Shuga wamagazi owopsa - Ngozi Yakufa

Anthu ambiri adamva za matenda ashuga, koma alipo ochepa omwe amatenga matendawa mozama ndikudziwa za zotsatirapo zake.

Matenda a shuga ndi matenda opatsirana kwambiri, nthawi zambiri zizindikiro zake sizigwirizana kwenikweni ndi matendawa, koma amaganiza kuti amangokhala akugwira ntchito, agona kapena awononga poizoni.

Anthu zikwizikwi saganiza kuti akudwala nthendayi.

Kodi “kuwuma” kwa shuga kumatanthauza chiyani?

Kuwonjezeka kwa shuga m'magazi ndi chizindikiro chapadera komanso chofunikira kwambiri cha gawo loyambirira la matendawa. Kafukufuku wazachipatala awonetsa kuti theka la anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga amadziwa za matenda a m'mimba pokhapokha atayamba kupita patsogolo ndikukula kwambiri.

Mlingo wa shuga mthupi uyenera kuyang'aniridwa nthawi zonse ndi anthu omwe akudwala matendawa (kuyeza ndikuyerekeza zizindikiro).

Hormon ya pancreatic monga insulin imagwirizanitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'thupi. Mu matenda a shuga, insulini imapangidwa mwina ochepa kapena ma cell samayankha motero. Kuchulukitsa ndi kutsika kwa shuga m'magazi kumavulaza mthupi chimodzimodzi.

Koma ngati kusowa kwa glucose nthawi zambiri kumatha kuchotsedwa, ndiye kuti kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamagulu kwambiri kumakhala kovuta kwambiri. Pa gawo loyambirira la matendawa, zizindikilo zimatha kuchotsedwa mothandizidwa ndi zakudya zomwe zimagwirizana ndi adokotala ndikuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi moyenera.

Ntchito yofunikira ya shuga m'thupi ndikupereka maselo ndi minyewa yamphamvu kwambiri m'njira zofunika. Thupi limasinthasintha kuchuluka kwa glucose, kukhalabe bwino, koma izi sizigwira ntchito nthawi zonse. Hyperglycemia ndi vuto lomwe likuwonjezera shuga mthupi, ndipo shuga wochepetsedwa amatchedwa hypoglycemia. Anthu ambiri amafunsa funso kuti: "Kodi shuga yochepa bwanji?"

Kuwerengera kwa shuga kwa magazi kwa anthu athanzi:

Koma ndi matenda ashuga, izi zimatha kusiyanasiyana kwambiri m'njira zotsika, komanso m'njira zowonjezera. Chizindikiro chovuta chimawerengedwa ngati mulingo wa shuga pamwamba pa 7.6 mmol / L ndipo m'munsi mwake ndi 2.3 mmol / L, popeza pamlingo uwu njira zosasinthika zimayamba kuyamba.

Koma izi ndizofunikira chabe, chifukwa mwa anthu omwe amakhala ndi shuga yambiri, phindu la chizindikiro cha hypoglycemia limakulanso. Poyamba, imatha kukhala 3,4-4 mmol / L, ndipo patatha zaka 15 imatha kukula mpaka 8-14 mmol / L. Ichi ndichifukwa chake kwa munthu aliyense pali gawo laku kuda nkhawa.

Kodi chomwe chimawonedwa kuti chimafa ndi chiyani?

Palibe tanthauzo lomwe lingatchedwe kuti limupha motsimikiza. M'madera ena odwala matenda ashuga, kuchuluka kwa shuga kumakwera mpaka 15-17 mmol / L ndipo izi zimatha kubweretsa kukomoka kwa hyperglycemic, pomwe ena omwe ali ndi mtengo wapamwamba amamva bwino. Zomwezo zimagwiranso ntchito pakuchepetsa shuga.

Chilichonse ndichachuma payekha ndipo, kuti mudziwe malire omwe amapha komanso ovuta kwa munthu winawake, muyenera kuwunika nthawi zonse kusintha kwa glucose.

Reactive hypoglycemia imadziwika kuti ndi yakufa, chifukwa imayamba pakadutsa mphindi (nthawi zambiri mkati mwa mphindi 2-5). Ngati ma ambulansi saperekedwa nthawi yomweyo, zotsatira zake zimakhala zomvetsa chisoni.

Kusala komwe kumayambitsa matenda ashuga ndi chinthu choopsa komanso chovuta kwambiri chomwe chimalepheretsa njira zonse zofunika.

Mlingo wamagulu owopsa a hypoglycemia

Hypoglycemia ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri m'moyo, ndiko kuponya kwakuthwa kapena kosalala m'magazi. Anthu omwe akumamwa insulini ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga chikomokere kuposa ena. Izi ndichifukwa choti insulini yotengedwa kuchokera kunja imakhudza mwachindunji kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, omwe othandizira a hypoglycemic, mankhwala azakudya, kapena zitsamba satero.

Kuwomba kwakukulu kwa hypoglycemic coma kumabweretsa bongo. Minofu ya muubongo ndimapangidwe ovuta kwambiri, chifukwa ndikuthokoza ubongo kuti munthu amaganiza ndikupanga zinthu mozama, komanso amawongolera thupi lonse pamlingo wothandiza.

Poyembekezera kukomoka (kawirikawiri ndi index ya shuga yopanda 3 mmol), munthu amalowa m'malo osawoneka bwino, chifukwa chake amalephera kuwongolera zochita zake komanso malingaliro omveka. Kenako amadziona kuti wodetsa nkhawa.

Kutalika kwa kukhalabe mdziko lino kutengera zovuta zomwe zili mtsogolomo (zosintha zantchito zokha zidzachitika kapena kuphwanya kwina kwakukulu komwe kumachitika).

Palibe malire ofunika kwenikweni, koma zizindikiro za matendawa ziyenera kuthandizidwa munthawi yake, osanyalanyazidwa. Ndikwabwino kuzikaniza m'nthawi yoyamba kuti mudziteteze ku zovuta zazikulu.

Magawo a maphunziro a hypoglycemia:

1. Gawo zero - kumverera kwanjala. Nthawi yomweyo ndikofunikira kukonza ndikutsimikizira dontho la shuga ndi glucometer.
2. Gawo loyamba - pali kumva kwamphamvu njala, khungu limanyowa, nthawi zambiri limagona, pali chofooka chowonjezereka. Mutu umayamba kupweteka, kugunda kwa mtima kumathandizira, pamakhala mantha, kutsekeka kwa khungu. Kusunthika kumakhala kwachisokonezo, kosalamulirika, kunjenjemera kumawonekera m'mabondo ndi manja.
3. Gawo lachiwiri - vutoli ndi lovuta. Pali kugawanika m'maso, dzanzi lilime, ndi thukuta limakulirakulira. Munthu amakhala wankhanza komanso amachita zinthu zosayenera.
4. Gawo lachitatu ndi gawo lomaliza. Wodwala sangathe kuwongolera zomwe akuchita ndikuzimitsa - kupuma kwa hypoglycemic kumayamba. Thandizo loyamba lakufunika limafunikira (njira ya glucose yolumikizira kapena Glucagon imayendetsedwa kwa kholo pa mlingo wa 1 mg wa munthu wamkulu ndi 0,5 mg kwa mwana).

Chochita ndi chiyambi cha hyperglycemic chikomokere?

Hyperglycemia ndi vuto pamene glucose zomwe zili m'madzi am'magazi zimachuluka kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri, matendawa amakhala ndi matenda osakwanira kapena osakwanira. Ngakhale kuti matendawa sangayambike nthawi yomweyo, kusokonezeka kwa ziwalo zamkati kumachitika pachimake pa 7 mmol / l shuga m'magazi.

Zizindikiro zoyambirira za matendawa zimaphatikizapo kuwoneka kwa ludzu, ziwalo zowuma zamkati ndi khungu, kutopa kwambiri. Pambuyo pake, kuwona kumachepa, kunenepa kumachepa, komanso nseru ndi kusokonekera kumawonekera. Odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga, hyperglycemia imabweretsa kuchepa thupi, komwe kumayambitsa kukomoka.

Ngati wodwala akuwona zizindikiro za hyperglycemia, ndiye kuti ayenera kuwunika kudya kwa insulin ndi mankhwala amkamwa. Ngati palibe kusintha, muyenera kufunsa dokotala.

Kuchipatala, insulin imayendetsedwa kudzera mu kuwunika pafupipafupi kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi (ola lililonse liyenera kuchepa ndi 3-4 mmol / l).

Kenako, voliyumu yamagazi yoyendayenda imabwezeretseka - maola oyamba, malita 1 mpaka 2 amadzibayidwa, m'maola awiri, 500 ml, jekeseni, kenako 250 ml. Zotsatira zake ziyenera kukhala malita 4-5 amadzimadzi.

Pachifukwa ichi, timadzi tokhala ndi potaziyamu ndi zinthu zina, ndi michere yomwe imathandizira kubwezeretsanso kwazinthu zachilendo za osmotic zimayambitsidwa.

Kanema kuchokera kwa katswiri:

Kupewa kwa hypo- ndi hyperglycemia

Popewa matenda akuluakulu a shuga, zotsatirazi ziyenera kuonedwa:

1. Choyamba, kudziwitsa achibale komanso anzanu onse za vuto lanu, kuti pakagwa mwadzidzidzi athandizidwe.
2. Nthawi zonse muziyang'anira shuga.
3. Nthawi zonse muzikhala ndi zinthu zomwe zimakhala ndi chakudya chamagulule - shuga, uchi, msuzi wa zipatso. Mapiritsi a shuga a mankhwala ndi abwino. Zonsezi zidzafunika ngati hypoglycemia iyamba mwadzidzidzi.
4. Onani zakudya. Sankhani zipatso ndi masamba, nyemba, mtedza, tirigu wathunthu.
5. Chitani zolimbitsa thupi.
6. Muzisunga zolemera. Ziyenera kukhala zabwinobwino - izi zipangitsa kuti thupi lizigwiritsa ntchito insulin.
7. Onani momwe ntchito ikuyendera ndikupumula.
8. Penyani kuthamanga kwa magazi anu.
9. Kanani mowa ndi ndudu.
10. Pewani kupsinjika. Zimasokoneza thupi lonse, komanso kukakamira ziwerengerozi kuti zikule.
11. Kuchepetsa kudya kwa mchere - izi zimabwezeretsa kuthamanga kwa magazi kukhala kwazonse ndikuchepetsa nkhawa pa impso.
12. Kuchepetsa kuvutika, monga matenda ashuga, mabala amachira pang'onopang'ono, ndipo chiopsezo chotenga kachilomboka chikuwonjezeka.
13. Nthawi zonse muzichita prophylaxis wokhala ndi mavitamini. Mu matenda a shuga, ndikofunikira kusankha maofesi popanda shuga ndi zina zomwe zimatenga shuga.
14. Pitani kwa dokotala osachepera katatu pachaka. Ngati mumamwa insulini, ndiye kuti nthawi 4 pachaka.
15. Osachepera kamodzi pachaka atayeza mayeso kwathunthu.

Matenda a shuga si sentensi; mutha kuphunzirapo kuti muzikhala ndi moyo wabwino. Ndikoyenera kuyang'anira ndi kusamalira thupi lanu, adzakuyankhaninso chimodzimodzi.

Miyezo yamagazi

Kwa magulu amisinkhu yosiyanasiyana, kuchuluka kwa zofunikira za glucose m'magazi ndizosiyana. Mwachitsanzo, anthu opitilira 40 akhoza kukumana ndi mavuto ndi kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka ziwalo zamkati chifukwa cha ukalamba wachilengedwe. Kusintha kungayambitsenso mimba, makamaka ngati zimachitika zaka 30 kapena kuposerapo.

Mwa achikulire athanzi ndi ana

Malire a shuga mwa munthu wamkulu kapena wamkazi amayamba ndi chizindikiro cha 3.2 ndipo sayenera kupitirira 5.5 mmol / l pamimba yopanda kanthu.

Ngati zitsanzo kuchokera mu mtsempha zimayesedwa, kuyambira 3,7 mpaka 6.1 mmol / L.

Mwa amayi oyembekezera, shuga amatha kuchulukitsidwa pang'ono. Pankhaniyi, zizindikiro kuchokera ku 4.6 mpaka 7.0 mmol / L zimawoneka ngati zabwinobwino. Mfundo zapamwamba zitha kuwonetsa kukula kwa matenda ashuga.

Mndandanda wazizindikiro zakubadwa:

Odwala omwe ali ndi matenda amtundu 1 komanso a 2

Zikachitika kuti, malinga ndi zotsatira za kafukufuku wazinthu zomwe zasonkhanitsidwa pamimba yopanda kanthu, kuchuluka kwa glucose woposa 7.0 mmol / l kwapezeka, izi zimawonetsa kukhalapo kwa prediabetes kapena matenda a shuga mellitus (DM).

Pa mtundu 1 komanso mitundu yachiwiri ya odwala matenda ashuga, kuchuluka kwa shuga kumasiyana malinga ndi zinthu zingapo:

• Kuyeza m'mawa pamimba yopanda kanthu - kuyambira 5.0 mpaka 7.2 mmol / L.
• Kuyeza mphindi 60-120 mutatha kudya - osakwana 10.0 mmol / L.
• Glycated hemoglobin - pansipa 6.7 ndi 7 mmol / L.

Kuti mupeze matenda olondola, kuwunika ndi kachulukidwe kazakudwala nkofunikira.

Kuopsa kopitilira zizindikiro zovomerezeka

Thupi lathanzi limasowa glucose wambiri tsiku lililonse. Zambiri zimachokera kunja kogwiritsa ntchito chakudya.

Glucose ndikofunikira popereka minofu, mafupa ndi maselo aubongo ndi zakudya.

Ndi kuwonjezeka kwa shuga, njirazi zimasokonekera ndipo thupi limayamba kusiya kugwira ntchito yake.

Glucose wovomerezeka amatha kugawidwa m'magulu awiri:

1. hypoglycemia (otsika kwambiri),
2. hyperglycemia (kuthamanga).

Kukula kovomerezeka kumatha kusokoneza thanzi, kuyambika kwa hyperglycemic coma kumawerengedwa kuti ndi chimodzi mwazotsatira zoyipa kwambiri.

Mkulu wama glucose ndi owopsa pazinthu izi:

• Kukula kwa vuto losowa madzi m'thupi kuphatikiza ndi ketoacidosis pakuwonetsa matenda a shuga omwe amadalira insulin. Mkhalidwe uwu ndiwopseza moyo.
• Kukula kwa matenda a shuga (ngati sichinapezeke nawo kale).
• Mukazindikira matenda a shuga omwe amadalira insulin komanso kusowa kwa ketoacidosis, kuchepa kwamphamvu m'modzi kokha ndi komwe kungalembedwe. Mkhalidwe uwu ndiwopseza moyo.
• Ndi matenda akulu a shuga, pali mwayi wopanga ketoacidotic chikomokere.

Zomwe kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi zimawerengedwa kuti ndizowopsa, zowopsa pamoyo, komanso zakupha

Malinga ndi akatswiri ambiri, index ya shuga ya magazi yoposa 10 mmol / L ndiyofunikira kwambiri kwa odwala matenda ashuga.

Ndikofunikira kuti tisalole kuchuluka kwamtunduwu, apo ayi munthu amawopsezedwa ndi hyperglycemia, yomwe palokha imakhala yoopsa.

Kuwopsa kwa moyo kumatha kuganiziridwa ngati kuchuluka kwa shuga kuyambira 13 mpaka 17 mmol / L, chifukwa chakuti m'magazi a odwala matenda ashuga, zomwe amapezeka ndi acetone zimatuluka ndipo ketoacidosis imayamba.

Zimatha kutsogolera kuchepa thupi kwakuthupi chifukwa cha katundu wolemera pamtima ndi impso.

Zizindikiro za glucose, pomwe kupanga zovuta kwambiri kumatha:

• Hyperglycemia - imachitika ndi kuwonjezeka kwa mitengo yoposa 10 mmol / L.
• Precoma - yowerengeredwa kuyambira 13 mmol / L.
• Kukula kwa chikomokere kwa hyperglycemic - kumachitika 15 mmol / L.
• Ketoacidotic chikomokere - chimachokera ku 28 mmol / L.
• Hyperosmolar coma - yowonetsedwa pamitengo kuchokera 55 mmol / L.

Mfundo zomwe zili pamwambazi ndi zongoyerekeza, chifukwa kuphatikiza pamavuto kumawoneka ngati kwamunthu aliyense. Chifukwa chake, mu hyperglycemia ina imatha kuwonedwa pamitengo kuyambira 11 mpaka 12 mmol / L, pomwe ena, kuyambira 17 mmol / L.

Kuopsa kwa vutoli sikungotengera shuga wambiri m'magazi, komanso mtundu wa shuga wololedwa. Chifukwa chake, ndi fomu yodalira insulini, kudziwiratu kwakanthawi kochuluka kwa milingo ya acetone kumawonedwa, zomwe zimathandiza kukulitsa ketoacidosis.Mu mitundu yachiwiri ya odwala matenda ashuga, shuga wambiri samapangitsanso vuto lofananalo, koma amayambitsa kusowa kwamadzi, komwe kumadzetsa chiwopsezo cha moyo.

Powona phindu la glucose kuyambira 28 mpaka 30 mmol / l mwa munthu, ketoacidotic coma imayamba. Kukula kwake kumachitika makamaka pambuyo pa opaleshoni yaposachedwa, matenda opatsirana, kapena chifukwa chovulala kwambiri. Coma imayamba pang'onopang'ono, zizindikiro zake ndi:

• Kukodza pafupipafupi. Kuchuluka kwa mkodzo kumatha kufikira malita atatu patsiku. Chizindikiro ichi chikufotokozedwa ndikuti thupi limayesa kuchotsa ambiri a acetone ndi mkodzo.
• Kuchepetsa mphumu limodzi ndi kusanza.
• Kuchuluka kugona komanso kusowa mphamvu.
• Mpweya wa acetone.
• Kuchepa thupi chifukwa chakukodza kwambiri.
• Kuperewera kwa mpweya chifukwa cha kupuma komanso kupuma kwambiri kumawonekera.
• Kuchulukana kwa khungu ndi kugwirizananso ndi kusisita.

Popitilira shuga, chiwonetsero cha hyperosmolar chikuyamba kukulira, chomwe chimadziwoneka ngati zizindikiro zotsatirazi:

Ngati vuto la hyperosmolar likakanika kufunafuna thandizo munthawi, lingathe kupha. Ngati zoterezi zachitika, kuchipatala kuli kofunikira.

Kuchuluka kwa shuga kumakhudzanso thanzi.

Pali zifukwa zomwe zingayambitse kukula kwa hypoglycemia, monga kuphatikiza kwa insulin yambiri komanso kumwa mankhwala omwe amathandizira kupanga.

Zofananazi zitha kuonedwa mwa anthu odwala matenda ashuga amtundu uliwonse. Kwenikweni, mawonekedwe ake amawonekera muubwana usiku kapena m'mawa. Zizindikiro za hypoglycemia zimaphatikizapo:

• Kuchulukitsa thukuta.
• Kuchuluka kwa mtima.
• Khalidwe lokhumudwitsa.
• Kusanza ndi kusanza.
• Kuda nkhawa.
• Kugwedezeka thupi lonse.
• Kumverera kwanjala kosatha.
• Kusokonekera kwa mawu.
• Khungu pakhungu.
• Kutupa m'miyendo ndi manja.
• Zofooka.
• Kuwona kawiri komanso zowonongeka zina.
• Mantha osaneneka a mantha.
• Kusokonezeka m'malo.
• Ululu m'mutu.
• Chisokonezo.
• Kulephera kuganiza.
• Wodwala.

Kupezeka kwa zinthu ngati izi kumafunikiranso kuchipatala mwachangu kuti mumathandizire kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osiyanasiyana omwe angakulitse shuga mthupi m'nthawi yochepa.

Mulingo wochepera 2.8 mmol / L mu mankhwala amadziwika kuti ndi hypoglycemia. Komabe, mtengo uwu ukhoza kuonedwa kokha mwa anthu athanzi, chifukwa kwa odwala matenda ashuga chizindikiro ichi chimatha kupha.

Pazipita shuga - momwe mungachepetse

Matenda a shuga amawopa mankhwalawa, ngati moto!

Muyenera kungolemba ...

Kuti muthandizidwe koyamba kwa matenda oyamba a hyperglycemic chikomokere, kusanza, kusanza), makulidwe amodzi a insulin yocheperako amasonyezedwa.

Njira yomwe ingagwiritsidwe ntchito kunyumba ikhoza kuchitidwa kawiri, ngati zotsatira zake kulibe, muyenera kuyimbira foni ambulansi. Ndi kuchepa kwamphamvu kwa glucose, ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito chakudya cham'mimba.

Ngati pakulimbikitsa kusanza, muyenera kumwa tiyi wokoma.

Mlingo wofunikira amawerengedwa kutengera kukhalapo kwa acetone m'mwazi. Njira yosavuta yosinthira ndiyo kukhazikitsidwa kowonjezera kwa 1 unit ya insulini makamaka pamene ndende ya shuga ikuchulukitsidwa ndi 1.5-2,5 mamilimita. Ngati acetone wapezeka m'magazi, ndiye kuti mankhwalawa amayenera kuwiriridwa kawiri.

Aliyense wodwala matenda ashuga ayenera kutsatira malamulo angapo kuti apewe kuchuluka kwa shuga kapena kuletsa kukula kwa chikondwerero:

• Dzikonzereni shuga.
• Khalani ndi moyo wathanzi komanso wakhama, kuphatikizapo kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse.
• Osamadya chakudya chamafuta othamanga mwachangu chokhazikika.
• Kanani nikotini ndi mowa.
• Mutha kuwerengera kuchuluka kwa insulini nokha.
• Khalani ndi mita ya shuga kunyumba.
• Wunikirani mtundu ndi mtundu wa insulin, shuga.

Njira Zowongolera Mimba Kwambiri

Ngati zizindikiro zosowa zam'mimba zimapezeka mwa mayi woyembekezera, titha kukambirana za momwe matenda a shuga amuyenerera. Izi, monga lamulo, zimasowa pambuyo pobadwa mwana, koma nthawi zina zimatha kusintha mtundu wa matenda ashuga a 2.

Malangizo pothana ndi shuga wamkulu panthawi yapakati:

• Zolimbitsa thupi zolimbitsa thupi. Pankhaniyi, masewera sangathe kugawidwa ndi, komabe, chisamaliro chimayenera kutengedwa nthawi yapakati. Kuchita maphunziro sikungathandize kuchotsa shuga wambiri wamagazi, komanso kufulumizitsa kagayidwe, kusintha mkhalidwe wa thupi ndikuwotcha zopatsa mphamvu zochulukirapo.
• Pewani chakudya chamafulumira chama zakudya ndikusinthira ku chakudya choyenera, chomwe chitha kuthandizidwa ndi katswiri wazakudya.
• Jakisoni wa insulin. Tiyenera kudziwa kuti njirayi imagwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha ngati chakudya chokhazikika komanso maphunziro sizinabweretse zotsatira zomwe mukufuna.

Mukamachiza ndi insulin, ndikofunikira kuyang'anira shuga yanu yamagazi. Itha kutsimikizika osati kuchipatala, komanso kunyumba mothandizidwa ndi chipangizo - glucometer. Mchitidwewo umachitika kangapo patsiku ndipo zomwe zapezazo zikuyenera kulembedwa kuti ziwawonetsetse dokotala ku phwando.

Kukula kapena kutsika kwamphamvu kwa shuga m'magazi ndi chinthu chowopsa pamoyo. Pamafunika kuchitapo kanthu mwachangu. Izi ndizowona makamaka kwa odwala matenda ashuga, omwe ali ndi vuto losinthasintha mwatsatanetsatane. Ndiye chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti awunikire kuchuluka kwa shuga ndikuwukhazikika panthawi yake.

Zochita za wodwalayo komanso anthu ena omwe ali ndi vuto la hypoglycemia

Kusakwanira kwa wodwalayo kumadziwonetsera yekha mu maloto ngati njira zovuta, chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kuti mumudzutse ndikumwa madzi otsekemera. Imbani ambulansi. Pangani shuga. Wodwala matenda ashuga ayenera kukhala ndi maswiti okhala ndi shuga wowona ali pafupi. Zipatso zokoma sizili zothandiza kuchepetsa vuto la kuukiridwa, njira yopezera shuga kuchokera ku zipatso ndiyitali. Ma paramedics okha ndi omwe angaimitse kaye matenda a wodwalayo pothandizidwa ndi shuga wambiri.

Wodwala matenda ashuga ayenera kusamala kwambiri panthawi yolimbitsa thupi. Osamamwa mankhwala ochepetsa shuga komanso mowa nthawi yomweyo.

Shuga wopitilira 20

Ndi matenda a shuga, kuyang'anira shuga nthawi zonse ndikofunikira. Mlingo wovuta kwambiri wa shuga ndi kuyamba kwayamba kusintha kosasintha m'thupi la munthu. Kuchulukitsidwa kwakanthawi kochepa ndi koopsa ndi zovuta zomwe zimachitika nthawi yomweyo, ndipo kuthamanga kwa shuga kokwanira kumabweretsa kuwonongeka kwamitsempha yamagazi ndi ziwalo. Ndikofunikira kudziwa zomwe zili wamba, komanso zomwe zimawonetsa kuti shuga ndizovuta.

Mlingo wa shuga

Mu thupi lathanzi, kuchuluka kwa glucose m'magazi (pamimba yopanda kanthu) sikuyenera kukhala okwera kuposa 3.5-5,5 mmol. Mukatha kudya, mtengo wake umachuluka ndipo sayenera kupitirira 7.8 mmol. Zizindikiritso izi ndi gawo lachipatala lomwe limakhazikitsidwa nthawi zonse pazinthu zamagazi zomwe zimatengedwa kuchokera chala. M'magazi a venous, gawo lovomerezeka lidzakhala lokwera - 6.1 mmol pamimba yopanda kanthu, komanso imawoneka yabwinobwino.

Mlingo wa shuga kwa odwala matenda ashuga sungafanenso kuchuluka kwa momwe shuga amuchotsera mkodzo.

8-11 mmol imawerengedwa ngati kuwonjezeka pang'ono, shuga ya magazi 17 ndi gawo labwino, shuga wamagazi 26 ndi gawo lovuta la hypoglycemia.

Kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kumapangitsa kuti thupi lizigwira ntchito bwino, zomwe zimabweretsa zovuta zosasinthika. Malingaliro a shuga wamagazi, malinga ndi chikhalidwe cha msinkhu, akuwonetsedwa patebulopo.

Zomwe Zimayambitsa ndi Zizindikiro Zowonjezera

Kuwonjezeka kwa kutentha kumatha kuyambitsa shuga m'magazi.

Matenda a shuga sindicho chokha chomwe chikuwonjezera kuchuluka kwaz shuga.

Kupsinjika, nkhawa, kutenga pakati, matenda osiyanasiyana amatha kukulitsa shuga. Kupatuka kunthawi zambiri kumalumikizidwa ndi kuphwanya kwamakanidwe a chakudya.

Pankhaniyi, madokotala azindikira zifukwa zingapo zazikulu zomwe zimatha kukweza shuga mwachidule mpaka 20 kapena kuposa:

• kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi
• kumangokhala
• kutentha kuwonjezeka
• ululu
• kusuta fodya komanso mowa
• malingaliro osalamulirika.

Mavuto azaumoyo omwe amayambitsidwa ndi kusintha kwa ma pathological mu magwiridwe amkati mwazomwe zimapangitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga. Amagawika m'magulu, kutengera gawo lomwe lawonongeka:

• ziwalo zam'mimba,
• chiwindi
• zotupa za endocrine
• kusakwanitsa kwa mahomoni.

Kuti muchepetse chizindikirocho, ndikofunikira kupeza chifukwa chake ndikuwonjezera.

Zizindikiro

Shuga wokwezeka nthawi zonse amatsogolera pakutha mphamvu kwa wodwala.

Ndikotheka kudziwa chizindikiro chokha pofufuza magazi omwe atengedwa pamimba yopanda kanthu. Kukhala ndi shuga wambiri mwa munthu kumapangitsa thanzi labwino, kumayambitsa zizindikiro:

• kutaya mphamvu
• ulesi
• dzanzi m'm miyendo
• kulakalaka
• ludzu losalekeza
• kukodza pafupipafupi
• kuchepa thupi
• Khungu loyera ndi zotupa,
• mabala ochiritsa bwino
• kunachepetsa chilakolako cha kugonana.

Ndimayeso ati omwe amafunikira?

Kuti adziwe kuchuluka kwa shuga, magazi amatengedwa kuchokera pachala. Kusanthula kungatengedwe ku chipatala, kapena mutha kugwiritsa ntchito mita kuchititsa maphunziro kunyumba. Kuti tsatanetsataneyu azidziwike, ndikofunikira kuzindikira momwe zinthu ziliri asanakonzedwe:

• Kuyeza kwa zizindikiro kuyenera kuchitika pamimba yopanda kanthu. Osachepera maola 10 magazi asanaloledwe.
• Sikulimbikitsidwa kuyambitsa zakudya zatsopano muzakudya.
• Pewani kukhumudwa komanso yesetsani kupewa kuchita mantha.
• Zotsatira zolondola kwambiri, kupumula komanso kugona mokwanira ndizofunikira.

Ngati, chifukwa cha kusanthula, shuga ndi wopitilira chizindikiro chofunikira, dokotala amayambitsa kafukufuku wowonjezera - kuwunika kwa shuga. Amakhala ndikumwa magazi pamimba yopanda kanthu ndikuyamwa kachiwiri nditamwa madzi ndi shuga. 7 mmol pamimba yopanda kanthu ndi malire ndipo imawerengedwa kuti ndi vuto, ndipo madzi akumwa ataloledwa, kuchuluka kwa shuga kwamwazi kumayambira pa 7.8 mpaka 11.1 mmol.

Ndi kuwonjezeka kwadzidzidzi

Ngati pali shuga wambiri, ndiye kuti wodwala amatha kukomoka.

Ndi kuchuluka kwambiri kwa shuga, kukomoka kumatha kuchitika, ketoacidosis ndi chikomokere (shuga m'magazi 21 mmol kapena kuposerapo) kumatha, kukulira poyambira kuwonongeka kwa dongosolo lamanjenje lamkati.

Chikomokere chimadziwika ndi anthu ambiri omwalira, motero vutoli limafunikira kuchipatala msanga. Zizindikiro zomwe zimayambitsa kupsa mtima:

• kuchuluka kwamikodzo mpaka malita 3-4 patsiku,
• ludzu lamkati ndi pakamwa lowuma
• kufooka, kupweteka mutu.

Ngati simukuthandizira pa nthawi yake, lolani:

• zopinga zoletsa
• kuzindikira kwambiri
• zovuta zamanjenje,
• kugona kwambiri.

Ngati shuga ndi magawo 28, koma palibe chizindikiro cha ketoacidosis, chikomokere cha hyperosmolar chimayamba.

Kukhalitsa kwa nthawi yayitali

Hyperglycemia ndi chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa glucose komwe kumakhalapo kwanthawi yayitali. Zimagwira ntchito yamoyo yonse. Zotsatira zotsatirazi zimawerengedwa kuti ndi zowopsa:

Ngati shuga amakhalabe okwera kwa nthawi yayitali, ndiye kuti imakhudza masomphenya, ndikupangitsa khungu.

• chiwonongeko chamkono cha m'maso, chomwe chingapangitse kuti anthu asaone bwino,
• kuwonongeka kwamitsempha yamagazi ndi mitsempha (kugunda kwamtima, phazi la matenda ashuga),
• kuwonongeka kosasinthika kwa ma nephrons (fyuluta ya impso).

Zoyenera kuchita

Ngati mulingo wa shuga m'magazi uposa malire ovomerezeka kwa nthawi yoyamba, simuyenera kupanga chisankho chakuchepetsa payekhapayekha. Ndikofunika kufunsa mwachangu kwa dokotala yemwe akupatseni mankhwala.

Ngati dokotala wapezeka kale, ndiye kuti kusintha kwa glucose kumayendetsa insulini. Koma ndikofunikira kukumbukira kuti shuga iyenera kutsikira pang'onopang'ono, kotero ma insulin jabs ayenera kukhala ochepa. Musaiwale zakufunika kokwanira kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa madzimadzi.

Ngati kuyesayesa sikubweretsa kutsitsika komwe kukufunikira, onetsetsani kuti mukuyimbira ambulansi.

Mulingo wovuta kapena shuga m'magazi: shuga yayikulu kwambiri ndi uti

Mlingo wovuta wamagazi umatanthauzira ku vuto lalikulu lomwe anthu omwe ali ndi carbohydrate metabolism, makamaka matenda a shuga, amakumana nawo.

Kuzunzidwa kwa shuga sikokhazikika. Kusintha kwake kumatha kuchitika chifukwa cha zolimbitsa thupi komanso matenda.

Zophwanya zilizonse zimawonedwa kuti ndizowopsa, zimawopseza thanzi la munthu komanso moyo.

Zimayambitsa Kukwera Kwakukulu ndi Kutsika

Pali zifukwa zambiri zomwe zimapangitsa kuti shuga achulukane kuposa masiku onse. Agawidwa m'magulu:

Otsatirawa amatengedwa ngati athupi:

• kupsinjika kwakukulu
• kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi, kudya zakudya zambiri ufa,
• PMS mwa amayi (premenstrual syndrome),
• mimba
• kuchira nthawi pambuyo matenda.

Zinthu izi nthawi zambiri zimapangitsa kuti shuga awonjezeke kwakanthawi kochepa, zomwe zimatanthauzira kubwezerera kwathupi kwa thupi.

Mndandanda wazomwe zimayambitsa matenda ndizambiri.

Matenda omwe amaphatikizidwa ndi kuchuluka kwa shuga ndi monga:

• mtundu woyamba ndi wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga
• matenda a shuga
• mimba toxicosis,
• kulephera kupuma kwa akhanda,
• kuperewera kwa insulin,
• zotupa zapachifuwa,
• njira za autoimmune zogwirizana ndi kupanga ma antibodies kuti azipanga insulini yawoyawo,
• matenda a chiwindi
• sepsis
• matenda a impso, makamaka kulephera kwa impso,
• zilonda zam'mimba.

Glucose amatenga nawo mbali zambiri mthupi la munthu. Chifukwa chake, matenda ambiri atha kubweretsa ku chenicheni chakuti kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kumadziwika.

Zotsatirazi zimayambitsa kutsika kwa shuga:

• mankhwala osokoneza bongo ochepetsa shuga, makamaka a insulin,
• kupsinjika
• kuchuluka katundu
• kupsinjika mtima
• kudya ndi zakudya
• kusowa kwa adrenal ndi pituitary timadzi kupanga,
• matenda amanjenje,
• matenda am'mimba,
• chotupa cham'mimba.

Kuongolera shuga ndende kumachitika chifukwa cha magwiridwe antchito a mahomoni - cortisol, adrenaline, insulin, glucagon ndi thyroxine. Zosemphana zilizonse zimayambitsa vuto monga shuga wochepa kapena wotsika kwambiri.

Mlingo wa shuga m'magazi a anthu, kutengera chizindikiro, ungafanane ndi izi:

Magazi a shuga:

Gawo lofunikira kwambiri la glucose ndi 2.8 mmol / L. Ndizowopsa ndi kuwonjezeka kwazizindikiro komanso kukula kwa chikomokere. Mulingo wambiri wa glucose komwe masinthidwe osasintha amasintha m'thupi ndi 7.8 mmol / L. Kudutsa kumeneku kumatha kuonedwa ngati kofunika.

Kupitilira chizindikirochi kumabweretsa kuwonongeka kwamkati, mitsempha yamagazi, maso, minofu yamtima ndi minyewa yamanjenje. Acetone imawonekera mkodzo ndi magazi, zomwe zimawopseza thanzi ndi moyo.

Zomwe anthu amachita shuga wambiri ndizosiyana. Anthu ena salekerera ngakhale kusinthasintha kwakukulu, pomwe ena amafunikira chisamaliro chadzidzidzi akafika pamtunda wapamwamba kwambiri.

Odwala omwe ali ndi matenda oopsa, makamaka matenda a shuga, shuga wambiri amatha kukhala ochulukirapo kuposa momwe amapangira.Ndikofunika kuthandizanso munthawi yake kuti mupewe zovuta kwambiri - hypoglycemic coma.

Vutoli limatha kuchitika pakagwidwa shuga wambiri wa 15-17 mmol / l.

Zizindikiro zakukwera ndi kutsika kwa shuga, chisamaliro chodzidzimutsa

Ndikofunikira kudziwa zomwe zizindikiro zimasiyanitsa ndi shuga wambiri ndi hyperglycemic (ketoacidotic, hyperosmolar) coma kuti athandizidwe omwe akukhudzidwawo.

Zowonetsa za hyperglycemia:

• • Kuzindikira kwa shuga mu mkodzo,
  • ludzu kwambiri
  • kufooka koopsa
  • khungu lowuma,
  • polyuria - mapangidwe a mkodzo ochuluka,
  • kupuma movutikira
  • miyendo yanjenjemera
  • kamwa yowuma
  • kusanza ndi kusanza,
  • mbali zakuthwa

• Kusazindikira bwino komanso kulankhula kumawonetsa vuto.

Ndi kuwonongeka kwina, mawonetsedwe owonjezera amalowa. Kukula kwa shuga kumachitika nthawi zambiri pang'onopang'ono.

Ndikofunikira kuzindikira hyperglycemia munthawi yake, kotero kuti wodwala amapatsidwa chithandizo chanthawi yake kuti asafe.

Pozindikira izi, ndikofunikira kuyimba ambulansi mwachangu ndikudziwa kuchuluka kwa shuga pogwiritsa ntchito glucometer.

Monga gawo loyamba lothandizira la hyperglycemia, kungoyendetsa insulin kokha. Pakuwerengera kolondola kwa dokotalayo, lamulo liyenera kukumbukiridwa: magawo awiri a insulin amaperekedwa pa 2 mmol / L mopitilira muyeso. Ngati acetone iwoneka mkodzo, ndiye kuti mlingo wa insulin umachulukitsa nthawi ziwiri. Kuti mupeze acetone mu mkodzo, kugwiritsa ntchito zingwe zoyeserera kukuwonetsedwa.

Zofunika! Ngati mulingo wa shuga utachepa pambuyo pakukonzekera kwa insulini, wodwalayo ayenera kupatsidwa chakudya chomwe chitha kuzamwa msanga. Iyi ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yopeweretsera hypoglycemia.

Mavuto oopsa a hyperglycemia:

• hyperglycemic chikomokere,
• kuwonongeka kwa mtima
• kagayidwe kachakudya matenda
• kusowa kwamadzi,
• imfa ya womenyedwayo.

Mawonetsedwe ena a hypoglycemia:

• kukomoka mtima,
• kuzizira
• kunjenjemera miyendo,
• mantha
• kutuluka thukuta kwambiri
• nkhalwe
• kumva njala yayikulu,
• kufooka, pafupi kusoŵa mphamvu kwathunthu,
• chizungulire.

Kusiyana pakati pa hypoglycemia ndikoyamba kwadzidzidzi kwamatenda, kuwonjezeka kwazizindikiro komanso kukulira kwa mkhalidwe. Poyembekezera zizindikiro zoyambirira za hypoglycemia, perekani chakudya kwa munthu wovulalayo kapena madzi, thanani ndi chithandizo chodzidzimutsa mwadzidzidzi kwa mphindi zingapo.

Mavuto oopsa a hypoglycemia:

• hypoglycemic coma,
• kuwonongeka kwa ubongo
• imfa ya wodwala.

Kuchotsera munthu mu vuto la hypoglycemia kumakhala kovuta kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, chisamaliro chikuyenera kuchitika mosamala kwambiri.

Shuga wochepa wamagazi (hypoglycemia): Zizindikiro, zimayambitsa, chithandizo

Pali zifukwa zambiri zochepetsera shuga wamagazi (kapena hypoglycemia), ndipo vutoli limatsatiridwa ndi zingapo zosasangalatsa, ndipo mwazoopsa, zizindikiro zowopsa.

Amawonetsedwa kuchepa kwamphamvu kwa glucose ndipo amatha kuwunika onse odwala omwe ali ndi matenda osokoneza bongo, komanso anthu athanzi, kapena matenda ena.

Nthawi zina, kutsitsa shuga sikuli koopsa, koma ndi hypoglycemia yayikulu, wodwalayo amatha kukhala ndi vuto lowopsa ngati chikwangwani cha hypoglycemic.

Mutu wa buku lino sudzathandiza kwa anthu odwala matenda ashuga okha, komanso osadwala matendawa. Munkhaniyi, tikufotokozerani za zomwe zimayambitsa, zomwe zimayambitsa, ndi njira zochizira hypoglycemia.

Izi zitha kukhala zothandiza kwa inu, ndipo mudzatha kupewa zovuta ndi zotsatirazi zomwe zimabweretsa, kapena mudzatha kupereka thandizo kwa wokondedwa amene akudwala matenda a shuga.

Chimodzi mwazifukwa zochepetsera shuga ndi njira yovuta ya matenda ashuga. Vutoli limatha kupezeka pafupifupi odwala onse omwe ali ndi matendawa. Zinthu zotsatirazi zitha kuyambitsa mkwiyo:

• mankhwala osokoneza bongo a insulini kapena shuga ochepetsa shuga kuchokera pagulu la sulfonylureas kapena ma buganides, meglitidines (Chlorpropamide, Tolbutamide, Maninil, Amaryl, Novonorm, Hexal, Metformin, Siofor, etc.),
• kusala
• kuphwanya zakudya
• nthawi yayitali pakudya
• matenda a impso ndi chiwindi
• matenda opatsirana pachimake
• kulimbitsa thupi kwambiri,
• kumwa mankhwala akuluakulu.

Chovuta chofananacho cha odwala ena omwe ali ndi matenda osokoneza bongo, omwe amatsogolera kuchepa kwa shuga, ndi kuphatikiza kwa kutenga insulin kapena othandizira a hypoglycemic ndi njira zina zochepetsera shuga. Izi zikuphatikiza:

• kukulitsa mphamvu ya kutsika kwa shuga kwa nthakayo: clover, tsamba la bay, masamba a nyemba, udzu wa dandelion, lingonberry ndi masamba a mabulosi, udzu wa burdock, maluwa a linden, blackcurrant, rosehip ndi zipatso za hawthorn, udzu wa chicory,
• masamba omwe amachepetsa shuga ndi masamba: parsley, horseradish, dzungu, sipinachi, tebulo, adyo, biringanya, anyezi, letesi, phwetekere, nkhaka, kabichi yoyera, tsabola wazipilala, katsitsumzukwa, zukini, radishi, Yerusalemu artichoke,
• zipatso zothetsa shuga ndi zipatso: zipatso za malalanje, mabulosi abulu, mitundu yaiwisi ya maapulo kapena mapeyala, mabulosi akuda, lingonberries, phulusa lamapiri, viburnum, zinanazi, rasipiberi, mabulosi amajinja.

Pogwiritsa ntchito ndalamazi kuti muchepetse kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, wodwalayo nthawi zonse azigwirizana ndi dokotala komanso kuyang'anira kuchuluka kwa shuga pogwiritsa ntchito mita ya shuga m'magazi.

Choyambitsa china cha hypoglycemia chimatha kukhala pancreatic neoplasm, yomwe imatha kupanga insulin - insulinoma. Chotupachi chikuyambitsa kuchuluka kwambiri kwa insulin, komwe "kumalowa" shuga m'magazi ndikupangitsa kutsika kwake.

Kuphatikiza pa matenda awa, kuchepa kwa shuga m'magazi kumatha kuchitika chifukwa cha zovuta ndi mikhalidwe:

• matenda oopsa a chiwindi
• mawonekedwe atakhala m'matumbo kapena m'mimba,
• kuperewera kwa michere yomwe imakhudza kagayidwe kazakudya,
• matenda a hypothalamus ndi pituitary gland,
• matenda a adrenal glands.

Mwa anthu athanzi, kuchepa kwa shuga m'magazi kumatha chifukwa cha izi:

• Mimba ndi kuyamwa
• kulimbitsa thupi kwambiri,
• kudya pafupipafupi komanso zakudya zopatsa thanzi,
• zakudya zopanda pake, zakudya zopanda pake kapena kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi.

Mwa anthu athanzi, Zizindikiro zakuchepa kwa shuga m'magazi zimayamba kuonekera 3.3 mmol / L, ndipo odwala omwe ali ndi matenda osokoneza bongo amawoneka kale, chifukwa thupi lawo limagwiritsidwa ntchito kale kuti azikhala ndi hyperglycemia.

Wodwala yemwe akudwala matendawa kwa nthawi yayitali, zizindikiro zoyambirira zitha kuwoneka ndi kulumpha lakuthwa muzizindikiro za glucose (mwachitsanzo, kuyambira 20 mpaka 10 mmol / l). Ana ndi gulu lapadera la odwala matenda a shuga omwe samvera kwenikweni shuga.

Samamva nthawi yoyamba izi, ndipo makolo kapena madokotala omwe akukayikira kuyambika kwa hypoglycemia amayenera kugwiritsa ntchito glucometer kuti idziwe.

Kuopsa kwa zizindikiro zakuchepetsa shuga m'magazi kumatha kugawidwa m'magawo atatu: ofatsa, odziletsa komanso owopsa.

Zizindikiro zakuchepa pang'ono kwa shuga mpaka 3.3 mmol / L ndi:

• chizungulire ndi mutu
• mantha
• kufooka
• kunjenjemera m'thupi
• thukuta kwambiri
• pang'ono nseru
• njala yayikulu
• masomphenya osalala.

Zizindikiro zakucheperachepera kwamasewera a shuga kupita ku 2.2 mmol / L ndi awa:

• kusakhazikika
• kulephera kulolera
• kumverera kwadzidzidzi poyimirira kapena mutakhala,
• kuchedwa kuyankhula
• minofu kukokana
• kulira kopanda nzeru, kupsa mtima kapena kukwiya.

Zizindikiro zakuchepa kwambiri kwa shuga m'magazi m'munsimu 1.1 mmol / L ndi awa:

• kutaya chikumbumtima (hypoglycemic coma),
• kulanda
• sitiroko
• imfa (nthawi zina).

Nthawi zina dontho la shuga limachitika usiku ukagona. Mutha kumvetsetsa kuti munthu amene wagona wayamba hypoglycemia ndi izi:

• kuwoneka kwamaphokoso achilendo
• nkhawa
• atagwa mwangozi kapena kuyesera kuti atuluke,
• kuyenda mu loto
• thukuta kwambiri
• zolota.

Ndi vuto la usiku la hypoglycemia, munthu amatha kumva kupweteka mutu m'mawa.

Zizindikiro zakukula kwa hypoglycemic syndrome

Zizindikiro za hypoglycemia zimachulukirachulukira ndipo zimapangitsa kuti anthu asamavutike kudziwa.

Ndi kuchepa kwambiri kwa shuga m'magazi, wodwalayo amakhala ndi hypoglycemic syndrome.

Nthawi yomweyo, zizindikiro za hypoglycemia zimachulukana mwachangu kuposa kuchepa kwa chizindikirochi.

Ichi ndichifukwa chake, kwa chithandizo choyamba, wodwala aliyense yemwe ali ndi matenda ashuga ayenera kunyamula shuga kapena maswiti komanso cholembera cha syringe ndi glucagon.

Momwemo, maphunziro a hypoglycemic syndrome amatha kugawidwa m'magawo anayi akuluakulu.

Gawo lachinayi

• Kugwedezeka m'thupi lonse komanso kupindika, kenako ndikugwidwa.
• kutayika kwamaso
• kukomoka komanso kukomoka.

Magawo oyamba a hypoglycemic syndrome nthawi zambiri amakhala oopsa bongo ndipo samasiya zotsatira zosasintha.

Ndi kuyambika kwa kuchepa komanso kusowa kwa thandizo la panthawi yake komanso yoyenera, sizotheka kuchepa kukumbukira komanso luso la luntha, komanso chiyambi cha zotsatira zoyipa.

Kuthana ndi zizindikiro za hypoglycemia, thandizo liyenera kuperekedwa mkati mwa mphindi 10-15. Zakudya zotsatirazi zimatha kuthetsa kuukira mkati mwa mphindi 5 mpaka 10:

• shuga - supuni 1-2,
• uchi - supuni ziwiri
• caramel - 1-2 ma PC.,
• mandimu kapena chakumwa china chotsekemera - 200 ml,
• madzi a zipatso - 100 ml.

Kuyamba koteroko kwakanthawi kwamankhwala nthawi zambiri kumathandizira kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi ndipo kumalepheretsa kukula kwowonekera kwambiri kwa matendawa. Pambuyo pa izi, wodwalayo amalangizidwa kuti athetse zomwe zimayambitsa hypoglycemia (kudya chakudya, kukana chakudya chotopetsa kapena chosakonzeka, kumwa insulin yayikulu, etc.).

Thandizo loyamba la hypoglycemic syndrome

Ndi chitukuko cha hypoglycemic syndrome, mkhalidwe wa wodwalayo umasintha mwachangu kwambiri ndipo thandizo liyenera kuperekedwa nthawi yomweyo (ngakhale gulu la ambulansi lisanachitike). Muli zinthu zotsatirazi:

1. Ikani wodwalayo pamalo oyimirira ndikukweza miyendo yake.
2. Imbani ambulansi, kuti mudziwe zomwe zingayambitse kuyimbira foni.
3. Vulani zovala zomwe zimapumira.
4. Patsani mpweya wabwino.
5. Patsani kuti mutenge maswiti okhala ngati zakumwa.
6. Ngati wodwalayo wataya chikumbumtima, ndiye kuti ndi kofunikira kuti mutembenukire kumbali yake (kuteteza kutsitsa lilime ndi asphyxiation ndi masanzi), ndikuyika maswiti (mwanjira ya shuga, etc.) kuseri kwa tsaya.
7. Ngati pali syringe chubu ndi Glucagon, gwiritsani 1 ml subcutaneally kapena intramuscularly.

Gulu la ambulansi limapanga jakisoni wambiri wa shuga 40% ndikuyambitsa kukoka kwa shuga 5%. Zitatha izi, wodwalayo amatengedwera kumalo osungirako odwala kwambiri ndipo mankhwala owonjezera amatha kuthandizidwa pakusuntha.

Chithandizo cha odwala ndi hypoglycemic chikomokere

Pambuyo kuchipatala, wodwalayo amakhala ndi ma catheters awiri: mtsempha wa mkodzo ndi mkodzo. Pambuyo pake, diuretics imayambitsidwa kuti iteteze matenda a edema. Poyamba, osmotic diuretics (Mannitol kapena Mannitol) amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Emergency diuretics (Furosemide) ndi mankhwala pambuyo pake.

Insulin yogwira ntchito mwachidule imangoperekedwa mothandizidwa ndi shuga wamagazi. Mankhwalawa amayamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha pali chizindikiro cha glucose monga 13-17 mmol / L, chifukwa kuyambitsa kwake koyambirira kungayambitse kuyambika kwa chiwopsezo chatsopano cha hypoglycemic syndrome komanso kuyambika kwa chikomokere.

Wodwalayo adayesedwa kuti ayesedwe ndi katswiri wa zamitsempha ndi wamtima pazantchito, yemwe amayesa ECG ndi electroencephalogram. Zomwe mwaphunzirazi zikutipatsa mwayi wolosera zam'tsogolo komanso kusintha momwe tingalandire chithandizo.

Atasiya chikomokere, wodwalayo amayang'aniridwa nthawi zonse, ndipo endocrinologist amasintha njira zake zamankhwala ndikudya kudzera pamawu omwe amapezeka kuchokera ku maphunziro a labotale ndi othandizira. Pa gawo lomaliza la mankhwalawa, wodwalayo amapatsidwa mankhwala othandizira kupatsanso madzi m'thupi komanso kuchotsa magazi m'thupi, omwe amachepetsa acetone m'magazi ndikubwezeretsanso madzi otayika.

Asanatuluke kuchipatala, wodwalayo amapatsidwa uphungu wa akatswiri osiyanasiyana owoneka bwino, omwe amalola kuti adziwe zovuta zonse za hypoglycemic coma - ngozi ya ubongo, kukula kwa kulowerera kwa myocardial kapena stroko, kuchepa kwa luntha, umunthu umasintha.

Kodi ndiyenera kupita kwa dokotala uti?

Ndi chizindikiro chocheperako cha shuga m'magazi, endocrinologist ayenera kuthandizidwa. Kuti achite mayeso a wodwala, adokotala adzalembera mayeso ofunika a labotale komanso maphunziro othandizira.

Endocrinologist E. Struchkova amalankhula za hypoglycemia:

Mwazi wamagazi ochepa, Zizindikiro komanso chithandizo: Mwazi wambiri: zoyambitsa, chithandizo ndi njira zamkaka
Tikutsegula ...

Mlingaliro wovuta shuga

Chizolowezi cha shuga m'magazi nthawi zambiri chimakhala mamilimita 5.5 pa lita imodzi, ndipo muyenera kuyang'ana mukamawerenga zotsatira za kuyezetsa magazi kwa shuga.

Ngati tikulankhula za kufunika kwakuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, ndiye ichi ndi chisonyezo choposa 7.8 mmol. Ponena za otsika - lero ndi chithunzi pansipa 2.8 mmol.

Ndipokhapokha mutatha kukwaniritsa izi m'thupi la munthu momwe zosintha zosinthika zimayamba.

Mlingo wovuta wa shuga wa ma millimales a 15-17 pa lita imodzi amabweretsa kukula kwa chikomokere cha hyperglycemic, pomwe zomwe zimapangitsa kukula kwake mwa odwala ndizosiyana.

Chifukwa chake, anthu ena, ngakhale amakhala ndi mitengo yokwana mamiliyoni 17 pa lita imodzi, amamva bwino ndipo samawonetsa kuwonongeka kulikonse mu chikhalidwe chawo.

Ndi chifukwa chomwechi kuti zamankhwala zangokhala ndi zikhalidwe zongoyerekeza zomwe zitha kuzimidwa kuti zitha kupha anthu.

Ngati tizingolankhula za zovuta zakusintha kwa shuga m'magazi, ndiye choyipitsitsa kwambiri ndi kuperewera kwa magazi.

Wodwala akapezeka ndi matenda a shuga omwe amadalira insulin, amatha kuyamba kutaya madzi mthupi limodzi ndi ketoacidosis.

Ngati matenda ashuga samadalira insulin, ketoacidosis sikuchitika, ndipo kuchepa kwamphamvu kumodzi komwe kumatha kupezeka mwa wodwala. Mulimonsemo, zonsezi zingathe kumuopseza wodwalayo.

Ngati wodwala akudwala kwambiri, pamakhala chiwopsezo chokhala ndi vuto la ketaciodic, lomwe nthawi zambiri limatchedwa motsutsana ndi chiyambi cha matenda oyamba omwe amapezeka motsutsana ndi matenda opatsirana. Nthawi zambiri cholimbikitsira chimatsitsidwa ndimwazi, pomwe zizindikiro zotsatirazi zalembedwa:

• Kukula kwakanthawi kwamadzi,
• kugona ndi kufooka kwa wodwala,
• pakamwa lowuma ndi khungu lowuma,
• Kununkhira kwa ma acetone kuchokera mkamwa,
• phokoso komanso kupuma kwakukuru.

Ngati magazi a shuga afika 55 mmol, wodwalayo amawonetsedwa kuchipatala mwachangu, apo ayi akhoza kungofa.

Mofananamo, kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, ubongo "wogwira ntchito" pa glucose ukhoza kudwala izi.

Pankhaniyi, kuukira kumatha kuchitika mosayembekezereka, ndipo kudzadziwika ndi kunjenjemera, kuzizira, chizungulire, kufooka miyendo, komanso thukuta labodza.

Mulimonsemo, ambulansi pano sizikhala zokwanira.

Njira zothandizira

Matenda a matenda ashuga omwe amapezeka mwa wodwala amangozindikira ndi a endocrinologist wokhazikika, komabe, ngati wodwalayo akudziwa motsimikiza kuti ali ndi matenda a shuga a mtundu uliwonse, kupepuka kwake sikuyenera kukhala chifukwa cha matenda, monga m'mimba, koma mwachangu njira zopulumutsa moyo wake.

Njira yothandiza pakuchitika kwa vuto lachiberekero la hyperglycemic ndikukhazikitsa insulini yochepa kwambiri pakhungu la wodwalayo. Momwemonso, pamene jakisoni awiri wodwala sanabwerere mwakale, kufunika kofunikira kuyitanitsa dokotala.

Momwe wodwalayo akuyenera kuchitira, ayenera kusiyanitsa pakati pa shuga komanso zovuta, malinga ndi zomwe zikupezeka, akupatsirana Mlingo wa insulini ngati pali vuto la hyperglycemia. Nthawi yomweyo, munthu sayenera kuganizira za kukhalapo kwa acetone m'magazi ake. Pofuna kukhazikitsa mlingo wofunikira kuti muchepetse vuto la wodwalayo, kuyezetsa magazi mwachangu kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti mupeze kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi ake.

Njira zosavuta kwambiri zowerengetsera kuchuluka kwa shuga m'mapulogalamu a insulin ndikuwonjezera gawo limodzi la insulini kuwonjezera pomwe shuga wamagazi akukulitsidwa ndi 1.5-2,5 mamilimita. Wodwala akayamba kuzindikira acetone, kuchuluka kwa insulini kuyenera kuchulukitsidwa kawiri.

Mlingo wofananira wokhawo ukhoza kusankhidwa ndi dokotala pazomwe akuwona, zomwe zimaphatikizapo kutenga magazi kwa wodwala nthawi zina.

Njira zodzitetezera

Sayansi yamakono yamankhwala yakonza malamulo a kupewa omwe wodwala matenda ashuga ayenera kutsatira, mwachitsanzo, monga:

1. Kuyang'anira kupezeka kwa glucose kosankhidwa ndi dokotala
2. Kukana pamalo okhazikika pakugwiritsa ntchito maswiti ndi zakudya zina zamafuta othamanga.
3. Kukana kumwa mowa, kusuta fodya, masewera a yoga kapena masewera ena, kukhalabe ndi moyo wathanzi.
4. Kuwunika kwa nthawi ndi nthawi mtundu ndi kuchuluka kwa insulin yomwe imalowetsedwa m'thupi. Ayenera kukwaniritsa zofunika za shuga m'magazi a wodwalayo.

Payokha, ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti onse odwala matenda ashuga komanso anthu omwe ali ndi chiyembekezo chotsogola mtsogolo ayenera kukhala ndi glucometer yolondola kunyumba.

Ndi chithandizo chake pokhapokha ngati kuli kotheka, ngati kungakhale kofunikira, kuchita mayeso mwadzidzidzi kuti muwone kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi a wodwala.

Izi zikuthandizanso kuchitapo kanthu mwadzidzidzi.

Kuphatikiza apo, aliyense wodwala matenda ashuga ayenera kuwerengera payekha kuchuluka kwa insulin, komanso kuyenera kuphunzitsidwa maluso oyambira ake oyamba pansi pa khungu. Jakisoni wophweka kwambiri amachitidwa ndi cholembera wapadera. Ngati wodwalayo salola kuti adzipangire yekha jakisoni, majekeseni otere ayenera kupangitsa banja lake ndi abwenzi.

Zokhudza mankhwala azikhalidwe zomwe zimachulukitsa kapena kuchepetsa magazi, ziyenera kuthandizidwa mosamala.

Chowonadi ndi chakuti thupi la munthu limatha kuyankha mosiyanasiyana pakumwa mankhwala amodzi kapena achilengedwe. Zotsatira zake, kusakonzekera kwathunthu kumatha kuchitika komwe shuga ya magazi imayamba "kulumpha".

Ndikwabwino kukaonana ndi dokotala yemwe angakulangizeni kulowetsedwa kwina kuti mulowetse matenda ena ake.

Zomwezo zikugwiranso ntchito pamafashoni osiyanasiyana omwe adatsatsa malonda posachedwapa. Ambiri aiwo sanatsimikizire kuthandizira kwawo kwamankhwala, chifukwa chake amayenera kuthandizidwa ndikukayika kwambiri. Mulimonsemo, m'zaka makumi zikubwerazi, palibe chomwe chingalowe m'malo mwa kuyambitsa insulini, chifukwa chake adzakhala njira yayikulu yothandizira odwala.

Zambiri zokhudzana ndi shuga wabwinobwino wamagazi zimaperekedwa mu kanema munkhaniyi.

Sonyezani shuga yanu kapena sankhani jenda kuti muyimikize.

Shuga wamagazi owopsa - Ngozi Yakufa

Mafuta a glucose ndi ofunikira pakugwira ntchito bwino kwa chakudya chamagulu amthupi.

Komabe, kupatuka kwa mulingo wake kuchokera pazomwezo kumatha kubweretsa ngakhale kufa.

Malire ovomerezeka kwa munthu wachikulire wathanzi ndizofunikira kuyambira 3.2 mpaka 5.5 mmol / L.

Mulingo wovuta wa shuga wamagazi umayamba kuganiziridwanso ukakhala wochepera 2.8 mmol / L kapena kupitirira 10 mmol / L.

Mukatha kudya, odwala matenda ashuga ayenera kukayezetsa magazi

Pochizira mafupa, owerenga athu adagwiritsa ntchito DiabeNot bwino. Kuwona kutchuka kwa malonda, tidaganiza zoperekera chidwi chanu.

Kamodzi m'thupi, shuga ndimakudya ndipo amapanga glucose, yemwe ndi chakudya chosavuta kwambiri. Ndiye mayi amene amadyetsa maselo a chamoyo chonse, komanso minyewa ndi ubongo.

Onetsetsani kuti zonse zili molingana ndi thanzi lanu ndipo mutha kuwona shuga yanu yamagazi ndi glucometer. Ichi ndi chipangizo chachipatala chomwe chimapangitsa kuti zikhale zosavuta kuwerengera kunyumba.

Ngati palibe chida choterocho, muyenera kulumikizana ndi chipatala chanu komwe chiyenera kukhala. Chipangizochi ndichinthu chofunikira kwambiri kwa anthu odwala matenda ashuga. Kupatula apo, ayenera kusanthula pafupipafupi - pamlingo wa shuga mutatha kudya musanayambe kudya.

Chifukwa chake, kwa matenda amtundu woyamba wa shuga, ndikofunikira kuyeza pamimba yopanda kanthu m'mawa komanso musanadye chakudya chilichonse, katatu kokha patsiku. Ndi mtundu wachiwiri, muyenera kuchita izi kawiri pa tsiku: m'mawa musanadye chakudya cham'mawa komanso musanadye chakudya chamadzulo.

Njira zazikulu zochizira za cranberries ndizopatsa mavitamini ndi michere.

Kodi mowa ndiwotheka matenda ashuga? Onani yankho patsamba lino.

Ndi maubwino otani a beets owiritsa, werengani apa.

Pali njira yokhazikitsidwa ndi shuga yamagazi, yodziwika bwino kwa akazi ndi amuna, ndi 5.5 mmol / l. Tiyeneranso kudziwa kuti shuga ambiri akangomaliza kudya amangokhala chakudya.

Zomwe muyenera kudziwa za shuga wamagazi

Masewera a shuga m'magazi atatha kudya, omwe amadziwika kuti postprandial hyperglycemia, siachilendo komanso siowopsa. Anthu odwala matenda ashuga sayenera kuyang'ana shuga wamagazi akatha kudya. Koma kuganizira izi kudumphaku kungakuthandizeni kusamalira bwino zakudya zanu komanso kuti shuga yanu ikhale yolimba.

Zinthu zingapo zimathandizira postprandial hyperglycemia, kuphatikizapo zomwe mumadya, kuchuluka kwake, komanso nthawi ya jakisoni wa insulin. Malinga ndi Russian Diabetes Association, kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kuyenera kukhala osachepera 10,2 mmol / L pasanathe ola limodzi kapena awiri mutatha kudya, koma endocrinologist amatha kukhazikitsa zolinga zosiyanasiyana za shuga zomwe zimakhudza inu.

Ndani ayenera kuyang'anitsitsa ma spikes a magazi atatha kudya?

Amayi omwe ali ndi pakati kapena akukonzekera kukhala ndi pakati ayenera kukhala otayirira kwambiri pakusunga shuga wawo wamwazi pafupi kwambiri ndi momwe angathere. Izi zikuthandizani kuti mupeze zotsatira zabwino za mimba yanu. Amayi oyembekezera omwe ali ndi shuga osagawika m'magazi ali pachiwopsezo cha zolakwika zobadwa nazo, kutenga pathupi. Ngati mumamwa insulini, zosowa zanu za insulin zidzakulirakulira, makamaka m'miyezi yomaliza ya mimba.

Anthu odwala matenda ashuga omwe akufuna kukonza glucose wamagazi A1C (shuga yapakati pamiyezi ingapo yapitayi) ayenera kulabadira kwambiri shuga wamagazi akatha kudya.

Zotsatira zoyipa zoyipa za shuga m'magazi ndi ziti?

Pali zotsatira zazakanthawi kochepa komanso kwanthawi yayitali kuchokera ku kulumpha kwa postprandial. Pakanthawi kochepa, mudzakhala mutatopa mukatha kudya, kutopa kwambiri kotero kuti mumatha kungokhala pampando ndikugona. Mutha kukhala ndi mawonekedwe osawona, ndipo pazonse simungamve bwino.

Pakapita nthawi, ngati magazi anu amphika m'magazi osasinthika, amakweza mulingo wanu wa A1C. Tikudziwa kuti odwala omwe ali ndi ma A1C okwera, pakupita nthawi, ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha zovuta, monga matenda a mtima.

Kodi shuga angapewe bwanji?

Ngati shuga wanu wamagazi sachoka pamtunduwu, uwu ungakhale mwayi woti muphunzire kuyeserera kupewetsa magazi pambuyo pokonza zakudya zanu.

Izi ndi zomwe ndimakonda kuwona ndi odwala anga. Anthu amasiya malo odyera aku Asia kapena buffet kapena kuphika kunyumba, ndipo maola awiri atatha kudya, shuga wawo wamagazi samakhala. Anthu ayenera kulabadira zochitika izi ndikudzifunsa mafunso ochepa: Kodi ndadziwerengera ndekha kuchuluka kwa chakudya changa? Kodi ndiyenera kusintha magawo a chakudya? Ndimamwa insulin, kodi ndiyenera kumwa Mlingo wosiyanasiyana wa chakudya?

Uwu ndi mwayi wabwino kuthetsa mavuto.

Kodi pali chilichonse chomwe chimayambitsa ma spikes?

Matenda a shuga ndi amodzi. Momwe anthu amachitira ndi zakudya zosiyanasiyana komanso momwe matupi awo amalamulirira zakudya ndizopadera kwa munthu aliyense. Palibe zogulitsa zomwe tikanakuuzani kuti musadye. Mutha kudya magawo osiyanasiyana ofanana. Ngati mungaganize zodya chidutswa cha keke kapena mkate, kulumikizidwa kamodzi kapena kawiri kumayenererana ndi chakudya chanu, koma gawo lonse limakhala lambiri.

Zochita zolimbitsa thupi zimakhudzanso zakudya zomwe mungasankhire nokha. Ngati mukukhala okangalika, zimathanso shuga wanu wamagazi. Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi mosalekeza kumatsitsa shuga m'magazi ndipo kumatha kuthandizira kuti A1C ikhale yolimba.

Mudamva zambiri za glycemic index (chizindikiro cha zotsatira zamafuta okhala ndi shuga) m'magazi. Koma mwina simungaleke kudya zakudya zokhala ndi chisonyezo chachikulu cha glycemic, ndipo kwenikweni simuyenera kuchita izi powerengera magawo ndikuwerengera kuchuluka kwa chakudya.

Shuga wambiri m'magazi a shuga kwa odwala matenda ashuga: malire oyenera

Matenda a shuga amakhalapo nthawi zonse amapezeka ndi shuga wambiri. Komabe, mwa odwala ena, kuchuluka kwa shuga kumatha kupitilira pang'ono pazomwe zimakhazikitsidwa, pomwe mwa ena kumatha kufikira gawo lovuta.

Kuchuluka kwa shuga m'thupi ndi chofunikira kwambiri pothandizira bwino matenda a shuga - ndikamakulirapo, matendawo akamakula. Mkulu shuga wambiri amachititsa kuti pakhale zovuta zambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale nthawi yambiri kuti masomphenyawo asamaonekere, azidulidwa mathetsedwe, kulephera kwa impso, kapena mtima.

Chifukwa chake, munthu aliyense yemwe ali ndi matenda oopsawa ayenera kukumbukira kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi omwe angayambitse wodwala komanso zomwe zingachitike chifukwa chotsatira.

Shuga wakufa

Wodwala aliyense wodwala matenda a shuga ali ndi shuga wawo wambiri. Mwa odwala ena, kukula kwa hyperglycemia kumayamba kale pa 11-12 mmol / L, mwa ena, zizindikiro zoyambirira za izi zimawonedwa pambuyo pa chizindikiro cha 17 mmol / L. Chifukwa chake, mumankhwala palibe chinthu monga limodzi, kwa odwala matenda ashuga onse, kuchuluka koopsa m'magazi.

Kuphatikiza apo, kuuma kwa mkhalidwe wa wodwalayo sikungotengera kuchuluka kwa shuga mthupi, komanso mtundu wa shuga womwe ali nawo. Chifukwa chake shuga yotsika mu mtundu woyamba wa shuga imathandizira kwambiri kuchuluka kwa acetone m'magazi komanso kukula kwa ketoacidosis.

Odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a mtundu wachiwiri, shuga wokwezeka nthawi zambiri sayambitsa kuchuluka kwa acetone, koma zimapweteka kwambiri, ndipo zimavuta kusiya.

Pochizira mafupa, owerenga athu adagwiritsa ntchito DiabeNot bwino. Kuwona kutchuka kwa malonda, tidaganiza zoperekera chidwi chanu.

Ngati shuga mu wodwala wodwala yemwe amadalira insulin atha kukhala wamtengo wapatali wa 28 mm mm / l, ndiye kuti atha kukhala ndi vuto limodzi lalikulu la matenda ashuga - ketoacidotic chikomokere. Pa mulingo wa shugawu, supuni 1 imodzi ya shuga imakhala mu lita imodzi ya magazi a wodwala.

Nthawi zambiri zotsatira za matenda opatsirana aposachedwa, kuvulala kwambiri kapena opaleshoni, yomwe imafooketsanso thupi la wodwalayo, imatsogolera pamenepa.

Komanso ketoacidotic coma imatha kuchitika chifukwa chosowa insulini, mwachitsanzo, ndi mankhwala osankhidwa molakwika kapena ngati wodwala wasowa jekeseni nthawi. Kuphatikiza apo, chomwe chimayambitsa vutoli chimatha kukhala mowa.

Ketoacidotic chikomacho chimadziwika ndi chitukuko cha pang'onopang'ono, chomwe chimatha kutenga maola angapo mpaka masiku angapo. Zizindikiro zotsatirazi ndizoyambitsa izi:

• Kukoka pafupipafupi ndi kuphatikiza mpaka malita atatu. patsiku. Izi ndichifukwa choti thupi limayesetsa kupaka ma acetone ochuluka momwe angathere kuchokera mkodzo,
• Kuthetsa madzi m'thupi kwambiri. Chifukwa chokodza kwambiri, wodwalayo amataya madzi,
• Masewera okwera amthupi a ketone. Chifukwa chosowa insulini, glucose amasiya kutengeka ndi thupi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti akonze mafuta kuti akhale ndi mphamvu. Zopangidwa ndi njirayi ndi matupi a ketone omwe amatulutsidwa kulowa m'magazi,
• Kupanda mphamvu kwathunthu, kugona,
• Matenda a shuga ndi nseru, kusanza,
• Khungu lowuma kwambiri, lomwe limatha kutuluka ndi kusweka,
• Pakamwa kowuma, mamasukidwe owoneka bwino, kupweteka m'maso chifukwa chosowa madzi akumwa,
• Fungo lonena za acetone kuchokera mkamwa,
• Kupuma mwamphamvu, koopsa, komwe kumawoneka ngati chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa mpweya.

Ngati kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kukupitilirabe, wodwalayo amapanga njira yoopsa kwambiri yoopsa yodwala matenda ashuga - hyperosmolar coma.

Imadziwulula ndi zizindikiro zowopsa kwambiri:

Muzovuta kwambiri:

• Mitsempha yamagazi ili m'mitsempha,
• Kulephera kwina
• Pancreatitis

Popanda chithandizo chanthawi yake, chikomokere chimatha kumwalira. Chifukwa chake, pamene zizindikiro zoyambirira za kupsinjika izi zikuwoneka, kugonekedwa kuchipatala kwa wodwala kuchipatala ndikofunikira.

Chithandizo cha hyperosmolar chikomokereni chimachitika pokhapokha mwa njira zotsitsimutsa.

Chofunikira kwambiri pochiza matenda a hyperglycemia ndiko kupewa kwake. Osamabweretsa shuga m'magazi ovuta. Ngati munthu ali ndi matenda a shuga, ndiye kuti sayenera kuyiwala za izi ndipo nthawi zonse aziwonetsetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga panthawi.

Kusunga shuga wambiri wabwinobwino, anthu odwala matenda ashuga atha kukhala moyo wathunthu kwa zaka zambiri, osakumana ndi zovuta zazikulu zamatendawa.

Popeza mseru, kusanza, ndi kutsegula m'mimba ndi zina mwazizindikiro za hyperglycemia, ambiri amatenga izi poyizoni wazakudya, zomwe zimakhala ndi zotsatirapo zoopsa.

Ndikofunika kukumbukira kuti ngati zizindikiro zoterezi zikuwoneka mwa wodwala yemwe ali ndi matenda ashuga, ndiye kuti vuto silikhala matenda am'mimba, koma kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Kuti muthandizire wodwala, jakisoni wa insulin ndi wofunika msanga.

Kuti athane ndi bwino ndi zizindikiro za hyperglycemia, wodwalayo ayenera kuphunzira kudziimira payekha mlingo woyenera wa insulin. Kuti muchite izi, kumbukirani njira yosavuta iyi:

• Ngati magazi a shuga ndi 11-12,5 mmol / l, ndiye kuti gawo lina liyenera kuwonjezeredwa pamankhwala amtundu wa insulin,
• Ngati zomwe glucose aposa 13 mmol / l, ndipo fungo la acetone lilipo mu mpweya wa wodwalayo, ndiye kuti ziwalo ziwiri ziyenera kuwonjezeredwa ku mlingo wa insulin.

Ngati kuchuluka kwa glucose kumatsika kwambiri pambuyo pobayidwa jakisoni wa insulin, muyenera kudya chakudya cham'mimba mwachangu, mwachitsanzo, imwani msuzi wa zipatso kapena tiyi ndi shuga.

Izi zikuthandizira kuteteza wodwala kuti asafe ndi matenda a ketosis, ndiye kuti, nthawi yomwe matupi a ketone m'magazi ayamba kuchuluka, koma zomwe zili m'magaziwo zimakhala zotsika.

Shuga wochepa

Mankhwala, hypoglycemia imawerengedwa ngati kuchepa kwa shuga m'magazi ochepera 2.8 mmol / L. Komabe, izi ndi zoona kwa anthu athanzi okha.

Monga momwe zilili ndi hyperglycemia, wodwala aliyense yemwe ali ndi matenda a shuga amakhala ndi gawo lake lotsika la shuga, pambuyo pake amayamba kukhala ndi hyperglycemia. Nthawi zambiri zimakhala zapamwamba kwambiri kuposa momwe zimakhalira ndi anthu athanzi. Mlozera wa 2.8 mmol / L siliwotsutsa kokha, koma wopha anthu ambiri odwala matenda ashuga.

Kuti mudziwe kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi momwe hyperglycemia ingayambire wodwala, ndikofunikira kuchotsa kuchokera ku 0.6 mpaka 1.1 mmol / l kuchokera pamlingo wake womwe akufuna - ichi chizikhala chofunikira kwambiri.

Odwala ambiri odwala matenda ashuga, kuchuluka kwa shuga ndi pafupifupi 4-7 mmol / L pamimba yopanda kanthu komanso pafupifupi 10 mmol / L atatha kudya. Kuphatikiza apo, mwa anthu omwe alibe matenda ashuga, siziposa kuchuluka kwa 6.5 mmol / L.

Pali zifukwa ziwiri zazikulu zomwe zimapangitsa wodwala matenda ashuga:

• Kuchuluka kwa insulin
• Kumwa mankhwala omwe amalimbikitsa kupanga insulin.

Vutoli limatha kukhudza odwala onse omwe ali ndi matenda amtundu 1 komanso mtundu 2. Makamaka nthawi zambiri imawonekera mwa ana, kuphatikiza usiku. Kuti mupewe izi, ndikofunikira kuwerengetsa moyenera kuchuluka kwa insulin tsiku lililonse ndikuyesera kuti osapitirire.

Hypoglycemia imawonetsedwa ndi zizindikiro zotsatirazi:

1. Khungu lakhungu,
2. Kuchuluka thukuta,
3. Kugwedezeka thupi lonse
4. Zosangalatsa pamtima
5. Njala yadzaoneni
6. Kuwonongeka kwa chidwi, kulephera kuyang'ana,
7. Kusanza, kusanza,
8. Kuda nkhawa, kuchita zinthu mwankhanza.

Pa gawo lowopsa, zizindikiro zotsatirazi zimawonekera:

• Zofooka zazikulu
• Chizungulire ndi matenda ashuga, ululu m'mutu,
• Nkhawa, mantha osasinthika,
• Kusokonekera kwa mawu
• Masomphenya olakwika, masomphenya apawiri
• Chisokonezo, kulephera kuganiza mokwanira,
• Kuyendetsa bwino galimoto, kuvulala kwamatayala,
• Kulephera kuyenda pamtunda nthawi zambiri,
• Kutupa m'miyendo ndi manja.

Izi sizinganyalanyazidwe, chifukwa shuga wochepa kwambiri m'magazi ndiowopsa kwa wodwala, komanso wokwera kwambiri. Ndi hypoglycemia, wodwalayo ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha kutaya chikumbumtima ndikugwera mu kuphwanya kwa hypoglycemic.

Vutoli limafunikira wodwala kuchipatala. Chithandizo cha hypoglycemic coma chimachitika pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo glucocorticosteroids, omwe amalimbikitsa msanga shuga m'thupi.

Mankhwala osokoneza bongo a hypoglycemia atha kudwala, amatha kuwononga ubongo komanso kuwononga olumala. Izi ndichifukwa choti glucose ndiye chakudya chokha cha maselo aubongo. Chifukwa chake, ndi kuchepa kwake kwakukulu, amayamba kufa ndi njala, zomwe zimawachititsa kufa mwachangu.

Chifukwa chake, anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga ayenera kuyang'ana kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi awo pafupipafupi kuti asaphonye kapena kuwonjezeka kwambiri. Kanemayo munkhaniyi ayang'ana shuga wokwezeka wamwazi.

Shuga wowopsa m'magulu

Ndikofunikira kuti wodwala aliyense azindikire matenda ashuga kuti awone momwe mitengo ya dextrose imayendera. Mukuyenera kukumbukila za zizowoneka bwino komanso zokweza kwambiri kwa thupi lanu kuti mavuto asachitike munthawi yake.

Gome. Zomwe zimachitika m'magazi mu thupi pazizindikiro zina za shuga m'magazi.

Thandizo loyamba la hyperglycemia

Ndi kuwonjezeka kwa shuga wamagazi opitilira 14 mmol / l, ndikofunikira jakisoni wa insulin ndikupatsa wodwala zakumwa zambiri. Ndikofunikira kuyeza shuga m'magazi awiri aliwonse.

Ngati ndi kotheka, maola awiri aliwonse, magawo awiri a mahomoni amayendetsedwa mpaka zizindikilo zimabwezeretsedwa pazikhalidwe zofunikira. Ngati palibe kusintha, itanani ambulansi.

Malangizo

Pofuna kupewa kukula kwa hyperglycemia kapena chikomokoma, ndikofunikira kuyeza shuga m'magazi panthawi.

Ndikofunikira kudziwitsa aboma, ogwira ntchito ndi mabanja za momwe angaperekere thandizo loyamba komanso momwe angachitire zinthu zovuta. Ngati ndi kotheka, pemphani kuti musinthe ntchitoyo mosavuta. Kuchita zolimbitsa thupi kumawonjezera mkhalidwe wodwala.

Ndi hyperglycemia, amadya zakudya, amayang'anira kuthamanga kwa magazi ndipo amakana mowa ndi ndudu. Wodwala ayenera kupewedwa ndi mavitamini.

Mumawunika osachepera 1 pachaka, ndikuyendera endocrinologist kanayi m'miyezi 12.

Ndi matenda a shuga, mutha kukhala ndi moyo wathunthu, chinthu chachikulu ndikuletsa kukula kwa hyperglycemia kapena chikomokere, zomwe zimatheka ngati malingaliro onse atsatiridwa.

Matenda a shuga nthawi zonse amayambitsa zovuta zakupha. Mwazi wamagazi ochulukirapo ndi woopsa kwambiri.

Aronova S.M. adafotokoza za chithandizo cha matenda ashuga. Werengani kwathunthu