Mapiritsi ochepetsa shuga m'magazi: mitundu ndi magwiridwe antchito a shuga

Ngati vuto la odwala omwe ali ndi mtundu woyamba wa shuga 1 limangowongoleredwa ndi jakisoni wa insulin, ndiye kuti CD-2 imathandizidwa ndi mankhwala. Mukubwereza kwathu, tikambirana za mankhwala odziwika kwambiri ochepetsa shuga.

Ndi mankhwala ati omwe ndi amakono kwambiri komanso othandiza? Kodi azitenga bwanji? Ndipo ndimagulu ati ogwiritsira ntchito omwe ndikofunikira kuti wodwalayo adziwe? Tiyeni timvetse bwino.

Ndi mankhwala ati omwe amakupangirani?

Matenda osokoneza bongo awa

Matenda a 2 a matenda a shuga ndi matenda a metabolic pomwe kapamba amapanga insulin yokwanira, koma amakanidwa ndi maselo amthupi. Zotsatira zake, pamakhala kuchepa kwa chidwi cha zolandilira kumadzi, glucose simalowetsedwa ndi maselo, ndipo kuphatikiza kwake m'magazi kumawonjezeka.

Momwe vuto limayambira

Chifukwa chake, hyperglycemia ndiye vuto lalikulu lomwe limayenda ndi matenda ashuga: kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi - gome pansipa limawonetsa magawo a thupi.

Gome: Mtengo wa shuga m'magazi:

Pakukonzekera matendawa, njira zonse za metabolic zimasokonekera. Nthawi yomweyo, ziwalo zambiri ndi machitidwe, makamaka minyewa yamtima ndi mitsempha yamagazi, zimavutika.

Izi zimatha kubweretsa zovuta zambiri:

• matenda a mtima
• ACS, myocardial infaration,
• ONMK pa mtundu wa ischemic,
• zovuta za trophic kumadera otsika, impso, gawo lamawonedwe, ndi zina zambiri.

Zotengera zomwe zimakhala ndi matenda ashuga zimatha msanga

Tcherani khutu! Malinga ndi ziwerengero, chithandizo chokwanira cha matenda ashuga mellitus-2 chimayambitsa kuchepa kwa chiyembekezo chokhala ndi moyo mwa amuna ndi pafupifupi zaka 12, mwa akazi - mwa zaka 20.

Ichi ndichifukwa chake matenda ashuga amatha kuthandizidwa. Chachikulu ndikutsatira malingaliro a dokotala ndipo musasokoneze njira yochizira.

Mfundo zachikhalidwe zamankhwala

Kuchepetsa shuga kwa magazi sikungopeza chithandizo chokhacho.

Kusamalidwa kwamakono kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga kuyenera kuperekedwa pazotsatira izi:

1. Kutsatira zakudya. Kusankha molondola kwa zinthu sikungathandize kukwaniritsa Normoglycemia, komanso kuchepetsa kunenepa. Kumbukirani kuti chimodzi mwazinthu zomwe zingayambitse matenda a shuga 2 ndi kunenepa kwambiri.
2. Kuchita zolimbitsa thupi zokwanira, mawonekedwe ake omwe ayenera kusankhidwa limodzi ndi adokotala. Makalasi ochita masewera olimbitsa thupi kapena masewera olimbitsa thupi sioyenera aliyense, koma kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi ndikuyenda tsiku lililonse kumakhala kothandiza kwa aliyense.
3. Mankhwala ochepetsa shuga. Mapiritsi amalola odwala ambiri omwe ali ndi matenda amtundu wa 2 kukwaniritsa zomwe akufuna.
4. Mankhwala a insulin. Nthawi zina pamene glycemia imalephera kuwongolera, odwala amapatsidwa jakisoni wa insulin.

Masamba atsopano ndi amadyera ndizabwino zokha Kuphika makeke, maswiti ndi zipatso zambiri kumayambitsa kusweka kwa shuga

Tcherani khutu! Mosiyana ndi matenda amtundu wa 2 wodwala, odwala omwe ali ndi matenda omwe amadalira insulin ayenera kulandira chithandizo chokwanira cha insulin akangopezeka atazindikira.

Gulu la Matenda a shuga

Mankhwala onse omwe amachepetsa shuga m'magazi a shuga amatha kugawidwa m'magulu akulu akulu asanu:

1. Kupititsa patsogolo katemera wa insulin mu kapamba.
2. Kuchuluka kwa insulin.
3. Kuchepetsa mapangidwe a shuga m'chiwindi.
4. Kuchepetsa mayamwidwe am'mimba mu chakudya cham'mimba.
5. Kulimbikitsa chimbudzi cha shuga owonjezera mumkodzo.

Tiyeni tonse tizikhala pachilichonse.

Mitundu ya Matenda A shuga

Chithandizo cha matenda a shuga chimatengera zomwe zimayambitsa ndi mtundu wa matenda. Pali mitundu inayi ya mitundu yake.

1. Mtundu woyamba wa shuga. Choyambitsa matendawa ndi kuchepa kwa maselo a pancreatic beta omwe amapanga insulini, zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha autoimmune reaction. Matenda amtunduwu amangothandizidwa ndi kukonzekera kwa insulin.
2. Type 2 shuga. Pakatikati pa matendawa ndi kusazindikira kwa maselo a thupi kupita ku insulin. Kumayambiriro kwa matendawa, kuchuluka kwa insulini kumapangidwa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti wodwalayo asazindikire kuchuluka kwa glucose m'magazi. Matendawa akamapitilira, katemera wa insulini ndi khunyu amakhala wosakwanira, komwe kumayambitsa matenda a hyperglycemia komanso kukula kwa matenda. Ndi chithandizo cha matenda amtunduwu omwe mapiritsi ochepetsa shuga amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Komanso, udindo wokhala ndi moyo wathanzi mwa odwalawa ndikofunikira, ndipo chithandizo chamankhwala chogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mapiritsi chimangowonedwa ngati chachiwiri.
3. Matenda a shuga Itha kuphatikizidwa ndi matenda angapo, kusintha kwa majini, kuwonongeka kwa kapamba chifukwa cha mowa kapena mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Zikatero, chithandizo chimakhala chovuta chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa glucagon (mahomoni amenewa amawonjezera kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi). Popeza tanthauzo lenileni la matendawa ndi losakwanira katemera wa insulin, mankhwalawa amaphatikizapo kuperekera insulin ndi jakisoni.
4. Matenda a shuga. Kupanda kutero, matenda a shuga. Pankhaniyi, kudya okhwima ndi zolimbitsa thupi zotchulidwa. Ndipo pakalibe mphamvu - jakisoni wa insulin, popeza mapiritsi amakhudza mwana wosabadwayo.

Mwachidule

Mapiritsi ochepetsa shuga m'magazi, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kukonza matenda amtundu wa 2 shuga, amagawika m'magulu angapo. Gulu lawo limatengera njira kapena zochita za mankhwala. Pofuna kuthana ndi hyperglycemia, mankhwala otsatirawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito.

• Zothandiza kuchokera ku sulfonylureas. Mankhwala omwe amalimbikitsa kupangika kwa insulin yanu ya mahomoni ndi ma cell a pancreatic. Izi zikuphatikizapo Glibenclamide ndi Gliclazide. Ubwino wa mankhwalawa ndi mtengo wotsika mtengo, kulekerera kwabwino. Mankhwala okhala ku Sulfanylurea amachepetsa shuga m'magazi, amachepetsa kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin wa 2%.
• Biguanides. Awa ndi mankhwala omwe amasintha ntchito ya insulin ndikulimbikitsa kusinthana kwa shuga m'magazi a thupi. Kuphatikiza apo, amathandiza kuti shuga asamasanduke. Iwo ali ndi matchulidwe azachipatala, komabe, ma contraindication ogwiritsira ntchito ndi matenda a impso ndi mtima chifukwa choopsa cha ketoacidosis. Gululi limaphatikizapo Metformin, Glucophage.
• Alfa glucosidase zoletsa. Zitsanzo za mankhwalawa ndi Acarbose ndi Miglitol. Mankhwalawa atha kulepheretsa kugwira ntchito kwa ma enzymes omwe amachititsa kuti magazi asamayende bwino m'mimba, motero kuchepetsa shuga m'magazi. Pogwiritsa ntchito, milingo ya glycated hemoglobin imatsika ndi 0,5-1%. Nthawi zina, zimayambitsa zovuta monga kutulutsa ndi m'mimba.
• Ma Gliids ndi meglitinides. Mankhwala omwe amalimbikitsa katemera wa insulin ndi maselo a pancreatic. Kuchita kwawo kumadalira shuga: kukhathamira kwa glucose, momwe mankhwalawo amagwira ntchito. Chifukwa cha izi, hypoglycemia simachitika panthawi ya chithandizo. Gulu la mankhwalawa limaphatikizapo Novonorm ndi Starlix.
• Dipeptidyl peptidase inhibitors. Mankhwalawa amathandizira kubisika kwa insulini, kuletsa kubisika kwa glucagon. Zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pawokha komanso mosagwirizana ndi othandizira ena, monga Metformin. Pafupifupi palibe mavuto, musathandizire kulemera. Chitsanzo cha gululo la ndalama ndi Januvia.
• Ndalama zophatikizika. Amalembedwa chifukwa cha kulephera kwa monotherapy. Mwachitsanzo, piritsi limodzi la Glycovansa limaphatikiza Metformin ndi kukonzekera kwa sulfonylurea, Gliburide.

Zochokera ku sulfonylureas

Pochita za endocrinologists, zotumphukira za sodfanilurea zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri. Mankhwalawa agwiritsidwa ntchito kwa zaka zopitilira 50, amagwira ntchito kwambiri chifukwa chazomwe zimachitika pancreatic function, komanso ali ndi zovuta zochepa.

Kuchita kwawo kumatengera kukondweretsedwa kwa ntchito ya maselo a pancreatic beta, chifukwa chomwe kupanga kwa insulin kumathandizira, ndipo kuzindikira kwa receptor kumakulitsidwa. Glibenclamide, Gliclazide, Maninil, Amaryl amagwiritsidwa ntchito.

"Diabetes" ndi mankhwala amakono a gululi, omwe ndi othandiza kwambiri, kuphatikiza mitsempha yamagazi pazotsatira zoyipa za hyperglycemia. Mlingo wothandizila ndi kuchuluka kwa mankhwalawa amasankhidwa payekha ndi dokotala, kutengera kuchuluka kwa shuga ndi magazi ena okhudzana ndi matendawa.

Pa mankhwala, ndikofunikira kuti mumayesedwe pafupipafupi, kudziwa kuchuluka kwa shuga ndi glycated hemoglobin. Izi zimachitika pofuna kuwongolera chithandizo ndipo ngati kuli koyenera, chithandizireni. Ubwino wakuchokera ku sulfonylurea ndi:

• zotchulidwa hypoglycemic zotsatira,
• kukondoweza kwa nsonga zoyambirira pakupanga insulin,
• kupezeka muukonde wa mankhwala,
• mtengo wotsika
• njira yolandirira bwino.

Kuphatikiza pazabwino, ndalama izi zimatulutsa zovuta zazikulu.

• Kuchuluka kwachuma, kulemera. Izi zimawonedwa motsutsana ndi maziko ogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala am'badwo wachiwiri, zimachitika chifukwa cha kukondoweza kwa mathero a insulin secretion mukamamwa mankhwala otere.
• Kulephera kugwiritsa ntchito nthawi zina. Mwachitsanzo, panthawi yoyembekezera, poyamwitsa, ndimatenda a chithokomiro, impso ndi chiwindi.
• Chiwopsezo chachikulu cha hypoglycemia. Makamaka ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo kapena kudumpha zakudya. Kukonza boma la hypoglycemic, mankhwala amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuchulukitsa shuga: shuga wamagulu, njira zothetsera shuga ndi dextrose, glucagon.
• Zotsatira zoyipa. Khansa ya m'mimba, kutsekula m'mimba ndikotheka.

"Metformin" ("Siofor", "Glucofage") - mapiritsi omwe adapangidwa kuti aphatikizidwe ndi zotumphukira za sulfanylurea kapena monga njira ina kwa iwo. Zimalepheretsa mapangidwe a glycogen mu chiwindi, zimapangitsa chidwi cha zotumphukira zolandilira ku insulin, komanso zimachepetsa kuyamwa kwa mafuta osavuta m'mimba.

Ubwino wa chida ndi:

• Matenda a shuga
• kuchepa kwamafuta akununkhira,
• chiopsezo chochepa cha hypoglycemia,
• matenda a lipid kagayidwe.

Zoyipa za Metformin zimaphatikizapo kuti mukamalandira chithandizo pamakhala mwayi pang'ono wopanga lactic acidosis. Kuwonetsedwa koyambirira kwa vutoli kumaphatikizapo nseru, kusanza, kutsegula m'mimba, kuchepa kwa thupi, kupweteka kwa minofu. Ngati zizindikiro zotere zikuwoneka, muyenera kusiya kumwa mankhwalawo, kukaonana ndi dokotala.

Mankhwalawa ndi a gulu la oyendetsa sodium-glucose amtundu wachiwiri. Amachepetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi mwakuchepetsa mayamwidwe ake m'matumbo am'mimba, chimbudzi chowonjezera mu mkodzo. Mankhwalawa amavomerezedwa bwino ndi odwala, nthawi zina akagwidwa, shuga ndi magazi ochepa amalembedwa, omwe amachotsedwa ndikusintha kwa Mlingo. Koma "Forksig" silingagwiritsidwe ntchito ndikuwonjezera chidwi cha munthu pazinthu zazikulu kapena zothandizira za mankhwalawa.

Mankhwala azitsamba

Zitsamba zopangira mankhwala, mankhwala othandizira at homeopathic ndi zakudya zowonjezera zakudya zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu shuga kuchepetsa shuga. Kuphatikiza apo, mankhwala ophatikizidwa kuchokera ku zomerazi amatha kuledzera kuti azitha kusintha kagayidwe kachakudya, koma onetsetsani kuti mwawaphatikiza ndi zakudya zama carb ochepa komanso zolimbitsa thupi zolimbitsa thupi. Zomera za kukonzekera kwazitsamba zimaphatikizapo kulekerera kwabwino, kupezeka.

Zotsatirazi zimawerengedwa kuti ndizothandiza matenda ashuga:

• makungwa ndi masamba a mabulosi oyera,
• msuzi wa oat, odzola,
• sinamoni
• bulletery ndi masamba,
• masamba a dandelion
• phulusa laphiri
• chipukutira.

Ngakhale otetezeka komanso kusapezeka kwa zovuta, mankhwala opangidwa ndi mbewu sangathe kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga, chifukwa chake kugwiritsa ntchito nokha m'malo mwa mapiritsi omwe adalimbikitsa ndi dokotala siotetezeka. Ndipo musanagwiritse ntchito mbeu iliyonse kuti muchepetse shuga, muyenera kufunsa endocrinologist.

Mankhwala a Biguanide: mawonekedwe, mwachidule

Mankhwala onse m'gululi amaphatikizira othandizira - metformin. Izi zimapereka kuchepa kwa kukanira kwa insulin kwa odwala omwe ali ndi mbiri ya matenda a shuga a 2.

Poyerekeza ndi mbiri yoti mankhwalawo amathandizira kuti chidwi cha minyewa yofewa chikhale ndi mahomoni omwe amapangidwa ndi kapamba, kapangidwe ka timadzi timeneti sikukula.

Mankhwala omwe amachepetsa shuga m'magazi a anthu odwala matenda ashuga, kulowa mkati mwa thupi, amapereka shuga wowongoleka kudzera mu membrane wa cell, minofu yosalala ya minofu, minyewa ya m'mimba.

Pankhani ya matenda a shuga, mungagwiritse ntchito mankhwala otsatirawa a gulu lofotokozedwalo:

Chachilendo cha metformin ya zinthu ndikuti imagwira ntchito moyenera, imatsitsa shuga m'magazi, pomwe kukhazikika kwake pamlingo wofunikira kumawonedwa.

Mankhwala Glucophage Long amakhala ndi nthawi yayitali, ndikokwanira kumwa mapiritsi kamodzi nthawi yamadzulo. Mankhwalawa amatengedwa mosalekeza kwa nthawi yayitali.

Mlingo umalimbikitsa aliyense payekha. Monga lamulo, mlingo wovomerezeka suziposa 500 mg (piritsi limodzi). Popita nthawi, adotolo amatha kuonjezera mlingo wa Glucofage, ndikuwapatsa mapiritsi awiri kapena atatu ngati sanawone kuti ndiwothandiza.

Mankhwala ochepetsa shuga a magazi a gululi ali ndi zovuta zina: kusokonezeka kwa chakudya cham'mimba, kuchepa kwa chakudya, kuchepa kwa chidwi cha maswiti (kwa odwala matenda ashuga ambiri, izi sizachidziwikire).

Sulfonylureas

Monga tanenera kale pamwambapa, madokotala amayesa kupereka mankhwala oyambira a 2 mtundu woyamba ndi njira zosagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala, poyesa kukulitsa kuchedwa kwakanthawi ngati pakufunika chithandizo chamankhwala.

Ngati zakudya zamafuta ochepa, zolimbitsa thupi zolimbitsa thupi ndi njira zina zomwe zimapangidwira kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi sizikuthandizani, ndiye kuti dokotala amakupatsani mankhwala ochepetsa.

Sulfonylurea ndi mankhwala omwe amathandizira kuchepetsa shuga, ndipo amapangidwa kuchokera ku sulfamide. Gululi la mankhwalawa limapereka kukondoweza kwa maselo a beta a gland, omwe amachititsa kuti timadzi tambiri timene timapanga.

Mapiritsi ochepetsa kwambiri shuga okhudzana ndi zotumphukira za sulfonylurea:

Mwazi wa shuga mu shuga umakhala ndi mwayi wosiyanasiyana, ndipo nthawi zina umatha kufikira kuchuluka kwa shuga m'thupi. Mankhwala amafunika kuti nthawi zonse azikhala ndi glucose wofunikira.

Mapiritsi a Sulfonylurea amalembedwa ngati wodwalayo ali ndi kulemera kwabwinoko kapena pali owonjezera mapaundi, kunenepa kwambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, njira zawo zimakhala zovomerezeka ngati chakudya chochepa-chapamwamba cha odwala matenda ashuga sichimapereka chithandizo chofunikira.

Dziwani kuti ngati kuchuluka kwa mankhwalawa kumasankhidwa molakwika, izi zingayambitse kuchepa kwambiri kwa shuga m'magazi m'munsi mwake.

Zotsatira za sulfonylureas siziwonetsedwa pakhungu, poyamwitsa, ndi tsankho la munthu, matenda a impso kapena chiwindi.

Incretinomimetics ndi kachipangizoka kamankhwala

Muzochitika zingapo, chithandizo cha matenda a shuga amtundu wachiwiri chimalimbikitsidwa kudzera mwa ma insretin. Ma insretins ndi mahomoni am'mimba opangidwa m'thupi lamunthu wathanzi poyankha kudya. Ndipo ndikofunikira kuti ayambitse kupanga kwa insulin.

Dziwani kuti gulu ili la mankhwalawa limayamba kugwira ntchito moyenera pokhapokha wodwala ali ndi shuga yamagazi yoposa 5.5 mayunitsi. Pamene matenda a shuga atapezeka, mapiritsiwo alibe mphamvu iliyonse yothandizira.

Mphamvu yapaderayi ya mankhwalawa imalepheretsa chizindikiro cha vuto la hypoglycemic. Mankhwala, ma insretin omwe ali mu mawonekedwe awo oyera samapezeka, koma mankhwala ophatikiza otengera metformin ndi sitagliptin amapangidwa:

Mtengo wa mankhwalawa omwe waperekedwa ndiwosiyana kwambiri, ndipo nthawi zambiri amatengera opanga. Kupeza mankhwala achilendo kumawononga ndalama zoposa ma ruble 1000.

Komabe, ngati mumagula mankhwala apakhomo, ndiye kuti ndalama muzikhala zochepa. Mwachitsanzo, Bagomet ndi pafupifupi ma ruble 300, ndipo Metformin-Richter itenga ma ruble 270.

Zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pamapiritsi kuti muchepetse shuga

Poyamba, asanavomereze mapiritsi ena kuti muchepetse shuga m'magazi, dokotala amayang'ana mbiri ya wodwalayo, mbiri yake ya zamankhwala ndi chithunzi cham'chipatala.

Pakusankhidwa kwa mankhwalawa, chizindikiritso cha shuga chomwe chilipo sichofunikira kwenikweni. Mlingo wa mankhwalawa komanso kuchuluka kwa momwe amagwiritsidwira ntchito nthawi zonse kumalimbikitsidwa payekhapayekha.

Mutha kusintha m'malo mwanu kuti muthane ndi mankhwala ena, ngakhale zonunkhira kapena "abwenzi" atanena kuti zikufanana. Sizoletsedwa kuwonjezera / kuchepetsa mlingo, kusintha magwiritsidwe antchito.

Monga lamulo, ngati wodwalayo sanamwe mapiritsi azithandizo za matenda a shuga a 2, adokotala amasankha mankhwala okhudzana ndi sulfonylurea zotumphukira kapena Biguanides. Mankhwalawa "akapereka zotsatira zake," koma kuchepa kwa mphamvu yake kumawonekera kale, dokotalayo amupatsanso mankhwala ena.

Mwachitsanzo, ndizovomerezeka kuphatikiza:

1. Kukonzekera kwa gulu la Biguanide ndi zotumphukira za sulfonylurea.
2. Othandizira awiri a gulu la sulfonylurea.
3. Sulfonylureas ndi ma protein.

Kuphatikiza koteroko kumapereka mpata wina woti akhale ndi shuga pamlingo wofunikira. Zophatikizira pamwambazi zikasiya kugwira ntchito, njira yokhayo yothandizira ndi insulin.

Tsoka ilo, ngakhale shuga atakhazikika m'magazi kudzera mwa insulin, sizingatheke kukana. Zochita zikuwonetsa kuti ngati hormone yokhala ndi matenda a shuga a 2 adayikidwa, ndiye kuti mu 99% ya mavutowo ndi chithandizo cha moyo wonse.

Matenda a shuga ndi kuwongolera, kuwongolera, komanso, kuwongolera matenda anu. Kutsatira malingaliro onse a dotolo kokha komwe kungalepheretse zovuta zamatenda.

Kodi mukuganiza bwanji pamenepa? Kodi mumamwa mapiritsi kuti muchepetse shuga, ndipo ndi ati?

Mankhwala Olimbikitsa Insulin

Gulu lalikululi lili ndi magulu angapo a mankhwala:

• zochokera sulfonylurea,
• meglitinides,
• dipeptidyl peptidase-4 zoletsa,
• glucagon-ngati peptide agonists 1.

Makina a zochita za sulfonylurea zotumphukira ndikutsitsa katulutsidwe wa insulin.

Pocheperapo pang'ono, mankhwalawa:

• Onjezerani zomveka za minofu
• Kuchepetsa kupanga shuga m'thupi.

Gome: Zowonjezera za sulfonylureas:

Limagwirira zake ntchito mankhwalawa

Mapiritsi ochepetsa shuga oterowo ali ndi maubwino angapo:

• kukwaniritsa mwachangu zotsatira zamankhwala,
• kuchepetsa chiopsezo chotukula micangiopathies,
• likupezeka limodzi ndi metformin,
• mtengo wotsika.

Musaiwale za mfundo zotsalazo:

• mukamazitenga, pamakhala chiwopsezo cha kukhala ndi hypoglycemia,
• kukhudza thupi (kuchuluka kwa thupi ndikotheka),
• kugwiritsa ntchito nthawi yayitali - kuchepa kwa mphamvu chifukwa cha chitukuko cha kukana.

Dokotala ayenera kuchenjeza za zoyipa zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha mankhwala

Yang'anani! Malinga ndi kafukufuku waposachedwa, pakapita nthawi, kukonzekera kwa sulfonylurea kumabweretsa kutsika kwa kapamba ndi kusintha kwa CD-2 kukhala CD-1.

Meglitinides, kapena zotumphukira za benzoic acid, ndi gulu lina la mankhwala lomwe limakulitsa kupanga insulin.

Amasiyana mwachangu, kayendedwe kabwino ka glycemic, komabe, monga zotumphukira za sulfonylurea, zimatha kutsitsa kwambiri shuga. Zowonjezera, malinga ndi odwala, zitha kuphatikizanso kufunikira kokalandilidwa pafupipafupi komanso mtengo wokwera kwambiri.

Mukamamwa mankhwalawa, zigawo za hypoglycemia ndizotheka.

Gulu la mankhwala omwe amakhudza kutulutsidwa kwa insulin ndi maselo a pancreatic amaphatikizanso mankhwala atsopano ochepetsa shuga. Amadziwika ndi njira yodalira shuga.

Izi zikutanthauza kuti mankhwalawa amakhala ndi vuto la hypoglycemic kokha ndi hyperglycemia syndrome. Ngati ndende ya glucose ikafika pamlingo wa 4-5 mmol / l, amasiya kugwira ntchito.

Gome: Kukonzekera kwa mbadwo watsopano:

Gulu la mankhwala	Oimira	Mayina amalonda
Magulu a Glucagon ngati Peptide-1 Agonists (Mafomu Othandizira)	Exenatide	Baeta
Liraglutide	Victoza
Lixisenatide	Lycumum
Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 zoletsa (mapiritsi a shuga)	Saxagliptin	Kutalika kwa Combogliz, Onglisa.
Sitagliptin	Janutmet Januvius.
Vildagliptin	Galvus

Mfundo zabwino pamankhwala omwe amapezeka ndi mankhwalawa zitha kuonedwa kuti ndizolimbitsa glycemia, chiopsezo chochepetsa shuga la magazi. Kuphatikiza apo, mankhwala amakono samakhudza kulemera kwa thupi la wodwala, samayambitsa zovuta zoyipa ndipo ali otetezeka kwathunthu kwa odwala okalamba komanso omwe ali ndi matenda a CVD. "Koma" kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa ndi mtengo wokwera kwambiri.

Peripheral Insulin Resistance

Gululi limaphatikizira ndi Biguanides:

• Metformin (Glucophage, Siofor),
• Pioglitazone (Pioglar, Aktos).

Gulu lodziwika bwino la mankhwala osokoneza bongo

Mankhwala oterowo amathandizira kuyamwa kwa glucose ndi maselo osakhudza kupanga kwa insulin. Ubwino wa mankhwalawa ndi monga:

• chiopsezo chochepa cha hypoglycemia,
• kuchepa kwa mphamvu pa wodwala,
• kusintha kwofananira kwa mbiri ya lipid, kutsitsa cholesterol ndi "yoyipa" HDL,
• kuchepa kwa mwayi wokulitsa macroangiopathies,
• kuthekera kwa kuphatikiza mankhwala (makamaka monga umboni wa dokotala),
• mtengo wololera.

Tcherani khutu! Biguanides masiku ano ndi mankhwala otchuka kwambiri ochizira matenda amishuga a 2. Kuphatikiza pa kukulitsa chidwi cha minofu kuti ipangire insulin, amachepetsa kwambiri kuyamwa kwa chakudya cham'mimba.

Glucose ofikira zoletsa

Ndikotheka kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi mothandizidwa ndi mankhwala omwe amasokoneza mayamwidwe ake. Woimira wamba pagululi ndi alpha-glucosidase zoletsa za Acarbose.

Limagwirira zake zochita za acarbose

• sizikhudza kulemera kwa wodwala,
• ali ndi chiopsezo chochepa cha zotsatira zoyipa ndi hypoglycemia.
• zingayambitse kusapeza bwino mmimba.

Tcherani khutu! Odwala ambiri zimawavuta kuti mapiritsi okhala ndi Acarbose azidakwa katatu patsiku.

Ndiye, ndimankhwala ati omwe amachepetsa kwambiri magazi?

Kutengera ndi zomwe zapezeka pamwambapa, malamulo awiri ofunikira amatha kusiyanitsidwa mukamakonza njira yothandizira odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga 2:

1. Makonda amaperekedwa ndi mankhwala omwe amachititsa kuti maselo azikhala ndi insulin, m'malo molimbikitsa kupanga mahomoni. Malinga ndi kafukufuku waposachedwa, kuyang'anira kwa metformin kwa nthawi yayitali (Siofor, Glucofage) kuposa zotumphukira za sulufil amawonedwa kukhala othandiza komanso otetezeka.
2. Ngati pali zizindikiro zosamutsira wodwalayo mankhwala a insulin, ayenera kuyambika nthawi yomweyo. Sikoyenera kuyesa kubaya jakisoni ndi mapiritsi, mankhwala azitsamba, mankhwala azikhalidwe, etc.

Chithandizo chosankhidwa bwino chimakwaniritsa bwino.

Chifukwa chake, mankhwala othandiza kwambiri odwala matenda ashuga-2 angaganiziridwe kumwa mapiritsi omwe amachititsa kuti insulini isalimbane nawo. Izi ndichifukwa choti odwala omwe ali ndi mtundu uwu wa matenda ashuga, maselo pafupifupi sachitapo kanthu chifukwa cha timadzi timeneti, timene timamasulidwa pang'ono kapena ngakhale pang'ono.

Kuphatikiza apo, musaiwale kuti zoposa theka la kupambana pochiritsa matenda ndi zakudya zama carb otsika ndi masewera olimbitsa thupi mosangalala. Pokhapokha ngati wodwalayo angamve bwino komanso kupewa kupewa kudwala kwambiri.

Maulosi osasinthika

Moni Posachedwa, abambo adapezeka kuti ali ndi matenda a shuga, adayambitsa kudya komanso kuchiza (Siofor 500 * 1 r / d). Vutoli ndikuti amakana kumwa mapiritsi moyenera: amawerenga kwinakwake za mitundu yonse ya njira za anthu, ndipo ndi omwe amathandizidwa. Amayi, mwachidziwikire, tsopano akonza chilichonse chamadyedwe, samasunga maswiti kunyumba (zimapezeka kuti amatsatira njira yachakudya). Koma bwanji za mankhwalawa? Tsopano ali ndi shuga pamlingo wa 9-10. Zikomo!

Tsiku labwino Zakudya zamagulu olimbitsa thupi komanso masewera olimbitsa thupi ndizofunikira kwambiri pochiza matenda ashuga. Ndikwabwino kuti akudya pompano. Komabe, chipukutiro chamafuta sichikwanira mokwanira (kumbukirani kuti chinangwa chamagulu a odwala matenda ashuga ndi 4.5-6 mmol / L pamimba yopanda kanthu ndi 7.5-8 mmol / L pambuyo chakudya).

Fotokozerani abambo kuti ngati simuthana ndi matendawa, pakapita nthawi, iwonongeka. Zowopsa kwambiri ndizosintha kwa impso, fundus, ulusi wamanjenje, mtima ndi ubongo.

Zilonda sizithandiza

Ndiuzeni, kodi ndizotheka kusintha kuchokera ku jakisoni wa insulin kubwerera kumapiritsi? Mwana wanga wamwamuna ali ndi zaka 7, matenda a shuga adawululidwa miyezi 5 yapitayo. Zitachitika izi, jakisoni adalembedwa. Amakonda kuthandiza bwino, ndipo shuga adatsika modabwitsa. Tsopano sizimasintha pambuyo pa insulin, ndipo mwana watopa ndi jakisoni wokhazikika.

Moni Matenda a shuga omwe akupezeka mwa achinyamata ndi ana siofanana konse ndi matenda ashuga. Mtundu wamatendawa umadziwika ndi kufa kwa maselo a pancreatic beta omwe amapanga insulin, komanso kuchepa kwathunthu kwa timadzi timeneti. Chifukwa chake, njira yokhayo yothanirana ndi matenda a shuga 1 ndi kudzera mu jakisoni wa insulin.

Ngati glycemia munthawi ya chithandizo sichachulukitsa, ndiye kuti pafupipafupi makonzedwe kapena mlingo wa mankhwalawa amasankhidwa molakwika. Onetsetsani kuti mukuyanjananso ndi endocrinologist. Kuphatikiza apo, ndikulimbikitsa kuti inu ndi mwana wanu mupite ku Sukulu ya Matenda a shuga, omwe nthawi zambiri amagwira ntchito m'malo azaumoyo.

MaChinsinsi

Ma secretagogues amaphatikiza mankhwala omwe amalimbikitsa kupanga kwa insulin yawo pakulimbikitsa kapamba.

Katunduyu amabweretsa chiopsezo cha hypoglycemia, ndichifukwa chake mankhwala a gululi amatengedwa kokha ndi chakudya kapena pamaso chakudya.

Secretagogues - mankhwala omwe amachepetsa kuchuluka kwa glucose m'magazi omwe ali ndi shuga osadalira insulin a mtundu wachiwiri, osagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda a shuga omwe amadalira insulin.

Gulu la zachinsinsi limaphatikizapo:

• zochokera sulfonylurea,
  • Mbadwo woyamba - chlorpropamide,
  • M'badwo wachiwiri - glipizide, glibenclamide, gliclazide,
  • M'badwo wachitatu - mankhwala omwe ali ndi glimepiride,
• meglitinides - Nateglinide, Kukonzekera kwa Repaglinide.

Meglitinides

Mankhwalawa matenda amtundu wa 2 shuga, mankhwala omwe mapiritsi omwe ali ndi zinthu zogwiritsidwa ntchito amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuchepetsa magazi:

• Repaglinide - Repaglinide, NovoNorm, kukonzekera kudziwa,
• nateglinide - Starlix.

Monga zotumphukira za sulfonylurea, meglitinides amalimbikitsa ma cell a pancreatic, kuwapangitsa kuti apange insulin.

Zotsatira zake zimadziwika pambuyo pa mphindi 30 mutamwa mapiritsi. Izi ndizothamanga kwambiri kuposa zochokera ku sulfonylurea, koma nthawi yogwira meglitinides ndi yochepa.

Zotsatira zoyipa za meglitinides ndi hypoglycemia, koma chiwopsezo chake chimachepa poyerekeza ndi sulfonylureas. Izi zimawalola kuti azigwiritsidwa ntchito mu ukalamba pakakhala kulephera kwaimpso komanso chiwindi.

Zomvera

Mankhwala a Hypoglycemic a gulu la sensitizer amachititsa chidwi cha minyewa kupita ku insulin ya mahomoni. Mankhwala a Sensitizer omwe amathandiza ndi shuga wamagazi ndi awa:

• biguanides - zochokera phenformin, buformin, metformin,
• thiazolidinediones (TZD) - pioglitazone, rosiglitazone,
• alpha glucosidase zoletsa - Glucobai.

Chimodzi mwazinthu zabwino za gulu la mankhwalawa ndi kusatheka kwa kukhala ndi vuto la hypoglycemic. Othandizira amadzimadzi amachita zomwe zimayambitsa matenda ashuga 2, aziyambitsa, kuyambira magawo oyamba a matenda.

Kuchokera pagulu la beguanides a shuga 2, metformin ndi mankhwala. Mankhwala amapezeka mu mawonekedwe a mapiritsi a pakamwa. Mapiritsi ochepetsa kwambiri shuga a shuga a mtundu 2:

Metformin sichimathandizira kuwonjezeka kwa kulemera, komwe kumalola kuti liperekedwe ngati kunenepa kwambiri. Contraindication ndi:

• wazaka 65 zakubadwa
• kuchepa magazi
• vuto la mtima
• Hypoxia yoyambitsidwa ndi mtima kapena m'mapapo.
• ngozi yamitsempha.

Thimang

Kukonzekera kwa gulu la TZD kumachitika pa ma cell receptors apadera, kuwayambitsa ndikusintha kagayidwe m'thupi. Mothandizidwa ndi thiazolidinediones (glitazones), mphamvu ya insulin ya maselo a chiwindi, minofu ya adipose, ndipo minofu imakulanso makamaka.

Izi zimalola kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a gulu la TZD limodzi ndi metformin mu shuga 2, chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa zotumphukira za insulin sensitivity.

Glitazones amayikidwa makamaka pamapiritsi:

• Rosigliazone - Avandia, Roglite,
• pioglitazone - pioglar, pioglit.

Zotsatira zoyipa zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali kwa TZD imatha kukhala mawonekedwe a edema ndi kuwonda.

Mosamala, mapiritsi ochokera ku gulu la TZD amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga shuga m'magazi pochiza odwala omwe ali ndi vuto la mtima. Mu mtima kulephera kwa grade 3 ndi 4, glitazones sinafotokozedwe.

Alpha Glucosidase Inhibitors

Mankhwala a alpha glucosidase enzyme inhibitor gulu ali ndi mapiritsi a Glucobay omwe ali ndi yogwira acarbose.

Thupi la acarbose limalepheretsa kugwira ntchito kwa enzyme alpha-amylase kwakanthawi, komwe kumaphwanya michere yambiri. Izi zimabweretsa kutsika pang'onopang'ono pakuwonongeka kwa chakudya chamagulu kuchokera ku chakudya kupita ku glucose komanso kuchepa kwa mayamwidwe m'mimba.

Kutenga mapiritsi a Glucobai kumachepetsa kuyamwa kwa glucose, kuwonongeka kwa wowuma m'mimba. Kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa mayamwidwe kumabweretsa kuti mutatha kudya palibe kuchuluka kwadzidzidzi kwa glucose.

Mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda ashuga omwe amadalira insulin komanso osadalira insulin. Glucobai imalowetsedwa mu ana ndi matenda am'mimba omwe amalumikizidwa ndi malabsorption m'mimba yaying'ono.

GPP-1 agonists

Kuchepetsa kwa GLP-1 kumachokera ku dzina la enzyme "gluept-peptide 1".Horm GLP-1 ndi ya banja la matumbo am'mimba ndipo imapangidwa chifukwa cha mawonekedwe a triglycerides ndi chakudya m'matumbo.

Mawu oti "agonist" atha kutanthauziridwa kuti "wothandizira", "othandizira." Mankhwala a gululi amatsanzira mphamvu ya glucose-peptide-1, potero amalimbikitsa mphamvu ya zomwe akuchita.

Monga glyptins, agonists amawonjezera kupanga kwawo kwa insulin pambuyo chakudya. Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a gululi ndikulimbikitsidwa kwa odwala onenepa kwambiri, monga agonists a GLP-1:

• chepetsa njala
• thandizani kutsitsa magazi,
• zimasokoneza ntchito ya mtima.

AgP-1 agonists amaphatikiza mankhwala opangira jekeseni mu Bayeta syringe pens (exenatide) ndi Viktoza. Zomwe zamakono kwambiri ndi Victoza, wopangidwa pamaziko a liraglutide - analog ya GLP-1 yaumunthu.

Mankhwalawa amathandizira pambuyo pobayidwa tsiku lonse, amasintha ntchito ya pancreatic ndipo samakhala pachiwopsezo cha hypoglycemic reaction. Izi zikutanthauza kuti palibe chovuta chokhala ndi vuto la hypoglycemic nthawi ya chithandizo ndi Viktoza.

Mankhwala Viktoza amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuchepetsa shuga, monga monoteratia, komanso kuphatikiza mapiritsi ena a antidiabetesic ndi insulin.

Glyphlosins

Kusintha kwa zinthu kumachitika nthawi zonse mu impso, pomwe pomwe zinthu zoyipa zimachotsedwa m'thupi, ndipo zopindulitsa zimayatsidwa ndikubwezeretsanso impso. Njirayi imatchedwa reabsorption, ndipo zimachitika mothandizidwa ndi puloteni yapadera yomwe imanyamula, i.e., imanyamula glucose kubwerera ku impso.

Ngati musokoneza magwiridwe antchito amtunduwu a impso, ndiye kuti shuga amachoka ndi mkodzo, womwe pomaliza umachepetsa mulingo wake m'magazi. Zochita za glyphlozin kukonzekera zimakhazikitsidwa pamakina awa.

Mndandanda wa mankhwala omwe ali mgulu la ma hyphlosins omwe amachepetsa shuga ya magazi ndi ochepa, mpaka pano pali mayina awiri apiritsi okha omwe amaphatikizidwa:

• Forsiga ndi mankhwala othandizira mu dapagliflozin,
• Jardins - kutengera ndi empagliflozin.

Ubwino wogwiritsa ntchito glyphlozines pakuwongolera shuga kuphatikiza kuchepa thupi, mwayi wogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ena opatsirana pama mapiritsi osalolera.

Glyphlosins amaphatikizidwa chifukwa cha vuto laimpso, matenda a genitourinary system. Kugwiritsa ntchito mapiritsi okhala ndi mayina Jardins, Forsiga kuchokera ku shuga yayikulu kwa matenda oopsa kumakhala kochepa.

Cholinga cha onse omwe ali ndi vuto la antiidiabetes pama jakisoni ndi mapiritsi ndikuthandizira matenda a shuga m'magazi. Njira iliyonse ili ndi, limodzi ndi maubwino, ndi maumboni angapo komansoolephera kugwiritsa ntchito.

Pogwiritsa ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana zochitikira, poganizira zaka ndi momwe thanzi la wodwalayo, dokotala amasankha mtundu wina wa chithandizo. Mutha kuwerengera za miyezo ya shuga ya magazi mwa akulu ndi ana pazinthu zina zamalo.

Mankhwala ochepetsa shuga

Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, chithandizo cha matenda ashuga ndichizindikiro kwambiri ndipo cholinga chake ndi kuchotsa zizolowezi zoyipa za matendawa. Njira yayikulu yochizira imaganiziridwa kuti ndi chipukuta cha zamankhwala cha carbohydrate metabolism.

Mankhwala amkamwa

Ambiri omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a 2, amagawika m'magulu awiri akulu:

1. Sulfonamides. Zotumphukira za sulfonylureas, limagwirira ake amene amatengera kukondoweza kwa amkati mtundu wa insulin katulutsidwe, kuponderezedwa kwa kaphatikizidwe ka shuga mu chiwindi ndi kapangidwe ka glucagon. Mankhwala osavuta komanso otsika mtengo a m'badwo woyamba - Carbutamide ndi Chlorpropamide.
2. Biguanides. Mtundu wamakono wamankhwala, womwe umakhazikitsidwa ndi kukhudzika kwachangu kwa anaerobic glycolysis, komwe kumapangitsa kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa glucose pomanga minofu. Masiku ano, madokotala nthawi zambiri amapereka Metformin ndi Silubin.

Kunja kwa magulu awiriwa, pali mankhwala ena omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chidziwitso cha mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga:

1. Olamulira a glycemia a prandial mtundu. Mitundu ya "Emergency" yochepetsera shuga yothamanga kwambiri, yotulutsa shuga yochepa kwakanthawi. Mankhwala wamba ndi Nateglinide ndi Repaglinide.
2. Thiazolidinediones - mtundu wa Biguanides, amalimbikitsa chidwi cha minofu kumapangidwe a shuga.
3. Ma alpha-glycosidase inhibitors ndi zoletsa zam'mimba za enzyme zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi kuwonongeka kwa zovuta zam'mimba zomwe thupi limatulutsa shuga. Kudya pafupipafupi mankhwalawa kumachepetsa kuyamwa kwa m'matumbo.

Mankhwala a insulin

Ndi matenda a shuga a mtundu woyamba 1 komanso kufooka kwa njira zina zochizira odwala matenda ashuga omwe ali ndi mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda, insulin ina.

Mankhwala a insulin, monga mtundu wofunikira komanso wofunikira kwambiri wa chithandizo cha matenda amishuga, nthawi zina ndi njira yosakhazikika yotsatsira zizindikiro zowopsa za matendawa. Ndiwachikhalidwe chophatikiza magawo apafupi, apakati komanso nthawi yayitali pochita chimodzi, komanso cholimbikitsidwa ndi mtundu wofooka kapena wapakati wa matenda ashuga.

Masiku ano, dziko lapansi limagwiritsa ntchito njira zingapo zoyendetsera insulin:

1. Kugwiritsa ntchito syringe. Njira yakale yomwe idayambika kumayambiriro kwa chilengedwe cha insulin. Njira yotsika mtengo, koma yosavomerezeka kwambiri, imagwira ntchito mmaiko osatukuka kumene.
2. Kugwiritsa ntchito cholembera. Njira yosavuta, yosavuta yokhala ndi kusapeza bwino, komwe kumakupatsani mwayi wokutulutsa insulin mwachangu kwambiri komanso mopanda kupweteka. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito ku Russia, pang'onopang'ono m'malo mwa njira yakale.
3. Kugwiritsa ntchito pampu ya insulin. Njira yabwino yogwiritsira ntchito insulin, yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka m'maiko otukuka. Njira yodzichitira kwathunthu, komabe, ilibe malire pazowoneka zolimbitsa thupi ndipo zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito mu kotala ya odwala onse.
4. Njira zatsopano. Madera olonjeza amakono ndikupanga njira zosavuta kwambiri zoperekera insulin, makamaka, chigamba chapadera cha mankhwala.

Zakudya zochepetsa shuga

Kusankhidwa koyenera kwa anthu odwala matenda ashuga amtundu uliwonse ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zofunikira kwambiri pazachipatala chovuta kwambiri chomwe chimawonetsedwa motsutsana ndi mawonekedwe a matenda.

Pali malingaliro kuti wodwala yemwe ali ndi matenda ashuga amafunikira zakudya zolimba kwambiri pokana kukonzanso mbale zambiri, ndipo, motero. Izi sizowona konse, chifukwa momwe thupi lamunthu liliri, mtundu wa matenda ashuga ndi kuwonekera kwake komwe kumachitika munthawi iliyonse kumakhala ndi gawo lalikulu pano. Ngakhale zakudya “zoletsedwa” zitha kudyedwa m'miyeso yaying'ono mothandizidwa ndi wazakudya. Komabe, kuti muthe kuthana ndi vutoli, ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito:

1. Oatmeal. CHIKWANGWANI mu kapangidwe kake kamakhala ndi shuga wovomerezeka.
2. Mtedza. Ma walnuts apamwamba amakhala ndi mapuloteni / fiber zofunika, zomwe zimalepheretsa shuga kulowa m'magazi. Mlingo wovomerezeka tsiku lililonse kwa munthu ndi 40-50 magalamu.
3. Avocado Chipatso chabwino ichi chimakhala ndi zinthu zambiri zofunika kufufuza, folic acid ndi fiber zosungunuka, komanso mafuta a monounsaturated. Kulimbana ndi shuga komanso chitetezo chokwanira ndizosavuta komanso zosavuta.
4. Cinnamon Zonunkhira za milungu ndizosungiramo zenizeni za magnesium, polyphenols ndi fiber, kotero onetsetsani kuti muwonjezeranso zokometsera izi muzakudya za tsiku ndi tsiku.
5. Tsabola wofiyira belu. Vitamini C ndi antioxidants, komanso mphamvu yochepetsedwa ya shuga imapangitsa kuti malonda anu akhale ofunika kwambiri kukhitchini yanu.
6. Mbewu yonse. Phala labwino la mapira, malinga ndi maphunziro ena, amachepetsa chiopsezo chokhala ndi matenda ashuga ndi makumi awiri pa zana.
7. Nsomba. Iyenera kudyedwa katatu kapena katatu pa sabata.
8. Broccoli Kuphatikizika kwa ndiwo zamasamba ndi polyphenols, komwe kumachepetsa mphamvu yotupa.
9. Strawberry Pazocheperako, zipatso zabwino zimathandizira kukhala ndi shuga wabwinobwino, komanso mulinso ma antioxidants, vitamini C, ndi fiber.
10. Garlic. Chochita ichi chimathandizira kapamba ndikupanga insulini yachilengedwe.
11. Yerusalemu artichoke. Izi zili ndi zambiri za fructose ndi insulin.
12. Ziphuphu. Nyemba, nandolo, ndi mphodza ndi malenje atatu omwe amachepetsa chiopsezo cha matenda ashuga ndi makumi asanu.

Zakudya za shuga zambiri

Mosasamala mtundu wa shuga omwe wapezeka mwa wodwala, zakudya zapadera ndizofunikira kwa iye. Zakudya zopangidwa moyenera zimathandizira kuchepetsa kudalira kwa munthu insulin, ndipo nthawi zina kuisiya kwathunthu, ndikuthandizira zakudya zatsiku ndi tsiku zomwe zimachepetsa shuga.

Sikulimbikitsidwa kuti mupange menyu yanu pawokha - izi ziyenera kuchitika ndi katswiri wazakudya yemwe aziganizira momwe thupi la wodwalayo likuvutikira, zovuta za matenda a shuga ndi zina.

Zakudya za wodwala wodwala matenda a shuga nthawi zambiri zimaphatikizapo:

1. Masamba ophika masamba, ma broth ofooka.
2. Zinthu zopaka (kupatula muffin) kuchokera ku rye, chinangwa ndi ufa wa tirigu wachiwiri.
3. Ng'ombe, nkhumba zosapsa ndi nkhuku.
4. Zakudya zodyera.
5. Chiwindi ndi lilime yophika.
6. Mazira opanda mapuloteni.
7. Nsomba yamafuta ochepa.
8. Oat, balere wa ngale, mapira ndi chimanga chotsekera, komanso ma nyemba.
9. Zinthu zamafuta ochepa mkaka / mkaka.
10. Zakudya zamafuta ochepa.
11. Mapulogalamu osavuta a masamba ndi zakudya zam'nyanja.
12. Zipatso zopanda zipatso / zipatso.
13. Mafuta okhathamira komanso ghee.
14. Mwa zakumwa - tiyi, ma decoctions a rose m'chiuno, timadziti kuchokera masamba kapena zipatso.
15. Mitundu ina ya maswiti - mousse, zakudya zonunkhira, maswiti ndi zina zotengera shuga.

Mwapadera kapena kupatula kwathunthu:

1. Ma broth olemera.
2. Zogulitsa zilizonse kuchokera ku muffin / puff pastry.
3. Zakudya zouma, zakudya zokazinga.
4. Pickles marinades.
5. Nyama / mafuta ophikira.
6. Malonda onse amakhala ndi shuga.
7. Zipatso zokoma.
8. Pasitala, mpunga, semolina.
9. Kirimu.
10. Zakudya zamafuta ndi nsomba.
11. Zakumwa zokoma.

Menyu ya sabata limodzi ndi matenda ashuga

Tiyenera kudziwa kuti ndi mtundu woyamba wa shuga, osati menyu wokhazikika womwe umabwera, koma kuwerengetsa kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamagulu omwe amapezeka mchipinda chimodzi, chofotokozedwa m'magulu a buledi. Oyerekezedwa ndi zomwe zili mu XE zofanana m'magulu azomwe zimapangidwira zimakhala ndi matebulo apadera, komanso malingaliro a katswiri wazakudya. Type 2 shuga mellitus, yemwe wapezeka mu milandu 9 mwa 10 ya matendawa, amafunika kutsatira kwambiri zakudya, chifukwa nthawi zambiri chithandizo cha insulin sichimachitika.

Ndikofunika kuthyola zakudya za tsiku ndi tsiku muzakudya 5-6.

Lolemba

1. Tili ndi chakudya cham'mawa chokhala ndi phala la buckwheat ndi mkaka, tchizi chokhala ndi mafuta ochepa komanso msuzi wa rosehip.
2. Kwa nkhomaliro, kapu yamadzi kuchokera masamba.
3. Timadya nkhomaliro ndi masamba a borsch, masamba otetemera. Monga mchere - zakudya ndi tiyi.
4. Khalani ndi zipatso zamasana 1-2 zopanda zipatso.
5. Chakudya chamadzulo - nsomba yophika, kabichi wokazinga ndi yogurt kuchokera mkaka wowonda.

1. Chakudya cham'mawa - Hortules ya oatmeal yokhala ndi apulo ndi yogurt yamafuta ochepa.
2. Zakudya zamagulu musanadye - vwende smoothie.
3. Kwa nkhomaliro - mbale ya mphodza yokhala ndi nyama yamchere ndi masamba.
4. Khalani ndi tchuthi chamadzulo mapeyala ndi mango.
5. Chakudya chamadzulo ndi nandolo ndi msuzi wa parsley.

1. Chakudya choyamba ndi omelet wokhala ndi tchizi wopanda mafuta, tomato ndi basil.
2. Chakudya chamasana, masamba obiriwira.
3. Tili ndi nkhomaliro ndi msuzi wokhala ndi nandolo wobiriwira ndi udzu winawake, komanso timabowo ta nkhuku.
4. Tili ndi mapeyala ochepa ndi ma almond ochepa.
5. Chakudya chamadzulo - nsomba zovekedwa ndi sipinachi ndi yogurt yamafuta ochepa.

1. Chakudya cham'mawa ndi theka la keke ya plamu yopanda ufa.
2. Zakudya zokhazokha - sangweji imodzi ya masaladi oyera.
3. Chakudya chamasana - msuzi wokhala ndi broccoli ndi kolifulawa, komanso mafuta amphika a nyama yam'madzi yotsika ndi phwetekere, arugula ndi tchizi.
4. Chakudya chamadzulo cham'mawa - zipatso zosapsa ndi zipatso.
5. Chakudya chamadzulo - mpukutu wonse wa broccoli.

1. Tidzadya chakudya cham'mawa ndi tchizi zingapo, buledi ziwiri zathunthu, komanso malalanje ndi kapu ya tiyi wopanda shuga.
2. Chakudya cham'mawa chachiwiri - saladi ya beetroot ndi magalamu 50 a walnuts, komanso supuni ya mafuta a mpiru.
3. Timadya pambale ya mpunga wophika watchire, kagawo ka nsomba zamafuta ochepa ndi mphesa.
4. Khalani ndi chakudya chamasana ndi zipatso zatsopano zomwe zimakhala ndi zonona zochepa (osaposa 15 peresenti).
5. Chakudya chamadzulo - saladi yamasamba yophika anyezi wophika.

1. Chakudya choyamba ndi zokometsera za karoti.
2. Zakudya zokhazokha ndizoyambira nsomba ndi sipinachi ndi kapu ya yogati.
3. Chakudya chachiwiri - mawere awiri a nkhuku yophika, saladi ya arugula, magalamu a 150-200 a yamatcheri.
4. Chakudya chachiwiri chokhazikika ndi mousse wa nthochi ndi kuphatikiza kiwi.
5. Chakudya chomaliza ndi nsomba zomwe zimaphikidwa mu uvuni ndi zonunkhira zina zachilengedwe.

Lamlungu

1. Chakudya cham'mawa - mazira ena owiritsa ndi zinziri zingapo.
2. Chakudya cham'mawa chachiwiri - saladi woyambirira wa squid wophika, walnuts ndi maapulo.
3. Chakudya chamasana - beetroot ndi biringanya wophika ndi mtedza mu makangaza madzi.
4. Chakudya chamadzulo masana - kapu ya ayisikilimu yamafuta ochepa okhala ndi avocado.
5. Chakudya chamadzulo - nsomba imagwira ndi msuzi wa radish.

Momwe mungachepetsere msanga mankhwala azitsamba?

Mankhwala achikhalidwe amadziwa njira zingapo zochepetsera msanga shuga. Pansipa, zothandiza kwambiri zidzasindikizidwa. Dziwani kuti kugwiritsa ntchito zithandizo zilizonse za anthu odwala matenda ashuga kuyenera kuvomerezedwa kaye ndi dokotala.

1. Phatikizani zokolola za msipu kuchokera ku mphukira za mabulosi abulu, nyemba zosaneneka (magalamu awiri onsewo) ndi zouma zokhala ndi mahatchi ndi maluwa a chamomile (onse magalamu 0,1), kenako onjezani mizu yowuma yaudindo (0,15 magalamu). Wiritsani zomwe zikuphatikiza ndi 0,5 malita a madzi, ozizira, kupsinjika ndi kuwononga masana kwa masitepe atatu.
2. Tengani zofanana masamba a mtedza ndi elecampane wokwera, thirani madzi owiritsa mugalasi, kupsyinjika ndikugwiritsa ntchito gulp imodzi, osadikirira kuziziritsa kwathunthu.
3. Kutalika kwa masamba ndi zipatso za mabulosi abulu kuyenera kuphatikizidwa ndi decoction ya lingonberries kapena sitiroberi zamtchire, zisiyeni kuti zizipanga kwa maola awiri, ndikumwa chikho chimodzi panthawi yomwe shuga ikukula.
4. Idyani anyezi ndi adyo tsiku lililonse mosamala, makamaka mwanjira yachilengedwe - izi zimachepetsa shuga la magazi ndikuwonjezera chitetezo chokwanira.

Ndi zakudya ziti zomwe zimathandizira kuchepetsa shuga m'magazi a shuga?

Kusankha koyenera kudya kumadalira zifukwa zingapo, kuphatikiza mtundu wa matenda omwe apezeka, zovuta za njira yake, machitidwe a thupi la wodwala, ndi zina zambiri. Timalimbikitsa kutenga ngati maziko a zakudya zomwe tafotokozazi. Ndizoyenera kwa odwala onse omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga a 2, komanso kuwongolera pang'ono (kuwonjezeka pang'ono kwa kuchuluka kwazogulitsa) komanso odwala matenda ashuga omwe ali ndi matenda oyamba. Zakudya zamagulu 9 komanso njira zina zopatsa thanzi zomwe zimapangidwira ku USSR nthawi zambiri sizothandiza kwenikweni ndipo sizimakumana ndi zochitika zenizeni zamakono zokhudzana ndi zomwe ambiri aku Russia amakonda.

Momwe mungachepetse shuga pamimba?

Mayi woyembekezera angafunikire kukonza kwamunthu wina pakudya ndi kuchepa kwa chakudya, koma kusungidwa kwake kwamtengo, komanso kuthana ndi insulin. Mankhwala ambiri ochepetsa shuga amatha kukhala otsutsana kwathunthu, kapena angagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati akuwongoleredwa ndi dokotala komanso kuyang'aniridwa pafupipafupi ndi odwala.

Kodi pali zitsamba zomwe zimachepetsa shuga?

Zomera zingapo, kuphatikizapo zitsamba, zimatsimikizira kutsika kwa magazi.Othandizira odziwika bwino a herbal hypoglycemic ndi mahatchi olimbitsa, ma elecampane okwera, akale, ginseng, mankhwala obiriwira, chicory, dioica nettle, knotweed, letesi, etc. Komabe, tikuchenjezeratu pasadakhale - angagwiritsidwe ntchito pokhapokha mutakambirana ndi adokotala komanso molondola kwambiri Mlingo woyenera.

Ndiuzeni chonde njira yochepetsera shuga kunyumba?

Pali njira zingapo zochepetsera shuga kwakanthawi kwakanthawi, komanso mwanjira zina. Chosavuta komanso chothandiza kwambiri:

1. Kuchita zolimbitsa thupi kwapakatikati / mwamphamvu.
2. Kumwa mankhwala ochepetsa shuga.
3. Kugwiritsa ntchito decoctions, tinctures, extracts ndi zonunkhira za mankhwala otchuka a hypoglycemic - kuyambira anyezi / adyo ndi mizu ya astragalus mpaka udzu winawake, masamba a dandelion komanso barberry.
4. Kuchepetsa kwakanthawi chakudya.

Kodi ndizowona kuti sinamoni amachepetsa shuga mu shuga?

Mawuwa ndi umboni wotsimikiziridwa mwasayansi, wotsimikiziridwa ndi mayesero angapo azachipatala. Tikulankhula za sinamoni waku China wokhala ndi makungwa olimba komanso ochepa magawo a mtundu wotchedwa wa bulauni. Njira yeniyeni yokhudzana ndi zonunkhira za thupi pa nthawi yochepetsa shuga sichikudziwika, koma akatswiri ambiri amakhulupirira kuti chomwe chimayambitsa izi ndi machitidwe a amino acid, cinnamaldehydes ndi levuloses, omwe amapanga antioxidant katundu wa sinamoni akamalowa m'thupi. Mlingo wovomerezeka uli ndi magalamu asanu ndi limodzi patsiku.

Mankhwala ochepetsa shuga m'magazi: gulu

Gulu lomwe limaganiziridwalo limadziwika ndi chosasinthika. Ichi ndichifukwa chake, pofuna kuthandizira kuyang'ana, magulu ena am'magazi adadziwika, iliyonse yomwe ili ndi njira yapadera yochitirapo kanthu.

1. MaChinsinsi. Kukonzekera kutsitsa shuga wamagazi, omwe ali m'gululi, amathandizira kwambiri kuti insulini izitulutsidwa m'maselo a kapamba.
2. Zomvera. Othandizira awa amathandizira kuwonjezera kukhudzika kwa zotumphukira zapadera zazovuta za zotsatira za insulin ya mahomoni.
3. Alfa glucosidase zoletsa. Mankhwala otere amasokoneza mayamwidwe okangalika a insulin m'chigawo china cha m'mimba.
4. Mankhwala atsopano ochepetsa shuga zimakhudzanso minofu ya adipose mu thupi la munthu, komanso zimathandizira kupanga mapangidwe a insulin.

Mankhwala atsopano ochepetsa shuga

Mankhwala omwe akupezeka masiku ano samakwaniritsa zofunikira za odwala, chifukwa chake kafukufuku akuchitika nthawi zonse ndipo mankhwala opangidwa mwatsopano akupangidwa.

Zotsatira zabwino zimawonetsedwa ndi Liraglutide, yomwe imakhudza kwambiri minofu ya adipose ndipo mwanjira iliyonse siyimatulutsa ziphuphu. Mankhwalawa amagulitsidwa ngati cholembera (chimodzimodzi) ndi insulin yapamwamba. Mankhwalawa amayenera kuperekedwa mwachangu.

"Januvia": malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito

Mtengo wa mankhwalawo umavomerezeka mokwanira ndi mtundu wake. Ogula akuti mankhwalawo omwe ali pamndandandawo ndi othandizadi ngati mankhwala othandizira kupewa monga zakudya zapadera ndi masewera ena olimbitsa thupi, omwe akuwonetsedwa kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a 2, ngati njira zowongolera glycemic control.

Komanso, akatswiri amalimbikitsa kumwa mankhwalawa kuphatikiza ndi thiazolidinedione kapena metformin. Njira yakuchiritsira iyi iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha zovuta za monotherapy, zakudya ndi masewera sizithandiza kusunga kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi pamlingo woyenera.

Madokotala omwe amapezekapo amalimbikitsa kwambiri kuti odwala awerenge mosamala zomwe malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito akunena za kukonzekera kwa Januvia asanayambe chithandizo. Mtengo wapakati wa mankhwala ndi ma ruble 3,000 ndi mazana awiri. Mtengo nthawi zambiri umadalira ndendende malo omwe amagulitsa mankhwala.

"Baeta": malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito

Mtengo wa mankhwalawa umachokera ku anayi ndi theka mpaka ma ruble 3,000.

Mankhwala omwe amafunsidwa amaperekedwa kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a mtundu wachiwiri. Mankhwalawa amagwira ntchito monga mbali yofunika kwambiri ya monotherapy, komanso ngati gawo limodzi la mankhwala. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito molumikizana ndi zakudya zapadera komanso masewera olimbitsa thupi osankhidwa bwino.

Momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito mankhwalawa? Iyenera kuperekedwa mwachangu m'mimba, pamphumi kapena ntchafu. Mlingo wogwira ntchito ndi ma microgram asanu. Iyenera kuperekedwa kawiri pa tsiku osachepera ola limodzi asanadye. Pakupita mwezi umodzi, mlingo umalimbikitsidwa kuwonjezedwa.

Ndikofunikira kuti wodwalayo aphunzire zonse zakukonzekera Bayeta asanayambe chithandizo: malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito, mtengo wa mankhwalawo, cholowa m'malo ndi zotsutsana. Izi zikuthandizira kupewa zovuta zosagwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa.

Kukonzekera "Galvus" kumayitanitsa malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito othandizira a hypoglycemic. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito mwachangu mu matenda a shuga a mtundu wachiwiri.

Mankhwala tikulimbikitsidwa kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito limodzi ndi zakudya zomwe zaperekedwa komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi mwapadera, kapena osakanikirana ndi mankhwala monga Metformin, ngati njira yoyamba yothandizira ithandizire.

Pali zotsutsana pa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa. Mwa iwo: m'badwo wa ana (mpaka zaka khumi ndi zisanu ndi zitatu), galactose tsankho (makamaka, kubereka osalolera), hypersensitivity imodzi ya zigawo zina za mankhwalawa, kusowa kwa lactase, komanso glucose-galactose malabsorption, kuphwanya chiwindi ntchito.

Kodi ndingamwe mankhwalawo? Mankhwalawa amamwa pakamwa, mosasamala chakudya. Ngati wodwala amatenga insulin ndi metformin, mankhwalawa amadziwitsidwa pa mlingo wa ma grig zana zana patsiku. Komabe, mulingo woyenera ayenera kutsimikiziridwa ndi adokotala okha, omwe ali ndi chidziwitso chokwanira chokhudza thanzi la wodwalayo ndipo amatha kuwunika moyenera zidziwitso zonse zomwe zilipo zokhudzana ndi mankhwala a Galvus (malangizo, magwiritsidwe, makamaka ntchito).

Chofunikira chachikulu pa mankhwalawa ndi metamorphine hydrochloride. Amawerengedwa ngati mankhwala amphamvu ochepetsa shuga a gulu la Biguanides. Akatswiri amatcha Siofor mankhwala abwino kwambiri m'gululi la mankhwala, omwe ndi oyenera kugwiritsa ntchito osati othandizira, komanso kupewa. Mankhwalawa amatha kukhala gawo lalikulu la monotherapy, komanso gawo la zovuta zovuta, zomwe zimaphatikizapo zinthu zina zochepetsera shuga.

Kodi Siofor amachepetsa bwanji magazi? Zonse zimatengera momwe wodwalayo amatsatira molondola kwa akatswiri. Musanayambe chithandizo, ndikofunikira kupenda momwe impso zimagwirira ntchito komanso njira yonse yowonekera. Maphunzirowa amayenera kuchitika miyezi isanu ndi umodzi yonse mukamalandira chithandizo komanso chaka china mukamaliza. Simungathe kumwa ayodini nthawi imodzi ndi mankhwala ochepetsa shuga. Komanso kumwa mankhwalawa kwa masiku awiri chisanachitike mayeso a X-ray komanso kwa maola angapo pambuyo pake. Kumayambiriro kwa mankhwalawa, munthu ayenera kupewa kuchita zinthu zomwe zingafunike kuti ayankhe ndi kuikirapo mtima.

Ndi zoletsedwa kumwa mowa panthawi yamankhwala.

Chofunikira chachikulu cha mankhwalawo chomwe chikufunsidwa ndi metformin hydrochloride. Gawani "Metformin" mu shuga ya digiri yachiwiri kwa odwala omwe samadwala ketoacidosis (makamaka, imakhudza anthu omwe amakonda kunenepa kwambiri), komanso pakalibe zovuta zamankhwala. Nthawi zina amagwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi insulin (yothandiza kwambiri kunenepa kwambiri).

Pali zotsutsana pa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa. Mwa iwo: kuvutikira kwa impso, kuchepa madzi m'thupi, matenda ashuga a ketoacidosis, chikomokere, kutentha thupi, matenda ashuga, matenda opatsirana, Hypoxia, opaleshoni, kuvulala kwambiri, poyizoni wam'mimba, kusokoneza chiwindi, nthawi ya gestation, wailesi ya radioisotope, lactic acidosis, otsika kalori chakudya, tsankho la munthu pazigawo za mankhwala.

Kuwongolera kwa glycemia kuyenera kuchitika pokhapokha kuyang'aniridwa ndi katswiri waluso komanso mothandizidwa ndi mankhwala apamwamba. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuyang'anira chidwi pakusankhidwa kwa mankhwala oyenera. Kusanthula mosamala zazomwe zili pamwambazi kudzakuthandizani pankhani yovutayi. Unikani mosamalitsa mbali zonse za mankhwala osankhidwa musanayambe chithandizo.

Sankhani zinthu zanu zokha komanso za okondedwa anu. Khalani athanzi!