Matenda a shuga - chizindikiro cha matendawa ndi chizindikiro chake

Masiku ano, shuga ndi matenda ofala kwambiri. Koma, kuti mumvetsetse za matenda ashuga ndikuyankha panthawi yomwe akuwonetsa matendawa, muyenera kudziwa kaye momwe matendawa akuonekera. Ndizofunikira kudziwa kuti matendawa amatha kudziwonetsa ndi zovuta zingapo zopezeka mthupi, koma onse ali ndi katundu wofanana - kukulitsa kwa hyperglycemia (kuchuluka kwa shuga ndi magazi), komanso m'njira yoopsa kwambiri yamatenda - kusalolerana kwathunthu kwa shuga.
Chifukwa cha matendawa, pali kuchepa kwa insulin mthupi, kapena insulin yomwe imapangidwa m'thupi imangokhala yopanda ntchito. Ndi chifukwa cha izi kuti zizindikiro za matenda a shuga zimawonetsedwa. Tiyeni tiwone zisonyezo zazikuluzikulu za matenda ashuga, zizindikiro za matendawa, komanso zomwe matendawa ayenera kukuchenjezani.

Zizindikiro zoyambirira za shuga

Tsoka ilo, m'nthawi yathu ino, anthu amangokhala otanganidwa ndi ntchito, ntchito komanso ntchito zapakhomo, pomwe ochepa amalabadira thanzi lawo ndipo samvera zomwe ayenera kuzindikira. Kumbukirani kuti zisonyezo zilizonse za matendawa ndizomwe zimadziwika bwino kwambiri ndipo pitani kuchipatala msanga, popeza matendawa ndi owopsa ndipo ndibwino kuti muyambe kulandira chithandizo munthawi yake. Chifukwa chake, tiyeni tiwone zomwe ndizizindikiro zazikulu za matenda a shuga zomwe zimachitika kawirikawiri ndipo ziyenera kuchenjeza munthu. Izi zikuphatikiza:

• Tsitsi limayamba kutuluka kwambiri. Izi zitha kudziwika ngati chizindikiro chachikulu cha matenda ashuga. Munthu wathanzi labwino, inde, amamasanso tsitsi, koma osapitirira 100 masana, koma wodwala wodwala matenda ashuga, njira ya metabolic yophweka imaphwanyidwa, ndichifukwa chake tsitsilo limayamba kugwa kwambiri, limayamba kufooka, kufooka ndikukula kwawo kumacheperachepera.
• kugona kwambiri ndikusweka kumachitika. Muyenera kusamala nthawi yomweyo ngati muli ndi kufooka kwambiri komanso kutopa kwa masiku angapo popanda chifukwa. Izi zitha kukhala chifukwa chakuti thupi limakhala ndi mphamvu zochepa, zomwe limachokera m'maselo omwe amapanga mothandizidwa ndi glucose. Zingachitike kuti kwa masiku angapo mumagona kwambiri komanso kufooka (muli ndi vuto lokwanira kugona), ndibwino kuti mulumikizane ndi dotolo ndikupereka mayeso ofunikira,
• Mapazi kapena manja ake ziyamba kuyabwa. Ndikofunika kudziwa kuti oposa 85% ya odwala matenda a shuga akuti chimodzi mwazizindikiro zoyambirira zomwe anali nazo chinali kuyabwa kumapazi kapena m'manja. Ndikofunika kudziwa kuti, monga nthawi zambiri, odwala amakhala ndi magazi osavulala ndipo mabala amachiritsa kwambiri. Ngakhale kudula pang'ono kumatha kuchiritsa kwa nthawi yayitali komanso kungayambitse kuchepa.

Zizindikiro zazikulu za matenda

M'malo mwake, pali zambiri za matendawa ndipo ngati mudzisamalira ndi thanzi lanu, sizovuta kuzizindikira. Zizindikiro ndizosiyana, koma zazikulu ndizofunikira kudziwa:

• kukoka pafupipafupi komanso mwamphamvu, munthu nthawi zambiri amayamba kugwiritsa ntchito chimbudzi, makamaka usiku,
• kukwiya kwambiri
• pamakhala kuchepa mphamvu kwa thupi (kuchepa thupi) kapena, m'malo mwake, munthu amayamba kulemera msanga mokwanira,
• ndi shuga komanso kuwonjezereka kwamphamvu kwa shuga, munthu amatha kulephera kuzindikira zomwe zimachitika mpaka atha kudwala matenda ashuga (komwe zimavuta kuti ena achoke),
• pamakhala mavuto ndi masomphenya (masomphenya amatha kuchepa mwachangu, matenda amkati ndi matenda ena angachitike),
• mavuto ndi matenda amtima (matenda a mtima, matenda a mtima) atha kuchitika
• mavuto akulu a chimbudzi
• mseru komanso kusanza kumatha kuchitika m'mawa.
• munthuyu watopa kwambiri ndipo alibe mphamvu
• Pali zovuta kugona, kugona tulo,
• pali ludzu lamphamvu, munthu amakhala ndi ludzu nthawi zonse ndipo ndizosatheka kuthetsa ludzu lake,
• kuchuluka kapena mosiyanasiyana kumachepetsa chidwi,
• kupweteka mutu pafupipafupi
• azimayi nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi zovuta komanso matenda "pachimake" (matenda otupa ndi matenda ena opatsirana),
• dzino limaonekera pakhungu (makamaka mikono ndi miyendo),
• magazi amawundana bwino ndipo mabala aliwonse amachira zolimba.

Monga mukuwonera, zizindikiro zake ndizosiyanasiyana ndipo nkovuta kuti musazizindikire. Ngati mukumva kusintha kwamthupi ndipo zizindikirazo zikuyamba kuda nkhawa kwambiri, ndiye muyenera kulumikizana ndi adotolo mwachangu, yemwe azikupimirani, kukudziwitsani ndipo ngati kuli koyenera, mupeze chithandizo chanthawi yake komanso chofunikira. Kumbukirani kuti ndizizindikiro za matendawa omwe amathandizira kuzindikira matendawo.

Mbiri ya insulin

Ntchito yayikulu ya adotolo pakuchiza matenda a shuga ndikuchotsa zizindikiro ndi zizindikiro zomwe zilipo. Panthawi yamankhwala othandizira odwala matenda ashuga, ndikofunikira kutsatira njira yodziletsa, chifukwa ndikofunikira kwambiri kwa odwala matenda ashuga kuti azitsata pafupipafupi zizindikiro za shuga. Ndizofunikira kudziwa kuti ngakhale shuga mellitus (lero) sangachiritsidwe kwathunthu, ndi insulin yomwe imathandizira ndikuphunzitsa anthu kuti azilamulira matendawa.

Kuwonetsera kwa insulin, malinga ndi asayansi, kunapezeka kumbuyo mu 1923. Woyamba yemwe adapeza ndi kupanga insulin amatchedwa wasayansi wotchuka wochokera ku Canada - Frederick Bunting. Anali iye yemwe kumapeto kwa Januware 1923 anali woyamba kupulumutsa wodwala matenda a shuga pomubaya jakisoni. Wodwalayo anali mwana wazaka 14 zakubadwa yemwe anali ndi matenda oopsa kwambiri. Ndizofunikira kudziwa kuti pali Tsiku la World Diabetes, lomwe limakondwerera November 14. Komanso, ndikufuna kudziwa kuti tsikuli lidasankhidwa chifukwa choti Bunting idabadwa pa 14 Novembala. Chifukwa chake izi zidatulukira chifukwa chake zomwe zidachitika.

Zizindikiro za matenda ashuga

Nokha, matendawa amagawidwa m'mitundu ingapo. Tiyeni tiwone mitundu yonse mwatsatanetsatane ndi momwe zimasiyanirana:

• Mtundu woyamba wa shuga
• Type 2 shuga
• matenda ashuga.

Mu matenda a shuga a mtundu woyamba, jakisoni wa insulin amaperekedwa kwa wodwala, pankhani ya mtundu wachiwiri, mapiritsi amayikidwa kwa wodwalayo kuti akhalebe ndi shuga yofunikira. Koma mtundu wamtunduwu umapezeka kwambiri mwa amayi apakati. Ndikofunika kudziwa kuti mwana akabadwa, matenda ashuga amatha okha, koma mkazi amafunikabe kukayezetsa kamodzi pachaka ndi kukayezetsa magazi. Popeza matendawa amathanso kukhala abwinobwino pakapita nthawi.

Ndikofunika kudziwa kuti chithandizo chamankhwala chimalangizidwa ndi adokotala okha. Tiyeneranso kukumbukiranso kuti ngati matendawa ali m'gulu labwino, ndiye kuti kuchipatala kungakhale kofunikira. Popeza wodwalayo ayenera kuyang'aniridwa ndi madokotala nthawi zonse. Monga lamulo, mapiritsi amayankhidwa poyamba, koma ngati mawonekedwe a matendawa ayambitsidwa kwambiri, ndiye kuti jakisoni wa insulin amatha kuyambitsa koyamba, koma pambuyo pa matenda a shuga, wodwalayo amatha kusamutsidwa pamapiritsi.

Chinthu choyamba chomwe madokotala onse amalimbikitsa kuti azisamala ndi matenda a shuga ndi zakudya. Popeza ndichakudya choyenera chomwe chingathandize kuwongolera shuga wamagazi ndikuwonetsetsa kuti shuga satuluka. Ndikofunika kwambiri kuti chakudyacho chimagawika, ndiye kuti muyenera kudya osachepera 4 - 5 patsiku. Ndi bwino kudya m'magawo ang'onoang'ono, koma pafupipafupi. Nthawi yomweyo, musaiwale kuti ndibwino kusiya zonse zofunikira. Kodi ndi zinthu ziti zomwe zimatsutsana? Funso lomwe limadetsa nkhawa onse odwala omwe adapezeka ndi matenda a shuga. Pakati pa malonda, ndikofunikira kuzindikira:

• mafuta amkaka ambiri,
• nyama yamafuta
• zakudya zachangu
• chakudya chokometsera
• nyama zaphokoso (soseji, masoseji),
• nsomba yamafuta
• osazunza ndi mazira,
• siyani kwathunthu confectionery ndi maswiti osiyanasiyana zakudya,
• msuzi wokoma ndi zakumwa zoziziritsa kukhosi,
• sakani timadziti.

Izi ndi zinthu zazikuluzikulu zomwe wodwala matenda ashuga ayenera kusiya. Zingakhale bwino ngati pakadakhala zipatso zambiri, masamba, nyama yopendekera ndi nsomba mu chakudya. Chakudya chimagwira bwino ntchito yothandiza matenda ngati matenda ashuga. Koma, pazifukwa zina, anthu ambiri amaloleza kuchita izi pokhapokha, atchulapo kuti nkovuta kapena ngakhale kosatheka kuti akane zinthu zina. Zikatero, muyenera kuganizira zomwe ndizofunika kwambiri kwa inu, moyo kapena zinthu zina. Kupatula apo, matendawa amatha kupha ndipo musaiwale za izi.

Pomaliza, ndikofunikira kudziwa

Ngati munayamba kuzindikira kusintha m'thupi lanu, ndiye kufunsa dokotala nthawi yomweyo. Popeza matendawa ndi oopsa kwambiri komanso ngati sapezeka pa nthawi yake, zotsatirapo zake zimakhala zazikulu kwambiri komanso zakupha. Ndikwabwino kupititsa apo ziyeso zofunika zomwe zingakuthandizeni kuzindikira ndi kudwala. Pambuyo pake, dotolo wothandizirayo akupatsirani chithandizo choyenera ndikukufotokozerani za matendawa. Ndizofunikira kudziwa kuti m'nthawi yathu ino pali masukulu osiyanasiyana a matenda ashuga, omwe odwala amauzidwa momwe angadye ndikukhalira ndi matenda ashuga.

Zachidziwikire, gawo lalikulu pakuchiza komanso kupewa matenda ashuga limaseweredwa ndi njira yoyenera komanso zakudya zoyenera, ndikofunikira kwambiri kukhala ndi moyo wakhama, kukhala ndi nthawi yambiri mu mpweya wabwino, komanso kusiya zizolowezi zoyipa (ngati munthu ali nazo). Ndikofunika kwambiri kuti musamadye kwambiri, ndibwino kudya pafupipafupi, koma magawo ayenera kukhala ochepa mokwanira. Ndi kutsatira malangizo osavuta ngati awa kuti mutha kukhala ndi moyo wathanzi womwe sungasiyane kwambiri ndi munthu wathanzi. Kumbukirani, ife eni tokha ndife olakwa chifukwa chakamera ndi kutuluka kwa matenda ambiri.