Mndandanda wa glycemic wama tangerine kuchuluka kwamagulu amkate omwe amapezeka

Maapulo amatha kutchedwa chipatso chotchuka kwambiri m'mitunda yathu, maapulo amchere ndi okoma amakhala magwero ofunikira a mavitamini ndi mchere. Koma, ngakhale atakhala ndi phindu lochita malonda, akhoza kupatsirana odwala matenda ashuga omwe ali ndi matenda ena. Mukanyalanyaza lamuloli, pali mwayi wokuwonjezereka kwa magazi.

Maapulo ali ndi pafupifupi 90% yamadzi, ndi shuga kuchokera pa 5 mpaka 15%, ma calorie - 47 mfundo, glycemic index ya apulo - 35, kuchuluka kwa CHIKWANGWANI kumakhala pafupifupi 0.6% ya kuchuluka kwathunthu kwazomwe zachitika. Pulogalamu imodzi yaying'ono ili ndi pakati pa 1 ndi 1.5 mkate (XE).

Muyenera kudziwa kuti maapulo muli mavitamini A ambiri, pafupifupi kuchuluka kwa zipatso za zipatso. Pali vitamini B2 wambiri m'gululi, ndikofunikira kuti tsitsi likule bwino, njira yokumba. Vitaminiyi nthawi zina amatchedwa mavitamini olakalaka.

Ntchito zofunikira za maapulo a shuga

Mwa zina zofunikira kwambiri maapulo, amafunikira kuti azindikire kuchepa kwa mafuta m'thupi, kuthekera koletsa chitukuko cha mitsempha ya magazi. Izi ndizotheka chifukwa cha pectin, fiber fiber.

Chifukwa chake, apulo imodzi yaying'ono yokhala ndi peel ili ndi 3.5 g ya fiber, ndipo kuchuluka kumeneku kuli kopitilira 10% yololera tsiku lililonse. Ngati chipatsocho chimayang'aniridwa, chimangokhala ndi 2.7 g yokha ya fiber.

Ndizofunikira kudziwa kuti maapulo mumapezeka protein 2%, zakudya zophatikizira 11% ndi asidi 9%. Chifukwa cha zigawo zambiri zamtunduwu, zipatso ndizabwino kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga, popeza zomwe zili ndi zopatsa mphamvu zimakhala zochepa.

Pali malingaliro kuti ndi phindu la caloric ndikofunikira kumvetsetsa phindu la chinthu, koma izi sizowona. Ngakhale zili ndi calorie yochepa, apuloyo amakhala ndi zipatso zambiri za fructose ndi shuga. Izi ndi zinthu zomwe zimathandizira:

1. kupanga mafuta m'thupi
2. yogwira mafuta maselo mu subcutaneous mafuta.

Pachifukwa ichi, ngakhale munthu wodwala matenda ashuga ayenera kumangodya maapulo ochepa, pang'ono ndikofunikira kusankha mitundu yotsekemera ndi yowawasa, chifukwa chake shuga ya wodwalayo imachulukirachulukira.

Kumbali inayi, maapulo ali ndi mitundu yambiri yofunikira komanso yofunika, ndipo imakhala njira yabwino yoyeretsera matumbo. Ngati mumadya zipatso nthawi zonse, zimadziwika kuti kuchotsa poizoni komanso zinthu zoyambitsa matenda m'thupi.

Pectin amathandizira wodwala matenda ashuga kuti azikhutitsa thupi, amatha bwino ndi njala. Mu matenda a shuga a mtundu woyamba ndi wachiwiri, osavomerezeka kuti akwaniritse njala ndi maapulo, apo ayi kuphwanya zakudya za metabolism kumangopita patsogolo.

Pamene endocrinologist ilola, nthawi zina mutha kudzicheka nokha ndi maapulo, koma ayenera kukhala ofiira kapena achikasu. Nthawi zina zipatso ndi shuga zimagwirizana, koma ngati mukuwaphatikiza ndi zakudya za munthu wodwala.

Chipatso ichi ndi njira yabwino yothanirana ndi mavuto azaumoyo:

• magazi osakwanira
• kutopa kwambiri
• chimbudzi
• machitidwe oyipa
• kukalamba msanga.

Ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti chipatsocho chimakhala chotsekemera, chomwe chimakhala ndi chakudya chochuluka. Ndikofunika kudya zipatso kuti chitetezo cha m'thupi chitetezeke, kuphatikiza chitetezo cha thupi.

Zambiri kudya zopindulitsa

Nthawi ina kale, madotolo adapanga chakudya chamagulu ochepa, chomwe chimawonetsedwa kwa odwala omwe ali ndi vuto la hyperglycemia, matenda a shuga a mtundu woyamba ndi wachiwiri. Mfundo iyi yokhudza zakudya imafotokoza za kupezeka kwa zakudya zomwe zimaloledwa komanso zoletsedwa ngati mukudwala.

Pazakudya, kumwa maapulo kumaganiziridwanso, zakudya zomwe zimaperekedwa pakugwiritsa ntchito zipatsozi chifukwa chakulemera kwambiri kwa mavitamini, mavitamini, ofunikira kwa odwala matenda ashuga. Popanda zinthuzi, thupi limakwanitsa.

Izi ndizofunikanso chifukwa, mosasamala mtundu wa shuga, wodwalayo sayenera kudya zakudya zomanga thupi zambiri, zamafuta ndi zomanga thupi. Ngati malingaliro awa sanatsatidwe, pali mwayi wokuchulukirachulukira wa matenda a shuga omwewo komanso matenda okhudzana nawo.

Zipatso, monga tanena kale, zimathandizira kuti thanzi la munthu likhale labwino, chifukwa chake:

• maapulo amtundu uliwonse ayenera kupezeka pagome la wodwalayo,
• koma zochuluka.

Ndikofunikira makamaka kudya mitundu yobiriwira ya apulosi. Zipatso zomwe zimakhala ndi shuga ziyenera kuphatikizidwa muzakudya, poganizira zomwe akuti "theka ndi kotala".

Pakulekerera kwa shuga.

Dokotala angakuuzeni zambiri pazovomerezeka. Tiyeneranso kukumbukira kuti gawo limodzi mwa magawo anayi a maapulo okha omwe amaloledwa mu shuga 1 mtundu. Amakhulupirira kuti wodwalayo akapepuka, amatha kudya maapulo. Pali lingaliro lina kuti zipatso zazing'ono zimakhala ndi glucose pang'ono, koma madokotala amatsutsana kwambiri ndi izi.

Zatsimikiziridwa mwasayansi kuti maapulo a kukula kulikonse ali ndi kuchuluka kwamaminere, mavitamini ndi fiber.

Momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito?

Endocrinologists molimba mtima kuti ndi mtundu uliwonse wa shuga mumaloledwa kudya maapulo amitundu mitundu: ophika, owira, wouma komanso watsopano. Koma kupanikizana, compote ndi apamu kupanikizika koletsedwa.

Maapulo ophika ndi owuma ndizothandiza kwambiri, malinga ndi chithandizo chochepa cha kutentha, mankhwalawa amasungabe zabwino zake peresenti 100. Mukamaphika, zipatso sizitaya mavitamini, koma chotsani chinyezi chambiri. Kutayika kotereku sikotsutsana ndi mfundo zoyambirira za zakudya zopatsa thanzi.

Maapulo ophika ndi hyperglycemia akhoza kukhala njira yabwino yodziwitsira ndi maswiti. Zipatso zouma ziyenera kudyedwa mosamala, apulo wouma wataya madzi, kuchuluka kwa shuga kumawonjezeka mwachangu, glucose yemwe ali mu apuloyo amachokera pa 10 mpaka 12%, mumakhala magawo ena a mkate mkati mwake.

Wodwala matenda ashuga akolola maapulo owuma nthawi yachisanu, ayenera kukumbukira nthawi zonse kutsekemera kwawo.

Ngati mukufunitsitsadi kudya zakudya zanu, mutha kuphatikiza maapulo owuma popanga chipatso chofooka, koma shuga sangawonjezerepo.

Zotsatira za maapulo thupi

Chifukwa cha kukhalapo kwa CHIKWANGWANI ndi zinthu zina, mamolekyu opanda inshuwaransi amakakamira ku cholesterol, amathandizira kuti amuchotsepo mthupi. Chifukwa chake, ndizotheka kuchepetsa mwayi wotsekeka kwamitsempha yamagazi ndimagazi a cholesterol. Pectin imalimbitsa mitsempha ya magazi, izikhala muyeso wopewa matenda a atherosclerosis. Kafukufuku wasayansi akuwonetsa kuti maapulo awiri patsiku amachepetsa mwayi wokhala ndi matenda ashuga ndi 16%.

Chochita ndi kupezeka kwa fiber ndi zakudya mu izo zimapangitsa mawonekedwe a magazi, kuchotsa cholesterol kuchokera pamenepo, ndikuletsa kupezeka kwamavuto akudya. Pambuyo ponyani ziphe ndi poizoni, matumbo amafunika kutsukidwa, pectin imayeretsa kuyeretsa, imathandizira kuthana ndi matenda am'mimba, kupopera, ndi mapangidwe amiyala mumizere ya bile. Madokotala amalimbikitsa kudya maapulo kuti azichiritsa ngati kusanza ndi mseru.

Zipatso za mitundu ya zotsekemera komanso zowawasa zimathandizira kuperewera kwa magazi, kuperewera kwa mavitamini, popeza ali ndi mavitamini ambiri komanso kufufuza zinthu. Ndikotheka kulimbitsa thupi, kuonjezera kukana zotsatira za ma virus ndi matenda. Kuphatikiza apo, kagayidwe kamapangidwira, thupi limasinthanso pambuyo pakuchita zolimbitsa thupi kwambiri.

Ngakhale pamaso pa shuga, maapulo sakuvulaza thupi la munthu yemwe ali ndi matenda ashuga, popeza shuga omwe amapezeka m'mawuwo amaperekedwa mwanjira ya fructose:

1. chinthu ichi sichimayambitsa shuga m'magazi,
2. Sizimachulukitsa thupi ndi glucose.

Zipatso zimabwezeretsa kagayidwe kachakudya, zimasinthasintha mchere wamchere, zimachepetsa kukalamba, ndikupanga maselo.

Ngati munthu wodwala matenda ashuga kale wachitidwa opaleshoni, ndikofunika kuti azigwiritsa ntchito kakang'ono mphamvu zam'mapapo, popeza zimakhala ndi mphamvu yofulumizitsa kuthamanga kwa mafupa, zimawonjezera chitetezo cha mthupi.

Kupezeka kwa phosphorous mu maapulo kumalimbikitsa ubongo, kumalimbitsa chitetezo cha m'thupi, kumathandiza kulimbana ndi vuto la kugona, ndipo kumathandizanso wodwalayo.

Kodi ndingadye zipatso zamtundu wanji wa shuga? Zambiri pa izi zimaperekedwa mu kanema munkhaniyi.

Kuwerengera bwanji?

Magawo a mkate amawaganiziridwa ndi njira yamalamulo, kutengera deta ya matebulo apadera.

Kuti mudziwe zolondola, zinthuzo zimalemedwa pamiyeso. Anthu ambiri odwala matenda ashuga amatha kudziwa izi "ndi maso". Mfundo ziwiri zofunikira pakuwerengera: zomwe zimakhala m'magawo, zomwe zimapatsa mphamvu pa 100 g.Chizindikiro chomaliza chimagawidwa ndi 12.

Gawo la chakudya chamasiku onse ndi:

• onenepa kwambiri - 10,
• ndi matenda ashuga - kuyambira 15 mpaka 20,
• wokhala ndi moyo wongokhala - 20,
• pa katundu wolemera - 25,
• olimbitsa thupi - 30,
• mukamalemera - 30.

Ndikulimbikitsidwa kugawanitsa mlingo wa tsiku ndi tsiku m'magawo 5 mpaka 6. Katundu wa chakudya wopatsa mphamvu ayenera kukhala wamkulu kwambiri mu theka loyamba, koma osapitirira 7 mayunitsi. Zizindikiro pamwambapa zimawonjezera shuga. Tchuthi chimaperekedwa ku chakudya chachikulu, zotsalazo zimagawidwa pakati pazakudya zazing'ono.

Mlozera wa Glycemic

Ndi matenda ashuga, osati kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamagulu mu chakudya ndikofunikira, komanso kuthamanga kwa mayamwidwe awo ndi kulowa kwa magazi. Pang'onopang'ono thupi limapukusira chakudya, pokhapokha amalimbikitsa shuga.

Glycemic Food Index (GI) - Chizindikiro cha kuchuluka kwa chakudya m'magazi a anthu. Mu shuga mellitus, chizindikirochi ndichofunika monga kuchuluka kwa mikate.

Zopangidwa zodziwika zomwe zimakhala ndi index yayikulu ya glycemic. Mitu ikuluikulu ndi:

• Wokondedwa
• Shuga
• Zakumwa zoziziritsa kukhosi komanso zopanda kaboni,
• Jam
• Mapiritsi a glucose.

Maswiti onsewa alibe mafuta. Mu matenda ashuga, amatha kuledzera pokhapokha ngati ali ndi vuto la hypoglycemia. M'moyo watsiku ndi tsiku, zinthu zomwe zalembedwazi sizikulimbikitsidwa kwa odwala matenda ashuga.

Kuti apange zakudya zawo, odwala matenda ashuga amaganizira index ya glycemic.

Zikuwonetsa kuthekera kokukula kwa glucose ndi chinthu china.

Pazakudya zake, wodwala matenda ashuga amasankha omwe ali ndi index yochepa ya glycemic. Amadziwikanso kuti chakudya nthawi zonse.

Pazogulitsa okhala ndi index yochepa kapena yotsika, njira za metabolic zimachitika bwino.

Madokotala amalimbikitsa kuti odwala matenda ashuga azitha kudya zakudya zochepa. Izi zimaphatikizapo nyemba, zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba osiyanasiyana, bulwheat, mpunga wa bulauni, mbewu zina zazu.

Zakudya zokhala ndi mlozera wokwera chifukwa cholimbirana mwachangu zimasinthanso shuga m'magazi. Zotsatira zake, zimasokoneza shuga ndikuwonjezera zoopsa za hyperglycemia. Madzi, kupanikizana, uchi, zakumwa zimakhala ndi GI yapamwamba. Zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha pakuimitsa hypoglycemia.

Kodi gawo la mkate la XE ndi chiyani?

Kugwiritsa ntchito magawo a mkate powerengera zinthu kunapangidwa ndi a Germany a zakudya zaku Karl Noorden koyambirira kwa zaka za m'ma 1900.

Gulu la mkate kapena chakudya ndi kuchuluka kwa mafuta omwe amafunikira magawo awiri a insulini kuti amwe. Nthawi yomweyo, 1 XE imakulitsa shuga ndi 2.8 mmol / L.

Gulu limodzi lamkate limatha kukhala ndi 10 mpaka 15 g yamafuta ochulukirapo. Mtengo weniweni wa chizindikirocho, 10 kapena 15 g shuga mu 1 XE, zimatengera miyezo yovomerezeka yamankhwala mdziko muno. Mwachitsanzo

• Madokotala aku Russia amakhulupirira kuti 1XE ndi ofanana ndi 10-12 g ya chakudya chamagulu (10 g - kupatula michere yazakudya m'zinthuzo, 12 g - kuphatikizapo fiber),
• ku USA, 1XE ndi magalamu 15 a shuga.

Magawo a mkate ndi kuyerekezera kovuta. Mwachitsanzo, mkate umodzi umakhala ndi 10 g shuga. Komanso chidutswa chimodzi cha mkate ndi wofanana ndi chidutswa cha mkate 1 cm, wodulidwa kuchokera pamtundu wamba wa "njerwa".

Muyenera kudziwa kuti kuchuluka kwa 1XE kwa magawo awiri a insulin kumawonetseranso ndipo kumasiyana nthawi ya tsiku. Kuti mutenge gawo lomwelo la mkate m'mawa, magawo awiri a insulin amafunikira, masana - 1.5, ndipo madzulo - 1 yokha.

Kuwerengera magawo a mkate

Nyama ndi nsomba sizimakhala ndi zopatsa mphamvu konse. Samatenga nawo mbali powerengera mkate. Chokhacho chomwe chikufunika kulingaliridwa ndi njira ndi kapangidwe ka kukonzekera. Mwachitsanzo, mpunga ndi mkate zimawonjezeredwa muma-nyama.

Zomera zoyambira sizitanthauza kukhazikika. Nyemba imodzi yaying'ono ili ndi mayunitsi 0,6, kaloti atatu akuluakulu - mpaka 1 unit. Mbatata zokha zomwe zimakhudzidwa kuwerengera - muzu umodzi womwe uli ndi 1.2 XE.

1 XE malinga ndi kugawa kwazomwe zili ndi:

• kapu ya mowa kapena kvass,
• mu theka la nthochi
• mu ½ chikho cha apulo msuzi,
• mumapulogalamu ang'onoang'ono asanu kapena ma plamu ambiri,
• theka la mutu wa chimanga
• mu Persimmon imodzi
• mu gawo la chivwende / vwende,
• mu apulo imodzi
• mu 1 tbsp ufa
• mu 1 tbsp wokondedwa
• mu 1 tbsp shuga wonenepa
• mu 2 tbsp phala lililonse.

Kuchuluka kwa chakudya cham'magazi monga magawo a buledi kumapangitsa kufunikira kwa insulin yambiri, yomwe imayenera kupakidwa kuti ithetse shuga ya magazi a postprandial ndipo zonsezi ziyenera kuganiziridwa.

Munthu yemwe ali ndi matenda a shuga 1 amayenera kupenda zakudya zake mosamalitsa. Mlingo wonse wa insulin patsiku umatengera izi, komanso kuchuluka kwa "ultrashort" ndi insulin "yochepa" tisanadye chakudya chamadzulo.

Gawo la mkate liyenera kuganiziridwa mu zinthu zomwe munthu angadye, kutanthauza magome a odwala matenda ashuga. Chiwerengerochi chikadziwika, muyenera kuwerengetsa kuchuluka kwa insulini ya "ultrashort" kapena "yochepa", yomwe imayalidwa musanadye.

Pakuwerengera kolondola kwambiri kwamitundu yama mkate, ndi bwino kumangopima zinthuzo musanadye. Koma popita nthawi, odwala matenda a shuga amawunika mankhwala "ndi maso". Kuyerekezera koteroko ndikokwanira kuwerengera mlingo wa insulin. Komabe, kupeza kakhitchini kakang'ono kungakhale kothandiza kwambiri.

Matebulo azizindikiro pazinthu zosiyanasiyana

Matebulo apadera owerengera apangidwa. Mwa iwo, zophatikiza ndi chakudya zimasinthidwa kukhala magawo a mkate. Pogwiritsa ntchito deta, mutha kuwongolera kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamafuta mukamadya.

Wodwala matenda ashuga ayenera kuwerengera pafupipafupi mkatewo. Mukamayendetsa zakudya zanu, muzikumbukira zakudya zomwe zimakweza glucose mwachangu komanso pang'onopang'ono.

Zakudya zopatsa mphamvu zama calorie ndi mndandanda wazinthu zomwe zimapangidwanso m'magulu nawonso zimawerengeredwa. Zakudya zopangidwa moyenera zimalepheretsa kuchuluka kwa shuga masana ndipo zimathandizira pa thanzi lathunthu.

Kodi gawo la mkate ndi chiyani?

XE (mkate mkate) ndimawu opangidwa mwapadera, mtundu wa kuchuluka kwa chakudya cha anthu odwala matenda ashuga. Mkate umodzi kapena chakudya chamagulu amafunika magawo awiri a insulini ake. Komabe, izi ndi zochepa. Chifukwa chake, mwachitsanzo, kuti muthe kulimbikitsa 1 XE m'mawa, mayunitsi awiri ndi ofunika, masana - 1.5, komanso madzulo - 1.

1 XE ndi ofanana ndi magalamu 12 a michere ya digestible kapena gawo limodzi la mkate "wa njerwa" wokhala ndi makulidwe pafupifupi masentimita 1. Komanso kuchuluka kwa chakudya kwamtunduwu kumakhala ndi magalamu 50 a buckwheat kapena oatmeal, 10 g shuga kapena apulo yaying'ono.

Pa chakudya chimodzi chimodzi muyenera kudya 3-6 XE!

Mfundo ndi malamulo pakuwerengera XE

Ndikofunikira kuti odwala matenda ashuga azindikire - chakudya chamagulu omwe wodwala azidzadya, ndiye kuti adzafunika kwambiri ndi insulini. Chifukwa chake, odwala matenda ashuga ayenera kulinganiza mosamalitsa zakudya zawo za tsiku ndi tsiku, popeza kuchuluka kwathunthu kwa insulin kumatengera chakudya chomwe wadya. Poyamba, odwala matenda ashuga amayenera kuyesa zakudya zonse zomwe azidya, pakapita nthawi, chilichonse chimawerengeredwa "ndi diso".

Chitsanzo cha momwe mungawerengere kuchuluka kwa XE pazogulitsa kapena mbale: Choyambirira choti muwerengere moyenera ndikupeza kuchuluka kwa mafuta omwe ali mu 100 g ya malonda. Mwachitsanzo, 1XE = 20 mafuta. Tiyerekeze kuti 200 g ya mankhwala ili ndi 100 g yamafuta. Kuwerengera kuli motere:

Chifukwa chake, 200 g ya mankhwala ili ndi 4 XE. Chotsatira, muyenera kupimitsa zinthuzo kuti mupeze kulemera kwake kuti muwerenge molondola XE.

Khadi lotsatira lidzakhala lothandiza kwa odwala matenda ashuga:

Matenda a shuga a shuga

Aliyense akhoza kudzipangira yekha chakudya, motsogozedwa ndi matebulo apadera. Tikukupatsani mndandanda wazakudya zamasabata sabata za odwala matenda ashuga, kupatsidwa kuchuluka kwa XE:

• M'mawa Mbale ya saladi yosakaniza apulo ndi karoti, kapu ya khofi (tiyi kuti musankhe).
• Tsiku. Lenten borsch, uzvar wopanda shuga.
• Madzulo. Chidutswa cha chidutswa cha nkhuku yophika (gr. 150) ndi 200 ml ya kefir.

• M'mawa Mbale ya saladi yosakaniza kabichi ndi apulosi wowawasa, kapu ya khofi ndi mkaka.
• Tsiku. Tonda borsch, zipatso zamitundu ina popanda shuga.
• Madzulo. Nsomba yophika kapena yothira, 200 ml ya kefir.

• M'mawa Maapulo awiri aang'ono wowawasa, 50 g zouma ma apulosi, tiyi kapena khofi (osachita) popanda shuga.
• Tsiku. Msuzi wamasamba ndi zipatso zokometsera zopanda nyengo popanda shuga.

• M'mawa Maapulo awiri wowawasa awiri, 20 g zoumba zamphesa, kapu ya tiyi wobiriwira.
• Tsiku. Msuzi wamasamba, zipatso zambiri.
• Madzulo. Mbale ya mpunga wa bulauni wokometsedwa ndi msuzi wa soya, kapu ya kefir.

• M'mawa Mbale ya saladi yosakaniza maapulo wowawasa ndi lalanje, tiyi wobiriwira (khofi) wopanda shuga.
• Madzulo. Mbale ya burwheat yokometsedwa ndi msuzi wa soya ndi kapu ya yogurt yopanda mafuta popanda zowonjezera.

• M'mawa Mbale ya saladi yosakaniza maapulo ndi kaloti wokometsedwa ndi mandimu, kapu ya khofi ndi mkaka.
• Tsiku. Suzi kabichi, 200 g compote.
• Madzulo. Gawo la mitundu yolimba ya pasitala yokhala ndi phala la phwetekere, kapu ya kefir.

• M'mawa Gawo la saladi wosakaniza theka la nthochi ndi maapulo awiri awiri wowawasa, kapu ya tiyi wobiriwira.
• Tsiku. Zamasamba borscht ndi compote.
• Madzulo. 150-200 g wa filimu yophika nkhuku yophika kapena yamkaka, kapu ya kefir.

Anthu omwe akudwala matenda ashuga ayenera kuyang'anitsitsa zakudya zawo, kudziwongolera okha magazi, kupanga menyu wapadera ndikutsatira malangizo onse a dokotala. Ndikofunika kwambiri kuphatikiza zakudya zoyenera za matebulo a mikate yopangidwira odwala ashuga, ndi thandizo lawo kuti mutha kupanga menyu yanu yapadera popanda kuyesa malonda aliwonse pamakala.

1 XE - kuchuluka kwa zinthu zomwe zili ndi magalamu 10 a 12 a chakudya chabwino (magalamu 10 (kuphatikiza utsi wazakudya) - 12g (kuphatikizapo zinthu za ballast).

1 XE imakulitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi ndi 1.7-2.2 mmol / L.

Kuti mumvetsetse 1 XE, 1-4 U ya insulin ndiyofunikira.

1 chikho = 250 ml, chikho 1 = 300 ml, 1 basket = 250 ml.

* - zinthu zomwe zikuwonetsedwa patebulopo ndi baji sikuti ndizovomerezeka kuti zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito mu shuga mellitus chifukwa cha index yayikulu ya glycemic.

Zinthu zamkaka

• XE - imayimira "unit unit".
• 1 XE kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi ndi 1.7-2.2 mmol / l.
• 1 XE - kuchuluka kwa chilichonse chomwe chili ndi 10g yamafuta abwino, koma osaganizira zinthu zoyipa.
• Kuti mumvetse mkate wa 1, insulin imafunikira muyeso yamagulu a 1-4.

Tsopano mukudziwa kuchuluka kwamagulu a mkate omwe mumafunikira tsiku lililonse.

Koma zitatha izi funso limadzuka "Kodi mungamasulire bwanji mfundo za XE mu nambala yomwe mukufuna?" . Mutha kupeza yankho la funsoli patebulo lapansili lomwe lili pansipa, lomwe limalimbikitsa anthu odwala matenda ashuga.

Zogulitsa	Kutsatira 1XE
Pimani	Misa kapena voliyumu	Kcal
Mkaka (wonse, wophika), kefir, yogati, kirimu (chilichonse mafuta), Whey, buttermilk	1 chikho	250 ml
Wothira mkaka wambiri	30 g
Mkaka wopaka wopanda shuga (7.5-10% mafuta)	110 ml	160-175
3.6% mkaka wonse	1 chikho	250 ml	155
Yoghur	1 chikho	250 ml	100
Curd (wokoma)	100 g
Syrniki	1 sing'anga	85 g
Ice cream (kutengera kalasi)	65 g
3.6% Fat Yogurt	1 chikho	250 ml	170
Kodi pamafunika magawo angati a buledi? Kugwiritsa ntchito kwa XE kumadalira moyo wa munthu. Ndi ntchito yayikulu kapena kubwezeretsanso thupi ndi dystrophy, mpaka 30 XE patsiku ndikofunikira. Ndi ntchito yolimbitsa thupi komanso yolimbitsa thupi moyenera - mpaka 25 XE patsiku. Ndi ntchito yokhazikika - mpaka 20 XE. Kwa odwala matenda a shuga - mpaka 15 XE (malingaliro ena azachipatala amalola odwala matenda ashuga mpaka 20 XE). Ndi kunenepa kwambiri - mpaka 10 XE patsiku. Zakudya zambiri zam'mimba zimayenera kudyedwa m'mawa. Anthu odwala matenda ashuga amalimbikitsa kudya zakudya zisanu patsiku.Izi zimakuthandizani kuti muchepetse shuga omwe amalowetsa m'magazi mukatha kudya (kuchuluka kwa chakudya chambiri nthawi imodzi kumabweretsa kulumikizana kwa shuga m'magazi). Chakudya cham'mawa - 4 HE. Chakudya chamadzulo - 2 XE. Chakudya chamadzulo - 4-5 XE. Zovuta - 2 XE. Chakudya chamadzulo - 3-4 XE. Asanagone - 1-2 XE. Mitundu iwiri ya zakudya idapangidwa kuti ikhale ndi matenda a odwala matenda ashuga: moyenera - akuvomereza kugwiritsa ntchito 15-20 XE patsiku. Ndi mtundu woyenera wa zakudya zomwe zimalimbikitsidwa ndi akatswiri azakudya zambiri komanso madokotala omwe amayang'anira matendawa. - yodziwika ndi kudya kwambiri kwa carbohydrate, mpaka 2 XE patsiku. Nthawi yomweyo malangizo omwe angapangidwe ka carb ochepa amakhala ochepa. Kuwona odwala pamadyedwe awa kumawonetsa zotsatira zabwino ndikusintha, koma pakadali pano mtundu uwu wa zakudya suwatsimikiziridwa ndi zotsatira za mankhwala ovomerezeka. Lingaliro la mkate mkate Mawu akuti XE adayambitsidwa kuti athandize odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga, matebulo opangidwa mwapadera. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwerengera zakudya zamagulu ndi zopatsa mphamvu mu zakudya. Chifukwa cha kuwerengera komwe kumapangidwira okonzedwa m'matebulo, munthu ali ndi mwayi wopatutsa zakudya zake popanda kuwononga thanzi lake. Pafupifupi 11 g pa XE iliyonse. XE imodzi imakulitsa kuchuluka kwa glucose pafupifupi 1.4-2.1 mmol / lita. Chifukwa chake, ngati muwerengera kuchuluka kwa magawo omwe adadyedwa, mutha kudziwa kuchuluka kwa insulini. Kuti mumvetsetse 1 XE, 1 mpaka 4 IU ya insulin ndiyofunikira. Kuchuluka kwovomerezeka kwa XE kwa matenda ashuga kuyambira 15 mpaka 20XE. Ndi kunenepa kwambiri osapitilira 10 XE. Magawo a mkate ndi zipatso Amawerengeredwa kuti 1 XE = 100 mg ya madzi a zipatso. mtundu umodzi uzichita momwemo. Izi zikutanthauza, mwachitsanzo, kuti mapeyala okoma ndi wowawasa amakulitsa kuchuluka kwa glucose chimodzimodzi. Zipatso ndi zipatso zothandiza kwambiri kwa odwala matenda ashuga malinga ndi kafukufuku wazakudya: Mphesa, guava, maapulo wowawasa ndi mapeyala, papaya, makangaza, chitumbuwa, chivwende, kiwi, nkhuyu, cantaloupe. Mutha kuzidya, koma muziyang'anitsitsa mkate. Yang'anirani shuga yanu. Osazunza. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito mwanzeru, zipatsozi sizingakhudze shuga. Mphesa zimakhala ndi chakudya chamafuta ambiri, mphesa zinayi ndizofanana ndi 1 XE. Chifukwa chake, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito ndi. Chipangizo cha mbatata Mbatata imakhala ndi GI yayikulu (mpaka 90%), yokhala wowuma yambiri, motero, imatha kudyedwa ndi odwala matenda a shuga osaposa 260 g patsiku, makamaka tsiku lililonse. Kwa odwala matenda ashuga amtundu woyamba, mbatata ndizothandiza pakachulukidwe, ndipo kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a 2, kuwerengetsa kwa XE kuyenera kutsatiridwa mosamalitsa, popeza kutsegula ndi wowuma kumadwaladwala. Zouma zipatso mkate patebulo Zipatso zouma zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pocheperako. Mwachitsanzo, zoumba zoumba 1 patsiku, zimatulira ngati zidutswa za 2-3. Osamadya zipatso zouma zomera kumayiko otentha. Cannon ndi durian ndi owopsa ku thanzi. Odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga amatha kupha zipatso izi. Zouma zipatso compote Chinsinsi Tengani zouma zouma kapena zipatso. Madzi ayenera kusefa kwa odwala, zotsekemera zimayikidwa ngati compote imakonzedwa kuposa lita imodzi. Compote yotereyi imapangidwa kwa mphindi khumi. Iyenera kupukutidwa kwa masiku awiri. Magawo a mkate m'maswiti Mwana tchizi Theka 40 g Cheesecake pafupifupi 1 pc 70 g Bioogurt 1 pc 240 mg Yogurt ya zipatso 1 pc 80 mg Mkaka ayisikilimu 1 pc 65 g Kirimu wowawasa 1 pc 50 g Yofesedwa mkaka Theka akhoza 160 g Zikondamoyo 1 pc 60 g Cheesecake 1 pc 55 g Gingerbread 1 pc 80 g Pop Pop Supuni 5 8 g Kupanikizana kokoma Theka la supuni 5 g Pangani Supuni 1 imodzi 6 g Maswiti onse ndi osayenera. Zowona zowona ndi kuchuluka kwa zosakaniza sizomwe zimalembedwa pamakalata azakudya za anthu odwala matenda ashuga, chifukwa wopangayo sayenera kuthana ndi thanzi la anthu. Mukatha kudya zakudya zotere, kuyeza shuga kumafunika. Ndi hypoglycemia, mutha kudya zipatso za popsicles. Magawo a mkate ndi njere Kuphatikizidwa kwa mtedza kumakhala ndi mavitamini onse, michere, fiber, ndi mapuloteni ofunikira.Ma Walnuts ndi osauka mu chakudya, chifukwa ndi othandiza kwa odwala matenda ashuga. 7 nucleoli imatha kudyedwa patsiku. Mapeyala ndi othandiza mu antioxidants ndi mapuloteni, ndi cholesterol yotsika. Amaloledwa kudya 30 g patsiku Ma almond ndi othandiza pa matenda a shuga a 2, okhala ndi shuga. Normalization acidity m'mimba. Amaloledwa kudya zidutswa 10 patsiku. Mafuta a paini a shuga amachititsa kuti chiwindi chiziwalitsa, chiwonjezeke chitetezo chokwanira, ndipo ndizothandiza kuzizira kwa nyengo. 20 g tikulimbikitsidwa patsiku Nyemba Zamaphwando Am mkate Ziphuphu kuloleza odwala matenda ashuga : kuyamwa kwa chakudya kumachitika popanda kuthandizira insulin, mitsempha yamagazi ndi mtima zimalimbitsidwa, mphamvu yogwira ntchito ndi mwayi wophunzirira umakonzedwa. Ma antioxidants omwe amapanga mandimu amachotsa poizoni m'thupi, ndipo chitetezo chokwanira chimakulanso. Mawonekedwe a mahomoni amakhala osinthika. Mu supuni zisanu ndi ziwiri 1 XE. Nyama ndi nsomba Mulibe chakudya, motero simuyenera kuzikumbukira m'magawo a mkate. Ganizirani ngati aphika mbale kuchokera kwa iwo. Mwachitsanzo, ngati mwachangu makeke ama nsomba, mkate wowonjezerawo umakumbukiridwa. Ngati bufa umafewetsa mkaka, mkaka umathandizidwanso. Zokonzedwa mu amamtera, zosakaniza zomwe zimapanga batter zimaganiziridwa. Popeza ndizosatheka kuwerengera molondola zosakaniza zonse pazomalizidwa, ziyenera kutayidwa. Zakudya za mtundu 1 ndi matenda ashuga 2: kusiyana Matenda a shuga a Type 1 amaphatikizidwa ndi kuwonongeka kwa maselo a beta, amasiya kutulutsa insulin. Ndi matenda amtundu wa 1 shuga, ndikofunikira kuwerengera molondola XE ndi mlingo wa insulin, womwe umayenera kupakidwa zakudya musanadye. Palibe chifukwa chowongolera kuchuluka kwa zopatsa mphamvu ndikuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito zakudya zopatsa mphamvu kwambiri. Zakudya zapamwamba zokha ndizochepa (zimakomedwa msanga komanso zimayambitsa kukula kwambiri kwa shuga - msuzi wokoma, kupanikizana, shuga, keke, keke). Matenda a 2 a shuga samayendera limodzi ndi kufa kwa maselo a beta. Ndi nthenda yachiwiri, pali maselo a beta, ndipo amagwira ntchito mopitilira muyeso. Chifukwa chake, zakudya zamtundu wa 2 wodwala matenda ashuga zimachepetsa kudya zamafuta kuti chakudya chikhale ndi nthawi yayitali yopumira beta. Pankhaniyi, onse a XE ndi kalori amawerengedwa. Zakudya za XE za wodwala yemwe ali ndi matenda ashuga Zogulitsa zilizonse zimakhala ndi mafuta ochulukitsa 12 mpaka 15, omwe ndi ofanana ndi 1XE. Gawo limodzi la mkate limachulukitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi ndi gawo limodzi la 2.8 mmol / L. Pazowonetserazi, 2 PIERES ya insulin yochotsedwa ikufunika. Chakudya cham'mawa: 260 ga saladi wa kabichi watsopano ndi kaloti, kapu ya tiyi, Chakudya chamadzulo: supu yamasamba, zipatso zouma zambiri, Chakudya chamadzulo: nsomba zothawa, osati mafuta kefir 1 chikho. Zipatso zophika, tiyi ndi khofi zimadyedwa popanda shuga wowonjezera. Chakudya cham'mawa: 260 g saladi wa maapulo ndi kaloti, kapu ya khofi ndi mkaka, Chakudya chamasana: msuzi wopanda msuzi wa nyama, zipatso zambiri, Chakudya chamadzulo: 250 g ya phala la oatmeal, osati yogurt. Chakudya cham'mawa: 250 g ya phala lophwaphika Chakudya chamasana: msuzi wa nsomba, kefir 1 chikho chamafuta ochepa, Chakudya chamadzulo: coleslaw ndi apulo, khofi. Ichi ndi chitsanzo cha zakudya zamagulu azakudya kuti mumvetsetse bwino. Zimathandizira kutsitsanso thupi ndikuchepa thupi. Mitengo yamasamba ndiyabwino kwa odwala matenda a shuga, kokha ndikofunikira kuonetsetsa kuti mapuloteni omwe amapezeka mthupi amakhutira kwathunthu. Kusowa kwake kungalipiridwe ndi supuni 8 za tchizi tchizi. Njala imaperekedwa kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga. Zitha kupangitsa kuti thupi liziganiza mosasamala chifukwa chosowa chakudya. Matenda a shuga amakhala ovuta. Zakudya zabwino kwambiri za anthu odwala matenda ashuga ndizakudya zochepa zamafuta ndi batala, ndizomwera kumwa masamba atsopano komanso zipatso zosakoma. Komanso, kuvomerezedwa kuti musinthe, monga wopatsa thanzi komanso mchiritsi. Lingaliro la chigawo cha mkate kapena XE yofupikitsidwa idayambitsidwa kuti ipangitse kuwongolera kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamafuta. Masiku ano, kuli masukulu apadera a anthu odwala matenda ashuga omwe ali ndi maphunziro ofunikira operekedwa ndi antchito ophunzitsidwa bwino.Chifukwa, mwachitsanzo, anthu odwala matenda ashuga amapatsidwa matebulo kuti awerenge kudya kwa tsiku ndi tsiku kwa magawo a mkate, kutengera mtundu wa aliyense wa iwo. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti mufunse adokotala anu za kuchuluka kwa mikate yomwe mumafunikira, koma kuchuluka kwake kungaoneke patebulo pansipa. Magulu a odwala matenda a shuga 1. Chiwerengero chokwanira cha XE patsiku.
Wodwala wodwala matenda a shuga amakhala ndi kunenepa kwambiri, komwe kumafunika kukonza zakudya (mankhwala).	6-8
Wodwala matenda a shuga ndi onenepa kwambiri.	10
Kulemera kwa wodwala yemwe ali ndi matenda ashuga ndizochepa, ndipo amakhala moyo wongokhala.	12-14
Wodwala matenda ashuga amakhala ndi thupi labwino, koma amangokhala.	15-18
Wodwala matenda a shuga amakhala ndi thupi labwinobwino, ndipo amachita zinthu zolimbitsa thupi tsiku lililonse, mwachitsanzo, zokhudzana ndi ntchito.	20-22
Kulemera kwa thupi kumakhala kochepa, ndipo nthawi yomweyo amakhala akuchita ntchito yayikulu.	25-30

Zinthu zophika buledi

Ma groats aliwonse (ndi semolina *)

1 tbsp. supuni ndi slide

Nyama zokhala ndi ufa

Yophika, yophika tuber

Mulingo wazogwiritsidwa ntchito

Kwa odwala matenda ashuga amtundu wa 2 (ndipo nthawi zina choyambacho), zakudya zamafuta ochepa zimakhala bwino, zomwe zimachepetsa kutulutsa shuga m'magazi. Kuchepetsa kumwa kwa zinthuzi kumabweretsa kuti kulemera kumatsika (ngati kuli kofunikira), kuchuluka kwa insulin kumatsikanso, ndipo shuga idzalipidwa.

Ndi chakudya chotere, kuwerengera kumachitika nthawi zambiri m'magalamu ndipo kumafikira 25-30 g wama chakudya tsiku patsiku la 1 ndi mtundu 1 wa shuga. Izi zimafanana pafupifupi 2 - 2,5 hex mu shuga mellitus patsiku. Kuphatikiza apo, kuchuluka kwa chakudya cham'magazi kumayenera kudyedwa limodzi ndi kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni ndipo, pang'ono, mafuta.

Ndikofunika kukumbukira kuti kudya zakudya zamagulu azakudya kuyenera kukhala yunifolomu. Pa chakudya chilichonse, pafupifupi 0,5 - 0,8 XE kapena 6 - 8 g. Palibe chilichonse chovuta kudziwa momwe mungawerengere bwino chizindikiro ichi mu zinthu. Onani ma CD, nthawi zonse pamakhala tebulo lama michere, omwe amasonyezanso zamapuloteni ndi mafuta. Sinthani nambala iyi kutengera kulemera kwazomwe mukugulitsa. Gawani manambala ndi 12. Zotsatira zake ndi kuchuluka kwa XE.

Funso lachiwiri lofunikira ndi momwe mungawerengere kuchuluka kwa insulini potengera izi. Kugwiritsa ntchito XE imodzi popanda kuyambitsa mankhwala aliwonse omwe amachepetsa shuga kumawonjezera kuchuluka kwa shuga m'thupi mwa pafupifupi 1.7 - 2 mm / L. Kutengera izi, kudziwa kuchuluka kwa insulin.

Kuchokera pamwambazi zikuwoneka kuti kuwerengera kwa XE kwa jakisoni wa insulin ndizovuta kwambiri. Ndiosavuta kuganizira chizindikiro ichi pa gramu imodzi.

Zinthu za XE zapakati pazinthu zina zotchuka zidawerengedwa kale. Ndizofunikanso chifukwa si zakudya zonse zomwe zimagulitsidwa phukusi.Gome la mikate yazakudya pozindikira kuti 1 XE ndi 12 g imaperekedwa pansipa. Amapangidwa ndi Endocrinological Research Center (ESC) molingana ndi miyezo yaku Russia yowerengera.

Kodi gawo la mkate ndi chiyani?

Bread Unit (XE) Ndi gawo lofunikira lomwe anthu odwala matenda ashuga amagwiritsa ntchito kuwerengera zakudya zamagulu.

Chipinda chimodzi choterechi ndi chofanana ndi pafupifupi 10 (chopanda zakudya) kapena pafupifupi 12 (kuphatikiza zida zophatikizira zamagalimoto), chimawonjezera shuga m'magazi ndi 2.77 mmol / L, ndikugwiritsa ntchito magawo 1.4 a insulini kuti mumalowe thupi la munthu.

Ma mkate a Mkate ndi Insulin

Lingaliro la XE lidapangidwa makamaka kwa odwala matenda a shuga omwe amagwiritsa ntchito insulin. Kupatula apo, amafunikira kuwerengera kuchuluka kwa insulini pakukonzekera, kutengera kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamafuta tsiku lililonse. Kupanda kutero, amatha kukhala ndi hyper kapena hypoglycemia (kuwonjezeka kapena kuchepa kwa shuga m'magazi).

Podziwa kuchuluka kwa magawo omwe mankhwala ali nawo, mutha kulemba moyenera zakudya za tsiku ndi tsiku za matenda ashuga, kusintha zakudya zina.

Zipatso ndi Zipatso

Zogulitsa	Kutsatira 1XE
	Pimani	Voliyumu kapena misa	Kcal
Mkate Woyera, buledi aliyense (kupatula batala)	Chidutswa chimodzi	20 g	65
Rye mkate, imvi	Chidutswa chimodzi	25 g	60
Mkate wa Wholemeal ndi chinangwa	Chidutswa chimodzi	30 g	65
Zakudya Zakudya	2 zidutswa	25 g	65
Zobera	2 ma PC	15 g	55
Zoyala (kupukuta, ma cookie owuma)	Ma PC 5.	15 g	70
Zakudya monga chimanga ndi ufa
- yisiti	25 g	135
- mpunga (phala / yaiwisi)	1 tbsp. / 2 tbsp. supuni ndi slide	15/45 g	50-60
- yophika (phala)	2 tbsp. supuni ndi slide	50 g	50-60
1.5 tbsp. spoons	20 g	55
- yophika	3-4 tbsp. spoons	60 g	55
Wowuma (mbatata, tirigu, chimanga)	1 tbsp. supuni ndi slide	15 g	50
Tirigu wa tirigu	12 tbsp. spoons ndi slide	50 g	135
Zikondamoyo	1 yayikulu	50 g	125
Keke	50 g	55
Zingwe	4 pc
Nyama mkate	Zosakwana 1 pc
Cutlet	1 pc pafupifupi
Soseji, soseji yophika	2 ma PC	160 g
Mafuta ndi mbewu za phala
Mkaka wopanda pake: - puff	35 g	140
- yisiti	25 g	135
Ma groats aliwonse (kuphatikiza semolina *) - yaiwisi	1 tbsp. supuni ndi slide	20 g	50-60
- mpunga (yaiwisi / phala)	1 tbsp. / 2 tbsp. spoons ndi slide	15/45 g	50-60
- yophika (phala)	2 tbsp. spoons ndi slide	50 g	50-60
Pasitala - youma	1.5 tbsp. spoons	20 g	55
- yophika	3-4 tbsp. spoons	60 g	55
Ufa wabwino, rye	1 tbsp. supuni ndi slide	15 g	50
Wholemeal ufa, tirigu wathunthu	2 tbsp. spoons	20 g	65
Lonse ufa wa soya, molimba mtima	4 tbsp. spoons okhala ndi pamwamba	35-45 g	200
Wowuma (mbatata, chimanga, tirigu)	1 tbsp. supuni ndi slide	15 g	50
Tirigu wa tirigu	12 tbsp. spoons ndi pamwamba	50 g	135
Pop Pop	10 tbsp. spoons	15 g	60
Zikondamoyo	1 yayikulu	50 g	125
Fritters	1 pafupifupi	50 g	125
Zingwe	3 tbsp. spoons	15 g	65
Keke	50 g	55
Zingwe	2 ma PC
Kalori kudya shuga Odwala ambiri omwe amapezeka ndi matenda a shuga a 2 ndi onenepa kwambiri. 85% ya matenda a shuga a 2 amayambitsidwa ndi mafuta ochulukirapo. Kudzikundikira kwamafuta kumayambitsa kukula kwa shuga pamaso pa chinthu chobadwa nacho. Kenako, amaletsa zovuta. Kuchepetsa thupi kumayambitsa kuwonjezeka kwa moyo wodwala matenda ashuga. Chifukwa chake, odwala ambiri omwe ali ndi matenda amtundu wa 2 sayenera kuwongolera XE yokha, komanso zomwe zili ndi zopatsa mphamvu. Zopatsa mphamvu za calorie zomwe sizikhudza kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Chifukwa chake, ndi kulemera kwabwinobwino kumatha kunyalanyazidwa. Zakudya za calorie tsiku ndi tsiku zimatanthauzanso moyo ndipo zimasiyana kuyambira 1500 mpaka 3000 kcal.Momwe mungawerengere kuchuluka kwa zopatsa mphamvu zofunika? Timazindikira chizindikiro cha metabolism (OO) choyambirira Kwa amuna : OO = 66 + kulemera, kg * 13.7 + kutalika, masentimita * 5 - zaka * 6.8. Kwa akazi : OO = 655 + kulemera, kg * 9.6 + kutalika, cm * 1.8 - zaka * 4.7 Mtengo womwe wapezeka wa OO wokwanira umachulukitsidwa ndi zochita zanu: Ntchito zapamwamba kwambiri - OO * 1.9. Ntchito yapamwamba - OO * 1.725. Zochita wamba ndi OO * 1.55. Zochita Zochepa - OO * 1,375. Ntchito Zochepa - OO * 1.2. Ngati ndi kotheka, muchepetse thupi, kuchuluka kwa kalori tsiku ndi tsiku kumachepetsedwa ndi 10-20% ya mtengo wokwanira. Timapereka chitsanzo. Kwa wogwira ntchito muofesi yolemera makilogalamu 80, kutalika kwa 170 masentimita, zaka 45, wodwala yemwe ali ndi matenda ashuga komanso otsogola, mawonekedwe a kalori adzakhala 2045 kcal. Ngati atapita kukachita masewera olimbitsa thupi, ndiye kuti zakudya zake zopatsa mphamvu za tsiku ndi tsiku ziziwonjezereka mpaka 2350 kcal. Ngati kuli kofunikira kuti muchepetse thupi, kuchuluka kwa tsiku ndi tsiku kumachepetsedwa kukhala 1600-1800 kcal. Kutengera izi, mutha kuwerengera kuchuluka kwa zopatsa mphamvu mu bun yolumikizidwa, zakudya zamzitini, mkaka wowotchera kapena madzi. Ubwino wama calories ndi chakudya wamafuta akuwonetsedwa mu 100 g ya malonda. Kuti mudziwe zopatsa mphamvu za calorie za mkate kapena paketi ya makeke, muyenera kuwerengera zopezeka m'zakudya za kulemera kwa paketiyo. Timapereka chitsanzo. Phukusi la kirimu wowawasa lolemera 450 g limawonetsa zopatsa mphamvu za 158 kcal ndi zopatsa mphamvu za 2.8 g pa 100 g.Tiwerengetsa kuchuluka kwa zopatsa mphamvu phukusi lililonse la 450 g. 158 * 450/100 = 711 kcal Momwemonso, timakambirana zomwe zimapezeka mu phukusi: 2.8 * 450/100 = 12,6 g kapena 1XE Ndiye kuti, mankhwalawo ndi otsika-carb, koma nthawi yomweyo-high-calorie. Kugawa kwa XE masana Odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga, kupuma pakati pa chakudya sikuyenera kukhala lalitali, choncho 17-31XE (204- 336 g yamafuta) patsiku iyenera kugawidwa kasanu ndi kawiri. Kuphatikiza pa zakudya zazikulu, zokhazokha zimakhazikitsidwa. Komabe, ngati zakudya zapakati pazakudya ndizitali, ndipo hypoglycemia (kutsitsa glucose) sikupezeka, mutha kukana zokhwasula. Palibenso chifukwa choyenera kudya zakudya zowonjezera ngakhale munthu atavulaza ndi insulin. Mu shuga mellitus, magawo a mkate amawerengedwa pachakudya chilichonse, ndipo ngati mbale zimaphatikizidwa, pachakudya chilichonse. Pazinthu zokhala ndi chakudya chamagulu ochepa am'mimba (zosakwana 5 g pa 100 g ya gawo lomwelo), XE singaganiziridwe. Kuti chiwonetsero cha insulini sichidutsa malire otetezeka, osaposa 7XE ayenera kudya kamodzi. Mafuta ochulukirapo omwe amalowa m'thupi, kumakhala kovuta kwambiri kuti muchepetse shuga. Chakudya cham'mawa chimalimbikitsidwa 3-5XE, pa chakudya cham'mawa chachiwiri - 2 XE, pa nkhomaliro - 6-7 XE, tiyi wamadzulo - 2 XE, chakudya chamadzulo - 3-4 XE, usiku - 1-2 XE. Monga mukuwonera, zakudya zambiri zokhala ndi zakudya zamafuta zimayenera kudyedwa m'mawa. Ngati kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamafuta kunayamba kukhala kokulirapo kuposa momwe anakonzera, kuti tipewe kulumpha m'magazi a glucose kwakanthawi mutatha kudya, timadzi tambiri tomwe timayambitsa timadzi timene timayambitsa. Komabe, muyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti mlingo umodzi wa insulin yochepa suyenera kupitirira magawo 14. Ngati kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi sikupitirira chizolowezi, pakati pa zakudya zomwe zimapangidwa pa 1XE zitha kudyedwa popanda insulin. Akatswiri angapo amati kudya 2-2.5XE kokha patsiku (njira yotchedwa zakudya zamagulu ochepa). Pankhaniyi, poganiza kuti, mankhwala a insulin akhoza kusiyidwa kwathunthu. Zambiri Zamtundu wa Mkate Kuti mupange mndandanda wazakudya za anthu odwala matenda ashuga (zonse ziwiri komanso kuchuluka kwake), muyenera kudziwa kuchuluka kwa magawo omwe amapezeka muzinthu zingapo. Pazinthu zomwe zimapangidwa m'mafakitale, izi zimapezeka mosavuta. Wopangayo akuyenera kuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamagulu mu 100 g ya malonda, ndipo nambalayo iyenera kugawidwa ndi 12 (kuchuluka kwa chakudya m'magalamu mu XE imodzi) ndikuwerengedwa potengera unyinji wazomwe wapangidwazo. Muzochitika zina zonse, matebulo a magawo a mkate amakhala othandizira.Ma tebulo awa amafotokoza kuchuluka kwa chinthu chomwe chimakhala ndi 12 g yamafuta, i.e. 1XE. Kuti zitheke, malonda agawidwa m'magulu kutengera zakomwe adachokera kapena mtundu (masamba, zipatso, mkaka, zakumwa, ndi zina). Mabuku awa amakupatsani mwayi wowerengera kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamafuta muzakudya, jambulani zakudya zoyenera, asinthe zakudya zina ndi ena, ndipo pamapeto pake, werengani kuchuluka kwa insulini. Pokhala ndi zidziwitso zamagulu a chakudya, odwala matenda ashuga amatha kugula pang'ono pazomwe zimaletsedwa. Kuchuluka kwa zinthu nthawi zambiri kumawonetsedwa osati magalamu, komanso, mwachitsanzo, zidutswa, zopangira, magalasi, chifukwa chomwe palibe chifukwa cholemera. Koma ndi njira iyi, mutha kupanga cholakwika ndi mlingo wa insulin. Kodi zakudya zosiyanasiyana zimachulukitsa bwanji shuga? zomwe sizikukula glucose, shuga wambiri kuchuluka kwa glucose kwakukulu. Maziko gulu loyamba Zogulitsidwazo ndi masamba (kabichi, radishi, tomato, nkhaka, tsabola wofiira ndi wobiriwira, zukini, biringanya, nyemba zazingwe, radish) ndi amadyera (sorelo, sipinachi, katsabola, parsley, letesi, ndi zina). Chifukwa chokhala ndi michere yambiri, XE siziwawerengera. Anthu odwala matenda ashuga amatha kugwiritsa ntchito mphatso zachilengedwezi popanda zoletsa, komanso zosaphika, komanso zophika, ndi kuphika, nthawi yayikulu pakudya, komanso panthawi yazakudya. Chofunika kwambiri ndi kabichi, yomwe imayamwa shuga, kuichotsa m'thupi. Ma nyemba (nyemba, nandolo, malengedwe, nyemba) mumtundu waiwisi amadziwika ndi chakudya chochepa kwambiri. 1XE pa 100 g yazogulitsa. Koma mukawawiritsa, ndiye kuti machulukitsidwe amakankhira amadzuka nthawi 2 ndipo 1XE ipezeka kale mu 50 g ya malonda. Pofuna kuti musachulukitse kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamafuta azakudya, mafuta (mafuta, mayonesi, kirimu wowawasa) akuyenera kuwonjezedwa kwa iwo ochepa. Ma Walnuts ndi ma hazelnuts ndi ofanana ndi nyemba zosaphika. 1XE ya 90 g. Nandolo za 1XE zimafunikira 85. Ngati musakaniza masamba, mtedza ndi nyemba, mumapeza masaladi athanzi komanso opatsa thanzi. Zogulitsa, kuwonjezera apo, zimadziwika ndi index yotsika ya glycemic, i.e. Njira yosinthira kwa chakudya chamagulugulu m'magulu a glucose imayamba pang'onopang'ono. Bowa ndi nsomba zamafuta ndi nyama, monga ng'ombe, sayenera kulandira zakudya zapadera za anthu odwala matenda ashuga. Koma masoseji ali kale ndi chakudya chamagulu ochulukitsa, popeza wowuma ndi zina zowonjezera nthawi zambiri zimayikidwa mu fakitole. Kupanga masoseji, kuwonjezera, soya nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Ngakhale zili choncho, mu soseji ndi soseji yophika 1XE imapangidwa ndi kulemera kwa 160 g. Soseji zosuta mu menyu a odwala matenda ashuga sayenera kuphatikizidwa. Kutalika kwa ma carbord ndi ma carbohydrate kumawonjezeka chifukwa chophatikiza mkate wopanda kanthu ku nyama yoboola, makamaka ngati imadzaza mkaka. Pokaza, gwiritsani ntchito mkate. Zotsatira zake, kuti mulandire 1XE, 70 g yazogulitsa ndizokwanira. XE palibe mu supuni 1 ya mafuta mpendadzuwa ndi 1 dzira limodzi. Zakudya zomwe zimachepetsa shuga Mu gulu lachiwiri lazinthu zimaphatikizapo mbewu monga chimanga - tirigu, oat, barele, mapira. Kwa 1XE, 50 g ya phala lamtundu uliwonse limafunikira. Chofunika kwambiri ndikusinthasintha kwa chinthu. Ndi kuchuluka komweko kwa chakudya chamagulu, phala mumadzi amadzimadzi (mwachitsanzo, semolina) imalowa mwachangu mthupi kuposa phala lotayirira. Zotsatira zake, kuchuluka kwa glucose m'magazi poyambira kumawonjezeka mofulumira kuposa kwachiwiri. Dziwani kuti chimanga chophika chimakhala ndi mafuta osachepera katatu kuposa chimanga chouma pomwe 1XE imangopanga 15 g ya malonda. Oatmeal pa 1XE amafunikira pang'ono - 20 g. Chakudya chamafuta ambiri ndi mtundu wa wowuma (mbatata, chimanga, tirigu), ufa wosalala ndi ufa wa rye: 1XE - 15 g (supuni yokhala ndi phiri). Coarse ufa ndi 1XE more - 20. Kuchokera pamenepa ndizodziwikiratu chifukwa chake zinthu zambiri zamafuta zimapangidwa kwa odwala matenda ashuga.Mafuta ndi zinthu kuchokera pamenepo, kuwonjezera apo, zimadziwika ndi index yayikulu ya glycemic, ndiko kuti, ma carbohydrate amasinthidwa mwachangu kukhala glucose. Zizindikiro zamawu zimasiyana ma boti, ma mkate, ma cookie owuma (osokoneza). Koma pali mkate wowonjezera mu 1XE pakuyesa kulemera: 20 g zoyera, imvi ndi mkate wa pita, 25 g yakuda ndi 30 g ya chinangwa. 30 g amayeza mkate, ngati mumaphika muffin, mwachangu zikondamoyo kapena zikondamoyo. Koma tikumbukire kuti kuwerengetsa kwamtundu wa buledi kuyenera kuchitikira mtanda, osati chifukwa chotsiriza. Pasitala wophika (1XE - 50 g) ali ndi chakudya chamafuta ochulukirapo. Mu mzere wa pasitala, ndibwino kuti musankhe zomwe zimapangidwa kuchokera ku ufa wochepa wa carbohydrate wholemeal. Mkaka ndi zotumphukira zake ndizagulu lachiwiri la zinthu. Pa 1XE mutha kumwa magalasi 250 amkaka, kefir, yogati, mkaka wowotchera, kirimu kapena yogati iliyonse yamafuta. Ponena za tchizi cha kanyumba, ngati mafuta ake ali ochepera 5%, safunikira kukumbukiridwa konse. Mafuta okhala ndi zotsekemera zolimba ayenera kukhala osakwana 30%. Zogulitsa za gulu lachiwiri la odwala matenda ashuga ayenera kudyedwa ndi zoletsa zina - theka la gawo labwinobwino. Kuphatikiza pazomwe tafotokozazi, izi zimaphatikizaponso chimanga ndi mazira. Zakudya zamatumbo ambiri Mwa zinthu zomwe zimachulukitsa shuga (gulu lachitatu))kutsogolera maswiti . Masipuni awiri okha (10 g) a shuga - komanso 1XE kale. Zomwezo ndi kupanikizana ndi uchi. Pali chokoleti chochulukirapo ndi mafuta m'thupi pa 1XE - 20 g.Iyenera kuti musatengeke ndi chokoleti cha matenda ashuga, chifukwa 1XE imangofunika 30 g shuga wa zipatso (fructose), yemwe amamuwona ngati wodwala matenda ashuga, komanso siwopanda chifukwa, chifukwa 1XE imapanga 12 g. Chifukwa cha kuphatikiza chakudya chopatsa thanzi ndi shuga chidutswa cha keke kapena nthuza amapeza 3XE pomwe. Zakudya zambiri zokhala ndi shuga zimakhala ndi index yayikulu ya glycemic. Koma izi sizitanthauza kuti maswiti amayenera kusiyidwa kwathunthu ndi zakudya. Otetezeka, mwachitsanzo, ndi msuzi wokoma wa curd (wopanda glaze ndi zoumba, zowona). Kuti mupeze 1XE, mumafunikira monga 100 g. Ndizovomerezeka kudya ayisikilimu, 100 g yomwe ili ndi 2XE. Makonda ayenera kuperekedwa m'makalasi otsekemera, chifukwa mafuta omwe amapezeka pamenepo amateteza kuyamwa kwa mafuta kwambiri, ndipo, chifukwa chake, kuchuluka kwa glucose m'magazi kumakwera mofulumira kwambiri. Chipatso cha ayisikilimu chipatso, chomwe chimakhala ndi timadziti, m'malo mwake, chimatengedwa mwachangu m'mimba, chifukwa cha momwe machulukitsidwe amwazi wa magazi amalimbira. Zakudya zoterezi ndizothandiza kwa hypoglycemia. Kwa odwala matenda ashuga, maswiti nthawi zambiri amapangidwa pamaziko a zotsekemera. Koma muyenera kukumbukira kuti shuga zina zimalimbikitsa kulemera. Popeza anagula zakudya zotsekemera zokonzekera koyamba, amayenera kuyesedwa - idyani gawo laling'ono ndikuyesa kuchuluka kwa glucose m'magazi. Popewa zovuta zamtundu uliwonse, maswiti amakonzedwa bwino kunyumba, kusankha kuchuluka kwa zinthu zomwe mungapeze. Pewani kumwa kapena kuchepera momwe mungathere komanso batala ndi mafuta a masamba, mafuta anyama, wowawasa wowawasa, nyama yamafuta ndi nsomba, nyama yam'chitini ndi nsomba, mowa. Mukaphika, muyenera kupewa njira yokazinga ndipo ndikofunika kugwiritsa ntchito mbale momwe mumatha kuphika popanda mafuta. Zogulitsa Zamakina Zipatso ndi zipatso zimakhudza glucose wamagazi m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Ma-lingonberry, mabulosi abulu, mabulosi akuda, jamu, rasipiberi, ndi ma currants sizovulaza kwa odwala matenda ashuga (1 XE - supuni 7-8). Ma lemoni ali m'gulu lomweli - 1XE - 270 g. Koma makangaza, nkhuyu, kiwi, mango, nectarine, pichesi, maapulo 12 g lama michere amafunikira chipatso chimodzi chokha. M nthochi, cantaloupe, chivwende, ndi chinanazi zimathandizanso kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Masamba, mphesa zimakhala pakati pamizere. Kuti mukwaniritse 1XE mutha kudya ma PC 10c. Muyenera kudziwa kuti zipatso za acidic ndi zipatso zake ndizochepa pang'onopang'ono kuposa zotsekemera, chifukwa chake musatsogoze ku kulumpha kowopsa mumagazi a magazi. Ma saladi azipatso omwe amathandizidwa ndi mtedza woponderezedwa ndikuwotcha yogati ndizothandiza kwa odwala matenda ashuga. Anthu omwe amadwala matenda ashuga a zipatso ayenera kudya pang'ono. 12 g ya chakudya chopatsa 10 pcs. zoumba, 3 ma PC. ma apricots zouma ndi zipatso, 1 pc. nkhuyu. Chosiyana ndi maapulo (1XE - 2 tbsp. L.). Kaloti ndi beets (1XE - 200 g) zimawonekera kwambiri pakati pa mbewu zomwe zimakhala ndi chakudya chochepa chamafuta. Zizindikiro zomwezi ndizofanana ndi dzungu. Mu mbatata ndi Yerusalemu artichoke, XE ndi katatu. Komanso, machulukitsidwe a chakudya zimatengera njira yokonzekera. Mu puree 1XE imapezeka pa 90 g kulemera kwake, mbatata yonse yophika - pa 75 g, yokazinga - pa 35 g, mu tchipisi - kokha pa 25 g. Chakudya chomaliza chimakhudzanso kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Ngati mbatata chakudya ndi madzi, ndiye kuti njirayi imachitika mwachangu, ngakhale mbatata iliyonse ili m'gulu lazopangidwa ndi index yayikulu ya glycemic. Mosankha, odwala matenda ashuga ayenera kuyambanso zakumwa, asankhe okhawo omwe alibe chakudya, kapena okhala nawo ochepa. Zakumwa zotsekemera zimaphatikizidwa. Mochulukitsa, mutha kumamwa madzi okha opanda kapena opanda mafuta. Sopo yotsekemera imakhala yosowa kwambiri, chifukwa 1XE imapezeka kale kuchokera ku theka lagalasi. Mitengo ya zipatso ndizovomerezeka, koma okhawo omwe amadziwika ndi index yotsika ya glycemic (mphesa), komanso tiyi (makamaka wobiriwira) ndi khofi yopanda shuga ndi zonona. Ndi matenda a shuga, kugwiritsa ntchito timiyeso tomwe tangofika kumene, makamaka ndiwo zamasamba, timalimbikitsidwa. Pa 1 XE, mutha kumwa 2,5 tbsp. kabichi, 1.5 tbsp. phwetekere, 1 tbsp. beetroot ndi msuzi wa karoti. Pakati pa timadziti ta zipatso, chakudya chochepa kwambiri chomwe chili ndi zipatso za mphesa (1,4 tbsp. Per 1XE). Kwa lalanje, chitumbuwa, msuzi wa apulosi, 1XE amalembedwa kuchokera ku theka lagalasi, chifukwa cha msuzi wa mphesa - kuchokera kakang'ono kwambiri. Kvass imakhalanso yotetezeka kwa odwala matenda ashuga (1XE - 1 tbsp.). Zakumwa za mafakitale (zakumwa zozizilitsa kukhosi, ma cocktails opangidwa kale, citro, ndi zina) zimakhala ndi mafuta ambiri ndi zopweteka, motero siziyenera kuledzera kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga. Koma mutha kumwa zakumwa zakumwa za shuga, kukumbukira kuti zinthu izi zimawonjezera kulemera. Mutha kuwerenga zambiri kuti simungadye ndi kumwa ndi shuga. Pomaliza - gome lothandiza lazinthu zomwe amapeza buledi ndi ufa wa zipatso, zipatso, zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba. Kuwerengera magawo a mkate ndizovuta munthawi yochepa kwambiri. Ambiri odwala matenda ashuga amayesa kuchuluka kwa XE pazogulitsa pamakina, osatengera zolemba ndi zidziwitso phukusi. Izi zimawathandiza kuwerengera molondola mlingo wa insulin komanso kutsatira zakudya zomwe dokotala amafunikira. Ndi shuga 2, komanso mtundu 1, ndikofunikira kuti muzikhala ndi zakudya zoyenera. Mosamala kwambiri, odwala ayenera kugwirizana ndi kuchuluka pakati pazakudya zomwe amapanga zomwe zimalowa m'thupi lawo. Chisamaliro chachikulu chimaperekedwa kwa chakudya chamafuta, chifukwa ndi iwo, ngati adalowetsedwa, omwe amalimbikitsa kupanga shuga, ndiye kuti, amachulukitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga (izi ziyenera kuganiziridwa kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga 1) ndikuthandizira kupanga insulin (yomwe ndi yofunika kwa odwala matenda a shuga 2 mitundu). Chifukwa chake, kumwa kwawo kumalimbikitsidwa kuti kuchepetsedwa, ndipo kuyamwa kwawo m'mimba kuyenera kukhala yunifolomu tsiku lonse. Zofunikira Gawo la mkate mu shuga limangokulolani kudziwa kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamagulu mu chakudya. Kuti mumvetsetse bwino chomwe gawo la mkate ndilofunika, muyenera kupereka chitsanzo. Mwachitsanzo, chokoleti, zomwe zili pafupifupi 5 XE mu bar. Nthawi yomweyo, 65 g mkaka ayisikilimu ndi XE imodzi. Misonkhano yonse imakhala ndi chidendene chimodzi cha mikate yoyera, yolemera 20 g. Ndiye kuti, kuchuluka kapena kulemera kwa chakudya chamafuta omwe amapezeka mu 20 g wa mkate wa tirigu ndi wofanana ndi 1 XE. M'magalamu, izi ndi za 12. Koma uku ndikutanthauzira kwa XE ku Russia. Ku United States, gawoli limatanthauzira chakudya 15.Izi zimapangitsa magawo a mkate mu shuga kukhala njira yosavuta kwambiri yowerengera zakudya zamagulu am'thupi. Zoyipa zamagetsi Kuwerengedwa kwa magawo a mkate mu shuga ndi njira yosasangalatsa komanso yosasangalatsa, ndipo koposa zonse, njira yosadalirika yoyendetsera zakudya. Izi ndichifukwa cha izi: M'mayiko osiyanasiyana, patebulo la anthu odwala matenda ashuga limatha kusiyanasiyana. Izi ndichifukwa choti pali kusiyana pakumapezeka mafuta ochulukirapo a 1 XE m'dziko linalake (kuchokera pa 10 mpaka 15 g). Pazifukwa zomwezo, tebulo la XE lingasiyane pakati pa olemba osiyanasiyana. Zotsatira zake, cholakwika chikhoza kuwonekera kuwerengera, komwe kumabweretsa zotsatira zosasangalatsa zaumoyo, Pakutenga kwa zinthu, zomwe zili m'maderawo zimawonetsedwa m'magalamu (chizindikiro chomwe chikukambidwachi ndichosowa kwambiri ndipo chimangokhala pa chakudya chokha cha matenda ashuga). Ndikosavuta kuzitanthauzira kukhala XE kuti ziwerenge ndipo pali mwayi waukulu wolakwitsa Mukamawerengera izi zikuwonetsa, kuchuluka kwa XE kofunikira kuti munthu azigwiritsa ntchito patsiku kudzakhala kotsika kwambiri, ndikupangitsa kuti mwina zitheke kuwerengera molondola kuchuluka kwa insulin. Ngati izi sizingasokoneze kwambiri shuga ya mtundu 2, ndiye kuti ndi matenda amtundu wa 1 apanga zovuta. Ndiye kuti, musanadye, muyenera kudziwa kaye kuchuluka kwa mikate yophika mkate, kenako kuwerengera insulin. Ndipo ndi zonsezi, kuthekera kwa cholakwika kukadalipobe. Chifukwa chake, odwala ambiri amakana dongosolo lotere, ndipo madokotala sawalimbikitsa kuti agwiritse ntchito. Zakudya zoziziritsa kukhosi
Shuga wokonzedwa *	1 tbsp. supuni popanda slide, 2 tsp	10 g	50
Jam, wokondedwa	1 tbsp. supuni, 2 tsp popanda kutsatira	15 g	50
Shuga wazipatso (fructose)	1 tbsp. supuni	12 g	50
Sorbitol	1 tbsp. supuni	12 g	50
Nandolo (wachikasu ndi zobiriwira, zamzitini komanso zatsopano)	4 tbsp. spoons ndi slide	110 g	75
Nyemba, Nyemba	7-8 Art. spoons	170 g	75
Nyemba (zotsekemera zamzitini)	3 tbsp. spoons ndi slide	70 g	75
- pa chifuwa	0,5 wamkulu	190 g	75
- mbatata zosenda * okonzeka kudya (pamadzi)	2 tbsp. spoons ndi slide	80 g	80
- yokazinga, yokazinga	2-3 tbsp. spoons (ma PC 12.)	35 g	90
Muesli	4 tbsp. spoons okhala ndi pamwamba	15 g	55
Beetroot	110 g	55
Soya ufa	2 tbsp. spoons	20 g
Mphukira za Rutabaga, zofiira ndi Brussels, masamba, tsabola wofiira, zukini, kaloti zosaphika, udzu winawake	240-300 g
Kaloti owiritsa	150-200 g
Apurikoti (wokhala ndi mwala / wopanda miyala)	2-3 sing'anga	130/120 g	50
Quince	1 pc chachikulu	140 g
Chinanazi (ndi peel)	Chidutswa chimodzi chachikulu	90 g	50
Orange (ndi / wopanda peel)	1 sing'anga	180/130 g	55
Chivwende (ndi peel)	1/8 gawo	250 g	55
Banana (ndi / wopanda peel)	1/2 ma PC. kukula kwapakatikati	90/60 g	50
Lingonberry	7 tbsp. spoons	140 g	55
Oldberry	6 tbsp. spoons	170 g	70
Cherry (ndi maenje)	12 yayikulu	110 g	55
Mphesa *	Ma PC 10. kukula kwapakatikati	70-80 g	50
Ngale	1 chaching'ono	90 g	60
Makangaza	1 pc chachikulu	200 g
Chipatso cha mphesa (ndi / wopanda peel)	1/2 ma PC.	200/130 g	50
Guava	80 g	50
Melon "Mtsikana Wogwira Ntchito Pamunda" ndi peel	1/12 gawo	130 g	50
Mabulosi akutchire	9 tbsp. spoons	170 g	70
Sitiroberi wamtchire	8 tbsp. spoons	170 g	60
Nkhuyu (zatsopano)	1 pc chachikulu	90 g	55
Kiwi	1 pc kukula kwapakatikati	120 g	55
Chestnuts	30 g
Strawberry	10 sing'anga	160 g	50
Cranberries	1 mtanga	120 g	55
Jamu	20 ma PC.	140 g	55
Ndimu	150 g
Rabulosi	12 tbsp. spoons	200 g	50
Ma Tangerine (okhala ndi / wopanda peel)	2-3 ma PC. sing'anga kapena 1 yayikulu	160/120 g	55
Mango	1 pc ochepa	90 g	45
Mirabelle	90 g
Papaya	1/2 ma PC.	140 g	50
Nectarine (wokhala ndi fupa / wopanda fupa)	1 pc pafupifupi	100/120 g	50
Peach (ndi mwala / wopanda mwala)	1 pc pafupifupi	140/130 g	50
Ma plums abuluu (wamabowo / wamabowo)	4 pc ochepa	120/110 g	50
Ma plums ofiira	2-3 sing'anga	80 g	50
Currant - chakuda	6 tbsp. spoons	120 g
- zoyera	7 tbsp. spoons	130 g
- ofiira	8 tbsp. spoons	150 g
Feijoa	Ma PC 10 kukula kwapakatikati	160 g
Persimmon	1 pafupifupi	70 g
Cherry Lokoma (wokhala ndi maenje)	Ma PC 10	100 g	55
Blueberries, blueberries	8 tbsp. spoons	170 g	55
Rosehip (zipatso)	60 g
Apple	1 pafupifupi	100 g	60
Zipatso zouma - nthochi	15 g	50
- ma apricots owuma	2 ma PC	20 g	50
- ena onse	20 g	50
100% misuzi yachilengedwe yopanda shuga
- mphesa *	1/3 chikho	70 g
- maula, apulo	1/3 chikho	80 ml
- redcurrant	1/3 chikho	80 g
- chitumbuwa	1/2 chikho	90 g
- lalanje	1/2 chikho	110 g
- chipatso cha mphesa	1/2 chikho	140 g	Pakatikati
- mabulosi akutchire	1/2 chikho	120 g	60
- tangerine	1/2 chikho	130 g
- sitiroberi	2/3 chikho	160 g
- rasipiberi	3/4 chikho	170 g
- phwetekere	1.5 makapu	375 ml
- beetroot, karoti	1 chikho	250 ml
Kvass, mowa	1 chikho	250 ml
Coca-Cola, Pepsi-Cola *	1/2 chikho	100 ml
Ma hamburger apawiri - 3 XE, Big Mac katatu - 1 yaying'ono - 1 XE, pizza (300 g) - 6 XE XE, thumba la fries la french
Nyama, nsomba, tchizi, tchizi tchizi (osati zotsekemera), kirimu wowawasa, mayonesi samawerengeredwa magawo a mkate
- mowa wopanda	Kufikira 0,5 l
- masamba ndi amadyera monga magawo (mpaka 200 g): letesi, nkhaka, parsley, katsabola, anyezi, kolifulawa, kabichi yoyera, radish, radish, turnip, rhubarb, sipinachi, bowa, tomato	Mpaka 200 g	Wapakati 40
Mtedza ndi Mbewu
- mapeyala ndi peel	Ma PC 45.	85 g	375
- walnuts	1/2 basket	90 g	630
- mtedza wa paini	1/2 basket	60 g	410
- ma hazelnuts	1/2 basket	90 g	590
- ma almond	1/2 basket	60 g	385
- Cashew mtedza	3 tbsp. spoons	40 g	240
- mbewu za mpendadzuwa	oposa 50 g	300
- pistachios	1/1 basket	60 g	385

Lingaliro la mkate mkate

Mawu omwe aperekedwa akuyenera kuwonedwa ngati othandiza pakuwongolera glycemic mu matenda monga matenda a shuga. Chiwerengero chowerengedwa cha XE mu shuga kumenya ndi matupi ena).

Ndizofanana ndi magalamu 12 a chakudya, palibe chifukwa choganizira izi. Tiyerekeze, mgawo umodzi wa mkate, wopezeka mu chidutswa chaching'ono cha mkate wa rye, kulemera konse kuli pafupifupi 25-30 magalamu. M'malo mwa mawu oti mkate, mawu oti "carbohydrate unit" nthawi zina amagwiritsidwa ntchito, omwe amafanana ndi magalamu 10-12, omwe amamwa mosavuta ndikuchita insulin.

Ndani amasamala, timawerenga zomwe ma cookie omwe amatha kusamba komanso momwe angaphikire nokha.

Tiyenera kudziwa kuti pazinthu zina zomwe zimakhala ndi chakudya chamagulu ochepa am'mimba (zosakwana magalamu 5 pa magalamu 100 a gawo lomweli), kuchuluka kwa matenda a XE sikofunikira.

Mitundu yamtunduwu yomwe ili yopindulitsa kwa odwala matenda ashuga imaphatikizapo masamba ambiri. Chifukwa chake, kuwerengetsa kwamtundu wa buledi pankhaniyi sikofunikira. Ngati ndi kotheka, timagwiritsa ntchito masikelo kapena timagwiritsa ntchito patebulo lapadera la mkate.

Kukhazikika

Choyamba, ziyenera kudziwidwa kuti pakhala njira yapadera yowerengera yomwe imapangitsa kuwerengera ndikuchita miyezo muzochitika zamtundu uliwonse pamene gulu lazakudya likufuna.

Kutengera momwe thupi limakhalira ndi matenda a shuga, kuchuluka kwa zakudya zomwe zimatengedwa kale komanso kuchuluka kwa mahomoni monga insulin, yofunikira pakukonza kwawo, kumatha kusiyanasiyana.

Tiyerekeze kuti zakudya patsiku zili ndi magalamu 300 a chakudya m'magulu ake, ndiye kuti izi zitha kupita molingana ndi 25 XE. Kuphatikiza apo, pali mitundu yonse ya matebulo omwe kuwerengera chizindikiro ichi si kovuta.

Chachikulu ndichakuti miyezo yonse ndi yolondola momwe mungathere.

Kuti muchite izi, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito masikelo apadera kuti muwerenge kuchuluka kwa malonda ndipo potengera izi, onani kuti mkate wake ndi chiyani.

Kuphatikiza kwa menyu

Chosangalatsa kwambiri chimayamba pomwe muyenera kupanga menyu kuchokera pazomwe zimadziwika pazinthu zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a shuga. Momwe mungawerengere bwino zowonetsera zina zonse - zambiri zimatayika, koma zonse ndizosavuta. Chachikulu ndichakuti masikelo apadera ndi gome la magawo a mkate zilipo. Chifukwa chake, malamulo oyambira ndi awa:

• mu shuga mellitus, ndikofunikira kuti musadye mopitilira asanu ndi awiri a XE pachakudya chonse. Poterepa, insulin idzapangidwa pamlingo woyenera kwambiri,
• kumwa XE kokha kumawonjezera kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, monga lamulo, mwa ndendende ndi 2.5 mmol pa lita. Zimapangitsa miyeso kukhala yosavuta
• gawo limodzi la mahomoni otere limachepetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi pafupifupi 2.2 mmol pa lita. Komabe, gwiritsani ntchito ndikukumbukira kuti pali tebulo la chakudya chofunikira tsiku lililonse.

Tiyeneranso kukumbukiranso kuti kwa XE imodzi, yomwe iyenera kuganiziridwa, nthawi zosiyanasiyana masana kapena usiku, mulingo woyenera wa mulingo wina uyenera. Tiyerekeze, m'mawa, gawo limodzi loterolo lingafunike inshuwaransi iwiri, masana - imodzi ndi theka, ndipo madzulo - imodzi yokha.

Zokhudza Magulu Aogulitsa

Ndikofunikira kukhalira payokha pamagulu ena a zinthu zomwe zimathandizira pakuthandizira matenda omwe aperekedwa ndikuwonetsetsa kuti maholide azitha kuwongolera. Mwachitsanzo, zinthu zamkaka, zomwe sizimangokhala calcium zokha, komanso mapuloteni azamasamba.

Mwakuperewera, amakhala ndi mavitamini pafupifupi onse, ndipo koposa onse omwe ali m'magulu A ndi B2. Kutsatira kwambiri zakudya za anthu odwala matenda ashuga, ndikofunikira kuyang'ana kwambiri zamkaka ndi mkaka zomwe zimakhala ndi mafuta ochepa, zomwe sizifunika kuganiziridwa. Ndipo zidzakhala zolondola kwambiri kusiya zonse zotchedwa mkaka wonse.

Zinthu zokhudzana ndi chimanga, mwachitsanzo, kuchokera kumzere wonse, zimakhala ndi mafuta, barele, mapira ndipo zimadziwika ndi kuchuluka kwambiri kwa chakudya chamagulu ambiri.Pankhaniyi, ndikofunikira kuwaganizira XE.

Komabe, kupezeka kwawo pamndandanda wa anthu odwala matenda ashuga kumafunikirabe, chifukwa kumapangitsa kuti shuga asamayang'anidwe. Kuti zoterezi zisakhale zovulaza, muyenera:

1. Mankhwala a shuga a magazi musanadye chakudya chilichonse,
2. osatero, osapitilira muyeso wofunidwa wolandila wina wa zinthu zotere.

Ndipo pamapeto pake, chidwi chachikulu chimaperekedwa ku gulu la zinthu monga masamba, nyemba ndi mtedza. Amakhala ndi zotsatira zabwino ndikuwongolera kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Komanso, masamba, mtedza ndi nyemba zimachepetsa chiopsezo cha zovuta zosiyanasiyana, mwachitsanzo, pakupanga kwamatenda amtima.

Werengani za quince kwa odwala matenda ashuga!

Komanso, zinthu izi, zomwe ziyenera kuganiziridwanso, zimakhudza kupindulitsa kwa thupi mu shuga ndi zinthu zina monga calcium, fiber komanso mapuloteni. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kutenga chizolowezi monga chizolowezi: monga mtundu wa "zosakudya" kudya masamba osaphika.

Ndikofunika kuyesa kusankha masamba okhaokha okhala ndi chisonyezo chotsika cha glycemic ndikuwachepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito masamba omwe amawoneka kuti ndi otupa. Ndikofunika kuchita izi ndi matenda ashuga chifukwa ndi momwe zimakhalira kuti ma calories ambiri ndi zakudya zamafuta ambiri.

Chifukwa chake, lingaliro la gawo la mkate ndilofunika osati kwa odwala matenda ashuga okha, komanso kwa anthu wamba.

Komabe, pankhani ya matenda ashuga, kusamalira ndikulingalira gawo lomwe lasonyezedwalo ndikofunika kwambiri kuti mukhale ndi moyo wabwino komanso wosasintha. Chifukwa chake zimayenera kusungidwa nthawi zonse.

Mndandanda wa momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito zigawo za mkate patsiku

Zosangalatsa	Ma mkate Bread (XE)
Anthu ogwira ntchito zolimbitsa thupi kwambiri kapena osachepera thupi	25-30 XE
Anthu omwe ali ndi thupi lozama olimbitsa thupi	20-22 XE
Anthu okhala ndi thupi lozolimbitsa thupi kugwira ntchito yokhala	15-18 XE
Matenda a shuga: okalamba kuposa zaka 50,	12-14 XE
Anthu onenepa kwambiri a 2A degree (BMI = 30-34.9 kg / m2) zaka 50, wolimbitsa thupi, BMI = 25-29.9 kg / m2	10 XE
Anthu onenepa kwambiri 2B degree (BMI 35 kg / m2 kapena kuposa)	6-8 XE

Momwe mungawerengere zigawo za mkate

Mukamagula chinthu chomwe chili mmatolo, mumafunikira chakudya chambiri pa 100 g, chosonyezedwa kulembedwapo magawo 12. Umu ndi momwe magawo a mkate a shuga amawerengedwa, ndipo gome lithandizanso.

Pazakudya zambiri za carbohydrate ndi 280 g patsiku. Izi ndi pafupi 23 XE. Kulemera kwazinthu kumawerengeredwa ndi diso. Zopatsa mphamvu za kalori sizimakhudza zomwe zili zamagulu amtundu wa mkate.

Tsiku lonse, kugawanitsa 1 XE kumafuna insulini yosiyanasiyana:

• m'mawa - 2 mayunitsi,
• pa nkhomaliro - 1.5 magawo,
• madzulo - 1 unit.

Kuledzera kwa insulin kumatengera thupi, zochitika zolimbitsa thupi, zaka komanso chidwi chamunthu payekha mahomoni.

Kodi chosowa tsiku ndi tsiku cha XE ndi chiani?

Mtundu woyamba wa matenda ashuga, kapamba satulutsa insulin yokwanira kugwetsa chakudya. Mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga, kusowa kwa insulin komwe kumachitika.

Matenda a gestational amapezeka nthawi yomwe ali ndi pakati chifukwa cha zovuta za metabolic. Imasowa pambuyo pobala.

Mosasamala mtundu wa shuga, odwala ayenera kutsatira zakudya. Kuti mupeze kuchuluka kwa chakudya chomwe mumadya, magawo a mkate amagwiritsidwa ntchito masiku a shuga.

Anthu omwe ali ndi zochitika zosiyanasiyana zolimbitsa thupi amafunikira kuchuluka kwamphamvu tsiku ndi tsiku.

Mndandanda wazakudya zamasiku onse za chakudya cha anthu osiyanasiyana amitundu mitundu

Mlingo wa tsiku ndi tsiku wa XE uyenera kugawidwa m'magawo 6. Zofunika zitatu izi:

• kadzutsa - mpaka 6 XE,
• tiyi wamadzulo - osapitirira 6 XE,
• chakudya chamadzulo - zosakwana 4 XE.

XE yotsalayi imagawidwa kwa zodyera pakati. Zambiri mwazolemetsa wamafuta zimagwera pa zakudya zoyambirira. Sikulimbikitsidwa kuti muzidya zinthu zopitilira 7 nthawi imodzi.Kudya kwambiri kwa XE kumabweretsa kulumpha lakuthwa mu shuga. Zakudya zoyenera zimakhala ndi 15-20 XE. Uwu ndiye chakudya choyenera chambiri chomwe chimakwaniritsa tsiku lililonse.

Magawo a mkate

Mtundu wachiwiri wa shuga umadziwika ndi kudziunjikira kwamphamvu kwamafuta. Chifukwa chake, kuwerengetsa kwa kudya kwa carbohydrate nthawi zambiri kumafuna kuti pakhale chakudya chamagulu ochepa. Kudya kwa tsiku ndi tsiku kwa XE kumachokera pa 17 mpaka 28.

Zinthu monga mkaka, chimanga, masamba ndi zipatso, komanso maswiti, zimatha kudyedwa pang'ono.

Kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamafuta kumayenera kukhala chakudya kuyenera kukhala masamba, ufa ndi zinthu zamkaka. Zipatso ndi maswiti zimaposa zosaposa 2 XE patsiku.

Gome lokhala ndi zakudya zomwe zimadyedwa nthawi zambiri komanso zomwe zili mumagulu a mikate zimayenera kusungidwa nthawi zonse.

Gome la zopangidwa zamkaka zovomerezeka

Zamkaka zimathandizira njira zama metabolic, zimakhutitsa thupi ndi michere, kukhalabe ndi shuga.

Mndandanda wazogulitsa zamkaka	Kodi 1 XE ikufanana bwanji?
Pachaka mkaka wophika	galasi losakwanira
Kefir	galasi yathunthu
Acidophilus wokoma	theka lagalasi
Kirimu	galasi losakwanira
Yogulitsa zipatso zokoma	zosaposa 70 ml
Yogati yopanda tanthauzo	galasi yathunthu
Yoghur	kapu
Ice cream mugalasi	osaposa 1 kutumikirako
Lokoma curd wopanda zoumba	100 magalamu
Lokoma curd ndi zoumba	pafupifupi 40 g
Mkaka wopanda shuga mkaka	palibe zoposa gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a zotheka
Mwana tchizi chokoleti	theka tchizi

Mafuta omwe amapezeka mkaka omwe agwiritsidwa ntchito sayenera kupitilira 20%. Zakudya za tsiku ndi tsiku - zosaposa theka la lita.

Mbewu ndi zipatso za phala

Zakudya zamagetsi zimayambitsa zovuta zamankhwala. Amathandizira ubongo, minofu, ndi ziwalo. Kwa tsiku silikulimbikitsidwa kudya magalamu oposa 120 a ufa.

Kugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri ufa kumayambitsa zovuta za matenda ashuga.

Gome Latebulo (XE)

Munthu nthawi zambiri amafunikira magawo 18-18 a mkate patsiku, omwe amayenera kugawidwa 5-6 zakudya : chakudya cham'mawa, nkhomaliro ndi chakudya chamadzulo muyenera kudya mayunitsi atatu, tiyi wamadzulo - 1-2 mayunitsi.

Pa chakudya chimodzi chimodzi simungathe kudya zoposa 7 XE. Gawo lalikulu la zakudya zophatikiza ndi zakudya ziyenera kudyedwa asanadutse 12 koloko.

Magawo a mkate mumkaka

Zogulitsa	Kuchuluka kwa malonda mu 1 XE
mkaka (chilichonse chamafuta)	Chikho chimodzi (250ml)
kefir (zilizonse zamafuta)	Chikho chimodzi (250ml)
yogati (chilichonse chamafuta)	Chikho chimodzi (250ml)
yogati (chilichonse chamafuta)	Chikho chimodzi (250ml)
zonona (zilizonse zamafuta)	Chikho chimodzi (250ml)
wokometsedwa mkaka	110 ml
curd ndi zoumba	40 magalamu
curd lokoma misa	100 magalamu
ayisikilimu	65 magalamu
tchizi	1 sing'anga
dumplings ndi kanyumba tchizi	2-4 ma PC

Tebulo yovomerezeka ndi shuga

Masamba ndimalo opanga mavitamini ndi antioxidants. Amasunga redox moyenera, komanso amateteza kupezeka kwa zovuta za shuga. CHIKWANGWANI chomera chimasokoneza mayamwidwe a shuga.

Kutentha kwamasamba kumachulukitsa index. Muyenera kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa kaloti owiritsa ndi beets. Zakudya izi zimakhala ndi kuchuluka kwa mkate.

Mndandanda wa zipatso zololedwa za shuga

Zipatso zatsopano zimakhala ndi mavitamini, mchere ndi mchere. Amakwaniritsa thupi ndi zinthu zofunika zomwe zimathandizira kagayidwe kazinthu zazikulu.

Masamba ochulukirapo amalimbikitsa kutulutsa kwa insulin ndi kapamba, kukhazikika m'magazi a shuga.

Gome la zipatso

Kuphatikizidwa kwa zipatso kumaphatikizapo michere yazomera, mavitamini ndi michere. Zimapangitsa kuti matumbo asamayende, kusinthasintha kwa dongosolo la enzyme.

Mndandanda wazipatso	Kuchuluka kwa malonda mu 1 XE
Apricots	4 zipatso zazing'onoting'ono
Cherry maula	pafupifupi zipatso 4 zapakatikati
Plums	4 ma plums abuluu
Mapeyala	1 ngale yaying'ono
Maapulo	1 apulo wokulirapo
Banana	theka la zipatso zazing'ono
Malalanje	1 lalanje
Cherry	15 yamatcheri ak kucha
Ma grenade	1 zipatso zapakatikati
Ma tangerine	3 zipatso zosavomerezeka
Ananazi	1 gawo
Peach	Chipatso 1 chakupsa
Persimmon	1 Persimon yaying'ono
Amatcheri okoma	10 yamatcheri ofiira
Feijoa	10 zidutswa

Ngati ndi kotheka, maswiti ayenera kupewedwa. Ngakhale zochepa zomwe zimapangidwazo zimakhala ndi mafuta ambiri. Gulu lazogulitsa sizimabweretsa zabwino.

Ndikofunika kuti musagwiritse ntchito zakudya yokazinga, zosuta komanso zamafuta. Muli mafuta achilengedwe ambiri, omwe ndi ovuta kuwaphwanya komanso ovuta kuwamwa.

Zakudya zovomerezeka ndi matenda a shuga

Maziko azakudya za tsiku ndi tsiku ayenera kukhala zakudya zomwe zimakhala ndi XE yaying'ono. Pazakudya za tsiku ndi tsiku, gawo lawo ndi 60%. Izi ndi monga:

• nyama yokhala ndi mafuta ochepa (nkhuku yophika ndi ng'ombe),
• nsomba
• dzira la nkhuku
• zukini
• radishi
• radishi
• masamba letesi
• amadyera (katsabola, parsley),
• nati imodzi
• belu tsabola
• biringanya
• nkhaka
• Tomato
• bowa
• madzi amchere.

Odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga amafunika kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa nsomba zotsamira mpaka katatu pa sabata. Nsomba zimakhala ndi mapuloteni komanso mafuta achilengedwe omwe amachepetsa cholesterol. Izi zimachepetsa chiopsezo cha kukhala ndi stroko, kugunda kwa mtima, thromboembolism.

Mukamalemba zakudya zatsiku ndi tsiku, zomwe zimatsitsidwa ndimatenda omwe amachepetsa shuga mu zakudya zimatengedwa. Zakudya izi ndi monga:

Zakudya za nyama zimakhala ndi mapuloteni komanso michere yofunika. Mulibe mkate Kufikira 200 g nyama ndikulimbikitsidwa patsiku. Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito mu mbale zosiyanasiyana. Izi zimaganiziranso zinthu zina zomwe ndi mbali yaphikidwe.

Zakudya zokhala ndi index yotsika ya glycemic sizivulaza thanzi ndipo zimadzaza thupi ndi mavitamini ndi michere. Kugwiritsa ntchito zakudya zomwe zili ndi XE yotsika kungathandize kuti pasakhale shuga, zomwe zimalepheretsa zovuta zama metabolic.

Kodi mkate ndi chiyani ndipo umayambitsidwa chifukwa chiyani?

Kuti muwerenge kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamafuta, pali gawo lapadera - gawo la mkate (XE). Kuchita kwake kudakhala ndi dzina chifukwa kagawo ka buledi wabulawuni adayamba kuyambirako - kagawo ka "njerwa" kudula pakati pafupifupi 1 cm. Danga ili (kulemera kwake ndi 25 g) lili ndi magalamu 12 a digestible. Malinga ndi ichi, 1XE ndi 12 g wamafuta okhala ndi fiber fiber (fiber), yophatikizika. Ngati fiber siyiwerengedwa, ndiye kuti 1XE imakhala ndi 10 g yamafuta. Pali maiko ena, mwachitsanzo USA, pomwe 1XE ili 15 g yamafuta.

Muthanso kupeza dzina lina la mkate - chakudya chamagulu, wowuma.

Kufunika kwa kusintha kwa kuchuluka kwa mafuta m'zinthu zomwe zimapangidwira kunayamba chifukwa chakuyenera kuwerengera kuchuluka kwa insulin yomwe imaperekedwa kwa wodwala, yomwe imadalira mwachindunji ndi kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamafuta. Izi zimakhudza kwambiri odwala matenda ashuga omwe amadalira insulin, i.e., mitundu ya 1 odwala matenda ashuga amatenga insulin tsiku lililonse musanadye 4-5 pa tsiku.

Zinakhazikitsidwa kuti kugwiritsa ntchito mkate umodzi kumabweretsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi ndi 1.7-2.2 mmol / l. Kuti mubweretse kudumpha kumene muyenera mayunitsi 1 mpaka 4. insulin kutengera thupi. Pokhala ndi chidziwitso cha kuchuluka kwa XE m'mbale, wodwala matenda ashuga amatha kuwerengetsa kuchuluka kwa insulin yomwe amafunika kubaya kuti chakudya chisayambitse zovuta. Kuchuluka kwa mahomoni ofunikira, kuwonjezera, zimatengera nthawi ya tsiku. M'mawa, zimatha kutenga kawiri kuposa momwe zimakhalira madzulo.

Kwa odwala matenda a shuga mellitus, osati kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamagulu m'zakudya zomwe amadya ndikofunikira, komanso nthawi yanthawi yomwe zinthu izi zimasokoneza glucose ndikulowa m'magazi. Gawo la kuchuluka kwa glucose mutatha kudya chinthu china chimatchedwa glycemic index (GI).

Zakudya zokhala ndi index yayikulu ya glycemic (maswiti) zimayambitsa kusintha kwakukulu kwa chakudya chamthupi kukhala glucose, m'mitsempha yamagazi amapanga kuchuluka kwakukulu ndikupanga kuchuluka kwambiri.Ngati zinthu zokhala ndi index yotsika ya glycemic (masamba) zilowa m'thupi, magazi amakhala ndi shuga pang'onopang'ono, spikes pamlingo wake mukatha kudya ndi ofooka.

Kodi angachite bwanji?

Kuyeza chakudya nthawi iliyonse sikofunikira! Asayansi adaphunzira zomwe adapanga ndikupanga tebulo la zakudya kapena Bread Units - XE mwa iwo anthu odwala matenda ashuga.

Kwa 1 XE, kuchuluka kwa mankhwala omwe ali ndi 10 g yamafuta amoto amatengedwa. Mwanjira ina, malinga ndi dongosolo la XE, zinthu zomwe zimachokera pagulu zomwe zimawonjezera kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi zimawerengedwa

Zakudya (buledi, buluwisi, oats, mapira, barele, mpunga, pasitala, Zakudyazi),
zipatso ndi misuzi yazipatso,
mkaka, kefir ndi mafuta ena mkaka (kupatula tchizi chamafuta ochepa),
komanso masamba osiyanasiyana - mbatata, chimanga (nyemba ndi nandolo - zochuluka).
koma, chokoleti, ma cookie, maswiti - okhala ndi zochepa muzakudya za tsiku ndi tsiku, mandimu ndi shuga wowona - ziyenera kukhala zochepa pazakudya ndikugwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha ngati hypoglycemia (kutsitsa shuga).

Mlingo wa zofunikira pokonzanso umakhudzanso misempha yamagazi. Chifukwa chake, mwachitsanzo, mbatata zosenda zidzakulitsa magazi mwachangu kuposa mbatata yophika kapena yokazinga. Madzi a apulo amapereka msanga wamagazi kwambiri poyerekeza ndi apulo yemwe wadyedwa, komanso mpunga wopukutidwa kuposa wosapukutidwa. Mafuta ndi zakudya zozizira zimachepetsa kuyamwa kwa glucose, ndipo mchere umathamanga.

Kuti mulembetse zakudyazo, pali magome ena apadera a Bread Units, omwe amapereka zambiri za kuchuluka kwa zophatikizira zama carbo okhala ndi 1 XE (ndikupatsani pansipa).

Ndikofunika kwambiri kuphunzira momwe mungadziwire kuchuluka kwa XE muzakudya zomwe mumadya!

Pali zinthu zingapo zomwe sizikukukhudzani shuga:

awa ndi masamba - kabichi yamtundu uliwonse, radishi, kaloti, tomato, nkhaka, tsabola wofiira ndi wobiriwira (kupatula mbatata ndi chimanga),

amadyera (sorelo, katsabola, parsley, letesi, etc.), bowa,

batala ndi mafuta a masamba, mayonesi ndi mafuta anyama,

komanso nsomba, nyama, nkhuku, mazira ndi zinthu zawo, tchizi ndi tchizi chanyumba,

mtedza pang'ono (mpaka 50 g).

Kukwera kochepa kwa shuga kumapereka nyemba, nandolo ndi nyemba pang'ono podyera mbali (mpaka 7 tbsp. L)

Kodi ayenera kudya zakudya zingati masana?

Payenera kukhala zakudya zazikulu zitatu, komanso zakudya zapakatikati, zotsekemera kuchokera ku 1 mpaka 3, i.e. Pakazaka, pakhoza kukhala zakudya 6. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito ma insulin a ultrashort (Novorapid, Humalog), kuwombera ndikotheka. Izi ndizovomerezeka ngati palibe hypoglycemia mukadumula snack (kutsitsa magazi).

Pofuna kuphatikiza kuchuluka kwa chakudya chambiri cham'mimba chokhala ndi insulin yovomerezeka,

dongosolo lokhazikitsidwa mkate

Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kubwerera ku mutu wa "Zakudya Zabwino", kuwerengera zopatsa mphamvu za tsiku ndi tsiku zomwe mumadya, mutatenga 55 kapena 60% yake, dziwani kuchuluka kwa kilocalories omwe amayenera kubwera ndi chakudya.
Kenako, pogawa mtengowu ndi 4 (popeza 1 g yamakanizo amapereka 4 kcal), timapeza kuchuluka kwa tsiku ndi tsiku m'magalamu. Podziwa kuti 1 XE ndi ofanana ndi magalamu 10 a chakudya, gawani kuchuluka kwa chakudya tsiku ndi 10 ndikupeza kuchuluka kwa XE tsiku lililonse.

Mwachitsanzo, ngati ndinu bambo komanso wogwira ntchito kumalo opanga, ndiye kuti zopatsa mphamvu zanu za tsiku ndi tsiku ndi 1800 kcal,

60% yake ndi 1080 kcal. Kugawa 1080 kcal mu 4 kcal, timapeza 270 magalamu a chakudya.

Kugawa magalamu 270 ndi magalamu 12, timapeza 22,5 XE.

Kwa mkazi yemwe amagwira ntchito yolimbitsa thupi - 1200 - 60% = 720: 4 = 180: 12 = 15 XE

Muyeso wa mkazi wachikulire komanso osalemera ndiye 12 XE. Chakudya cham'mawa - 3XE, nkhomaliro - 3XE, chakudya chamadzulo - 3XE komanso zokhwasula-khwasula 1 XE

Momwe mungagawire maguluwa tsiku lonse?

Popeza kukhalapo kwa zakudya zazikulu zitatu (kadzutsa, nkhomaliro ndi chakudya chamadzulo), kuchuluka kwa chakudya kwamoto kuyenera kugawidwa pakati pawo,

poganizira mfundo za zakudya zopatsa thanzi (zambiri m'mawa, zochepa madzulo)

ndipo, chabwino, kupatsidwa chidwi chanu.

Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti pakudya kamodzi sikulimbikitsidwa kudya oposa 7 XE, popeza chakudya chamagulu ambiri omwe mumadya pachakudya chimodzi, chiwopsezo chachikulu cha glycemia ndi kuchuluka kwa insulin yochepa kumakulirakulira.

Ndipo mlingo waifupi, "chakudya", insulin, womwe umayendetsedwa kamodzi, sayenera kupitirira magawo 14.

Chifukwa chake kufalikira kwamphamvu zamafuta pakati pa zakudya zazikulu kungakhale motere:

• 3 XE pa kadzutsa (mwachitsanzo, oatmeal - supuni 4 (2 XE), sangweji yophika tchizi kapena nyama (1 XE), tchizi chosawoneka bwino cha tiyi ndi tiyi wobiriwira kapena khofi wokhala ndi zotsekemera).
• Chakudya chamasana - 3 XE: msuzi wa kabichi ndi wowawasa wowawasa (osawerengeka ndi XE) ndi kagawo 1 ka mkate (1 XE), nyama ya nkhumba kapena nsomba ndi masamba saladi mu masamba mafuta, wopanda mbatata, chimanga ndi nyemba (zosawerengeka ndi XE), mbatata yosenda - supuni 4 (2 XE), kapu yamitundu yopanda zipatso
• Chakudya chamadzulo - 3 XE: masamba omelet a mazira atatu ndi tomato 2 (osawerengeka ndi XE) ndi kagawo 1 ka mkate (1 XE), yogurt yokoma 1 galasi (2 XE).

Chifukwa chake, kwathunthu timapeza 9 XE. "Ndipo ma XE ena atatu ali kuti?" Mukufunsa.

XE yotsalira imatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pazomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pazakudya pakati pa chakudya chachikulu ndi usiku. Mwachitsanzo, 2 XE mu mawonekedwe a nthochi imodzi imatha kudyedwa maola 2,5 mutatha kudya kadzutsa, 1 XE mu mawonekedwe a apulo - maola 2,5 pambuyo pa nkhomaliro ndi 1 XE usiku, pa 22.00, mukabayidwa insulin yanu yayitali .

Kupuma pakati pa kadzutsa ndi nkhomaliro iyenera kukhala maola 5, komanso pakati pa nkhomaliro ndi chakudya chamadzulo.

Pambuyo pa chakudya chachikulu, pakatha maola 2,5 payenera kukhala pang'onopang'ono = 1 XE

Kodi zakudya zapakatikati komanso kukakamizidwa usiku wonse ndizovomerezeka kwa anthu onse omwe amapaka insulin?

Zosafunika kwa aliyense. Chilichonse ndi payekha ndipo zimatengera dongosolo lanu la insulin. Nthawi zambiri munthu amakumana ndi zoterezi pomwe anthu amakhala ndi chakudya cham'mawa chokwanira kapena nkhomaliro ndipo sankafuna kudya nthawi yonse ya 3 maola atatha kudya, koma, pokumbukira malingaliro omwe anali nawo kuti azikhala ndi chakudya nthawi ya 11.00 ndi 16.00, "amakankha" XE mwa iwo okha ndikupeza kuchuluka kwa shuga.

Zakudya zapakati pamafunika kwa iwo omwe ali pachiwopsezo cha hypoglycemia patatha maola atatu atatha kudya. Nthawi zambiri izi zimachitika, kuphatikiza insulin yochepa, insulin yayitali, ndikulowerera kwambiri, nthawi zambiri hypoglycemia imakhalapo panthawiyi (nthawi yogawa mphamvu yayikulu ya insulin komanso kuyambika kwa insulin yayitali.

Pambuyo pa nkhomaliro, nthawi yayitali insulin ikayamba kugwira ntchito ndipo imayatsidwa pamtundu wa insulin yochepa, yomwe imayendetsedwa musanadye nkhomaliro, mwayi wa hypoglycemia umakulanso ndipo 1-2 XE ndi yofunikira popewa. Usiku, pa 22-23.00, mukamapereka insulin yayitali, muzimeza pang'ono muyezo wa 1-2 XE (pang'onopang'ono m'mimba ) popewa kuchepa kwa hypoglycemia ngati glycemia panthawiyi ndi ochepera 6.3 mmol / l.

Ndi glycemia pamtunda wa 6.5-7.0 mmol / L, kusakudya usiku kumatha kuyambitsa hyperglycemia ya m'mawa, chifukwa sipadzakhala insulin yokwanira usiku.
Zakudya zapakatikati zopangidwira kupewa hypoglycemia masana ndi usiku siziyenera kupitirira 1-2 XE, apo ayi mudzapeza hyperglycemia m'malo mwa hypoglycemia.
Pazakudya zapakatikati zotengedwa ngati njira yotsatsira mu kuchuluka kwa osaposa 1-2 XE, insulin sikuti imayendetsedwa.

Zambiri zimayankhulidwa pokhudza mkate.
Koma chifukwa chiyani mukuyenera kuwawerenga? Taganizirani chitsanzo ichi.

Tiyerekeze kuti muli ndi mita ya glucose ndipo mumayeza glycemia musanadye. Mwachitsanzo, inu, monga nthawi zonse, mumaba jakisoni magawo 12 a insulin yomwe adokotala adatipatsa, mumadya mbale yophika ndikumwa kapu ya mkaka. Dzulo nawenso mudapereka mlingo womwewo ndikudya phala yomweyo ndikumwa mkaka womwewo, mawa muyenera kuchita zomwezo.

Chifukwa chiyani? Chifukwa mukangopatuka pa zomwe mumadya, zakudya zanu za glycemia zimasintha nthawi yomweyo, ndipo sizabwino.Ngati ndinu munthu wodziwa kuwerenga komanso wodziwa kuwerengera XE, ndiye kuti kusintha kwa kadyedwe sikokuopsa kwa inu. Kudziwa kuti pa 1 XE pali avareji ya 2 PIECES ya insulin yochepa ndikuti muwerenge momwe mungawerengere XE, mutha kusintha mawonekedwe ake pazakudya, chifukwa chake, mlingo wa insulin momwe mukuwonera, popanda kusiya chindapusa cha shuga. Izi zikutanthauza kuti lero mutha kudya phala ya 4 XE (supuni 8), magawo awiri a buledi (2 XE) ndi tchizi kapena nyama pakudya m'mawa ndikungowonjezera insulin yochepa pa 6 XE 12yi ndikupeza zotsatira zabwino za glycemic.

Mawa m'mawa, ngati mulibe chikondwerero, mutha kudzipereka ndi kapu ya tiyi ndi masangweji awiri (2 XE) ndikulowetsani magawo 4 a insulin yochepa, ndipo nthawi yomweyo mupeze zotsatira zabwino za glycemic. Ndiko kuti, dongosolo lama mkate limathandizira kubaya ndendende kwakanthawi kochepa monga momwe amafunikira kuyamwa kwa zakudya zamafuta, osatinso (omwe amadzala ndi hypoglycemia) komanso osachepera (omwe ali ndi vuto la hyperglycemia), ndikusunga chindalama chabwino cha shuga.

Zakudya zomwe zimatha kudya popanda zoletsa

masamba onse kupatula mbatata ndi chimanga

- kabichi (mitundu yonse)
- nkhaka
- tsamba letesi
- amadyera
- tomato
- tsabola
- zukini
- biringanya
- beets
- kaloti
- nyemba zobiriwira
- radish, radish, turnip - nandolo wobiriwira (achichepere)
- sipinachi, sorelo
- bowa
- tiyi, khofi wopanda shuga ndi zonona
- madzi amchere
- zakumwa zakumwa za shuga

Zamasamba zimatha kudyedwa zosaphika, zophika, zophika, kuzifutsa.

Kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta (mafuta, mayonesi, kirimu wowawasa) pakukonzekera masamba azikhala kuyenera kukhala kochepa.

Zakudya zomwe zimayenera kudyedwa pang'ono

- nyama yokonda
- nsomba zamafuta ochepa
- mkaka ndi mkaka (mafuta ochepa)
- tchizi zosakwana 30% mafuta
- kanyumba tchizi osakwana 5% mafuta
- mbatata
- chimanga
- nyemba zopsa (nandolo, nyemba, mphodza)
- mbewu
- pasitala
- buledi ndi makeke (osati olemera)

"Wofatsa" amatanthauza theka la ntchito zanu zokhazikika

Zogulitsa kuti zizikasiyidwa kapena kuchepetsedwa momwe zingathere

- batala
- masamba mafuta *
- mafuta
- wowawasa zonona, zonona
- tchizi zoposa 30% mafuta
- tchizi tchizi oposa 5% mafuta
- mayonesi
- nyama yamafuta, mafuta osuta
- masoseji
- nsomba zamafuta
- khungu la mbalame
- nyama zamzitini, nsomba ndi masamba mumafuta
- mtedza, mbewu
- shuga, wokondedwa
- kupanikizana, kupanikizana
- maswiti, chokoleti
- makeke, makeke ndi confectionery ena
- makeke, makeke
- ayisikilimu
- zakumwa zotsekemera (Coca-Cola, Fanta)
- zakumwa zoledzeretsa

Ngati ndi kotheka, njira yophika monga yokazinga siyiyenera kuyikitsidwa.
Yesani kugwiritsa ntchito mbale zomwe zimakulolani kuphika popanda kuwonjezera mafuta.

* - Mafuta a masamba ndi gawo lofunikira mu zakudya za tsiku ndi tsiku, komabe, ndizokwanira kugwiritsa ntchito pazochepa kwambiri.

Gulu la mkate ndi lingaliro lomwe limayambitsidwa mu endocrinology pakuwerengedwa kolondola kwa chakudya ndi mlingo wa insulin kwa wodwala. 1 mkate mkate ndi wofanana 12 magalamu a chakudya ndipo pamafunika magawo 1-4 a insulin chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwake.

Matenda a shuga ndi matenda amtundu wa endocrine omwe amayamba chifukwa cha kupindika kwa shuga. Mukamawerengera zakudya zamafuta, ndiye kuchuluka kwa chakudya chambiri chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito chomwe chimaganiziridwa. Pakuwerengera katundu wazakudya zamafuta, magawo a mkate amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa matenda ashuga.

Pomaliza

Kuwerengera koyenera kwa matenda ashuga kumalepheretsa kukula kwa zovuta zazikulu. Kuti muwerenge zakumwa zamasiku onse za mkate, ndikofunikira kukhala ndi kakalata ndikulemba zakudya. Kutengera izi, adotolo amakupatsani mankhwala ochepetsa insulin. Mlingo amasankhidwa payekha motsogozedwa ndi magazi a glycemia.

Mutha kukhala ndi chidwi.

Mawu akale akuti "odalira insulin" komanso "matenda a insulin-odziimira" a World Health Organisation adaganiza kuti asagwiritsenso ntchito chifukwa chosiyana mu kapangidwe ka chitukuko cha izi matenda awiri osiyana ndikuwonetsera kwawo payekha, komanso kuti panthawi inayake m'moyo wa wodwala, kusintha kuchokera ku fomu yodalira insulini kupita ku fomu yodalira insulini komanso kuyendetsedwedwa kwa jakisoni wa timadzi timeneti timene timachitika.

Zolemba za matenda a shuga II

Milandu ya kusokonezeka kwa kagayidwe kazakudya ka michere imaphatikizidwanso ndi T2DM, limodzi ndi zonse ziwiri zotchulidwa za insulin (zovuta zowonongeka za insulin yamkati kapena yakunja pamatumbo) ndikuwonongeka kwa insulin yawo mosiyanasiyana. Matendawa amakula, monga lamulo, pang'onopang'ono, ndipo mu 85% ya milandu imatengedwa kuchokera kwa makolo. Ndi katundu wobadwa nawo, anthu azaka zopitilira 50 amadwala ndi T2DM posakhalitsa.

Kuwonetsedwa kwa T2DM kumathandizira kunenepa , makamaka pamimba, wokhala ndi mafuta ochulukirapo (a mkati), osati mafuta onyozeka.

Ubwenzi wapakati pa mitundu iwiri iyi ya kudzikundikira kwamafuta m'thupi ukhoza kuwonekera poyesedwa ndi bio-impedance m'malo apadera, kapena (moyerekeza kwambiri) owerengera mafuta m'miyezo yanyumba ndi ntchito yoyerekeza kuchuluka kwamafuta a visceral.

Mu T2DM, thupi la munthu wonenepa, pofuna kuthana ndi insulin kukana, amakakamizidwa kusunga insulin yambiri m'magazi poyerekeza ndi yabwinobwino, zomwe zimapangitsa kutsika kwa mapangidwe a pancreatic popanga insulin. Kukana kwa insulini kumapangitsa kuti mafuta azikhala ochepa komanso osakwanira.

Pachigawo choyambirira cha T2DM, njirayi imasinthidwanso ndikuwongolera zakudya komanso kuyambitsa zochitika zolimbitsa thupi pazowonjezera (kufikira mulingo woyambira kagayidwe kake komanso ntchito yanthawi zonse).

• kuyenda 8 km
• Kuyenda ma Nordic 6 km
• kuthamangira 4 km.

Kuchuluka kwa chakudya chochuluka ndi mtundu wa shuga II

Njira yayikulu yazakudya zopatsa thanzi mu T2DM ndikuchepetsa kusokonezeka kwa kagayidwe kachakudya, komwe wodwalayo amafuna kudziphunzitsanso ndikusintha moyo wawo.

Ndi kusintha kwa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi mwa odwala, mitundu yonse ya kagayidwe imasintha, makamaka, zimakhala zimayamba kugwira shuga, ndipo ngakhale (mwa odwala ena) machitidwe amakankhidwe obwera. M'nthawi ya insulin isanachitike, zakudya zinali njira yokhayo yothandizira odwala matenda ashuga, koma kufunikira kwake sikunachepe masiku athu ano. Kufunika kopereka mankhwala ochepetsa shuga mu mawonekedwe a mapiritsi kwa wodwala kumabuka (kapena kulimbikira) pokhapokha ngati shuga wambiri samatsika pambuyo poti mathandizidwe pakudya ndi kuthandizira kulemera kwa thupi. Ngati mankhwala ochepetsa shuga sathandiza, dokotala amamulembera mankhwala a insulin.

Matendawa odwala matenda ashuga - ndi chiyani? Kodi ndizotheka kuchira kunyumba?

Nthawi zina odwala amalimbikitsidwa kusiyiratu shuga wosavuta, koma maphunziro azachipatala samatsimikizira kuyimbaku. Mafuta popanga chakudya amachulukitsa glycemia (glucose m'magazi) siwokwera kwambiri kuposa kuchuluka kwake kwa owuma pama kalori ndi kulemera. Chifukwa chake, maupangiri ogwiritsira ntchito matebulo sakukhutiritsa. glycemic index (GI) zogulitsa, makamaka popeza odwala ena omwe ali ndi T2DM ali ndi kutaya kwathunthu kapena kwakukulu kwa maswiti

Nthawi ndi nthawi, maswiti kapena keke yomwe idadyedwayo siyilola wodwala kuti azimva kuti ndi wopanda pake (makamaka popeza mulibe). Chofunika kwambiri kuposa zogulitsa za GI ndi chiwerengero chawo, mafuta azomwe amapezeka mwa iwo osagawika muzovuta komanso zovuta. Koma wodwalayo ayenera kudziwa kuchuluka kwa chakudya chambiri cha tsiku lililonse, ndipo ndi madokotala okhawo omwe angayikemo zokhazokha, kutengera kupenda ndi kuwona. Ndi matenda ashuga, kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamagulu m'zakudya kungachepe (mpaka 40% pama calories m'malo mwa 55% wamba), koma osatsika.

Masiku ano, ndikupanga mapulogalamu a mafoni, kulola kuti mudziwe zochulukirapo kuti mupeze kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamafuta, kuchuluka kumeneku kungaikidwe molunjika magalamu, komwe kungafunike kuyesa kwa chinthu kapena mbale, kuwerenga chizindikiro (mwachitsanzo, kapu ya mapuloteni), Thandizo pazakudya za kampani yoperekera chakudya, kapena kudziwa za kulemera ndi kapangidwe kazakudya zamagulu pozindikira.

Khalidwe lofananalo tsopano, mutazindikira, ndizotheka kwanu, ndipo izi ziyenera kuvomerezedwa.

Chigoba cha mkate - ndi chiyani

Pakalembwe, nthawi ya iPhones isanachitike, njira ina yowerengera chakudya imapangidwa - kudzera m'magawo a mkate (XE), omwe amatchedwanso kuti chakudya chamagulu . Magawo a mikate yodwala matenda ashuga 1 adayambitsidwa kuti athe kuwunikira kuchuluka kwa insulini yomwe imafunikira kwa mayamwidwe a chakudya. 1 XE imafunikira magawo awiri a insulini kuti agone m'mawa, 1.5 pachakudya chamasana, ndipo 1 kamodzi madzulo. Kulowetsedwa kwa chakudya cham'madzi mu kuchuluka kwa 1 XE kumakulitsa glycemia ndi 1.5-1.9 mmol / L.

Palibe tanthauzo lenileni la XE, timapereka matanthauzidwe angapo odziwika bwino. Gulu la mkate lidayambitsidwa ndi madotolo aku Germany, ndipo mpaka 2010 lidatanthauzidwa ngati kuchuluka kwa chinthu chomwe chimakhala ndi 12 g of digestible (ndipo potero zimawonjezera glycemia) zakudya zamafuta ndi shuga. Koma ku Switzerland XE idawonedwa kuti ili ndi 10 g yamafuta, ndipo m'maiko olankhula Chingerezi anali ma g 15. Kusagwirizana m'matanthauzidwewo kudapangitsa kuti kuyambira 2010 adavomerezedwa kuti asagwiritse ntchito lingaliro la XE ku Germany.

Ku Russia, akukhulupirira kuti 1 XE imafanana ndi 12 g ya chakudya chambiri, kapena 13 g yamafuta, poganizira michere yazakudya yomwe ili m'zinthuzo. Kudziwa kuchuluka kumeneku kumakupatsani mwayi woti mutanthauzire mosavuta (pang'ono m'mutu mwanu, makamaka pa Calculator yomwe yapangidwa mufoni iliyonse) XE kukhala magalamu a chakudya ndi zinthu zina.

Mwachitsanzo, ngati mudadya 190 g ya persimmon yokhala ndi chakudya chodziwika bwino cha 15,9%, mumamwa 15.9 x 190/100 = 30 g wama chakudya, kapena 30/12 = 2.5 XE. Momwe mungaganizire XE, mpaka chakhumi chapafupi kwambiri, kapena kuzungulira kwa onse - mukuganiza. M'magawo onse awiri, "pafupifupi" patsiku patsiku limachepa.

Kodi shuga wamba wabwinobwino azikhala wotani?

Kuchuluka kwa XE yomwe idakonzekera tsikulo kuyenera kugawidwa moyenera malinga ndi zakudya ndikupewa "zokhwasula" pakati pawo. Mwachitsanzo, ndi "chizolowezi" tsiku lililonse la 17-18 XE (kwa odwala matenda ashuga, madokotala amalimbikitsa mpaka 15-20 XE patsiku), ayenera kugawidwa motere:

• kadzutsa 4 XE,
• nkhomaliro 2 XE,
• nkhomaliro 4-5 XE,
• nkhomaliro masana 2 XE,
• chakudya chamadzulo 3-4 XE,
• "Asanagone" 1-2 XE.

Mulimonsemo, simuyenera kudya zoposa 6-7 XE pachakudya chimodzi. Ngakhale keke yapa biscuit yolemera 100 g ikukwanira pamenepa. Inde, wina ayenera kulingaliranso ngati chizolowezi cha tsiku ndi tsiku cha XE chidzaposa. Ndi kuchuluka kwa XE kosiyanasiyana, magawo omwe aperekedwa mwachitsanzo cha XE pakati pa zakudya ayenera kuwonedwa.

Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti chakudya chopezeka m'matumbo sichimapezeka muzakudya zokha, komanso zamkaka (monga mkaka wa shuga - lactose). Pali chakudya chambiri mu tchizi ndi tchizi chokoleti (zimasandulika kukhala Whey panthawi yopanga) ndipo XE yazogulitsazi nthawi zambiri siziganizira, komanso XE ya zinthu zopangidwa ndi nyama (pokhapokha ngati soseji sizikhala ndi wowuma), zomwe zimaloleza kuwerengera mtengo wawo mu XE .

Matani ambiri okhala ndi mkate umodzi

Thandizo lofunikira pakuwerengedwa kwa XE kungaperekedwe ndi matebulo ophatikizidwa mwapadera a kuchuluka kwa zinthu mu 1 XE (mosiyana ndi matebulo a zakudya zam'magawo azinthu). Chifukwa chake, ngati tebulo likuwonetsa kuti 1 XE ili ndi kapu ya kefir, izi ndizomwe muyenera kuganizira nokha chakudya chomaliza masana - kapu ya kefir "asanagone" (kwenikweni maola 1-1.5 musanagone).

Pansipa pali magome ofanana am'magulu ogulitsira komanso ngakhale zofunikira za munthu kapena zofuulira, pomwe kuwonjezera pakuwonetsa kulemera kwazinthuzo, kuchuluka kwake mu zidutswa kapena kuchuluka kwake (m'magalasi, supuni kapena supuni) ndizowonjezeranso.

Zinthu zophika buledi, ufa ndi chimanga

Dzina la mankhwala	1 XE mu magalamu	1 XE pamiyeso
Mkate wa tirigu	20	1/2 chidutswa
Rye mkate	25	1/2 chidutswa
Nthambi ya mkate	30	1/2 chidutswa
Zobera	15
Khirisitu	20	2 zidutswa
Mpunga, Wokhuthala, Mafuta	15	2 tsp
Pasitala	15	1.5 tbsp
Mbale	20	1 tbsp

Kodi ma c-peptides mukuyesa magazi ndi ati? Kodi mulingo wa peptide umati chiyani?

Dzina la mankhwala	1 XE mu magalamu	1 XE pamiyeso
Zipatso zouma	15-20	1 tbsp
Nthochi	60	1/2 zidutswa
Mphesa	80
Persimmon	90	Chidutswa chimodzi
Cherry	115	3/4 chikho
Maapulo	120	Chidutswa chimodzi
Maula, ma apricots	125	4-5 zidutswa
Amapichesi	125	Chidutswa chimodzi
Mafuta mavwende	130-135	1 gawo
Ma rasipiberi, lingonberry, mabulosi abulu, ma currants (oyera, akuda, ofiira)	145-165	1 chikho
Malalanje	150	Chidutswa chimodzi
Ma tangerine	150	2-3 zidutswa
Mphesa	185	1.5 zidutswa
Sitiroberi wamtchire	190	1 chikho
Blackberry, kiranberi	280-320	Makapu 1.5-2
Ndimu	400	4 zidutswa
Mphesa, maula, redcurrant madzi	70-80	1/3 chikho
Cherry, apulo, blackcurrant, mandimu a lalanje	90-110	1/2 chikho
Madzi a mphesa, rasipiberi, sitiroberi	140-170	2/3 chikho

Dzina la mankhwala	1 XE mu magalamu	1 XE pamiyeso
Mbatata yophika	75	Chidutswa chimodzi
Nandolo zobiriwira	95
Beets, anyezi	130	2 zidutswa
Kaloti	165	2 zidutswa
Tsabola wokoma	225	2 zidutswa
Kabichi yoyera, kabichi ofiira	230-255
Tomato	315	3 zidutswa
Nyemba	400	2 makapu
Nkhaka	575	6 zidutswa

Ndipo tebulo lomwe lili pansipa likuwonetsa kulemera kwa zokongoletsa za masiku onse zophikira nyama, chimanga, zinthu zophikika, zakumwa ndi zomwe zili mu XE gawo limodzi (chidutswa).

Kukongoletsa, phala, zophikira	Kutumikira Kulemera, g	XE pa kutumikira
Zakudya zoyipa
Masamba otenthedwa	150	0.3
Kabichi Wotakataka	150	0.5
Nyemba Zowiritsa	150	0.5
Mbatata zosenda	200	1
Mbatata zokazinga	150	1.5
Wophika pasitala	150	2
Buckwheat, mpunga	150	2
Porridge (buckwheat, oat, mpunga, mapira)	200	3
Zogulitsa zamankhwala
Chitumbuwa cha kabichi	60	3.5
Mphesa / Mpunga	60	4
Cheesecake	75	4
Cinnamon Pretzels	75	5
Zakumwa
Ndimu ya "mandimu"	250	1
Mowa	330	1
Smoothie zipatso mchere	200	1.5
Kvass	500	3
Coca-Cola	300	3

Mu shuga, ndikofunikira kuwongolera kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamafuta omwe adyedwa. Kuyeza kumeneku kumawonetsedwa ndi kusokonezeka kwa metabolic.

Kuwerengera ndikuwongolera katundu wazakudya zam'mimba, magawo a mkate amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuthandiza kukonza zakudya za tsiku ndi tsiku.

Kodi XE ndi chiyani?

Chipinda cha mkate ndi muyeso wokwanira. Ndikofunikira kuwerengera muzakudya zanu, kuwongolera ndi kupewa hyperglycemia.

Amatchulidwanso kuti gawo la chakudya, komanso anthu wamba - supuni yoyesa matenda ashuga.

Mtengo wa kuwerengera unayambitsidwa ndi katswiri wazakudya kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1900. Cholinga chogwiritsa ntchito chizindikiro: kuwerengetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga omwe angakhale m'magazi mukatha kudya.

Pafupifupi, gawo lili ndi ma 50 g zama chakudya. Kuchuluka kwake kumadalira zamankhwala. Kwa mayiko angapo ku Europe XE imafanana ndi 15 g wamafuta, pamene ku Russia - 10-12. Zowoneka, gawo limodzi ndi chidutswa cha mkate chokhala ndi makulidwe okwanira sentimita. Chipinda chimodzi chimakwera mpaka 3 mmol / L.

Zambiri! Kuti mumvetse XE imodzi, thupi limafuna magawo awiri a mahomoni. mtima mankhwala kudya mayunitsi. Chiwerengero chofananira (1 XE mpaka 2 magawo a insulin) ndizofunikira ndipo amatha kusintha mkati mwa mayunitsi a 1-2. Mphamvuzi zimakhudzidwa ndi nthawi ya tsiku. Mwachitsanzo, kugawa bwino kwa XE masana kwa munthu wodwala matenda ashuga kumawoneka motere: nthawi yamadzulo - 1 unit, masana - 1.5 magawo, m'mawa - 2 mayunitsi.

Kuwerengera kwathunthu kwa zizindikiro ndikofunikira kwambiri pamene. Mlingo wa mahomoni, makamaka ultrashort komanso zochitika zazifupi, zimatengera izi. Mukamayang'anitsitsa magawo omwe amapezeka ndimagawo azakudya komanso kuchuluka kwa kalori. Kuwerengera zamagulu a buledi ndikofunikira kwambiri mukasinthira zakudya zina ndi zina.

Zinthu zomwe sizimawerengeka

Nyama ndi nsomba sizimakhala ndi zopatsa mphamvu konse. Samatenga nawo mbali powerengera mkate. Chokhacho chomwe chikufunika kulingaliridwa ndi njira ndi kapangidwe ka kukonzekera. Mwachitsanzo, mpunga ndi mkate zimawonjezeredwa muma-nyama. Zogulitsa zoterezi zimakhala ndi XE. Mu dzira limodzi, chakudya chamafuta chimakhala pafupifupi 0,5 g. Mtengo wawo nawonso satengedwa chifukwa mulibe phindu.

Zomera zoyambira sizitanthauza kukhazikika. Nyemba imodzi yaying'ono ili ndi mayunitsi 0,6, kaloti atatu akuluakulu - mpaka 1 unit. Mbatata zokha zomwe zimakhudzidwa kuwerengera - muzu umodzi womwe uli ndi 1.2 XE.

1 XE malinga ndi kugawa kwazomwe zili ndi:

• kapu ya mowa kapena kvass,
• mu theka la nthochi
• mu ½ chikho cha apulo msuzi,
• mumapulogalamu ang'onoang'ono asanu kapena ma plamu ambiri,
• theka la mutu wa chimanga
• mu Persimmon imodzi
• mu gawo la chivwende / vwende,
• mu apulo imodzi
• mu 1 tbsp ufa
• mu 1 tbsp wokondedwa
• mu 1 tbsp shuga wonenepa
• mu 2 tbsp phala lililonse.

Zakudya zopatsa mphamvu mosavuta

Mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga, zinthuzi ziyenera kuthetsedwa. Ndi mtundu umodzi wa chitukuko cha matendawa, angagwiritsidwe ntchito, koma pokhapokha pali vuto la hypoglycemia.

Pali zovuta zina momwe mungawerengere mayunitsi pamenepa. Makapu ndi magalasi amakhala ndi voliyumu kuchokera ku 150 mpaka 350 ml ndipo sizimawonetsedwa nthawi zonse pambale. Mulimonsemo, ngati shuga sakulipiridwa mokwanira, ndibwino kukana timadziti (lamuloli likugwiranso mitundu yonse ya matenda ashuga).

Zogulitsa	Kulemera / voliyumu	Kuchuluka kwa XE
Malalanje	150 g	1
Banana	100 g	1,3
Mphesa	100 g	1,2
Ngale	100 g	0,9-1
Ndimu	1 pc (pakati)	0,3
Peach	100 g	0,8-1
Mandarin lalanje	100 g	0,7
Apple	100 g	1

Mitundu yonse ya shuga imakhudzanso kupatula zipatso. Amakhala ndi shuga wambiri komanso zopatsa mphamvu m'mimba.

Popeza ndizotheka kudya magawo 2 - 2,5 okha a matenda ashuga, ndiwo zamasamba zomwe sizokhala ndi chakudya chamagulu ambiri zimalimbikitsidwa kuti zizigwiritsidwa ntchito kotero kuchuluka kwa chakudya chomwe chimakwaniritsa zofunikira za tsiku ndi tsiku za odwala matenda ashuga a XE ndi zokwanira.

Zakudya zachilengedwe (100%), zopanda shuga

- mphesa * 1/3 chikho70 g - apulo, zonona1/3 chikho80 ml - chitumbuwa0,5 chikho90 g - lalanje0,5 chikho110 g - phwetekere1.5 makapu375 ml - karoti, beetroot1 chikho250 ml Kvass, mowa1 chikho250 ml Coca-Cola, Pepsi Cola * 0,5 chikho100 ml

Mbewu ndi mtedza

- mapeyala ndi peelMa PC 45.85 g375- walnuts0,5 basket90 g630- ma hazelnuts0,5 basket90 g590- ma almond0,5 basket60 g385- Cashew mtedza3 tbsp. spoons40 g240- mbewu za mpendadzuwaoposa 50 g300- pistachios0,5 basket60 g385

• Galasi 1 = 250 ml
• 1 dzenje = 250 ml
• 1 mug = 300 ml.

* Sikulimbikitsidwa kuti odwala matenda ashuga azigwiritsa ntchito zinthu zonse zomwe zawonetsedwa ndi asterisk, chifukwa ali ndi index yayikulu ya glycemic.

Shuga mellitus (kuchuluka kwa glucose wamagazi chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa insulin) ndi matenda omwe amakula chifukwa cha kudya. Pachifukwa ichi, zidziwitso zokhudzana ndi zinthu zomwe zimachulukitsa glucose wamagazi ndi kutha kudziwa kuchuluka kwa zomwe zimapangitsa mu thupi lanu ndizofunikira. Kuwerengera moyenera kwa chakudya chamagulu omwe amamwetsedwa kumakupatsani mwayi wopewa kuwononga shuga m'magazi mukatha kudya. Ngati chiwopsezo cha glucose chikulephera, ndiye kuti pali chifukwa china chodziyimira pokhazikitsa njira yolepheretsa kuchuluka kwa mankhwala omwe amachepetsa shuga - insulin.

Kuti muwerenge kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamafuta, pali gawo lapadera - gawo la mkate (XE). Kuchita kwake kudakhala ndi dzina chifukwa kagawo ka buledi wabulawuni adayamba kuyambirako - kagawo ka "njerwa" kudula pakati pafupifupi 1 cm. Danga ili (kulemera kwake ndi 25 g) lili ndi magalamu 12 a digestible. Malinga ndi ichi, 1XE ndi 12 g wamafuta okhala ndi fiber fiber (fiber), yophatikizika. Ngati fiber siyiwerengedwa, ndiye kuti 1XE imakhala ndi 10 g yamafuta. Pali maiko ena, mwachitsanzo USA, pomwe 1XE ili 15 g yamafuta.

Muthanso kupeza dzina lina la mkate - chakudya chamagulu, wowuma.

Kufunika kwa kusintha kwa kuchuluka kwa mafuta m'zinthu zomwe zimapangidwira kunayamba chifukwa chakuyenera kuwerengera kuchuluka kwa insulin yomwe imaperekedwa kwa wodwala, yomwe imadalira mwachindunji ndi kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamafuta. Choyamba, izi zimakhudza odwala matenda ashuga omwe amadalira insulin, i.e. mtundu wa 1 odwala matenda ashuga amatenga insulin tsiku lililonse musanadye 4-5 pa tsiku.

Zinakhazikitsidwa kuti kugwiritsa ntchito mkate umodzi kumabweretsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi ndi 1.7-2.2 mmol / l. Kuti mubweretse kudumpha kumene muyenera mayunitsi 1 mpaka 4. insulin kutengera thupi.Pokhala ndi chidziwitso cha kuchuluka kwa XE m'mbale, wodwala matenda ashuga amatha kuwerengetsa kuchuluka kwa insulin yomwe amafunika kubaya kuti chakudya chisayambitse zovuta. Kuchuluka kwa mahomoni ofunikira, kuwonjezera, zimatengera nthawi ya tsiku. M'mawa, zimatha kutenga kawiri kuposa momwe zimakhalira madzulo.

Kwa odwala matenda a shuga mellitus, osati kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamagulu m'zakudya zomwe amadya ndikofunikira, komanso nthawi yanthawi yomwe zinthu izi zimasokoneza glucose ndikulowa m'magazi. Gawo la kuchuluka kwa glucose mutatha kudya chinthu china chimatchedwa glycemic index (GI).

Zakudya zokhala ndi index yayikulu ya glycemic (maswiti) zimayambitsa kusintha kwakukulu kwa chakudya chamthupi kukhala glucose, m'mitsempha yamagazi amapanga kuchuluka kwakukulu ndikupanga kuchuluka kwambiri. Ngati zinthu zokhala ndi index yotsika ya glycemic (masamba) zilowa m'thupi, magazi amakhala ndi shuga pang'onopang'ono, spikes pamlingo wake mukatha kudya ndi ofooka.

Kudya magawo a mkate

Oyimira ambiri azamankhwala amakono amalimbikitsa kudya ma carbohydrate, omwe ndi ofanana ndi 2 kapena 2.5 mkate patsiku. Zakudya zambiri "zopatsa thanzi" zimawona kuti ndizabwinobwino kudya zakudya zama 10X XE patsiku, koma izi ndizovulaza mu shuga.

Ngati munthu akufuna kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga, amachepetsa kudya kwawo kwa chakudya. Zinaonekeratu kuti njirayi ndi yothandiza osati kwa odwala matenda a shuga 2, komanso a 1 matenda ashuga. Sizofunikira kuti tikhulupirire malangizo onse omwe alembedwa pankhani yokhudza zakudya. Ndikokwanira kugula glucometer yolondola, yomwe ikuwonetsa ngati zakudya zina ndizoyenera kuzigwiritsa ntchito.

Tsopano kuchuluka kwa odwala matenda ashuga akuyesera kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa mikate yazakudya. Monga cholowa mmalo, zogulitsa zomwe zimakhala ndi mapuloteni ambiri komanso mafuta abwinobwino achilengedwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Kuphatikiza apo, zamasamba a mavitamini ayamba kutchuka.

Ngati mumatsatira zakudya zamafuta ochepa, pakatha masiku angapo zimadziwika kuti thanzi lathu lonse layamba bwanji komanso kuchuluka kwa glucose m'mwazi kwachepa. Zakudya zoterezi zimachotsa kufunikira kuyang'ana magome a mkate. Ngati pachakudya chilichonse mumangodya 6 6 g yamafuta, ndiye kuti kuchuluka kwa mikate sikudzaposa 1 XE.

Pokhala ndi zakudya “zopatsa thanzi”, munthu wodwala matenda ashuga amakhala ndi vuto losokoneza magazi ndipo nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Munthu amafunika kuwerengetsa kuchuluka kwa insulini yomwe ikufunika kuti gawo limodzi la mkate lizikhidwa. M'malo mwake, ndikwabwino kuti mupeze kuchuluka kwa insulini kuti mupeze 1 g ya zakudya, ndipo osati mkate wonse.

Chifukwa chake, zakudya zochepa zamafuta zomwe zimadyedwa, insulin yochepa imafunikira. Pambuyo poyambitsa kudya kwamoto ochepa, kufunika kwa insulin kumachepera 2-5 nthawi. Wodwala yemwe wachepetsa kudya mapiritsi kapena insulin nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi hypoglycemia.

Mafuta ndi mbewu za phala

Mbewu zonse, kuphatikizapo zinthu zonse za tirigu (barele, oats, tirigu) zili ndi chakudya chambiri m'zipangidwe zake. Koma nthawi yomweyo, kupezeka kwawo pakudya kwa anthu odwala matenda ashuga ndikofunikira!

Kotero kuti chimanga sichingakhudze momwe wodwalayo alili, ndikofunikira kuyendetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi munthawi, nthawi yoyamba komanso isanachitike. Ndizosavomerezeka kupitilira muyeso wamadyedwe azakudya zotere mukamadya. Ndipo tebulo likuthandizira kuwerengera magawo a mkate.

Zogulitsa	Kuchuluka kwa malonda pa 1 XE
mikate yoyera, imvi (kupatula batala)	Chidutswa chimodzi 1 cm	20 g
mkate wopanda bulawuni	Chidutswa chimodzi 1 cm	25 g
mkate wa chinangwa	Chidutswa chimodzi 1,3 cm	30 g
Mkate wa Borodino	Chidutswa chimodzi 0,6 cm	15 g
obera	ochepa	15 g
Ophwanya (ma cookie owuma)	-	15 g
mikanda	-	15 g
mpukutu wa batala	-	20 g
chabwino (chachikulu)	1 pc	30 g
Akazizira owuma ndi kanyumba tchizi	4 pc	50 g
dumplings achisanu	4 pc	50 g
tchizi	-	50 g
waffles (yaying'ono)	1.5 ma PC	17 g
ufa	1 tbsp. supuni ndi slide	15 g
gingerbread	0,5 pc	40 g
Fritters (wapakati)	1 pc	30 g
pasitala (yaiwisi)	1-2 tbsp. spoons (kutengera mawonekedwe)	15 g
pasitala (yophika)	2–4 tbsp. spoons (kutengera mawonekedwe)	50 g
ma groats (aliwonse, aiwisi)	1 tbsp. supuni	15 g
phala (iliyonse)	2 tbsp. spoons ndi slide	50 g
chimanga (chapakatikati)	0,5 makutu	100 g
chimanga (zamzitini)	3 tbsp. spoons	60 g
chimanga	4 tbsp. spoons	15 g
zipatso	10 tbsp. spoons	15 g
oatmeal	2 tbsp. spoons	20 g
tirigu	12 tbsp. spoons	50 g

Zinthu Zamkaka ndi Mkaka

Zinthu zopangidwa mkaka ndi mkaka zimapangitsa kuti pakhale mapuloteni azinyama komanso calcium, zomwe zimakhala zovuta kuzidyetsa ndipo ziyenera kuonedwa kuti ndizofunikira. M'mavhoriyumu ang'onoang'ono, zinthu izi zimakhala ndi mavitamini onse. Komabe, zinthu zamkaka zimakhala ndi mavitamini A ambiri ndi B2.

Zinthu zamkaka zamafuta ochepa ziyenera kusankhidwa mu zakudya zamagulu. Ndikwabwino kusiya mkaka wonse. 200 ml ya mkaka wathunthu uli ndi pafupifupi gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a mafuta a tsiku ndi tsiku omwe amakhala ndi mafuta, motero ndibwino kuti musagwiritse ntchito zotere. Ndikofunika kumwa mkaka wopendekera, kapena kuphika chakudya pompopompo, pomwe mutha kuwonjezera zidutswa za zipatso kapena zipatso, ndizomwe pulogalamu yazakudya iyenera kukhala.

Mtedza, masamba, nyemba

Mtedza, nyemba ndi ndiwo zamasamba zizikhala nthawi zonse pazakudya za anthu odwala matenda ashuga. Zakudya zimathandiza kuchepetsa shuga m'magazi pochepetsa chiopsezo cha zovuta. Mwambiri, nthawi zambiri ngozi yakukula kwamtima imachepa. Masamba, mbewu ndi chimanga zimapatsa thupi zinthu zofunika monga kufufuza mapuloteni, fayilo ndi potaziyamu.

Monga chakudya, ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito masamba osaphika ndipo kungomuthandiza kuti asawerenge. Anthu odwala matenda ashuga ndiwowopsa kugwiritsa ntchito masamba osakhazikika, chifukwa amakhala ndi mafuta ambiri komanso amakhala ndi chakudya chambiri. Kuchuluka kwa ndiwo zamasamba muzakudya kuyenera kukhala kochepa, kuwerengetsa kwamitundu yamafuta kumawonetsedwa pagome.

Zipatso ndi zipatso (ndi miyala ndi peel)

Ndi matenda a shuga, amaloledwa kudya zipatso zambiri zomwe zilipo. Koma pali kusiyanasiyana, awa ndi mphesa, chivwende, nthochi, vwende, mango ndi chinanazi. Zipatso zotere zimachulukitsa shuga m'magazi a anthu, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti kumwa kwawo kuyenera kukhala kochepa ndipo osadye tsiku lililonse.

Koma zipatso mwamwambo ndimalo abwino m'malo mwa zotsekemera zotsekemera. Kwa odwala matenda ashuga, sitiroberi, jamu, zipatso ndi ma curants wakuda ndizoyenereradi - mtsogoleri wosasankhidwa pakati pa zipatso molingana ndi kuchuluka kwa vitamini C tsiku lililonse.

Zogulitsa	Kuchuluka kwa malonda pa 1 XE
ma apricots	2-3 ma PC.	110 g
quince (yayikulu)	1 pc	140 g
chinanazi (mtanda)	Chidutswa chimodzi	140 g
chivwende	Chidutswa chimodzi	270 g
lalanje (wapakatikati)	1 pc	150 g
Banana (wapakatikati)	0,5 pc	70 g
lingonberry	7 tbsp. spoons	140 g
mphesa (zipatso zazing'ono)	Ma PC 12	70 g
chitumbuwa	15 ma PC.	90 g
makangaza (apakatikati)	1 pc	170 g
chipatso cha mphesa (chachikulu)	0,5 pc	170 g
peyala (yaying'ono)	1 pc	90 g
vwende	Chidutswa chimodzi	100 g
mabulosi akutchire	8 tbsp. spoons	140 g
nkhuyu	1 pc	80 g
kiwi (chachikulu)	1 pc	110 g
sitiroberi (zipatso zokulira)	Ma PC 10	160 g
jamu	6 tbsp. spoons	120 g
mandimu	3 ma PC	270 g
rasipiberi	8 tbsp. spoons	160 g
mango (yaying'ono)	1 pc	110 g
ma tangerines (apakatikati)	2-3 ma PC.	150 g
nectarine (wapakatikati)	1 pc
pichesi (wapakatikati)	1 pc	120 g
plums (yaying'ono)	Ma PC 3-4.	90 g
currant	7 tbsp. spoons	120 g
Persimmon (wapakati)	0,5 pc	70 g
wokoma chitumbuwa	Ma PC 10	100 g
mabuluni	7 tbsp. spoons	90 g
apulo (yaying'ono)	1 pc	90 g
Zipatso zouma
nthochi	1 pc	15 g
zoumba	Ma PC 10	15 g
nkhuyu	1 pc	15 g
ma apricots owuma	3 ma PC	15 g
masiku	2 ma PC	15 g
prunes	3 ma PC	20 g
maapulo	2 tbsp. spoons	20 g

Mukamasankha zakumwa, monga zinthu zina zilizonse, muyenera kupenda kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamagulu. Zakumwa zoziziritsa kukhosi zimapikisidwa kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga, ndipo palibe chifukwa chowawerengera kuti ndi odwala matenda ashuga, palibe chifukwa chowerengetsera.

Munthu yemwe ali ndi matenda ashuga azisamaliranso mokwanira.

Zakumwa zonse zimayenera kudyedwa ndi munthu yemwe ali ndi matenda ashuga, kupatsidwa index yawo ya glycemic. Zakumwa zomwe zimatha kumwa wodwala:

1. Madzi akumwa oyera
2. Zipatso za zipatso
3. Zakudya zamasamba
4. Mkaka
5. Tiyi yobiriwira.

Phindu la tiyi wobiriwira ndilabwino kwambiri. Chakumwa ichi chimakhala ndi phindu pamapazi a magazi, pang'onopang'ono zimakhudza thupi.Komanso, tiyi wobiriwira amachepetsa mafuta m'thupi komanso mafuta m'thupi.

Zogulitsa	Kuchuluka kwa malonda pa 1 XE
kabichi	2,5 zikho	500 g
karoti	2/3 chikho	125 g
nkhaka	2,5 zikho	500 g
kachikumbu	2/3 chikho	125 g
phwetekere	1.5 makapu	300 g
lalanje	0,5 chikho	110 g
mphesa	0,3 chikho	70 g
chitumbuwa	0,5 chikho	90 g
peyala	0,5 chikho	100 g
chipatso cha mphesa	1.4 zikho	140 g
redcurrant	0,5 chikho	80 g
jamu	0,5 chikho	100 g
sitiroberi	0,5 chikho	160 g
rasipiberi	0,75 chikho	170 g
maula	Makapu 0,35	80 g
apulo	0,5 chikho	100 g
kvass	1 chikho	250 ml
madzi otumphuka (okoma)	0,5 chikho	100 ml

Nthawi zambiri zakudya zotsekemera zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe ake. Izi zikutanthauza kuti zakudya zotsekemera sizilangizidwa kwa odwala matenda ashuga. Masiku ano, opanga zinthu amapereka mitundu yambiri ya maswiti okhala ndi zotsekemera.

Chofunikira kwambiri pakuchiritsa kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga ndi zakudya. Malamulo ake akuluakulu a shuga ndi chakudya chamagulu onse, kupatula zakudya zamafuta m'zakudya, komanso kutsimikiza kwa zakudya zopatsa mphamvu. Kuthetsa mavutowa, endocrinologists adapanga mawu akuti mkate ndi kukonza magome a magawo a mkate.

Akatswiri azakudya zamankhwala amalimbikitsa kuti azipanga mndandanda wa tsiku ndi tsiku wa gulu ili la odwala 55%%% yama protein omwe amapezeka pang'onopang'ono, 15% -20% mapuloteni, 20% -25% yamafuta. Makamaka posankha kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamafuta, magawo a mkate (XE) anapangidwa.

Matenda a shuga odwala matenda ashuga amawonetsa chakudya chamagulu osiyanasiyana. Kupanga mawuwa, akatswiri azakudya amatenga mkate wa rye ngati maziko: chidutswa chake cholemera magalamu makumi awiri ndi asanu chimawerengedwa kuti ndi gawo limodzi la mkate.

Kodi matebulo a magawo a mkate ndi ati?

Cholinga cha chithandizo cha odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga ndikutsatira kutulutsa kwachilengedwe kwa insulini posankha ma Mlingo ndi moyo wambiri kotero kuti mulingo wa glycemia uli pafupi ndi miyezo yovomerezeka.

Mankhwala amakono amapereka mitundu yotsatirayi yochizira insulin:

• Zachikhalidwe
• Angapo ma jekeseni angapo
• Zambiri

Mukamawerengera kuchuluka kwa insulin, muyenera kudziwa kuchuluka kwa XE kutengera zakudya zomwe zimawerengedwa (zipatso, mkaka ndi zinthu monga chimanga, maswiti, mbatata). Masamba amakhala ndi zovuta kugaya chakudya chamafuta ndipo samachita mbali yayikulu pakuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa shuga.

Kuphatikiza apo, muyenera kuyang'anira shuga wamagazi pafupipafupi (glycemia), zomwe zimatengera nthawi ya tsiku, zakudya komanso kuchuluka kwa zochita zolimbitsa thupi za wodwala wodwala matenda ashuga.

Makina olimbitsa kwambiri a insulin amathandizira kuti pakhale insulin (Lantus) yayitali kwa tsiku limodzi, tsiku lililonse, komwe amawerengera jakisoni wowonjezera (omwe amakhala ndi jakisoni), omwe amathandizidwa pamaso pa chakudya chachikulu mwachindunji kapena m'mphindi makumi atatu. Pachifukwa ichi, ma insulin omwe amagwiritsa ntchito mwachidule amagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Pa gawo lililonse la mkate lomwe lili mumakonzedwe, ndikofunikira kulowa (poganizira nthawi ya tsiku komanso kuchuluka kwa glycemia) 1U ya insulin.

Kufunika kwa nthawi ya tsiku pa 1XE:

M'pofunika kuganizira kuchuluka koyamba kwa shuga, momwe mungakhalire - kuchuluka kwa mankhwalawa. Gawo limodzi la zochita za insulin amatha kugwiritsa ntchito 2 mmol / L shuga.

Zochita zolimbitsa thupi zimafunikira - kusewera masewera kumachepetsa glycemia, chifukwa mphindi 40 zilizonse zolimbitsa thupi zina zowonjezera 15 g za chakudya chamatumbo chofunikira zimafunikira. Mkulu wa glucose akatsika, mlingo wa insulin umachepetsedwa.

Ngati wodwalayo akukonzekera chakudya, adya chakudya ku 3 XE, ndipo glycemic level 30 mphindi asanadye amafanana ndi 7 mmol / L - amafunika 1U ya insulin kuti achepetse glycemia ndi 2 mmol / L. Ndipo 3ED - kwa chimbudzi cha magawo atatu a chakudya. Ayenera kulowa zigawo zinayi za insulin (Humalog) yonse.

Zakudya kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda amtundu wa 1 omwe aphunzira kuwerengera muyeso wa insulin malinga ndi XE, pogwiritsa ntchito gome la magawo a mkate, akhoza kukhala aulere.

Momwe mungawerengere magawo a buledi a shuga

Ndi kuchuluka kwazopezeka zazomwe zimapangidwira komanso zomanga thupi za 100 gramu, mutha kudziwa kuchuluka kwa mkate.

Mwachitsanzo: phukusi la kanyumba tchizi lolemera 200 gramu, magalamu 100 ali ndi magalamu 24 a chakudya.

100 magalamu a tchizi tchizi - 24 magalamu a chakudya

200 magalamu a tchizi tchizi - X

X = 200 x 24/100

X = 48 magalamu a chakudya amapezeka mu paketi ya tchizi tchizi yolemera 200 gr. Ngati mu 1XE 12 magalamu a chakudya, ndiye mu paketi yanyumba tchizi - 48/12 = 4 XE.

Chifukwa cha magawo a mkate, mutha kugawa chakudya choyenera patsiku, izi zimakupatsani mwayi:

• Idyani osiyanasiyana
• Osangokhala ndi chakudya chambiri posankha zakudya zabwino,
• Sungani gawo lanu la glycemia.

Pa intaneti mungapeze owerengetsa azakudya za shuga, omwe amawerengera zakudya zamasiku onse. Koma phunziroli limatenga nthawi yayitali, ndizosavuta kuyang'ana pamagawo a magawo a buledi a ashuga ndikusankha menyu wolinganiza. Kuchuluka kwa XE yofunikira kumadalira kulemera kwa thupi, zochitika zolimbitsa thupi, zaka komanso jini la munthu.

Ndi onenepa kwambiri

Amakhulupilira kuti pafupifupi mitengo ya zinthu zofunika patsiku imatha kukhala 20-24XE. Ndikofunikira kugawa bukuli kwa chakudya 5-6. Maphwando akulu akhale 4-5 XE, tiyi wamadzulo ndi nkhomaliro - 1-2XE. Nthawi imodzi, osalimbikitsa kuti muzidya zakudya zopitilira 6-7XE.

Ndi kuchepa kwa thupi, timalimbikitsidwa kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa XE mpaka 30 patsiku. Ana azaka zisanu ndi zinayi akufunika 12-14XE patsiku, wazaka 7-16 akulimbikitsidwa 15-16, kuyambira wazaka 11 mpaka 14 - magawo khumi a mkate (a anyamata) ndi 16-17 XE (a atsikana). Anyamata a zaka zapakati pa 15 mpaka 18 amafunikira magawo 26 a mkate patsiku, atsikana awiri ochepera.

Zakudya ziyenera kukhala zoyenera, zokwanira zosowa za thupi pama protein, mavitamini. Mbali yake ndiyoti kupatula chakudya chamafuta chamagetsi.

Zofunikira pakudya:

• Kudya zakudya zokhala ndi ulusi wazakudya: mkate wa rye, mapira, oatmeal, masamba, buckwheat.
• Kukhazikika kwa nthawi komanso kuchuluka kwa chakudya tsiku ndi tsiku kumakwanira mlingo wa insulin.
• Kusintha mosavuta chakudya cham'mimba chokhala ndi zakudya zofanana zosankhidwa m'matafura a buledi.
• Kuchepa kwa kuchuluka kwa mafuta a nyama chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa mafuta azamasamba.

Odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a 2 amafunikanso kugwiritsa ntchito matebulo a chakudya kuti asadye kwambiri. Ngati zikuwoneka kuti zinthu zomwe zili ndi ma carbohydrate ovuta zimakhala ndizovomerezeka m'zakudya, ndiye kuti kumwa kwawo kuyenera kuchepetsedwa pang'onopang'ono. Mutha kuchita izi kwa masiku 7-10 pa 2XE patsiku, kubweretsa zomwe zikufunika.

Matebulo a mikate ya buledi a 1 ndi 2 matenda ashuga

Maofesi a Endocrinological amawerengetsa magome a magawo a buledi mu zinthu zotchuka motengera zomwe zili ndi magalamu 12 a chakudya mu 1 XE. Ena mwa iwo amabweretsa kwa inu.

Zogulitsa	Ml vol	XE
Mphesa	140	1
Kuperekanso	240	3
Apple	200	2
Blackcurrant	250	2.5
Kvass	200	1
Ngale	200	2
Jamu	200	1
Mphesa	200	3
Phwetekere	200	0.8
Kaloti	250	2
Malalanje	200	2
Cherry	200	2.5

Madzi amatha kudyedwa mu mitundu yapadera ya shuga ya mitundu yoyamba ndi yachiwiri, pamene mulingo wa glycemia ukhazikika, palibe kusinthasintha kwakuthwa konsekonse.

Zogulitsa	Kulemera g	XE
Blueberries	170	1
Malalanje	150	1
Mabulosi akutchire	170	1
Banana	100	1.3
Cranberries	60	0.5
Mphesa	100	1.2
Apurikoti	240	2
Chinanazi	90	1
Makangaza	200	1
Blueberries	170	1
Melon	130	1
Kiwi	120	1
Ndimu	1 sing'anga	0.3
Plum	110	1
Cherry	110	1
Persimmon	1 pafupifupi	1
Chitumbuwa chokoma	200	2
Apple	100	1
Mavwende	500	2
Black currant	180	1
Lingonberry	140	1
Red currant	400	2
Peach	100	1
Mandarin lalanje	100	0.7
Rabulosi	200	1
Jamu	300	2
Sitiroberi wamtchire	170	1
Strawberry	100	0.5
Ngale	180	2

Zogulitsa	Kulemera g	XE
Tsabola wokoma	250	1
Mbatata zokazinga	Supuni 1	0.5
Tomato	150	0.5
Nyemba	100	2
Kabichi yoyera	250	1
Nyemba	100	2
Yerusalemu artichoke	140	2
Zukini	100	0.5
Kholifulawa	150	1
Mbatata yophika	1 sing'anga	1
Zambiri	150	0.5
Dzungu	220	1
Kaloti	100	0.5
Nkhaka	300	0.5
Beetroot	150	1
Mbatata zosenda	25	0.5
Nandolo	100	1

Zinthu zopangidwa mkaka ziyenera kudyedwa tsiku lililonse, makamaka masana. Pankhaniyi, osati magawo a buledi okha, komanso kuchuluka kwa mafuta okhudzidwa kuyenera kukumbukiridwa. Odwala odwala matenda ashuga amalimbikitsidwa kuti azigwiritsa ntchito mkaka wotsika wamafuta.

Zogulitsa	Kulemera g / Vol ml	XE
Ayisikilimu	65	1
Mkaka	250	1
Ryazhenka	250	1
Kefir	250	1
Syrniki	40	1
Yoghur	250	1
Kirimu	125	0.5
Zotsekemera zokoma	200	2
Zomveka ndi tchizi tchizi	3 pc	1
Yoghur	100	0.5
Cottage Cheese Casserole	75	1

Mukamagwiritsa ntchito zinthu zophika buledi, muyenera kuyang'anitsitsa kulemera kwazinthuzo, zimeni pamiyeso yamagetsi.

Kodi magawo a mkate ndi omwe amafunikira iwo

Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga amakakamizika kuwongolera mosamalitsa kuchuluka kwa chakudya, ntchito za tsiku ndi tsiku, kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamafuta m'mbale zawo. Zochitika zomwe ndizodziwika bwino kwa anthu athanzi, mwachitsanzo, kukaona malo ogulitsira zakudya, kumakhala zovuta zambiri kwa iwo: ndizotengera zofunika kusankha, momwe mungadzire kulemera kwawo ndikuwonetseratu kuchuluka kwa shuga? Magawo a mkate amapangitsa kuti ntchitozi zizikhala zosavuta, chifukwa amakupatsani mwayi wowoneka, popanda kulemera, kudziwa kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamagulu. Ngati tidula sentimita imodzi kuchokera ku mkate wamba ndikutenga theka, timakhala ndi XE imodzi.

Matenda a shuga ndi kupsinjika kudzakhala chinthu chakale

Matenda a shuga ndi omwe amayambitsa pafupifupi 80% yonse yamikwingwirima ndi kuduladula. Anthu 7 mwa anthu 10 amafa chifukwa cha mitsempha ya mtima kapena ubongo. Pafupifupi nthawi zonse, chifukwa chomaliza chomaliza ndi chimodzimodzi - shuga wamwazi.

Shuga akhoza ndipo ayenera kugwetsedwa; Koma izi sizichiritsa matendawa, koma zimangothandiza kulimbana ndi kufufuza, osati zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa.

Mankhwala okhawo omwe amalimbikitsidwa moyenera pochiza matenda ashuga komanso amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi ma endocrinologists pantchito yawo ndi awa.

Kugwiritsa ntchito bwino kwa mankhwalawa, kuwerengera malinga ndi njira yokhazikika (kuchuluka kwa odwala omwe achiwonjezere kuchuluka kwa odwala omwe ali mgulu la anthu 100 omwe adachitiridwa chithandizo):

• Matenda a shuga - 95%
• Kuthetsa kwa mitsempha thrombosis - 70%
• Kuthetsa kwa kugunda kwamtima kwamphamvu - 90%
• Kuthana ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi - 92%
• Kulimbitsa tsiku, kukonza kugona usiku - 97%

Opanga si bungwe lazamalonda ndipo amalipidwa ndi chithandizo cha boma. Chifukwa chake, tsopano wokhala aliyense ali ndi mwayi.

Zakudya zamagulu ena, zomwe zimatchedwa fiber fiber, shuga wamagazi samachuluka, chifukwa chake mukamawerengera magawo a mkate ndikofunika kuzichotsa.

1 XE ili ndi magalamu 12 a chakudya, kuphatikizapo CHIKWANGWANI. Zinthu zopanda ulusi wazakudya kapena zochepa zomwe zimasinthidwa kukhala magawo a mkate kutengera chiyezo cha 10 g cha chakudya - 1 XE.

M'mayiko ena, mwachitsanzo, USA, 15 g yamafuta am'madzi amatengedwa 1 XE. Popewa chisokonezo, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito magome kuchokera gwero limodzi lokha . Bola ngati zikuwonetsa njira yowerengera.

Poyamba, zimawoneka ngati anthu odwala matenda ashuga kuti kugwiritsa ntchito magawo a mkate kumangopangitsanso kuwerengetsa kale kwa insulini. Komabe, pakupita nthawi, odwala amakhala ozolowera kugwira ntchito ndi kuchuluka kotero kuti popanda matebulo alionse amatha kunena kuti ndi mafuta angati omwe amapezeka muzakudya zomwe amakonda, akungoyang'ana pagawo: XE ndi supuni ziwiri za fries zaku France, kapu ya kefir, kutumikiridwa kwa ayisikilimu kapena theka la nthochi.

Zamasamba		XE mu 100 g	Kuchuluka mu 1 XE
kabichi	wokhala ndi mutu	0,3	kapu	2
	Beijing	0,3		4,5
	utoto	0,5	bastard	15
	mabulashi	0,7		7
	broccoli	0,6	ma PC	1/3
uta	leek	1,2		1
	anyezi	0,7		2
nkhaka	wowonjezera kutentha	0,2		1,5
	osasulidwa	0,2		6
mbatata		1,5		Chaching'ono, 1/2 chachikulu
kaloti		0,6		2
kachiromboka		0,8		1,5
belu tsabola		0,6		6
phwetekere		0,4		2,5
radishi		0,3		17
radish yakuda		0,6		1,5
mpiru		0,2		3
squash		0,4		1
biringanya		0,5		1/2
dzungu		0,7	kapu	1,5
nandolo zobiriwira		1,1		1
Yerusalemu artichoke		1,5		1/2
sorelo		0,3		3

Njere ndi mbewu monga chimanga

Ngakhale kuti chimanga chilichonse chili ndi chakudya chamafuta ambiri, sichitha kunja kwa chakudya. Maphala omwe ali ndi barele, mpunga wa bulauni, oatmeal, buckwheat samakhala ocheperako pamagulu a shuga mu shuga. Mwa zinthu zophika mkate, zofunikira kwambiri ndi rye ndi mkate wa chinangwa.

Zogulitsa		XE mu 100 g	XE mu chikho 1 cha 250 ml
kubuula	bulwheat	6	10
	ngale barele	5,5	13
	oatmeal	5	8,5
	semolina	6	11,5
	chimanga	6	10,5
	tirigu	6	10,5
mpunga	njere zazitali zoyera	6,5	12,5
	tirigu wamba sing'anga	6,5	13
	zofiirira	6,5	12
nyemba	osaya	5	11
	choyera choyera	5	9,5
	ofiira	5	9
Hercules flakes		5	4,5
pasitala		6	kutengera mawonekedwe
nandolo		4	9
mphodza		5	9,5

Mkate wowerengeka:

• 20 g kapena kagawo ka 1 cm mulifupi,
• 25 g kapena kagawo ka 1 cm,
• 30 g kapena kagawo ka 1.3 cm,
• 15 g kapena kagawo ka 0.6 cm Borodino.

Zipatso zambiri zokhala ndi shuga zimaloledwa. Mukamasankha tcherani chidwi ndi mndandanda wawo wa glycemic. Ma currants akuda, plums, yamatcheri ndi zipatso zamtundu wa zipatso zimapangitsa kukula kwachuma. Mabau ndi ma gour ali ndi mashuga ambiri omwe amapezeka mosavuta, choncho ndi mtundu wachiwiri wa 2 komanso shuga ya mtundu woyamba, ndibwino kuti asatengeke.

Gome likuwonetsa zomwe zili pazipatso zonse, zosasindikizidwa.

Zogulitsa	XE mu 100 g	pa 1 XE
		gawo la muyeso	Kuchuluka
apulo	1,2	zidutswa	1
peyala	1,2		1
quince	0,7		1
maula	1,2		3-4
apurikoti	0,8		2-3
sitiroberi	0,6		10
wokoma chitumbuwa	1,0		10
chitumbuwa	1,1		15
mphesa	1,4		12
lalanje	0,7		1
mandimu	0,4		3
tangerine	0,7		2-3
chipatso cha mphesa	0,6		1/2
nthochi	1,3		1/2
makangaza	0,6		1
pichesi	0,8		1
kiwi	0,9		1
lingonberry	0,7	supuni	7
jamu	0,8		6
currant	0,8		7
rasipiberi	0,6		8
mabulosi akutchire	0,7		8
chinanazi	0,7	—
chivwende	0,4	—
vwende	1,0	—

Lamulo la odwala matenda ashuga: ngati mukusankha, zipatso kapena msuzi, sankhani zipatso. Ili ndi mavitamini ambiri komanso zakudya zopatsa mphamvu pang'onopang'ono. Pulogalamu yotsekemera ya mafakitale, tiyi wa iced, timadzi tokoma tokhala ndi shuga wowonjezeredwa ndizoletsedwa.

Gome likuwonetsa zomwe zimapezekanso timadziti 100% popanda shuga wowonjezera.

Confectionery

Maswiti aliwonse amaloledwa pokhapokha ngati pali mtundu woyamba wa matenda ashuga. Anthu odwala matenda ashuga a mtundu 2 amatsutsana, chifukwa angapangitse kuchuluka kwa shuga. Zakudya zotsekemera, zopangidwa mkaka limodzi ndi zipatso zimakonda, ndipo kuwonjezera kwa zotsekemera ndizotheka.

Ndiosafunikanso kugwiritsa ntchito confectionery yapadera kwa odwala matenda ashuga. Mwa iwo, shuga amasinthidwa ndi fructose. Maswiti oterowo amachulukitsa glycemia pang'onopang'ono kuposa masiku, koma kugwiritsa ntchito kawirikawiri kumawononga chiwindi.

werengani zambiri >>

Zogulitsa		XE mu 100 g
shuga ndi shuga woyengetsa, shuga ya icing		10
wokondedwa		8
waffles		6,8
mabisiketi		5,5
makeke a shuga		6,1
obera		5,7
makeke ophikira		6,4
marshmowows		6,7
pastille		6,7
chokoleti	zoyera	6
	mkaka	5
	lakuda	5,3
	owawa	4,8
maswiti

Gulu la mkate ndi lingaliro lomwe limayambitsidwa mu endocrinology pakuwerengedwa kolondola kwa chakudya ndi mlingo wa insulin kwa wodwala. 1 mkate mkate ndi wofanana 12 magalamu a chakudya ndipo pamafunika magawo 1-4 a insulin chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwake.

Matenda a shuga ndi matenda amtundu wa endocrine omwe amayamba chifukwa cha kupindika kwa shuga. Mukamawerengera zakudya zamafuta, ndiye kuchuluka kwa chakudya chambiri chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito chomwe chimaganiziridwa. Pakuwerengera katundu wazakudya zamafuta, magawo a mkate amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa matenda ashuga.