Shuga Wokoma

Novembala 14 ndi Tsiku la Anthu Asewera Padziko Lonse. Patsikuli, Frederick Grant Bunting, yemwe ndi katswiri wazolimbitsa thupi, adabadwa, pomwe mu 1921, pamodzi ndi anzawo adapeza insulini, yomwe imayang'anira shuga. Insulin imathandizira kugwetsa chakudya ndi shuga, kuzisandutsa mphamvu za thupi.

Bunting adalandira Mphoto ya Nobel chifukwa cha kupezeka kwa insulin. Chaka chimodzi pambuyo pake, wasayansiyo adapulumutsa moyo wa mwana wazaka 14 wodwala matenda a shuga pomubaya.

Kodi matenda ashuga ndi chiani?

Matenda a shuga ndi matenda oopsa a carbohydrate. Pali mitundu iwiri yayikulu yamatendawa:

• Lembani I - pamene thupi silipanga insulin yokwanira ndipo odwala amakakamizidwa kubayiranso mahomoni,
• Mtundu Wachiwiri - insulin ikapangidwa mwanjira zabwinobwino kapena kuchuluka, koma thupi silingathe kuligwiritsa ntchito moyenera, chifukwa njira yolumikizirana ndi maselo imasweka. Odwala a shuga II amtundu wa mankhwala amakupatsani zakudya kapena mankhwala a hypoglycemic.

Type Iabetes mellitus imapezeka pafupifupi 10-15% ya milandu, ndipo mtundu II wa shuga umakhala ndi 85-90%.

8% ya anthu padziko lapansi ndi odwala matenda ashuga

Malinga ndi UN, anthu opitilira 400 miliyoni padziko lonse lapansi akudwala matenda ashuga (oposa 8% ya anthu onse), ndipo anthu 1.5 miliyoni amafa chifukwa cha matendawa chaka chilichonse.

Monga tafotokozera mu Unduna wa Zaumoyo ku Russia, mdziko lathu kuchuluka kwa odwala matenda ashuga amtundu wa II amakula chaka chilichonse ndi 6% ndipo atha kupitilira 15 miliyoni pofika 2030. Malinga ndi kafukufuku wa chaka cha 2015, anthu oposa 4 miliyoni a ku Russia apezeka ndi matenda ashuga.

Ngakhale kuti lero shuga ndi chimodzi mwazomwe zimayambitsa kulumala ndi kufa ndi khansa komanso matenda amtima, pali malingaliro olakwika ambiri ozungulira. Nthawi zambiri anthu sazindikira mokwanira zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa. TASS adalekanitsa nthano ndi zoonadi.

Ngati muli ndi shuga wambiri, mutha kudwala matenda ashuga.

Chifukwa cha dzinali, ambiri amakhulupirira kuti kumwa shuga wambiri kumabweretsa shuga. Izi sizowona konse. Palibe umboni kuti shuga palokha imayambitsa matenda a shuga. Komabe, kusuta kwa maswiti kumathandizira kunenepa kwambiri, komwe kumakulitsa chiopsezo chokhala ndi matenda a shuga a II. Ponena za matenda a shuga a mtundu wa I, palibe chilichonse chokonda shuga, chifukwa mtunduwu ndi matenda amtundu.

Ngati munthu wonenepa kwambiri, adzadwaladwala, ndipo matenda ashuga sawopseza khungu

Kudya mopitilira muyeso komanso kukhala moyo wosalira zambiri kumakulitsa mwayi wokhala ndi matenda a shuga a II, koma zinthu zina, monga genetic kapena ukalamba, zimakhudzanso izi. Chifukwa chake, kukwanira sikutanthauza kuti munthu adzakhala ndi matenda ashuga.

Matendawa amatha kukhudza anthu omwe ali ndi mtundu uliwonse wa thupi. Mitundu I ya odwala matenda ashuga amakonda kukhala ndi thanzi labwino.

Matendawa amatengera ana, odwala matenda ashuga atha kudwala

Choyamba, sikuti matenda a shuga omwe amayambitsidwa, koma amawakonda. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuti musanyalanyaze kupewa - kudya bwino komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi.

Ponena za kuthekera kwa matendawa, malinga ndi endocrinologists, ndi 25-30% ngati makolo onse ali ndi matenda A shuga, ndipo 70-80% ngati mayi ndi bambo ali ndi matenda a shuga II. Pankhani ya matenda a banja limodzi lokha, chiopsezo chotenga matendawa chimachepa.

Ndikofunika kudziwa kuti ngakhale palibe wachibale aliyense amene akudwala, moyo wongokhala komanso kudya kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kunenepa kwambiri, zimatha kukhudza chitukuko cha matenda ashuga.

Munthu azindikira nthawi yomweyo kuti ali ndi matenda ashuga, chifukwa amva kuwawa

Zizindikiro ndi matenda ashuga sizitchulidwa kawirikawiri. Nthawi zina, munthu amene akudwala matendawa mwina sazindikira momwe alili. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuti mupimidwe pafupipafupi ndi kukayezetsa magazi.

Ngati mumavutitsidwa ndi ludzu pafupipafupi, kuda nkhawa ndi kukodza pafupipafupi komanso kutopa, ndibwino kusanthula magazi kuti mupeze shuga. Zonsezi ndi zizindikiro za matenda ashuga.

Zizindikiro zachilendo za shuga m'magazi (kuyesa kwa chala): pamimba yopanda kanthu - 3,3-55 mmol / L, mutatha kudya - 7.8 mmol / L.

Matenda a shuga ndi sentensi, mavuto atha kupha wodwala kapena kumupangitsa kukhala wolumala

Matenda a shuga ndi oopsa omwe angakhalepo pazovuta zina, kuphatikiza stroko, kugunda kwamtima ndi kutaya kwamaso. Komabe, mankhwala amakono, glucometer (zida zoyezera shuga wamagazi) ndi njira zatsopano zamankhwala zimakulolani kuti muthane ndikuwongolera kuchuluka kwa shuga ndipo mumatha kupewa zovuta.

Anthu odwala matenda ashuga samatha kudya maswiti

M'malo mwake, zakudya zamtundu wa shuga wodwala yemwe amadziwa kupewetsa matenda ake (odziwika ndi malamulo a insulin Therapy ndi pulogalamu yowerengera mafuta amthupi) sizosiyana ndi zakudya za munthu wathanzi.

Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga amtundu wa II samalimbikitsidwa kudya shuga ndi zakudya zopatsa shuga ("zofulumira"). Muyeneranso kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa mafuta. Ndiye kuti, ndikokwanira kuti odwala azitsatira mfundo za chakudya chamagulu, zomwe zimaphatikizapo zinthu zomwe zili ndi shuga.

Uchi ndi zipatso mmalo mwa shuga zimatha kudyedwa mopanda malire.

Kupanga uchi mu uchi kumachulukitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi momwemonso shuga wokhazikika.

Ponena za zipatso, muyenera kulingalira kuti kuphatikiza pa fiber ndi mavitamini, zimakhala ndi mafuta ochulukirapo, omwe angayambitse kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kukaonana ndi dokotala za mitundu ndi kuchuluka kwa zipatso zomwe zingaphatikizidwe muzakudya.

Kodi ndizotheka kutenga matenda a shuga kuchokera m'maswiti?

Kwa zaka zambiri osalimbana ndi ma DIABETES?

Mutu wa Bungwe: “Mudzadabwitsidwa kuti kumakhala kovuta motani kuchiritsa matenda a shuga tsiku lililonse.

Moyo wokoma nthawi zambiri umabweretsa mavuto azaumoyo. Kodi pali matenda ashuga kuchokera ku maswiti? Malinga ndi WHO, ku Russia anthu mamiliyoni asanu ndi anayi ndi theka amalembetsedwa mwalamulo ndi matenda ashuga. Malinga ndi kulosera kwa zamankhwala, pofika chaka cha 2030 chiwerengerochi ku Russian Federation chidzafika 25 miliyoni.

Sakufunikira chithandizo chamankhwala, koma ayenera kusintha moyo wawo kuti asafe msanga chifukwa cha matenda ashuga. Kulipira chifukwa chokonda kugula maswiti otchipa kungakhale shuga.

Aliyense womaliza maphunziro pasukuluyi ayenera kukhala wokhoza kuthetsa machitidwe osiyanitsa, koma sangathe kudzipangira njira yochitira masewera olimbitsa thupi, yofanana ndi luso lake, kapena chakudya chatsiku ndi tsiku. Pakadali pano, Unduna wa Zaumoyo umachenjeza kuti: "Maswiti amachititsa kuti anthu azidwala matenda ashuga!" Kodi zakudya zamafuta onse ndizowopsa kwa anthu athanzi, ndipo zochuluka motani?

Zoyambitsa matenda ashuga

Madokotala ambiri amati matenda ashuga, makamaka a chiwiri, ndi kobwezera moyo wawo ndi zomwe amakonda. Tikamadya osati chifukwa chanjala, koma kuti tikwaniritse nthawi yathu, kuti tikhazikitse chisangalalo chathu komanso kungokhala ndi zochitika zina, kusintha kovuta mu dongosolo la endocrine sikulephera. Chizindikiro chachikulu cha matenda asymptomatic ndi kuwonjezeka kwa shuga m'magazi, omwe amatha kupezeka ndi kufufuza kulikonse.

Njira yogaya chakudya imaphwanya shuga kuchokera ku chakudya cham'madzi (makeke, chimanga, pasitala, mbatata, maswiti, zipatso) mu shuga, fructose, ndi sucrose. Glucose okha ndiomwe amapereka mphamvu yangwiro kwa thupi. Mlingo wake mwa anthu athanzi umachokera pa 3,3-5.5 mmol / L, maola 2 mutatha chakudya - mpaka 7 mmol / L. Ngati chizolowezicho chidapitilira, ndizotheka kuti munthu adya kwambiri maswiti kapena ali kale ndi vuto la matenda a shuga.

Chifukwa chachikulu chomwe chimayambitsa matenda a shuga a 2 ndikuwukaniza kwa maselo kupita ku insulin yawo yomwe thupi limapanga mopitirira muyeso. Kashiamu yamafuta yomwe imatseka khungu mkati mwa mtundu wam'mimba, pamene masitolo amafuta akhazikika kwambiri pamimba, amachepetsa chidwi cha mahomoni. Mafuta ochulukirapo, omwe amakhala pakatikati pa ziwalo, amalimbikitsa kupanga mahomoni omwe amachititsa shuga yachiwiri.

Gwero lalikulu lamafuta lomwe limayikidwa pazinthu zamafuta si mafuta, monga momwe anthu ambiri amaganizira, koma zopatsa mphamvu zamafuta, kuphatikiza maswiti. Mwa zina:

• Heredity - mtundu woyamba komanso wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga ali ndi vuto lobadwa nawo (5-10%), zochitika zakunja (kusowa masewera olimbitsa thupi, kunenepa kwambiri) zimakulitsa chithunzicho.
• Matenda - matenda ena (ma mumps, kachilombo ka Coxsackie, rubella, cytomegalovirus atha kukhala choyambitsa poyambitsa matenda a shuga,
• Kunenepa kwambiri - minofu ya adipose (minofu yolimbitsa thupi - oposa 25 kg / sq. M) imagwira ntchito chotchinga chomwe chimachepetsa kugwira ntchito kwa insulin,
• Hypertension komanso kunenepa kwambiri komanso matenda ashuga amaonedwa ngati chinthu chimodzi chosagawanika,
• Atherosulinosis - vuto la lipid metabolism limathandizira kuti pakhale mapangidwe opendekera komanso kuchepetsedwa kwa bedi lamitsempha, thupi lonse limavutika ndi magazi osakwanira - kuchokera ku ubongo kupita kumapeto.

Anthu okalamba okhwima nawonso ali pachiwopsezo: funde loyamba la mliri wa matenda a shuga limalembedwa ndi madokotala pambuyo pa zaka 40, lachiwiri - pambuyo 65. Matenda a shuga amaphatikizika ndi atherosulinosis yamitsempha yamagazi, makamaka yomwe imapereka magazi ku kapamba.

Mwa 4% ya obwera kumene omwe chaka chilichonse amachita nawo matenda ashuga, 16% ndi anthu opitilira 65.

Odwala omwe ali ndi hepatic komanso a revo pathologies, azimayi omwe ali ndi polycystic ovary, anthu omwe amakhala ndi moyo wokhala pachiwopsezo, komanso aliyense amene amamwa mankhwala a steroid ndi mitundu ina ya mankhwala, amathandizanso mndandanda wachisoni.

Mutha kupeza matenda ashuga mukakhala ndi pakati. Ngati kulemera kwa wakhanda kupitilira 4 makilogalamu, izi zikuwonetsa kuti mzimayi anali ndi kudumpha mu shuga panthawi ya bere, kapamba poyankha adakulitsa kupanga insulini ndipo kulemera kwa fetal kumawonjezeka. Mwana wakhanda amatha kukhala wathanzi (ali ndi njira yake yogaya), koma amayi ake ali kale ndi prediabetes. Pangozi ndi ana osabadwa, popeza kapamba wawo amapangidwa kale.

Zizindikiro kuti mukudya shuga wambiri muvidiyoyi

Matenda A shuga: Zabodza ndi Zowona

Kufotokozera kwa akatswiri pazakudya za munthu wodwala matenda ashuga sikuti kumamvedwa ndi anthu osakhudzidwa, chifukwa chake anthu amafunitsitsa kufalitsa nkhani zabodza, ndikuwalemeretsa ndi zatsopano.

1. Aliyense amene amadya maswiti ambiri amadwala matenda ashuga. Ngati zakudya zili zofunikira komanso njira za metabolic zimakhala zabwinobwino, chisamaliro chokwanira chimaperekedwa ku masewera ndipo palibe mavuto amtundu, kapamba ndiwathanzi, maswiti abwino komanso osakwanira malire sangakhale othandiza.
2. Mutha kuthana ndi matenda a shuga ndi wowerengeka azitsamba. Mankhwala azitsamba angagwiritsidwe ntchito pokhapokha ngati pali zovuta kuchiza, endocrinologist yekha ndi amene amatha kusintha mlingo wa insulin ndi mankhwala a hypoglycemic.
3. Ngati pali odwala matenda ashuga m'banjamo, mwayi wokhala ndi matenda ashuga wayandikira 100%. Malinga ndi malingaliro onse, moyo wathanzi, chiopsezo kupha kapamba wanu ndizochepa.
4. Mowa umathandizira kuchepetsa magazi. Pakalibe insulin, adayesa kuchitira odwala matenda ashuga. Koma kusintha kwakanthawi pang'ono mu glucometer kumangofotokozedwa pokhapokha kuti mowa umalepheretsa kupanga shuga ndi chiwindi, koma umalepheretsa ntchito zake zonse.
5. Shuga akhoza kusinthidwa ndi fructose otetezeka. Zopatsa mphamvu za calorie ndi glycemic index ya fructose siziposa shuga woyenga. Imamumwedwa pang'onopang'ono, chifukwa chake zotsatira zake pakulimbitsa thupi sizikulosera, mulimonse, okhawo omwe amamugulitsa amangowona ngati chakudya. Zokoma sizilinso zosankha: konse, izi ndizopanda tanthauzo, ndipo koopsa, ma carcinogens oopsa.
6. Ngati mayi ali ndi shuga wambiri, sayenera kutenga pakati. Ngati mayi wachinyamata wathanzi lathunthu alibe mavuto obwera chifukwa cha matenda ashuga, pokonzekera kutenga pakati, amangofunika kukayezetsa ndi kuopsa kwakukulu kuti madokotala sangatsutse pakati
7. Ndi shuga wambiri, masewera olimbitsa thupi amakhala otsutsana. Kuchita minofu ndikofunikira pakuchizira matenda ashuga, chifukwa kumathandizira kukonza kagayidwe kazakudya ndi shuga.

Kanemayo mutha kuwona zokambirana ndi Purezidenti wa Russian Diabetes Association M.V. Bogomolov, poyankha pamalingaliro onse komanso zowona zazokhudza matenda a shuga.

Kupereka maswiti komanso kupewa matenda ashuga

Magawo awiri mwa atatu a anthu onenepa ali ndi vuto la kuyamwa kwa shuga. Izi sizitanthauza kuti mukakana makeke, maswiti ndi koloko wokoma, mumachotsedwa mu gulu la oopsa. Kulemera kwakukulu kumalimbikitsidwa ndi kupezeka kwakanthawi kwa chakudya chamafuta m'zakudya:

• Mpunga wopukutidwa,
• Zinthu zopangidwa ndi ufa wa premium,
• Yoyengedwa shuga ndi fructose.

Musayese kuchuluka kwa kagayidwe kanu mothandizidwa ndi zinthu zomwe zimakhala ndi zopatsa mphamvu zophatikizika pang'ono:

• Brown paddy mpunga
• Zinthu zophika buledi kuchokera ku ufa wopanda nzeru ndi chinangwa,
• Mbewu zonse za chimanga
• Shuga wodera.

Ngati zizindikiro za mita sizili kusokoneza, mutha kudzisangalatsanso ndi chokoleti kapena nthochi - ma antidepressants achilengedwe omwe amathandizira kupanga endorphin - mahomoni osangalatsa. Ndikofunika kuthana ndi izi kuti kuthana ndi nkhawa mothandizidwa ndi zakudya zamagulu owonjezera sichinthu chizolowezi. Choyamba, chenjezo ili likugwira ntchito kwa omwe matupi awo amayamba kunenepa kwambiri kapena ali ndi abale omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga m'mabanja.

Ngati pali zovuta zina za matenda a shuga zomwe zilipo, kupewa kuyenera kuchitidwa mwachangu. Mfundo zake zachidule ndizosavuta komanso zotheka kupezeka.

1. Zakudya zoyenera. Makolo amafunika kuwongolera kudya kwa ana. Ku America, kumene kashiamu ya sopo imadziwika kuti ndi chakudya wamba, gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a ana limakhala ndi kunenepa kwambiri komanso mtundu 2 wa matenda ashuga.
2. Kuthetsa madzi m'thupi. Kusintha kwa glucose sikutheka popanda madzi oyera. Imafinya magazi, imalepheretsa mapangidwe azigazi, imayenda bwino ndi magazi ake. Kapu ya madzi musanadye iyenera kukhala yofala. Palibe zakumwa zina zomwe zidzasinthe madzi.
3. Zakudya zochepa za carb Ngati pali zovuta ndi kapamba, kuchuluka kwa chimanga, zamapichesi, masamba omwe amakula pansi pa nthaka, zipatso zotsekemera ziyenera kuchepetsedwa. Izi zimachepetsa katundu pa endocrine system, kuthandizira kuchepetsa thupi.
4. Mitundu yoyenera ya minofu. Zochita zolimbitsa thupi zatsiku ndi tsiku zokhudzana ndi msinkhu komanso mkhalidwe waumoyo ndizofunikira kwambiri kupewa kupewa matenda ashuga okha, komanso mtima wa mtima ndi zovuta zina zambiri. Kulimbitsa thupi mopitilira muyeso kumatha kulowedwa ndikuyenda mu mpweya watsopano, kukwera masitepe (m'malo mwa chikepe), masewera olimbitsa thupi ndi adzukulu, komanso njinga m'malo mwagalimoto.
5. Kuchita koyenera kupsinjika. Choyamba, muyenera kupewa kucheza ndi anthu ankhanza, ma pessimists, odwala omwe ali ndi mphamvu zochepa, yesetsani kukhala mwamtendere m'malo alionse, osagonjera chifukwa chokwiyitsa. Kukana zizolowezi zoipa (zakumwa zoledzeretsa, kusuta fodya), ndikuti kumachepetsa nkhawa, kumathandizanso kulimbitsa thupi komanso kupewa chitetezo chamthupi. Muyeneranso kuwunika momwe mumagona
6. Kusamalira nyengo ya chimfine. Popeza ma virus amatha kuyambitsa njira ya autoimmune yomwe imayambitsa kukula kwa matenda ashuga, matenda ayenera kutayidwa posachedwa. Kusankhidwa kwa mankhwala sikuyenera kuvulaza kapamba.
7. Kuyang'anira shuga. Mitundu yamakono ya moyo sicholola kuti aliyense alabadire thanzi lawo.Aliyense amene ali pachiwopsezo cha matenda ashuga ayenera kuyang'anitsitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga kunyumba ndi mu labotale, kujambula kusintha kwa zolemba, ndikuyankhulana ndi endocrinologist.

Malinga ndi International Diabetes Association, padziko lonse lapansi pali anthu 275 miliyoni odwala matenda ashuga. Posachedwa, njira zakuchiritsira, komanso momwe amaonera matendawa, zasintha kwambiri, pakati pa madokotala ndi odwala. Ndipo ngakhale kuti katemera wa matenda ashuga sanapangidwe, odwala matenda ashuga ali ndi mwayi wokhala ndi moyo wabwino. Ambiri aiwo akwanitsa zotsatira zabwino pamasewera, ndale, komanso zaluso. Vutoli limakulitsidwa kokha chifukwa cha kusazindikira ndi kusachita kwathu, komwe kumayendetsedwa ndi malingaliro olakwika ndi zigamulo. Kodi matenda a shuga angayambike kuchokera ku maswiti?

Sikuti maswiti omwe amatsogolera ku matenda ashuga, koma kulemera kowonjezera kumene theka la anthu aku Russia aliwonse amakhala nako. Zilibe kanthu kuti adakwaniritsa bwanji izi - makeke kapena soseji.

Pulogalamu "Live wathanzi" pa kanemayo, pomwe Pulofesa E. Malysheva anena za nthano za matenda ashuga, ndikutsimikizanso kwina:

Kodi ndingapeze nawo shuga ndikamadya zonse zomwe zili zokoma?

Funso: Moni. Ndinawonera pulogalamu yokhudza matenda ashuga, ndikuopa kuwapeza. Koma chowonadi ndichakuti ndimakonda maswiti. Ndiuzeni, kodi ndizotheka kupeza shuga ndikudya maswiti okoma tsiku lililonse?

Yankho: Masana abwino. M'malo mwake, mukuchita zoyenera zomwe mukuopa. Kutulutsa kosasamala kwa maswiti ndi komwe kumapangitsa kukula kwa matenda ashuga, chifukwa pakadali pano shuga amadziunjikira m'magazi, kenako amafalikira ku ziwalo zonse. Zimasintha glucose kukhala mphamvu, timadzi tating'onoting'ono timene timapanga cell.

Ngati pali shuga wambiri m'magazi, kapamba amayenera "kutuluka thukuta" kuti apange insulin yokwanira. Chifukwa chake, chiwalo chimadzaza, chomwe chimamupanikiza kwambiri. Ndipo kupsinjika komwe kumapitirira, ndizomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikondazo zithe.

Chifukwa chakuchepa kwake, kupanga insulin kumakulirakulira komanso matenda ashuga amatha. Zikuwonjezera kuthekera kwa matendawa kukhala onenepa. Pofuna kuti musalandire shuga m'maswiti, ndibwino kuti muzigwiritsa ntchito pang'ono.

(Kodi ndizotheka kulandira shuga m'maswiti)

Zosangalatsa za tsabola kwa anthu odwala matenda ashuga

Chiwerengero cha anthu omwe amadya tsabola m'njira iliyonse sangadziwike bwino. Izi zimachitika chifukwa choti kuchuluka kwake ndi kwakukulu kwambiri, monga momwe zimakhalira ndi sinamoni. Pankhani imeneyi, ngakhale ndi matenda ashuga, ambiri sangakane izi zokometsera kapena zosakaniza mu saladi kapena mphodza. Kodi ndizotheka kuti odwala matenda ashuga azitha kudya tsabola, kuchuluka kwake ndi momwe angagwiritsire ntchito?

Kodi sangathe kapena tsabola?

Polankhula za tsabola paliponse, ziyenera kudziwika kuti mankhwalawa, komanso Yerusalemu artichoke, atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati ali ndi matenda ashuga, koma osati mitundu yake yonse. Izi zikufotokozedwa mopitilira motere: monga momwe amadziwika, odwala matenda ashuga amakakamizidwa kuti azitsatira kadyedwe kokhazikika kovomerezeka. Zimangotanthauza kugwiritsa ntchito zakudya zokha, mndandandawu umaphatikizanso ginger, yemwe samakulitsa kuchuluka kwa glucose kapena kuchuluka, koma pang'onopang'ono kwambiri.

Ndikofunikanso kusamalira zinthu zomwe zimapangitsa kwambiri thanzi lathu la matenda ashuga. Pepper ndiyofanana ndi malonda awa, ofanana ndi bee subpestilence. Khalani achi Bulgaria, okoma, ofiira kapena akuda. Komabe, mitundu yonse yomwe ikuperekedwa ili ndi malamulo ake kuti agwiritse ntchito, omwe ayenera kukambirana mwanjira ina.

Chibugariya

Choyamba, ndikofunikira kunena za tsabola wokha ngati Bulgaria. Izi, mosasamala za mtundu, kaya ndi zofiira kapena zachikaso, ziyenera kuganiziridwa:

• nyumba yosungirako yapadera yamagulu a mavitamini osiyanasiyana (kuyambira A ndi E, komanso B1, mpaka B2 ndi B6),
• mchere (zinc, phosphorous, potaziyamu, magnesium ndi ena ambiri).

Kuphatikiza apo, gawo ili la Chibugariya ndi la gulu loyambirira la zinthu limodzi ndi ma buckwheat, omwe amadziwika ndi zochepa zama calorie ndipo mu shuga mellitus amatha kudyedwa mulimonse, ngakhale kukula kwakukulu.

Kuphatikiza apo, tsabola wa belu uli ndi kapangidwe kake monga ascorbic acid, mogwirizana ndi izi, kugwiritsa ntchito masamba omwe amapezeka nthawi zonse kumatha kuthandizira kwambiri chitetezo cha mthupi, kuchepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi ndikusintha magawo oyenera a magazi.

Popeza ambiri mwa omwe adakumana ndi matenda a shuga amakhala m'gulu la anthu omwe ali ndi chiwonetsero chokwanira kwambiri cha magazi omwe ali ndi chizolowezi chachikulu, mawonekedwe a tsabola amatha kupereka chikhazikitso pamkhalidwe wawo. Ichi ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zabwino zomwe gawo la ku Bulgaria ili nalo.

Mndandandandawu umaphatikizaponso ma akina omwe amayang'anira "thanzi" lamitsempha yamagazi ndi ma capillaries, omwe, ndi chitsimikizo cha kayendedwe kosasunthika ka zinthu zofunikira kwa ambiri, ngati si onse, ziwalo.

Ndizofunikira kudziwa kuti zokoma za ku Bulgaria ndizoyenera kupanga juwisi. Ndikulimbikitsidwa ndi akatswiri kuti athandizire thupi la odwala matenda ashuga omwe ali ndi zovuta za matenda ashuga.

Tsabola wokoma, inde, ndizovomerezeka kwa odwala matenda ashuga. Koma zimakhala zolondola kwambiri kuchita izi zazing'ono, chifukwa mndandanda wawo wa glycemic ndiwokwera kwambiri. Nthawi yomweyo, zotsekemera sizikhala ndi zopatsa mphamvu zambiri.

Komanso chomukonda ndi chakuti chimadziwika ndi madzi ambiri. Pankhaniyi, imatha kudyedwa, koma ndiyabwino kwambiri mu saladi zamasamba zilizonse, sopo kapena mbale, mwachitsanzo, stew. Tsabola wamtunduwu sayenera kukhala wopangira wamkulu, koma wothandizirana nawo. Mwanjira iyi, phindu la kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwake lidzakhala lokwanira.

Izi ndizomwe zimatchedwa tsabola wotentha, zomwe zimadziwika kuti chilli, komanso cayenne. Mankhwala achikhalidwe, mankhwala ofiwalawa sangokhala mankhwala othandiza kwambiri, komanso mankhwala othandiza. Tiyeneranso kukumbukiranso kuti masamba opitilira pamenepo, omwe ndi abwino kuposa masamba, omwe ndi tsabola wofiira, amakhala ndi capsaicin nthawi zonse. Ndi chinthu kuchokera pamndandanda wa alkaloids ndipo umagwiritsidwa ntchito:

1. magazi
2. Matenda a magazi,
3. konza ntchito yogaya chakudya.

Komanso, masamba ofiira, kapena m'malo mwake nyemba zake, amaphatikiza magulu ambiri a mavitamini: kuyambira PP, P, B1, B2, mpaka A ndi P. Kuphatikiza apo, carotene, iron, zinki ndi phosphorous zilimo. Komanso tsabola wofiirayu ndiofunikira kwenikweni kwa iwo omwe amatenga matenda amaso, kuchuluka kwa chitetezo chokwanira kumachepetsedwa ndipo kutopa kumawonedwa. Adzakhala mankhwala abwino kwambiri.

Komabe, ndi matenda ashuga, ndikofunikira kuti musangoganizira zopindulitsa zake zokha, komanso mawonekedwe a kukoma. Pachifukwa ichi, kudya chinthu chofiira sikuyenera kukhala kambiri.

Ndizosatheka kulingalira kukonzekera pafupifupi mbale zonse popanda kuwonjezera tsabola, kaya pansi kapena nandolo. Chakuda ndi chomwe chimakonda kwambiri zokometsera. Zonunkhira zomwe tafotokozazi zimatha kupatsa chakudya chakudya china chilichonse. Mwa kudya masamba akuda, ndizotheka kusokoneza kugwira ntchito kwa m'mimba ndikuchepetsa mwayi wamagazi. Komabe, ndikosayenera kuti odwala matenda ashuga azigwiritsa ntchito molakwika zomwe zaperekedwa.

Pochizira mafupa, owerenga athu adagwiritsa ntchito DiabeNot bwino. Kuwona kutchuka kwa malonda, tidaganiza zoperekera chidwi chanu.

Ndikofunikira komanso koyenera kugwiritsa ntchito tsabola wakuda nthawi zambiri, nthawi ndi nthawi kuphika nyama ndi mafuta ochepa kapena masamba a masamba ndi tsabola ngati nandolo.

Zakudya zopatsa thanzi kwa anthu odwala matenda ashuga ziyenera kukhala zabwino komanso zosiyana nthawi imodzi. Tsabola aliyense, kuphatikiza wakuda ndi wofiyira, ayenera kungogwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zinthu zomwe zingathandize kwambiri thanzi la wodwala aliyense popanda kusokoneza thanzi lawo.

Chifukwa chake, malonda ali mu mtundu uliwonse: wakuda, wofiyira, wokoma komanso Chibugariya amakhala othandiza kwa iwo omwe akulimbana ndi matenda ashuga.

ZABODZA 1. Matenda a shuga amabwera chifukwa chomwa shuga wambiri.

Inde, kumwa kwambiri shuga kumadzetsa thanzi, kumabweretsa kunenepa kwambiri, koma zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale mtundu wa matenda ashuga 1 kapena mtundu 2 wa shuga. Mtundu woyamba wa matenda a shuga a mellitus ndimatenda a chitetezo cha mthupi omwe amakonzedwa ndi makulidwe a insulin. Mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda a shuga ndi matenda obwera chifukwa cha kunenepa.

ZABODZA 2. Buckwheat ndi kefir ndizothandiza kwambiri kwa matenda ashuga.

Amakhulupirira kuti ngati mupukuta buckwheat ndikuyika mu kapu ya kefir, ndiye kuti shuga amatsika. Mu nthawi za Soviet, buckwheat ankapatsidwanso kuponi kwa odwala matenda ashuga.

Tiyeni tionenso nthano iyi. Buckwheat ndi chinthu chomwe chili ndi mafuta ambiri ovuta, ndipo osatsika, koma mokulira amachulukitsa shuga wamagazi, monga phala lililonse "crumbly" (mapira, barele la ngale, mpunga).

Kefir ndi mankhwala amkaka omwe ali ndi shuga mkaka - lactose, motero, amathandizanso kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi.

Kefir ndi buckwheat ndi magwero a chakudya chamagulu omwe amafunikira muzakudya zathu. Koma kumwa kwawo shuga ayenera kukhala ochepa, chifukwa iwo, monga chakudya chilichonse, amakulitsa shuga.

ZABODZA 3. Kupanga shuga, mphesa ndi nzimbe zimachulukitsa shuga m'magazi pang'ono pokha.

Fructose ndi shuga ena achilengedwe amakhalanso shuga. Koma sizikhudza ma hexoses, monga glucose, koma ma ribos (pentoses). Mu thupi, limasandulika kukhala glucose kudzera mu zochita zamitundu mitundu zomwe zimatchedwa "pentose shunt".

Tsoka ilo, nthawi zambiri zinthu zomwe zimatchedwa kuti za matenda ashuga (maswiti) zimakonzedwa pamitundu iyi ya shuga ndikusocheretsa odwala za chitetezo chawo pakuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi.

ZOTHANDIZA 5. Pa matenda ashuga, chakudya chamafuta chimayenera kukhala chochepa kwambiri momwe mungathere.

Zakudya zopatsa thanzi ndiwo maziko a zakudya, ziyenera kukhala zopitilira 60% za zakudya, ndipo simukuyenera kuti muchepetse malire a matenda ashuga.
Koma zokonda ziyenera kuperekedwa kwa zovuta zamankhwala (chimanga, masamba, mkate, pasitala).

Ndi matenda a shuga a mtundu woyamba, ngati ali pansi paulamuliro wabwino, mutha kugwiritsanso ntchito mafuta osavuta (shuga, confectionery). Zakudya zopatsa thanzi ndi mtundu uwu wa shuga ndizofanana ndi chizolowezi.
Ndi mtundu 2 wa shuga, zakudya zosavuta zamafuta ziyenera kutayidwa, komanso kupatula mafuta a nyama ndikuwunika zomwe zili mkati mwa calorie.

BWINO 8. Mafuta a magazi ayenera kutsimikiziridwa pokhapokha pamimba yopanda kanthu.

Kuti mupeze kubwezeretsedwa kwa matenda ashuga komanso kulondola kwa njira ya hypoglycemic, ndikofunikira kuwunika kuchuluka kwa glucose m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Zimatengera mtundu wa chithandizo:

· Ndi inshuwaransi yolimbitsa, uyenera kuchitika musanadye chakudya chilichonse, kuti musinthe mlingo wa insulin woperekedwa "pakudya" komanso pogona.

Mukamamwa mapiritsi a hypoglycemic othandizira, amatha kuwongolera pafupipafupi, koma osati pamimba yopanda kanthu, komanso 2 maola itatha chakudya.

ZABODZA 14. Odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga sayenera kusewera masewera.

Zochita zamasewera ndizopindulitsa kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga, omwe ali ndi mwayi wopeza bwino komanso kuwongolera glycemia wawo, omwe amadziwa momwe angasinthire zakudya zawo kapena asinthe mlingo wa insulin yomwe idatumizidwa musanakonzekere kulimbitsa thupi.

Pa shuga kuposa 13 mmol / l, makilogalamu ali osavomerezeka chifukwa chodabwitsika chimachitika ndi kuwonjezeka kwakukulu kwa shuga m'magazi.

ZABODZA 16. Amayi omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga sangakhale ndi ana.

Ndikukonzekera koyenera kwa pakati, odwala omwe ali ndi matenda opatsirana bwino omwe amayang'aniridwa ndi madokotala odziwa bwino (endocrinologist ndi obstetrician) amanyamula ndi kubereka ana athanzi popanda kuvulaza thanzi lawo.

Ngati mukusamala ndi mafunso omwe mumapeza mayankho otsutsana kwambiri kapena owopsa pa intaneti, lemberani endocrinologist waumoyo wanu. Iye adzakupatsani yankho loyenera ndikukuphunzitsani momwe mungachitire bwino nthawi yopatsidwa.

Kodi matenda ashuga angachokere pakudya kwambiri maswiti?

Anthu ambiri amafunsa funso kuti: "Ngati pali zotsekemera kwambiri, kodi padzakhala matenda ashuga?" Makolo, poopa kuti shuga mwa mwana adzachuluka, muchepetse m'maswiti. Komabe, iyi si njira yeniyeni. Glucose imakhudzidwa ndi zochitika zamagetsi. M'mawu osavuta, awa ndiye gwero lathu lamphamvu. Chifukwa choti ana ndi othandizira kwambiri, matupi awo "amagwiritsa ntchito" shuga omwe adalandira. Zomwe sizinganene za ana omwe ali ochepa pamayendedwe awo.

Madokotala amati matenda ashuga ndi gulu la matenda omwe amadziwika chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa nthawi yayitali magazi. Apa gawo lalikulu limachitika ndi vuto la chibadwa. Komabe, zinthu zoopsa zimayambitsa matendawa - kusayenda bwino komanso kunenepa kwambiri.

Zofunika! Odwala ambiri amadwala matenda a shuga a mtundu wachiŵiri, omwe sanatchulidwe kwambiri chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa insulin monga kuchepa kwa chidwi cha minyewa yawo.

Kugwiritsa ntchito maswiti ambiri palokha sikuti kumabweretsa chitukuko cha matenda. Zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa zili m'chenicheni chifukwa chakuti mano osasunthika osagwiritsidwa ntchito kwenikweni ndi anthu omwe ali onenepa kwambiri. Poganizira kuti kugwiritsa ntchito shuga kumapangitsa kuti mahomoni azisangalalo a endorphin, sikuti aliyense wokonda maswiti adzafunika kusintha chizolowezi chake ndi masewera akunja kapena kuyenda.

Kodi glucose amalowa bwanji m'magazi

Kuti mumvetsetse zomwe zimachitika m'thupi ndi matenda, muyenera kumvetsetsa momwe zimagwirira ntchito ngati zonse zili zabwinobwino. Selo lililonse m'thupi lathu limafunikira chakudya, kupuma, komanso poizoni. Zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zakudya zizikhala ndi shuga, zimachokera m'magazi. Mukakhala ndi mphamvu kwambiri pafoni, imakhala ndi mphamvu zambiri.

Tiyeni tiwone komwe shuga amawonekera m'magazi. Pambuyo pa chakudya chilichonse, machitidwe a metabolic amapezeka, chifukwa chake omwe mavitamini amabooleka kukhala ma monosaccharides (mitundu yosavuta ya shuga). Kuchokera m'matumbo, amalowa m'magazi. Pali njira ina yolowera - kuchokera ku chiwindi. Mmenemo, glucose amakhala ngati glycogen, yemwe thupi limagwiritsa ntchito kwambiri.

Komabe, kuti gwero la mphamvu ilowe mu cell, zinthu zingapo zofunika ndizofunikira - kukhalapo kwa insulin ya mahomoni ndi chidwi cha minofu yakeyokha ku mahomoni awa. Ngati zifukwa zina sizipangidwa mthupi, khungu limakhala "lanjala". Chifukwa chake, munthu amakhala ndi chidwi chofuna kudya zinazake zokoma. Zotsatira zake, shuga wambiri amayenda m'magazi, omwe sangathe kulowa ziwonetsero za insulin.

Mukasiya zonse zotsekemera, kodi shuga sadzadwalanso?

Tsopano titha kuyankha funso kuti: "Kodi matenda angatenge ngati ndisiyiratu maswiti?" Ngati chilichonse chili mthupi ndi chakudya chamagulu, ndikuphika mashuga osavuta, Lowani mu cell ndikudyetsa, osasiya tiyi kapena mchere wambiri. Kwa ana omwe akusuntha wathanzi kapena achikulire omwe ali ndi moyo wotakataka, izi zimatha kukhala ndi hypoglycemia. Munthawi imeneyi, ketoacidosis (kuchuluka kwa matupi a ketone) kumatha kukula.

Anthu omwe ali pachiwopsezo (cholowa cham'tsogolo, zizolowezi zoipa kapena kusachita masewera olimbitsa thupi), kukana maswiti sikuti chitsimikizo chokwanira choti sipadzakhala matenda ashuga.Glucose imatha kupangidwa kuchokera ku zovuta komanso zovuta zamankhwala chifukwa cha njira ya metabolic. Kuphatikiza makeke, pasitala muzakudya, mutha kuwonjezera mwayi wokhala ndi matenda.

Kuledzera kwa zakudya zama calorie ambiri kuli pafupi ndi isanayambike matenda ashuga. Mphamvu yamphamvu yogwiritsidwa ntchito ndikuwonongeka kcal ndi chakudya kumabweretsa kukula kwa kunenepa kwambiri. Pankhaniyi, ngakhale munthu atakana kwathunthu kudya maswiti, koma nthawi yomweyo amakonda zakudya zachangu, mikate yoyera ndi masikono, mutha kudwala matenda ashuga.

Zoyambitsa matenda a shuga

Tithana ndi zomwe zimayambitsa matenda amitundu yoyamba komanso yachiwiri. Choyambitsa kukhazikika kwa matenda a shuga amtundu woyamba 1 ndimamaselo amaselo omwe amapanga insulin. Chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa timadzi tating'onoting'ono, matenda amayamba. Masewera a glucose ochulukirapo, maselo amasiyidwa opanda chakudya, zomwe zingayambitse kudwala matenda ashuga. Chifukwa chake, odwala matenda ashuga nthawi zonse amafunika kubwezeretsanso insulin kuchokera kunja.

Pali zifukwa zingapo zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ma cell opanga ma cell a beta apange ma cell a beta:

• kuwonongeka kwa ma virus
• zochita za autoimmune (thupi limazindikira kuti maselo ndi achilendo ndipo amawaononga),
• cholowa.

Mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda, momwe muli kusowa kwa mahomoni achibale, ndiofala kwambiri ndipo amachitika pazifukwa izi:

• kunenepa kwambiri, komwe thupi sangathe kupanga kuchuluka kwamahomoni,
• katemera wa insulin wosabereka,
• kusazindikira maselo olandirana ndi ma cell,
• mavuto
• kumangokhala
• chibadwa
• chithandizo chosakwanira ndi glucocorticoids, zinthu za psychoactive, okodzetsa, NSAIDs.

Zofunika! Kunenepa kwambiri mu 90% yamilandu kumakhala pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha matenda ashuga amtundu wa 2, chifukwa ma cell a mafuta samawona bwino insulin motero amaletsa shuga kulowa.

Zikhulupiriro wamba

Matenda a shuga ndi matenda ofala. Chifukwa chake, mantha akuti ngati munthu angadwale maswiti ndi othandizabe. Pali malingaliro olakwika okhudza matenda ashuga omwe madokotala amati amapeka. Gulu lalikulu la malingaliro oterewa limakhudzana ndi zakudya komanso kayendedwe ka insulin.

Nthano 1: uchi, burwheat, mkate wopanda bulauni ndi maapulo wowawasa sukulitsa shuga

Anthu ambiri amati zakudya monga buckwheat, maapulo osawerengeka, uchi, ndi mkate wama bulauni sizikuwonjezera magazi. M'malo mwake, zinthu zonsezi zimakulitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga.

Buckwheat imakhala ndi ma carbohydrate ovuta, omwe amaphwanyidwa kukhala shuga wambiri m'thupi. Uchi wamadzimadzi uli ndi glucose yosungunuka mosiyanasiyana ndi mamolekyu a fructose, mosiyana ndi shuga wokhazikika, yemwe amawonjezeredwa tiyi. Komabe, ngati uchi umayima kwa nthawi yayitali, mamolekyuwo amaphatikizana ndikuwongolera ngati mawonekedwe a sucrose.

Mkate wa brown umakhala ndi wowuma, womwe umayambitsanso shuga. M'malo mwake, kuchuluka kwa shuga sikudalira mtundu wa buledi, koma kuchuluka kwa chakudya ndi ufa womwe zophika zophika buledi. Zocheperako, glucose wofulumira amalowa m'magazi.

Kunena za maapulo, kukoma kwamchere kwa chipatso sikutanthauza mtundu wa glycemia. Zonse zimatengera kukula kwa chipatso. Mitundu ina yomwe imapangidwa imakhala ndi ma organic acid omwe amaphimba kukoma kwa apulo (mwachitsanzo, mitundu ya Antonovka). Chifukwa chake, kudya chipatso chachikulu chakupsa, palibe kukayika kuti glucose adzuka, komanso pambuyo pa chipatso chokoma chofiira.

Bodza # 2: insulin ndiyowonjezera

Mankhwala amtundu uliwonse, kaya ndi mankhwala a shuga, insulin kapena shuga yochepetsera shuga, amagwira ntchito pomwe akugwiritsidwa ntchito. Poterepa, wodwalayo alibe mantha kuti zakudya zomwe zimayambitsa matenda ashuga ndizosokoneza. Mankhwala obayikiridwa amaperekedwa pokhapokha ngati mapiritsi amalephera kapena kukonza kwa thanzi. Izi zikutanthauza kuti maselo sangatulutsenso kuchuluka kwamahomoni. Nthawi zina insulin imayikidwa kwakanthawi, kenako pang'onopang'ono imachepetsa mlingo mpaka kuthe. Chiwembu choterechi chimapangitsa kuti kapamba azichira, ndipo maselo ake amagwira ntchito mokwanira.

Njira zopewera

Pofuna kuti mavuto asakhale ndi shuga wambiri, anthu omwe ali ndi vuto lotha kutsata ayenera kutsatira njira zopewera. Maonekedwe a pathology amaphatikizidwa ndi kudya kosayenera komanso kusachita masewera olimbitsa thupi. Mwakuchepetsa kudya zakudya zosavuta zamagulu ndi kuwerengera zopatsa mphamvu, mutha kuchepetsa chiopsezo chotenga matendawa.

Katundu pa kapamba amatha kuchepetsedwa ndikuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi. Kupeza vuto pakupanga insulin kwa uchidakwa kumakhala kosavuta. Ethanol ndi poizoni wowopsa kwambiri wa chiwindi ndi kapamba.

Mikhalidwe yovuta imayambitsa kusokonezeka kwa ma gonia a endocrine. Mahomoni opsinjika amathandizira kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Zotsatira zake, maselo a beta adzagwira ntchito mopitilira muyeso, zomwe zimatsogolera kutsika kwawo kwakanthawi. Pofuna kuti asadzibweretsere nkhawa, anthu ena "amatenga" nkhawa, kutsamira maswiti. Njirayi imabweretsa kukula kwa kunenepa kwambiri ndikukulitsa chiwopsezo cha matenda a shuga. Muyenera kuchotsa katundu wa psycho-maikutlo osati mothandizidwa ndi maswiti, koma ndi masewera.

Tsopano, titha kunena kuti osati maswiti omwe amayambitsa matenda ashuga. Ntchito yayikulu pakuchitika kwa matenda a zam'mimba imayikidwa ndikuwonetseratu matendawa ndi njira yolakwika. Mutha kuchitira zabwino thupi lanu, ngakhale mutakhala ndi matenda osokoneza bongo a insulin. Chinthu chachikulu ndikutsatira zomwe zimachitika.

Nthano yachidule 1. Maswiti - chifukwa chachikulu cha kunenepa kwambiri

Kukana maswiti ndiye maziko azakudya zambiri, chifukwa chake zikuwoneka kuti chidutswa chilichonse cha keke, maswiti kapena chikho cha tiyi wokoma chimadzasandutsidwa khola lamafuta ndi kilogalamu yowonjezera. Koma maphunziro adatsimikizira kuti kulemera sikumakhudzidwa ndi shuga ndi zakudya zomwe zimadalira, koma kupitilira zopatsa mphamvu za tsiku ndi tsiku zomwe thupi lathu limafunikira. Ndipo ngakhale zakudya zokhala ndi shuga ndizochulukirapo m'makilori, shuga sindiyo chifukwa choyambitsa kunenepa kwambiri.

Bodza lachiwiri 2. Maswiti amawononga mano

Caries zimatha kuyambitsa shuga osati chakudya chokha, koma chakudya chilichonse chomwe chili pameno kwa nthawi yayitali. Caries zimachitika kuchokera ku zovuta zam'mimba, momwe chimbudzi chake chimayambira kale mkamwa. Chifukwa chake, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti muzitsuka pakamwa panu ndi kutsuka mano nthawi zonse mukatha kudya.

Bodza # 3. Shuga ndiye chifukwa chachikulu cha matenda ashuga.

Asayansi tsopano apeza kuti zomwe zimayambitsa matenda ashuga ndizowonjezereka mwa kuchuluka kwa mafuta kuzungulira ziwalo zofunika, kulimbitsa thupi mokwanira komanso chibadwa chamtundu. Shuga amathandizira kuti pakhale mafuta ambiri m'thupi, koma osapitilira mafuta ena othamanga, monga ufa woyera, sosi zambiri, mowa komanso nthochi, mphesa ndi mavwende.

Bodza No. 4. Shuga amalimbikitsa kukula kwa zotupa za khansa.

Shuga kulowa m'thupi amasandulika mphamvu, ndipo mphamvu ndi glucose yambiri zimapangitsa kukula kwa maselo a khansa. Koma kusiya maswiti sikungathandize kuti muchepetse kufalikira kwa khansa: chotupacho chimapeza mwayi wopezeka ndi glucose mulimonse.

Nthano yachisanu 5. Shuga ndiwosokoneza bongo, ngati mankhwala

Pakadali pano, zambiri zasayansi sizitsimikizira kuti kulipo kwodalira chakudya cha thupi la munthu pachinthu chilichonse chazakudya. Shuga ndi sucrose sizimayambitsa kusowa kwa thupi mwa munthu ndipo sizingatheke ngati mankhwala.

Nthano 6. Zokoma ndizabwino kuposa shuga

Zokometsera nthawi zambiri zimadyedwa ndi iwo omwe shuga sawalimbikitsa chifukwa chachipatala. Koma anthu ambiri athanzi amakhulupirira kuti kusintha shuga ndi zina zowonjezera ndi zotsekemera ndizothandiza kwambiri kwa thupi. M'malo mwake, zatsimikiziridwa kuti zopanga zotsekemera zimasokoneza thanzi: sizimachulukitsa glucose, koma zimangokhudza masamba, chifukwa chake zimapangitsa kudya kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti munthu akhale ndi thupi lolemera. Ndipo zotsekemera potengera zosakaniza zachilengedwe kwenikweni sizimasiyana ndi shuga pama calories.

Nthano 7. 7. Chokoma ndibwino kudya m'mawa

Pali chiphunzitso chakuti zakudya zokhala ndi shuga zimadyedwa m'mawa kwambiri, chifukwa masana chakudya chamafuta chimachulukitsa shuga m'magazi ndipo thupi limafunikira nthawi yambiri kukhazikika. Koma zoona zake, chakudya chilichonse chimatsogolera kuwonjezeka kwa shuga m'magazi, ndipo palibe umboni kuti chakudya chamafuta chimagwira kwambiri munthawi inayake.

Zabodza Za Shuga

Pali zabodza zambiri zokhudza matenda ashuga. Amadzuka mwina chifukwa chakuti wodwalayo sanamvetsetse zambiri, kapena chifukwa choti dotoloyo sanalongosole bwino. Anthu opitilira 65% sadziwa kulemba ndi kuwerenga pankhaniyi matenda ashugaomwe amagawana zinthu zomwe sizolondola. Chifukwa chake, zabodza zimafalikira, ndikuphatikizira ndi zatsopano.

Nthano 1 - ngati muli ndi maswiti ambiri, shuga idzakhala

Kugwiritsa ntchito maswiti kwambiri sikuti kumayambitsa matenda ashuga. Koma zotsatira za kukonda makeke nthawi zambiri zimakhala zonenepa kwambiri. Koma kunenepa kwambiri sikuchokera m'maswiti okha, komanso m'zakudya zamafuta kwambiri.

Chachikulu ndichakuti ntchito ya kapamba imasokonezeka, izi zimatsogolera pakukula kwa matendawa. Ngati mumasewera masewera ndikudya moyenera, kudya maswiti ochepa, chiwopsezo cha matenda a shuga chimachepa.

Bodza lachiwiri - matenda a shuga amabadwa

Mitundu yonse iwiri ya matenda ashuga imakhala ndi chibadwa chobadwa nawo.

Mtundu woyamba wa shuga zokhudzana ndi cholowa. Type 2 shuga amapezeka mu 80% ya milandu ngati wachibale ali ndi nthendayi. Koma izi ndizowonjezeranso ndi zina: kudya kwambiri, kumwa mosamala thupi, kunenepa kwambiri, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, kumwa mowa, kusuta,

Bodza lachitatu - omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga amawoneka onenepa kwambiri

Ndi matenda amtundu wa 1 shuga, kulemera kwa thupi kumachepa chifukwa chakusokonekera kwa mafuta m'thupi.

Kunenepa kwambiri kumayambitsa matenda a shuga. Thupi limasunga chakudya yambiri, limawonjezera shuga. Kupanga insulin kumawonjezera, ndikupangitsa matenda a shuga.

Nthano 5 - ndi matenda ashuga, othandizira shuga ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo mwa shuga

Zokoma ndi chinthu chosafunikira komanso cholemetsa kwa thupi.

Asayansi apeza kuti m'malo mwa shuga mumatha ma cell a pancreatic β-cell. Ndipo ndi matenda ashuga, ntchito yake imakhala yovuta kale.

Nthano 6 - kutenga pakati kumachitika chifukwa cha amayi omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga

Ndi odwala matenda ashuga komanso amayi athanzi, mimba iyenera kukonzedwa.

Pitani mayeso oyenera, yesani mayeso. Ndipo ngati sichoncho zovutapamenepo mutha kubereka ndi kukhala ndi mwana. Potere, muyenera kutsatira kadyedwe ndi kuyeza shuga la magazi tsiku lililonse.

Nthano # 8 - jakisoni wa insulin ndiwowonjezera

Insulin ndi mahomoni omwe amapangidwa ndi munthu mu kapamba.

Insulin yomwe munthu amalandila ndi yofanana ndi insulini yopangidwa m'thupi. Chifukwa chake, sikuti osokoneza.

Ntchito ya insulin

Thupi la munthu limapangidwa ndi maselo. Maselo onse amafunika mphamvu. Magazi amalemeretsa maselo ndi mpweya ndi michere, yomwe chachikulu kwambiri ndi glucose. Khola ndi chipinda chokhala ndi zitseko zambiri. Kuzungulira chipinda chino pali mamolekyulu a shuga. Insulin ndiye chinsinsi cha chitseko popanda kuti glucose sangathe kulowa m'mimba. Amatsegula chitseko cha glucose, ndipo khungu limadzalanso ndi mphamvu.

Mu shuga mellitus, chakudya chimalowa mkatikati, kenako m'mimba, matumbo, ndikusintha kwa glucose. Imalowa m'magazi ndikufalikira thupi lonse, koma osalowa m'maselo popanda insulin. Zotsatira zake, maselo amayamba kufa ndi njala, ndipo shuga wamagazi amawonjezeka, hyperglycemia imachitika.

Pali mitundu iwiri ya matenda a shuga:

• Matenda a shuga amtundu woyamba amakula asanakwanitse zaka 30. Odwala amakhala ndi kuchepa kwambiri kwa thupi - ndikoyambira kwamatenda. Chithandizo chokha ndi insulin.
• Matenda a shuga a Type 2 nthawi zambiri amakhudza azimayi atatha zaka 40. Amanenepa kwambiri. Matendawa samayamba nthawi yomweyo. Chithandizo cha othandizira a hypoglycemic, osowa ndi insulin.

Mtundu woyamba wa shuga

Cholinga chachikulu ndikusowa kwa insulini, yomwe imafunika popereka shuga ku minofu. Glucose simalowa m'misempha yodalira insulin, izi zimabweretsa kuchepa kwa mphamvu.

Mphamvu ndizofunikira kwa munthu, chifukwa chake mafuta amawonongeka, ndipo munthu amalemera. Mulingo wa shuga ndi sodium umakwera, kukodza kumachulukirachulukira, ndipo thupi limasowa madzi. Glucagon (wogwirizira insulin) akupitiliza kulimbitsa shuga, matupi a ketone amadziunjikira, ndikukula ketoacidosiskenako chikomokere.

Type 2 shuga

Amayamba chifukwa chakuchepa kwa chidwi cha zotumphukira zimakhala ku insulin komanso kuphwanya ntchito ya ma pancreatic β-cell.

Matenda a 2 a matenda ashuga ndi matenda opatsirana omwe ali ndi cholocha chambiri. Odwala ambiri amafotokoza za kupezeka kwa matenda ashuga abale awo apamtima.

• kunenepa
• zolimbitsa thupi
• mawonekedwe azakudya (kudya kwambiri mafuta ochulukitsa komanso michere yochepa)
• ochepa matenda oopsa.

Chifukwa chachikulu ndi insulin kukana (kuchepa kwa zomwe zimachitika ndi insulin. Kupanga kwa glucose kumakula ndikukula hyperglycemia pamimba yopanda kanthu. Kwa zaka zambiri, hyperglycemia yomwe ilipo imabweretsa kufooka kwa kupanga insulin.

Kodi ndingapeze wodwala matenda ashuga?

Ngati pali zotsekemera zambiri, ndiye kuti zimavulaza thupi. Kudya maswiti yaying'ono sikungapweteke.

Pakakhala chokoleti ndi maswiti ena, thupi limapanga mahomoni achisangalalo - endorphin. Zakudya izi zimakhala ndi zomanga thupi, zomwe, monga mapuloteni ndi mafuta, zimafunikira ndi thupi. Ndikofunika kutsatira zakudya, kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwamafuta a nyama. Izi zikuthandizira kukhala ndi shuga wamagazi popanda kukwera lakuthwa kapena kugwa.

Kodi kukana kwathunthu zakudya zotsekemera kupulumutsa?

Ngati mukusiya lokoma, izi sizipereka chidaliro kuti matenda a shuga sangachitike.

Chimodzi mwazomwe zimayambitsa matenda a shuga ndi kunenepa kwambiri. Anthu onenepa kwambiri amathanso kudya zakudya zina zomwe zili ndi zakudya zamafuta (ufa, zakumwa zoziziritsa kukhosi). Izi zimasokoneza metabolism, zimapangitsa kupanga insulin, ndipo chifukwa chake, matenda a shuga amapezeka.

Kodi matenda ashuga ndi otetezeka?

Zachidziwikire. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kukhala ndi moyo wathanzi. Ngati m’banja, abale ali ndi matenda ashuga, ndiye kuti thanzi lawo liyenera kuthandizidwa kwambiri.

Choyamba, siyani kusuta ndi kuledzera. Kachiwiri, sewera masewera olimbitsa thupi ndikukhala ndi moyo wakhama. Izi zimathandiza kukonza kagayidwe. Chachitatu, kutsatira zakudya. Kuwerengera kwa mapuloteni, mafuta ndi chakudya ndi 3: 2: 5. Chepetsani mafuta a nyama, ndikugwiritsanso ntchito chakudya chamagulu ambiri. Chachinayi, kuyezetsa magazi kwa shuga kawiri pachaka. Ndipo kamodzi pachaka kuchititsa kuyesa kwa glucose.

Funsani ndikuwunika ndi endocrinologist. Amayi omwe abereka mwana wa 4.5 kg kapena kupitilirapo ali pachiwopsezo cha matenda ashuga. Chifukwa chake, amafunikanso kukayezetsanso magazi chaka chilichonse.

Matenda a shuga si sentensi, koma njira ya moyo. Chiyembekezo chamoyo ndizofanana ndi cha anthu opanda matenda a shuga. Matendawa amamuletsa zoletsa, kusankha ntchito, masewera. Ngati munthu akudwala matenda ashuga, ayenera kusintha matenda ake. Matenda a shuga amtundu 1 sangathe kupewedwa, chifukwa munthu amabadwa ndi vuto la chithokomiro. Koma ndikofunikira kupewa zovuta.

• macroangiopathy - kuwonongeka kwa ziwiya zazikulu, zowonetsedwa ndi matenda a mtima, ubongo wa m'magazi, kuchepa kwa matenda oopsa,
• kumabweretsa kuwonongeka
• nephropathy - Kukula kwa aimpso kulephera,
• mitsempha - kuphatikiza kwa ma syndromes kuwononga kwamanjenje,
• diabetesic phazi matenda - kukula kwa necrosis, gangrene, chifukwa, kudulira miyendo.

Koma matenda a shuga a 2 atha kupewedwa. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kutsatira malamulo angapo:

• Zakudya zoyenera, kupewa zakudya zazakudya, idyani pang'ono komanso nthawi zambiri (kangapo patsiku kapena kupitirira), muzitha kudya,
• Zakudya zamafuta ochepa
• kumwa madzi ochulukirapo, kumathandizira kukonza kagayidwe kake ndi kuchepera magazi,
• zolimbitsa thupi tsiku ndi tsiku
• kuchitira panthawi yake odwala ndi matenda ena,
• Yankhani moyenera nkhawa, yesetsani kupewa kucheza ndi anthu ankhanza,

Ndikofunikanso kuyeza kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, kumayesedwa pachaka.