Zizindikiro ziti za cholesterol yapamwamba? Zizindikiro zake ndi cholesterol yayikulu

Mulingo wabwinobwino wa phatikizoli ndikofunikira pakugwira ntchito bwino kwamankhwala ambiri komanso kukhala bwino.

Kuphatikiza apo cholesterol ndi gawo limodzi la makoma a cell, imagwiranso ntchito zotsatirazi:

imapatsa mphamvu michere yam'maselo,
imayang'anira kuchuluka kwa ma cell a cell pogwiritsa ntchito ma enzymes oyenera,
amatenga nawo gawo pakusinthana kwamafuta osungunuka wamafuta komanso njira zina za metabolic.
ndi phata lomwe limakhudza kapangidwe ka mahomoni a adrenal ndi androgens,
zomwe zimapangidwa ndi ma sheelin sheaths of the nerve fibers,
amatenga nawo mbali popanga vitamini D,
imateteza maselo ofiira m'magulu oyipa a hemolytic poizoni,
amatenga nawo mbali pakapangidwe kamabala a bile ndi bile mu chiwindi, omwe amachititsa kuti mafuta a alimentary akhale m'matumbo,
zimakhudza ntchito ya serotonin receptors, yomwe imayang'anira kusangalala komanso kusangalala.

Kuchulukitsa komanso kuyenerera kwa cholesterol

Cholesterol chonse chimakwezedwa ngati mulingo wake ndi woposa 5 mmol / L. Ngati munthu ali ndi matenda osokoneza bongo a mellitus kapena matenda a mtima, ndiye kuti chizindikiro sichingafanane ndi 4.5 mmol / L.

Dziwani kuti munthu sayenera kungoganiza kuchuluka kwa cholesterol m'mwazi, komanso zofunikira - chiwerengero cha magawo ake osiyanasiyana. Chifukwa chake, cholesterol yotsika kwambiri imachuluka ngati zomwe zili zoposa 100-130 mg / dl. Kuchuluka kwa HDL ndi triglycerides kumathandizidwanso.

Tiyenera kunena kuti lipoproteins yotsika kwambiri imatchedwa "yoyipa" chifukwa imanyamula mafuta ambiri m'thupi. Pankhaniyi, njira za oxidation zimachitika, zomwe zimatsatiridwa ndi kaphatikizidwe kazinthu zopanga ma antibodies ndikupanga mapangidwe osakhazikika omwe amatha kulowa m'mitsempha ya mitsempha ndikuyambitsa njira yotupa mwa iwo.

Ma lipoproteins apamwamba kwambiri amawonedwa kuti ndi "abwino" chifukwa amatenga cholesterol m'mitsempha yamagazi ndikuibwezera ku chiwindi, komanso kupewa ma oxidation.

Zoyambitsa Hypercholesterolemia

Mu etiology yokhala ndi cholesterol yambiri, chinthu chobadwa nacho chimatha kunama. Mtundu wa matenda amtunduwu amafotokozedwa ngati woyamba kapena banja. Zikaulula cholesterol yokwanira mwa ana. Matendawa amayamba chifukwa chakuti mwana amalandila jini losalimba kuchokera kwa makolo ake, lomwe limayambitsa kuphatikizika kwa lipid, chifukwa chake, mthupi lake, amapezeka kuti ali ndi ma protein.

Tiyenera kudziwa kuti nthawi zambiri, cholesterol yokwezeka mwa ana siyimapezeka, chifukwa chilichonse chimakhala popanda zizindikiro za chipatala. Vutoli limayamba kuonekera mukamakula.

Mitundu yachiwiri yamatenda imayamba kukhudzana ndi zinthu zina zomwe zimapangitsa kukhala zothandizira kapena zowopsa:

Kusokonezeka kwa chiwindi,
kupsinjika ndi mitsempha,
zaka 55 zapitazo
jenda (cholesterol yathunthu imachulukidwa pafupipafupi mwa amuna),
kusuta
chakudya chopatsa thanzi - Zakudya zamafuta kwambiri komanso zopatsa mphamvu kwambiri,
kusowa kwa masewera olimbitsa thupi.

Pathologies limodzi ndi hypercholesterolemia. Limagwirira zake chitukuko

Nthawi zambiri, kuchuluka kwambiri kwa cholesterol kumawonedwa ndikuwonongeka kwa chiwindi, matenda a shuga, hypothyroidism. Nephrotic syndrome imadziwikanso ndi kuchuluka kwazomwe zimachitika.

Dziwani kuti makulidwe a mankhwala ena mwadongosolo, kukhalapo kwa ochepa matenda oopsa komanso kunenepa kwambiri kumayambitsa Hypercholesterolemia.

Ngati tizingolankhula za makina a chitukuko cha matenda awa, ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti kudzikundikira kwa cholesterol m'zigawo za cell ndikuteteza kwachilengedwe pokana madzi awo. Ichi ndichifukwa chake hypercholesterolemia imawonetsa kudutsa komwe kumachitika kuti munthu asadutse madzi pogwiritsa ntchito ma cell, ndikuwonetsetsa kuti magwiridwe antchito awo amagwira. Chifukwa chake, m'maselo omwe si a nyukiliya, mafuta acids amatha kulekerera kusowa kwa madzi.

Tikamaliza, ndiye kuti titha kutchulanso chinthu china chofunikira kwambiri cha cholesterol yapamwamba - kuchepa kwa madzi m'maselo ndi thupi lonse.

Kodi hypercholesterolemia imapezeka bwanji?

Kuti mudziwitse bwino, zizindikilo za cholesterol yokhazo zomwe ndizodalirika. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti mupimidwe mozama ndikudutsa mayeso angapo.

kusonkhanitsa kwa anamnesis ndikuwunika kwathunthu, poganizira madandaulo a wodwala,
kukhazikitsa kuthekera kotukula mabanja a hypercholesterolemia kapena mavuto ena azaumoyo,
kuyesedwa ndi chidwi ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi,
kusanthula kwakanthawi kwamkodzo ndi magazi kupatula zotupa zotupa,
kuyesa kwamwazi wamagazi ndi kutsimikiza kwake kwa kuchuluka kwa creatinine, shuga ndi uric acid,
mbiri ya lipid, yomwe imakuthandizani kuti muwone zamtundu wa lipoproteins,
kuyesedwa kwa immunological
kuwunikira kowonjezereka kwa achibale apafupi kuti adziwe vuto la chibadwa.

Panthawi yodziwitsa, ndikofunikira kudziwa zaumoyo wodwala, momwe amakhalira, kukhalapo kwa zizolowezi zoyipa. Muyeneranso kudziwa nthawi yomwe mayeso omaliza a zamankhwala adachitika, mtundu wa madandaulo awo ndi zomwe zidachitika.

Zizindikiro ziti za cholesterol yapamwamba?

Ziyenera kunenedwa nthawi yomweyo kuti hypercholesterolemia yokha sikuwonetseredwa mwachipatala. Madandaulo ena amapezeka mwa wodwala pakabuka ma pathologies oyenera omwe amaphatikizidwa ndi vuto la lipid metabolism.

wodwala ali ndi kupweteka pachifuwa, vuto la mtima kapena vuto la mtima limayamba, lomwe limalumikizidwa ndi kuwonongeka kwa ziwiya zamatumbo,
ngati cholesterol yochuluka kwambiri yapezeka mwa amuna, ndiye kuti kusabala mphamvu kapena kusowa kwa Erectile kungachitike nthawi yomweyo, yomwe imalumikizidwa ndi kufalikira kwa mitsempha yolingana ndi cholesterol,
atherosclerosis ndi matenda a kugwa kwa magazi ndi chizindikiro chowopsa cha cholesterol yapamwamba,
Ngati makoma a zotumphukira zimakhudzidwa ndi hypercholesterolemia, ndiye kuti zimatha matenda amiyendo, komanso vein thrombosis ndi chitukuko cha thrombophlebitis
Zizindikiro zosadziwika za cholesterol yayikulu zimaphatikizira kupweteka m'munsi, kukhumudwa, komanso kusasangalala mumtima.

Mawonetsero akunja a cholesterolemia

Kuphatikiza pa madandaulo akuwonetsa kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha yamagazi, odwala amatha kuona zizindikiro zakunja za cholesterol yapamwamba. Pakati pawo ayenera kutchedwa mawonekedwe a lipoid corneal arch. Chizindikiro ichi chikuwonetsa, monga lamulo, kukula kwa mabanja a hyperlipidemia ndipo amapezeka mwa odwala omwe ali ndi zaka zosaposa 50.

Chowonetsera china chofunikira cha cholesterol yapamwamba ndi xanthelasma. Mitunduyi imawoneka ngati timiyala tachikasu tachikasu tomwe timatchulidwa pansi pa epithelium yapamwamba. Nthawi zina zimakhala zazing'ono kukula, zimatha kupita osadziwika, chifukwa chake, nthawi zambiri zimapezeka ndi akatswiri. Ndi hypercholesterolemia, mawonekedwe a xanthomas, ma cholesterol a cholesterol omwe amapezeka pamwamba pa tendons, amakhalanso ndi machitidwe.

Tiyenera kudziwa kuti mawonekedwe ofotokozedwawo amangowonekera pang'onopang'ono pang'onopang'ono, pomwe matendawa ali ndi vuto lalikulu, amadziwika ndi zotupa zosiyanasiyana ndi cholesterol, yomwe imakwera kwambiri.

Cholesterol ndi pakati

Pakubala kwa mwana wosabadwa, thupi la mkazi limamangidwanso mwachangu kuti mwana athe kukhazikika. Munthawi imeneyi, kagayidwe ka lipid amasintha. Chifukwa chake, cholesterol yowonjezereka panthawi yapakati imatha kuonedwa ngati yokhazikika, chifukwa panthawiyi thupi la amayi omwe akuyembekezeralo likufunika kwambiri popanga izi kuti lizitha kupeza mahomoni ambiri a steroid.

Tisaiwale kuti hypercholesterolemia ya thupi yolimbitsa thupi iyenera kukhala ndi malire ndipo osapitirira muyeso kuposa 2 times. Kuphatikiza apo, ndizosangalatsa kuti cholesterol yayikulu panthawi yoyembekezera imakhala ndi zizindikiro zosiyanasiyana kutengera zaka za mkazi. Chifukwa chake, ngati mayi woyembekezera alibe zaka zopitilira 19, ndi 3.08-5.18 mol / l. Ngati ali ndi zaka 40 kapena kupitirira, ndiye kuti cholesterol ndi 6.94. M'magawo onse awiri, izi ndizowonekera.

Mafuta ochuluka kwambiri m'magazi a amayi apakati amawonetsedwa mu trimester yachitatu. Pambuyo pa kubadwa, kuchuluka kwa cholesterol kumabwereranso kwawokha mkati mwa masabata 4-6.

Pharmacological chithandizo cha hypercholesterolemia

Mukapezeka ndi cholesterol yayikulu komanso mawonetsedwe azachipatala omwe amaphatikizidwa ndi mafuta operewera amisempha, tikulimbikitsidwa kumwa magulu otsatirawa a mankhwalawa:

Madera Amaletsa kaphatikizidwe ka michere yomwe imakhudzidwa ndikupanga cholesterol, ndiwo mankhwala otchuka kwambiri a hypercholesterolemia. Kutengera machitidwe a matendawa komanso momwe thupi limachitikira, mankhwalawa amatha kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa cholesterol pafupifupi 60%. Kuphatikiza apo, amachepetsa triglycerides ndikuwonjezera milingo ya HDL. Mankhwala omwe amakonda kudziwika ndi Mevacor, Baykol ndi Leskol.
Fac acid - amachepetsa kuchuluka kwa triglycerides ndi HDL, amathandizira kuti makutidwe a oxidation mu chiwindi. Gululi limaphatikizapo Atromed-S, Tricor ndi Lopid.

Zowonjezera Zomwe Zimachepetsa Cholesterol

Pharmacotherapy imachitika mu zovuta kapena zovuta njira ya hypercholesterolemia. Ndi mawonekedwe ake ocheperako, zotsatirazi zikugwira ntchito:

Vitamini E - antioxidant wamphamvu, amaletsa mapangidwe a cholesterol plaque komanso amachepetsa chiopsezo chokhala ndi mtima wa mtima.
Mafuta ochulukirapo a Omega-3 amapezeka m'mafuta ambiri, mafuta a primrose, fulakesi ndi kugwiriridwa, amachepetsa triglycerides ndipo amateteza thrombosis, amateteza ku kutupa, komwe ndi kupewa bwino kwa atherossteosis,
Mlingo waukulu wa nicotinic acid, womwe umapangitsa kuti mafuta azikhala ndi mafuta m'thupi lonse, amachepetsa kuchuluka kwa triglycerides ndi LDL, umakulitsa kuchuluka kwa HDL ndi 30%,
folic acid ndi vitamini B12 - ngati ali osakwanira, kuchuluka kwa ma homocystine amachepetsa, zomwe zimawonjezera chiopsezo cha kusintha kwa mtima wamatenda a mtima ndi matenda a mtima.

Dziwani kuti kumwa mankhwala ena sikuchotsa kufunika kokhala ndi moyo wathanzi. Zizindikiro za cholesterol yayikulu sizingakhale bwino ngati mumadya moyenera, kuwunika kunenepa, kusuntha kwambiri, osasuta fodya komanso kumayeserera pafupipafupi.

Zakudya za hypercholesterolemia

Cholinga cha kadyedwe kazakudya ndi zotsatira zoyipa komanso kuchotsedwa kwa cholesterol yowonjezereka m'thupi kudzera muzinthu zoyenera.

Kodi ndi mfundo ziti zomwe zikuyenera kutsatiridwa?

Onetsetsani kuti muchepetsa mafuta, muchepetsani mafuta ambiri a cholesterol pazakudya, muchepetseni mafuta ochulukirapo acids ndikuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa polyunsaturated. Amalimbikitsa kudya mchere wochepa, michere yambiri, ndipo ndizothandiza m'malo mwa nyama zanyama ndi mafuta azomera.

Zakudya zopatsa thanzi zimaphatikizapo nsomba, nyama yotsika, mtedza ndi soya, chimanga ndi chinangwa, komanso tiyi wobiriwira, yemwe si antioxidant yekha, komanso chakumwa chomwe chimapangitsa kagayidwe ka lipid.

Kugwiritsa ntchito adyo osaphika kumakhala ndi zotsatira zabwino. Imatha kupewetsa magazi, kuteteza magazi kuundana ndikuchepetsa cholesterol chifukwa cha kupezeka kwa alliin pakupanga kwake.

Ma cholesterol okwera akapezeka, Zizindikiro, chithandizo komanso kupezeka kwa ma concomitant pathologies zimadalira etiology yamatendawa. Izi ziyeneranso kuganiziridwa popereka mankhwala, omwe ayenera kukhala okwanira ndi cholinga chofuna kuteteza matenda a lipid metabolism.

Kodi cholesterol yayikulu ingayambitse chiyani?

Mwina sizingachitike pachilichonse, kapena zitha kubweretsa kusintha pakuyenda kwamitsempha yamagazi, atero Shakirova. Makamaka, ku ma atherosselotic zotupa za mtima wam'matumbo, ziwiya zam'mimba, miyendo yotsika, komanso mapangidwe a atherosulinotic plaques. Ndipo malembawa, angayambitse kumangidwa kwadzidzidzi kwamtima, kugunda kwa mtima, sitiroko, angina pectoris, kusokonezeka kwa ntchito ya ubongo komanso ngakhale kulira. Zonse zimatengera chithunzi cha odwala.

Kodi mokweza umakhudza bwanji moyo wabwino?

Atherosulinosis koyambirira sikuwonekera. Zizindikiro zimawoneka ngati chotengera chimachepetsedwa ndi pafupifupi 80% komanso zolembedwa za atherosulinotic. “Poona izi, zizindikiro za pachimake za ischemia. Ikhoza kukhala stroke, myocardial infarction, angina pectoris. Kuwoneka kwa matenda achulukitsidwe ndikotheka ngati kusintha m'matumbo a impso kuyang'aniridwa makamaka. Ngati malembawo amakhala makamaka kumunsi kwa miyendo, ndiye kuti kupindika kumapezeka. Ndiye kuti, akamayenda, wodwalayo amamva kupweteka m'mbali. Imayima - ululu umachoka. Kutengera malo omwe mapopowo adakhalapo, zimamveka bwino kuti wodwalayo ali ndi matenda otani komanso ali ndi matenda ati, "wothandizira adatero.

Momwe mungachiritsire komanso ndi adokotala ati kuti mukwaniritse

Chithandizo chokwanira chitha kuperekedwa ndi dokotala wamtima kapena, monga omaliza, othandizira, akutero Shakirova. Palinso mtundu wina monga lipidologist. "Uyu ndi munthu amene amalimbana ndi vuto la cholesterol metabolism, makamaka ngati ali ndi chibadwa," adokotala amafotokoza.

Ngati cholesterol yapamwamba yapezeka, wodwalayo amapatsidwa zakudya zinazake ndipo, kutengera zomwe zimayambitsa vutoli, mankhwala oyenerera amalembedwa. Popewa zovuta, madokotala ena angalimbikitse prophylaxis. Mwazowopsa, pamene ziwiya "zatsekedwa", madokotala okhazikika am'mimba okha ndi omwe angathandize wodwalayo. Izi zikuyenera kuchitika pa nthawi yake, chifukwa kukakamira kwa magazi kutsikira kumtima, kugunda kwa mtima kumatha kuchitika, ndipo ngati kumachitika muubongo, ndiye kuti pali sitiroko.

Monga lamulo, anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a mtima, matenda ashuga, kuthamanga kwa magazi, cholowa chovuta, komanso omwe amasuta amakhala pagawo langozi. Odwala oterewa amawalimbikitsa kuti aziona kuchuluka kwa zinthu zomwe zili m'magazi kamodzi pazaka zisanu.

Chifukwa chiyani cholesterol ili yoopsa?

Cholesterol m'magazi ndikofunikira, imakhudzidwa m'njira zambiri zofunika mthupi. Koma kuchuluka kwa "koyipa" cholesterol akapitilira muyeso, kusintha kwakukuru kumayamba kuchitika m'magazi amtima, omwe amaphatikizika kwambiri, nthawi zina amafa chifukwa cha matenda.

Polankhula za hypercholesterolemia, ndikofunikira kulingalira kuchuluka kwa triglycerides - mawonekedwe apadera a cholesterol, kuchuluka kwake komwe kumathandizanso chiwopsezo cha kukhala ndi mtima wamitsempha yamagazi. Chifukwa chake, ngozi yochokera ku lipid metabolism ingakambidwe pazochitika pakakhala njira zophatikizana zowonjezera lipsterol ya otsika osalimba lipoproteins ndi triglycerides motsutsana ndi maziko a kuchepa kwamodzimodzi munthawi yamagetsi apamwamba a lipoproteins m'magazi.

Kuchuluka kwa lipids m'magazi kumabweretsa zotsatirazi zotsatirazi:

makulidwe a mitsempha chifukwa chopindika pa cholesterol pa iwo,
kuchepa kwamitsempha yama mtima,
kuwonongeka kwa magazi,
kuwonongeka pakugwira ntchito kwa machitidwe ndi ziwalo chifukwa chakuchepa kwa magazi.

Mukazindikira matendawa munthawi yake ndikuyamba kulandira chithandizo, mutha kuyimitsa njirazi ndikuchepetsa zovuta za matenda ambiri. Kupanda kutero, matenda oopsa amayamba, poyamba, mtima wamtima umakhudzidwa. Matenda monga myocardial infarction, vuto la hypertensive, angina pectoris, kugunda kwa ubongo, matenda a mtima amatha kupangitsa kuchuluka kwa cholesterol yamagazi. Koma choyambirira, kuphwanya lipid metabolism kumakhala harbinger wa mtima atherosulinosis.

Mafuta ambiri "oyipa" amatha kuyikidwa pazitseko zamitsempha yamagazi, zomwe zimapangitsa minofu yosinthika kukhala yosatetezeka komanso yophweka mpaka capillaries ikuuma. Zigawo za cholesterol zimatha kupanga mu lumen ya mitsempha yamagazi m'chigawo chilichonse cha thupi. Nthawi zina zolembera zimachulukana kwambiri ndikupanga magazi, omwe angalepheretse magazi kutuluka. Nawonso, salandila michere yoyenera ndikufa.

Ngozi yayikulu ndi magazi othambalala, omwe kudzera mu mtsempha wamagazi amatha kulowa kulikonse, ngakhale mu ubongo. Kenako nthenda ya ubongo ikayamba, imatha kufa. Kuphatikiza apo, pali umboni wazomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha cholesterol yayikulu m'magazi pa kukula kwa matenda a Alzheimer's.

Momwe mungayikirere cholesterol yapamwamba?

Kuyenera kudziwidwa nthawi yomweyo kuti magawo oyamba a njirayi, nthawi zambiri, munthu samamva kusintha kulikonse. Ndizotheka kukayikira kuti kuphwanya kwa lipid kagayidwe m'thupi pokhapokha mutazindikira. Malingaliro amodzi - kuyang'anira thanzi lanu muyenera kuyezetsa magazi pafupipafupi komanso chaka chilichonse.

Mafuta ambiri a cholesterol akuti ali mwa azimayi achikulire kuchuluka kwa cholesterol yonse kumaposa 5.5 mmol / L, pomwe "yoyipayo" imaposa 4.51 mmol / L, ndipo yabwino siyosakwana 0.9, koma osapitirira 2.28 mmol / l. Kwa amuna, cholesterol chofunikira kwambiri ndi chofanana ndi cha akazi, koma cholesterol "yoyipayo" sayenera kupitirira 5 mmol / L, komanso yabwino - pansipa 1.7 mmol / L.

Komabe, pali zizindikiro zoyambirira za cholesterol yayikulu, komwe munthu samakhala ndi chidwi chake panthawi yake ndikupita kukaonana ndi dokotala. Amayamba kuwoneka pomwe zolakwika zoyambirira zamkati zimachitika. Izi zikuphatikiza ndi izi:

kusasangalala mumtima mkati mwakusangalala,
zovuta kuyenda
kuthamanga kwa magazi
nthawi zina kulankhulirana. Chizindikiro ichi chikuwonetsa kukhalapo kwa zolembera za atherosselotic m'mitsempha yam'munsi.

Chizindikiro chokhala ndi cholesterol yapamwamba ndi angina pectoris. Ululu kumbuyo kwa sternum kumawoneka mwachisangalalo, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, koma chifukwa cha kusokonezeka kwa dysmetabolic, kusokonezeka kumatha kumvekera ngakhale pakupuma. Chizindikirochi chikuwonekera chifukwa chakuchepa kwa ziwiya zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi magazi kupita ku minofu ya mtima.

Ngati mitsempha yamagazi yomwe imapereka minyewa ya miyendo ikukhudzidwa, munthu amamva kufooka komanso ngakhale kupweteka m'munsi m'munsi pakuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, masewera olimbitsa thupi, kuyenda mofulumira. Chizindikiro ichi chikuwoneka chifukwa chakuchepa kwa lumen kwa ziwiya zomwe zakhudzidwa.

Kuphatikiza apo, munthu angazindikire kuti adatopa msanga, zolimbitsa thupi zimachepa, kukumbukira kwake kudakulirakulira. Mulimonsemo, ngati zizindikiro zilizonse zoipiraipira zikuwoneka, muyenera kufunsa katswiri yemwe adzadziwe zomwe zimayambitsa mawonekedwe awo ndikuwunikira zoopsa zonse.

Zizindikiro zakunja za cholesterol yapamwamba

Lipid kusalingani si matenda odziyimira pawokha, koma chinthu chopatsa mphamvu mu mtima. Kwenikweni, imadziwonetsera ngati zisonyezo zamatenda otukuka a mtima kapena mitsempha yamagazi, koma pali zizindikiro zakunja zomwe zimawonekera kwambiri mwa akulu opitilira zaka 40-50.

Kuchuluka kwa cholesterol m'magazi kungayambitse mawonekedwe a xanthomas - mawonekedwe pakhungu, lomwe limapangidwa ndi lipids. Izi zimachitika pa chifukwa chimodzi - chimodzi mwazinthu zomwe khungu limapanga limatchedwa excretory, chifukwa chake, pakachitika zovuta za metabolic, gawo la cholesterol yotsika kwambiri limawonetsedwa pamtunda.

Xanthomas amawoneka pakhungu pafupi ndi mitsempha yamagazi, amasintha msanga ngati kuchuluka kwa cholesterol "yoyipa" m'magazi kumawonjezeranso. Mawonekedwe oterewa amatha kuwoneka mbali zosiyanasiyana za thupi, chifukwa chake, mitundu isanu ndi yodziwika bwino:

Flat. Kuwonekera pafupi ndi zikolo za khungu kumapazi ndi m'manja.
Xanthelasma - zigamba zamafuta pafupi ndi maso, zimakhala ndi utoto wonyezimira. Mtundu wodziwika bwino wa xanthoma.
Ma Tendon. Makonda pamatayala.
Wosangalatsa. Kuwoneka pakhungu la nsonga, mawondo, zala, matako.
Angapo nodular. Itha kuonekera nthawi yomweyo m'malo angapo a thupi.

Odwala okalamba (atatha zaka 50), cholesterol amana mu corular ya ocular imatha kuwonedwa. Mbali yakunja yotere imadziwika kuti lipoid arch, ndipo ndi katswiri wodziwa bwino yemwe angazindikire izi. Lipoid arc imakhala ndi imvi yopepuka, koma itha kukhala yoyera. Nthawi zambiri chizindikiro ichi ndi chizindikiro cha chibadwidwe cha matenda a dysmetabolic m'thupi.

Chizindikiro china chakunja, chomwe poyamba sichikugwirizana ndi kuchuluka kwa mafuta m'thupi, ndi imvi zoyambirira. Imvi imayamba chifukwa cha atherosulinosis ya follicle capillaries ya tsitsi.

Koma simuyenera kuyembekezera zizindikiro zoyambirira za hypercholesterolemia, chifukwa mawonekedwe ake amatanthauza zovuta kwambiri, nthawi zina kusintha kosasintha m'thupi, kumafunikira chithandizo chamankhwala. Muyenera kudziyesa nokha chaka chilichonse, makamaka ngati pali kutengera kwa chibadwa cha matenda a dysmetabolic. Ndizofunikira kudziwa kuti mwa amayi ndi abambo owonjezera "oyipa" cholesterol amatha kuwonekera ndi mawonekedwe ake.

Zolemba mwa akazi

Chizindikiro choyamba cha kusagwirizana kwa lipid mu thupi la mkazi ndi gawo lalikulu la masentimita 88. Ndi m'dera lino momwe cholesterol yoyipa imasungidwa. Kwa azimayi oterera, mutha kuyesanso, komwe kungakhale kotsimikiza ngati zotsatira zoyipa "zapezeka. Muyenera kuyeza kuzungulira kwa chiuno ndi m'chiuno, kenako werengani kuchuluka pakati pawo. Ngati chiwerengerochi chikuposa 0.8, ndiye kuti ndi bwino kupereka magazi kuti mupeze kuchuluka kwa cholesterol. Izi ndichifukwa choti azimayi onenepa, chifukwa cha zina zakuthupi, kagayidwe ndi kagawidwe kwamafuta m'thupi ndi kovuta.

Kuphatikiza apo, ndikofunikira kulabadira kutuluka kwa msambo. Ngati ali ochulukirapo ndipo nthawi zambiri amatha kutsata kupezeka kwa iwo, ndikoyenera kukaonana ndi dokotala wazamankhwala, onjezani mayeso ofunikira ndikupeza mtundu wa chizindikiro.

Amayi amatha kuvutika ndi mitsempha ya varicose yokhala m'munsi. Pachifukwa ichi, ayenera kuyang'anitsitsa momwe miyendo ili. Zizindikiro zosasonyezera kulephera kwa kagayidwe ka lipid mu thupi kumatha kutupa kwamiyendo, thrombosis ndi thrombophlebitis.

Zolemba mwa amuna

Nthawi zambiri, mwa abambo, hypercholesterolemia imawonetsedwa ndi kupweteka kumbuyo kwa sternum ndi kupezeka kwa kupweteka kwapakhosi kumapeto pang'ono mukamachita masewera olimbitsa thupi kapena kulimbikira komwe kumafuna kulimbikira. Amuna nthawi zambiri amakumana ndi imvi zoyambirira, chifukwa chake musanyalanyaze upangiri wa akatswiri pankhaniyi, chifukwa zifukwa zake zimakhala zazikulu kwambiri.

Mwa abambo omwe ali ndi kachulukidwe kochepa kwambiri ka lipoprotein cholesterol m'magazi awo, kuchepa kwa potency kumatha kuchitika. Chizindikiro chosasangalatsa chotere chimachitika chifukwa cha mawonekedwe a zolembera zomwe zimathandizira m'dera la m'chiuno komanso mboloyo. Popita nthawi, zombo zimasokonekera, makoma awo amakulimba, komanso mapangidwe a atherosrance. Zonsezi zimakhudza magazi kupita ku inguinal zone, kotero erection panthawi yogonana siyikhala yolimba ngati kale.

Kuchepetsa kwa Erectile kumathanso kuchitika ndi kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha yam'munsi yam'mphepete mwa mitsempha ya varicose, pomwe thrombophlebitis ndi mwendo wamsempha wamitsempha umayamba chifukwa cha cholesterol yayikulu. Izi zimakhudzana ndikuchepa kwa kayendedwe ka magazi kupita kumalo komwe kuli chifukwa chake amuna amakhala ndi mavuto.

Zisonyezero za ldl ndi hdl mukuyesa kwamwazi wamagazi

Kwa zaka zambiri osavutika ndi CHOLESTEROL?

Mutu wa Bungwe: “Mudzadabwa momwe zimakhalira zosavuta kuchepetsa mafuta m'thupi mwakumwa tsiku lililonse.

Kusanthula kodziwika kotere kwa zamankhwala ngati kuyezetsa kwamwazi wamagazi kumapangitsa kuti timvetsetse momwe ziwalo zamkati zimagwirira ntchito komanso matenda omwe amapezeka m'thupi. Mwachitsanzo, mulingo wa cholesterol (chol) mu kusanthula unganene zambiri za momwe mungathere ma pathologies.

Mitundu ya Cholesterol

Cholesterol ndi mowa wamafuta, ndiye maziko a mapangidwe am'mimba, maselo achikazi ndi amuna. Kuchuluka kwa zinthu izi (80%) zimapangidwa ndi chiwindi, zina zonse zimalowa m'thupi kuchokera kuzakudya zomwe zidadyedwa. Cholesterol chochepa chokwanira kuti thupi lizigwira ntchito. Kuchuluka kwake kumakhala ndi zoopsa: zimayambitsa ziwengo ndi magazi m'mitsempha yomwe imawopseza matenda a mtima ndi mtima.

Owerenga athu adagwiritsa ntchito bwino Aterol kutsitsa cholesterol. Kuwona kutchuka kwa malonda, tidaganiza zoperekera chidwi chanu.

Chophatikiza kwathunthu (chonse) chimakhala ndi tizigawo ting'onoting'ono, mkhalidwe wodwala umadalira kuchuluka kwake. Chifukwa chake, ndi cholingana ndi kuchuluka kwathunthu, munthu m'modzi akhoza kukhala wathanzi kwathunthu, ndipo winayo (kukhala ndi cholesterol yoyipa kwambiri m'magazi) akhoza kukhala pachiwopsezo cha matenda a mtima.

Pakuwunika kwamwazi wamagazi amitundu iwiri, chizolowezi cha cholesterol sichidapitirira 5.2 mmol / L. Komabe, ichi ndi chiwonetsero chofunikira kwambiri chomwe sichimakhala ndi chidziwitso chatsatanetsatane. Kulemba kokha chol molingana ndi tizigawo komanso zikhalidwe zawo ndi zomwe zimapereka lingaliro la thanzi la munthu.

Lipoproteins

Kutumiza kwamafuta chifukwa cholephera kusunthira mu sing'anga yamadzimadzi kumachitika ndi lipoproteins (LPs) - zinthu zovuta zokhala ndi lipid pachimake ndi chipolopolo chokhala ndi mafuta ndi mapuloteni.

Cholinga cha lipoproteins sichingokhala ndi kusamutsira kwa lipids mthupi: mankhwalawa ndi maziko a masanjidwe atatu am'mimba (membranes) ndikuchita nawo zofunikira za selo. Kuti muwone zamomwe zam'magazi pa cholesterol, lipoprotein yotsika komanso yayikulu ndikofunikira.

LDL (LDL) - lipoproteins wotsika kwambiri, gwero la cholesterol yoyipa. Chomwe chimagwiritsidwanso ntchito kutanthauza LDL ndi cholankhula chachingelezi chol ldl Direct, chomwe chimamasulira kuti "cholunjika cha LDL cholesterol."

Cholesterol cha LDL ndicho chonyamula chachikulu chomwe chimabweretsa cholesterol mosalamulirika m'thupi. Ndi chol chochulukirapo, zolembera zimamanga pazitseko zamitsempha yamagazi, zomwe zimasokoneza magazi, kuphatikiza ziwalo zikuluzikulu (mtima ndi ubongo), ndipo zimatha kuyambitsa matenda a mtima kapena stroko. Kuphatikiza apo, kuchuluka kwakukulu kwa LDL - kachigawo kakang'ono kolesterol kakuwonetsa atherosulinosis, matenda a pancreatic.

"Kubisala" kwa LDL sikumatha pamenepo: kukula kwa matenda owopsa sikudalira pamlingo wa lipoprotein m'mwazi, komanso kukula kwake. LDL yaying'ono komanso yaying'ono (onena za phenotype B) pazomwe zili mkati mwazomwe zimatha kubweretsa chiwopsezo cha matenda a mtima.

Mtengo wabwinobwino wa LDL pakuwunika kwa biochemical ndi 1,3-3,5 mmol / L. Kutengera jenda ndi zaka, zomwe zasinthazo zimasintha pang'ono, monga momwe zimawonedwera pamatafura.

Pali maopoproteins ochepera kwambiri (VLDL), omwe si mtundu wa cholesterol, koma amawonetsa mkhalidwe waumoyo wa wodwalayo pakuwunikira.

Ntchito ya VLDL ndikupereka triglycerides (mafuta osalowerera, ma triglicerides, TG), opangidwa mkati mwa thupi, kuyambira pachiwindi kupita kumafuta amafuta. Ma TG ndi lipids omwe amapangidwa osati m'chiwindi, komanso amachokera kunja ndi chakudya. Cholinga chawo ndi kudzikundikira kwamafuta osungirako mphamvu zamagetsi.

Triglycerides mu biochemical kusanthula kwa magazi imayikidwa mu mzere wosiyana, ndikuyang'ana pazotsatira za 1.7-2.2 mmol / L.

Zotsatira za hydrolysis reaction, VLDL imasinthidwa kukhala LDL. Zomwe zili mu lipoproteins zokhala otsika kwambiri zimawerengedwa ngati chisonyezo cha 0.13-1.0 mmol / l.

Ngati phindu la VLDL likupatuka pachizolowezi (kuchuluka kapena kuchepa), ndiye ichi ndichizindikiro chotsutsana ndi lipid metabolism, yomwe imayendera limodzi ndi matenda amtima komanso endocrine yamisala yosiyanasiyana.

HDL - lipoproteins yapamwamba kwambiri, kapena mwachidule: cholesterol yabwino. Amawerengedwa ngati gawo la cholesterol ya HDL poyesa magazi. HDL imakhala ndi cholowa chochepa kwambiri ndipo imagwira ntchito yomwe imapindulitsa thupi: amawongolera cholesterol ya LDL yowonjezera pachiwindi, komwe amasinthidwa kukhala bile acids.

Ngati kachigawo kakang'ono ka HDL-cholesterol kakwezedwa m'matumbo, ndiye kuti izi zikusonyeza za kunenepa kwambiri, ndipo koposa zonse - zokhudzana ndi zovuta zake zokhudzana ndi matenda pafupifupi dongosolo lililonse lofunikira la thupi. Mtengo wotsika wa HDL umchenjeza mwiniwake za zovuta ndi chiwindi, impso, kagayidwe, kukakamiza.

Pali dzina lotchedwa non hdl cholesterol, lomwe limamasulira kuti "HDL yopanda cholesterol," kutanthauza cholesterol yoyipa.

Muyezo wa HDL-cholesterol umatengedwa kuti ndi mtengo wa 0.8-2.2 mmol / l, womwe umasinthidwa ndi adotolo pazokhudza kugonana ndi zaka, zomwe zimasonyezedwanso momveka bwino m'matafura omwe ali pamwambapa. Mtheradi weniweni wa HDL m'magazi mwa amuna amatengedwa ngati 0.7-1.73 mmol / l, mwa akazi - 0.86-2.2 mmol / l.

Komabe, HDL ndi chizindikiro chokhacho cha thanzi, chomwe chikuyenera kuganiziridwa poyerekeza ndi cholesterol yathunthu ndi LDL. Pazomwezi, pali coheroffequi ya atherogenic (CA), yomwe imawerengeredwa malinga ndi kusanthula kwa magazi kwamomwe magazi malinga ndi formula: CA = (chonse cholesterol - HDL) / HDL.

Zifukwa zopatuka ku chizolowezi

Choyambitsa chomwe chimapangitsa LDL yokwezeka kwambiri imawonedwa ngati chakudya chopanda thanzi komanso mafuta ochulukirapo a nyama, shuga ndi mchere. Kuphatikiza apo, pali matenda ambiri omwe amayambitsa kukula kwa cholesterol yoyipa. Mitu ikuluikulu ndi:

cholestasis (kuchepa kwa kuchuluka kwa bile komwe kumalowa mu duodenum chifukwa cha kusokonekera kaphatikizidwe kapena ntchito yoleka),
mavuto a impso, pomwe kagayidwe kamasokonezedwa,
matenda a chithokomiro, omwe amatsogolera kusokoneza ziwalo ndi machitidwe,
shuga mellitus (vuto la mahomoni),
uchidakwa (umakhudza mtundu wa chiwindi)
kunenepa kwambiri (pali chiopsezo chachikulu cha matenda amtima),
cholowa, chomwe nthawi zambiri chimawonetsedwa ndi mawanga achikaso pakhungu,
thrombosis ndimatenda omwe amapanga magazi kuundana makamaka m'mitsempha yamagazi.

Mtengo wotsika wa LDL ukuwonetsa:

kuphwanya kayendedwe ka ziwalo zamkati (chiwindi, impso, matumbo a adrenal, matumbo)
hypothyroidism (kupanga kwambiri mahomoni a chithokomiro),
kuwonekera kwa maselo a khansa m'chigawo chapakati cha kapangidwe ka magazi - mawonekedwe ofiira a fupa kapena chithokomiro
matenda opatsirana pachimake
zotupa
kusowa kwa vitamini B12,
matenda a kupuma,
cholowa.

HDL (gawo la cholesterol la HDL) lokhala ndi mtengo wowonjezereka limafotokoza za kutetezedwa kwa thupi lathanzi kuti lisasakanizike ndi matenda a atherosulinosis ndi matenda ena oopsa a mtima.Ngati chiwonjezerochi chikufunika, ndiye kuti chikuchenjeza za vuto la chibadwa, uchidakwa, mavuto a chiwindi kapena chithokomiro. Kuwonjezeka kwa HDL kumatha kuchitika chifukwa cha insulin ndi cortisone.

Zomwe zimayambitsa kutsika kwa HDL ndi matenda a shuga, mtundu IV hyperlipoproteinemia (kuphwanya kwa kagayidwe ka triglycerides kamene kamayikidwa m'chiwindi), matenda a impso ndi chiwindi, komanso matenda opatsirana pachimake.

Ngati tizingolankhula za cholesterol yathunthu (chizindikiro chofunikira kwambiri), ndiye kuti kuwonjezeka kwake kungaganizidwe ngati kunyalanyaza zakudya zoyenera, kusakwanitsa kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, kusuta fodya, kudziwikiratu chibadwa, kunenepa kwambiri, kupsinjika nthawi zonse. Komanso kuwonjezeka kwa cholesterol yathunthu kumalumikizidwa ndi kuchuluka kwa zaka, zomwe zimawonetsedwa bwino pama tebulo (onani pamwambapa).

Cholesterol yotsika mtengo imatha kukudziwitsani mosiyanasiyana zakudya zamagulu ambiri, shuga ndi mafuta ochepa m'thupi la chakudya, mayamwidwe abwino a chakudya, kusagwira bwino kwa chiwindi ndi chithokomiro cha chithokomiro, kupsinjika mosalekeza, kuchepa magazi.

Ndani ayenera kutenga mayeso a cholesterol

Kuyesedwa kwa biochemical kumalimbikitsidwa kwa anthu otsatirawa:

Ana opitirira zaka ziwiri ali ndi makolo olowa nawo LDL yowonjezereka,
Amuna oyambira zaka 20 mpaka 35 (zaka zisanu zilizonse),
azimayi omwe ali m'gulu la zaka 20-45 (nthawi 1 m'mazaka 5),
odwala omwe amayesedwa kuti ayesedwe pa chithandizo.

Kuchepetsa kachigawo kovulaza kwa LDL - cholesterol, dokotala amapangira mankhwala zakudya ngati njira yosavuta komanso yothandiza kwambiri. Zogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi izi: Mafuta a masamba (mpendadzuwa, maolivi, nguluwe, chinangwa, chimanga), nyama yamafuta ochepa ndi mazira (mulitali), masamba (popanda malamulo), nkhuku zopanda khungu, chimanga, nsomba, mkaka wopanda mafuta, adyo, mtedza ngati kuphatikiza ndi mbale (pistachios, ma almond, walnuts), nyemba, maapulo ophika, zipatso zina, zipatso za zipatso.

Ndikofunikira kupatula zakudya zomwe zimakhala ndi mafuta a nyama, zakudya zamzitini, mafuta akunja (mwachitsanzo, kanjedza), chakudya chofulumira (agalu otentha, ma hamburger, shawarma, tchipisi, ma donuts, chokoleti, zakumwa za kaboni), maswiti, makeke, ayisikilimu.

Pamodzi ndi kukonza zakudya muzisiye zizolowezi zoipa: fodya ndi kugona pakama. Kuthamanga, kusambira, kuyenda, masewera olimbitsa thupi (aerobics, kuwumba, Pilates) kulimbitsa thanzi ndikuwonjezera cholesterol yathanzi.

Panthawi zovuta, kusintha kwa zakudya ndi moyo sizikuthandizani, dokotala amamulembera mankhwala okhala ndi ma statins, michere, ndi nicotinic acid. Mankhwala amasankhidwa mosiyanasiyana payekha, ndikamadzipatsa nokha mankhwala omwewo angayambitse kuvulaza thanzi lanu.

Ngati cholesterol ya HDL yachepetsedwa, zakudya zomwe zimakhala ndi mafuta a omega-3 acids ziyenera kuphatikizidwa muzakudya: batala ndi mafuta a azitona, nsomba zam'nyanja, walnuts, offal (chiwindi, impso, ubongo), tchizi cholimba, masamba, zipatso, zipatso za zipatso, zipatso. Kuchulukitsa cholesterol yabwino kumathandizanso kupatula kusuta fodya komanso mowa. Endocrinologist amasankha zakudya zowonjezera ndi mankhwala ndi mavitamini zochokera pazotsatira zatsatanetsatane za kuyesa kwamwazi wamagazi.

Powongolera cholesterol cha LDL ndi HDL, mutha kupewa zovuta za zovuta komanso zowopsa ndikuwongolera thanzi lanu.

Cholesterol okwera: zimayambitsa, Zizindikiro, chithandizo

Cholesterol: zikhulupiriro komanso zenizeni
Chifukwa chiyani timafunikira cholesterol
Zifukwa zakukula kwa cholesterol "yoyipa" - ndani ali pachiwopsezo?
Mafuta a cholesterol m'mwazi
Zizindikiro za High Cholesterol
Kodi chiwopsezo cha cholesterol yayikulu ndi chiyani?
Malamulo 10 osavuta osungira cholesterol yabwinobwino
Kuchepetsa Mankhwala Cholesterol
Cholesterol ndi pakati
Zithandizo za anthu

Pafupifupi kotala la anthu aku Russia ndi onenepa kwambiri. Anthu opitilira 18 miliyoni padziko lonse lapansi amafa ndi matenda amtima. Anthu osachepera 2 miliyoni ali ndi matenda ashuga. Chochititsa chachikulu cha matenda onsewa ndi cholesterol yayikulu, yomwe imakhudza anthu pafupifupi miliyoni miliyoni padziko lapansi.

Ku Russia, USA, Canada, ndi Australia, oposa 60% aanthu akukumana ndi izi. Vutoli limatchedwa kuti "tsoka ladziko", koma, mwatsoka, si aliyense amene amaliganizira mozama. Kodi mungapewe bwanji vuto la mtima?

Owerenga athu adagwiritsa ntchito bwino Aterol kutsitsa cholesterol. Kuwona kutchuka kwa malonda, tidaganiza zoperekera chidwi chanu.

Cholesterol: zikhulupiriro komanso zenizeni

Anthu ambiri osamudziwa amaganiza kuti mafuta amtunduwu ndi mafuta, koma madokotala amati cholesterol ndi mowa wachilengedwe. Mu mawonekedwe achisanu, amawoneka ngati makhiristo amchere. A mafuta osungunuka amachokera ku organic amadziunjikira mu ma cell a ziwalo ndi machitidwe.

Thupi limafunikiradi cholesterol, chifukwa nembanemba ya maselo athu imakhala ndi iyo. Chifukwa chake, mosasamala zomwe timadya, thupi limatulutsa ndikugawa lokha kuti lipange maselo atsopano, kubwezeretsa umunthu wakale.

Cholinga chachikulu cha mankhwala a cholesterol ndiku kudzipatula kwa minyewa yam'mitsempha komanso kuteteza khungu. Cholesterol imalimbikitsa kupanga mahomoni a grenads ndi gonads. Amapanga 80% ya zinthu zomwezo, gawo lotsala limalowa m'thupi ndi zinthu zomwe timatha.

Pali mitundu iwiri ya cholesterol, m'moyo watsiku ndi tsiku amatchedwa "zabwino" komanso "zoyipa." Thupi lokha ndilopanda pake, lili ndi mbali zosafunikira.

Ndipo phindu la chinthu limatengera cholesterol yomwe amatengedwera, zinthu zomwe amatola, zomwe lipoprotein imalumikizana nayo. Ziwalo zake zimakhala ndi pafupifupi 200 g, makamaka m'mitsempha yamaubongo ndi ubongo.

Mtundu woyamba umayimiriridwa ndi ma lipoprotein apamwamba kwambiri omwe amalepheretsa kuipitsidwa kwa mitsempha yamagazi ndi ma extraneous ambiri. "Ndi cholesterol yoyipa" amatanthauza lipoprotein yotsika kwambiri yomwe imatha kukhazikika m'magazi ndikuyambitsa mavuto azaumoyo.

Palinso mitundu yambiri ya otsika kwambiri a lipoprotein. Kwezani cholesterol yoyipa m'magazi, zikutanthauza chiyani? Chikapangidwacho, chikhazikikacho sichimasowa kwina kulikonse kuchokera m'thupi. Kuika magazi m'mitsempha, kumathandiza kuti magazi ndi mpweya zizipezeka mkati.

Pang'onopang'ono, lumen ya ziwiya zimachepetsedwa, atherosulinosis imapezeka kawirikawiri ali aang'ono.

Kuopseza moyo ndi zolengeza zomwe zimasandulika kukhala kashiamu ndikutchingira kama wamkati ndi 75%. Kholesteroli yokhayo "yoyipa" yokha ndiyomwe imayambitsa mavuto awa, ngakhale kuti katundu wake nthawi zambiri amadziwika ndi cholesterol yonse.

Chifukwa chiyani timafunikira cholesterol

Ngati cholesterol ili mkati moyenera, imakhudza thupi mokwanira. Kuphatikiza pakupanga membrane wa khungu yemwe amawateteza ku malo ankhanza, amagwiranso ntchito zina zambiri:

Imachita gawo la zosefera zomwe zimazindikira mamolekyulu omwe amayenera kupititsidwa mu cell, ndi iwo omwe mwayi wawo uziletsedwa,
Imawongolera kuchuluka kwa kabati,
Amakhala ngati chowonjezera pakapangidwe ka bile acid,
Imathandizira kusakanikirana mothandizidwa ndi mphamvu ya dzuwa D, yofunika kwambiri pakhungu.
Mulingo wake wokwanira umasintha kagayidwe, kuphatikiza mavitamini osungunuka a mafuta,
Monga gawo la myelin sheath, imaphimba malekezero a mitsempha,
Imachepetsa mphamvu ya mahomoni (monga gawo la testosterone - 50% cholesterol),
Zoyenera kupulumutsa
Chimateteza maselo ofiira m'magazi aukali wa hemolytic,
Imathandizira chiwindi kupanga mafuta achilengedwe ofunikira pokonza mafuta,
Amayendetsa ma serotonin receptors omwe amathetsa kukhumudwa.

Zifukwa zakukula kwa cholesterol "yoyipa" - ndani ali pachiwopsezo?

Njira yofunika kwambiri yopezera cholesterol yochulukirapo ndi chakudya chopanda malire, pamene mafuta ochulukirapo (margarine (kufalitsa), mayonesi, batala, nyama yamafuta, nkhanu, shrimp, katundu wophika ndi batala, mankhwala opaka mafuta amkaka kwambiri) umalowa m'thupi.

Mwa njira, kuchuluka kwa cholesterol m'm mafuta anyama kwambiri kuposa mafuta. Malinga ndi miyambo ya akatswiri azakudya, 1 g yamafuta patsiku iyenera kudyedwa pa 1 kg ya kulemera kwa thupi.

Amayambitsa kuwonjezeka kwa cholesterol "yoyipa":

Kuledzera ndikumwa fodya, zotsatira zoyipa ku chiwindi, komwe mafuta a cholesterol amapangidwa.
Matenda a mtima mu mawonekedwe a vuto la mtima ndi angina pectoris,
Matenda a shuga - kuchuluka kwa glucose m'magazi ndizowonjezera zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale cholesterol "yoyipa",
Kulephera kwina
Extrahepatic jaundice,
Hepatitis ndi matenda amitsempha
Mimba
Kukula kwa mahomoni,
Kugwiritsa ntchito osagwirizana ndi gulu la mankhwalawa - kumakhumudwitsa kuchuluka kwa kagayidwe,
Zinthu zopsinjika pafupipafupi - zimakulitsa kapangidwe ka hormone cortisol m'magazi, kamene kamawononga minofu ya m'maproteni ndikuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi,
Kunenepa kwambiri.

Pangozi ndi amuna omwe ali ndi mimba yayikulu. Mafuta amaphimba ziwalo zamkati, kusokoneza ntchito yawo, kumawonjezera kukakamiza kwamkati, kumawononga ntchito ya chiwindi, chomwe chimapanga mafuta m'thupi. Amayi amiseche omwe achepetsa kubereka komanso kaphatikizidwe ka mahomoni ogonana achikazi nawonso ali pamndandanda uwu.

Pangozi komanso okonda zakudya zamafuta ochepa. Kodi ndichifukwa chiyani cholesterol ikufunika kuti muchepetse thupi, ndipo chifukwa chiyani ibwere ndi chakudya? 20% ya cholesterol yoyika ikapanda kupatsidwa chakudya, thupi limayamba kudzipangira.

Akaidi aku ndende zozunzirako amakhala ndi cholesterol yambiri m'magazi. Kuphatikiza pa mkhalidwe wopsinjika, choyambitsa chinali kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi ndi kuperewera kwamafuta m'zakudya.

Zina zimathandizanso kupanga cholesterol yapamwamba: mankhwala a mahomoni, njira zakulera za pakamwa, okodzetsa ndi β-blockers. Ukalamba udzakhalanso chinthu choopsa, chifukwa pakapita nthawi chizolowezi chomanga thupi chimakhala chovuta.

Amakhulupirira kuti mwa azimayi omwe ali ndi zaka makumi asanu ndi zisanu komanso amuna akulu kuposa makumi atatu ndi zisanu, cholesterol imakonda kukwezedwa. Zoyenera kuchita Onerani kanemayo: Katswiri wa malingaliro pazomwe zingachitike kuti achulukitse cholesterol komanso njira zodzitetezera.

Njira zakuchizira ndi kupewa

Ngati pali zizindikiro za hypercholesterolemia, choyambirira muyenera kufunsa dokotala ndikupereka mayeso onse ofunikira ndikuwunika mayeso omwe angakuthandizeni kutsimikizira mtundu wa matenda ndi kukhazikitsa chomwe chinawupangitsa. Palibe chifukwa chomwe mungafufuzire nokha pawokha maphikidwe a mankhwala achikhalidwe ndikuyesa nokha. Chithandizo chilichonse chiyenera kuvomerezedwa ndi dokotala.

Chinthu chachiwiri chomwe chimafunikira kwa munthu yemwe ali ndi cholesterol yambiri "yoyipa" m'magazi ndikusintha kwa moyo. Chachikulu ndikutsatira malamulo ena opatsa zakudya: kukana zakudya zamafuta ambiri, makamaka zomwe zimakhala ndi mafuta ambiri a cholesterol ndi trans. Pazakudya, ndikofunikira kupereka zokonda pazinthu zokhala ndi index yotsika ya glycemic - ichi ndiye maziko osunga thanzi la odwala.

Ndikofunika kuyamba kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, omwe adotolo angalimbikitsenso, poganizira zomwe zimachitika mthupi ndi matenda omwe alipo kale. Naturalization kulemera ndi gawo limodzi lofunika la mankhwala.

Mu matenda a lipids yamagazi, malo ofunika amatengedwa ndi mankhwala. Ambiri mwa odwala amadziwika kuti ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo monga mankhwala enieni, koma ali ndi zotsutsana zambiri, motero amatha kusintha mankhwala ena. Statin imalepheretsa kupangika kwa cholesterol ndi maselo a chiwindi, motero, ndi othandiza kwambiri kuteteza matenda a lipid metabolism.

Monga gawo la zovuta mankhwala, mankhwala otsatirawa akhoza kulembedwa:

kukonzekera kwa nikotini acid. Amathandizira kukulitsa cholesterol yabwino "m'magazi, chifukwa chomwe metabolism yamafuta imakhala yofanana,
othandizira amadzimadzi a bile amachepetsa zotulukazo zamafuta ndi zomwe zimachokera m'thupi,
zotumphukira za fibric acid zimathandizira kusuntha mafuta ku chiwindi.

Ngati kuchuluka kwa mafuta m'thupi kumayambitsa matenda ena, wodwalayo ayenera kulandira chithandizo chodwala.

Ndikofunika kumvetsetsa kuti mankhwalawa onse ndi mitundu yothandizira odwala imasankhidwa ndi adokotala okha, kutengera mawonekedwe amthupi ndi nthawi ya matendawa. Simungathe kuyamba nokha kuchitira nokha kapena kukhala ndi zowonjezera zowonjezera pazakudya, kuzindikira zizindikiro za hypercholesterolemia. Ngakhale mankhwalawa ali ndi zotsutsana zawo.

Ntchito ya cholesterol mthupi

Mwa kapangidwe ka mankhwala, cholesterol ndi mowa wa hydrophobic. Amasungunuka m'madzi, ndipo chifukwa cha lipophilicity amatha kulowa mkati mwa cell membrane.

Ambiri mwa cholesterol amapangidwa moyenerera m'thupi, gawo laling'ono - limabwera ndi chakudya.

Lipid imanyamulidwa m'magazi pogwiritsa ntchito mapuloteni onyamula. Amatha kugwira mamolekyu a cholesterol ndikuwanyamula kupita komwe akupita. Kutengera kuchuluka kwa mamolekyulu a cholesterol, ma protein a lipid-protein amagawidwa m'mitundu iyi:

otsika osalimba lipoproteins (LDL) ndi kachulukidwe kotsika kwambiri (VLDL) yodziwika ndi atherogenic zotsatira,
okwera komanso okwera kwambiri a lipoproteins (HDL, HDL), m'malo mwake, amatha kuyeretsa magazi a chylomicrons zovulaza.

Mitundu yoyendera iyi ili ndi malire okhazikika a seramu. Kusagwirizana kwa chiwerengero chawo kumatha kuyambitsa matenda a systemic.

Ntchito zofunika za cholesterol m'thupi zimaphatikizapo:

Kuwonetsetsa kapangidwe ka chipupa cha khungu ndikusintha kwowonjezeranso kuchuluka kwake.
Kutenga nawo mbali mayamwidwe a cholecalceferol.
Kutenga nawo gawo kapangidwe ka mahomoni a steroid a ma adrenal glands ndi mahomoni ogonana (androgen, testosterone, estrogen). Ndi kuchepa kwa cholesterol, mavuto okhala ndi uchembele ndi ubereka mwa akazi ndi potency mwa abambo amakula.
Kutenga mbali mu kapangidwe ka bile.
Kutenga gawo pakuphatikizidwa kwa neural kulumikizana komanso ma nerve synapses.

Kupatuka kwa cholesterol ndi milingo ya lipoprotein ndi chizindikiro cha kufooka kwa lipid metabolism. Kuchuluka kwa mafuta m'thupi kwa nthawi yayitali kumabweretsa chitukuko cha atherosulinosis m'ziwonetsero zake zonse zamankhwala.

Zotsatira zoyipa za cholesterol m'thupi

Malinga ndi ziwerengero zapadziko lonse lapansi, choyambitsa chachikulu cha imfa ndi matenda amtima. Atherosulinosis imakhala ndi gawo lalikulu pakati pa matenda onse a mtima ndi mtsempha wamagazi.

Lipoproteins ndi mamolekyulu a cholesterol yaulere amatha kuyikika pamakoma a endothelium ndikupanga cholesterol plaques.

Atherosulinosis imayamba pamene mbanda zimakhazikika pakhoma la mtima, zomwe patapita kanthawi zimayamba kuchuluka ndikuwonjeza mchere wa calcium.

Pali stenosis ya chotengera, kuchepa kwa elasticity, komwe kumapangitsa kusakwanira kwa trophic magazi.

Pali mitundu iwiri ya atherosulinosis: chapakati komanso cham'mbali. Ndi chapakati, mitsempha yam'mimba imakhudzidwa ndi njira ya pathological, ndipo ndi njira yopumira, mitsempha yonse yamkati ya thupi.

Ndi mawonekedwe apakati, nthawi zambiri pamakhala kuphwanya kwamtundu wamagazi wamatenda, chifukwa chake pamakhala kuvulala kwamphamvu kwa coronary.

Ngati umphumphu wa zolembera zamtundu wa atherosselotic ukaphwanyidwa, dongosolo la coagulation limayamba. Kusintha kwatsatanetsatane kumayambitsidwa komwe kumayambitsa kupangidwa kwa magazi. Ngati thrombus yayikulu ikwaniritsidwa, thrombus imatha kuchoka ndipo thromboembolism imatha kuchitika.

Popeza khoma la chotengera limadulidwamo, kupindika ndi zolakwika zamitsempha ndi zotupa zimakonda kupezeka nthawi ya atherosulinosis.

Zizindikiro za metabolism yamafuta

Mphamvu ya cholesterol m'thupi imatheka chifukwa chongochulukitsa kuchuluka kwake koyenera m'magazi. Kuphwanya kofananako kumachitika ndi kuwonongeka kwa metabolic. Nthawi zambiri pamachitika kusintha kotereku komwe sikunakhudzidwe ndi thanzi la munthu.

Kusintha kwa cholesterol yoyenera kumachitika chifukwa chophwanya mafuta a metabolism. Mwambiri, ziwerengero za cholesterol izi zimawonetsa atherosulinosis. Koma nthawi zambiri pamakhala kuchuluka kwa cholesterol komwe kumachitika ndi zotsatirazi:

matenda a chiwindi, mwachitsanzo, hepatosis yamafuta, hepatitis yamavuto osiyanasiyana, hepatic carcinoma, etc.,
matenda a impso, purine ndi kwamikodzo dongosolo kagayidwe: aimpso kulephera, amyloidosis a impso, gout,
Matenda a kapamba: kapamba, chotupa, chifuwa chachikulu,
kagayidwe kachakudya matenda: shuga,
chithokomiro chachepa,
onenepa kwambiri komanso kunenepa kwambiri chifukwa chakuwonongeka kwakanthawi kwa malo okumbira mafuta.

Zizindikiro zoyambirira za atherosulinosis zimayamba chifukwa cha stenosis yamitsempha yamagazi pakukula kwa zolembedwa zam'magazi, komanso kutsekeka kwa magazi m'm ziwalo ndi ziwalo.

Zizindikiro zazikulu zikuphatikiza:

Matenda a mtima. Makamaka, matenda a mtima a coronary nthawi zambiri amawonetsedwa ndi angina pectoris. Matendawa amakula motsutsana ndi maziko a ziwongo zamatumbo zamatumbo zosinthika. Zizindikiro zake ndi kupweteka kwakanthawi kochepa m'chifuwa kumbuyo kwa sternum poyankha kupsinjika kwamthupi kapena m'malingaliro. Kuukira kumachotsedwa mothandizidwa ndi nitroglycerin.
Kupuma pang'ono komanso chizindikiro cha matenda a mtima.
Kuphwanya miyendo ya mtima.
Cyanosis ya zotumphukira madera a thupi ndi acrocyanosis.
Kutupa.
Ululu m'miyendo mukamayenda, zomwe zimayambitsidwa ndi kufalikira kwa endarteritis.
Kuphwanya ntchito za abale: chidwi, kukumbukira, malankhulidwe, ndi zina zambiri. Ntchito ya CNS imakulirakulira chifukwa cha kuwonongeka m'mitsempha ya chithokomiro, matenda oopsa a muubongo amakula, maselo amafa. Pamapeto pake, dementia wa mtima wopangidwa amapangidwa.

Kuphatikiza apo, mapangidwe a xanthomas ndi xanthelasm (kudzikundikira kwa ma lipid misa pansi pa khungu) ndi chizindikiro cha kusokonezeka kwa lipid metabolism.

Chithandizo cha zamankhwala cholesterol

Msika wama pharmacological umapereka mankhwala ambiri omwe amakhudza kuchuluka kwa lipids. Mankhwala osokoneza bongo amayikidwa pakadalibe zotsatira za njira zopanda mankhwala.

Pokhapokha popewa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo, magulu otsatirawa a mankhwalawa amaperekedwa:

Statins, limagwirira zake ntchito kuti kupondereza kaphatikizidwe wa cholesterol mu hepatocytes poletsa enieni michere. Muyenera kuwatenga kamodzi patsiku, madzulo. Kuyankha kwakukulu kwa labotale kumawonedwa pakatha milungu ingapo kuchokera poyambira mankhwalawa. Imakhala ndi mavuto osiyanasiyana: nseru, kusanza, kupweteka kwa epigastric, myalgia. Statin amachepetsa cholesterol ndi theka. Kutalika kwa mankhwala a statin kumafuna kuwunika ma enzymes a chiwindi kamodzi pa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi. Oimira gulu lino ndi atorvastatin, rosuvastatin, etc.
Fibates. Gulu la mankhwalawa lili ndi njira yosiyaniranasiyana. Chizindikiro chakugwiritsa ntchito kwawo sichingowonjezera cholesterol, komanso kukula kwa triglycerides. Amatha kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa antiatherogenic lipoproteins mu seramu yamagazi. Gwiritsani ntchito limodzi ndi gulu la ma statins ndikoletsedwa. Akaphatikizidwa, zimakhudza m'mimba, zimapangitsa kusanza kwambiri, kutsegula m'mimba, komanso kupweteka. Muzochita zapakhomo, clofibrate, fenofibrate ndi gemfibrozil amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuchokera pagulu la fibrate.
Otsatira a bile acid. Ubwino wa gululi la mankhwalawa ndikuchepa kwa kuyambiranso kwa kayendedwe kazinthu. Zinthu izi zimatha kulumikizana ndi bile acid, ndikugwira mamolekyulu a cholesterol. Mu chiwindi, bile synthesis imayendetsedwa, yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito cholesterol yambiri. Zotsatira zochizira zimachitika patatha mwezi umodzi kuyambira chiyambi cha mankhwala. Kuphatikiza ndi mankhwala ena ndizotheka. Sizikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa kwa nthawi yayitali, chifukwa cha kuphwanya kwa lipid metabolism. Woimira wodziwika bwino wa gululi ndi cholestyramine.
Cholesterol reuptake inhibitors. Mankhwalawa salola kuti cholesterol imidwe kudzera m'makoma a matumbo.

Njira izi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mosamalitsa monga adanenera dokotala chifukwa cha zovuta zoyipa.

Njira zina zochizira atherosulinosis

Njira zina zochiritsira ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yowonjezera yochiritsira yotsogola kapena yodziwika bwino kumayambiriro kwa matendawo.

Amakhudzanso cholesterol ndi lipoprotein komanso mphamvu yokhudzana ndi chitetezo chathupi.

Kuchita kwawo kwachilengedwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kukondoweza m'thupi lamphamvu zake polimbana ndi kuphwanya homeostasis, komanso mwachindunji pama molekyulu a lipids "zowopsa".

Chithandizo cha makolo polimbana ndi matenda a atherosulinosis ndi monga:

kukonzekera kwa nicotinic acid, kapena Vitamini PP, kudya pafupipafupi komwe kumapangitsa kutsika kwa lipoti la atherogenic, TAG, ndi kuchuluka kwa antiidsogenic lipids kumawonjezeka,
polyunsaturated Omega-3,6 fat acids, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti thupi lizitha, kutsitsa cholesterol, kusintha magazi, kulimbitsa endothelium, kudya pafupipafupi kumachepetsa kufa kwa matenda amtima mpaka 40%,
tocopherol, kapena Vitamini E, ndi antioxidant omwe amalepheretsa njira zophatikizira zamankhwala m'maselo, komanso amalepheretsa mapangidwe a atherosranceotic malo,
Tiyi yobiriwira yachilengedwe imakhala ndi ma phytoncides ambiri omwe amagwira ntchito, omwe amachepetsa ntchito ya thrombosis, komanso amathandizanso kuchuluka kwa kupanikizika kwa dongosolo,
adyo, chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa zinthu zomwe zimagwira, amatha kusintha magazi m'magazi ndikuletsa mapangidwe a magazi,
soya amalepheretsa kuphatikiza kwa atherogenic lipids, komanso imathandizira kupanga ma asidi a bile, omwe amalimbikitsa kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa cholesterol m'thupi,
Mavitamini a B amathandizira kuti magazi aziyenda bwino komanso kuti magazi azisintha.

Ndi ochepera ochepa a cholesterol ndi atherogenic lipoproteins, wodwalayo akulimbikitsidwa kuchita kusintha kwamoyo. Ndikofunika kuyamba kudya moyenera ndikuyang'anira kudya kwanu. Zochita zolimbitsa thupi zolondola ziyeneranso kuyambitsidwa.

Kufunika kwawo kumakhala kutsika kwachilengedwe kwa shuga ndi mafuta aulere chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa mphamvu ya myocardium.

Zomwe Zimakhudza Cholesterol

Popeza timvetsetsa momwe cholesterol yapamwamba imakhudzira moyo wathu wonse komanso moyo wabwino, anthu ambiri adzafuna kusintha moyo wawo. Gawo ili ndilofunika kwambiri komanso lofunikira kwambiri pochiza matenda a atherosulinosis.

Izi ndichifukwa choti anthu ambiri omwe akudwala atherosulinosis adayamba kale kukhala ndi moyo wosalondola. Kupewera kwakukulu kwa matenda amtima wapamtima ndikusintha kwamoyo munthawi yake.

Zinthu zotsatirazi zimakhudza kwambiri chitukuko cha zotupa zamatenda am'mimba:

kumangokhala
kunenepa kwambiri komanso kunenepa kwambiri,
kusuta
kuchuluka kwa zakudya zopezeka ndi mafuta ambiri komanso
chibadwa
mawonekedwe azaka
mtundu 2 shuga
kuyanjana amuna.

Kuwongolera njira ya moyo kumapereka chofunikira kwambiri mu mwezi kuyambira pachiyambi cha zakudya zoyenera komanso maphunziro akuthupi.

Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kumalimbitsa thanzi, kumalimbitsa thupi, kumawonjezera zochita za metabolic. Kuchita zolimbitsa thupi pafupipafupi kumachepetsa kuchepa kwa mpweya m'mweya wamkati, kumapereka kutuluka kwa magazi kuchokera mu minofu ya mtima. Moyo wathanzi ndiwo chinsinsi cha thanzi la mtima.

Momwe cholesterol imakhudzira thupi lonse lapansi ifotokozedwa ndi katswiri muvidiyoyi.

1. Kutupa ndi kutopa kwa miyendo

Kutupa ndi kutalika kwa miyendo ndi chimodzi mwazizindikiro zoyambirira za mafuta ambiri.

Izi zimachitika chifukwa chakuti lipids wambiri limasokoneza magazipotero kuchepetsa kufalikira kwa mpweya ndi michere kwa minofu.

Mpweya woipa, kapena halitosis, ndi chizindikiro china chofala kwambiri mwa anthu omwe ali ndi mavuto a cholesterol.

Popeza izi zimabisidwa ndi chiwindi, izo Kuchulukana kwambiri kumabweretsa zosokoneza m'mimba. Kenako, izi zimayambitsa pakamwa pouma komanso fungo losasangalatsa.

3. Kudziona kuti ndi wolemera komanso kudzimbidwa

Ndi cholesterol yochulukirapo "yoyipa" m'thupi mumatha kumva kulemera komanso kudzimbidwa.

Chowonadi ndi chakuti lipids owonjezera m'magazi ndi chiwindi zoipa kwakagayidwe ndipo zimasokoneza njira yachilengedwe yogaya, makamaka mukamadya zakudya zamafuta ambiri.

5. Mavuto akuwona

Kuchuluka kwa cholesterol m'thupi kungayambitsenso mavuto amawonedwe. Ndipo ngati zinthu sizichitika munthawi yake, ndiye kuti kuphwanya malamulo sikungasinthe.

Nthawi zambiri odwala amadandaula masomphenya osadetsedwa, ali ndi nkhawa zakukwiyitsika komanso ziphuphu zachikaso m'maso ndi matope (otchedwa cholesterol plaques).

6.Kukweza cholesterol ndi kudzimbidwa

Monga tanenera pamwambapa, kudzikundikira kwa lipids m'mitsempha kumapangitsa kuti ntchito ya m'mimba isamayende bwino.

Ndipo matumbo afooka, kudzimbidwa kumachitika nthawi zambiri.

Zachidziwikire, pamakhala zifukwa zambiri kupatula cholesterol, koma izi siziyenera kunyalanyazidwa, makamaka pakakhala zovuta zina.

8. Kutopa ndi kufooka

Kumva kutopa, kufooka ndi kukhumba kosalekeza kugona ndi zizindikiro:

Kusowa kwa thupi m'thupi
Kuchita zolimbitsa thupi kwambiri
Matenda aliwonse

Ngati awa akhala mkhalidwe wanu wokhazikika, ndiye dziwani nokha, ndizotheka kuti Ichi ndi chizindikiro kuti uli ndi cholesterol yayikulu.

Kupatula apo, monga tanenera kale pamwambapa, chinthu ichi chimakhudza kuthamanga kwa magazi ndipo chimasokoneza kayendedwe ka kuchepa kwa oxygen m'maselo, motero kutopa kwakuthupi komanso kwamakhalidwe kumadziunjikira.

9. Matenda akhungu

Zakudya zotupa ndi zotupa zina zimatha kukhala chifukwa cha cholesterol yayikulu mthupi.

Mutha kuzindikira redness, kutupa kwa pakhungu kapena zomverera zilizonse zosasangalatsa (kuyabwa kapena kuyaka), zomwe nthawi zambiri zimakhala zovuta kuchiza.

10. Kusagwirizana kwa chakudya

Ngati mwadzidzidzi mumalephera kudya zakudya zina, zimakhalanso chifukwa cha kukhalapo kwa mavuto a cholesterol.

Inde, pakhoza kukhala zifukwa zambiri za izi, koma kuchuluka kwa mafuta m'mitsempha ndi chiwindi sitingathe kuwathetsa.

Zakudya zambiri zomwe zimalepheretsa chakudya ndizopewera nyama kapena zakudya zina zamafuta.

Ndipo ngati mwayamba kukayikira kuti mwina izi zingakhale izi, onetsetsani kuti mwawonana ndi dokotala ndikupereka mayeso oyenera kuti mudziwe zowonadi zake.

Poyang'ana koyamba, zitha kuwoneka kuti zonse sizowopsa, koma pakupita nthawi zotsatira zake zimakhala zazikulu kwambiri, ndipo thanzi lathu (ngakhalenso moyo!) likhoza kukhala pachiwopsezo. Chifukwa chake dziyang'anireni nokha ndikupita patsogolo!

Mafuta a cholesterol m'mwazi

Mwa anthu athanzi labwino, kuchuluka kwa cholesterol "yopindulitsa" kumakhala kokwanira kwambiri: malingaliro abwinobwino sapitirira 1.0 mmol / L Kulephera kumabweretsa mavuto ena mthupi.

Mwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda oopsa komanso odwala matenda ashuga, chizindikiro ichi chizikhala chochepera 2 mmol / L. Kupitilira muyeso uwu kumatha kupangitsa chitukuko cha atherosulinosis. Kwa cholesterol yathunthu, mitengo yokhazikika siyenera kupitirira 5.2 mmol / L.

Kuphatikiza pa magawo ochulukitsa, mawonekedwe a cholesterol amawunikiranso: kuchuluka kwa zigawo zake zosiyanasiyana - LDL, HDL, TG. Mwa anthu athanzi, atherogenic cholesterol (LDL) ali mndandanda wa 100 - 130 mg / l, (mwa odwala oopsa - 70 - 90 mg / l).

Njira yotsika mtengo kwambiri yodziwira kuchuluka kwanu kwa cholesterol, yomwe ingachitike kuchipatala chilichonse, kuyezetsa magazi, kotchedwa "lipid mbiri."

Ndikofunikira kuwunika kutsatira kwa zomwe zikuwonetsa ndi zomwe zili bwino kwa anthu azaka zopitilira 35 osachepera kamodzi zaka ziwiri zilizonse. Odwala omwe ali pachiwopsezo, komanso omwe (kapena akhala ndi) odwala omwe ali ndi mtima wam'mabanja, ayenera kumayesedwa chaka chilichonse.

Chifukwa chiyani, ndi zizindikiro pansipa 3.5 mmol / l, ndikulimbikitsidwanso kukaonana ndi dokotala, onani yankho mu pulogalamu "Moyo wabwino: chinthu chofunikira kwambiri"

Zizindikiro za High Cholesterol

Madokotala amatcha cholesterol "wakupha wofatsa," chifukwa kulakalaka kuphika keke kapena nyama sikupweteketsa, ngati dzino loipa. Kudzikundikira kwa zinthu zovulaza nthawi zambiri kumakhala kwa asymptomatic.

Momwe kuchuluka kwa cholesterol kumadzuka, ma atherosselotic plaques amapanga thupi, zomwe zimayambitsa matenda amtima komanso mavuto ena azaumoyo.

Zizindikiro zingapo zosadziwika zimawonetsa cholesterol yokwezeka m'magazi:

Matenda a mtima. Matenda amitsempha yamagazi ndi chifukwa cha kufupika kwa mitsempha ya m'mimba,
Maonekedwe akuwundana ndi magazi akulu,
Pachifuwa komanso ululu wolumikizana
Mafuta a granulomas - kutupa kopweteka pakhungu,
Mawanga achikasu pakhungu pansi pa maso, minyewa yaying'ono ya adipose mumakona amaso,
Ululu ndi kulemera m'miyendo, ngakhale mutachita zolimba.

Awa ndi zizindikiro zazikulu zokha, kuzindikira kwa zomwe zikuyenera kupendedwa. Zizindikiro za matendawa zimawonekera pokhapokha ngati cholesterol yayamba kale kuvuta.

Kodi chiwopsezo cha cholesterol yayikulu ndi chiyani?

A ambiri ndende ya mafuta m'thupi kwa nthawi yayitali amachititsa zinthu mapangidwe kwambiri pathologies:

Matenda a mtima chifukwa cha zovuta zamagetsi amtundu wa okosijeni,
Vascular thrombosis,
Matenda a ziwalo,
Myocardial infaration
Matenda a mtima wa Ischemic,
Impso ndi chiwindi,
Matenda a Alzheimer's.

Kuchuluka kwa cholesterol kumayambitsa chitukuko cha matenda oopsa. Kuwonongeka kwa makoma amitsempha yamagazi kumayambitsa zofunikira zamatenda amiyendo - mitsempha ya varicose, thrombophlebitis.

Matenda a shuga amaphatikizidwa ndi dyslipidemia - kusintha kwa kuchuluka kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya lipoprotein. Zotsatira zake, odwala matenda ashuga amatha kupeza matenda a mtima ndi mtima.

Odwala nthawi zambiri amaphunzira za cholesterol yayikulu pokhapokha ngati patachitika zovuta zina - matenda a mtima, kugunda kwa mtima, sitiroko. Mwa amuna, chakudya chamafuta chopanda cholesterol chomwe chimachepetsa kugonana, mwa azimayi amorrhea amatha.

Monga mukuwonera, cholesterol yokwezeka imachulukitsa mwayi wa matenda oopsa a mtima, imatha kupha munthu, ndiye kuti ntchito yathu yayikulu ndikupewa kusinthasintha kwakukulu.

Malamulo 10 osavuta osungira cholesterol yabwinobwino

Atherossteosis koyambirira ikhoza kuimitsidwa, ndipo zakudya m'thupi zimagwiritsa ntchito ngati njira yoteteza. Akazindikira cholesterol yayikulu, dokotala amayenera kupereka malangizo ake.

Dokotala wodziwa ntchito sathamangira kupereka mankhwala, koma amayesetsa kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa chinthu chovuta pokonza zakudya.

Mafuta ophika masamba (opaka, mpendadzuwa, maolivi, chimanga) okhala ndi mafuta ochulukirapo m'magulu ochepa (mpaka 30g / tsiku) amathandizira kapangidwe ka lipoproteins yapamwamba. Mafuta owonjezera amachititsa magazi.
Zakudya zamafuta ochepa ndi mazira. Kwa nthawi yayitali, mazira amawonedwa kuti ndi chinthu choyipa, chifukwa ali ndi cholesterol yokwanira. Koma kapangidwe kawo kamakhalanso chinthu chomwe chimathandizira kuti chimasungunuke m'thupi. Koma kudya kwambiri mafuta sikuli koyenera: chizolowezi cha munthu wamkulu ndi dzira limodzi patsiku. Zakudya ndizothandiza komwe zili m'chigawo chamadzimadzi amadzimadzi, popeza yolk ndiyabwino kwambiri yogwiritsira ntchito choleretic. (Mutha kuthana ndi cholesterol owonjezera kudzera mumabala a bile).
Uchi, kabichi, kaloti ndi grated palinso pamndandanda wazinthu zolimbikitsidwa. Mwambiri, muyenera kuwonjezera michere yambiri komanso zakudya zomwe zimakhala ndi masamba ndi zipatso muzakudya. Amachotsa 15% ya cholesterol m'matumbo, kupewa kuyamwa kwake. Wotchuka ku Europe, kampeni "Mitengo 5 patsiku" (pafupifupi 400g) imatha kukonza zinthu. Kuchuluka kwa masamba muzakudya kuyenera kukhala kopitilira katatu kuposa chakudya. Chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa fiber, zakudya zamzitini zimagweranso "mndandanda wakuda".
Mbewu zonse za chimanga zili ndi magnesium yambiri - anti-atherosranceotic wothandizila yemwe amapangitsa kuti mafuta azikhala ndi mafuta athanzi.
Imafinya magazi ndikubwezeretsa magazi ndi mafuta am'madzi kuchokera kumitundu yakumpoto ya nsomba, yomwe imakhala ndi mafuta ambiri a omega-3 polyunsaturated mafuta acids, omwe amachititsa kuti lipoproteins yapamwamba. Nsomba zimayenera kudyedwa katatu pa sabata. Olemera mu ayodini, amachepetsa "koyipa" cholesterol, seaweed, cod chiwindi, nsomba, shrimp.
Pistachios ndi atsogoleri pakati pa mtedza: ngati amamwetsedwa pafupipafupi (20-30g / tsiku), kuchuluka kwa cholesterol kumachepetsedwa kangapo! Zotsatira zabwino zitha kupezeka kuchokera ku maamondi kapena ma walnuts, omwe amakhalanso ndi ma asidi opindulitsa. Mtedza umawonjezeredwa ku saladi, tchizi tchizi, phala, kuyamwa.
Ma Cranberries, tiyi, tsabola, raspberries, mabulosi am'madzi ndi ma cherries okhala ndi manganese ambiri, omwe amachepetsa cholesterol, adziwonetsa okha pakulimbana ndi cholesterol yowonjezera. Ngati buliberries iyenera kukhala yatsopano, ndiye kuti ma cherries amatha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito pambuyo pa kutentha.
Chochita chothandiza kwambiri ndi bowa, kuphatikiza pa fiber, zimakhala ndi chinthu chapadera, statin, chomwe chimalepheretsa kupanga lipoproteins ochepa. Nthawi zambiri, bowa ndi chinthu cholemera cham'mimba, motero ndikofunikira kuyang'anira pang'ono.
Amachotsa ndikuchotsa nyemba za cholesterol zowonjezera. Ndikokwanira kudya 200 g ya nyemba patsiku (mu mawonekedwe owiritsa), kuti musaganize za cholesterol yowonjezera. Ndikofunika kuphatikiza artichoke kapena kutulutsa mu menyu.
Chepetsani zipatso za cholesterol ndi zipatso, zomwe zimakhala ndi pectins zomwe zimamanga cholesterol "yoyipa" m'mimba. Potere, zipatso za mphesa ziyenera kudyedwa ndi filimu yoyera. Maapulo ophika amakhalanso ndi pectin wambiri.

Mawonekedwe Amphamvu

Ndi cholesterol yayikulu, kusintha kwa zakudya kwa moyo wanu wonse ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zazikulu polimbana ndi zovuta zotere. Mfundo yayikulu yazakudya zathanzi ndikuti mafuta mumenyu sayenera kupitirira 30%.

Komanso, ziyenera kukhala mitundu yawo yosakwaniritsidwa - yomwe ili ndi nsomba kapena mtedza. Ngati mumatsatira malamulowa, simungangochepetsa kuchuluka kwa cholesterol yosafunikira, komanso kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwaopindulitsa.

Kudya wathanzi kumaphatikiza kupewa kupewetsedwa mafuta omwe ma margarine amapangira kapena kufalitsa. Ma molekyulu a Freak amakhalanso pazinthu za confectionery zopangidwa pamaziko ake.

Chiwindi ndi gwero labwino la vitamini A, koma mumapezeka mafuta ambiri, monga momwe zimakhalira ndi caviar. Mukaletsa zakudya izi muzakudya zanu, mutha kuchepetsa cholesterol yoyipa ndi theka. Kuletsedwaku kumakhudza nyama yofiira, mmalo mwake nkhuku yotsika mafuta ochepa imalimbikitsidwa.

Kuphika zakudya, mosiyana ndi kukazinga, kumachepetsa cholesterol yawo ndi 20%.

Zinthu zamafuta amkaka, makamaka zonona, ziyenera kutayikiranso. Kupewa kodalirika kwa atherosclerosis ndi kapu ya vinyo wofiira wouma. Muli ndi mowa wocheperako komanso ma antioxidants ambiri.

Lingaliro la wothandizira pazanjira zothanirana ndi vutoli - pa kanemayu

Kuchepetsa Mankhwala Cholesterol

Kusintha kwa zizolowezi za chakudya sikokwanira kuphatikiza cholesterol yapamwamba, chifukwa sizimangotengera zomwe timadya: chiwindi chimapangitsa kuti chiwonjezeke.

Ngati zizindikiro zake ndizokwera kwambiri kapena pali vuto lalikulu la mtima, madokotala amalimbikitsa kumwa mankhwala amoyo omwe amachepetsa cholesterol yayikulu.

Kodi kuchitira chisokonezo? Nthawi zambiri zotchulidwa zopendekera zomwe zimalepheretsa kuphatikizika kwa zinthu m'chiwindi. Zowona, ali ndi mndandanda wolimba wotsutsa. Mankhwala osokoneza bongo a gululi (Krestor, Lipitor, Mevacor), komanso mankhwala omwe amakhala ndi nicotinic acid (Niacin), amathandizira muyeso wa cholesterol wathanzi komanso yoyipa.

Zotsatira zoyipa zikafika, Transverol imayikidwa. Omwe amapezeka mu ndulu za asidi amalepheretsa kuyamwa kwa chinthu choopsa m'matumbo: Questran, Colestipol. Ngati cholesterol yayikulu ikupezeka mu mawunikidwe, kusankha kwa mankhwala ndi njira zamankhwala ziyenera kuchitidwa ndi dokotala yekha. Adzalimbikitsanso mavitamini: B3, B6, B12, E, folic acid.

Zithandizo za anthu

Kukonzekera kwazitsamba komwe kumachepetsa mayamwidwe a cholesterol kumaphatikizapo: viburnum, linden, quince, mizu ya dandelion, biringanya, ndi mphika wamagazi. Ginseng ndi Chinese magnolia mpesa zithandizira kuchepetsa kuchepa kwa kapangidwe ka slag. Chotsani mwachangu dogrose ndi fennel kuchokera mthupi.

Mndandanda wokwanira wa muzu wa eleutherococcus, zipatso za rosehip, masamba a birch, masamba a burdock, peppermint, kaloti, ndi sinamoni wa marsh umathandizanso:

Phatikizani zigawo zofanana (15 g zamtundu uliwonse wa zopangira), kupera, kusakaniza,
Thirani madzi otentha (1l) supuni imodzi yosakaniza.
Simmer pansi pa chivundikiro kwa maola osachepera 5,
Imwani kukhathamiritsa kulowetsedwa 1/3 chikho 3 pa tsiku.

Zakhala zikudziwika kuti anthu okhala kumapiri ali ndi mafuta ochepa kwambiri. Pali mpweya wochepa mumlengalenga, ndipo thupi liyenera kusintha: kusintha magazi ndi kuchepa kwa mtima, zomwe zimapangitsa kutsika kwamisempha.

Kunyumba, kuchuluka kwa mpweya m'magazi kumatha kuchepetsedwa ngati mumapumira m'thumba la pepala, kumasefukira ndikupumira mpweya womwewo.

Dosed yokhazikika yolimbitsa thupi imasintha bwino kwambiri zizindikiro. Kutopa nthawi yayitali, kumatha kuyambitsa zotsatirapo zake.

Ndipo chinsinsi chaching'ono chomaliza: sangalalani kwambiri. Endorphins (mahomoni achisangalalo), omwe thupi limatulutsa pakadali pano, amathandizira kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa cholesterol "yoyipa" komanso mavuto okhudzana ndi thanzi.