Mphamvu ya cholesterol pakuapanikizika

Kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi njira yosasangalatsa kwambiri, yomwe imatsagana ndi kuchuluka kwa zizindikiro. Kuphatikiza apo, matenda oopsa ndi zina mwazomwe zimayambitsa matenda monga kugunda kwa mtima ndi sitiroko. Amakhulupirira kuti ndi kuchuluka kwachulukidwe kwamafuta m'thupi la munthu, kupanikizika kumathanso kukwera.

Tiyeni tiwone zifukwa zomwe zili ndi malingaliro awa ndikupeza ngati cholesterol yapamwamba ikhoza kuwonjezera kuthamanga kwa magazi.

Cholesterol yayikulu

Thupi laumunthu limapanga mafuta ochulukirapo, ndipo kuchuluka kwake kumachokera ku chakudya. Mosiyana ndi malingaliro olakwika amenewo, mafuta acids mwa iwo okha sakhala chinthu choyipa komanso chovulaza.

Zinthu zake zokha m'thupi ndizoopsa. Lipoproteins (yomwe imaphatikizapo mafuta acids) yayitali Kufunika kachulukidwe kumathandiza kuti mtima ugwire ntchito. Mafuta acids ndi lipoprotein otsika kwambiri komanso otsika kwambiri amathandizira kukulira kwa atherosulinotic komanso kuwoneka kwa zolembera zamtundu wa atherosselotic.

Cholesterol yochuluka m'magazi imatha kukhala chifukwa chodya zakudya zopezeka m'mag shuga ndi mafuta ambiri. Ndi zaka, maselo mthupi la munthu amachepetsa kufunika kwa cholesterol.

Kudya mafuta ochulukirapo m'magazi kumatha kuchepetsedwa ndikuchotsa zakudya zopanda mafuta ndi shuga m'magulu abwino a masamba, zipatso ndi nyama yopanda mafuta. Komabe, ngati zili zamafuta acids ndizokwera kwambiri kuposa zabwinobwino, ndiye muyenera kufunsa dokotala yemwe akupatseni mankhwala.

Mlingo wa cholesterol ndi kupanikizika kulumikizidwa, chifukwa kuwonjezeka koyamba kumakhudzana ndi zomwe zimachitika mapangidwe a atherosulinotic, omwe amachepetsa lumen ya ziwiya, ndipo chifukwa cha izi amatsogolera pakuwonongeka kwa mitsempha.

Chifukwa chake, njira yowerengera imachitika - thupi limayesetsa kupatsa minyewa china chake chofunikira cha oxygen kuti magwiritsidwe ntchito a maselo. Chifukwa cha izi, kuwonjezeka kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi kumachitika. Kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi cholesterol sizigwirizana.

Zizindikiro ndi zomwe zimayambitsa kuthamanga kwa magazi

Matenda oopsa amathanso kudwala. Ngati mukuvutika ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi, ndiye kuti mukudziwa bwino zomwe zikuwatsutsa.

Komabe, ngati mwakumana ndi matendawa posachedwa, ndiye kuti pali zizindikiro zazikulu zingapo zomwe zingakhale zizindikilo zotsutsana ndi matenda oopsa:

Tinnitus
Mutu
Kusakwiya
Kutopa
Malingaliro operewera
Kulemala kwakanthawi kochepa,
Kuwonongeka kwamtima
Zosokoneza zamaganizidwe ambiri,
Chizungulire
Kusowa tulo komanso kusokonezeka kwa tulo.

Zizindikirozi zimatha kukhala zizindikiritso zakanthawi pang'ono. Izi zimachitika ngati munthu ali ndi mantha kapena ali pamavuto ena. Izi sizitanthauza kuti mumakhala ndi mafuta ochulukirapo m'magazi, chifukwa kuwonjezeka koteroko kwa magazi nthawi zambiri kumakhala kwakanthawi komanso kwakanthawi. Komabe, uwu ukhoza kukhala foni yoyamba yosafunikira panjira yodumphira magazi, chifukwa chake tikukulimbikitsani kuti mukaonane ndi dokotala.

Zomwe zimayambitsa kuthamanga kwa magazi ndizochita izi:

Kusuta kapena kumwa mowa,
Khalidwe labwino
Khalidweli
Kudya zakudya zamafuta ndi shuga
Kulephera kuchita zolimbitsa thupi,
Kulemera kwambiri
Kupsinjika kwapafupipafupi komanso kuchuluka kwambiri.

Zomwe zimapangitsa kuchuluka kwa cholesterol ndi kukakamizidwa ndizofanana kwambiri, ndichifukwa chake ambiri amagwirizanitsa zinthu ziwiri izi ndi mzake.

Momwe cholesterol imakhudzira kuthamanga kwa magazi

Miyezo yambiri yamafuta m'magazi imatsogolera ku cholesterol plaques, omwe erythrocyte ndi mapulateleti amakhazikika. Mwanjira imeneyi, minyewa yam'mimba yotupa imasokoneza, yomwe imasokoneza kayendedwe kazachilendo ndi kukakamiza kwamakoma a chotengera kumachitika. Izi ndi yankho lalikulu ku funsoli - kodi cholesterol imakhudzanso kukakamizidwa?

Chinthu chodziphatikiza cholumikizira cholesterol yayikulu komanso kuthamanga kwa magazi ndiko kusuta. Zimathandizira vasoconstriction, kusokonekera kwa metabolic, kukhathamira ndikuwonjezera mafuta m'thupi.

Monga momwe tazindikira kale, zomwe zimayambitsa kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi cholesterol ndizofanana. Nthawi zambiri pamakhala matenda ashuga omwe amakhala ndi matenda oopsa komanso cholesterol yambiri. Mulimonsemo, mankhwalawa oyenera, moyo wathanzi komanso kusakhalapo kwa nkhawa kukuthandizani kuiwala za matenda oyamba ndi achiwiri.

Mafuta cholesterol

Popeza kuthamanga kwa magazi aumunthu ndi imodzi mwazofunikira kwambiri pa thanzi la anthu, chidwi chapadera chimaperekedwa pakuwunika kwawo. Simuyenera kuchita mantha ndikuganiza kuti kukakamizidwa komwe kumawonekera chifukwa cha kuwonjezereka kwa cholesterol. Pakhoza kukhala zifukwa zokwanira, mwachitsanzo, kugwira ntchito mopitirira muyeso, makamaka kwa munthu wokalamba, kumatha kudzutsa chidwi.

Zowonadi! Arterial cholesterol ndi gawo loopsa lomwe limakhala pamakoma a mitsempha yamagazi ndikupanga zolembera. Choopsa cha mapangidwe otere ndikuti siziwoneka ndi maso amaliseche. Madotolo amakonda kukhulupirira kuti chinthu choterocho chimayenera kuchotsedwa m'thupi mwachangu, popeza mapangidwe amtunduwu amatsogolera pakuchepa kwakukulu kwa lumen pakati pa ziwiya.

Kuti mudziwe zomwe zimakusangalatsani, muyenera kulumikizana ndi omwe akuthandizani, omwe angawone kufunika kofufuzanso. Mulimonsemo, wodwalayo ayenera kukaonana ndi mtima. Ndikofunika kukumbukira kuti ndikofunikira kuyesedwa magazi kuti mudziwe kuchuluka kwa zinthu zovulaza m'magazi kwa anthu omwe alibe mavuto azaumoyo - kamodzi pazaka zisanu, odwala omwe ali ndi chiwonetsero choopsa amafunika kuyang'anitsitsa thanzi lawo komanso kufunsa akatswiri nthawi zambiri.

Zilonda zam'mimba za atherosulinotic zingayambitse mavuto akulu azaumoyo, chifukwa chake kupatuka kwamtunduwu kuyenera kuperekedwa mwachidwi.

Zomwe zimayambitsa kusintha moyenera

Mu thupi la munthu, si ma lipoprotein onse omwe amakhalabe momwe iwo amakhalira. Zina zimakhudza thanzi la mtima. Kuchulukana kwambiri kwa lipoprotein ndikofunikira kwa thupi, koma chinthu chokhala ndi kachulukidwe kakang'ono kwambiri kochepa kwambiri chimatha kuvulaza anthu, ndikupanga zolembera pamakoma amitsempha yamagazi.

Zowonadi! Kuphwanya mulingo wamtunduwu kumadziwika kwambiri kwa odwala azaka zopitilira 50. Munthawi imeneyi, muyenera kulabadira zonse zomwe zikuchitika pakugwira ntchito kwa thupi.

Amayi ayenera kulingalira mosamalitsa kusintha kwamthupi komwe kumachitika pakapita msambo. Pakadali pano mu thupi la mzimayi mumakhala “opaleshoni ya cholesterol.”

Pakati pa mndandanda wazomwe zimayambitsa kusakondwereraku, pali:

kukhalapo kwa kulemera kambiri ndi kupatuka kwa mzere wamagulu ambiri,
kudya zakudya zamafuta kwambiri,
zaka (odwala okhwima amatha kusinthasintha mofananamo,
chibadwidwe chamtsogolo cha chiwonetsero cha matenda a mtima
chikonga komanso uchidakwa.
kupezeka kwa ma pathologies ogwirizana ndi vuto la chithokomiro.
kusakwanitsa kwa mahomoni komwe kumayambitsa matenda a metabolic.

Kodi cholesterol imakhudza bwanji kukakamizidwa, madokotala amadziwa. Ndi kuchuluka kwa ndende, kuchuluka kwa magazi kumachulukitsa kwambiri. Ndi chidwi chachikulu pakusintha kwa zizindikiro, odwala omwe ali m'gulu langozi ayenera kulandira chithandizo.

Chifukwa chiyani kuthamanga kwa magazi kumakwera?

Zochita zamtima, zomwe zimaphatikizapo matenda oopsa ndi atherosulinosis, ndizovuta zenizeni kwa munthu wamakono. Matenda amtunduwu chaka chilichonse amapha anthu masauzande ambiri. Poyerekeza zakumbuyo kwawo, zochitika zowopsa monga kugunda kwa mtima ndi sitiroko zikuwonetsedwa. Kwa nthawi yayitali, madokotala amamva madandaulo okhudzana ndi matenda oopsa kuchokera kwa odwala okalamba, koma tsopano momwe zinthu zasinthira, pali matenda oopsa pakati pa achinyamata. Zomwe zosinthazi zimalumikizidwa sizikudziwika kwathunthu, koma akatswiri amakhala ndi "moyo wopanda thanzi" womwe wafala pakati pa achinyamata.

Pakati pa mndandanda wa zifukwa zazikulu zomwe zingayambitse chiwonetsero cha matenda oopsa kwa odwala azaka zosiyanasiyana, pali:

cholowa
kusachita masewera olimbitsa thupi (“kukhala pansi”, ntchito yaofesi),
kunenepa kwambiri
khalani okhazikika pamavuto, nkhawa zochuluka,
uchidakwa komanso kusuta,
chizolowezi chomwa zakudya zamchere, zomwe zimabweretsa kuchuluka kwa sodium m'thupi.

Chiwopsezo cha matenda oopsa sichitha kuchepetsedwa. Kuwonjezeka kwa zizindikiro sikungowonetsera zizindikiro zosasangalatsa, komanso kungapangitse zofunikira kuti muzindikire zowopsa m'moyo.

Yang'anani! Kupatuka ku chizolowezi cha kuthamanga kwa magazi kwa ma 10 mm. Hg. Art. kumawonjezera chiopsezo cha kugunda kwamtima ndi kugwidwa ndi 10%.

Hypertension imatchulidwa ngati malo owopsa omwe amafunikira chithandizo chamankhwala ndikuyang'aniridwa ndi achipatala. Katswiri wodziwa bwino yekha ndi yemwe amatha kusankha chithandizo chofunikira cha wodwala wina. Simuyenera kuchita nawo kusankha mankhwalawo, chifukwa chake zinthuzi zimayambitsa kuwonongeka kwa wodwala. Ndi dokotala yekhayo amene amatha kusankha njira zochiritsira zomwe zikufunika, ndikuwunikira pafupipafupi kusintha kwa zizindikiro, ndi omwe azindikire thanzi la wodwalayo.

Tcherani khutu! Kupatuka kotereku kumatha kuyambitsa kuwonongeka kwakukulu. Thanzi lamaso limatengera kwambiri kuchuluka kwa magazi m'magazi amaso awa. Kuphwanya njira zotere kumabweretsa zotsatira zoyipa zomwe zimakhudza ntchito zowoneka. Kupsinjika kwambiri kwa cholesterol kumatha kuyambitsa zowonongeka.

Mofananamo, titha kunena kuti kuwonjezeka kwa cholesterol yokhala ndi matenda oopsa kwambiri.

Zoyenera kuchita ngati matenda oopsa pazotsatira za atherosulinosis awonekera?

Momwe cholesterol imakhudzira kupanikizika imadziwika kale. Gawoli limatha kupangitsa kuti chiwonetsero chambiri chiwonjezeke, zomwe zingayambitse kukula kwa matenda oopsa. Ndi kuwonjezeka kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi cholesterol yayikulu, kukonza mankhwala kumafunika. Pamodzi ndi mankhwala a antihypertensive, wodwalayo amapatsidwa mankhwala a statin, zomwe zimayambitsa kukhazikitsa mafuta kagayidwe komanso kupewa mapangidwe a makoma a mitsempha yamagazi.

Ena mwa mndandanda wa mankhwala akuluakulu a gulu la statin ndi awa:

Mankhwala ochokera pamndandandandawo samasiyana pachikhalidwe. Zochita zawo cholinga chake ndikuchepetsa ndende ya cholesterol. Mankhwala oterowo sayenera kusankhidwa okha, chifukwa ndi dokotala yekha yemwe adawunika chithunzi choyambirira cha matenda omwe angathe kusankha mlingo woyenera ndikuwona kuchuluka kwa kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe.

Nthawi zambiri, matenda oopsa amadzionetsa motsutsana ndi maziko amasinthidwe a milomo ya lipoprotein. Matendawa ndi owopsa, koma atha kupewedwa. Munthu ayenera kuyang'anira mwapadera kusintha kwawo. Choyamba, muyenera kubwerezanso zakudya, kukhazikitsa boma la kumwa ndikupeza nthawi yochita masewera olimbitsa thupi. Mutha kupeza mwayi kuchokera ku chithandizo chamankhwala ngati mumasiya zizolowezi zoyipa.

Hypercholesterolemia - chikhalidwe chowopsa

Cholesterol ndi mowa wonga mafuta womwe thupi la munthu limafunikira kuti lipange ziwalo, kuphatikiza mahomoni ena, ndi mavitamini.

Kuwonjezeka kwa zikuyimira paliponse, cholesterol yoyipa imakhudzana ndi chiopsezo chokhala ndi mavuto amtima: atherossteosis, stroke, myocardial infarction. Makulidwe apakati pazowopsa akuwonetsedwa pagome.

Ubale pakati pa cholesterol ndi chiopsezo cha mtima.

Kukula kwa atherosulinosis kumayamba ndi kupangika kwa ma atherosulinotic malo ochepa - - ma amana a mafuta a cholesterol, mapuloteni, zotupa, ndi maselo amwazi. Kuwonjezeka kwa cholesterol kumapangitsa kuti pakhale mitundu yambiri, kukula kwawo kwina. Zikwangwani zokhala ndi ma atherosselotic zikuluzikulu, zimasuntha pang'ono kapena kupindiratu ndikuwunika kwa botilo.

Kutsekeka pang'ono kwa mtsempha kumachepetsa kutuluka kwa magazi kupita ku chiwalo chomwe chadyetsa, kwathunthu - kuyima kwathunthu. Ngati magazi omwe amapezeka m'maselo a chiwalochi apangidwe kachiwiri, amatha kugwira ntchito mopitilira. Komabe, maselo amtima sakhala ziwalo zotere. Kucheka kwa magazi m'modzi mwa zotengera kumabweretsa kufa kwa gulu la maselo komwe limapereka mpweya. Njira ya necrosis imatchedwa myocardial infarction.

Kuzindikira kuperewera kwa chakudya mu ubongo. Thupi ili limadya mphamvu zambiri kuposa zina zonse - pafupifupi 25% yonse. Chifukwa chake, ngakhale kuwonongeka kochepa m'magazi kwa gawo kumayendetsedwa ndi kuwonongeka m'moyo wabwino. Kukula kwa atherosulinosis kumakhala kukuwunda ndimatumbo mkati mwa cranium - mikwingwirima. Ma Microstrokes amangosokoneza ubongo kwakanthawi, pomwe zochulukirapo zimafunikira kuchira kwanthawi yayitali, nthawi zambiri zimatha kuphedwa.

Zomwe Zimayambitsa Kupanikizika Kwa Magazi

Kuchulukitsa kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi (kuthamanga kwa magazi, matenda oopsa kapena kuthamanga kwa magazi) ndikowonjezeka kwamitengo yoposa 120 mm Hg. Art. kwa systolic (kumtunda), kupitirira 80 mm RT. Art. za diastolic (m'munsi).

Sizikudziwika kuti ndi chifukwa chani chomwe chimayambitsa matendawa. Madokotala amazindikira izi:

kumwa mchere wambiri
kusowa kwamasamba, zipatso,
kumangokhala
kunenepa
uchidakwa
ukalamba
chibadwire.

Kuthamanga kwa magazi kumatchedwa kupha mwakachetechete. Kwa nthawi yayitali, matendawa ndi asymptomatic. Mothandizidwa ndi kuthinana kwambiri, makoma amitsempha amasemphana. Kusintha kwina kulikonse m'mikhalidwe yomwe kumafunikira kuchepetsedwa kapena kufalikira kwamitsempha yamagazi kumabweretsa microtrauma. Zowonongeka "zimakonzedwa" ndi lipoprotein okhala ndi cholesterol. Ndi cholesterol yokwezeka, "latki" yotere imakulira ndi zigawo zatsopano za sterol pakapita nthawi, ndikusintha kukhala zigawo za cholesterol zodzaza. Kukula kwa madongosolo kumawonekera ndikukula kwa zovuta zakupha - myocardial infarction, stroke.

Mgwirizano wapakati pa kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi cholesterol

Mapangidwe a atherosclerotic plaques ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi ndizolumikizana bwino. Madipoziti oyambilira amawonekera pamalo a mtima microtrauma. Chimodzi mwazomwe zimayambitsa zowonongeka ndi matenda oopsa. Zimapangitsa kuti zombo zizikhala zovuta. Ngati pakufunika kufupikitsa msanga - kuvulala kumayamba komwe kumalowa m'mamolekyu okhala ndi cholesterol.

Kodi cholesterol yayikulu imakhudza kuthamanga kwa magazi? Mwambiri, inde. Anthu omwe ali ndi OX ochulukirapo nthawi zambiri amakhala oopsa. Chifukwa chake, odwala omwe ali ndi hypercholesterolemia amafunika kuwunika mosamala zizindikiro za kuthamanga kwa magazi.

Kapangidwe ka ubale pakati pa cholesterol ndi kukakamiza sikumveka bwino. Zomwe kuthamanga kwa magazi kumathandizira kuti chitukuko cha atherosclerosis chidziwike kwanthaŵi yayitali. Koma kuchuluka kwambiri kwa cholesterol komwe kumadzetsa matenda oopsa sikumveka. Pamaso pa ma atherosselotic zolembera, kuchuluka kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi kumafotokozedwa ndi kuperekera mphamvu kwa thupi.Zosungunulira zimachepetsa lumen ya chotengera, mtima uyenera kuyesetsa kwambiri kukankhira magazi kudzera. Zotsatira zake, kupanikizika kumawuka.

Kafukufuku pa chiyanjano cha kukakamizidwa ndi cholesterol

Kuti adziwe ngati cholesterol imakhudzanso kupanikizika, momwe zimachitikira, asayansi adachita maphunziro angapo. Imodzi mwa zazikulukulu idapangidwa mu 2012. Onse odzipereka adagawika m'magulu atatu: otsika, apakati, cholesterol yayikulu. Pakafukufukuyu onse, opanga nawo magawo anayeza kuthamanga kwa magazi panthawi yopuma, masewera olimbitsa thupi.

Zotsatira zake zinali zosangalatsa. Anthu omwe ali ndi cholesterol yambiri anali ndi kuthamanga kwambiri kwa magazi pochita masewera olimbitsa thupi. Ofufuzawo adazindikira kuti ngakhale kuwonjezeka pang'ono kwa sterol kumakhudzanso kupsinjika. Asayansi ati chomwe chimayambitsa chibwenzichi ndi kuphwanya njira yamakonzedwe, kupumula kwamitsempha yamagazi oyambitsidwa ndi cholesterol yayikulu.

Pambuyo pake, maphunziro ena ambiri ambiri adachitika. Kuti adziwe momwe cholesterol imakhudzira kupsinjika, asayansi adasanthula mkhalidwe wa odwala 4,680 wazaka 40-59 wokhala Japan, China, UK, ndi United States. Adayang'anitsitsa mawonekedwe a sterol, kuthamanga kwa magazi, zakudya za tsiku ndi tsiku. Zotsatira zake zidawonetsa kuti cholesterol yokwera imagwirizana kwambiri ndi matenda oopsa.

Cholesterol okwera amawononga mkhalidwe wamitsempha. Atherosclerosis ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi kumawonjezera chiopsezo cha myocardial infarction.

Monosyllabic, ndizosatheka kuyankha funso: momwe cholesterol imakhudzira kupanikizika, ndi njira ziti zomwe zikukhudzidwa ndi izi. Popanga matenda a atherosulinosis ndi matenda oopsa, gawo lalikulu ndi cholowa. Kuphatikizika kwa zolakwika zazing'ono zamitundu ingapo kumapereka chiwonetsero chachikulu chotsimikiza kuti metabolism ingakhale yovuta ndi zaka.

Cholesterol ndi kamvekedwe ka mtima zimayang'aniridwa ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mahomoni. Koma ali ndi mtengo wofanana wathanzi la mtima ndi mitsempha yamagazi. Matenda nthawi zambiri amakhala ofanana ndipo amaphatikizana mosiyanasiyana. Matendawa ndi matenda a munthu wotukuka. Awa si mawu, koma pamafunika ntchito kuti munthu akhale wathanzi, kuti achepetse zovuta zovuta.

Mu thupi labwino, lipid metabolism imakhala yamphamvu kwambiri. Mapangidwe abwinobwino a cholesterol m'chiwindi amatsitsidwa ndikamamwa ndi chakudya. Ngakhale thupi limapanga lokha palokha, kudya kwambiri kungakhudze kwambiri zomwe zili m'magazi. Kuchuluka kwamafuta a nyama ndi shuga m'magazi ndi chifukwa chosavuta kwambiri chokhala ndi mafuta ambiri.

Ndi zaka, kumwa mafuta am'mafuta kumatha maselo kumachepa, njira zotsitsimutsa zam'mimba zimachepa. Kulandila kuyeneranso kuchepetsedwa pochepetsa mafuta a nyama powonjezera zakudya zamasamba m'zakudya.

Kuchuluka kwa chakudya cham'madzi kumakhalanso kofunikira. Insulin imafunika kuti pakhale shuga wokwanira. Chifukwa cha iye, limalowa m'misempha ndi m'magazi a chiwindi. Insulin sikuti imangokhudza njirayi, imakhudzanso kagayidwe kake, kuphatikiza kuyambitsa mphamvu ya cholesterol synthesis.

Odwala omwe ali ndi matenda amtundu wa 2 ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga matenda a atherosulinosis ndi matenda oopsa. Ayenera kutsatira kwambiri zakudya, samalira. Mlingo wa insulini mwa odwala otere ndiwokwera, koma maselo sawazindikira, chifukwa kuchuluka kwa ma membrane apadera pazizimba zawo kumachepa.

Zikatero, insulin imawonetsa kwambiri "mbali" zake. Imayambitsa kaphatikizidwe wa cholesterol m'chiwindi ndipo imalimbikitsa kudziwika kwamafuta. Odwala akuvutika kwambiri ndi kulemera kwakukulu, asokoneza njira zama microcirculation.

Glucose, yemwe salowa m'misempha ndi chiwindi, amatha kulumikizana ndi mapuloteni osiyanasiyana am'magazi, endothelium yam'mimba ndikusintha katundu wawo. Cholesterol simalowa m'maselo omwe amafunikira, imakhalabe m'madzi a m'magazi, chifukwa ma lipoproteins "abwino" omwe amalumikizidwa ndi glucose amawonongeka mwachangu, ndipo "oyipawo" amakhazikika pamakoma a mitsempha kwambiri, ndikuwonongeka.

Momwe mungasinthire gawo lazapanikizidwe

Kuzungulira voliyumu yamagazi ndi kamvekedwe ka mtima kumakhudza kuthamanga kwa magazi. Njira zakulembera za Hormonal zimayang'ana kuzizindikiro zonsezi ndipo zimalumikizana.

Kusinthana kwa njira zitatu ndikofunikira kuti kuwonjezera mphamvu.

Renin akuwonekera.
Renin amasintha angiotensinogen kukhala angiotensin, ndipo puloteni inayake ya plasma imasinthidwa kukhala mawonekedwe.
Angiotensin imalimbikitsa kutulutsa kwa aldosterone.

Renin ndi enzyme yopangidwa mu impso ndi maselo apadera omwe amamva kwambiri kuthamanga kwa magazi. Mu plasma yamagazi chifukwa cha kusintha kwamitundu ingapo, chinthu chogwira ntchito chimapangidwa - angiotensin II. Imagwira mwachindunji pamtunda wa maselo am'mimba m'makoma amitsempha, kukulitsa kamvekedwe kake, komanso imathandizira kupanga ludzu.

Kuphatikiza apo, angiiotensin imalimbikitsa kutulutsa kwa aldosterone - timadzi tomwe timapangidwa maselo am'mimba a adrenal gland, omwe amakhala m'maselo a impso tubules, amasunga sodium ndi madzi limodzi nawo. Kuchuluka kwa madzimadzi m'zotengera kumawonjezeka.

Zochita zachilengedwe za aldosterone ndizambiri, kuchuluka kwake m'magazi kumayesedwa mabiliyoni a gramu, ndipo izi ndizokwanira kuti zigwire ntchito zake. Cholesterol imakhala chida popanga aldosterone, koma sangachulukitse kapena kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwake.

Ngati mtsempha wama impso wachepetsedwa chifukwa cha zolembera za atherosselotic, magaziwo amapezeka mu impso, ndipo kenako amakonzanso. Zotsatira zake zimadziwika - kuthamanga kwa magazi ndizovuta kuchiza.

Chifukwa chiyani cholesterol yapamwamba imakhala yovulaza

Matenda omwe amaphatikizidwa ndikusinthana kwa mapuloteni kapena zakudya zamafuta zimakhudza kayendedwe ka kaphatikizidwe kapena kuwola kwawo. Mavuto a lipid metabolism amakhudzana kwambiri ndi kayendedwe kawo. Zolinga zakuvulala kwa cholesterol ndi njira zoyendera - mitsempha. Kuchita pang'onopang'ono komanso mopupuluma, akukwaniritsa dzina lake monga wakupha mwakachetechete.

Ma lipoproteins otsika kwambiri amatulutsa cholesterol ku maselo osowa, amatenga owonjezera ndikuwatumiza ku chiwindi. Zachilengedwe sizinapangitse chilichonse kuvulaza.

Lipoproteins imakhala "yoyipa" chifukwa cha kusinthika - makutidwe a okosijeni, kuwonjezera kwa glucose, peroxides, kapena zinthu zina zopanda metabolism. Izi zimasintha kwambiri malo awo, zimasokoneza ntchitoyo. Ma lipoproteins otsika kwambiri amakhala osatetezeka kwambiri. Mukukumana ndi peroxidation, amatha kuwononga chivundikiro chamkati - endothelium.

Ma lipoprotein osinthidwa samabwerera ku chiwindi, amatengeka ndi ma macrophages, maselo a chitetezo cha mthupi. Kupanga cholesterol, amapanga maziko a zolembedwa za atherosulinotic.

Kupsinjika kwakukulu mu atherosulinosis ndi njira yolipira, njira yotumizira kuchuluka kofunikira kwa mpweya kumisempha. Koma sizothandiza pamakoma amitsempha yamagazi, kuwonongeka kwawo sikungasinthe. Mitsempha yomwe yakhudzidwa imakhala yolimba, zolembera zimasokoneza kutuluka kwa magazi.

Kuchuluka kwa chiwopsezo chokhala ndi vuto la mtima ndi mwachindunji nsanje ya cholesterol, kuthamanga kwa magazi, kusuta, jenda komanso zaka. Ngati nkosatheka kukopa jenda komanso zaka, ndiye kuti musiye kusuta ndikutsatira zakudya zomwe aliyense angathe kupeza. Matenda awiriwa pambuyo pake amatha kuchitika pawokha, koma odwala ambiri amafunikirabe kumwa mankhwalawa.

High cholesterol ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi nthawi zambiri zimakhala zopanda zizindikiro, koma nthawi zambiri opha awiriwa omwe amadziwika kuti amapha amakhala pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha matenda a mtima, stroke, ndi matenda ena a mtima.
Dokotala wanu amatha kudziwa izi mwa kuyesa, koma mutha kuwongolera cholesterol yanu komanso kuchuluka kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi ndikupanga kusintha kwa moyo wanu.

Cholesterol ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi.
Thupi lanu limakhala ndi mitundu iwiri ya cholesterol, ndi yochepa komanso yapamwamba kwambiri lipoprotein cholesterol. Mlingo wochepetsetsa wa lipoprotein cholesterol / LDL /, wotchedwa cholesterol "yoyipa", umatseka m'mitsempha, komanso kuchuluka kwa milomo lipoprotein cholesterol / HDL /, cholesterol yabwino, imalepheretsa kubisala ndi kubisirana m'mitsempha.
Kuthamanga kwa magazi anu kukutanthauza mphamvu yomwe imatuluka m'mitsempha. Katswiri wa zaumoyo, dokotala kapena namwino, amatha kuyeza kuthamanga kwa magazi kawiri - mtima wanu ukapuma komanso minofu yanu ikapuma. Magawo awiriwa, kupanikizika kwa systolic ndi diastolic, kunawonetsa kuthekera kwa magazi kufikira ziwalo zofunika monga mtima ndi ubongo.

Zotsatira za kadyedwe ndi zakudya.
Thupi lanu limatulutsa cholesterol ndi ochepa otsika lipoproteins / LDL / safunikira. Zinthu za nyama zikagwidwa, zimatha kukulitsa otsika-osachulukitsa lipoproteins / LDL / zomwe zimakhala zoipa thanzi lanu. Zakudya zanu ndi kulemera kwanu zingakhudzenso kupanga kwa mtundu wina wamafuta wotchedwa triglycerides.
Mwaukadaulo, triglycerides sangatsekere mitsempha. Kuledzera kwa shuga ndi mowa kumatha kuwonjezera triglycerides. Ngati zakudya zanu zimakhala ndi mchere wambiri, zingayambitsenso kuthamanga kwa magazi. Ngakhale mulibe mchere wamchere, mutha kudya mchere wambiri kuposa momwe mungafunikire mukamadya kumalo odyera.

Kutsitsa magazi.
Zakudya zomwe zimalepheretsa kuchepa kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi zimaphatikizapo zonse zomwe zimakhala ndi sodium. Ngati onenepa kwambiri, kuchepetsa thupi kumathandizanso kuchepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi. Mwanjira ina, ndibwino kuti muchepetse ndikuchepetsa kudya zama calorie ambiri, monga maswiti ndi zakudya zamafuta.
Pazakudya zanu, mutha kuwonjezera zida zowongolera kuthamanga kwa magazi, kuthamanga kwa magazi. Zitha kuphatikizapo mtedza, nkhuku, nsomba, chimanga, zipatso, ndiwo zamasamba, komanso mafuta amkaka ochepa.

Kutsitsa cholesterol.
Kuti muchepetse cholesterol, idyani nyama yofiyira yochepa ndi mapuloteni ena, kuphatikiza nyama yamoyo, mazira a mazira, mafuta amkaka otsika. Muyeneranso kupewa mafuta omwe amapezeka mu mafuta a margarine ndi mafuta a masamba a hydrogenated. Yesani kuphika ndi mafuta a azitona. Mutha kuwona kusiyana pakati pamafuta oyipa komanso athanzi mukawaika mufiriji. Mafuta amatha kuuma chifukwa cholumikiza mitsempha. Mafuta omwe amakhalabe mawonekedwe amadzimadzi amatha kukuthandizani kuti muyeretse mitsempha yanu.

Zakudya zomwe mungathe kuwonjezera pazakudya zanu kuti muchepetse cholesterol imakhala ndi fiber yomwe imapezeka muma maapulo ndi oats. Mapuloteni azomera omwe amapezeka m'miyendo ndi nyemba amathandizira kubwezeretsa cholesterol m'magulu ovomerezeka. Kuti akhalebe olimba, ndikofunikira kusuntha kwambiri - kukhala mokhazikika ndi koipa.

Atherosclerosis ndi ochepa matenda oopsa kwambiri. Kuti mumvetsetse momwe cholesterol imakhudzira kupanikizika, muyenera kudziwa mapangidwe ake. Kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi mafuta m'thupi kwambiri ndi zinthu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mavuto azisokonekera. Kuphatikiza, zinthu zoterezi zimayambitsa chiopsezo cha kupangidwa kwa mtima.

Kodi cholesterol ndi chiyani?

Ma lipids a plasma amayimilidwa ndi tizigawo ting'onoting'ono: mafuta achilengedwe aulere, triglycerides, phospholipids ndi cholesterol esters. Zinthu zoterezi zimapatsa mphamvu mphamvu komanso chakudya chathupi, ndimagawo onse amapangidwe, zimagwira ntchito zolimbitsa thupi, zotenthetsera kutentha, zimateteza ziwalo ku kuwonongeka kwa makina, komanso zimachita nawo njira zopangira magazi. Ma estlesterol esters amaphatikizika kumapuloteni kuti apange ma protein (lipoproteins). Lipoproteins amatenga nawo mbali motere:

Sonyezani kukakamiza kwanu

kapangidwe ka ma cellel (myelin sheaths ndi bilipid wosanjikiza maselo ofiira a magazi),
kaphatikizidwe kazinthu zina (mahomoni, vitamini D, bile),
kasamalidwe ka biochemical process (glyconeogeneis).

Qualitative komanso kuchuluka kwa cholesterol metabolism imatchedwa dyslipidemia. Kuphatikizana ndi kuwonongeka kwa makoma amitsempha yamagazi, kulephera kwamafuta kagayidwe ndiko chifukwa chachikulu chopanga atherosclerosis. Mu khoma la mtima, lipid deposits (mapepala) amapangika, chifukwa chomwe ziwiya zimachepetsedwa ndipo pali kusokonezeka kwa magazi.

Kodi chakudya chimakhala cholakwa nthawi zonse?

Ndi chakudya chochokera m'matumbo, pafupifupi 20% ya cholesterol imalowa m'magazi, ena onse amapangidwa m'chiwindi. Dyslipidemia imagawidwa kukhala pulayimale ndi sekondale. Zomwe zimayambitsa ndizobadwa komanso zinthu zachilengedwe. Sekondale amayamba chifukwa cha matenda osiyanasiyana: mtundu 2 shuga, hypothyroidism, kunenepa kwambiri, uchidakwa, zovuta za chiwindi ndi impso, cholestasis. Kuchuluka kwa cholesterol kumalumikizidwa ndi kugwiritsa ntchito beta-blockers, thiazide diuretics, corticosteroids.

Ndi kumwa kwamafuta ambiri a nyama, dyslipidemia imachitika. Pathology imatha kuchitika kamodzi (pambuyo pa phwando) kapena kukhala kwamuyaya. Kupititsa patsogolo kuchuluka kwa cholesterol m'magazi ndi chakudya chofulumira, margarine, nyama yamzitini, zakudya zakonzedwa, mitundu ina ya tchizi ndi makeke.

Ubale pakati pa cholesterol ndi kupanikizika

Kuphwanya kagayidwe kachakudya mu thupi ndi endothelial kukanika kwa mtima bedi ndiko kuwonekera koyamba kwa mtima zam'mitsempha yamagazi zomwe zimayambitsa kugunda kwa mtima, stroko kapena thromboembolism. Ndi cholesterol yokwera m'magazi, mafuta ochulukirapo "amayandama". Pamene umphumphu wasweka ndipo endothelium imayatsidwa, ma lipids ochokera m'mwazi amalowa mu intima (khoma la chotengera), pomwe ma atherosranceotic malo amapangira nthawi. Mapilala amachepetsa lumen ya chombo, kuphwanya kutalika kwake, ndipo ndi chimodzi mwazifukwa zopangitsa matenda oopsa. Nawonso, kuthamanga kwa magazi kumakhudza kwambiri makoma amitsempha yamagazi, zomwe zimayambitsa kutupa, kuwonda komanso kumasula kwa endothelium (mkati wamkati mwa chotengera). Chifukwa chake, kuthamanga kwa magazi kungayambitse mapangidwe a atherosulinotic plaques.

Zizindikiro

Kuti mudziwe kuchuluka kwa cholesterol, kuyezetsa kwamwazi wamagazi kumachitika. Mulingo wamba wa plasma lipid amawonetsedwa pagome. Zizindikiro zomwe zapezedwa zimathandiza kuwerengera mndandanda wa atherogenic - m'munsi mwake, ndibwino. Mlozowo umawonetsa kuchuluka kwa cholesterol “yoyipa” (yotsika komanso yotsika kwambiri, triglycerides) kukhala "yabwino" (kukwera kwambiri). Mlozera wa atherogenic pansipa 4 umawerengedwa kuti ndivomerezeka. Zowonjezera zomwe zimachitika muofesi ya adotolo zitha kukhala chifukwa cha kupsinjika kapena kulimbitsa thupi. Koma ngati zizindikiro za miyeso ingapo zikupitilira 140/90 mm RT. Art., Lankhulani za matenda oopsa.

Momwe mungachepetse cholesterol ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi?

Zambiri zomwe zimapangitsa kukwera kwa kukakamiza ndi kuwonjezeka kwa cholesterol yamagazi sizingatheke kusintha. Uwu ndi m'badwo, jenda, chibadwa chamtsogolo, kupezeka kwa matenda amodzimodzi (matenda 2 a shuga). Koma pali zina zomwe munthu amapanga payekha:

kusuta
kumwa mowa mwauchidakwa ndi zakumwa zoziziritsa kukhosi (zamankhwala opangidwa ndi khofi),
kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi ochepa, kukhala moyo wosalira zambiri, kugwira ntchito "
kunenepa.

Ngati, atathetsa zonse zomwe zingachitike pachiwopsezo, wodwalayo akadali ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi cholesterol, mankhwala amalembedwa, poganizira kuchuluka kwa matendawa, komanso kupezeka kapena kusapezeka kwa zinthu zina zowopsa.Chifukwa chake, malinga ndi malingaliro a WHO, mankhwala ochepetsa zamadzimadzi amapatsidwa kwa odwala onse omwe ali ndi chiopsezo chowonjezereka cha matenda a mtima, mosasamala kanthu za kuchuluka kwa cholesterol m'magazi.

Mawonekedwe a kuthamanga kwa magazi

Kuphatikiza pazinthu ziwiri zomwe zimapangitsa kupsinjika:

kuchuluka kwa mtima womwe umagwirizana ndi magazi kupopa magazi kudzera mthupi
momwe minofu yopapatiza kapena yopumira imakhalira

Pali chizolowezi chachilengedwe chowonjezera kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi ukalamba chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa elaricity ya arterial system. Pachifukwa ichi, ukalamba ndi zina mwazinthu zomwe zimayenera kukumbukiridwa mukamayang'ana munthu wowonetsa matenda oopsa.

Nthawi zambiri, anthu omwe ali ndi magazi a systolic okwera kwambiri kuposa magazi a 140 kapena diastolic pamwambapa 85 amafuna chithandizo kuti achepetse kuthamanga kwa magazi. Anthu omwe achepetsa magazi pang'ono (kuyambira 130 mpaka 140 ngati ali ndi systolic komanso kuchokera ku 80 mpaka 85) akakumana ndi vuto la diastolic) amafunikanso kulandira chithandizo ngati ali ndi chiopsezo chotenga matenda a mtima, monga stroke kapena angina pectoris.

Matenda omwe amawoneka kuti ndi oopsa amathandizidwanso, omwe amawoneka ngati ali kuchipatala, mwachitsanzo, kuchipatala kapena pa opareshoni, koma osakhala mu zochitika za tsiku ndi tsiku. Chithandizo chapamwamba kwambiri cha matenda oopsa chitha kupewetsa kuthana ndi vutoli ndikukulitsa chiyembekezo chamoyo. Kuperewera kwa chithandizo choyenera kumatha kuchepetsa chiyembekezo chokhala moyo chifukwa chakuchulukitsidwa kwazovuta, monga kufooka kwa mtima kapena stroko.

Zifukwa zakuchuluka kwa cholesterol komanso matenda oopsa

Tsoka ilo, matenda oopsa ndi cholesterol yambiri ngakhale m'maiko otukuka amathandizira kwambiri pakuwonongeka kwa thanzi la anthu ambiri. Pali zifukwa zingapo. Anthu ambiri amanyalanyaza mavuto azaumoyo ndipo, ngakhale ali ndi zizindikiro zowopsa, samapita kuchipatala. Anthu ambiri omwe amadziwa kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi kukwera kwa cholesterol amanyalanyaza vutoli ndipo samamwa mankhwala omwe amaletsa kukula kwa matenda oopsa komanso kuthana ndi mafuta m'thupi.

Mwa zina mwazakudya zomwe zimapangitsa kuti magazi azikhala ndi matenda oopsa komanso mafuta ambiri, pali:

Pafupifupi gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a sodium amadziwidwa kudzera muukadaulo wa chakudya ndi zakudya zopangira ukadaulo. Sodium imabweretsa kuwonjezeka kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi pazinthu zomwe zimachitika tsiku ndi tsiku. Kufalikira kwa zinthu zopangidwa ndiukadaulo, zakudya zosavuta ndi chakudya chofulumira kumabweretsa kuti chakudya cha anthu ambiri akumayiko otukuka chimakhala ndi sodium, zomwe zimawononga thanzi lawo.
Munthu wamakono amadya mafuta ambiri omwe amapezeka pachakudya chothamanga, zakudya zosavuta komanso chakudya chodyera. Anthu ocheperako komanso ochepa amakhala ndi zakudya zabwino zomwe zimatsindika zakudya zathunthu komanso zachilengedwe.
Pakati pa anthu ambiri, kusuta, kusachita masewera olimbitsa thupi, komanso kusazindikira thanzi lawo kuli ponseponse.

Zotsatira zamankhwala oopsa komanso cholesterol yayikulu pakuwona

Kwa thanzi lamaso, kuthamanga kwa magazi kwa ziwalozi ndikofunikira kwambiri. Kuwonongeka kwa magazi kumabweretsa zotsatira zoyipa pamkhalidwe wamaso ndi mawonekedwe amaso. Ndiye chifukwa chake matenda olembetsa magazi ndi cholesterol yambiri imatha kudzetsa mavuto ndi chiwalochi ngati sichichitira bwino. Kuchepa kwa magazi ndi cholesterol yowonjezereka imatha kufooketsa ndikuchepa kwa mitsempha yamagazi yomwe imachepetsa diso. Pali mitundu yamatenda a chiwalo chowoneka chifukwa chophwanya magazi ake.

Kuwerengetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi cholesterol yochulukirapo

Nthawi zambiri, matenda oopsa amathanso kuwongoleredwa kudzera mu mankhwala ndi moyo komanso kusintha kwaumoyo. Momwe munthu adzadyera pambuyo poulula matenda ake oopsa, zimatsimikizira kuchuluka kwa zovuta zake. Komabe, pafupifupi 10-15 peresenti ya milandu ndi yovuta kwambiri kuchiza. Odwala omwe chithandizo chamankhwala ambiri amafunikira kuchokera ku mitundu 4 ya mankhwala omwe amadziwika kuti akupitilira matenda oopsa. Thupi la anthu ena, chifukwa cha umunthu wawo, sililandira bwino mankhwala omwe amapezeka kawirikawiri.

Odwala angapo amatha kudwala matenda oyipa. Nthawi yomweyo, odwala ena oopsa amathanso kukhala ndi mfundo zapamwamba za cholesterol, zomwe sizitha kuthetsedwa mothandizidwa ndi ma statins. Posachedwa, mankhwala atsopano apangidwa, kuphatikiza PCSK9 inhibitors, omwe amatha kuthandizira mochedwa magawo ndi njira zotsutsana ndi matenda oopsa.

Zomwe kuchuluka kwa cholesterol magazi kumatha kukwera

Cholesterol yoyipa imatha kudzuka chifukwa cha zifukwa zingapo. Munthu wathanzi amalamulidwa ndi lipoproteins yapamwamba.

Metabolism ya cholesterol imayamba kusokonekera pamene munthu wadutsa zaka zapakati pa 45. Choyamba, kusintha koteroko kumawonedwa mwa azimayi panthawi yomwe akusamba, thupi likayamba kusintha kwa mahomoni chifukwa chakuchepa.

Komanso, kuwonjezera kulemera kumatha kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa cholesterol yoyipa. Kuti muwerenge mlozera wamasamba a thupi ndikuwonetsetsa zomwe zingachitike, kulemera kwa munthu kumagawidwa ndi kutalika kwake mumtunda, kukwera mpaka digiri yachiwiri.

Mukalandira index 27, muyenera kulingaliranso moyo wanu ndikusintha kukhala ndi zakudya zoyenera.
Indicator 30 imanena za chiwopsezo cha kusokonezeka kwa metabolic ndi metabolic.
Ngati mulingo uli pamwambapa 40, iyi ndi chiwerengero chovuta chomwe chikufunika kuchepetsedwa.

Kholesterol yosavomerezeka imatha kudyeka chifukwa cha zakudya zopanda thanzi pomwe wodwala akudya zakudya zamafuta kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, kuphatikiza magazi ndibwino kudya zipatso, ndiwo zamasamba ndi zakudya zama protein, koma simungathe kupatula mafuta.

Ndi zaka, kuchuluka kwa mafuta m'thupi kumatha kuwonjezeka. Ngati wachibale wina wadwala matenda oopsa kapena matenda ena a mtima, wodwalayo nthawi zambiri amawulula za cholowa cham'tsogolo chofuna kusokoneza magazi.

Makamaka, chomwe chimayambitsa ndikupezeka kwa zizolowezi zoyipa, matenda a shuga kapena zina zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi kugwira ntchito kwa chithokomiro cha chithokomiro.

Chifukwa chophwanya dongosolo lamtima wamtima mwa anthu, osati matenda oopsa okha, komanso matenda oopsa amadziwika.

Zotsatira za cholesterol yayikulu pamagazi

Atherosclerosis ndi matenda oopsa okha sizimayambitsa imfa, koma zimapangitsa kuti wodwalayo afe. Izi pathologies zimathandizira kukulitsa zovuta zamtima komanso kuonjezera ngozi ya matenda oopsa.

Makamaka, kuchuluka kwa cholesterol plaque m'mitsempha yamagazi kumayambitsa kulowerera kwa myocardial, stroko, thrombosis, ndikutsatiridwa kwa kufalikira kwam'mitsempha ya m'mapapo komanso pulmonary edema, komanso khansa. Wodwala akaulula cholakwika chomwe chimayambitsa kulumikizana ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi, muyenera kufunsa dokotala ndikuyamba kulandira chithandizo.

Cholesterol imadziunjikira monga mapangidwe a atherosulinotic, omwe amachepetsa lumen m'mitsempha yamagazi, amachepetsa magazi, kuphatikiza minofu yamtima, ndikupangitsa kuti pakhale ziwopsezo zamagazi owopsa. Mkhalidwe wofananawo umayambitsanso hemoglobin yokwera kwambiri.

Ngati kuthamanga kwa magazi m'matumbo a ubongo kukwera, amatha kupasuka ndikupangitsa hemorrhagic stroke.

Zizindikiro za Hypertension

Matenda oopsa amatha kukhala ndi mawonekedwe osatha komanso owopsa. Zowopsa za kuthamanga kwa magazi zimayendera limodzi ndi tinnitus, kupweteka mutu, kusachedwa kutopa, kutopa kwa malingaliro, kuchepa kwakanthawi kwa mphamvu ya malingaliro pantchito, chizungulire, kukumbukira kukumbukira, kusowa tulo komanso kusowa tulo.

Zizindikirozi zimawonetsa kuchepa kwa magazi kwakanthawi, pomwe munthu ali ndi mantha kapena adzapulumuka pamavuto. Mkhalidwe woterewu sichizindikiro cha kuchuluka kwamafuta acid m'magazi, komabe ndikofunika kufunsa adokotala ndikuyezetsa.

Kuwonjezeka kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi kungayambike chifukwa chotsatira:

Kusuta ndi kumwa
Kukhala ndi moyo wongokhala
Kukhalapo kwa kubadwa kwa cholowa,
Kuvutitsidwa kwa zakudya zamafuta ndi shuga,
Kulephera kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse
Kunenepa kwambiri
Kupsinjika pafupipafupi ndi kupsinjika.

Popeza kuchuluka kwa kupsinjika ndi cholesterol kumachitika chifukwa cha zifukwa zofananira, nthawi zambiri zochitika izi zimalumikizidwa.

Kuyerekeza kwa cholesterol metabolism

Kuti adziwe zofunikira za cholesterol m'thupi, adotolo amafufuza kuyesa kwa magazi. Onaninso mbiri ya lipid ya wodwalayo, kuganizira zina zake.

Cholesterol wamba ndi 3.2-5.6 mmol / lita. Mlingo wa triglycerides umaphatikizapo osiyanasiyana kuchokera pa 0,41 mpaka 1,8 mmol / lita. Kuchulukitsa kwa lipoproteins kovomerezeka sikupitirira 1,71-3,5 mmol / lita, mulingo wa lipoproteins wapamwamba kwambiri ndi 0.9 mmol / lita.

Kuthekera kwa atherogenic mwa munthu wathanzi sikoposa 3.5. Poterepa, kuchuluka kwabwinobwino kwa anthu omwe awonekera mu lipid mbiri kumasiyana, kutengera ndi ma labotale omwe amasankhidwa kuti ayesedwe magazi.

Zizindikiro zina zosatsata zingasonyeze cholesterol yokwezeka:

Chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa mitsempha ya m'mimba, matenda amtima mu mawonekedwe a matenda a ischemic nthawi zambiri amakula.
Zikatulutsa magazi ambiri, magazi amawonekera.
Ma granulomas amafuta amapezeka pakhungu, lomwe limawonetsedwa ndi kutupa kwakupweteka pakhungu.
M'malo molumikizana ndi chifuwa, wodwalayo amamva kuwawa.
Pamaso pa nkhope mutha kuwona mawanga achikasu, ndipo m'dera lamakona amaso mumakhala pang'ono.
Kumva kulemera ndi kuwawa kumawoneka m'miyendo, ngakhale katunduyo ndi wopanda ntchito.

Ngati zizindikiro zina zikuwoneka, pitani kuchipatala kuti muchepetse kuwonjezereka kwa cholesterol panthawi.

Momwe mungachepetse cholesterol

Kuti mupeze mtengo wotsika, muyenera kuganizira kaye zakudya zanu ndikusinthira ku zakudya zapadera zochizira. Maphalalowa akuphatikiza mafuta ochulukirapo ndipo samaphatikizira amadzala.

Mkaka wonse umasinthidwa ndi mafuta ochepa amkaka. Ma saladi amawokometsera ndi mafuta a masamba osapanga. Katundu wophika ndi wophika samasiyidwa momwe angathere.

Ndikofunika kulipira mwapadera zakudya zamasamba. Monga lamulo, anthu omwe amakana nyama amakhala ndi cholesterol yotsika kwambiri kuposa okonda nyama. Sikuti ndikusintha kwathunthu ku dongosololi, koma kuchepa kwa zakudya zamafuta a nyama kumabweretsa phindu lokha.
Nsomba zamchere zamchere zimayenera kuphatikizidwa pafupipafupi mndandanda wazakudya za matenda ashuga; zimakhala ndi mafuta ochulukirapo, omwe amathandiza kuchepetsa magazi m'thupi. Chifukwa chake, osagwiritsa ntchito safunika kusiya nsomba, mackerel, hering'i, sardines, nsomba.
Onetsetsani kuti mukugwiritsa ntchito mafuta a azitona, mankhwalawa ali ndi katundu wosiyana ndi wowongolera mafuta a cholesterol ndiwothandiza kwambiri kuposa zakudya zamafuta ochepa.
Seaweed imakhala ndi ayodini, izi zimathandizira kuti metabolism yamafuta ikhale yambiri ndikugwiritsa ntchito ndikuchotsa cholesterol m'thupi. Koma ndikofunikira kuyang'anira mlingo, chifukwa ayodini amatha kuyambitsa khungu komanso khungu.
Monga gawo la zakudyazo, mafinya osungunuka amagwiritsidwa ntchito, omwe ali ndi maapulo ambiri, nyemba zouma, nandolo, nyemba, oatmeal ndi zinthu zina.

Kuti mukwaniritse izi, muyenera kutsatira zakudya nthawi zonse, osachoka palingaliro la akatswiri azakudya. Kupumula kochepa tsiku lililonse kumaloledwa kuchitika masabata awiri aliwonse, ngati pakufunika.

Chakudya chizikhala chokwanira komanso chosiyanasiyana kuti munthu azitha kupeza michere ndi mavitamini onse osowa, komanso kubwezeretsanso malo osungirako mphamvu. Mafuta osapatsa thanzi komanso mafuta othamanga omwe amadyedwa samachotsedwa muzakudyazo, ndipo zakudya zama protein ambiri zimadyedwa m'malo mwake.

Chakudya chizikhala chopindika, kasanu mpaka sikisi patsiku m'magawo ang'onoang'ono. Zinthu zopangidwa ndi shuga ndi shuga ziyenera kutayidwa, zimasinthidwa ndi zipatso zouma ndi uchi.
Kuphatikiza zoletsedwa ndi nkhumba zamafuta, mafuta anyama, soseji, margarine, mayonesi, msuzi wamasitolo, zakudya zosavuta, zakudya zam'chitini, zakumwa zoziziritsa kukhosi za kaboni.
Kuti mupeze chithandizo, muyenera kudya zopatsa mphamvu - chimanga, chimanga, buledi, tirigu, mafuta ambiri amkaka, mazira, nyama, nsomba, masamba, zipatso ndi zipatso.

Kuti muchepetse kuthamanga kwa magazi, kudya zakudya zamafuta ambiri kumalimbikitsa. Ndi onenepa kwambiri, zakudya ziyeneranso kukhala ndi cholinga chochepetsa thupi. Zakudya ziyenera kukonzedwa popanda mchere, chifukwa chinthuchi chimayambitsa matenda oopsa.

Kutsitsa magazi.
Zakudya zomwe zimalepheretsa kuchepa kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi zimaphatikizapo zonse zomwe zimakhala ndi sodium. Ngati onenepa kwambiri, kuchepetsa thupi kumathandizanso kuchepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi. Mwanjira ina, ndibwino kuti muchepetse ndikuchepetsa kudya zama calorie ambiri, monga maswiti ndi zakudya zamafuta.
Pazakudya zanu, mutha kuwonjezera zida zowongolera kuthamanga kwa magazi, kuthamanga kwa magazi.Zitha kuphatikizapo mtedza, nkhuku, nsomba, chimanga, zipatso, ndiwo zamasamba, komanso mafuta amkaka ochepa.

Mavutowa ndi achilengedwe mwachilengedwe. Kuphatikiza pa kugaya kwa thupi, kuledzera kwamkati, kusakhazikika kwamitsempha komanso chitetezo chokwanira, vuto la kayendedwe ka magazi limakhala ndi zotsatira zoyipa kwambiri pakuchita kwanu.

"Ntchito" yamtima ndi m'mitsempha yamagazi ndikupereka michere ndi mpweya mu cell iliyonse ndikuchotsa zopangidwa ndi metabolic. Ngakhale ziwalo zina zizigwira bwino ntchito, ngati sitimazo sizitha kuthana ndi ntchito yawo, zimamva kuti sizikutheka. Asayansi ena amati matenda onse osachiritsika amakhala ndi maziko amodzi pamlingo wa matenda: "ischemia" - kuperewera kwa zakudya komanso "hypoxia" - kuchepa kwa mpweya.

Chifukwa chake, kufalikira kwa magawo amitsempha yamagazi ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi kudzera mwa iwo, kukongola kwa magazi ndi kamvekedwe ka mtima ndizopindulitsa kwambiri pakubweretsa thanzi lanu!

Komabe, njira ya adotolo pakuchepetsa cholesterol ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi makina.

Zosankha zingapo zapamwamba zimatsikira ku zakudya zopanda mafuta a cholesterol, ma statins ndi antihypertensive mankhwala. Zikafika pamavuto amitsempha yamagazi okalamba kuposa zaka 75, zitha kukhala zoyenera kuvomereza izi, chifukwa nthawi yatayika kale ndipo pali kutchulidwa komwe kwasinthidwa mwanjira ya malo a atherosulinotic, chiopsezo cha ischemia ndichachikulu.

Koma nthawi zambiri mumangokhala a 45-50, ndipo adotolo akufuna kuti akupatseni mapiritsi olimba a mankhwala, osatsimikizira kuti pakatha zaka khumi azithandizabe, ndipo mutha kugwira ntchito modekha. Kenako kusaka kumayambira wowerengeka azitsamba zamagazi ndi kuyeretsa kwamitsempha yamagazi. Komatu, tsoka, ambiri a iwo amangokhala osasangalala, kapena otetezeka monga momwe mumawaganizira.

Chifukwa chiyani cholesterol yapamwamba imakhala yoopsa

Kuchuluka kwa mafuta acids m'magazi nthawi zambiri kumabweretsa zovuta zazikulu. Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa makoma a mtima ndi cholesterol, omwe amatsogolera pakupanga cholesterol plaques. Mokulirapo maphunziro, amakhala owopsa pazotsatira zake.

Choyamba, kuunikira kwa ziwiya kumachepetsedwa, ndipo izi zimalepheretsa kufalikira koyenera kwa magazi. Pakadali pano, katundu wambiri amabwera m'makoma a mtima, amatopa kwambiri ndipo amakhala osalimba.

Kachiwiri, zolembera za cholesterol zimatha kutuluka nthawi iliyonse ndikulowa m'magazi amtundu uliwonse. Izi zimatsogolera ku kufalikira kwake, ndipo izi ndizowopsa pamoyo wa munthu.

Tsoka ilo, popanda kusanthula, sizingatheke kuzindikira matendawo, izi zimatha kupezeka pokhapokha ngati mwazindikira njira zina.

Momwe cholesterol yayikulu imakhudzira kuthamanga kwa magazi

Zomwe zimapangitsa kuti magazi azithamanga kwambiri zimagwirizana ndi kukhalapo kwa hyperlipidemia. Mankhwala okwera a cholesterol amakweza mafuta m'makoma a mitsempha yamagazi. Maselo ofiira amatha kudziunjikira pamwamba pamafelemu amafuta awa. Chifukwa cha izi, kuchepa kwa gawo la gawo la chotengera kumachitika. Chifukwa chake, kutsika kwa patency ya chotengera kumakhudza kupsinjika, ndikuwonjezera.

Zithunzi 120/80 mm Hg. Art. amatengedwa ngati magazi abwinobwino. Ndi chitukuko cha matenda oopsa, madigiri atatu amasiyanitsidwa:

Pa digiri yoyamba, manambala a BP otsatirawa ndi amodzi: kupanikizika kwa systolic: 140–159, ndi kukakamiza kwa diastolic 90-99,
Lachiwiri likuphatikiza zizindikiro izi: systolic 160-179, diastolic 100-109,
Chachitatu: 180 kapena kuposa / 110 ndi zina zambiri.

Digiri yachitatu ndiwokhwima kwambiri, yodziwika ndi zotupa zoopsa komanso zotupa zomwe zimagwira ntchito. Mulingo woyenera kwambiri wa cholesterol yathunthu m'magazi sayenera kupitirira 5.2 mmol / L.

Cholesterol ndi kupanikizika nthawi zambiri kumayendetsedwa ndi zovuta za arrhythmic. Kugunda kumawonjezeka, kuchititsa kusasangalala mumtima, chizungulire. Nawonso, kuchuluka kwa magazi ambiri m'makoma amitsempha yamagazi kumapangitsa kuti magazi azikhala osokonekera komanso kuwonjezereka.

Zomwe zimayambitsa kwambiri Hypercholesterolemia ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi zimatha kuphatikizidwa mndandanda umodzi:

Zinthu zoyipa
Chakudya chopweteketsa
Kusuta, mowa,
Njira zogwirizana ndi zaka
Matenda a chiwindi ndi impso,
Nthawi zina mimba.

High cholesterol, kuthamanga kwa magazi, kunenepa kwambiri ndi matenda opatsirana omwe amadziwikanso kuti metabolic syndrome. Mwa chithandizo chake, ndikofunikira kuti zonse ziyambe kunenepa. Izi zimabweretsa kutsika kwakanthawi kwa mavuto limodzi ndi lipids popanda kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala.

High cholesterol ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi

Hyperlipidemia kuphatikiza ochepa matenda oopsa amafuna kuwongolera kwapadera ndi njira zochizira. Mu gawo loyambilira lazomwe mwapeza ma pathologies awa, ndikokwanira kusintha moyo kuti mupewe kupitilira kwa zovuta zazikulu. Popeza cholesterol yokwezeka komanso matenda oopsa zimalumikizana, chithandizo cha vuto limodzi chimakhala ndi zotsatira zabwino nthawi yomweyo. Mwanjira ina, kudya mafuta ochepa kumangoletsa cholesterol, komanso kumathandizira kuwonongeka kwa matenda oopsa.

Zotheka

Matenda oopsa a arterial and atherosulinosis a mitsempha yamagazi palimodzi amatha kukhala chifukwa chodwala matenda a mtima. Ndi hyperlipidemia, ziwiya zamadzimadzi nazonso zili pachiwopsezo cha thrombosis. Kuchepetsa magazi mwadzidzidzi gawo lina la ubongo kumatchedwa stroko. Vutoli limayendera limodzi ndi ziwalo, kukhumudwa pakulankhula, pamakhala chiopsezo chachikulu cha kufa.

Matenda otsatirawa atha kukhala zovuta za hyperlipidemia limodzi ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi:

Myocardial infaration
Angina pectoris, angina pectoris,
Chidziwitso cha mitsempha yayikulu,
Mitsempha yakuya ya m'munsi,
Pulmonary embolism.

Phunziro la Framingham

Kafukufuku wopangidwa ndi akuluakulu a U.S. Heart Institute mu 1948. Phunziroli lidakhudza anthu onse okhala ku Framingham, aliyense wa iwo ankayezetsa matenda amtima pazaka ziwiri zilizonse.

Zotsatira zake, gome la mfundo linapangidwa lomwe likuwonetsa chiopsezo (%) chakufa ndi matenda amtima pazaka 10 zotsatira.

Gome lonselo limakhazikitsidwa pa zaka, jenda, cholesterol, kukakamira kwa systolic komanso ngati pali chizolowezi chosuta.

Mutha kuwerenga mawu athu onse mu Russia pano.

Zowopsa ndi lipids zapamwamba zimakhala ndizomwe zimayambitsa, komanso njira zopewera. Sikovuta kuletsa kukula kwa matenda oopsa; ndikokwanira kuwunika kolesterol ya magazi ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi. Ndikofunika kukumbukira kuti koyambirira, njira zonse ziwirizi zitha kuyimitsidwa popanda mankhwala, koma pokhapokha podyera komanso masewera.

Sodium ndi Cholesterol

Sodium ndi mchere wofunikira womwe thupi limagwiritsa ntchito kuti ugwire bwino mthupi, umathandizanso pakukweza. Malinga ndi kafukufuku amene asayansi atachita ku United States of Heart, Lung, and Blood ku United States, kumwa kwambiri mchereyu kungayambitse matenda oopsa. Akatswiri amalimbikitsa kuti asamamwe mamiligrama 2300 a sodium tsiku lililonse, womwe ndi wofanana ndi supuni imodzi yamchere. Ngati munthu ali ndi matenda oopsa, kudya mafuta amtunduwu kuyenera kutsitsidwa kukhala ma milligram 1,500.

Cholesterol imachita mbali yofunika kwambiri m'thupi monga mbali imodzi ya ziwalo za m'maselo ndi njira zingapo zamitundu mitundu. Komabe, kudya tsiku lililonse kwa chipangizochi sikuyenera kupitirira 300 milligrams patsiku.

Zakudya zoyenera gulu la cholesterol yayikulu komanso matenda oopsa

Bungwe la U.S. National Institute of Heart, Lung, and Blood (U.S. National Institute of Heart, Lung, and damu) lalimbikitsa kuti pakhale zakudya zomwe zimathandiza kuthana ndi matenda oopsa. Akatswiri apanga zakudya zingapo zomwe zimakonda kuthana ndi kukakamizidwa chifukwa cha chakudya. Zakudya izi, zomwe zimatsimikizidwa kwambiri paz kuchuluka zamafuta omwe amwedwa, ndikofunikira kuti pakhale mafuta a cholesterol abwinobwino.

Komanso, zofunika kwambiri pazakudya zomwe akatswiri amafufuza zimaperekedwa kuzowonjezera sodium. Zambiri mwazakudya izi ndizolinga zochepetsera kugwiritsa ntchito mchere wa patebulo. Akatswiri samalimbikitsa kuti muzidya mchere wambiri kuposa supuni imodzi ya mchere patsiku. Zakudya zopangidwa ndi matenda oopsa, mafuta sakhala opitilira 27% yama calories omwe amadya. Komabe, mafuta ambiri amayenera kukhala mafuta achilengedwe a polyunsaturated, ndipo mafuta achilengedwe amtundu wa nyama sayenera kupitilira 6% ya kudya kalori kokwanira.

Kusankha kwamafuta azakudya

Pofuna kuchepetsa cholesterol yamagazi, ndikofunikira kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwamafuta a nyama za nyama zam'mafamu ndi mbalame. Chepetsani kugwiritsa ntchito nyama yokazinga, nyama yankhumba, masoseji ndi masoseji. Ngati mukufuna kudya nyama, muyenera kusankha mitundu yamafuta ochepa opanda mafuta. Njira yabwino ndikudya nkhuku zamafuta ochepa opanda khungu.

Ndizoyenera kuphatikiza nsomba muzakudya zanu, popeza zimakhala ndi omega-3 mafuta achilengedwe omwe amathandiza kuchepetsa mafuta m'thupi. Nthawi zambiri, akatswiri azakudya amalimbikitsa kuti asinthe mafuta ndi margarine, omwe amakhala ndi mafuta ochepa a nyama, komanso amagwiritsa ntchito mafuta a mkaka ochepa. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito kufalikira, ndikofunikira kupewa mafuta omwe ali ndi mafuta oyipa oyipa. Mafuta a Trans amapezekanso m'mitundu yambiri yazakudya zachangu komanso zakudya zosavuta.

Gwiritsani ntchito mafuta abwino azamasamba, monga mpiru, wogwiririra, kapena mafuta a azitona pophika kuphika. Anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi cholesterol amayenera kudziwa bwino zomwe zimapezeka muzakudya zomwe zalembedwa phukusi. Ndikofunikira kupatula kapena kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito zakudya zomwe zimakhala ndi mafuta a trans ndi mafuta ochepa a hydrogenated.

Mafuta a azitona a cholesterol yayikulu komanso matenda oopsa

Anthu omwe akudwala matenda oopsa komanso cholesterol yayikulu sayenera kumwa mafuta onse ngati gwero la mavuto awo. Mafuta a azitona amathanso kumamwa mosamala kwambiri ndi matenda oopsa komanso mafuta ambiri. Zimathandizira kupewa matenda oopsa ndipo zimathandizira kuchepetsa cholesterol. Pali mitundu yambiri yamafuta a azitona, kapangidwe kake komwe kamatengera ukadaulo wokonzekera. Phindu lalikulu kwambiri kwa anthu omwe akudwala matenda oopsa ndi cholesterol yayikulu ali mumafuta a maolivi osawerengeka.

Mafuta Okhala ndi Mafuta a Maolivi

Kafukufuku akuwonetsa kuti mafuta a azitona amathandizira kupewa matenda oopsa, komabe, sangathe kuchiritsa matenda awa. Pa phunziroli, odwala okalamba omwe adalandira chithandizo cha matenda oopsa adagawika m'magulu awiri. Woyamba ankadya mafuta owonjezera a maolivi mu zakudya zawo, pomwe wachiwiri ankakonda kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta a mpendadzuwa. Pambuyo pa miyezi 4, zidawonetsedwa kuti mafuta a azitona amachepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi kuposa mpendadzuwa. Izi zikuthandizira kuti kuphatikiza mafuta azitona oyambilira ozizira mu chakudya kungathandize kupewa matenda oopsa.

Kupewa

Kuti mudziteteze momwe mungathere kuyambira pachiwopsezo cha matenda, ndikofunikira kutsatira njira zina zodzitetezera:

Kupewa kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi miyeso imodzimodzi. Kuphatikiza apo, muyenera kulabadira zochitika zam'maganizo. Pofuna kuti musayambitse kudwala, muyenera kupewa zovuta zomwe zingakupatseni tulo komanso kugona mokwanira.

Mutha kusambanso kutsitsimutsa ndi mafuta ofunikira (zipatso, mkungudza, chamomile ndi ena), kuchititsa magawo a aromatherapy ndikusamba kosamba kulimbitsa thupi. Chachikulu pankhaniyi ndikukumbukira kuti moyo wathanzi ndi chinsinsi cha moyo wautali komanso njira yabwino yothetsera mavuto azaumoyo.

Cholesterol okwera amawononga mkhalidwe wamitsempha. Atherosclerosis ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi kumawonjezera chiopsezo cha myocardial infarction.