Malangizo posankha glucometer

Matenda a shuga ndi matenda oopsa omwe amawononga thupi lonse. Ziwalo zamawonedwe, impso, mtima zimadwala, ntchito ya ziwalo zambiri ndi machitidwe zimasokonekera. Ndikofunika kwambiri kuwongolera kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, koma kupita kuchipatala nthawi zonse sikosavuta, makamaka ngati kuwunika kumayenera kuchitika kangapo patsiku. Njira yotuluka ndiyo kugula glucometer, labotale yaying'ono yakunyumba, yomwe mungathe, mwachangu komanso popanda foleni iliyonse imayeza shuga. Chifukwa chake momwe mungasankhire glucometerNdi zinthu ziti zomwe ndiyenera kuyang'ana ndikamagula?

Kuti muyambe mawu ochepa onena za matenda ashuga ndi shuga ya magazi omwe. Pali mitundu iwiri ya matenda ashuga. Matenda a shuga choyambirira atenga ana ndi anthu ochepera zaka 40, uwu ndi mtundu wodalira matenda, pomwe simungathe popanda jakisoni wa insulin. Matenda a shuga mtundu wachiwiri Nthawi zambiri, anthu okalamba amavutika pakagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa kapamba, ndipo sangathe kupanga insulini mu kuchuluka kofunikira mthupi. Mtundu wa matenda ashuga sudalira insulin, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti mulingo wabwino wabwinobwino ungakhalebe ndi chakudya kapena, ngati mulibe, mankhwala ofunikira. Mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga ndiwofala kwambiri, umakhudza 80-85% ya odwala omwe amapezeka ndi matenda a shuga. Ndiye chifukwa chake Pambuyo pa zaka 40-50, ndikofunikira kamodzi kamodzi pachaka kuyesedwa ndikuwunika kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi.

Kodi “shuga wamagazi” ndi chiyani? Ichi ndi chizindikiro cha mulingo wa glucose wosungunuka m'magazi. Mlingo wake umasintha tsiku lonse ndipo umadalira kwambiri chakudya. Mwa anthu athanzi mulingo wa shuga pafupifupi nthawi yonse ili mgulu la 3,9-5.3 mmol / l. Kwa odwala matenda a shuga a mellitus, shuga wambiri wam'magazi mpaka 808 mmol / L amadziwika kuti ndi wabwinobwino, mpaka 10 mmol / L - chovomerezeka, ndi chisonyezo ichi mutha kuchita popanda mankhwala posintha kadyedwe kanu ndikuyang'anira shuga wamagazi nthawi zonse.

Momwe mungadziwire chizindikiro ichi kunyumba? Pachifukwa ichi pali chida chapadera - magazi shuga mita. Ngati muli ndi matenda a shuga a mtundu woyamba kapena a 2, kapena matenda asanafike, chida ichi chizikhala nthawi zonse. Inde, nthawi zina, kuti muchepetse shuga wamagazi, ndikofunikira kuti mupeze miyezo mpaka 5-6 patsiku.

Glucometer - chida chosavuta, cholondola komanso chonyamula, singagwiritsidwe ntchito osati kunyumba, komanso kudzikoli, pakuyenda, chifukwa ndi yaying'ono ndipo imakwanira mosavuta muchikwama chilichonse. Ndi chipangizochi, mutha kusanthula mosasamala komanso mopweteka, ndipo, kutengera zotsatira zake, sinthani zakudya zanu, zolimbitsa thupi, mlingo wa insulin kapena mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Kukhazikitsa kwa chida ichi ndikusintha kwenikweni polimbana ndi matenda ashuga, koma musanagule, muyenera kudziwa bwino mita yosankha ndi chipangizo chiti chomwe chili choyenera kwa inu.

Kodi glucometer ndi chiyani?

Malinga ndi mfundo ya ntchito Ma glucometer onse amatha kugawidwa m'magulu awiri:

1. PhotometricGawo la glucose limatsimikiziridwa ndi timizere ta mayeso, amasintha mtundu wamtundu wamwazi pakachitika magazi ndi ma reagents.
2. Electrochemicalglucose mulingo wambiri ndi kutsimikiza kwa magetsi komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kulumikizana kwa magazi ndi gluidose oxidase. Mtunduwu ndi wamakono kwambiri ndipo umafunikira magazi ochulukirapo kuti uwunikidwe.

Mitundu yonse iwiri ya glucometer ndi yolondola chimodzimodzi, koma ma electrochemicals ndiosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito, ngakhale ali apamwamba. Mfundo yogwira ntchito mitundu yonse iwiri ya glucometer ndiyofanana: onse awiri, kuti mupeze miyezo, ndikofunikira kubowola khungu ndikupeza mikwingwirima yoyeserera nthawi zonse.

Pakadali pano akupanga chitukuko glucometer ya m'badwo watsopano. Awa ndi ma glucometer osagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu, omwe amadziwika kuti "Raman glucometer", chitukuko chimachitika pamaziko a Raman spectroscopy. Malinga ndi asayansi, gluceter wam'tsogoloyu adzatha kuyang'ana manja a wodwala ndikuwunika njira zonse zamomwe zimachitika mthupi.

Kusankha glucometer, samalani ndi kuphweka kwake komanso kudalirika kwake. Bwino kusankha mitundu ya opanga okhazikika ochokera ku Germany, America, Japan. Ndikofunikanso kukumbukira kuti chipangizochi chimafunikira mizere yake yoyesera, yomwe imapangidwa ndi kampani yomweyo. Zida mtsogolo ndizomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito zomwe mumawononga nthawi zonse.

Kodi mita imagwira ntchito bwanji?

Tsopano tiyeni tilingalire momwe mita imagwirira ntchito? Musanayambe muyeso, muyenera kuyika mawayilesi apadera mu chipangizocho, amakhala ndi mawonekedwe omwe amayankha. Tsopano magazi anu amafunikira: chifukwa chake muyenera kubaya chala chanu ndikuyika magazi pang'ono kumunsi, kenako chipangizocho chimasanthula ndikupereka zotsatira zake pawonetsero.

Mitundu ina ya glucometer, mukamagwiritsa ntchito zingwe zapadera, Komanso onani kuchuluka kwa cholesterol ndi kuchuluka kwa triglycerides m'magazi, ndipo izi ndizofunikira kwambiri. Izi zitha kukhala zothandiza kwambiri kwa anthu odwala matenda ashuga a 2, chifukwa nthendayi imakonda kuphatikizidwa ndi kunenepa kwambiri, chifukwa chake kusokonezeka kwa metabolic m'thupi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti shuga akhale wolimba m'magazi. Zowonjezera zoterezi zimapangitsa chipangizocho kukhala chodula kwambiri.

Magwiridwe a Glucometer

Mitundu yonse ya glucometer imasiyana pakati pawo osati maonekedwe, kukula, komanso magwiridwe antchito. Momwe mungasankhire glucometer, yabwino kwambiri kwa inu? Ndikofunikira kuyesa chida ndi magawo.

1. Zotheka. Choyamba, onetsetsani kuti mzere wamtengo woyeserera ndi wokwera mtengo bwanji, chifukwa muyenera kugula nthawi zambiri. Zingwe zoyeserera zimakhala ndi moyo wa alumali ochepa, choncho musakhale nazo pazaka zikubwerazi. Otsika kwambiri adzakhala mzere wopanga zoweta, waku America ofananawo azikulipira kawiri. Muyeneranso kuganizira za chigawo: m'mafakitena am'deralo, zingwe za opanga ena sangakhaleko.
2. Kulondola. Tsopano onani kuti chipangizocho ndicholondola motani. Ndikwabwino kudalira opanga akunja, koma ngakhale nawo cholakwacho chitha kukhala 20%, koma izi zimawoneka ngati zovomerezeka. Kuwona kwake zowerengera kumakhudzidwanso ndi kugwiritsidwa ntchito molakwika kwa chipangizocho, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ena, komanso kusungidwa kolakwika.
3. Kuwerengera mwachangu. Muyenera kuyang'anira momwe chipangizochi chimawerengera zotsatira zake. Akamachita mwachangu, ndipamenenso. Pafupifupi, nthawi yowerengera pazida zosiyanasiyana imachokera ku 4 mpaka 7 masekondi. Pamapeto powerengera, mita imapereka chizindikiro.
4. Unit. Kenako, onani zomwe zotsatira zake zikuwonetsedwa. M'mayiko a CIS, gawo ili mmol / l, kwa USA ndi Israel, mg / dl yeniyeni. Zizindikiro izi zimatembenuka mosavuta, mwachitsanzo, kuti mumpeze mmol / l kuchokera kwa mg / dl kapena mosinthanitsa, muyenera kuchulukitsa kapena kugawa zotsatila ndi 18, motsatana. Koma kwa ena zingaoneke ngati zovuta kuchita, zimakhala zovuta makamaka kwa okalamba. Chifukwa chake, pezani ma glucometer okhala ndi muyeso wodziwika bwino kuzindikira kwanu.
5. Mulingo wamagazi. Ndikofunikanso kulabadira kuchuluka kwa magazi omwe amafunikira poyerekeza modutsa. Kwenikweni, ma glucometer "amafunikira" kuchokera ku 0,6 mpaka 2 μl ya magazi pa muyeso uliwonse.
6. Memory. Kutengera mtundu wake, chipangizochi chimatha kusunga kuchokera pa 10 mpaka 500. Sankhani zomwe mukufuna kuti musunge. Nthawi zambiri miyezo 10-20 imakhala yokwanira.
7. Zotsatira zake. Chonde dziwani ngati chipangizochi chimawerengera zokha zotsatira. Kuchita koteroko kumakupatsani mwayi wowunika bwino ndikuyang'anira momwe thupi limakhalira, chifukwa zida zina zimatha kuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa masiku 7, 14, 30, 90, komanso asanadye komanso atatha kudya.
8. Makulidwe ndi Kunenepa ikuyenera kukhala yochepera ngati mukuyenera kutenga mita ndi inu kulikonse.
9. Kulembapo. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito zingwe zingapo musanayambe kuzigwiritsa ntchito, muyenera kukonzekera mita, kuyika chip ndi kulowa nambala yina, izi zimakhala zovuta kwa anthu achikulire. Chifukwa chake, ayang'anireni ndi mitundu yokhala ndi zolemba zokha.
10. Kuletsa. Miyezo yonse ya shuga yamwazi yomwe ikuwonetsedwa ndi ya magazi athunthu. Ngati glucometer amayeza shuga ndi madzi a m'magazi, ndiye kuti 11-12% iyenera kuchotsedwa pamtengo womwe wapezeka.
11. Ntchito zina. Ikhoza kukhala wotchi yolira, kuwala kwakumbuyo, kusamutsa deta ku kompyuta ndi ena ambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kugwiritsa ntchito chipangizocho kukhala bwino.

Ngati simungathe kusankha mtundu wa glucometer woti musankhe, njira yabwino kwambiri ndikadakhala ndikufunsira akatswiri. Adzakuwuzani kuchokera kuchipatala kuti ndi chida chiti chabwinopo, poganizira momwe mulili.

Pang'ono pa matenda a shuga

Pali mitundu ingapo ya matendawa. Ndi mtundu 1 (wodalira insulini), kapamba sagwira ntchito yomwe thupi limapereka kuti ipange insulin. Insulin imatchedwa thunthu logwira ntchito lomwe limatumiza shuga m'maselo ndi minyewa, "kutsegulira khomo." Monga lamulo, matenda amtunduwu amakula ali aang'ono, ngakhale mwa ana.

Matenda a Type 2 amapezeka nthawi zambiri mwa anthu achikulire. Zimaphatikizidwa ndi kunenepa kwambiri kwa thupi komanso moyo wosayenera, zakudya. Fomuyi imadziwika chifukwa chakuti kapamba amapanga kuchuluka kokwanira kwa timadzi, koma maselo amthupi amataya chidwi chake.

Palinso mawonekedwe ena - olimbitsa thupi. Zimachitika mwa amayi nthawi yapakati, malinga ndi limagwirira limafanana mitundu iwiri ya matenda. Mwana akabadwa, nthawi zambiri zimasowa zokha.

Zofunika! Mitundu yonse itatu ya shuga imayendera limodzi ndi kuchuluka kwa shuga mumagazi.

Kodi glucometer imagwiritsidwa ntchito bwanji?

Chida chonyamulirachi chimapangidwa kuti athe kuyeza mulingo wa glycemia osati kunyumba, komanso pantchito, kudzikoli, poyenda. Imatenga malo ochepa, okhala ndi mawonekedwe ochepa. Kukhala ndi glucometer wabwino, mutha:

• santhula popanda zopweteka,
• Konzani menyu payekha kutengera zotsatira zake,
• onetsetsani kuchuluka kwa insulin
• fotokozerani mulipidwe,
• letsa kukula kwa zovuta pachimake mu mawonekedwe a hyper- ndi hypoglycemia,
• kuwongolera zolimbitsa thupi.

Kusankha kwa glucometer ndi ntchito yofunika kwa wodwala aliyense, chifukwa chipangizocho chimayenera kukwaniritsa zosowa zonse za wodwala, kukhala zolondola, zosavuta kuzisamalira, kugwira ntchito bwino, komanso kuyenerana ndi gulu lake la odwala.

Kodi pali zida zamtundu wanji?

Mitundu yotsatirayi ya glucometer ikupezeka:

• Chipangizo cha mtundu wa electrochemical - zingwe zoyeserera zomwe ndi gawo la chipangizocho, zimakonzedwa mwachindunji. Panthawi yolumikizana ndi magazi a munthu ndi njirazi, glycemia imakhazikika posintha zizindikiro zamagetsi.
• Chojambula chamtundu wa Photometric - mizere yoyesera ya ma glucometer amathandizidwanso ndi ma reagents. Amasintha mtundu wawo kutengera mtundu wa gluu m'madontho a magazi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kumalo amovala.
• Glucometer yomwe ikugwira ntchito molingana ndi mtundu wa Romanov - zida zotere, mwatsoka, sizipezeka kuti zigwiritsidwe ntchito. Amayeza khungu la glycemia kudzera mu khungu.

Zofunika! Mitundu iwiri yoyambayo ya glucometer imakhala ndi zofanana, ndizolondola pamiyezo. Zipangizo zama Electrochemical zimawonedwa ngati zosavuta, ngakhale kuti mtengo wake ndiwokwera kwambiri.

Kodi mfundo yosankha ndi iti?

Kuti musankhe glucometer molondola, muyenera kulabadira mawonekedwe ake. Mfundo yoyamba ndi kudalirika. Zokonda ziyenera kuperekedwa kwa mitundu ya opanga odalirika omwe akhala akugulitsa pamsika wopitilira chaka chimodzi ndipo adziwonetsa okha bwino, mwakuweruza ndi kuwunika kwa ogula.

Monga lamulo, tikulankhula za ma glucose am'madzi a ku Germany, America ndi Japan. Muyenera kukumbukiranso kuti ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito mawayilesi oyesa kwa glycemic metres kuchokera ku kampani yomweyo yomwe idatulutsa chokha. Izi zimachepetsa zolakwika zomwe zingachitike pazotsatira zakusaka.

Kupitilira apo, maonekedwe a glucometer amafotokozedwanso, omwe amayeneranso kuyang'aniridwa pogula mita kuti agwiritse ntchito.

Ndondomeko yamitengo

Kwa anthu ambiri odwala, nkhani ya mtengo ndi imodzi mwofunikira kwambiri posankha chida chonyamula. Tsoka ilo, si ambiri omwe angakwanitse kugula ma glucometer okwera mtengo, koma opanga ambiri athetsa vutoli potulutsa zitsanzo za bajeti, kwinaku akusunga njira yolondola yodziwira glycemia.

Kumbukirani za zakumwa zomwe zidzafunika kugulidwa mwezi uliwonse. Mwachitsanzo, mayeso oyesa. Mtundu woyamba wa shuga, wodwalayo ayenera kuyeza shuga kangapo patsiku, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti adzafunika ma strips okwanira 150 pamwezi.

Mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda a shuga, ma glycemia zizindikiro amayeza kamodzi patsiku kapena masiku awiri. Izi, zachidziwikire, zimasunga mtengo wazakudya.

Kugwetsa magazi

Kusankha glucometer woyenera, muyenera kukumbukira kuchuluka kwa momwe zinthu zimafunikira pakuwazindikira. Magazi ocheperako akagwiritsidwa ntchito, zimakhala zosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito chipangizocho. Izi zimachitika makamaka kwa ana aang'ono, komwe kuboola chala chilichonse kumapanikizika.

Magwiridwe a Optimum ndi 0.3-0.8 μl. Amakulolani kuti muchepetse kuzama kwa malembedwe, imathandizira kuchira kwa bala, pangani njirayo kukhala yopweteka.

Nthawi Yosanthula Zotsatira

Chipangizocho chiyeneranso kusankhidwa molingana ndi nthawi yomwe imatsika kuchokera pomwe dontho la magazi limalowa mu mzere woyezera mpaka zotsatira za matenda atawonekera pazenera la mita. Kuthamanga kwa kuwunika zotsatira za mtundu uliwonse ndikosiyana. Mulingo woyenera - 10-25 masekondi.

Pali zida zomwe zimawonetsa kuchuluka kwa glycemic ngakhale pambuyo pa masekondi 40-50, omwe siabwino kwambiri kuyang'ana kuchuluka kwa shuga pantchito, paulendo, paulendo wamalonda, m'malo opezeka anthu ambiri.

Zingwe zoyeserera

Opanga, monga lamulo, amatulutsa zingwe zoyesera zomwe ndizoyenera kuzida zawo, koma palinso zitsanzo zapadziko lonse lapansi. Mizere yonse imasiyana mosiyanasiyana ndi malo omwe amayeserapo magazi. Kuphatikiza apo, mitundu yapamwamba kwambiri imapangidwa mwanjira yoti chipangizocho chimanyamula modula sampuli mu kuchuluka kofunikira.

Zingwe zoyeserera zimathanso kukhala ndi zazikulu zosiyanasiyana. Kupanga kayendedwe kakang'ono sikungatheke kwa odwala ambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, mtanda uliwonse uli ndi kachidindo komwe kamayenera kufananiza ndi mita. Pankhani ya kusatsatira, nambala yake imasinthidwa pamanja kapena kudzera pa chip. Ndikofunika kulabadira izi mukamagula.

Mtundu wa chakudya

Mafotokozedwe a zida amakhalanso ndi data pamabatire awo. Mitundu ina imakhala ndi magetsi omwe sangasinthe, komabe, pali zida zingapo zomwe zimagwira ntchito chifukwa cha mabatire azala chala. Ndikwabwino kusankha woimira njira yotsatirayi.

Kwa okalamba kapena odwala omwe ali ndi vuto lakumva, ndikofunikira kugula chida chomwe chili ndi mawu a chizindikiridwe. Izi zikuthandizira njira yoyezera glycemia.

Mphamvu yakukumbukira

Ma Glucometer amatha kujambula zambiri zokhudzana ndi miyezo yaposachedwa kukumbukira kwawo. Izi ndizofunikira kuti athe kuwerengera kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magawo 30, 60, 90 masiku. Ntchito yofananayi imatipatsa mwayi kuti tiwunikenso za momwe ziphuphu zimayendera matenda.

Mamita abwino kwambiri ndi omwe amakumbukiridwa kwambiri. Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri kwa odwala omwe samasungira diabetes pomwe samalemba zotsatira zake. Kwa odwala okalamba, zida zotere sizofunikira.Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa ntchito, ma glucometer amakhala "abstruse" ambiri.

Miyeso ndi kulumikizana ndi zida zina

Momwe mungasankhire glucometer kwa munthu wokangalika yemwe samayang'ana kudwala lake ndipo amakhala akuyenda mosalekeza? Kwa odwala oterowo, zida zokhala ndi miyeso yaying'ono ndizoyenera. Ndiosavuta kunyamula ndi kugwiritsa ntchito ngakhale pagulu.

Kuyankhulana ndi PC ndi zida zina zoyankhulirana ndi chinthu china chomwe achinyamata ambiri amagwiritsa ntchito. Izi ndizofunikira osati kungosunga tsamba lanu la odwala matenda ashuga mwamagetsi, komanso kutha kutumiza deta kwa dokotala wanu.

Zida za mtundu uliwonse wa matenda ashuga

Gluceter wabwino kwambiri wamtundu 1 "matenda okoma" adzakhala ndi izi:

• kupezeka kwa mphuno yopangira ma puncture m'malo ena (mwachitsanzo, pamakutu) - izi ndizofunikira, chifukwa zitsanzo zamwazi zimachitika kangapo patsiku,
• kuthekera koyerekeza kuchuluka kwa matupi a acetone m'magazi - ndikwabwino kuti zizindikiritso zimatsimikiziridwa pamakina kuposa kugwiritsa ntchito zingwe zowonekera,
• Kukula kochepa komanso kulemera kwa chipangizocho ndikofunikira, chifukwa odwala omwe amadalira insulin amanyamula nawo glucometer nawo.

Mitundu yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pamtundu wa 2 matenda ayenera kukhala ndi zotsatirazi:

• mogwirizana ndi glycemia, glucometer amayenera kuwerengera cholesterol, yomwe ndiyofunikira kuteteza zovuta zingapo pamtima ndi m'mitsempha yamagazi.
• kukula ndi kulemera zilibe kanthu kwenikweni
• kampani yopanga zotsimikizika.

Gamma mini

Glucometer ndi gawo la gulu la zida zomwe zimagwira ntchito molingana ndi mtundu wa electrochemical. Mitengo yake yambiri ya shuga ndi 33 mmol / l. Zotsatira zam'mimba zimadziwika pakatha masekondi 10. Zotsatira 20 zomaliza zakumbukiridwe ndizikumbukiridwa. Ichi ndi chipangizo chaching'ono chomwe chimalemera kuposa kupitirira 20 g.

Chida choterocho ndi chabwino maulendo a bizinesi, kuyenda, kuyeza mulingo wa glycemia kunyumba ndi kuntchito.

Kukhudza kumodzi

Chida chamagetsi chomwe chimadziwika pakati pa odwala matenda ashuga okalamba. Izi ndichifukwa cha kuchuluka kwakukulu, dongosolo labwino kwambiri la zopangira zolembera. Zotsatira zomaliza za 350 zomwe zimakumbukiridwabe. Ziwerengero zakafukufuku |

Zofunika! Mamita ali ndi ntchito yolumikizira kompyuta, matebulo ndi zida zina zoyankhulirana.

Wellion calla mini

Chipangizocho ndi mtundu wa electrochemical womwe umawonetsa kuzindikira pazenera pambuyo pa masekondi 7. Makumbukidwe a zida ali ndi zidziwitso pazomaliza 300. Ichi ndiye mita ya glucose yapamwamba kwambiri yopangidwa ndi Austria, yomwe imakhala ndi skrini yayikulu, kulemera kochepa komanso ma signature apadera.

Mitundu ya ma glucometer amakono ndi mfundo za ntchito yawo

Glucometer ndi chida choyezera molondola kuchuluka kwa shuga m'thupi la munthu. Ndi chipangizochi, odwala matenda ashuga amatha kuyang'anira momwe magazi awo alili kunyumba, ndipo anthu athanzi amatha kudziwa matenda ndikutsatira njira zodzitetezera kumayambiriro.

Ma glucometer omwe alipo adagawidwa m'magulu atatu:

• Romanovsky.
• Photometric.
• Electrochemical.

Zipangizo za Romanov sizinafike ponseponse, komabe, m'tsogolomu adakonzekera kupanga unyinji. Ma glucometer oterowo amatha kuchita mawonetsedwe apadera ndi kumasulidwa kwa shuga.

Mtundu wa Photometric wa glucometer umagwira ntchito pamalingaliro ofotokozera kapangidwe ka magazi a capillary panthawi yomwe gawo loyesa la chipangizocho lisintha mtundu.

Ma hydrochemical glucometer onse amagwira ntchito motere: kufufuza zinthu zomwe zili pa mzere woyeserera kumayanjana ndi shuga kusungunuka m'magazi, pambuyo pake chipangizocho chimayeza zomwe zilipo ndikuwonetsa zotsatira pa polojekiti.

Momwe mungasankhire chida chabwino kwambiri chogwiritsira ntchito nyumba: njira

Popeza mita ndi chida chodziwika bwino, muyenera kusankha bwino kwambiri kusankha kwawo. Zina mwazofunikira kwambiri zomwe muyenera kulipira chidwi chanu kwa ogula ndi:

• Kupezeka kwa zingwe zoyeserera. Musanagule chida, ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti ndizosavuta bwanji kugula zinthu zomwe wogwiritsa ntchito angafunike nthawi zambiri zokwanira. Mfundo yayikulu pamalingaliro iyi ndikuti ngati wogwiritsa ntchito sangakwanitse kugula mayesowa pafupipafupi, ndiye kuti chipangizocho sichingafunike, chifukwa munthu sangachigwiritse ntchito.
• Kuyeza kolondola. Zipangizo zimakhala ndi zolakwika zosiyanasiyana. Mwachitsanzo, gluueter wa Accu-Chek Performa ali ndi zolakwika zomwe amapanga opanga 11%, pomwe kwa gluTeter ya OneTouch mtengo wake ndi pafupifupi 8%. Tiyeneranso kukumbukiranso kuti kumwa mankhwala enaake kumatha kusokoneza mita. Kuphatikiza apo, musanagwiritse ntchito Mzere, onetsetsani kuti kukhazikitsa ndi kukhazikitsa kwa chida ndizofanana.
• Nthawi yowerengera zotsatirazo. Chizindikirochi ndichofunikira kwambiri kwa iwo omwe amatsatira moyo wakhama ndipo akufuna kudziwa kuchuluka kwa magawo ake. Nthawi yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pofufuza zotsatira zake imatha kusintha kuchoka pa 0.5 masekondi mpaka masekondi 45.
• Chiyeso cha muyeso. Pali njira ziwiri zoperekera zotsatira zoyezera: mu mg / dl ndi mmol / L. Njira yoyamba imagwiritsidwa ntchito m'maiko akumadzulo ndi zida zopangidwa ndi awa, ndipo yachiwiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito m'maiko a CIS. Pafupifupi, palibe kusiyana komwe magawo amayeneraayeza. Kutembenuza zizindikiritso, kuphatikiza kwa 18 kumagwiritsidwa ntchito, ndiye kuti, pakusintha mg / dl kupita mmol / l, kuyenera kugawidwa ndi nambala 18, ndipo ngati mmol / l atasinthidwa kukhala mg / dl, ndiye kuchulukitsa ndi mtengo womwewo.
• Voliyumu yamagazi pakuyeza. Nthawi zambiri, glucometer imafunika pakuwunika kuchokera ku 0,6 mpaka 5 μl wamagazi.
• Kuchulukitsa kukumbukira komwe chipangizochi chili nacho. Chizindikiro chofunikira, chifukwa chifukwa cha ichi, munthu amakhala ndi mwayi wofufuza shuga kwa nthawi yayitali ndikuzindikira zoyenera. Pali zitsanzo za glucometer zokumbukira 500 miyezo.
• Ntchito yowerengetsera yokha ya zotsatira zapakati. Njira iyi imalola wogwiritsa ntchito kuwerengera mtengo wapakati wa masiku 7, 14, 21, 28, 60, 90, kutengera mtundu.
• Makina olemba. Chipangizocho chimatha kugwiritsa ntchito chingwe chazida kapena chip.
• Kulemera kwa mita. Kutalika kumeneku sikugwira ntchito yayikulu posankha glucometer, komanso kuyeneranso kuyang'aniridwa, popeza magawo a chipangizocho amadalira kuchuluka kwake, komwe ndikofunikira kwa ogwiritsa ntchito ambiri.

Monga ntchito zowonjezera, mita ikhoza kukhala nayo:

• Chizindikiro chomveka choonetsa hypoglycemia kapena shuga kutuluka kwa malire ovuta kwambiri.
• Kutha kulumikizana ndi kompyuta yanu kusamutsa zomwe mwalandira kale.
• Chosankha cholanda zotsatira za anthu osaona kapena akhungu.

Zinthu zomwe angasankhe okalamba

Kugula glucometer, munthu wazaka zopumira pantchito ayenera kutsatira njira zotsatirazi:

• Chipangizocho ndi bwino kusankha cholimba komanso cholimba, monga wogwiritsa ntchito wachikulire angachigwe mwangozi.
• Chiwonetserochi chikuyenera kukhala chachikulu kuti chioneke bwino.
• Simuyenera kugula chipangizo chokhala ndi zosankha zambiri zothandizira, chifukwa munthu sangazigwiritse ntchito.
• Osangokhala otanganidwa kwambiri pa liwiro la kusanthula, popeza iyi siyofunikira.

Mitundu iti yomwe muyenera kusankha - mwachidule

Mmodzi wodziwika kwambiri pakati pa ogwiritsa ntchito ndi a Consu-Chek Active glucometer. Chipangizocho chimaphatikiza kugwiritsa ntchito mosavuta komanso modalirika.

Zina mwazabwino zake ndi:

• Chitetezo chachikulu. Chipangizocho chimasainira eni ake za kutha kwa mizere yoyesera, chomwe chimatsimikizira kudalirika kwazotsatira.
• Kupezeka kwa njira zothandizira. Zimaperekedwa polemba zotsatira za miyezo, ndikuwona chizindikiro chokwanira pakuwunika koyenera kwazomwe zimayambitsa thupi lakudya lomwe lidawonongeka.
• Mitundu yambiri. Kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kungathe kuwunikira masiku 7, 14, 30.
• Kuthamanga kwamiyeso yabwino. Mita imangofunika masekondi asanu kuti muwonetse zotsatira.
• Magazi amathandizidwa pa strip yoyesa kunja kwa makina, omwe amathetsa chiopsezo cha matenda.
• Chogwiritsidwacho chidzadziwitsa wosuta ngati dontho la magazi lilibe magetsi okwanira kuchita kusanthula.
• Mamita ali ndi ntchito yapadera yomwe imakulolani kuti musamutse deta yomwe mwalandila pa kompyuta yanu.
• Kuyika makompyuta modzikonza.

Glucometer Accu-Chek Performa

Kutchuka kwake kukufotokozedwa ndi mikhalidwe yabwinoyi:

• Kuphweka. Chipangizocho chimatulutsa zotsatira zake popanda kukanikiza mabatani aliwonse.
• Zothandiza. Chiwonetserochi chili ndi zowala kumbuyo.
• Kutsimikizika kowonjezera kwamiyeso kumaperekedwa.
• Pamaso pa chizindikiro chomveka, chenjezo la hypoglycemia.
• Chikumbutso chomveka kuti kudziyang'anira ndikofunikira mukatha kudya.
• Kusamutsa kwa kuyesedwa kwa PC.

OneTouch Glucometer

Mmodzi mwa atsogoleri pamalo ogula, ndipo onse chifukwa amapatsidwa izi:

• Kutha kulembetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, zonse musanadye komanso mutatha kudya.
• Kukhalapo kwa menyu yayikulu yophimba yokhala ndi mawonekedwe ambiri.
• Kupezeka kwa chilangizo cha chilankhulo cha Chirasha.
• Palibenso chifukwa chochitira kuyeserera ndi kukhazikitsa.
• Kukula kochepa.
• Mwa kupereka zotsatira zolondola nthawi zonse.

Glucometer "Satellite"

Chipangizochi ndi cha ntchito zapakhomo, zomwe, mwatsoka, zimafuna nthawi yambiri kuti zitheke zotsatira zake. Komabe, ilinso ndi maubwino:

• Nthawi yopanda chitsimikizo.
• Kukhala ndi mwayi wofufuza ndikupeza zingwe zoyeserera pa chipangizocho, ndizofunikira kwambiri kwa anthu omwe amayeza.
• Batri ya chipangizocho idapangidwa kuti ikhale ndi moyo wautali (mpaka muyeso 5000).
• Kuonda kotsika (pafupifupi 70 magalamu).

Glucometer Contour TS

Msonkhanowu wa chipangizochi ukuchitika ku Japan, chifukwa chake kapangidwe kake sikubweretsa kukayikira kulikonse. Zina mwazabwino ndi izi:

• Kuwongolera koyenera komanso mawonekedwe okongoletsa. Kuti mugwire ntchito ndi chipangizocho, mabatani awiri okha ndi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito.
• Doko lomwe likupezeka lolumikizana ndi kompyuta yakutali.
• Popeza palibe kusungidwa konse.
• Kukula kwa Ergonomic pamizere yoyesera.
• Pang'onopang'ono magazi amafunikira kuti aunikenso.

Glucometer Clever Chek TD-4227A

Mtunduwu udapangidwa mwapadera kwa anthu olumala. Pankhaniyi, opanga anali ndi nkhawa za kapangidwe kake kazida. Chifukwa chake, chipangizocho chili ndi zabwino zazikulu:

• Mauthenga kwa ogwiritsa ntchito muyeso amachititsa mawu.
• Screen yayikulu yokhala ndi manambala ndi zizindikilo zomveka bwino, mabatani akuluakulu owongolera amapereka ntchito yosavuta ndi chipangizocho.
• Kuchenjeza za kupezeka kwa matupi a ketone.
• Yatsani makanema okhawo, pokhapokha ngati mzere woyezera ulowa.
• Kuyamwa magazi kungachitike mu gawo lili lonse losavuta la thupi (mkono, mwendo, chala).

Omron Optium Omega

Compact komanso yosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito mita. Kutchuka kwake kumachitika chifukwa cha izi:

• Mutha kuyika chingwe choyesera mbali zonse ziwiri, zomwe ndizoyenera mbali zonse ziwiri zakumanja ndi zotsalira.
• Mwazi wofufuza ungatengedwe m'thupi lonse, kutengera chikhumbo cha wogwiritsa ntchito.
• Kusanthula kumachitika pogwiritsa ntchito magazi ochepa kwambiri (pafupifupi 0,3 μl).
• Kuthamanga kwa zotsatira ndi masekondi 5. Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri pakuwunika munthu amene akudwala matenda ashuga.

Kuyerekeza tebulo la mitundu yosiyanasiyana

Mtundu wapamwamba kwambiri

Ndizovuta kunena kuti mita ndiyabwino kwambiri, koma chipangizo cha One Touch Ultra Easy chiri kutsogolera pakati pa ogwiritsa ntchito. Kufunikira kwake kukufotokozedwa mosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito, kulemera pang'ono (pafupifupi magalamu 35) ndi kupezeka kwa chitsimikizo chopanda malire. Chipangizocho chimakhala ndi mphuno yapadera yotsatsira magazi, ndipo zotsatira zake zimakhala zofunikira posachedwa (pambuyo pa masekondi 5). Ndipo koposa zonse - mita iyi ilibe cholakwika pang'ono. Malinga ndi zotsatira za chaka cha 2016, chipangizochi chimadziwikanso kuti ndichochita bwino kwambiri ngati akatswiri omwe adavomerezanso kuti One Touch Ultra Easy imaphatikiza zofunikira zonse kuti mtsogoleri akhale mtsogoleri wazinthu zina.

Ndemanga za ogwiritsa ntchito

Malingaliro amakasitomala pa mita ya One Touch Ultra Easy atha kuyesedwa potengera ndemanga zotsatirazi.

Ndi za kuwala, kompositi komanso mita yosavuta One Touch Ultra Easy. Poyamba, adapatsidwa kwaulere, polembetsa ndi matenda a shuga ndi endocrinologist. Zikuwoneka zazing'ono, kulemera kwake ndi magalamu 32 okha. Imasweka ngakhale mthumba lamkati. Ngakhale ziwerengero za "khanda" zoterezi ndizambiri, zimatha kuwoneka bwino. Kukhudza - mawonekedwe oyenera, otalika, omwe ali ndi dzanja labwino. Malinga ndi luso: masitepe msanga, pambuyo masekondi 5, kuzimiririka pazenera. Mphamvu yakukumbukira pamiyeso 500. Kuphatikiza cholembera kupyoza, mzere woyeserera wa ma PC 10, ma lancets a ma 10 PC. Ndiosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito, yomwe yandipatsa chiphuphu. Ndikokwanira kutenga chingwe choyezera kuchokera mumtsuko wamikwingwirima, ndikuyika mu mita, ikangokhazikika kwa masekondi awiri, chikwangwani cha droplet chimayatsa pazenera, ichi ndi chizindikiro kuti mutha kubweretsa chala chanu ndi dontho lamwazi lakufinya. Chosangalatsa ndichakuti mayeserowo amadzilowetsa okha ndipo mulibe kuyenera kukhetsa dontho la magazi motsatira mzere. Mumabweretsa chala ndipo magaziwo amatuluka mumdzenje. Zabwino kwambiri! Chinanso chomwe muyenera kunena ndi ichi: chipangizo cha One Touch Ultra Izi chili mu mawonekedwe a chikwama chomwe chili ndi zipper, mkati mwa gawo la mita pali cholumikizira chapadera cha pulasitiki, chomwe chiri chofunikira kwambiri ngati mutsegule kuchokera pansi mpaka pansi, sichitha, monga One Touch Ultra (pali thumba losavuta kuwoneka ndipo agogo anga akaitsegula, nthawi zambiri limangotuluka m'malo mwake).

LuLuscha

http://otzovik.com/review_973471.html

Ndimagwiritsa ntchito chida ichi kudziwa kuchuluka kwa glucose m'magazi a odwala anga. Ndikufuna kunena nthawi yomweyo kuti kwa zaka zoposa zitatu zogwiritsidwa ntchito, sindinapeze zolakwika zilizonse. Ndiyamba ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri - ndiko kulondola kwa chotsatira. Ndili ndi mwayi wotsimikizira zotsatirazi ndi zasayansi ndipo, zoona, pali cholakwika, ngati chida chilichonse, koma ndizochepa kwambiri - mkati mwa malo ovomerezeka, kotero ndinganene kuti mutha kudalira mtundu uwu. Glucometer ndi yosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito, ili ndi kukula kochepa komanso kulemera pang'ono, ili ndi vuto lapadera, lomwe poyambira kale limakhala ndi zonse zomwe mumafunikira kuti muyeze miyezo ya glucose - mizere yoyesera ndi malamba. Mlanduwo umateteza chida kuti chisawonongeke, wogwirizira mita yomweyo imapangidwira, palinso chogwirizira chovala lamba. Ngakhale kukula kwa chipangizocho ndiocheperako, kuwonetsa kokhako kumakhala kwakukulu ndi zizindikiro zazikulu, ndipo izi sizofunikira, popeza zambiri zimagulidwa ndi anthu okalamba omwe satha kuwona bwino. Bokosi limakhala ndi malamba 10 osabala, zingwe khumi zoyeserera, komanso cholembera chovomerezeka, chipewa chodzitengera zitsanzo za magazi kuchokera m'manja kapena m'manja, ndi malangizo omveka bwino oti mugwiritse ntchito.Mosiyana ndi ma glucometer ena ambiri, omwe amayesedwa nthawi yayitali atayatsidwa, vutoli silimabwera pano. Zotsatira zake zimapezeka pang'onopang'ono, ndipo kusanthula pamafunika magazi ochepa kwambiri. Ndiwe mtengo, ngakhale suli wotsika mtengo kwambiri pakati pa analogi, koma kukumbukira nzeru: "wolipira amalipira kawiri" ndipo pamaziko a zabwino zonse zomwe zili pamwambapa, ndikufuna kunena kuti mita imatsimikizira kufunika kwake.

Alexander

http://med-magazin.com.ua/item_N567.htm#b-show-all

Gulu la gluueter la Accu-Chek Performa, nalandira ndalama zingapo kuchokera kwa ogwiritsa ntchito.

Mu Disembala 2014, adatumizidwa kwa a chipatala cha endocrinologist kuchipatala chachigawo chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi asanu patha nthawi yapakati. Zotsatira zake, endocrinologist adalimbikitsa kugula glucometer ndikusunga diary yowunikira pawokha. Monga munthu wolimba, ndinadzipusitsa ndi chipangizochi (ingoyang'anani momwe ntchito ikuyendera). Kuletsa zakudya zilizonse kapena zochepa zotsekemera. Pambuyo pa masabata awiri, adatumizidwanso kwa endocrinologist kuti akaitanidwenso kachiwiri ndi diary yodziyang'anira payekha. Dokotala wina wa endocrinologist, pamaziko a zolemba zokha, anandipeza ndi matenda a shuga. Popanda kudya ma sarah komanso chilichonse chokoma, ndimangotaya 5 kg mu sabata. Kenako anazolowera ndipo kulemera kwake sikunacheperachepera. Kumapeto kwa Januware 2015, adandipulumutsa, pomwe, mwa zina, ndidadutsa mayeso a shuga. Malinga ndi glucometer, adasanduka 5.4, ndipo malinga ndi kusanthula kwa 3.8. Kenako, ndi othandizira ma labotale, tinaganiza zoyang'ana glucometer ndipo nthawi yomweyo monga momwe timayembekezera pamimba yopanda kanthu tinatenga kuyesa kwa shuga kuchokera kumunwe. Nthawi yomweyo, ndinayeza shuga ndi glucometer - 6.0 pofufuza dontho limodzi lamwazi liwonetsa 4.6. Ndidakhumudwitsidwa kwathunthu mu glucometer, kulondola kwa machitidwe a nano. Zingwe zimawononga ndalama zoposa 1000r ndipo ndikuzifuna?!

Anonymous447605

http://otzovik.com/review_1747849.html

Mwanayo ali ndi zaka 1.5. Glucometer adawonetsa 23.6 mmol, labotale 4.8 mmol - ndidadzidzimuka, zinali bwino kuti anali kuchipatala, ndikadayilowetsa ... Tsopano ndimagwiritsa ntchito kunyumba mwangozi zanga. Ndikukhulupirira kuti iyi inali nkhani yokhayokha, komabe pamakhala kusiyana pamawerengedwa - nthawi iliyonse mwanjira ina, ndiye 1 mmol, kenako 7 mmol, kenako 4 mmol.

oksantochka

http://otzovik.com/review_1045799.html

Kuyang'anira kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi ndi ntchito yofunika osati kokha kwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la kapamba, komanso kwa athanzi. Chifukwa chake, kusankha kwa glucometer kuyenera kufikiridwa ndiudindo waukulu kwambiri.

Glucometer ya okalamba

Gululi la glucometer ndilotchuka kwambiri, chifukwa mu ukalamba ndimomwe matenda oopsa nthawi zambiri amakulira. Mlanduwo uyenera kukhala wolimba, nsalu yotchinga ndi yayikulu, pogwiritsa ntchito ziwerengero zazikulu komanso zowonekera, miyeso ndi yolondola, ndipo kulowererapo kwa anthu pakuyeza sikokwanira. Pazochitika zolakwika, ndikofunikira kuti chizindikiro chomveka, osati zolemba zokha zomwe zidawonekera.

Kuyesa Strip Encoding Iyenera kuchitika pogwiritsa ntchito chip, chopambana cha zonse zokha, koma osati pakulemba manambala ndi mabatani, chifukwa ndizovuta kwa anthu okalamba. Popeza miyeso ya gululi la anthu iyenera kuchitidwa pafupipafupi, samalani ndi mtengo wotsika wa ma stround test.

Kwa okalamba, monga lamulo, ndizovuta kumvetsetsa zaukadaulo waposachedwa, chifukwa chake osagula chipangizo chokhala ndi zowonjezera zambiri ndipo ndi osafunikira kwathunthu ntchitomonga kulumikizana ndi kompyuta, pafupifupi, kukumbukira kwakukulu, kuyendetsa liwiro, ndi zina zambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, zowonjezera zimawonjezera mtengo. Komanso ndiyenera kuyang'anira chiwerengero chochepa cha zosunthika mu chipangizochozomwe zimatha kuthyoka mwachangu.

Chizindikiro china chofunikira ndi kuchuluka kwa magazichofunikira pakuyeza, chifukwa chocheperako chimakhala chokhacho, ndibwino, chifukwa nthawi zina miyezo imayenera kupangidwa kangapo patsiku. M'makiriniki ena, ma strapps amayesedwa aulere kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti ndi mitundu iti ya glucometer yomwe ndi yoyenera, chifukwa izi zithandiza kupulumutsa kwambiri.

Glucometer wachinyamata

Kwa gulu la anthu awa, atatha kulondola komanso kudalirika, amabwera poyamba kuthamanga kwakukulu kwa kuyeza, kuphatikiza, magwiridwe antchito komanso mawonekedwe.

Ndizosavuta komanso zosangalatsa kwa achinyamata kudziwa ukadaulo waposachedwa, choncho chipangizocho chimatha kukhala ndi ntchito zambiri zowonjezera, makamaka popeza ambiri a iwo adzakhala othandiza kwambiri. Pali mawonekedwe othandizira kuwongolera diaryi diabetes, mutha kuyikanso chipangizochi mosavuta, ndipo chitha kudziwa m'mene kuwunikira kumachitikira, chakudya chisanachitike kapena mutatha, ma glucometer ena amatha sungani mawerengero oyesa kwa nthawi yayitalikomanso deta imatha kukhala kompyuta etc.

Glucometer ya anthu omwe alibe shuga

Nthawi zambiri, kufunikira kwa glucometer kumachitika mwa anthu azaka zopitilira 40-45 omwe akufuna kuwunika thanzi lawo, komanso mwa anthu omwe ali pagululi: anthu omwe adadwalayi m'mabanja awo, komanso anthu onenepa kwambiri komanso metabolic.

Kwa gululi, zida zosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito ndi chiwerengero chochepa cha zina zowonjezera, osalowetsa kachidindo ka oyesa komanso zingwe zoyeserera ndi moyo wautali wautali komanso ochepa a iwo, ndizoyenera kwambiri, chifukwa miyeso imachitika moyenera.

Madzi a glucose mita

Azichimwene athu ang'onoang'ono amakonda matenda ashuga, koma mosiyana ndi anthu, sangadandaule chifukwa cha matenda awo. Chifukwa chake, muyenera kulamula msinkhu wa shuga wa magazi anu. Choyamba, izi zimagwira kwa amphaka akale ndi agalu, komanso nyama zonenepa kwambiri. Koma pali zinthu zina zambiri zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a shuga mu zinyama. Ngati dokotalayo adziwikitsa dokotala wanu wokondedwa, ndiye kuti nkhani yokhala ndi glucometer imangofunika.

Kwa nyama, mumafunikira chida chomwe chimafuna magazi ochepa kuti aunikidwe, chifukwa kuti mupeze kuchuluka koyenera kwa insulini, muyenera kuchita zinthu zosachepera katatu patsiku.

Ntchito zina za glucometer

Zida zambiri zili ndi zida zowonjezerazomwe zimakulitsa magwiridwe antchito a mita.

1. Makumbukidwe omangidwa. Zimapangitsa kuyerekeza ndi kusanthula zotsatira za miyeso yakale.
2. Chenjezo labwinoza hypoglycemia, i.e. kutuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kuposa zopitilira muyeso.
3. Kulumikiza kwa makompyuta. Ntchitoyi imapangitsa kusamutsa deta yonse kuchokera pamtima wa chida kupita pa kompyuta.
4. Kuphatikiza kwa Tonometer. Ntchito yothandiza kwambiri, yomwe imapangitsa kuti nthawi yomweyo muyese kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi shuga.
5. "Zolankhula". Ntchitoyi ndi yofunikira kwambiri kwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto lowona, mothandizidwa ndi zomwe zimachitika pompopompo, ndipo chiopsezo cholakwitsa kapena cholakwika chimachepetsedwa mpaka zero. (SensoCard Plus, CleverCheck TD-4227A). Zipangizo zoterezi zimadziwonetsabe kuchuluka kwa cholesterol ndi triglycerides m'magazi.

Komabe, ntchito zonsezi zimachulukitsa mtengo wa zida, koma pochita sizigwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri.

Momwe mungayang'anire mita molondola?

Mukamasankha glucometer, ndi ndalama kuionera ngati imalondola. Momwe mungayang'anire? Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kuyeza magazi anu katatu katatu mzere ndi chipangizocho. Ngati chida ndicholondola, ndiye kuti zotsatira za muyeso ziyenera kusiyana ndi osaposa 5-10%.

Muthanso kuyerekezera kusanthula komwe kunapangidwa mu labotale ndi deta ya chipangizo chanu. Musakhale aulesi, pitani kuchipatala, ndiye kuti mudzatsimikiza ndikutsimikiza kwa glucometer yomwe mudagula. Vutolo laling'ono limaloledwa pakati pa deta ya labotale ndi mita yamagazi a nyumba, koma sayenera kupitirira 0,8 mmol / l, malinga ndi kuti shuga yanu siyoposa 4.2 mmol / l, ngati chizindikirochi ndichoposa 4.2 mmol / l , ndiye kuti cholakwika chovomerezeka chikhoza kukhala 20%.

Komanso, muyenera kuphunzira ndikukumbukira miyambo ya shuga ya magazi.

Kuti mukhale ndi chitsimikizo pa 99.9% posankha kwanu komanso kulondola kwa mita, ndibwino kupatsa chidwi kwa opanga otchuka omwe sangaike dzina lawo pachiwopsezo komanso kugulitsa zinthu zapamwamba. Chifukwa chake, Gamma, Bionime, OneTouch, Wellion, Bayer, Accu-Chek adatsimikizira bwino.

OneTouch Select

• zamagetsi
• nthawi yosanthula - masekondi 5,
• kukumbukira kwamiyeso 350,
• kuyerekezera kwa plasma
• mtengo wake ndi pafupifupi madola 35.

Mamita abwino kwa okalamba: skrini yayikulu, chiwerengero chachikulu, mizere yonse yoyeserera imangirizidwa ndi nambala imodzi. Kuphatikiza apo, mutha kuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kwa masiku 7, 14 kapena 30. Mutha kuyesanso kuchuluka kwa shuga musanadye komanso mutatha kudya, ndikukhazikitsanso mfundo zonse pakompyuta. Glucometer ndi yabwino kuti munthu wokalamba azigwiritsa ntchito pawokha, ndipo ntchito zake zowonjezera zimathandizira ana a wodwalayo kuti azitha kuyang'anira zonse.

Bionime Choyenera GM 550

• zamagetsi
• nthawi yosanthula - masekondi 5,
• kukumbukira zaka 500,
• kuyerekezera kwa plasma
• mtengo wake ndi pafupifupi madola 25.

Mita imeneyi imatchedwa imodzi yolondola kwambiri pakati pazomwe zimaperekedwa pamsika wapakhomo. Chosavuta, chopindika, chokongoletsa, chokhala ndi skrini yayikulu komanso yambiri. Bokosi limaphatikizapo chipangizo cha lancet, malawi 10 ndi zingwe 10 zoyesa.

Achinyamata Acu

• Photometric
• kuyeza 0.6-33.3 mmol / l,
• kuchuluka kwa magazi ndi 1-2 μl,
• nthawi yosanthula - masekondi 5,
• kukumbukira miyeso 350
• kuwerengetsa magazi konse
• kulemera 55 g
• mtengo wake ndi pafupifupi madola 15.

Glucometer yotsika mtengo yochokera ku Germany wopanga, yomwe imakulolani kuyeza magazi athunthu. Kuphatikiza apo, chipangizocho chimakulolani kuti muwonetse phindu la shuga kwa masiku 7, 14 ndi 30, onetsetsani zomwe zili ndi shuga musanadye komanso pambuyo pake.

Kulondola Kwoyamba

Mukamasankha mita yabwinoko, kulondola ndi kutsata (kubwereza) kwa miyeso kuyenera kupatsidwanso kofunikira kuposa zokongola, koma zopanda ntchito zamitundu ina yamakono. Kwa odwala matenda a shuga, muyezo woyenera, osachepera malire oyenera, atha kukhala, ngati sichinthu cha moyo ndi kufa, ndiye kuti kukhoza kumamva bwino nthawi zonse.

Kutsatira mita kunyumba ndi miyezo yamakono sikutanthauza kuti ndiye abwino koposa. Miyezo yaposachedwa imafuna kuti 95% yowerengera ikhale mkati mwa ± 15% a labotale, ndipo 99% mkati mwa ± 20%. Izi ndizabwino kuposa malingaliro am'mbuyomu, komabe ndimasiya malo ambiri pazolakwika "zovomerezeka".

Ngakhale boma kapena kampani ya inshuwaransi ikakulipira mtengo wa zida zotere, ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti kuphimba kungafikire mtundu wosankha wamalingaliro, chifukwa chake muyenera kuyang'ana izi musanagule. Nthawi zina mutha kupeza zitsanzo zaulere kuchokera kwa dokotala wanu kapena ngakhale mwachindunji kuchokera kwa wopanga.

Mukamafufuza kuti ndi electrochemical glucometer yabwino, muyenera kuganizira mtengo wa zothetsera - amadziwa mtengo weniweni wa chipangizocho. Mtengo wamiyeso yamayeso umasiyana 1 mpaka 3.5 rubles. kwa 50 zidutswa. Ngati mumayang'anitsitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga katatu patsiku, ndiye kuti ndizokwanira kwa masabata awiri. Kwa mitundu yotsika mtengo kwambiri, mtengo wamizere yoyesera ungakhale mpaka ma ruble 85,000 pachaka.

Kuphatikiza koopsa

Mukamasankha glucometer yabwino koposa, kumbukirani kuti kutenga zinthu zina kumatha kuyambitsa vuto. Ma Model omwe amagwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wa GDH-PQQ strip test nthawi zina amapereka zowopsa (komanso zowopsa) zowerenga zabodza. Chifukwa chake, ngati muli ndi mafunso kapena mavuto aliwonse, muyenera kufunsa dokotala.

Makhalidwe a mita yabwino ya magazi kunyumba

Kodi, malinga ndi ndemanga za ogwiritsa ntchito, ndi chofunikira chiti chomwe chimadziwika kuti ndi shuga? Kulondola. Kafukufuku wazachipatala ena akuti kutsatira kwa chipangizocho ndi miyezo sikutanthauza kuti zipereka kuwerenga koona mu zenizeni zenizeni. Ndiye mita ndiyiti? Ayenera kukhala ndi mbiri yabwino yotsata zolondola pamayeso azachipatala, mayeso odziyimira pawokha, komanso pakati pa ogula.

Kugwiritsa ntchito mosavuta. Mukamaganiza kuti ndi glucometer uti amene angasankhe bwino, muyenera kuganizira kuti zida zosavuta ndizotheka kuzigwiritsa ntchito nthawi zambiri momwe zingafunikire. Kwa ogwiritsa ntchito ambiri, izi zikutanthauza chophimba chowoneka, chosavuta kuwerenga, mabatani omwe ndi osavuta kukanikiza, mayeso olola kulekerera komanso chitsanzo chaching'ono cha magazi. Kwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto lowona, glucometer yolankhula imathandizira kwambiri kusanthula.

Palibenso zosowa zina. Ngati wogwiritsa ntchito safunika kukonzanso chipangizo chake nthawi zonse akamatsegula paketi yatsopano yamayimidwe, kulowa zikwangwani zatsopano pamanja kapena kugwiritsa ntchito kiyi kapena chip, izi zikutanthauza kuchotsa mwayi wina wolakwitsa. Komabe, eni eni amati amapangidwapo kulemba zikwatu ndipo satsutsana nazo.

Voliyumu yaying'ono. Magazi ocheperako omwe glucometer amafunikira pakuyesa kulikonse, osapweteka kwambiri omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito, ndipo ocheperako amatha kulakwitsa ndikuwononga mzere woyezera.

Mawebusayiti ena okhetsa magazi. Kugwiritsa ntchito ziwalo zina zamthupi kumakupatsani mwayi wopuma. Mamita ena a glucose amakulolani kutenga magazi kuchokera m'manja, miyendo, kapena m'mimba. Komabe, pali nthawi zina pamene izi sizoyenera kuchita (mwachitsanzo, pakusintha kwamphamvu kwa glucose), chifukwa chake, muyenera kufunsa dokotala wanu kuti athe kugwiritsa ntchito njirayi.

Kusunga kwa zotsatira za kusanthula. Mamita abwino kwambiri a glucose amatha kusungira mazana kapena masauzande kuwerengera ndi madeti ndi nthawi, ndikuthandizira kuyang'ana mbiri yachipatala ndikuwonetsetsa kuti mayesowa ali ovomerezeka.

Ntchito zokuthandizani ndi kupanga chizindikiro. Ambiri owunika am'magazi amatha kuwerengera kuwerenga kwakanthawi kokwanira masiku 7, 14 kapena 30. Mitundu ina imakulolani kuti muwonetse ngati mayeso adachitapo kale kapena musanadye chakudya, ndikuwonjezera zolemba zamakalata zothandiza potsatira kusintha kwa misempha.

Kusamutsa deta. Ma Glucometer omwe amatha kutumizira deta (nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito chingwe cha USB) amakulolani kutsitsa zotsatira zoyeserera ku kompyuta kuti mutha kuwunika bwino shuga yanu yamagazi kapena kugawana ndi adokotala.

Kupezeka kwa zingwe zoyeserera. Posankha mita yabwino panyumba panu, mtengo wake ndiwofunika. Zingwe zoyesa ndizomwe zimapanga mtengo kwambiri pazida. Mitengo yawo imatha kusiyanasiyana. Ena opanga mayeso okwera mtengo amapereka mapulogalamu othandizira omwe amathandiza kuchepetsa ndalama.

Ndiyenera kudziwa chiyani?

Milandu ya kufa kwa odwala chifukwa chowerenga molakwika cha glucometer ndi ma strapps oyesera ndi GDH-PQQ (glucose dehydrogenase pyrroloquinolinequinone) amadziwika. Anthu awa adamwa mankhwala okhala ndi shuga - makamaka dialysis solution. Mitare inawonetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, ngakhale kuti inali yotsika kwambiri.

Izi zidachitika kokha ndi anthu omwe amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala okhala ndi shuga, ndipo ndi zida zokha za GDH-PQQ zokha zomwe sizimatha kusiyanitsa shuga ndi shuga ena. Ndikofunikira nthawi zonse kuphunzira mosamala zolembedwa za chipangizocho, chifukwa chimakhala ndi machenjezo okhudza ngati mankhwala omwe ali ndi shuga amakhudza zotsatira za kuyezetsa magazi.

Kuphatikiza apo, owongolera amalimbikitsa kuti musagwiritse ntchito mizera ya GDH-PQQ kuyesa ngati zotsatirazi zikulowa m'thupi:

• icodextrin yankho la peritoneal dialysis,
• ma immunoglobulin ena,
• zomata zomatira zomwe zili ndi icodextrin,
• radio immunotherapeutic agent Bexxar,
• chilichonse chomwe chimakhala ndi maltose, galactose kapena xylose, kapena zinthu zomwe thupi limasweka ndikupanga awa monosaccharides.

Kuphweka ndi chizolowezi

Zikafika komwe glucometer ndiyabwino komanso yolondola, kuchuluka kwa njira zoyeserera magazi ndikofunikira. Omwe ali ochepa, mwayi wochepera wolakwitsa. Chifukwa chake, ma glucometer abwino kwambiri ndi zida zomwe zimapangitsa njira yowunikira kuchuluka kwa shuga kukhala yodalirika momwe mungathere. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito, ndikokwanira kuyika chingwe choyesera, kubaya chala, kuthira magazi ndikuwerenga zotsatira zake.

Pulogalamu yaying'ono ya FreeStyle Freedom Lite (yokwanira ma ruble 1,400) si yayikulu kuposa paketi la chingamu.Pazowunikirazo, amangofunika 0,3 μl yokha ya magazi. Ogwiritsa ntchito amakonda izi, adatero, zimapangitsa kuti kuyesedwa kusakhale kovuta komanso kowopsa. Amavomerezanso siginolo yomata atatha kugwiritsa ntchito magazi okwanira, ndipo ngati izi sizinagwire ntchito poyesera koyamba, ndiye kuti, masekondi 60 kuwonjezera zina. Pambuyo pake, zotsatira zake zimawonekera patatha pafupifupi masekondi asanu. Palibe chifukwa chothandizira kulemba zolemba pamanja ngati gawo loyesa lamayeso ligwiritsidwa ntchito, lomwe limathandiza kuchepetsa zolakwika zomwe zingachitike.

Chofunika kwambiri kuposa kutonthoza komanso ntchito yabwino ndikulondola kwa chipangizocho. Zotsatira za FreeStyle Freedom Lite ndizowona pazochitika zoposa 99%. Izi zimatsimikiziridwa ndi zofalitsa m'magazini azachipatala ndi mayeso odziyimira pawokha. Ngakhale iyi si mita yatsopano kwambiri, ogwiritsa ntchito amaikonda chifukwa chodalirika. Ambiri akhala akuigwiritsa ntchito kwazaka zambiri ndipo sanakumanepo ndi mavuto, okhalabe ndi chidaliro pakuchita kwake komanso kudalirika. "Madandaulo" a ogwiritsa ntchito pamodzinawa amangophatikizidwa ndi kuchepa kwa mizere yoyesera mu zida, zomwe ziyenera kugulidwa padera, komanso chocheperako.

Zinthu zinanso zomwe zimapangitsa kuti FreeStyle Freedom Lite ikhale yotchuka kwambiri ndizoyendetsa ma batala awiri, kuthekera kosunga mpaka kuwerenga kwa ma 400 ndikuwerengera mitengo yapamwamba yomwe imathandizira kudziwa kusintha kwa glucose wamagazi pakapita nthawi, kuchuluka kwakukulu pazowonetsa ndi doko lomwe limakupatsani mwayi wotsitsa deta kwa Windows kapena OS X kompyuta pogwiritsa ntchito AutoS Aid. Pulogalamuyi imapanga malipoti angapo, kuphatikiza chidziwitso pa makonda, zotsika mtengo, ziwerengero zamasiku onse ndi malipoti pazopezeka.

Mamita amagwiritsa ntchito mizera yamtengo wapatali ya FreeStyle Lite kuyambira ma ruble 1,500. kwa 50 zidutswa.

Accu-Chek Aviva Plus

Ngati mayeso a FreeStyle kapena ma glucometer akuwoneka ochepa kwambiri, ndiye kuti ndiyenera kuganizira kusankha komwe mungapeze Accu-Chek Aviva Plus pamtengo wa pafupifupi rubles 3,000, omwe adalandiranso mayamiko ambiri chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito bwino. Ali ndi mikwingwirima yambiri kuposa ena, ndipo iwonso, monga chipangacho, ndi chophweka kotero kuti adalandira mphotho ya Ease of Use kuchokera ku Arthritis Foundation (USA). Izi zikuyankha funso la mita yomwe ndi yabwino kwambiri kwa anthu achikulire. Kuphatikiza apo, kulumikizana mwangozi pamtunda wa mzere sikumayambitsa kupotoza zotsatira ndi kuwonongeka kwake.

Accu-Chek Aviva Plus imakhalanso yofunikira chifukwa chokwanira, imatsimikiziridwa ndi mayeso ambiri azachipatala ndikuwunika koyerekeza kwa Diabetes Technology Society, komwe kunakhudza zida zoposa 1000. Kuchulukitsa kwa magazi kwa 0,6 μl ndikofunikira pakuchita kwake, komwe kuli pafupifupi kawiri kuposa kwa FreeStyle Freedom Lite. Zotsatirazo zikuwonekanso pambuyo pa masekondi 5.

Ndiye, ndibwino mita iti? Aviva Plus ndiyodziwika kwambiri kuposa Freform Freedom Lite, koma ogwiritsa ntchito amadandaula za mauthenga olakwitsa pafupipafupi omwe amatenga mtengo wamiyeso yamtengo wapatali. Ena samvetsetsa zowongolera. Mwinanso chipangizocho chinalandira mlingo wapamwamba kwambiri chokhacho chodalirika cha zotsatira, ngakhale kuti zotsalazo ndi zotsika poyerekeza ndi zida zopikisana nazo.

Komabe, Aviva Plus imapereka ntchito zambiri, kuphatikizapo kukumbukira kwa kuwerenga kwa 500, zochenjeza za 4, zolemba zotsatira zomwe zidapangidwa chakudya chisanafike komanso pambuyo pake, komanso kutha kuwerengera zamtengo wapakati. Mamita safunikira kukhazikitsidwanso pokonzekera mitsinje iliyonse yatsopano. Pali doko loukira lotumiza deta ku kompyuta, koma ambiri adzafunika kugula wolandila infrared kuti agwiritse ntchito chinthuchi. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito mita popanda iwo. Mutha kuyendetsa, kutsata, kusanthula ndi kugawana deta ndi Accu-Chek, yomwe imabwera ndi sensor ya IR.

Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti zingwe zoyeserera za Avva zidaphatikizidwa pamndandanda wazomwe zimatha kuyankha mashuga ena, ndikupatsa shuga wambiri m'magazi.

OneTouch Ultra Mini

Ngati zokonda zimaperekedwa kukula ndi ntchito mosavuta, ndiye kuti njira ya OneTouch Ultra Mini ikhoza kukhala yoyenera. Malinga ndi akatswiri, chipangizochi ndicholondola nthawi zonse, ndipo ogwiritsa ntchito amakonda kukula kwake komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mosavuta ntchito. Mamita amatha kusunga miyeso ya 500, koma chiwonetserocho chilibe magetsi, ndipo eni nyumbayo sachita chidwi ndi zomwe zimafunikira kuti pakhale sampuli yayikulu magazi - 1 μl. Wopanga akuchenjeza kuti ndi voliyumu yaying'ono, zotsatira zake zingakhale zolondola.

Mzere umodzi wa Mayeso a OneTouch Ultra Mini ndi okwera mtengo. Ogwiritsa ntchito nyamakazi ndi kugwirana chanza akudandaula kuti ndizovuta kugwira ntchito ndi chipangizocho. Izi ziyenera kuganiziridwa kwa iwo omwe amasankha mita yabwino kwa okalamba. Komabe, ngati mukufuna chida chosavuta, chothandiza komanso chosakira, ndiye kuti njira iyi ndi njira yabwino.

Magazi a glucose otsika mtengo

Kungakhale kuyesa kuweruza chipangizo choyeza shuga m'magazi kokha pamtengo wake woyambirira. Koma, poganiza kuti glucose amayenera kuyesedwa maulendo 4 pa tsiku, zingwe zopitilira 100 zoyesa pamwezi zingafunike. Mtengo weniweni wa chipangizocho umayesedwa bwino ndi mtengo wake. Opanga ena akuluakulu amaperekanso mafuta a shuga m'magazi kwaulere, chifukwa mtengo wawo umapangidwa chifukwa chogulitsa zinthu.

Komabe, zida zomwe zimakhala ndi ndalama zochepa zogulira pachaka, monga lamulo, sizotsika mtengo. Koma ndi mita iti yoposa? Wodziwika kwambiri ndi Bayer Contour Next, yomwe imawononga ndalama pafupifupi ma ruble 900. Bayer idagulidwa ndi Panasonic, yomwe idapanga gawo latsopano la Ascencia. Chifukwa chake tekinoloje iyi ndi Ascencia Contour Next, koma ogulitsa ambiri amagwiritsabe ntchito mtundu wakalewo.

Ichi ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zochepa zotsika mtengo zomwe sizongopambana mayeso azachipatala, komanso zopambana akatswiri owunikira. Contour Next ndi chida chokhacho chomwe mu 2 mwa 3 mayeso oyeserera adawonetsa 100% kutsata ndipo mu 1 - 99%. Awa ndi nyumba yabwino ya glucose yakunyumba! Koma si zokhazo.

Chipangizocho sichikufunika transcoding, chimatha kutenga magazi kuchokera mbali iliyonse ndikukulolani kuti muwonjezere ndi chingwe choyesera, ngati kwa nthawi yoyamba sichinali chokwanira. Mamita amafunikira magazi a 0.6 μl ndipo amalola kuti kanjedza ligwiritsidwe ntchito ngati njira ina yopangira zitsanzo.

Zina zodziwika ndizo kuthekera kowonjezera zolemba powerenga zomwe zasungidwa, zilembeni monga zimatengedwa musanadye kapena mutatha kudya (kapena panthawi ya kusala) ndi zikumbutso zomwe zingakonzedwe. Bayer Contour Next ikhoza kuwonetsa mauthenga apanema pazilankhulo 14, ili ndi doko laling'ono la USB lomwe limakupatsani mwayi wosamutsa deta ku PC kuti mukalandire ndikulembetsa mu pulogalamu ya Glucofacts Deluxe.

Zida zoyesa Bayer Contour ndizotsika mtengo, ndipo Bayer / Ascencia imapereka zida zomwe zimatha kupulumutsa zochulukirapo. Contour Next Kit yokhala ngati ma ruble 3,000. imaphatikizanso chidacho, zingwe 50, Zovala 100, zotupa za thonje zana limodzi ndi mowa komanso chida chopyoza. Uwu ndi mkangano wamphamvu kwa iwo omwe amasankha mita ya glucose yam'makomo ndi yabwino ndipo siyabwino.

FreeStyle Precision NEO

Wopikisana nawo kwambiri ku Contour Next ndi FreeStyle Precision NEO. Ngakhale kuti mita imafuna magazi a 0,6 μl (kuchulukitsa kawiri kuposa mitundu ina ya FreeStyle) ndipo ilibe mawonekedwe obwezeretsera, imagwira ntchito, yomwe ndiyofunika kwambiri, ndikupereka kulondola kolondola komanso kubwereza.

FreeStyle Precision NEO ili ndi chiwonetsero chotsutsana kwambiri ndi kuchuluka kwakukulu, imatha kusunga mpaka kuwerengera kwa 1000 ndikuwonetsa zowonetsa zomwe zimakupatsani mwayi kuti mupeze nthawi yomwe kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kumakwera kapena kuchepa. Ogwiritsa ntchito ambiri amasangalala ndi mita iyi chifukwa ndi yosavuta, yomveka, komanso yothandiza. Zotsatira zoyeserera zitha kutsitsidwa pa pulogalamu ya pa webusre ya LibreView, koma ambiri amanyalanyaza izi.

Sikoyenera kukonzanso chipangizochi bokosi lililonse latsopano la FreeStyle Precision NEO, koma chilichonse chimayenera kusasankhidwa padera, zomwe ndi zomwe ambiri amatsutsa. Pali madandaulo pakuwerengedwa kosamveka kapena kuzimitsa mwadzidzidzi kwa chipangizocho.

Tsimikizani

ReliOn Confirm (pafupifupi ma ruble 900) ndiwotsitsansoung'ono komanso wotsika mtengo wa glucometer. Malinga ndikuwunika kwa ogwiritsa ntchito, ndizolondola komanso zimatha kubwereza. Malinga ndi kuyerekezera kwawo, mtengo wapachaka wa ma stround amayesa pafupifupi ma ruble 30,000, omwe ndi ochepa kwambiri kuposa mtengo wazakudya zina za glucometer.

Ntchito za ReliOn Tsimikizirani ndizosavuta: kusungira tsiku ndi nthawi yosanthula, kuwerengera pafupifupi mitengo ndikulemba zotsatira zomwe mwapeza musanadye komanso mutatha kudya. Eni ake ali ndi kudalirika komanso magwiridwe antchito, yosavuta kunyamula, ndi voliyumu yaying'ono ya magazi ofanana ndi 0,3 μl. Ngati zala zanu zikupweteka, ndiye kuti chidacho chimakulolani kuti mugwiritse ntchito dzanja lanu. Mutha kutsitsanso deta ku PC kapena chida chanzeru.

Komabe, ReliOn Tsimikizirani silibwera ndi botolo la yankho lomwe limakupatsani mwayi kuti muwone ngati chipangizocho ndi cholondola. Wopanga amapereka kwaulere, koma ogwiritsa ntchito amakhumudwitsidwa kuti amayembekeza kuti ayambe kubweretsa.

Satellite glucose metres: ndibwino bwanji?

Zipangizo zopangidwa ndi Russiazi zimapanga ndalama kuchokera ku 900 mpaka 1400 rubles. Chosangalatsa kwambiri komanso chamakono kwambiri ndi mtundu wa satellite Express. Chipangizocho chimafunikira nambala yoyesa. Mafuta ofunikira ndi 1 μl. Nthawi yosanthula - 7 s. Ma stroketi a 50 adzafunika ma ruble a 360-500. Mamita ali ndi kukumbukira kukumbukira kwa 60. Katunduyu akuphatikiza mikwingwirima 25, cholembera chopyoza, 25 zopangira, chingwe chowongolera, mlandu, buku lamanja ndi khadi la waranti. Nthawi yotsimikizira - zaka 5.