Mulingo wokwanira wa hemoglobin wa glycated m'magazi: chikhalidwe cha anthu athanzi komanso odwala matenda ashuga

Tiona kuti hemoglobin ndi glycated ndi chiyani, komanso matenda ake a shuga. Chomwe chimasiyanitsa kusanthula kwa glycogemoglobin ndikutsimikiza kwa phindu la shuga m'miyezi itatu kapena inayi yapitayo. Izi zimapangitsa kuti azitha kulondola kuchuluka kwa odwala omwe ali ndi vuto la shuga komanso kuwongolera chithandizo ngati pangafunike kutero.

Zofooka za njirayi zimaberekera poti mayeso sapereka chidziwitso pakusintha kwadzidzidzi kwa glucose. Mayeso a glycated hemoglobin amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati njira yowonjezera yowerengera.

Mtengo wa kafukufuku wamakliniki azinsinsi ndi pafupifupi ma ruble 400, nthawi yotsogolera ndi -1 tsiku.

Kodi hemoglobin ya glycated ikuwonetsa chiyani, ndipo chikufunika kuchitanji?

Glycohemoglobin (HbA1c) ndi cholembera cha biochemical cholembera chomwe chimawonetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi miyezi itatu kapena inayi yapitayo. Mayeso a shuga a glycated amasiyana ndi muyeso wachilendo wama glucose chifukwa umapereka chidziwitso kwa nthawi yayitali, osati panthawi yakuwunikira.

Kapangidwe ka glycohemoglobin kumachitika chifukwa cha zomwe zimachitika m'mafuta a shuga amine. Mthupi la munthu, glucose wambiri amaphatikizika mosasintha ndi hemoglobin yomwe ili m'maselo ofiira a m'magazi.

Chofunikira: mwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda osokoneza bongo a mellitus, momwe glycohemoglobin imapangidwira imathamanga kwambiri motsutsana ndi maziko a shuga. Izi zimathandiza kugwiritsa ntchito kuwunika kwa hemoglobin wa glycated kuti apewe mawonekedwe a chithandizo komanso kupezeka kwa kuwonongeka kwa matenda a shuga.

Kodi nchifukwa ninji glycogemoglobin imawonetsa shuga m'magazi m'miyezi itatu mpaka inayi yokha? Kutalika kwa maselo ofiira a m'magazi ndi kuyambira masiku 120 mpaka 125. Panthawi imeneyi, hemoglobin yomwe ilimo imatha kuthira shuga waulere. Izi zikufotokoza zomwe zili muyezo wa nthawi yayitali.

Kusanthula shuga kwa glycated kumachitika ndi cholinga cha:

• kuwongolera glycemic mwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga a mitundu yonse iwiri, chifukwa kuyang'anira kuyika kwakanthawi kochepa ndikofunikira kwa iwo. Mtsogolomo, izi zimathandiza kuchepetsa chiwopsezo kapena kuchepetsera kukula kwa zovuta za matenda,
• kuyeza kuchuluka kwa shuga pamiyezi itatu kapena inayi yapitayo,
• kuthana ndi kufunika kokonza njira zosankhidwa za matenda a shuga,
• Kuzindikira mitundu ya shuga
• kudziwika koyambirira kwa matenda a shuga, chifukwa mu magawo oyamba a matendawa amatha kuchitika popanda kutchulidwa. Nthawi yomweyo, ndikofunikira kwambiri kusintha zakudya, momwe mumakhalira ndi chithandizo chamankhwala panthawi.

Mlingo wa glycated hemoglobin mu shuga

Malinga ndi gulu la etiology, mitundu yayikulu 4 ya matenda ashuga imasiyanitsidwa:

• choyambirira, maselo apakhungu laumunthu awonongedwa ndikusiya kubereka insulin,
• mtundu wachiwiri, ngakhale utapanga insulin, maselo aumunthu samazindikira,
• gestational, kuwonetsedwa pa nthawi yapakati. Sizothandiza ngati mayi anali ndi matenda ashuga asanabadwe kapena ayi,
• mitundu ina yolumikizidwa ndi kusintha kwa majini, ma pathologies a endocrine system, mankhwala ndi zina.

Mwa anthu athanzi, mtengo wa glycogemoglobin uli pamtunda kuchokera 4 mpaka 5.9%.

Ngati mukuyezetsa magazi pafupipafupi kuchuluka kwa chizindikiro kuchokera ku 5.9 mpaka 6.4% chojambulidwa, ndiye kuti wodwalayo amadziwitsidwa za boma la prediabetes. Izi zikutanthauza kuti sanadwale matenda a shuga, koma pali zizindikiro zakulekerera kwa shuga. Chifukwa chake, muyenera kuyang'anitsitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi ndikuwunika kwambiri zomwe zikuwonetsa matenda ashuga.

Muyezo wa glycemic hemoglobin mu matenda ashuga ndi 6.5 - 7%. Ndizinthu zamtunduwu zomwe zimawoneka kuti ndizabwino, chifukwa chake anthu odwala matenda ashuga ayenera kutsatira izi. Kuyikira kwake ndikuyandikira kwa 6.5%, ndikosavuta kukhala ndi shuga yachilengedwe komanso jakisoni wa insulin kapena mankhwala. Kuwonjezeka kwa glycogemoglobin kumapangitsa kwambiri matendawa ndipo kumawonjezera mwayi wokhala ndi zovuta: matenda a impso, ziwalo zam'maso, komanso mavuto amisala.

Chofunikira: kudziwika kwa milingo ya glycohemoglobin yoposa 8% kumawonetsa chithandizo chofunikira komanso kufunika kokonzanso mwachangu.

Momwe mungayesere magazi a shuga a glycated?

Kutengera kuti mawonekedwewo amawonetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi miyezi ingapo yapitayo, zinthu zokhazo zomwe zimagwira munthu panthawiyo ndizomwe zimawakhudza. Ngakhale izi, muyenera kutsatira malamulo oyenera pokonzekera kuperekera zinthu zachilengedwe:

• Akuluakulu amalimbikitsidwa kuti azikhala ndi nthawi yochepa atatha kudya kwa maola 3-4, kwa ana ndizovomerezeka kuchepetsa nthawi mpaka maola 2-3,
• kumwa madzi ambiri opanda mafuta popanda mpweya kumathandizira kwambiri njira yotengera magazi kuchokera m'mitsempha. Chofunika kwambiri kwa ana,
• ndizoletsedwa kumwa mowa tsiku lisanafike magazi,
• ndizoletsedwa kumwa khofi, tiyi, supuni, juisi 3-4 maola asanaperekedwe magazi,
• kupsinjika kwamthupi ndi m'maganizo kumakhudza kugwira ntchito kwa machitidwe ndi ziwalo zonse za munthu, chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kuti musawatenge ola limodzi musanapite ku labotale,
• Nikotini imakhudza kugwira ntchito kwa mtima komanso kukweza m'magazi shuga, motero muyenera kusiya ola limodzi musanatenge magazi.

Wogwira ntchitoyo ayenera kudziwitsidwa za mankhwala omwe adamwa komanso za kukhalapo / kusowa kwa matenda a shuga.

Kodi chingachitike ndi chiyani posanthula?

Zotsatira zosasinthika kwambiri pakuwunika zimapezeka mwa anthu odwala cell anemia, hemolysis ndi magazi. Izi ndichifukwa choti kuchuluka kwa maselo ofiira a m'magazi kumatsika, ndipo hemoglobin imatha kuthana ndi shuga wosavuta. Ngakhale izi, mulingo wa shuga m'magazi ndiwopamwamba kuposa zofunikira.

Zotsatira zabodza zimawonedwa kwa odwala omwe atha kuthiridwa magazi posachedwa, komanso odwala omwe ali ndi vuto la kuchepa kwa chitsulo ndi kuchepa kwa magazi a folic acid.

Izi ndichifukwa choti zoteteza m'magazi zomwe zimakhala ndi shuga wambiri zimawonjezeredwa m'mwazi woperekedwa.

Momwe mungachepetse glycated hemoglobin?

Kusunga hemoglobin wa glycated ndichinthu chachilendo kwa amayi ndi abambo omwe ali ndi mtundu 1 ndi mtundu 2 wa shuga. Izi zimathandizira kwambiri chithandizo cha matendawa ndikuchepetsa chiopsezo cha kusinthika kwa matendawa kukhala mawonekedwe opindika.

Choyamba, muyenera kusintha kadyedwe monga momwe adavomerezera ndi dokotala. Amadziwika kuti chithandizo cha zakudya ndi njira yokwanira yochizira matenda oyamba a shuga 2. Ngati ndi kotheka, chithandizo chimathandizidwa ndi mapiritsi ochepetsa shuga.

Muyenera kudya masamba ndi zipatso zambiri. Muli ma antioxidants ofunikira kuti tisungike athanzi komanso kuti matendawa azikhala mwamphamvu. Kafukufuku zingapo zimatsimikiziranso kuthekera kwawo kothetsa shuga m'magazi mwa anthu.

Onjezani nyemba muzakudya. Kukhazikitsidwa kuti theka lagalasi la nyemba limakhala ndi gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a mafuta omwe amalimbikitsidwa tsiku lililonse. Kuphatikiza apo, nyemba zimathandizira kukonza kagayidwe kazakudya zosavuta.

Zinthu zamkaka

Kuchulukitsa kudya kashiamu ndi vitamini D ndikotheka ndikuphatikiza yoghurt yogurt ndi mkaka mumenyu ya tsiku ndi tsiku. Nthawi zambiri, matenda ashuga amitundu iwiri amakhala ndi anthu onenepa kwambiri. Kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta ochepa kumachepetsa thupi ndikuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa glycogemoglobin. Kudya mtedza, kenako, kumachepetsa cholesterol yoyipa.

Kusintha nyama zamafuta ndi nsomba zotsamira (tuna, nsomba, pollock, carp) zimakupatsani mphamvu yokwanira ya omega-3 acid acids. Kutha kwawo kuchepetsa chitetezo chokwanira cha maselo kuchitira insulin amadziwika. Zotsatira zake, kuchuluka kwa shuga kumayendetsedwa ndipo mtima wamtima umayamba kuyenda bwino.

Mwa zinthu zomwe zimachepetsa kulolerana kwa maselo kupita ku insulin, sinamoni imadzipatula. Kafukufuku wakutsogolo uku ndi kwatsopano komanso ndikupitilira. Tsiku limalimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito osaposa theka la supuni ya sinamoni. Itha kuwonjezeredwa tiyi, owazidwa ndi zipatso kapena nyama. Nthawi yomweyo, zotsekemera zotsekemera, khofi ndi nyama zamafuta kapena nsomba ziyenera kupewedwa.

Maphunziro akuthupi

Shuga umadyedwa muzinthu zonse zomwe zimafunikira mphamvu. Chifukwa chake, kuti muchepetse msanga shuga, komanso hemoglobin yofunikira, zolimbitsa thupi ziyenera kuchuluka. Musadzitopetse ndi masewera olimbitsa thupi, izi zingayambitse zotsatira zotsutsana - kutsika kwa glucose kuzinthu zofunika. Palinso ngozi ku thanzi.

Ndikokwanira kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi m'mawa ndi madzulo, kusambira, kugudubuza kapena kukwera njinga, komanso kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa kuyenda (osachepera mphindi 40 patsiku).

Julia Martynovich (Peshkova)

Omaliza maphunziro, mu 2014 adachita maphunziro apamwamba ku Federal State Budget Educational Institution of Higher Education ku Orenburg State University ndi digiri ya Microbiology. Omaliza maphunziro a digiri yoyamba FSBEI HE Orenburg State Agrarian University.

Mu 2015 Institute of Cellular and Intracellular Symbiosis of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences apitilanso maphunziro apansi pa pulogalamu yowonjezera yaukadaulo "Bacteriology".

Laureate mpikisano wa All-Russian pantchito yabwino yasayansi mukutchedwa "Biological Sayansi" wa 2017.

Kodi glycated hemoglobin ndi chiyani?

Aliyense amene ali ndi lingaliro laling'ono lamankhwala anganene kuti hemoglobin ndi gawo limodzi la erythrocyte, khungu la magazi lomwe limayendetsa kaboni dayokisi ndi mpweya.

Pamene shuga amalowa kudzera mu membala wamkamwa wa erythrocyte, zomwe zimachitika mogwirizana ndi amino acid ndi glucose zimayamba.

Ikutsatira zotsatira za njira yotere yomwe glycohemoglobin imapangidwa. Pokhala mkati mwa khungu la magazi, hemoglobin imakhala yokhazikika. Komanso, mulingo wake umakhala wopitilira nthawi yayitali (pafupifupi masiku 120).

Pafupifupi miyezi 4, maselo ofiira amagwira ntchito yawo, kenako amawonongeka. Nthawi yomweyo, glycated hemoglobin ndi mawonekedwe ake aulere amawonongeka. Mukamaliza njirayi, bilirubin, yomwe ndi chinthu chotsiriza cha kusweka kwa hemoglobin, ndipo glucose sangathe kumanga.

Kodi kuyezetsa magazi kumawonetsa chiyani?

Njira zodzitetezera kupewa matendawa zimatha kupulumutsa moyo wa wodwala komanso zimapereka mwayi wopitiliza kukhalanso wabwino.

Gawo lachiwiri lofunikanso kuyezetsa magazi ndiko kutha kuwona bwino zomwe wodwalayo akutsatira, malingaliro ake pa thanzi, kuthekera kolipira shuga komanso kusunga zomwe zili munthawi yoyenera.

Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro zotsatirazi, muyenera kufunsa dokotala kuti akupatseni malangizo ndikuyesedwa pamlingo wa A1C:

• kukhumudwa nthawi zonse
• kupweteka kwam'mimba pamimba,
• kusanza
• olimba, osati monga ludzu lalitali.

Glycated hemoglobin yonse: peresenti yabwinobwino kwa akulu ndi ana

Tiyenera kudziwa kuti kugonana kwa munthu komanso msinkhu wake kumatha kusintha gawo la glycogemoglobin.

Vutoli limafotokozedwa chifukwa chakuti mwa odwala okalamba kagayidwe kazakudya amachepetsa. Koma mwa achinyamata ndi ana, njirayi imathandizira, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti metabolism yawo iwonjezeke.

Muyenera kulankhula zambiri mwatsatanetsatane za zomwe zimapangitsa glycated hemoglobin pagulu lililonse:

1. munthu wathanzi (kuphatikiza zaka 65). Mwamuna wathanzi, mkazi, komanso mwana ayenera kukhala ndi kalozera wa glycogemoglobin, wopezeka pakati pa 4-6%. Monga momwe tikuwonera pamawerengero awa, izi zimapitilira pang'ono poyerekeza kuchuluka kwa kusanthula kwa plasma lactin, komwe kuli 3.3-5,5 mmol / l, koposa pamimba yopanda kanthu. Izi ndichifukwa choti pakapita nthawi, shuga amatha kusinthasintha. Chifukwa chake, mutatha kudya, ndi 7.3-7.8 ndi avareji mtengo wa 3.9-6.9. Koma chikhalidwe cha HbA1c mwa munthu wazaka zopitilira 65 chimasiyana kuchokera pa 7.5-8%,
2. ndi matenda a shuga a mellitus 1 ndi 2. Monga tawonera pang'ono, chiopsezo chotenga matenda "okoma" chikukula ndi HbA1c wambiri 6.5-6.9%. Pamene chizindikiricho chikuwonjezeka kupitirira 7%, metabolid ya metabolidi imasokonezeka, ndipo dontho la glucose limatumiza chenjezo lokhudza kuyambika kwa chinthu monga prediabetes.

Magulu a hemoglobin a glycated amasiyanasiyana, kutengera mtundu wa shuga ndipo awonetsedwa patebulopo:

Zifukwa zopatukira kuzizindikiro kuzungulira pompopompo

Izi zimachitika pazifukwa zingapo.

Chifukwa chake, mtengo wa HbA1C ukhoza kukwera ndi:

Hyperglycemia ikuwonetsedwa ndi:

Kuwonetsa kuchepa kwa glycogemoglobin mulingo:

• kukhalapo kwa chotupa m'matumbo a pancreatic, omwe amachititsa kuti insulini itulutsidwe,
• kugwiritsa ntchito molakwika malangizo a chakudya chamafuta ochepa, chifukwa chomwe chizimba cha glucose chimatsika kwambiri,
• mankhwala osokoneza bongo ochepetsa shuga.

HbA1c kuchuluka kwa shuga shuga

Ndikothekanso kuwunika momwe mankhwalawo amathandizira odwala matenda ashuga masiku 60 apitawa. Mtengo weniweni wa HbA1c ndi 7%.

Kufotokozera bwino za zotsatira za kuyezetsa magazi kwa glycogemoglobin ndikofunikira, potengera zaka za wodwalayo, komanso kupezeka kwa zovuta zilizonse. Mwachitsanzo:

• achinyamata, achinyamata omwe alibe ma pathologies ali ndi 6.5%, pomwe akuganiza kuti hypoglycemia kapena kupangika kwa zovuta - 7%,
• odwala omwe ali ndi zaka zogwira ntchito, osaphatikizidwa ndi gulu lowopsa, ali ndi mtengo wa 7%, komanso pofufuza zovuta - 7.5%,
• anthu azaka zambiri, komanso odwala omwe ali ndi chiyembekezo cha zaka 5, amakhala ndi chizindikiro cha 7.5%, pangozi ya hypoglycemia kapena pathologies akulu - 8%.

Tebulo la Daily HbA1c Shuga Conformity

Masiku ano pankhani ya zamankhwala pamakhala matebulo apadera omwe akuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa HbA1c ndi index ya shuga:

Dziwani kuti tebulo pamwambapa limawonetsera kulumikizana kwa glycohemoglobin wokhala ndi lactin mwa munthu wodwala matenda a shuga masiku 60 apitawa.

Chifukwa chiyani HbA1c ndiyabwinobwino ndipo shuga yosala kudya imakwezedwa?

Nthawi zambiri, odwala matenda ashuga amakumana ndi vuto ngati kuchuluka kwa HbA1c ndi kuchuluka munthawi yomweyo.

Komanso, chizindikiro choterechi chimatha kukula ndi 5 mmol / l mkati mwa maola 24.

Gawoli la anthu limakhala ndi zovuta zingapo, pachifukwa ichi, kuwongolera kwathunthu kwa matenda a shuga kumachitika ndikuphatikiza kuyesa kwa kafukufukuyu ndi mayeso a shuga a malo.

Kuphunzira kwa glycogemoglobin kumatilola kukhazikitsa kumayambiriro kwa zovuta zamatenda a glucose ngakhale isanafike nthawi yovuta.

Chifukwa chake, kuwonjezeka kwa glycosylated hemoglobin ndi 1% kuposa momwe muyezo kungasonyezere kupitiriza kwa shuga ndi 2-2,5 mmol / l.

Makanema okhudzana nawo

Pazokhudza miyambo ya glycated hemoglobin m'magazi mu kanema:

Mtundu wofotokozedwerawu umatha kuwonetsa bwino kuchuluka kwa matenda ashuga, kuchuluka kwa kubwezeretsedwa kwa matendawa masabata 4-8 omaliza, komanso mwayi wopanga zovuta zilizonse.

Kuti muthane ndi matenda "okoma", ndikofunikira kuyesetsa kuti muchepetse kuthamanga kwa plasma lactin, komanso kuchepetsa glycogemoglobin. Izi ndichifukwa choti kuchepa kwa 1% kumachepetsa chiwerengero cha anthu omwalira ndi matenda ashuga 27%.

• Imakhazikika pamisempha ya shuga kwa nthawi yayitali
• Imabwezeretsa kapangidwe ka insulin

Phunzirani zambiri. Osati mankhwala. ->

Glycated hemoglobin ndiye chizoloŵezi

Glycated (kapena glycated, HbA1c) hemoglobin ndi chizindikiro cha biochemical chomwe chimawonetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'miyezi itatu yapitayo. Hemoglobin ndi mapuloteni omwe amapezeka m'maselo ofiira a m'magazi. Akangokhala ndi glucose wamapuloteni oterewa, amadzimangiriza ku gulu lina lotchedwa glycated hemoglobin.

Chizindikiro cha hemoglobin ya glycated imatsimikizika ngati gawo la kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin m'magazi. Mukakhala ndi shuga, pamakhala kuchuluka kwambiri kwa hemoglobin motero, ndipo kumakweza chizindikiro ichi. Komanso, poganizira kuti hemoglobin simanga nthawi yomweyo, kuwunikirako sikuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga pakadali pano, koma mtengo wofunikira kwa miyezi ingapo, ndipo ndi njira imodzi yodziwira matenda ashuga komanso boma.

Mlingo wa hemoglobin wa glycated m'magazi

Mulingo wabwinobwino kwa munthu wathanzi umaganiziridwa kuti wachokera 4 mpaka 6%, zisonyezo kuchokera ku 6.5 mpaka 7.5% zitha kuwonetsa kuwopsa kwa matenda ashuga kapena kuchepera kwazitsulo m'thupi, ndipo chisonyezo pamwamba 7.5% chimawonetsa kukhalapo kwa matenda ashuga .

Monga mukuwonera, hemoglobin yabwinobwino imakhala yotalikirapo kuposa momwe imakhalira poyesa shuga wamba (kuyambira 3.3 mpaka 5.5 mmol / L pamimba yopanda kanthu). Izi ndichifukwa choti kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi a munthu aliyense kumasintha tsiku lonse, ndipo mukangodya chakudya kumatha kufikira mtengo wa 7.3 - 7.8 mmol / l, ndipo pafupifupi patsiku la munthu wathanzi ayenera kukhala mkati 3.9-6.9 mmol / L.

Chifukwa chake, glycated hemoglobin 4% imafanana ndi shuga wamba wamagazi 3.9. ndipo 6.5% ndi pafupifupi 7.2 mmol / L. Komanso, odwala omwe ali ndi shuga wambiri m'magazi, hemoglobin ya glycated imasiyana, mpaka 1%. Kusiyanaku kotere kumachitika chifukwa kupangika kwa chizindikiro ichi cha biochemical kumatha kuthana ndi matenda, kupsinjika, ndi kuchepa kwa thupi la ma microelements ena (makamaka chitsulo). Mwa azimayi, kupatuka kwa glycated hemoglobin kuchokera ku chizolowezi kumatha kuwonekera pa nthawi yapakati, chifukwa cha kupezeka kwa magazi m'thupi kapena matenda ashuga mwa amayi apakati.

Momwe mungachepetse glycated hemoglobin?

Ngati mulingo wa hemoglobin wa glycated ukuwonjezeka, izi zikuwonetsa matenda oopsa kapena kuthekera kwa kukula kwake. Nthawi zambiri timakhala tikulankhula za matenda ashuga, momwe anthu okwera m'magazi amawonedwa pafupipafupi. Zocheperako, kuperewera kwachitsulo mthupi komanso kuchepa magazi.

Kutalika kwa moyo wama cell ofiira ndi pafupi miyezi itatu, ichi ndi chifukwa chomwe nthawi yomwe kusanthula kwa hemoglobin kumawonetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Chifukwa chake, hemoglobin ya glycated siziwonetsa madontho amodzi m'magazi a magazi, koma imawonetsa chithunzi chonse ndipo imathandizira kudziwa ngati kuchuluka kwa shuga kumadutsa muyeso wokwanira nthawi yayitali. Chifukwa chake, sikotheka nthawi imodzi kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin ya glycated ndikuwonetsa zizindikiro.

Kasamalidwe ka shuga

Munthu aliyense ali ndi hemoglobin m'magazi, koma kuchuluka kwa shuga kumakwera katatu, makamaka kwa odwala atatha zaka 49. Ngati chithandizo chokwanira chikuchitika, pakatha milungu isanu ndi umodzi munthu amakhala ndi hemoglobin wabwinobwino m'matenda a shuga.

Ngati mungayerekeze hemoglobin wa matenda a shuga ndi glycated hemoglobin pazomwe zili ndi shuga, kuwunika kwachiwiri kudzakhala kolondola momwe zingatheke. Ikupereka lingaliro lamomwe thupi la wodwala matenda ashuga m'miyezi yaposachedwa.

Pambuyo poyesedwa koyambirira kwa magazi kupezeka kuti hemoglobin ya glycated idakwezedwa, pamakhala zizindikiro zowonetsa kusintha kwamankhwala a shuga. Kusanthula uku ndikofunikanso kudziwa kufunikira kwa kuwonjezereka kwa mkhalidwe wamatsenga.

Malinga ndi endocrinologists, ndi kuchepetsedwa kwa nthawi ya glycated hemoglobin, chiopsezo cha matenda ashuga nephropathy ndi retinopathy adzachepa pafupifupi theka. Ndiye chifukwa chake ndikofunikira:

1. fufuzani shuga pafupipafupi,
2. kutenga mayeso.

Tsoka ilo, mutha kupereka magazi kuti mupeze kafukufuku wotereyu kumalo osungira anthu wamba ndi m'malo azachipatala. Pakadali pano, zipatala za boma sizikhala ndi zida zapadera.

Amayi ambiri amakhala ndi zofunikira pakuwunika pa nthawi yomwe ali ndi pakati, izi ndizofunikira kuti munthu adziwe matenda a shuga.

Nthawi zina kuyesa kumakhala kosadalirika, chifukwa cha izi ndi kuchepa kwa magazi amayi apakati, komanso kufupikitsika kwanthawi yamoyo m'maselo a m'magazi.

Kodi muyeso, mfundo zake ndi za chiyani

Kuti muwone ngati kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi ndikwabwinobwino kapena ayi, njira ziwiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi yomweyo - ichi ndi muyeso wopanda shuga wa m'mimba komanso kuyesa kwa glucose. Pakadali pano, kuchuluka kwa shuga kumatha kusiyanasiyana, kutengera ndi zakudya zomwe zimamwa ndi zina. Chifukwa chake, matenda a shuga nthawi zonse satha kupezeka munthawi yake.

Njira yabwino ndikuwunikira hemoglobin ya glycosylated, imakhala yothandiza komanso yolondola, 1 ml yokha yotsala magazi a venous amachokera kwa wodwala. Ndikosatheka kupereka magazi wodwalayo atalandira magazi, amuchita opareshoni, popeza zomwe mwapeza zidzakhala zolondola.

Ngati wodwala matenda ashuga ali ndi chida chapadera chofufuzira kunyumba, zitha kuchitidwa kunyumba. Zipangizo zoterezi zapezeka posachedwa kwambiri pochita madokotala ndi zipatala zamankhwala. Chipangizochi chithandiza kukhazikitsa kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin m'magazi amtundu uliwonse wa wodwala patangopita mphindi zochepa:

Kuti chidziwitso chaumoyo chikhale cholondola, muyenera kutsatira malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito chipangizocho.

Glycosylated hemoglobin wokwera kuphatikiza pa shuga imawonetsa kuchepa kwa mchere. Mlingo wa hba1c, ngati ukuyambira pa 5.5 ndikutha pa 7%, akuwonetsa mtundu woyamba wa matenda ashuga. Kuchuluka kwa zinthu kuyambira 6.5 mpaka 6.9 kukufotokoza za kupezeka kwa hyperglycemia, ngakhale zili choncho ndikofunikira kuperekanso magazi.

Ngati palibe hemoglobin yokwanira mu kusanthula, adokotala adzazindikira hypoglycemia, ndipo izi zitha kuwonetseranso kupezeka kwa hemolytic anemia.

Glycosylated hemoglobin

Mwa munthu wathanzi, mlingo wa hemoglobin wa glycated umachokera ku 4 mpaka 6.5% ya hemoglobin yonse. Mu mtundu 2 wa shuga, kuwunika kukuwonetsa glycogemoglobin kangapo. Kuti achepetse vutoli, choyambirira, akuwonetsedwa kuti atenga zonse zomwe zingatheke kuti achepetse glycemia, pokhapokha ngati izi zingatheke kusintha momwe amathandizira odwala matenda ashuga, kuti akwaniritse gawo la hemoglobin lomwe akufuna kupezeka.

Zatsimikiziridwa mwasayansi kuti pamene kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin ya glycated kuli pafupifupi 1%, shuga amalumphira pomwepo mpaka 2 mmol / L. Ndi glycated hemoglobin yachuluka mpaka 8%, mfundo za glycemia zimachokera ku 8.2 mpaka 10.0 mmol / L. Poterepa, pali zisonyezo zakusintha kwa kadyedwe. Hemoglobin 6 yachilendo.

Pamene glycated hemoglobin chizolowezi cha shuga chikuwonjezeka ndi 14%, izi zikuwonetsa kuti 13-20 mmol / L ya glucose ikuzungulira mu magazi. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kufunafuna chithandizo cha madokotala mwachangu momwe mungathere, vuto lofananalo limatha kukhala lovuta komanso lopangitsa zovuta.

Chizindikiro chachindunji cha kuwunikira kumatha kukhala chizindikiro chimodzi kapena zingapo:

• kuwonda popanda chifukwa,
• kulimbikira kumva kutopa
• kukamwa kosalekeza, ludzu,
• kukodza pafupipafupi, kuchuluka kwambiri kwamkodzo.

Nthawi zambiri, zikamera ndi kukhazikika kwa ma pathologies osiyanasiyana zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi kuwonjezeka kwa shuga. Odwala omwe ali ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi komanso kunenepa kwambiri kosiyanasiyana kosiyanasiyana amatha kugwidwa ndi izi.

Odwala amakakamizidwa kumwa mankhwala kuti awonjezere zovuta zawo, chifukwa odwala matenda ashuga ndikofunikira. Pali kuthekera kwakukulu kwamavuto a shuga wamagazi opanda cholowa, komwe ndiko kudziwikiratu kwa matenda a kagayidwe kachakudya ndi matenda ashuga.

Pamaso pa zinthu izi, ndikofunikira kuti magazi azisungunuka nthawi zonse. Kusanthula kunyumba kukuwonetsedwa ngati kuli kofunikira, kuwunika kwathunthu kwa thupi, ndi zovuta zotsimikizika za metabolic, pamaso pa pathologies a kapamba.

Mutha kupeza zotsatira zenizeni zowunikira pokhapokha ngati zofunika zina pamaphunziro zikwaniritsidwa, izi:

1. Amapereka magazi pamimba yopanda kanthu, chakudya chomaliza sichikhala mochedwa kuposa maola 8 chisanachitike, amamwa madzi oyera opanda mpweya,
2. Masiku angapo asanalembedwe magazi, amasiya mowa ndi kusuta,
3. Musanapendeke, musataye chingamu, tsukani mano.

Ndizabwino kwambiri ngati mungasiye kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala onse musanayese matenda a glycated hemoglobin a shuga. Komabe, simungachite izi nokha, muyenera kufunsa dokotala.

Ubwino ndi kuipa kwa kusanthula

Kuyesedwa kwa magazi kwa hemoglobin ya glycated kuli ndi zabwino komanso zovuta zake. Chifukwa chake, kuwunikaku kumathandizira kukhazikitsa matendawa molondola momwe angathere kumayambiriro kwa chitukuko chake, zimachitika pang'onopang'ono mphindi, sizipereka kukonzekera kwakukulu.

Kuyesedwa kukuwonetsa bwino kukhalapo kwa hyperglycemia, kutalika kwa matendawa, momwe wodwalayo amalamulirira kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Komanso, zotsatira zake zimakhala zolondola ngakhale pali zovuta zamavuto, kupsinjika ndi kuzizira. Mutha kupeleka magazi mukamamwa mankhwala ena ake.

Ndikofunikanso kuwonetsa zovuta za njirayi, zimaphatikizapo kukwera mtengo kwa phunzirolo, ngati tiyerekeza ndi kutsimikiza kwa shuga m'magazi m'njira zina. Zotsatira zake zimatha kukhala zolakwika ngati pali kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi la shuga kapena hemoglobinopathy.

Kusanthula kwa hemoglobin ya glycated kungakhale kolakwika ngati wodwala pambuyo pake atenga zochuluka:

• ascorbic acid
• vitamini E.

Muyenera kudziwa kuti zisonyezo zimachulukanso ngakhale ndi shuga wabwinobwino wamagazi, izi zimachitika ndi mahomoni ambiri a chithokomiro.

Endocrinologists amati ndi mtundu 1 wa shuga, magazi amaperekedwa kwa glycated hemoglobin osachepera kanayi, matenda a shuga a 2 amafunika kuyesedwa pafupifupi kawiri. Odwala ena amatha kuzindikira zambiri, motero amapewa kuyesa mayeso kuti asachite mantha kwambiri komanso kuti asawunike kwambiri. Pakadali pano, mantha otere sadzabweretsa chilichonse chabwino, matendawa apita patsogolo, shuga wamagazi amadzuka mwachangu.

Ndikofunikira kwambiri kuyezetsa magazi mukakhala ndi pakati, ndi hemoglobin yochepetsedwa:

1. kukula kwa fetal kumachitika
2. chizindikirochi chitha kupangitsa kuti mayi athetse pakati.

Monga mukudziwa, kubereka mwana kumafuna kuwonjezereka kwa zinthu zomwe zimakhala ndi chitsulo, apo ayi zomwe zili ndi glycated hemoglobin ndizovuta kuzilamulira.

Ponena za odwala a ana, hemoglobin yayitali imakhalanso yowopsa kwa iwo. Komabe, ngakhale chizindikirochi chikupitilira 10%, ndizoletsedwa kuchepetsa msanga, apo ayi kugwa kwakuthwa kudzachepetsa kuwona. Amawonetsedwa kusintha kwa glycogemoglobin pang'onopang'ono.

Kanemayo munkhaniyi ayankhula za mawonekedwe a kusanthula kwa glycated hemoglobin.