengetsa Mlingo wa insulin ndikuwunika mphamvu ya mankhwala. Kuchokera pakulondola ndi kudalirika kwa chipangizochi nthawi zina zimangotengera thanzi, komanso moyo wa wodwala. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kwambiri osati kungosankha chipangizo chapamwamba komanso chodalirika, komanso kuwongolera kuwonetsetsa kwake. Pali njira zingapo zowonera mita kunyumba. Kuphatikiza apo, muyenera kukumbukira zolakwika zovomerezeka, zomwe mtengo wake umafotokozedwa muzolemba zamaluso a chipangizocho. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti zimakhudzanso kulondola kwa zowerengedwa.

Odwala ena amadabwa komwe amayang'ana kuti mita ikhale yolondola atazindikira kuti zida zosiyanasiyana zimawonetsa mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana. Nthawi zina mawonekedwewa amafotokozedwa ndi magawo omwe chipangizocho chimagwira. Ma unit ena opangidwa ku EU ndi USA akuwonetsa zotsatira m'mayunitsi ena. Zotsatira zawo ziyenera kusinthidwa kukhala zigawo zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ku Russian Federation, mmol pa lita imodzi pogwiritsa ntchito matebulo apadera.

Pang'ono pang'ono, malo omwe magaziwo adatengedwa akhoza kukhudza umboni. Kuwerengetsa kwamitsempha yama venous kumatha kutsika pang'ono kuposa kuyesa kwa capillary. Koma kusiyanaku sikuyenera kupitilira 0,5 mmol pa lita. Ngati kusiyanasiyana ndikofunika kwambiri, kungakhale kofunikira kuti muwone kuyang'ana kwa mita.

Komanso, mozindikira, zotsatira za shuga zimatha kusintha pamene njira yosanthula ikuphwanyidwa. Zotsatira zimakhala zapamwamba ngati tepi yoyesa idadetsedwa kapena nthawi yake yatha. Ngati malo opumira sanasambitsidwe bwino, lancet yosabala, ndi zina zotere, mwina zimasochera.

Komabe, ngati zotsatira pazida zosiyanasiyana ndizosiyana, pokhapokha ngati amagwira ntchito m'mayunitsi omwewo, titha kunena kuti chimodzi mwazida zimawonetsa zolondola (ngati kusanthula kunachitika molondola).

Ogwiritsa ntchito ambiri ali ndi chidwi ndi momwe angayang'anire mita kuti ikhale yolondola kunyumba komanso ngati ingachitike. Popeza zida zam'manja zogwiritsira ntchito kunyumba zimapangidwira kuti wodwalayo azitha kuyang'anira yekha matenda ake mosadalira, wodwala matenda ashuga amathanso kudziyesa. Izi zimafuna njira yapadera yoyendetsera. Zipangizo zina zimakhala nazo kale mu zida, zina zikufunika kugulidwa payokha. Ndikofunika kukumbukira kuti ndikofunikira kugula yankho la mtundu womwewo womwe glucometer adatulutsa yomwe sisonyeza zotsatira zoyenera.

Kuti muwone, pitani motere:

1. Ikani chingwe choyesera mu chipangizo,
2. Yembekezerani kuti chipangizocho chitsegule,
3. Pazosankha za chipangizocho, muyenera kusintha kusintha kuchokera ku "Onjezani magazi" kukhala "Powonjezera yankho" (kutengera chipangizocho, zinthuzo zitha kukhala ndi dzina lina kapena simuyenera kusintha njira - izi zikufotokozedwa pamalangizo a chipangizocho)
4. Valani yankho mu mzere,
5. Yembekezerani zotsatirazi ndikuwona ngati zikugwera pagawo laankho.

Ngati zotsatira pazenera zikufanana, ndiye kuti chipangizocho ndicholondola. Ngati sizikugwirizana, ndiye kuti mudzayambiranso phunzirolo. Ngati mita ikuwonetsa zosiyana ndi muyeso uliwonse kapena zotsatira zokhazikika zomwe sizikugwera pamtunda wovomerezeka, ndiye kuti ndi zolakwika.

Zolakwika

Nthawi zina pamene kuyeza zolakwika kumachitika zomwe sizikugwirizana ndi kuthekera kwazida, kapenanso kutsimikizira kwawowerenga. Zifukwa zochepa zomwe zimachitika izi zalembedwa pansipa:

• Kuwerengetsa kwamitundu yosiyanasiyana. Zipangizo zina zimapangidwa kuti zizikhala ndi magazi athunthu, zina (nthawi zambiri zabotale) chifukwa cha madzi a m'magazi. Zotsatira zake, amawonetsa zotsatira zosiyana. Muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito magome kuti mutanthauzire kuwerenga kwina mu ena,
• Nthawi zina, wodwala akamayesa kangapo mzere, zala zingapo zimakhalanso ndi kuwerenga kosiyanasiyana kwa shuga. Izi ndichifukwa choti zida zonse zamtunduwu zili ndi vuto lovomerezeka mkati mwa 20%. Chifukwa chake, kukwera kwamlingo wamagazi, kuchuluka kwakukulu kusiyana kungakhale pakati pa zowerengera. Chosiyana ndi zida za Acco Chek - zolakwika zawo zovomerezeka siziyenera, malinga ndi muyezo, kupitirira 15%,
• Ngati kuya kwa kuchotsera sikunali kokwanira ndipo dontho la magazi silimangodzitulutsa lokha, odwala ena amayamba kufinya. Izi sizingachitike, popeza kuchuluka kwamadzimadzi a cellellular amalowa mu sampuli, yomwe, pamapeto pake, imatumizidwa kuti iwunikidwe. Kupitilira apo, zizindikilo zimatha kukhala zochulukirapo komanso zopanda chidwi.

Chifukwa cha zolakwika muzipangidwazo, ngakhale mita singawonetsetse, koma wodwalayo amadzimva kuwonongeka, ndikofunikira kufunafuna chithandizo chamankhwala.

Ndikofunikira kuti muyeso wa glucose m'magazi wokhala ndi glucometer uchitika molondola ndikuwonetsa shuga yeniyeni ya magazi. Nthawi zina mita imatha kukhala yolakwika ndikuwonetsa zotsatira zosiyana.

Kuwerenga kosayenera kungayambidwe ndi magulu awiri pazifukwa:

Tiyeni tiwalingalire mwatsatanetsatane.

Zolakwika za ogwiritsa ntchito

Kugwiritsa molakwika mizere yoyesa - Zotsalazo ndizovuta komanso ndizovuta kwambiri kuzitengera zazing'ono. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito, zolakwika ngati izi zingachitike.

• Sungani pamatenthedwe olakwika (otsika kwambiri kapena okwera).
• Sungani botolo losatsekedwa bwino.
• Kusunga pomalizira nthawi yolimba.

Werengani malangizo amomwe mungapangire moyenera shuga ndi glucometer kuti mupewe zolakwika.

Kugwira molakwika kwa mita - apa nthawi zambiri choyambitsa chachikulu cha vuto ndi kuipitsidwa kwa mita. Ilibe chitetezo cha machitidwe ake, chifukwa chake fumbi ndi zinthu zina zodetsa zimalowa. Kuphatikiza apo, kuwonongeka kwamakina ku chipangizocho ndikotheka - madontho, zikanda, etc. Popewa mavuto, ndikofunikira kuti mita ikhale pomwepo.

Zolakwika pakuyeza ndi kuzikonzekera:

• Kukhazikitsa kolakwika kwa kachidindo ka mayeso - kuti chipangizocho chizigwira ntchito molondola, kuzilemba koyenera ndikofunikira kwambiri, ndikofunikira kusintha chip, komanso kuyika nambala yatsopano mukasintha mawonekedwe a mayeso.
• Kuyeza pa kutentha kosayenera - Zolakwika pakuchitika kwa mtundu uliwonse wa chipangizocho zimawonedwa pakupyola malire a kutentha kwina (monga lamulo, zimasiyanasiyana kuchokera ku +10 madigiri mpaka +45 degrees).
• Manja ozizira - musanayeze, muyenera kutenthetsa zala zanu m'njira iliyonse yomwe ingatheke.
• Kuphatikizika kwa mizera yoyesa kapena zala ndi zinthu zomwe zimakhala ndi shuga - manja ayenera kutsukidwa bwino musanayeze shuga m'magazi, izi zithandiza kupewa zotsatira zolakwika za glucometer.

Zolakwa zamankhwala

Kuchitika kawirikawiri chifukwa cha kusintha kwamunthu pamankhwala, zomwe zimakhudza zotsatira. Akhoza kukhala motere:

1. Zolakwika zomwe zimayambitsidwa ndi kusintha kwa hematocrit.
2. Zolakwika zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha kusintha kwamomwe magazi amapanga.
3. Zolakwika zoyambitsidwa ndi mankhwala.

Hematocrit amasintha

Magazi amakhala ndi madzi am'magazi ndipo maselo amayimitsidwa - maselo oyera am'magazi, maselo ofiira a m'magazi ndi ma cell. Hematocrit ndiye kuchuluka kwa kuchuluka kwa maselo ofiira am'magazi.

Mu zida magazi onse a capillary amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zitsanzozomwe zimayikidwa pa mzere woyezera. Kuchokera pamenepo, zitsanzozo zimalowa m'mbali mwa mzere, pomwe njira ya kuyeza milingo ya glucose imachitika. Glucose, yemwe amalowa m'malo ozungulira, amapezeka m'magazi komanso m'magazi ofiira a m'magazi. Koma michere yokhala ndi oxidizing imatha kulowa m'magazi ofiira, motero mutha kudziwa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi a m'magazi.

Maselo ofiira omwe amapezeka m'muyeso amatenga glucose kuchokera ku madzi a m'magazi mwachangu kwambiri, chifukwa chake kuchuluka kwa glucose komwe kumachepa pang'ono. Mamita amatengera izi ndikuziwongolera zokha Mapeto a muyeso.

Mwa njira zonsezi, chipangizocho chimatha kupanga zotsatira zosiyana ndi zomwe zimapangidwira labotale kuchokera pa 5 mpaka 20%.

Kusintha kwamitsempha yamagazi

Zolakwika zomwe zimayambitsidwa ndi kusintha kwina kwa magazi:

• Magazi okhala ndi mpweya (O2). Kusamutsa okosijeni kuchoka m'mapapu kupita ku minofu ndichimodzi mwazinthu zofunikira kwambiri zamagazi. M'magazi, okosijeni amapezeka m'magazi ofiira, koma gawo laling'ono limasungunuka mu plasma. Ma molekyulu a O2 limodzi ndi plasma amasunthira komwe gawo la mayesolo likuchitika, apa amalanda gawo lamagetsi omwe amapangidwa nthawi ya gluxose oxidation ndipo omaliza salowa ovomereza. Kujambula kumeneku kumatsimikiziridwa ndi glucometer, koma ngati mpweya wa okosijeni m'magazi upitilira zomwe zimachitika, kugunda kwa ma elekitala kumalimbikitsidwa ndipo zotsatira zake zimakhala zopanda chidwi kwambiri. Kusintha koteroko kumachitika pamene mpweya wa okosijeni m'magazi utakwera kwambiri.

Kuwonjezeka kwa kuchuluka kwa O2 kumawonedwa kwambiri kawirikawiri., nthawi zambiri imadziwoneka mwa odwala omwe amamwetsa mpweya osakanikirana ndi mpweya wambiri.

Zochepetsedwa za O2 ndizovuta kwambiri, zimawonedwa pamaso pa zovuta za mapangidwe am'mapapo am'mimba, komanso pakuwonekera msanga kukwera kwambiri popanda chida cha okosijeni (mwachitsanzo, kwa oyendetsa ndege kapena okwera).

Dziwani kuti ma glucometer amakono amapangitsa kuti magazi azikhala amtunda wotalika kuposa 3000 metres.

• Triglycerides ndi uric acid. Triglycerides ndi zinthu zopanda madzi komanso imodzi mwazinthu zamafuta. Amadyedwa ndi minofu yambiri ngati gwero lamphamvu ndipo amayendetsedwa palimodzi ndi madzi amadzi. Nthawi zambiri, milingo yawo ya plasma imasiyanasiyana kuyambira 0,5 mpaka 1.5 mmol / L. Pankhani ya kuchuluka kwamphamvu pamlingo wa triglycerides, amachotsa madzi kuchokera ku plasma, zomwe zimapangitsa kutsika kwa gawo lomwe gawo lomwe glucose limasungunuka. Chifukwa chake, ngati mumatenga muyeso wama sampuli zamagazi ndi triglycerides yokwanira, mutha kupeza zotsatira zopanda pake.

Uric acid ndiye chimaliziro cha purine metabolism mu ziwalo zosiyanasiyana. Imalowa m'magazi kuchokera m'matumbo, amasungunuka m'madzi am'madzi, kenako ndikuthira mkodzo.

Uric acid imatha kukhathamiritsa mu kayendedwe ka gawo popanda kutenga michere. Poterepa, ma elekitoni ochulukirachulukira amatuluka, chifukwa chomwe zizindikiro za mita zimatha kukhala zapamwamba kwambiri. Izi zimachitika mosiyanasiyana ndi uric acid wambiri kuposa 500 μmol / L (wongedwa mwa odwala omwe ali ndi gout).

• Ketoacidosis ndiwopseza kwambiri kusokonezeka kwa shuga. Mwachizolowezi kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a mtundu wa 1. Ngati salandira insulin panthawi yake kapena ngati sikokwanira, glucose amatha kusiya kuyamwa ndi ziwalo ndi minofu yake, ndipo ayamba kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta aulere acids ngati gwero lamphamvu.

• Kuthetsa madzi m'thupi (i.e. kusowa kwamadzi) - imayendera ndi matenda ambiri, kuphatikizapo matenda ashuga a ketoacidosis a 1 mtundu, komanso hypersosmolar coma mwa anthu odwala matenda ashuga a 2. Chifukwa cha kuchepa madzi m'thupi, pali kuchepa kwa madzi am'madzi mu plasma, komanso kuwonjezeka kwa hematocrit mmenemo. Kusunthika kotere kumadziwika kwambiri m'magazi a capillary, chifukwa chake imayambitsa zotsatira zochepetsera kuchuluka kwa shuga.

Kuwonetsedwa kwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo

Kudziwitsa shuga wa magazi ndi ma electrochemical glucometer kumakhazikika pa makutidwe a okosijeni a ma enzyme, komanso kusunthidwa kwa elekitoni ndi omwe amavomereza ma elekitironi kuma microelectrodes.

Kutengera izi, mankhwala omwe amakhudza njirazi (mwachitsanzo, paracetamol, dopamine, ascorbic acid) zitha kusintha zolakwika.