• Imakhazikika pamisempha ya shuga kwa nthawi yayitali
• Imabwezeretsa kapangidwe ka insulin

Owerenga athu adagwiritsa ntchito bwino Aterol kutsitsa cholesterol. Kuwona kutchuka kwa malonda, tidaganiza zoperekera chidwi chanu.

Cholesterol ndi chinthu chovuta kwambiri chokhala ngati mafuta chopezeka m'mimba ya maselo amoyo onse. Chochitikacho chimatenga gawo logwira popanga mahomoni a steroid, zimalimbikitsa kuyamwa kashiamu mwachangu, ndikuwongolera kapangidwe ka vitamini D.

Ngati cholesterol yathunthu ndi magawo 5, kodi nzoopsa? Mtengo uwu umawoneka ngati wabwinobwino, suyenera kupitilira zoyenera. Ndi kuwonjezeka kwa ndende ya cholesterol, pamakhala chiopsezo chotenga atherosulinosis.

Muyeso wa cholesterol mulingo wa abambo ndi amai ndiwosiyana, zimatengera gulu la munthu. Okalamba akamadwala, amakhala ndi mphamvu ngati ya OX, HDL ndi HDL mthupi.

Ganizirani zamakhalidwe abwino a cholesterol m'magazi, kuopsa kwa hypercholesterolemia, komanso njira zotithandizira kuchepa kwa matenda ochepa.

Mafuta cholesterol: abwinobwino komanso kupatuka

Wodwala akapeza zotsatira zake za cholesterol - mayunitsi a 5.0-5.1, amakhala ndi chidwi ndi momwe phindu ili? Pali zikhalidwe zambiri zabodza kuzungulira chinthu chonga mafuta, ndipo ambiri amakhulupirira kuti chimangokhala ndi zovulaza. Koma izi siziri choncho.

Cholesterol ndi chinthu chapadera mthupi chomwe chimathandizira mtima, kubereka komanso mantha amomwe amagwira ntchito moyenera. Kuti thupi lizigwira ntchito mokwanira, pamafunika cholesterol yokwanira.

Kuwerenga kwa cholesterol level kumachitika mu labotor. Madzi amadzimadzi amakhala ngati chilengedwe. Ziwerengero zimawona kuti ma labotale nthawi zambiri amalakwitsa, motero tikulimbikitsidwa kuti mumawunikenso kangapo.

Muyezo wa cholesterol mwa akazi ndi motere:

• OH imasiyana kuchokera ku 3.6 mpaka 5.2 - mtengo wabwinobwino, kuchokera pa 5.2 mpaka 6.2 - mtengo wokwanira, mitengo yokwera - kuchokera 6.20 mmol / l,
• Mtengo wabwinobwino wa lipoproteins yotsika kwambiri umakhala mpaka magawo a 4.0. Zoyenera - 3.5 - chiopsezo chochepa chotengera kusintha kwa atherosulinotic,
• Mulingo wabwinobwino wapachulukidwe lipoproteins amachokera ku 0.9 mpaka 1.9 mmol pa lita.

Ngati mtsikana wachichepere ali ndi LDL ya 4,5 mmol pa lita imodzi, HDL ndi yochepera 0,7, ndiye kuti amalankhula za kuthekera kwakukulu kokulira kwa atherosulinosis - chiwopsezocho chimawonjezeka katatu.

Ngakhale kuti mfundo za cholesterol za 5.2-5.3, 5.62-5.86 mmol / l ndizopanda malire, wodwalayo akadali ndi vuto lowonongeka kwamitsempha yamagazi, chifukwa chake, kupewa mapangidwe a mapangidwe a atherosulinotic amafunikira.

Muyezo wa cholesterol mwa amuna umaimiriridwa ndi mfundo zotsatirazi:

1. OH ndiwofanana ndi zizindikiro zachikazi.
2. LDL imasiyana kuchokera ku 2.25 mpaka 4.83 mmol / L.
3. HDL - kuchokera ku 0.7 mpaka ku 1.7 mayunitsi.

Chofunika kwambiri pakuwunika kuopsa kwa atherosulinosis ndi msana wa triglycerides. Chizindikirochi ndichofanana kwa amuna ndi akazi. Nthawi zambiri, mtengo wa triglycerides ndi wophatikiza magawo awiri kuphatikiza, kuchepera, koma zovomerezeka ndizokwanira 2.2. Amatinso kukwera kwakukulu pomwe kusanthula kunawonetsa zotsatira za 2.3-5.4 / 5.5 mmol pa lita. Kuzunzidwa kwakukulu - kuyambira mayunitsi 5.7.

Dziwani kuti muma labotore ambiri njira zodziwira cholesterol ndi mautchulidwe amasiyana, motero muyenera kuyang'ana zikhalidwe za ma laboratore komwe kuyezetsa magazi kunachitika.

Kuopsa kwa cholesterol yayikulu

Munthu wathanzi yemwe alibe mbiri yodwala amakhala kuti amaphunzira pafupipafupi kuti adziwe cholesterol - kamodzi pachaka.

Mu shuga mellitus, ochepa matenda oopsa, matenda a chithokomiro England ndi matenda ena, kuwunika pafupipafupi kumafunikira - katatu pachaka.

Zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mafuta a cholesterol achuluke ndi kusowa kwa chakudya, kusachita masewera olimbitsa thupi, kusuta fodya, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo, kutenga pakati, matenda a mtima, kuthamanga kwa magazi.

Cholesterol yokha siyowopsa. Koma LDL ikachuluka, pomwe kuchuluka kwa HDL kumacheperachepera, njira zamatenda zimayamba.

Atherosulinosis imatsutsa matenda otsatirawa:

• Matenda a mtima, kugunda kwa mtima. Poyerekeza ndi kuchepa kwa mipata yamitsempha yamagazi, pali chifuwa cha paroxysmal ululu pachifuwa. Kuukira kwamankhwala kumeneku kumatchedwa angina pectoris. Ngati simutsitsa cholesterol yayikulu, mtsempha wamagazi umatsekedwa, kuphwanya kwa magazi kumachitika,
• Cerebral hemorrhage. Cholesterol imatha kudzikundikira mu ziwiya zilizonse, kuphatikizapo zomwe zimadyetsa ubongo. Ndi kudzikundikira kwa cholesterol mu ubongo, pafupipafupi migraines, chizungulire, kusokonezeka ndende, kusowa kwamphamvu kwa mawonekedwe kumawonekera. Chifukwa cha kuperewera kwa chakudya muubongo, zotupa zimayamba,
• Kuperewera kwa ziwalo zamkati. Ngati cholesterol yowonjezereka m'thupi sikhala yochepa, ndiye kuti kudziunjikira kwa mapangidwe a atherosselotic mu ziwiya zotsogolera ku chiwalo chilichonse kumachepetsa thanzi la izo, ndipo kusakwanira kumayamba. Izi zimatha kudwala kwambiri kapena kufa chifukwa cha kufooka kwa ziwalo.
• Kuchulukirachulukira kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi mu shuga kungayambike chifukwa cha ma atherosrance. Minofu yamtima imakumana ndi katundu wambiri, chiopsezo chogundidwa ndi mtima kawiri.

Cholesterol 5.9 siyabwino, ngakhale mtengowo uli wovomerezeka.

Ngati pali chizolowezi chowonjezera zakumwa za mafuta, chithandizo chogwirizira ku matenda a lipid chofunikira ndikofunikira.

Njira zothetsera cholesterol

Ndemanga za madotolo zimawona kuti cholesterol yowonjezera pang'ono imathandizidwa ndi zakudya zoyenera komanso masewera. Imwani mapiritsi - ma statin ndi ma fibrate, omwe amachepetsa kuchuluka kwa LDL m'magazi, sikofunikira. Zatsimikiziridwa kuti zochitika zothandizira kuchira kwathunthu zimathandizira kusintha zomwe zili zofunikira.

Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kwambiri kumalimbikitsidwa kwa onse odwala matenda ashuga. Ndikwabwino kusankha kuyenda kwamphamvu mumlengalenga. Kuyenda pafupipafupi kumathandizira kuchepetsa kukhudzidwa ndi 10-15% yoyamba, yomwe imachepetsa chiopsezo chokhala ndi matenda amtima. Mfundo yachiwiri yothandizira ndi kupumula kokwanira. Muyenera kugona osachepera maola asanu ndi atatu patsiku. Nthawi yokwanira yogona kuchokera pa 22,00 mpaka 6.00 m'mawa.

Ndi kupsinjika kwakukulu, kusokonezeka kwa mitsempha kapena neurosis, kuchuluka kwakukulu kwa adrenaline ndi glucocorticosteroids amapangidwa m'thupi. Ndizinthu izi zomwe zimapangitsa kupanga cholesterol m'chiwindi. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kukhala ndi malingaliro osatekeseka, kupewa zinthu zovuta, komanso kusakhala ndi mantha.

Chakudya chimathandizira kuti kagayidwe ka mafuta a cholesterol. Pazosankhazo pali zakudya zotsatirazi:

1. Masamba ndi zipatso zimakhala ndi michere yambiri, yomwe imamangirira cholesterol yambiri ndikuchotsa m'thupi.
2. Nyama yokhala ndi mafuta ochepa komanso nkhuku.
3. Zowaka mkaka wowonda wamafuta ochepa.
4. Buckwheat, mpunga.
5. Mkate wofiirira.

Ngati munthu wodwala matenda ashuga ali ndi cholesterol yopitilira 6, pali chizolowezi chomakulira motsutsana ndi maziko azakudya, zakudya zimalembedwa. Mlingo umatsimikiziridwa payekhapayekha. Ganizirani zaka, matenda osatha, thanzi limodzi.

Kodi cholesterol yomwe ikufotokozedwa muvidiyoyi munkhaniyi.

Kodi cholesterol 5.0 - 5.9 yochuluka kapena ayi? Zowopsa, zoyenera kuchita

Kuyika kuyesa kwa magazi chifukwa cha cholesterol ndimachitidwe omwe amaperekedwa kuti aziwunika kapena kuwunika matenda. Inde, anthu ambiri ali ndi chidwi chofuna kudziwa tanthauzo la manambala omwe apezeka, osadikirira kuonana ndi dokotala. Tiyeni tiwone: cholesterol 5.0-5.9 - zikutanthauza chiyani.

Cholesterol: zambiri

Cholesterol ndi mowa ngati mafuta, okwera kwambiri omwe amathandizira kukulitsa kwa atherosulinosis, komanso zovuta zake: kusakwanira kwa mtima, magazi, mitsempha yam'mimba, kulowetsedwa kwa myocardial, stroke.

Komabe, kuphatikiza pang'ono moyenera ndi kofunikira mu thupi la munthu. Ma membrane onse am'm cell amakhala ndi mamolekyulu a cholesterol omwe amatsimikizira kuti madzi amatuluka amatuluka. Ma hormone onse a steroid (kugonana, glucocorticoids, mineralocorticoids), vitamini D amapangidwa kuchokera ku cholesterol.

Mafuta a cholesterol samakhala okhazikika. Zimatengera jenda, zaka, thupi la thupi. Mwachitsanzo, kuchuluka kwa cholesterol kwa 5.6 mmol / L ndizachilendo kwa anthu azaka zopitilira 20, koma magulu ena onse azaka ndi akulu kwambiri. Cholesterol ya 5.7 mmol / l ndi chizindikiro chathanzi kwa anthu azaka zopitilira 25.

Mwa amuna, kuchuluka kwa cholesterol kumawonjezeka motsatana ndi zaka. Amayi a msinkhu wobala ana amakhala ndi nthawi yayitali yokhala ndi sterol chifukwa cha mahomoni estrojeni omwe amalepheretsa kuwonjezeka kwa cholesterol. Pambuyo pa kusintha kwa kusintha kwa thupi, thupi la mkazi limataya chitetezo cha m'mimba. Miyezo ya cholesterol imayamba kukwera kumwamba. Kusintha kwa zinthu za estrogen pa nthawi ya msambo kumakhudzanso pang'ono sterol yamagazi.

High cholesterol (hypercholesterolemia) ndizachilendo kwa amayi apakati. Magawo a Sterol amabwerera mwachangu atabereka. Njirayi imafotokozedwa ndi kusintha kwa mahomoni m'thupi, kusintha kwa kagayidwe ka mafuta.

Msambo wa Sterol 5.0-5.9 mwa amuna, akazi

Tinene kuti cholesterol yanu ndi 5.8: kodi izi ndizabwinobwino kapena ayi? Kuti muyankhe funsoli, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito gome kuti mupeze chizindikiro choyenera chogwirizana ndi jenda, zaka. Ndikofunika kuti muphunzire zikhalidwe za cholesterol ku labotale. Popeza malo osiyanasiyana ofufuza amawona kuti manambala osiyanasiyana ndi zizindikiro wamba. Izi ndichifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana zodziwisa sterol, seti ya mankhwala.

Komabe, ngati sizotheka kupeza zikhalidwe za labotale inayake, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito tebulo lathu.

Ngati ndinu bambo woposa zaka 25 kapena mkazi woposa zaka 30, mafuta a cholesterol osakwana 5.9 mmol / L amadziwika kuti ndi njira yabwino. Achinyamata athanzi labwino ayenera kukhala ndi ma sterol ochepa. Kholesterol yomwe ikukwera ikuwonetsa chiopsezo cha matenda amtima, ndi chizindikiro cha matenda ena.

Zifukwa zopatuka

Cholesterol 5.0-5.2 imawoneka ngati chizolowezi kwa anthu onse. Kuwonjezeka kwa sterol kuchuluka kwa 5.2-5.9 mwa anthu omwe akuyenera kukhala ndi nkhawa yocheperako pazaka zambiri nthawi zambiri kumayenderana ndi kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi. Ana, achinyamata, omwe chakudya chawo chachikulu ndi kudya mwachangu, mitundu ingapo, maswiti, amadya mafuta ambiri amafuta a trans, mafuta owonjezera, cholesterol, komanso osowa fiber. Zotsatira za zakudya zotere ndiz kuphwanya kwa lipid metabolism, cholesterol yayikulu.

Chochititsa chosowa kwambiri ndi matenda ashuga. Matendawa amaphatikizidwa ndi kuchuluka kwa mafuta m'thupi, ma lipoprotein otsika kwambiri, okhala ndi lipoprotein yapamwamba. Mavuto a metabolism yamafuta ndi amodzi mwa mtundu 1, 2 shuga.

Choyambitsa chovuta kwambiri cha cholesterol yayikulu ndimatenda amtundu wothandizidwa ndi kuchuluka kwa sterol: mabanja homozygous kapena heterozygous hypercholesterolemia. Odwala omwe ali ndi ma pathologies awa amakhala ndi mawonekedwe okwanira a sterol, omwe samatengera zakudya kapena moyo wawo. Komabe, amadziwika ndi mfundo zapamwamba za cholesterol.

Hypercholesterolemia Chithandizo

Ndi kuwonjezeka pang'ono mu ndende ya cholesterol, imatha kukhala yodabwitsa kudzera mu chakudya chamagulu. Zakudya zoyenera ziyenera kuphatikizapo:

• Zambiri zopanga ndi fiber, pang'onopang'ono chakudya chamafuta. Maziko azakudya ayenera kukhala masamba, zipatso, chimanga, chinangwa. Ali ndi michere yambiri, mavitamini, chakudya pang'onopang'ono, mchere. Ndikofunika kudya supuni ya chinangwa tsiku lililonse. Muli michere yambiri, mavitamini a gulu B.
• Zakudya zochepa zomwe zimakhala ndi mafuta ambiri: nyama yofiira, mafuta a nyama, kanjedza, mafuta a kokonati. Amachulukitsa cholesterol. Kugwiritsa ntchito zakudya zokhala ndi mafuta a ma trans (zakudya zazakudya, kudya mwachangu, masikono, makeke, margarine) ndikofunikira kuthetseratu.
• Zakudya zokhala ndi mafuta ambiri: mafuta a masamba, mtedza, mbewu, mbewu za fulakesi. Ma lipids oterowo amatchedwa abwino. Amakwaniritsa kufunikira kwa thupi kwamafuta, koma osathandizira pakukula kwa atherosclerosis. Inde, ndi kumwa pang'ono.
• Nsomba zamafuta kapena masamba ochokera ku omega-3 mafuta acids: ma almond, walnuts, mbewu. Amatsitsa cholesterol, amasintha ntchito yamtima.
• Madzi okwanira. Ngati pali vuto lakusowa madzi m'thupi, thupi limakumana ndi zomwezi mwa kukulitsa kaphatikizidwe ka cholesterol.

Sinthasinthika kulemera, kuperewera kwa sterol kumathandiza masewera. Ndikofunika kuti muzikonda masewera olimbitsa thupi aerobic: kuyenda, kuthamanga, kupalasa njinga, kusambira. Komabe, mtundu uliwonse wa zolimbitsa thupi, kuphatikiza kuyenda maulendo atali, ndizoyenera.

Kukonzekera kwa mankhwala a cholesterol 5.2-5.9 ndikosowa kwambiri.

Hypercholesterolemia Prevention

Kuwongolera cholesterol ndikofunikira kuyambira ubwana. Zimatsimikiziridwa kuti cholesterol plaques amatha kupanga ana kuyambira azaka 8. Choyamba, kupewa mapangidwe a madigiri kumathandizira zakudya zoyenera, kuwongolera ana. Ngati akupezeka ndi matenda a shuga, ndikofunikira kukwaniritsa matenda a shuga.

Ana onse azaka za 9-11, 17 mpaka 21 alimbikitsidwa kuti ayese mayeso a prophylactic a cholesterol. Mwana yemwe ali ndi chiopsezo chotenga matenda a atherosulinosis kapena mtundu wina wa cholowa chotere ayenera kukayezetsa koyamba adakali ana.

Zinthu zomwe zidakonzedwa ndi olemba polojekitiyi
malingana ndi ndondomeko yakusinthaku.

Mafuta a cholesterol 5.2-5.9 - ndi ziti zomwe ndizowopsa kwa anthu?

Cholesterol ndi mowa wovuta wamafuta, ndipo umapezeka mumitsempha yama cell iliyonse yamoyo. Amatenga nawo gawo pakuphatikizika kwa zinthu, popanda zomwe zimachitika mwanjira yovomerezeka yamunthu sizingatheke. Ndi chizolowezi kunena za mtengo wabwinobwino pomwe cholembedwa cha kusanthula chili ndi "cholesterol 5-5.2 mmol / L". Chizindikiro ichi sichingakhale chokhazikika, ndikusintha ndi zaka, komanso ndimatenda osiyanasiyana komanso chizolowezi chakudya.

• Udindo wa HDL mthupi la munthu
• Kuopsa kwakukulu kwa hypercholesterolemia ndi kuchuluka
• Ndani ayenera kuyang'anira mwachidwi cholesterol?
• Zimayambitsa kukwezeka kwa cholesterol ndi zizindikiro za matenda
• Kuchulukana kwa cholesterol yabwinobwino
• Hypercholesterolemia Chithandizo
• Kupewa

Gawo lalikulu la chinthuchi mthupi limapangidwa m'chiwindi, pang'ono limachokera ku zakudya zomwe zidatha. Kuphatikiza pa kuwonjezeka kwa thupi / kuchepa kwa mafuta m'thupi cholesterol, omwe samavulaza munthu, kusintha kwa m'matumbo kumadera kumasiyanitsidwa pakafunika thandizo la akatswiri. Tiyenera kudziwa kuti kuchepa kwa cholesterol sikuvulanso thupi kuposa kuchulukirapo kwake.

High density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) ndiyofunikira chamoyo chilichonse. Imatha kuchotsa cholesterol "yoyipa" yotsika kwambiri (lowDensity lipoprotein (LDL)) kuchokera kumakoma amitsempha yamagazi ndikutumiza ku chiwindi kuti itayidwe bwino. Nthawi zambiri, zolembera za atherosulinotic zimabweretsa LDL.

Udindo wa HDL mthupi la munthu

HDLP imagwira ntchito zambiri zofunika mthupi, momwe zingapo zazikulu zimatha kusiyanitsidwa:

• amatenga nawo mbali pakapangidwe kake ndikuthandizira kwaminyewa yamaselo, kupewa kutulutsa mphamvu yama hydrocarbon mmenemo,
• thandizirani "kusankha" kulolera molekyulu ya chinthu china mu cell kapena chipika,
• mwachindunji kuphatikizidwa kwama mahomoni angapo,
• kutenga nawo mbali pakapangidwe ka bile,
• amathandizira kupanga vitamini D pakhungu ndi metabolism yoyenera ya mavitamini ena osungunuka a mafuta,
• ndi gawo la zofunikira "zolimbitsa" zamkati wamanjenje.

Ngakhale zinthu zonse zofunikira, kuchuluka kwambiri kwa cholesterol pamtunda wa 5.8-5.9 mmol / l ndi ngozi inayake. Mtima wam'mimba umakhala ndi matenda oyamba: kuwonjezera pa chitukuko cha atherosulinosis, chiopsezo cha matenda a mtima (CHD) chimawonjezeka ndi kuphatikizika kwake kovuta kwambiri mwa kuphatikizika kwa myocardial infarction. Odwala ambiri omwe ali ndi matenda a ischemic stroke amakhalanso ndi atherosulinosis ali ndi cholesterol yambiri “yoyipa”.

Kuopsa kwakukulu kwa hypercholesterolemia ndi kuchuluka

Mafuta a m'magazi a cholesterol chachikulu ndiye chifukwa chachikulu chachitukuko cha atherosulinosis - "provocateur" yayikulu yamikwande ndi matenda a mtima. Chiwopsezo cha atherosclerosis chokha komanso zovuta zake zimakhudzana mwachindunji ndi kuopsa kwa hypercholesterolemia ndi nthawi yake. Kulumikizana momveka bwino ndi moyo komanso zakudya kumawululidwa. M'mayiko omwe chakudya chimasankhidwa kwambiri komanso kudya kwamafuta ambiri, chiwopsezo cha matendawa ndi chokwera.

Chifukwa chake, ku USA, Finland ndi Netherlands, hypercholesterolemia ndizofala - mpaka 56% ya anthu onse.

M'mayiko a Asia, Italy, Greece, odwala otere ndi ochepa kwambiri - kuchokera 7 mpaka 14% ya anthu onse. Russia ili ndi malo apakatikati, ndipo kuchuluka kwa odwala koteroko kuli pafupifupi 20-25%. Hypercholesterolemia ya banja, yomwe imayambitsidwa ndi matenda opatsirana mwa khosi, ndiyosowa kwenikweni. Iwonso, imakwiya ndi vuto lomwe limayambitsa ntchito ya B / E apoprotein receptor.

Kuphatikiza pa atherosclerosis, hypercholesterolemia imatsutsa kukula kwina kwa matenda ena:

• ngozi yamatenda,
• kuiwala kukumbukira ndi kusokonezeka kwa malingaliro,
• aortic aneurysm,
• matenda a mtima (kuopsa kwa kufalikira kwa ziwalo zamatumbo zimatengera nthawi yayitali ya nthendayi).

Ndani ayenera kuyang'anira mwachidwi cholesterol?

Pachikhalidwe, chizindikirochi chimayang'aniridwa mwa odwala onse ndi akatswiri a mtima ndi endocrinologists. Koma ngakhale mutakhala ndi thanzi labwino, ndikofunikira kuti munthu nthawi ndi nthawi aziunikira mafuta ambiri a cholesterol. Izi zimagwira ngati njira yabwino yodziwira kukula kwazovuta zamomwezi.

Pali magulu angapo a anthu omwe amalangizidwa kuchita izi nthawi zonse:

• osuta
• Zoposa zaka 40 kwa azibambo, zoposa 50 za akazi,
• kumangokhala
• anthu omwe amadya nyama yambiri yamafuta, batala, mafuta a trans omwe ali m'matumba / margarine,
• odwala oopsa
• ndi matenda a chiwindi.

Zimayambitsa kukwezeka kwa cholesterol ndi zizindikiro za matenda

Mafuta a cholesterol a 5.2 amadziwika kuti ndi abwinobwino. Kusintha kwakanthawi kwamalingaliro kumatha kuchitika mothandizidwa ndi zinthu zakunja, kupsinjika, kugwira ntchito mopitirira muyeso, kumwa mowa kwambiri kapena kudya mopitirira muyeso. Nthawi zambiri, phindu limasinthidwa lokha popanda zotsatira zaumoyo. Kuchuluka kwa cholesterol kosatha pamwamba pa 5.3 mmol / L kungasonyeze kupezeka kwa ma pathologies ena.

Zomwe zimayambitsa hypercholesterolemia zimaphatikizapo izi:

• chibadwa

• jenda yaimuna - ziwerengero zikuwonetsa kuti amayi ali pachiwopsezo chochepa,
• ukalamba
• kuyamba kwa kusamba kwa akazi,
• kunenepa kwambiri, kuledzera, kusuta fodya,
• matenda osagwiritsidwa ntchito a hepatobiliary system, kusokonezeka kwa kagayidwe kachakudya, kuzunza mwadongosolo zakudya zamafuta kwambiri.

Palibe zizindikiro zenizeni za cholesterol yamagazi. Titha kusiyanitsa kokha zizindikiro za matenda omwe kuwonjezeraku kumabweretsa. Pakati pazizindikiro zoyambirira, pamakhala kupweteka mumtima, komwe kumachitika chifukwa chopendekera matumbo a coronary, kupweteka m'munsi, makamaka munthawi yolimbitsa thupi, mawonekedwe a xanthomas - mawanga achikaso pakhungu pamaso, m'mawondo, m'mapewa kapena m'miyendo.

Ndizosavomerezeka chifukwa chopewa kusiya nyama, batala kapena mazira kotheratu. Ndikofunikira kukhala ndi chakudya chamagulu, ndikofunikira kuphatikizidwa pakudya zamasamba ndi zipatso zokwanira, zina zomwe zimayenera kukhala zatsopano. Osapereka mkate womwe uli ndi vitamini B12.

Kuchulukana kwa cholesterol yabwinobwino

Mndandanda wa 5-55 mmol / l, kuchuluka kwa cholesterol kwa munthu wazaka makumi anayi wopanda matenda aakulu kudalembedwa. Mpaka anayi ndi mmol / l yaying'ono, chizindikirochi chimachepa mwa anthu omwe adadwala kwambiri myocardial infarction, kapena omwe akudwala matenda a shuga mellitus. Matenda aliwonse okhudzana ndi mtima kapena chiwindi amangoonjezera phindu la cholesterol pamwamba pa zisanu ndi ziwiri - mtengo wapamwamba umasiyana kwambiri, ndipo ukhoza kukhala 5.4-5.7 mmol / l, ndipo m'matenda aakulu osagwiritsa ntchito chithandizo choyenera, chithunzi cha 6.2 chimakonda kujambulidwa mmol / l.

Kutanthauzira kwa kusanthula kwamachitidwe amunthu m'munthu wathanzi ndi motere:

• cholesterol yathunthu - osati kuposa 5.2 mmol / l,
• LDL - osapitirira 4.8 kwa amuna, osaposa 4.5 mmol / l kwa azimayi,
• HDL - 0.8-11.6 - 0.9-2.3 mmol / L kwa amuna ndi akazi, motero
• triglycerides - osakwana 2.0 mmol / l kwa aliyense.

Kuzindikira kwa hypercholesterolemia sikovuta, ndipo kumakhazikitsidwa pa mayeso a labotale. Pafupifupi nthawi zonse zimatsimikiziridwa ndi kuchuluka kwa chithokomiro cha chithokomiro komanso chithokomiro chotulutsa chithokomiro kupatula hypothyroidism.

Mafuta m'thupi

Kuyesedwa kwa magazi kwa cholesterol ndi imodzi mwamafukufuku ofunika kwambiri omwe amathandiza kuyesa kuchuluka kwa matupi a cholesterol m'magazi, omwe angasonyeze thanzi la munthu. Phunziro lomwe limachitika panthawi yake limathandiza kuzindikira kukhalapo kwa pathologies kumayambiriro (mtima atherosulinosis, thrombophlebitis, matenda a mtima). Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti mupereke magazi a cholesterol osachepera 1 pachaka, zomwe zidzakhale zokwanira kudzipenda nokha. Zomwe zimatsimikizira zotsatira zakusanthula zimati, komanso zomwe zimachitika mwachilengedwe, tikambirana mopitilira.

Cholesterol: mdani kapena bwenzi?

Musanafike pakupanga, muyenera kumvetsetsa kuti cholesterol ndi chiyani. Cholesterol ndi mafuta osungunuka omwe amapangidwa ndi ma cell a chiwindi, impso ndi ma adrenal gland kuti alimbikitse ziwalo zam'mimba, kupangitsa kuti akhale ndi mphamvu. Komanso, maselo amenewa amagwira ntchito zofunikira zotsatirazi:

• kutenga nawo kaphatikizidwe ndi mayamwidwe a vitamini D,
• nawo kapangidwe ka bile,
• Lolani maselo ofiira kuti apewe hemolysis isanakwane.
• kutenga nawo mbali popanga mahomoni a steroid.

Ntchito zofunika kwambiri izi za cholesterol zimawonetsa kufunikira kwake kwakuthupi. Komabe, ngati kumangika kwake kuli kopanda vuto, mavuto angayambike.

Yokha, cholesterol siisungunuka m'madzi, chifukwa chake yoyenda kwathunthu ndikuyitaya, mamolekyulu apadera a protein - apoprotein amafunikira. Maselo a cholesterol akagwirizana ndi apoproteins, pokhazikitsa khola - lipoprotein, lomwe limasungunuka mosavuta ndikuyenda mwachangu kudzera m'mitsempha yamagazi.

Kutengera kuchuluka kwamapuloteni omwe amaphatikizidwa ndi molekyulu ya cholesterol, lipoproteins imatha kugawidwa m'magulu angapo:

1. Lowensens lipoproteins (VLDL) yocheperachepera - gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a molekyulu imodzi, yomwe imakhala yochepa kwambiri pakuyenda kwathunthu ndi kuchotsa mafuta m'thupi. Njirayi imathandizira kuti magazi ake azikwana, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti magazi azituluka ndimatenda osiyanasiyana.
2. Lowensens lipoproteins (LDL) - molekyulu yochepetsetsa pa molekyu imodzi. Zinthu zoterezi sizigwira ntchito ndipo sizisungunuka bwino, motero zimakhala zotheka kukhazikika m'matumba.
3. Ma high density lipoproteins (HDL) ndi mankhwala okhazikika omwe amayendetsedwa bwino ndikusungunuka m'madzi.
4. Ma Chylomicrons ndiwo ma cholesterol akuluakulu kwambiri okhala ndi madzi osayenda komanso osasungunuka m'madzi.

Mafuta a cholesterol amafunikira, komabe, mitundu yake ina imatha kupangitsa kuti matenda atukuke. Chifukwa chake, ma lipoproteins otsika kwambiri amadziwika kuti ndi cholesterol yoyipa, yomwe imatsogolera kumatupa amitsempha yamagazi. Nthawi yomweyo, ma lipoproteins okwera kwambiri ndiwotsimikizira zaumoyo komanso kufunika kwa njira zonse za metabolic m'thupi. Biochemistry imakupatsani mwayi wodziwikiratu ku chitukuko cha matenda ogwirizana ndi kuchuluka ndi kuyenerera kwa cholesterol m'magazi.

Kuyesa kwa magazi kwa cholesterol: zizindikiro zazikulu ndi chizoloŵezi chawo

Kuti muwone kuchuluka ndi kupezeka kwa mitundu yonse ya cholesterol m'magazi, kuwunika kwapadera kumagwiritsidwa ntchito, zotsatira zake zomwe zaphatikizidwa mu mbiri ya lipid. Izi zikuphatikiza zizindikiro monga cholesterol yathunthu, triglycerides, lipoproteins yapamwamba, otsika osalimba lipoproteins, atherogenicity index. Mafuta a cholesterol amatsimikiza pogwiritsa ntchito kuyezetsa magazi a biochemical. Kusanthula mwatsatanetsatane kumakupatsani mwayi wowona mavuto azaumoyo, omwe amakupangitsani kuwonjezeka kwa kuchuluka kwa cholesterol yoyipa. Kuyesedwa kwa magazi kumawonetsa chithunzi chapamwamba chabe, ngati zotulukapo zake zikupatuka pazochitika, ndiye kuti kuli koyenera kuchita kafukufuku watsatanetsatane.

C cholesterol chonse

Chizindikiro cha cholesterol yathunthu m'madzi a m'magazi chikuwonetsa kuyika kwake mmol / L. Chizindikirochi chimadziwika ndi zomwe zimachitika m'mitsempha yamagazi ndi magazi, komanso zimatha kuwonetsa mtundu wa njira zama metabolic. Kusanthula kumeneku ndiye koyambirira, chifukwa kumawunika zaumoyo, komanso kufunikira kochita kafukufuku wowonjezera, wocheperako (HDL, LDL).

Chizindikiro chowoneka bwino chimatengera mawonekedwe monga zaka ndi jenda. Ganizirani zofunikira za cholesterol yathunthu amisinkhu yosiyanasiyana ndi akazi, yomwe ili ndi tebulo.

C cholesterol yathunthu imakhudzana mwachindunji ndi kagayidwe kachakudya kamene kamapezeka mthupi ndi zopatsa thanzi, ndiye kuti kakhalidwe kake pamoyo wonse kamasiyana. Pakupanga kwa mahomoni, zizindikiro zimachepetsa malire, komanso pafupi ndi ukalamba, pamene metabolism imachepetsedwa kwambiri, mtengo wake umakhala wokwera kangapo.

Lowensens lipoproteins

Gululi la cholesterol ndilowopsa kwambiri, chifukwa chake, zinthu zoyenera kwambiri zoterezi zimasiyanitsidwa ndi 2.3-4.7 mmol / L kwa abambo ndi 1.9-4.2 mmol / L yokhazikika kwa amayi. Kupitilira muyeso wazizindikiro izi kukuwonetsa kukhalapo kwa matenda amtima wamagazi, komanso kuchepa kwa kayendedwe ka metabolic.

Triglycerides

Mwa amuna, malire omwe amakhala kumtunda amafikira 3,6 mmol / L, pomwe chizolowezi mwa akazi chimakhala chocheperako - 2.5 mmol / L. Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha zakudya zopatsa thanzi, chifukwa thupi laimuna limafunanso michere yambiri komanso mafuta. Kuyesedwa kwa magazi kwamomweku kumathandiza kuzindikira kuchuluka kwa triglycerides, mogwirizana ndi kuchuluka kwa magazi m'thupi.

Mndandanda wa atherogenic

Chizindikiro ichi ndi chimodzi mwazofunikira mu mbiri ya lipid, kukulolani kuti muwerenge kuchuluka kwa cholesterol yoyipa komanso yabwino. Chizindikiro chomwe chimapezeka chifukwa cha kuwerengera masamu chimawonetsa kukhalapo kwa matenda omwe amapezeka mwanjira yamakono, komanso kudziwikiratu kwa pathologies. Mlozera wa atherogenicity amawerengedwa ndi njira:

Cholesterol Yonse - Lipoproteins / High Density Lipoproteins

Mlingo wa cholesterol ungasiyane kutengera zaka. Ana ochepera zaka zisanu ndi chimodzi amakhala ndi cholozera cha atherogenic cha 2 mmol / L. Ali aang'ono, chiwerengerochi chimafikira 2.5 mmol / l, koma osapitilira. Pafupifupi zaka 50, chizindikirocho chimatha kufika pa 2.8-3.2 mmol / L. Pamaso pa matenda ndi ma mtima a pathologies, chizindikirocho chimatha kufika -7 mmol / l, chomwe chiziwunikira kusanthula kwa magazi kwamwazi.

Kuchiritsa

Munthu akamapimidwa, amayesedwa mosamala, ndipo zotsatira zonse za kafukufuku zimalembedwa patebulo. Kukhazikitsa kuyesa kwa magazi kwa cholesterol kukusonyeza tebulo lomwe lili ndi mizati ingapo:

1. Mayina a chinthu chomwe aphunzirachi - chitha kukhala cholesterol yathunthu, triglycerides kapena zina zake.
2. Mlingo wamagazi - womwe umawonetsedwa mmol / L.
3. Chizindikiro chofananira - mtengo wamalire umaperekedwa kuti munthu athe kuwona momwe zochulukitsira zake zimakhalira ndizomwe zimavomerezeka.
4. Pomaliza - chidachi chikuwonetsa chithunzi cha thanzi la munthu, pomwe kusiyanasiyana ndi zomwe zaphunziridwazo kumawonetsedwa ngati chizolowezi chimakwezedwa kapena chokwezedwa kwambiri.

Zowoneka.

Tiyenera kumvetsetsa kuti zotsatira zomwe zapezedwa zimatha kukhala zosiyana ndi zomwe zikuwonetsa, zomwe zimayendetsedwa ndi zinthu monga:

1. Zakudya Zabwino - ngati munthu musanadye magazi omwe adadya mafuta ndi zakudya zotsekemera, matimuwo amatha kukhala okwera kangapo kuposa abwinobwino.
2. Kumwa mowa.
3. Njala yayitali.
4. Zochita zolimbitsa thupi usiku.
5. Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala omwe amakhudza kapangidwe kazinthu zamagazi.

Ma labotore ena amagwiritsa ntchito dzina la Chilatini pozindikira zonse. Kutchulidwa kwa cholesterol poyesa magazi ndi motere:

1. TC - cholesterol yathunthu.
2. LDL - lipoproteins otsika.
3. HDL - lipoproteins yapamwamba kwambiri.
4. TG ndi kuchuluka kwa triglycerides.
5. IA - chiŵerengero cha cholesterol chovulaza komanso chopindulitsa pazomwe zimakhazikika m'magazi (index ya atherogenic).

Zizindikirozi zimawonetsedwa ndi zilembo, zomwe zimathandizira kutsimikiza kwawo ndikuchepetsa malowo pakusindikiza. Si aliyense amadziwa momwe cholesterol imasonyezedwera pakuwunikira, ma deciphers ambiri omwe amakhala pafupi ndi zilembo za Chilatini amagwiritsa ntchito zilembo zomveka bwino.

Kodi muyenera kuchita motani ndipo liti?

Akatswiri amalimbikitsa kutenga mayeso a cholesterol osachepera 1 pachaka, ngati palibe madandaulo azachipatala, ndipo miyezi isanu ndi umodzi iliyonse, bola ngati pali zovuta zolemera kwambiri, mitsempha yamagazi ndi mtima. Kudziletsa kumachepetsa chiopsezo chotenga matenda owopsa, komanso kuchepetsa mwayi womwalira msanga.

Magazi amatengedwa kuchokera m'mitsempha, koma musanachite, muyenera kukonzekera:

1. Osamadya maola asanu ndi limodzi mphambu zisanu ndi chimodzi musanalandire magazi.
2. Osamamwa mowa tsiku latha.
3. Idyani mwachizolowezi, kuchepetsa zakudya zomwe zili ndi shuga komanso zamafuta.
4. Chepetsani kupsinjika kwakuthupi ndi kwamaganizidwe.
5. Puma mokwanira komanso kugona.
6. Pewani kupsinjika ndi kukhumudwa.

Kuwunikaku sikumangowonetsetsa momwe thanzi likuyendera, komanso kuwonetsa mphamvu zakuwongolera matenda ena.

Chifukwa chake, kusankha kuyesa kwa magazi kwa cholesterol kumakhala ndi zisonyezo zingapo, zomwe ndizofunikira kwambiri. Kuyeza kumeneku ndikofunikira kwa anthu onenepa kwambiri omwe ali ndi mavuto a mtima komanso mtima. Kuchepetsa kumene kumachitika ndi odwala mu labotale ndikosavuta ndipo kumakhala ndi chidziwitso chochepa. Izi zimakuthandizani kuti mudziyang'anire nokha zaumoyo wanu, musanakumane ndi katswiri.

Cholesterol 5.9 - choti achite

Mantha sanakhalepo mlangizi wokhulupirika wothetsa mavuto.Izi zimagwiranso ntchito pankhani ya cholesterol. Ngakhale anthu omwe sanaphunzire zamankhwala amadziwa kuti imagawidwa kukhala "yabwino" ndi "yoyipa". Kupitilira muyeso kumadzetsa mawonekedwe a malo okhazikika pazitseko zamitsempha yamagazi, zomwe zimayambitsa matenda amtima. Komabe, chidziwitsochi sichikwanira pamapeto olondola, amangosocheretsa.

Mayi yemwe adachita mantha (wazaka 32) adafunsa zoyenera kuchita ndi cholesterol chizindikiro cha 5.9 mmol / l. Amachita mantha ndi malangizo ochokera kumbali zonse kuti njira zofunikira zikufunika, mwinanso akuwopsezedwa ndi ischemia, angina pectoris ndi atherosulinosis. Kuyankha kwa adotolo kunamutsimikizira: 3.9-6.5 mmol / L amadziwika kuti ndiwofala, makamaka kwa mkazi wazaka zake, chizindikiro cha 5.9 sichowopsa.

Kuti muchotse kukayikira kwamphamvu m'thupi, muyenera chithunzi chokwanira: chosonyeza, zomwe zili ndi "zoipa" (LDL) ndi "zabwino" (HDL) lipoproteins, komanso triglycerides.

Ngati zotulukazo zili zodziwika bwino, simuyenera kumwa mankhwala mwachangu, kubwezeretsa zakudya zanu ndi zipatso, ndiwo zamasamba, tchizi chochepa kwambiri, kefir, zinthu zomwe zimakhala ndi mafuta osapsa (nsomba zam'madzi, masamba mafuta).

Cholesterol si yoipa monga momwe imapangidwira.

Mwa ambiri, cholesterol imalumikizidwa ndi chinthu choletsedwa, chosalimbikitsa, chowopsa. Koma mbuli zokha zimaganiza choncho. Pali zifukwa zokuda, koma zabodza zakuya kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri munthu amazisintha kukhala zovulaza thupi.

Tiyeni tiyambe ndi zabwino, ndikupereka msonkho kwa cholesterol, womwe ndi wofunikira kwambiri kwa ife, popanda iwo ntchito zotsatirazi ndizosatheka:

1. Chimbudzi. Zimalimbikitsa kupanga timadziti tam'mimba ndi mchere.
2. Kaphatikizidwe ka mahomoni achikazi ndi amuna. Zonsezi komanso kuchepa kwake kumabweretsa mavuto obwera ndi thupi.
3. Kutenga nawo gawo pakupanga cortisol ndi ma adrenal glands komanso kapangidwe ka vitamini D m'mapangidwe a dermal.

Ngati sikokwanira, kumabweretsa thanzi kuwonongeka kwambiri kuposa owonjezera.

Mu chipwirikiti cha 90s (mochedwa 80s), boom yeniyeni idayamba - kuchokera kumbali zonse panali kuyitanidwa kuti athane ndi mdani woopsya waumoyo. Zosindikiza zinali zodzaza ndi mitu yochenjeza "Cholesterol ndi Yoyipa," mapulogalamu onse adawonekera pawailesi yakanema omwe adayikidwa pa nkhondo yolimbana ndi omwe amayambitsa matenda omwe akupha.

Kuyambira nthawi imeneyi, hype yozungulira zinthu izi idayamba, sizinathebe mpaka pano.

Zolemba pachifukwa chofanizira LDL ndi HDL

Mafuta okhathamira adagawidwa kukhala "oyipa" komanso "abwino", ngakhale amagawana kapangidwe kake komanso kapangidwe kake. Kusiyanaku kumangokhala mulingo wakachulukana komanso momwe mapuloteni amaphatikizira.

Mtundu woyamba - kachulukidwe ka LDL kotsika. Amapangika zolembera zomwe zimatsekereza mitsempha m'matumbo kuti magazi ayambe kuyenda bwino. Mafuta ambiri a cholesterol omwe amaphatikizidwa ndi mapuloteni a apoprotein ndiwowopsa.

HDL yachiwiri imakhala ndi kachulukidwe kwambiri ndipo imagwira ntchito yotsutsana ndendende - imatulutsa zombo kuchokera ku LDL, ndikuitumiza ku chiwindi kuti ikonzedwe.

Zinthu za ndende ya cholesterol ndi momwe amafotokozera anthu ambiri

Pali njira zomwe zimakhala ndi zakumwa zoledzera zamafuta m'magazi molingana ndi magawo osiyanasiyana. Kuti mupeze yankho losasangalatsa pa kuyesa kwa magazi kuti cholesterol ya 5.9 mmol / L siyokwanira lingaliro lomaliza la dokotala.

Ndikofunikira kudziwa chizindikiro cha cholesterol yathunthu (yovomerezeka kuchokera 5.2 mpaka 6.2 mmol / L), mulingo wa LDL (kuyambira 1.8 mpaka 4.1 mmol / L) ndi HDL (kuyambira 1.0 mpaka 1.5). Chizindikiro chofananira ndi mulingo wa triglycerides (kuyambira 1.7 mpaka 2.2 mmol / l).

Izi sizinthu zonse zomwe zimakhudza kusankha koyenera. Maziko amatengedwanso kukhala amuna ndi akazi (akazi ndi amuna ali ndi miyambo yosiyanasiyana), zaka, kupezeka kwa matenda, makamaka osakhazikika. Chovuta kwambiri ndi mndandanda wa mayendedwe a cholesterol m'mwazi wa amayi.

Zotsatirazi zikumbukiridwa pano:

• Nyengo (mfundo zamkati zimachokera ku 2 mpaka 4%)
• Msambo
• Mimba
• Matenda osachiritsika
• Zilonda zopweteka.

Ndani amakhala mzera woyamba wa cholesterol yayikulu

Gulu lamavuto limaphatikizapo anthu molingana ndi izi:

• Zaka (munthu akamakula, cholesterol chochuluka chimadziunjikira m'thupi).
• Kudalira chibadwa chamtsogolo. Malinga ndi zotsatira za kafukufuku wazachipatala, zidatsimikizika kuti majini 95 ndi omwe amachititsa kuti pakhale mowa wamwazi m'magazi a ana. Kholo limodzi likadutsa jini yomwe imayendetsa mafuta a cholesterol munthawi yovomerezeka, ndi inayo yawonongeka, chiwopsezo cha mwana wawo kukhala ndi vuto la cholesterol ndiwokwera kwambiri.
• Matenda a chikhalidwe. Kuvutika ndi matenda oyamba omwe amalumikizana ndi endocrine system ndi matenda a shuga komanso ndizovuta kwambiri kuphwanya chizolowezi cha ndende ya mafuta m'magazi.
• Mankhwala Gulu la mankhwala omwe amakhudza kuchuluka kwa mowa wamafuta, choyambirira, chimaphatikizapo corticosteroids, komanso njira zakulera komanso mankhwala omwe amaperekedwa chifukwa cha matenda a mtima.

Kodi pali zizindikiro za cholesterol yapamwamba?

Mwachitsanzo, ngati munthu ali ndi cholesterol ya 5.9 mmol / l, samva chilichonse. Koma, monga tafotokozera kale, chizindikirochi ndichabwinobwino kwa mkazi wachichepere.

Komabe, ngati odwala atherosulinosis ali ndi mulingo womwewo, zizindikiro zotsatirazi zimachitika:

• Kugona
• Mutu
• Kuthamanga kwa magazi
• Ululu mu hypochondrium yoyenera (dera la chiwindi),
• Kudzimbidwa,
• Kuchulukitsa kwa malingaliro
• Kutopa kwambiri.

Madokotala amalangizani kuyang'ana cholesterol yanu ngati zingachitike 2-3 zina mwazizindikirozo.

Pazizindikiro zoyambirira, cholesterol ikakhala pamalo owopsa (osinthika), muyenera kuyamba ndi moyo:

• Kanani zizolowezi zoyipa,
• Kulimbana ndi kusachita masewera olimbitsa thupi (masewera, masewera akunja, maphunziro akuthupi, kuvina, kuyenda),
• Konzani chakudyacho.

Ngati kuchuluka kwa mafuta akumwa kumakhalabe okwanira kapena kutsika kwambiri, thandizo lachipatala ndilofunika kwambiri. Zitenga kuyang'aniridwa kwa dokotala komanso mayeso obwereza kuti aweruze zoyeserera.

Vutoli ndikuti zizindikiro zofananazi zimatha kuwonetsa kukhalapo kwa matenda ena, kotero anthu ambiri sakayikira kuti izi ndizomwe zimayambitsa kudwala. Tsoka ilo, izi zimatsogolera ku chakuti matendawa amafika mpaka osabweranso. IHD, myocardial infarction, IHD, atherosclerosis imachitika. Matendawa samachiritsidwa, koma amakhala ndi thanzi labwinobwino.

Zowopsa za systemic atherosulinosis ndi cholesterol 5.9 mmol / lita

Ngati kusanthula kwa biochemical kusanthula, chizindikiro cha cholesterol chokwanira ndi 5.9 mmol / lita, ndiye izi sizoyimira kwambiri, ndipo musanatenge mozama, ndikofunikira kuti muwunike kuwonekera kwa lipid kuti mufufuze kuti ndi gawo liti la cholesterol lomwe limakhala lalitali kuposa masiku onse.

Zigawo za cholesterol m'thupi

• Mtundu woyipa wa lipoprotein, yomwe imakhala ndi ma molekyulu ocheperako ndipo imatha kukhazikika pamakoma a mitsempha ya mawonekedwe a atherosulinotic zigawo, ndikuyambitsa kutsekeka kwa mitsempha yowonongeka. Ma molekyulu akhazikika a kachigawo ka LDL mu ochepa endothelium amakhala chifukwa cha chitukuko cha matenda a mtima ndi dongosolo la magazi,
• HDL Fraction ndi mtundu wabwino wa lipoprotein wokhala ndi kachulukidwe kwambiri. Ntchito yake yayikulu ndikutulutsa lipids kuchokera m'magazi kuti ibwererenso m'maselo a chiwindi. Mu chiwindi, amapangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito bile. Ma mamolekyulu a HDL amayeretsa magazi ndi kupewa kukula kwa mitsempha ndi mtima,
• Ma triglyceride mamolekyulu ili ndi mphamvu yosungirako m'thupi la munthu ndipo ndi gawo lachigawo cha VLDL. Cholesterol yamtunduwu imakhalanso ndi zofunikira pakukhazikika kwa membrane ndikuwonetsa kuyimitsidwa kwa cholesterol plaque, yomwe, pambuyo pa kuwonjezera kwa calcium ion kwa iyo, imakhala wandiweyani komanso imayambitsa kukula kwa atherosulinosis m'magazi.

Ngati, chifukwa cha kuphatikiza kwachilengedwe ndi phokoso la lipid, zigawo za cholesterol zili pamilingo yayitali kwambiri, kapena zili pamalire a mzere, ndiye kuti mankhwalawo sayenera kumwedwa nthawi yomweyo, ndikofunikira kuyang'ananso ndi reanalysis, mwina zotsatira zamankhwala osokoneza bongo sizinali zodalirika chifukwa chokonzekera bwino thupi, kapena patchuthi.

Ndikofunikira kusanthula ndi lipid sipekitiramu kuti mupeze kuchuluka kwama cholesterol okwera kuposa abwinobwino

Kukonzekera kwa kusanthula

Pofuna kuti tisabwezeretsanso magazi a cholesterol mwa njira yachilengedwe, ndikofunikira kukonzekera thupi kuti likhale lolondola kwambiri:

• Musapereke magazi kuti muwunike pambuyo paphwando lalitali,
• Komanso, osadutsa biochemistry mutavutika kwambiri. Muyenera kuti musunthire kutali ndi zomwe zikukukhudzani, khazikitsani mtima wamanjenje, ndipo zitatha izi ndiye kuti mungadutse zamankhwala osokoneza bongo,
• Magazi amaperekedwa kuyambira 8 mpaka 10 m'mawa komanso pamimba yopanda kanthu. Magazi a cholesterol amachokera m'mitsempha,
• Madzulo a zopereka zamagazi, chakudya chamadzulo chisakhale nsomba yayikulu kwambiri kapena nkhuku ndi ndiwo zamasamba,
• Nthawi pakati pa chakudya chamadzulo ndi mpanda uyenera kukhala maola 10 ndipo osatinso
• Sabata kapena awiri musanapereke magazi, musamwe mowa,
• Musasute fodya asanatengere sampuli ya maola angapo,
• Mutha kumwa madzi m'mawa, koma popanda mpweya.
• Masiku angapo asanafike posanthula mbiri ya lipid samamwa mankhwala aliwonse,
• Sabata imodzi ndondomeko isanachitike, perekani maphunziro ndi kulimbikira,
• Mupereke magazi musakhale wamanjenje.

Ngati thupi lidakonzedwa molondola, pakupanga mawonekedwe a lipid padzakhala zizindikiritso zapamwamba kwambiri zomwe zingakuthandizireni kuti muyambe kusintha kuchokera ku cholesterol index ya 5.9 kukhala yokhazikika.

Muyenera kupereka magazi modekha

Katundu wa cholesterol mthupi

Odwala ambiri, akanena kuti cholesterol ndi yapamwamba kuposa yachilendo, mwachangu lingalirani za chitukuko cha systemic atherosclerosis yokhala ndi matenda osokoneza bongo komanso kuphwanya kwa myocardial, ndipo musaganize kuti kuwonjezereka kwa cholesterol sikungayambitse kufa nthawi yomweyo.

Choopsa chochokera ku cholesterol ndichabwino kwambiri kwa munthu, koma izi ndi pamene cholesterol imakhala yotalika kuposa momwe zimakhalira ndipo wodwala satenga njira iliyonse kuti achepetse.

Cholesterol chikakhala chachilendo, chimagwira ntchito zambiri mthupi:

• Pakupanga ma membrane am'mimba, cholesterol ndiyofunikira kwambiri pakuchita izi,
• Mothandizidwa ndi mafuta, ma asidi a bile amapangidwa,
• Kuphatikizika kwa mavitamini a vitamini E, A ndi D m'mapangidwe a khungu ndikosatheka popanda thandizo la cholesterol,
• Lipids amalimbikitsa kupanga madzi am'mimba ndi mchere wam'mimba kuti aphwasule chakudya,
• Ma molekyulu a Cholesterol amalimbitsa chitetezo cha mthupi,
• Cholesterol imagwira nawo ntchito yopanga mahomoni ogonana, pakuchepa komwe ntchito zachimuna ndi zachimuna zimasokonekera,
• Imatenga gawo pakupanga kwa cortisol ya mahomoni ndi tiziwalo tamadontho tambiri,
• Mafuta amakhudzidwa ndi kapangidwe ka minofu ndi mafupa amanjenje,
• Imateteza ulusi wamanjenje mumalo okhala ndi mulu wokutira ndi wotanuka.

Udindo wa HDL mthupi la munthu

Zoyenera kuchita

Choyamba, kutsitsa cholesterol kuchokera ku 5.9 kumayamba ndi kuchotsedwa kwa zifukwa zomwe zimachulukira, zomwe zimakhudzana ndi njira zosagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala:

• Siyani kusuta ndi kuledzera,
• Yambitsani moyo wokangalika poyendetsa njinga ndi kukwera maulendo, kulembetsa padziwe ndi masewera olimbitsa thupi. Nthawi zambiri, ndikamachita zochulukirapo komanso kukana zakudya zomwe zimaphatikizidwa ndi zakudya za hypocholesterol, cholesterol yomwe imakhala ndi 5.9 imakhala yachilendo,
• Kusintha kwamphamvu.

Lekani kusuta fodya komanso kuledzera

Kuyimitsa kuwonjezeka kwa cholesterol index kuchokera 5.9 mmol / lita ndi kukwera, ndikofunikira kuchepetsa mafuta omwe ali mkati ndi chakudya ndikutsatira zakudya zama hypocholesterol.

Zakudya zopatsa thanzi sizingangobwezeretsa kuchuluka kwa lipid zokha, komanso kuchepetsa mapaundi owonjezera.

Mfundo zikuluzikulu za zakudya:

• Kuti muchepetse kunenepa kwamafuta m'thupi, musadye mafuta anyama, mafuta a nyama, batala, margarine,
• Chepetsani kuchuluka kwa mchere osaposa magalamu 5.0,
• Fotokozerani mafuta a masamba ndi mtedza mu zakudya, zomwe zimakhala ndi omega-3 yambiri,
• Kugwiritsa ntchito nsomba zamitundu yamafuta kumayambitsidwa m'zakudya tsiku lililonse (mitundu ya nsomba, mackerel, tuna), yomwe ilinso ndi Omega-3,
• Idyani nkhuku ndi nyama yamtchire, koma pokhapokha utoto,
• Idyani zakudya zopanda kanthu monga oatmeal, buckwheat,
• Pazakudya, oposa 50.0% ayenera kukhala masamba atsopano, zitsamba zam'munda, zipatso ndi zipatso,
• Chakudya chizikhala cha mitundu mitundu osachepera 5 6 patsiku,
• Usiku, imwani kapu ya yogurt yamafuta ochepa kapena kefir.

Momwe mungachepetse?

Mankhwala amapangidwa kuti achepetse mafuta amkati mwa cholesterol ambiri, koma pali magulu a odwala omwe mankhwalawa amaperekedwa pamodzi ndi zakudya:

• Ndi chikonga chaminga,
• Ndi ischemia wa mtima
• Zaka 70 kapena kupitirira
• Type 2 shuga
• Kunenepa kwambiri 3 madigiri,
• Kupewera kwachiwiri kwa myocardial infarction ndi stroke.

Gulu lalikulu la chithandizo ndi ma statins.

Mapiritsi awa sanapangidwe kuti adzichiritse pokha, chifukwa adokotala amasankha mankhwalawo komanso muyezo payekhapayekha.

Ma Statins akutsimikiziridwa kuti achepetse chiopsezo chokhala ndi cholesterol ya mtima ndi 5.9 komanso matenda a mtima, komanso kupangika kwa systemic atherosclerosis.

Nthawi zambiri, mankhwalawa a gulu la statin ndi omwe amapatsidwa:

• Mankhwala Zokor,
• Crestor,
• Mankhwala Mevacor,
• Mapiritsi a Torvacard.

Ndi mankhwala a statin, ndikofunikira kuyang'anira cholesterol index nthawi zonse.

Kodi ndichifukwa chiyani cholesterol ikufunika?

Sianthu ambiri omwe amadziwa kuti cholesterol ndiyotani, koma ambiri amvapo za kuvulaza kwake komanso kulimbana kwawo kosalekeza.

Cholesterol ndi mowa wokhala ndi mafuta womwe umafunika m'thupi. Udindo wake wogwira ntchito mthupi ndiwambiri kwambiri kotero kuti nkosavuta kutchula njira zomwe cholesterol singatenge nawo gawo.

Popanda lipids, njira zoterezi popanga thupi la munthu sizichitika:

• Cholesterol ndi gawo lomanga mu ziwalo za ma cell, zomwe zimapangitsa kukhala zotanuka kwambiri, zamphamvu komanso zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zowonjezera,
• Amatenga nawo gawo pakupanga mahomoni ogonana ndi ma te adalal,
• Kugwiritsa ntchito lipids m'maselo a chiwindi, vitamini D amapangidwa,
• Mothandizidwa ndi cholesterol, ndulu imagwira ntchito ndikupanga bile acid,
• Mphamvu za cholesterol ndizomangira pakati pa ma cell a ma neurons mu chingwe cha msana komanso muubongo,
• Lipids ndi omwe amachititsa kuti ziwalo zamkati ziziteteza khungu lathu komanso kuziteteza kuti ziziteteza chilengedwe, zomwe zimathandizira chitetezo chamthupi,
• Lipids ndi gawo limodzi mwa michere yamanjenje.

Kuchuluka kwa cholesterol yomwe ikukhudzidwa:

• Pakupanga mamolekyulu a erythrocyte mu ziwalo za cell - 24.0%,
• M'matumbo a ma cell a chiwindi - 17,0%,
• M'maselo a khungu loyera - 15,0%,
• M'maselo a imvi medulla - mpaka 7.0%.

Zowopsa m'thupi, mafuta okha omwe amakhala mumtsempha wamagazi ndikukhazikika pamitsempha yamagazi, ndikupanga zolembera za atherosulinotic.

75.0% - 80.0% ya cholesterol yonse imapangidwa mkati mwa thupi ndi maselo a chiwindi, ndipo 20.0% - 25.0% ya lipids imalowa m'thupi ndi chakudya.

Mkati mwa thupi, kapangidwe ka cholesterol ndimachitidwe opitilira, motero m'thupi mumelo mumakhala mamolekyulu aulere a lipoprotein, komanso mowa wophatikizidwa ndi mafuta a cholesterol.

Chifukwa chake, zimatsimikiziridwa kuti kusinthasintha kwa cholesterol index kumatha kudalira chakudya cha anthu, ndikupatuka kuzisonyezo zokwezeka kumka m'mwamba, ndipo ngati mumatsatira zakudya zolimba, ndiye kutsikira.

Cholesterol ku nkhani zake ↑

Kusiyana pakati pazothandiza ndi zovulaza

Cholesterol sioyipa kapena yabwino pakapangidwe kake. Dzinali linaperekedwa kwa mamolekyulu a mankhwala a lipid - lipoproteins, omwe ali am'maselo ochepa komanso apamwamba kwambiri.

Uku ndiye kusiyana pakati pa lipids. Zonse ndizokhudza kapangidwe ka mamolekyulu a cholesterol. Mamolekyu a lipoprotein ndi osagwera m'madzi, ndipo amayenda m'magazi pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osakanikirana ndi ma protein (apoliproteins), omwe amanyamula mamolekyulu a lipid.

Mapuloteni ochulukirapo omwe amapezeka mu lipid pompopompo, lipoprotein yabwinoko imatulutsa cholesterol mthupi lonse ndipo imanyamula lipids zochuluka kumaselo a chiwindi chifukwa cha catabolism.

Cholesterol yoipa kapena yoyipa - awa ndi ma lipoprotein ochepera kwambiri omwe amatha kukhazikika pa arterial endothelium ya nembanemba, amapanga cholesterol malo omwe amatsekera lumen m'mitsempha.

Cholesterol yoyipa imayambitsa kuthamanga kwa magazi mu kachitidwe, ndipo atherosulinosis imayambitsa matenda, omwe mu mawonekedwe ovuta kwambiri amatha kuyambitsa matenda a sitiroko kapena kuphedwa kwa myocardial.

Cholesterol yabwino (yopindulitsa) ndi lipoprotein yapamwamba kwambiri yomwe imayenda molimba mtima m'magazi, sonkhanitsani ma mamolekyulu aulere ndikuwapititsa ku ma cell a chiwindi kuti agwiritsenso ntchito ndi bile acids.

Cholesterol chachikulu kwambiri choyeretsa magazi m'mitsempha ya lipid, yomwe ndi njira yabwino yolepheretsa atherosclerosis.

Mulingo wamagazi

Chizindikiro cha cholesterol yotsika pang'ono ndi mulingo uwu:

High Density Cholesterol Index ya amuna ndi akazi onse:

Zisonyezo za cholesterol index m'thupi lachikazi molingana ndi zaka zake:

Mu thupi lachikazi, cholesterol index imakhala yokhazikika mpaka kusintha kwa kusintha kwa thupi ndi kusamba, ndiye kuti zizindikirizo zimayamba kuchuluka.

Kuti muwunikire zotsatira za matenda omwe ali nawo pazotsatira za lipid, maubwenzi onse akuyenera kukumbukiridwa, kuwonjezera pa msinkhu komanso jenda, zinthu zingapo:

• Nyengo. Kuchuluka kwa mamolekyulu a cholesterol kumawonjezeka ndi 4.0% nyengo yachisanu. M'chilimwe, cholesterol index imachepa. Kusochera uku kungaonedwe ngati kwachilengedwe,
• Kusamba kwa mkazi kumakhudzanso mamolekyulu a cholesterol. Kumayambiriro kwenikweni kwa mkombowu kukuwonjezeka kwa 10,0%, ndipo kumapeto kwa kuzungulira ndi 6.0% - 8.0%. Izi ndichifukwa cha ntchito ya adrenal glands kuti ipange mahomoni ogonana ndikupanga mamolekyulu a cholesterol pamenepa,
• Pa pakati pa azimayi, cholesterol index imatha kuwonjezeka ndi 15,0%, yomwe imadziwika kuti ndizofala. Ngati chisonyezo chiri pamwamba pa chizolowezi ichi, ndiye kuti ichi ndiwonjezero wazomwe m`pofunika kupeza matenda ndikuwachitira. Kuchuluka kwa kuchuluka kwa cholesterol index pa nthawi yoyembekezera kumatha kusokoneza thupi la mkazi komanso mapangidwe a mwana wosabadwayo,
• Concomitant pathologies mu wodwala - matenda oopsa, matenda a mtima ziwalo - angina pectoris, arrhythmia, tachycardia ndi mtima ischemia,
• Malignant oncological neoplasms amatsogolera kuchepa kwakukulu kwa mamolekyulu a cholesterol popanga magazi a plasma. Ndi kukula kwa chotupa cha khansa, imafunikira lipids ndi zofunikira zina mthupi kuti khungu lizikula.

Mu thupi laimuna, ndi zaka, kumakhala kukuwonjezereka kwa cholesterol index mpaka zaka 50 - 55, ndiye kuti zimayamba kuchepa.

Njira ya lipid mu thupi laimuna imachitika mwachindunji ndi thupi lachikazi.

M'pofunikanso kulabadira kuchuluka kwa mamolekyulu a zabwino ndi zoyipa lipids popanga magazi a plasma. Ngati cholowa cha atherogenic sichikugwirizana ndi chizolowezi, ndiye kuti ndizowopsa monga kukulitsa kachidutswa ka LDL.

Ikhozanso kukhala chifukwa cha chitukuko cha systemic atherosulinosis, chomwe chimakwiyitsa kuphwanya magazi m'mimba ndi sitiroko yam'mimba yokhala ndi zotsatira zakupha. ku nkhani zake ↑

Mawonekedwe Amphamvu

• Nthawi yomweyo chepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta okhala ndi mafuta m'thupi - mafuta anyama, nyama, batala, margarine
• Gawo loyamba ndi kusiya kusuta fodya komanso kumwa mowa. Ndi lipid index ya 5.8, mutha kumwa kapu imodzi yamphesa yofiirira patsiku, yomwe imathandizira lipids yoyipa m'magazi,
• Mfundo yoyamba yachiwiri ndiyo kuletsa mchere. Simungagwiritse mchere wosaposa magalamu a 5.0 patsiku, komanso muyenera kulingalira kuti masamba ndi nyama mulinso mchere,
• Idyani zakudya zowumitsa zambiri, komanso fiber, zomwe zimapatsa kumva kukoma mtima kwa nthawi yayitali. Mndandandawo uphatikizaponso chimanga, chomwe, chophatikiza ndi fiber ndi chakudya, chimayenera kukhala ndi 60.0% ya chakudya chatsiku lililonse,
• Idyani nyama ya nkhuku ndi nkhuku, koma pokhapokha pakhungu, chotsani khungu. Kuphika maphunziro oyamba mumisuzi wa masamba,
• Sankhani shuga kwathunthu kuchokera menyu ndi lipids za 5.8, komanso kuchepetsa uchi. Pakudya mchere, idyani zipatso, zipatso ndi zipatso, komanso zipatso zosapatsa zipatso.
• Mafuta ophika masamba (maolivi, ma sesame ndi opaka mafuta) amawonjezedwa kale ku zakudya zophika musanadye, chifukwa amasunga mafuta ochulukirapo a polyunsaturated acid Omkega-3,
• Ndi cholesterol 5.8, zakudya zazing'ono m'magawo ochepa, koma osachepera 5-6 patsiku. Thupi siliyenera kumva njala, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mafuta azikwana,
• Yambitsani nsomba zam'madzi zomwe zimakhala ndi omega-3s muzakudya
• Zopangira mkaka wowonda ziyenera kudyedwa wopanda mafuta, kapena ndi mafuta ochepa.
• Ndi lipid index ya 5.8, musaiwale za kuchuluka kwa madzi mthupi. Kumwa madzi ambiri oyera kumathandizira kuchepetsa magazi a madzi am'madzi, omwe amachepetsa cholesterol kuti ikhale yachilendo.

Mankhwala ochepetsa

Ndi concomitant pathologies a cholesterol index ya 5.8 mmol / lita, chithandizo ndi mankhwala ndi mankhwala. Mankhwala amathandizidwanso pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga ma systemic and coronary pathologies.

Gulu lalikulu la mankhwala omwe amatenga nawo gawo pakuchepetsa cholesterol kuchokera ku 5.8 kupita ku Noma ndi ma statins. Kuphatikiza ndi ma statins, dokotala nthawi zambiri amapereka mankhwala a fibrins.

Statin ali ndi mndandanda waukulu wazotsatira zamthupi, makamaka pamankhwala am'mimba, komanso pa ulusi wa minofu, zomwe zimapangitsa kukulitsa kwa pathologies - myopathy ndi rhabdomyolysis.

Mfundo kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala m'thupi la wodwalayo ndi cholesterol 5.8 mmol / lita:

• Mankhwala a Statin amaletsa kaphatikizidwe ka mamolekyu otsika a lipoprotein m'maselo a chiwindi, omwe amachepetsa kwambiri gawo la LDL, komanso amathandizanso kuphatikizira kwa lipids yapamwamba kwambiri ya kachigawo ka HDL. Kubwezeretsa bwino pakati pa tizigawo ta lipid kumatsitsa cholesterol kuchokera ku 5.8 kukhala yabwinobwino. Mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza - Rosuvastatin, mankhwala a Lovastatin, komanso mapiritsi a Atorvastatin ndi mankhwala a Simvastatin. Statins amathandiza kuyeretsa magazi a cholesterol owonjezera, omwe ndi abwino kupewa chitukuko cha systemic atherosulinosis ndi mtima pathologies,
• Ma Fibrins amathandizira kutsitsa lipids kuchokera pamlingo wa 5.8, ndi lipid oxidation. Ma fibrins amadziwika kuti ndi mankhwala othandizira a statins.

Ma bioadditives a Omega-3 ndi mavitamini ndi michere yamafuta amathandizidwanso kuti apatsidwe mankhwala.

Zithandizo za anthu

Mafuta a cholesterol a 5.8 mmol / lita sichizindikiro chovuta, koma ndi chizindikiro cha kusalingalira bwino mu mulingo wa lipid m'thupi.

Kuphatikiza ndi chakudya chamagulu, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito maphikidwe a mankhwala achilengedwe kuti muimitse kukula kwa hypercholesterolemia:

• Flaxseed amatsitsa cholesterol index 5.8 bwino. Mbewu za fulakesi zimayenera kukhala pansi mu chopukutira khofi ndikuwonjezeredwa ndi zophika. Mpaka ma supuni atatu a mbewu za fulakesi ayenera kudyedwa patsiku. Mutha kugwiritsanso ntchito decoctions a mbewu ya fulakesi kapena mafuta odzola. Njira zamankhwala zimachokera mwezi umodzi,
• Njira yochepetsera cholesterol index 5.8 ndi mapaundi a mandimu, mutu umodzi wa adyo watsopano ndi magalamu 100.0 a uchi wachilengedwe. Amenyani ndimu ndi adyo mu blender ndikusakaniza ndi uchi wachilengedwe mpaka yosalala. Tengani supuni imodzi katatu patsiku mphindi 30 musanayambe chakudya. Njira ya chithandizo ndi masiku 21. Sungani kusakaniza mu firiji.